Africa Review Sheet

Cutrone / Huh – Period 9

1. Climate zones

2. Location of countries - Study the political map of Africa: large countries and countries we’ve discussed in class; also look at the colors of which countries controlled the greater parts of Africa - Political borders made as a result of European affairs, not because the Africans wanted them that way

3. Desertification (pg. 67-68) - The turning of semi-desert land into desert

4. Leaching (pg. 66) - Dissolving and washing away of the soil’s nutrient by constant heavy rains

5. Swahili (pg. 71) - Language of East Africa (that blends some Arabic words into the region’s basic Bantu languages)

6. Escarpments (pg. 60) - Steep cliff

7. Drought (pg. 67) - Prolonged periods of little or no rainfall

8. 10 characteristics of Africa (see notes on the handout from class)

9. Information from Webquest – key characteristic(s) of each of the 8 regions - What do people usually think about when they think of Africa?

10.Major problems of Africa (see the problem/suggested solution chart that you worked on in class with a partner – this was attached to the 10 characteristics of Africa sheet) – such as AIDS

11.Pokot tribe - Tropical dry – plains - Kenya; parts of Uganda

1 - Clothes from animal hide; cow dung for homes; bark for medicine; herding for food and milk – use of natural resources! - Challenges: invasions from other tribes; westernization; starvation from cattle trouble and diseases; rainfall unpredictable; bad soil - They save certain activities for certain seasons – focus on herding instead of farming; use every part of the livestock

12.Tuareg tribe - Desert – dry - Lack of wildlife - Nomadic – move from place to place - Build towns near wells - Herding camels - Sell items to tourists - Challenges: desertification, government of Mali unstable, drought, animals dying

13.Modify/adapting to your environment – what’s the difference, who does it and how?

14.Topographical features (and where are they primarily located?) a. Deserts b. Mountains c. Great Rift Valley d. Rainforests e. Bodies of water

15.Ancient Africa civilizations (see notes from 10-23-08) a. Nile River Valley b. Kush c. Axum

16.African Kingdoms (see notes from 10-28-08 and handout on “Gold and Salt/Ibn Battuta”) a. Ghana b. Mali c. Songhai

17.Mansa Musa (see notes from 10-28-08 and handout on “Mansa Musa’s Hajj”)

18.The Atlantic Slave Trade (see notes from 11-3-08)

2 19.Causes of slavery - Power – labor force - Racism – African seen as inferior - Natural resources - Lack of unity within Africa peoples/tribes

20.Effects of slavery (consequences within Africa) - Millions of Africans moved from the continent - Families/communities/cultures disrupted - War and strife within African tribes - Delay of technological advances - Deaths of millions of African; loss of youngest/healthiest/strongest - Racism – Africans seen as inferior

21.Olaudah Equiano (general info – just know of him)

22.Imperialism (pg. 35)

- Control by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region

23.Colony

24.Protectorate

25.Direct control – rule within the country/region

26.Indirect control – rule from afar

27.Colonialism

28.Nationalism – pride and loyalty to one’s country (pg. 36)

29.Pan-Africanism – (pg. 108) nationalist movement that began in the early 1900s – called for unifying all of Africa