Environmental Science s1

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Review - Winter Final Exam Topics Experimental Design  Independent Variable  Dependent Variable  Control  Constants  Hypothesis  Methods  Data Table  Graph  Resources: Science Fair.pdf, Lab on Experimental Design Green Building  What are some reasons to create a green building?  What is LEED certification?  What are some specific ways to create green buildings? You should be able to list at least three for each of the home design areas. You should also be able to explain how those green designs meet the 'important considerations' listed below. Green Home Design areas

Kitchen and Bathroom Living Room and Bedroom Landscaping and Exterior

Important Considerations

Water Conservation (Kitchen, Bath, Landscaping) Energy Use (all rooms, include natural lighting, exterior feature consideration) VOCs (paint, flooring, furniture - all rooms)  Resources: Green Design Resource Folder at the bottom of my webpage. (We answered these questions in class on a 'Notes' MSWord document. You should have these completed answers in your document). Blue Vinyl Film  What are some of the problems with vinyl?  What do you think about vinyl?  How many products contain PVC?  How did her (the filmmaker's) life affect her decision?  What are the problems with removing vinyl?  What are the optional replacements? wood  What are the tradeoffs with these replacements? Durability & expense  Can a few people make a difference?  Resources: Blue Vinyl film website (These questions were completed in class and submitted. Answers were reviewed and you should have corrected these on your assignment.)

Ecological Footprint  What is an ecological footprint?  What are ways you can reduce your ecological footprint?  Resources: Earth Day Footprint Quiz website Chapter 1 Environmental Problems, Their Causes and Sustainability  What is sustainability?  Natural capital is both natural resources and natural services. Give some examples of each.  Define environmentally sustainable societies.  How has population growth changed over time?  Compare the world's population in developed and developing nations to resource use and waste production.  What are examples of perpetual, renewable and nonrenewable resources?

 Define sustainable yield and give an example of it.

 Define environmental degradation and give an example of it.

 What is the 'tragedy of the commons'? Here is an article with several examples. Pick one and explain it or make up your own!

 What solutions exist for these 'tragedies'?

 What happens when a country's ecological footprint is larger than its ecological capacity?

 What are the two ways we can deal with pollutants?

 Based on the 'major causes of environmental problems', list how each might be addressed.

 Explain how nature exemplifies the four scientific principles of sustainability.

 Resources: Chapter 1 in your text, Chapter 1 PowerPoint (where you took notes), Chapter 1 Review questions (you completed these questions and should have corrected your answers when we reviewed it in class) Chapter 23 Sustainable Cities  Urbanization and Urban Growth

 Urban Resource and Environmental Problems

 Transportation and Urban Development

 Urban Land-Use Planning and Control

 Making Urban Areas More Sustainable and Desirable Places to Live

 problems with suburbs

 issues with decreasing oil availability

 Resources: Chapter 23 in your text, Chapter 23 Outline, notes you took from classmate presentations (and the presentation you and your partner designed), the project you completed for this assignment Video: The End of Suburbia: Oil Depletion and the Collapse of the American Dream  Why did populations migrate from living downtown to living in suburbs? List at least two major reasons this change occurred.

 What is the "World Oil Peak"?

 What does this "Oil Peak" mean for North America?

 What predictions do the speakers in the film make about how suburbs will be affected by the changes in oil availability?

 What can be done to handle these changes in availability (and avoid the dour consequences to the 'End of Suburbia')?

 List questions you have about what you watched (minimum of three).  Resources: "End of Suburbia" film website (These questions were completed in class and submitted. Answers were reviewed and you should have corrected these on your assignment.) Chapter 11 Sustaining Biodiversity: The Species Approach  What is biodiversity?

 Describe the economic, medical, scientific, ecological, and aesthetic, recreational, and ethical significance of wild species.

 Describe the general process of extinction.

 Compare past extinctions to present extinctions.

 Start with E. O. Wilson's estimates for habitat destruction and loss of biodiversity. Calculate a range of estimations of biodiversity loss based on high and low assumptions.  Distinguish among local extinction, ecological extinction, and biological extinction.

 Distinguish between threatened and endangered species.

 List nine characteristics that make species extinction prone.

 List three root causes of extinction of wildlife.

 List eight human activities which directly increase the wildlife extinction rate.

 Summarize the condition of the world's fisheries and the causes of those conditions.

 Resources: Chapter 11 in your text, Chapter 11 notes you took in class, Chapter 11 Review questions (you completed these questions and should have corrected your answers when we reviewed it in class) Food Webs  Vocabulary: producer, consumer (1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.), autotroph, heterotroph, decomposer, organic, inorganic, biotic, abiotic, r-strategist, K-strategist  Explain how removing one organism from a food web affects the other organisms.  All of the questions from the ExploreLearning gizmo on Forest Ecosystems (both the assessment questions and the student worksheet questions)  Resources: notes we've taken in class, homework assignment on 11/29 (food web), and ExploreLearning gizmo on Forest Ecosystems Estimating Population Size  How to conduct (and complete calculations) a quadrat sampling lab  How to use the mark and recapture method of sampling (including calculations)  When to use either the mark and recapture or the quadrat sampling lab  All of the questions from the ExploreLearning gizmo on Estimating Population Sizes (both the assessment questions and the student worksheet questions)  How to identify trees using a Tree Identification Key (and associated vocabulary, like opposite, alternate, lobed, etc.)  Resources: Quadrat Lab, Mark and Recapture Lab, notes we've taken in class, ExploreLearning gizmo on Estimating Population Sizes Other information  Test questions may come from any of the bellwork or homework assignments we've done this year. It would be a good idea to go back through my website and review these.