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KWAME NKRUMAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COLLEGE OF ART AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ASSESSMENT OF EFFECT OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCE FACILITY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND COMMUNITY SERVICE: A CASE OF MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY IN THE EJURA- SEKYEDUMASE MUNICIPALITY IN ASHANTI REGION By THERESAH AKOWUAH (B.A. Economics and Sociology)-Hons A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Development Policy and Planning NOVEMBER, 2015 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work towards the Msc. in Development Policy and Planning, And that, to the best of my knowledge, it contains neither material previously published by another person nor material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree of the University, except where due acknowledgement has been made in the text. AKOWUAH THERESAH …………………….. ………………… (PG1190713) SIGNATURE DATE CERTIFIED BY: PROF. K.D. KESSEY …………………….. ………………… (SUPERVISOR) SIGNATURE DATE CERTIFIED BY: DR. D. K. B. INKOOM …………………….. ………………… (HEAD OF DEPARTMENT) SIGNATURE DATE i ABSTRACT This study was carried out to assess the effects of MiDA’s rural infrastructure and community service intervention on rural development in the Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality. Primary data were obtained through a questionnaire survey of 144 selected household heads from four communities namely Kasei, Kobriti, Aframso and Hiawoanwo. These communities were purposively selected because of the presence of rural infrastructure provided by MiDA. The data were analysed with descriptive statistics tools in SPSS. Analysis of the data revealed that the contributions of MiDA in the communities have been the provision of educational, water and warehouse facilities. As an effect, the respondents indicated an improved school participatory rate and increased access to potable water in the communities. However, it was found that the warehouse facility has not been used frequently as most farmers rate the service charges as expensive. From the analysis, it was found that while majority of the respondents did not participate towards the provision of the facilities, others participated at various levels including project identification and implementation. With regard to the maintenance and repair of the provided facilities, majority of the respondents indicated no knowledge of either a maintenance fund or a locally trained technician for repair works. Furthermore, most of the respondents attributed management of the educational facilities to the local assembly while management of the water and warehouse facilities were attributed to private caretakers. Most respondents raised concerns such as lack of prioritisation of needs, poor siting of facilities, mismanagement and high service cost as issues they believe do not go well with the interventions of MiDA. The study concludes that beneficiaries of such interventions will benefit more from such interventions if they participate fully to ensure that their pressing needs are provided. Therefore, the study recommends for more local participation in rural development interventions. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT All glory to the most high God for granting me the life, wisdom and protection through my years of study. I am indeed grateful to my supervisor, Professor K.D. Kessey for his guidance and supervision. Also, my sincere gratitude goes to Danny, Sammy and Wulonyo for their support in data collection. And to all others, respondents, assemblymen, and opinion leaders especially King Solomon, who availed themselves for questioning during the field survey, I am indeed grateful. It was due to their cooperation that this study was made possible. Finally to my family and friends especially the late Eli Yao Aidam, I am indeed grateful for your immense support and advice. Thank you, all. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ............................................................................................................. i ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................................. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................... viii LISTS OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................... ix CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................. 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background of the Study ........................................................................................... 1 1.2 Problem Statement .................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Research Questions ................................................................................................... 7 1.4 Objectives of the Study.............................................................................................. 8 1.5 Scope of the Study ..................................................................................................... 8 1.6 Relevance of the Study .............................................................................................. 9 1.7 Organization of the Study ........................................................................................ 10 1.8 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER TWO .......................................................................................................... 12 LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................................. 12 2.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 12 2.1 Rural Infrastructure and Community Service ........................................................... 12 2.2 Some Strategies for Financing Rural infrastructure and Community Service in Ghana13 2.3 Rural infrastructure and Community Services Initiatives ......................................... 20 2.4 Constraints on Development of Rural Community Service-Infrastructure in Ghana . 21 2.5 The Need for Rural Infrastructure and Community Service Development in Poverty Reduction in Ghana. ................................................................................ 22 iv 2.8 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................... 24 CHAPTER THREE ....................................................................................................... 25 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY .......................................................... 25 3.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 25 3.1 Research Approach.................................................................................................. 25 3.1.1 Case Study Research Approach ............................................................................ 26 3.2 Unit of Analysis ...................................................................................................... 26 3.3 Preliminary Survey .................................................................................................. 27 3.4 Key variables .......................................................................................................... 27 3.5 Data Sources ........................................................................................................... 28 3.6 Sampling and Sampling Techniques ........................................................................ 29 3.7 Determination of Sample Size ................................................................................. 29 3.8 Data Collection Techniques and Instruments ........................................................... 31 3.8.1 Use of Questionnaires ........................................................................................... 31 3.9 Data Interpretation and Analysis Procedures ............................................................ 32 3.10 Data Collection Constraints ................................................................................... 32 3.11 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 33 CHAPTER FOUR ......................................................................................................... 34 STUDY AREA PROFILE AND DISCUSSION OF SURVEY DATA RESULTS ........ 34 4.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 34 4.1 Profile of the Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality ....................................................... 34 4.1.1 Physical Characteristics ........................................................................................ 34 4.2.1.1 Location and Size .............................................................................................
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