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Oracle8i Administrator's Reference Release 3 (8.1.7) for IBM DYNIX/Ptx

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Oracle8i Administrator's Reference Release 3 (8.1.7) for IBM DYNIX/Ptx Oracle8i Administrator’s Reference Release 3 (8.1.7) for IBM DYNIX/ptx November 2000 Part No. A87392-01 Oracle8i Administrator’s Reference Release 3 (8.1.7) for IBM DYNIX/ptx Part No. A87392-01 Copyright © 1996,2000, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. The programs are not intended for use in any nuclear, aviation, mass transit, medical, or other inherently dangerous applications. It shall be the licensee’s responsibility to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy, and other measures to ensure the safe use of such applications if the programs are used for such purposes, and Oracle Corporation disclaims liability for any damages caused by such use of the programs. The programs (which include both the software and documentation) contain proprietary information of Oracle Corporation; they are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are also protected by copyright, patent, and other intellectual and industrial property laws. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of the programs is prohibited. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in the documentation, please report them to us in writing. Oracle Corporation does not warrant that this document is error free. Except as may be expressly permitted in your license agreement for these programs, no part of these programs may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of Oracle Corporation. If the programs are delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing or using the programs on behalf of the U.S. Government, the following notice is applicable: Restricted Rights Notice Programs delivered subject to the DOD FAR Supplement are " commercial computer software" and use, duplication, and disclosure of the programs, including documentation, shall be subject to the licensing restrictions set forth in the applicable Oracle license agreement. Otherwise, programs delivered subject to the Federal Acquisition Regulations are " restricted computer software" and use, duplication, and disclosure of the programs shall be subject to the restrictions in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights (June, 1987). Oracle Corporation, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065. Oracle is a registered trademark, and ConText, interMedia, JDeveloper, Net8, Oracle Call Interface, Oracle Database Configuration Assistant, Oracle Data Migration Assistant, Oracle Developer, Oracle Names, Oracle Spatial, Oracle Time Series, Oracle Video Information Retrieval, Oracle7, Oracle8i, PL/SQL, Pro*C/C++, Pro*COBOL, SQL*Loader, and SQL*Plus are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle Corporation. All other company or product names mentioned are used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective owners. Contents Send Us Your Comments ................................................................................................................... ix Preface............................................................................................................................................................ xi Oracle Information Navigator ...................................................................................................... xiii 1 Administering Oracle8i Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 1-2 Environment Variables ...................................................................................................................... 1-2 Oracle8i Environment Variables ................................................................................................ 1-2 UNIX Environment Variables..................................................................................................... 1-5 Setting a Common Environment................................................................................................ 1-7 Setting and Exporting the Value of a Variable in a Current Session .................................... 1-8 Setting the System Time .............................................................................................................. 1-8 Relink Executables ............................................................................................................................. 1-8 System Global Area............................................................................................................................ 1-9 Calculating the Size of the SGA................................................................................................ 1-10 Oracle8i Memory Requirements and Usage................................................................................ 1-12 Server Resource Limits .................................................................................................................... 1-13 Database Limits................................................................................................................................. 1-13 Special Accounts and Groups ........................................................................................................ 1-14 Security ............................................................................................................................................... 1-15 Groups and Security................................................................................................................... 1-15 Security for Server Manager Commands................................................................................ 1-16 Security for Database Files ........................................................................................................ 1-16 iii Remote Passwords...................................................................................................................... 1-16 Customizing the initsid.ora File ............................................................................................... 1-18 Demonstrations Files ....................................................................................................................... 1-20 SQL*Loader Demonstrations .................................................................................................... 1-20 Administering SQL*Loader....................................................................................................... 1-21 PL/SQL Demonstrations........................................................................................................... 1-23 Database Examples..................................................................................................................... 1-24 2 Tuning Oracle8i Importance of Tuning......................................................................................................................... 2-2 IBM DYNIX/ptx Tools ....................................................................................................................... 2-2 sar.................................................................................................................................................... 2-2 swap................................................................................................................................................ 2-3 SQL Scripts .......................................................................................................................................... 2-5 Tuning Memory Management ......................................................................................................... 2-5 Allocate Sufficient Swap Space .................................................................................................. 2-5 Control Paging ............................................................................................................................. 2-6 Lock the SGA in Physical Memory ............................................................................................ 2-6 Optimize Number of Database Buffers ..................................................................................... 2-7 Use Indirect Database Buffers..................................................................................................... 2-8 Optimize Number of Redo Buffers ............................................................................................ 2-8 Optimize the Shared Pool Size.................................................................................................... 2-8 Verify Data Dictionary Cache Effectiveness ............................................................................. 2-9 Allocate Adequate Library Cache Space ................................................................................... 2-9 Lock Large PL/SQL Blocks into the Shared Pool .................................................................. 2-10 Tuning Disk I/O ............................................................................................................................... 2-11 Tune the Database Writer to Increase Write Bandwidth ..................................................... 2-11 Use Logical Volumes.................................................................................................................. 2-13 Choose the Appropriate File System Type ............................................................................ 2-13
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