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Peer-Reviewed Journal Tracking and Analyzing Disease Trends Pages 377–568 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF D. Peter Drotman Associate Editors EDITORIAL BOARD Paul Arguin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Timothy Barrett, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Charles Ben Beard, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Barry J. Beaty, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Ermias Belay, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Martin J. Blaser, New York, New York, USA David Bell, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Christopher Braden, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Sharon Bloom, Atlanta, GA, USA Arturo Casadevall, New York, New York, USA Mary Brandt, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Kenneth C. Castro, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Corrie Brown, Athens, Georgia, USA Louisa Chapman, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Charles Calisher, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA Benjamin J. Cowling, Hong Kong, China Michel Drancourt, Marseille, France Vincent Deubel, Shanghai, China Isaac Chun-Hai Fung, Statesboro, Georgia, USA Paul V. Effler, Perth, Australia Kathleen Gensheimer, College Park, MD, USA Anthony Fiore, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Duane J. Gubler, Singapore David Freedman, Birmingham, Alabama, USA Richard L. Guerrant, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Peter Gerner-Smidt, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Scott Halstead, Arlington, Virginia, USA Stephen Hadler, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Katrina Hedberg, Portland, Oregon, USA Matthew Kuehnert, Atlanta, Georgia, USA David L. Heymann, London, UK Nina Marano, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Keith Klugman, Seattle, Washington, USA Martin I. Meltzer, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Takeshi Kurata, Tokyo, Japan David Morens, Bethesda, Maryland, USA S.K. Lam, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia J. Glenn Morris, Gainesville, Florida, USA Stuart Levy, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Patrice Nordmann, Fribourg, Switzerland John S. MacKenzie, Perth, Australia John E. McGowan, Jr., Atlanta, Georgia, USA Didier Raoult, Marseille, France Jennifer H. McQuiston, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Pierre Rollin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Tom Marrie, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Frank Sorvillo, Los Angeles, California, USA Nkuchia M. M’ikanatha, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA David Walker, Galveston, Texas, USA Frederick A. Murphy, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Senior Associate Editor, Emeritus Barbara E. Murray, Houston, Texas, USA Stephen M. Ostroff, Silver Spring, MD, USA Brian W.J. Mahy, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, UK Marguerite Pappaioanou, Seattle, WA, USA Managing Editor Johann D. Pitout, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Byron Breedlove, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Ann Powers, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA Mario Raviglione, Geneva, Switzerland Copy Editors Claudia Chesley, Kristina Clark, Karen Foster, David Relman, Palo Alto, California, USA Thomas Gryczan, Jean Michaels Jones, Shannon O’Connor, Connie Schmaljohn, Frederick, Maryland, USA Jude Rutledge, Anupama Shankar, Carol Snarey, P. Lynne Stockton, Tom Schwan, Hamilton, Montana, USA Deborah Wenger Ira Schwartz, Valhalla, New York, USA Production Thomas Eheman, William Hale, Barbara Segal, Bonnie Smoak, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Reginald Tucker Rosemary Soave, New York, New York, USA Editorial Assistants Kristine Phillips, Susan Richardson P. Frederick Sparling, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Robert Swanepoel, Pretoria, South Africa Communications/Social Media Sarah Logan Gregory Phillip Tarr, St. Louis, Missouri, USA Founding Editor John Ward, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Joseph E. McDade, Rome, Georgia, USA J. Todd Weber, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Mary E. Wilson, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Emerging Infectious Diseases is published monthly by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027, USA. Telephone ∞ Emerging Infectious Diseases is printed on acid-free paper that meets the 404-639-1960, fax 404-639-1954, email [email protected]. requirements of ANSI/NISO 239.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper) The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Depart- endorsement by the Public Health Service or by the U.S. Department of Health ment of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for and Human Services. Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors’ affiliated institutions. Use of EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES is a registered service mark of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (HHS). of the groups named above. All material published in Emerging Infectious Diseases is in the public domain and may be used and reprinted without special permission; proper citation, however, is required. Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 23, No. 3, March 2017 March 2017 Whole-Genome Analysis of On the Cover Bartonella ancashensis, a Novel Pathogen Causing Edvard Munch Verruga Peruana, Rural (1863–1944) Das Kind und der Tod, 1899 Ancash Region, Peru (The Child and Death, K.E. Mullins et al. 430 1899) (detail). Oil on canvas. 39.4 in by Epidemiology of Nontuberculous 35.4 in/100 cm × 90 cm. Mycobacterial Lung Disease and Kunsthalle Bremen, Der Tuberculosis, Hawaii, USA Kunstverein, Bremen, Germany J. Adjemian et al. 439 About the Cover p. 561 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission among Elderly Persons, Yamagata Prefecture, Synopses Research Japan, 2009–2015 J. Seto et al. 448 Zika Virus RNA Replication Related material available online: and Persistence in Brain and http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ Placental Tissue article/23/3/16-1571_article Epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis J. Bhatnagar et al. 405 Comparison of Sputum-Culture Disease in Humans in Conversion for Mycobacterium England, Wales, and Spatiotemporal Fluctuations and bovis and M. tuberculosis Northern Ireland, Triggers of Ebola Virus Spillover 2002–2014 J.P. Schmidt et al. 415 C. Scott et al. 456 J.A. Davidson et al. 377 Related material available online: Use of Mass-Participation Despite slightly increased cases in these http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ article/23/3/16-0101_article Outdoor Events to Assess areas, human infection with this cattle Human Exposure to pathogen remains rare. New Mycobacterium tuberculosis Tickborne Pathogens Related material available online: Complex Sublineage, J.L. Hall et al. 463 http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ Brazzaville, Congo article/23/3/16-1408_article S. Malm et al. 423 Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria–Associated Deaths, Related material available online: Ontario, Canada, 2001–2013 http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ article/23/3/16-0679_article T.K. Marras et al. 468 Related material available online: Three Cases http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ of Neurologic article/23/3/16-1927_article Syndrome Caused by Donor-Derived 393 Microsporidiosis R.M. Smith et al. 387 Encephalitozoon cuniculi was transmitted from an infected donor to 3 solid organ recipients, 1 of whom died. Epidemiology of Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease, Europe, 2007–2014 R. Whittaker et al. 396 Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 23, No. 3, March 2017 Dispatches Variegated Squirrel Bornavirus 1 in Squirrels, Germany and the Netherlands K. Schlottau et al. 477 March 2017 Genetically Diverse Filoviruses Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Rousettus and Eonycteris spp. Research Letters Infection among Asian Elephants Bats, China, 2009 and 2015 in Captivity X.-L. Yang et al. 482 Autochthonous Outbreak and G. Simpson et al. 513 Related material available online: Expansion of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis, Uruguay http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ Molecular Evidence of Drug article/23/3/16-1119_article Resistance in Asymptomatic D. Satragno et al. 536 Malaria Infections, Molecular, Spatial, and Field Worldwide Endemicity Myanmar, 2015 Epidemiology Suggesting of a Multidrug-Resistant TB Transmission in M.H. Nyunt et al. 517 Staphylococcus capitis Clone Community, Not Hospital, Related material available online: Involved in Neonatal Sepsis http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ Gaborone, Botswana M. Butin et al. 538 D. Surie et al. 487 article/23/3/16-1363_article Potentially Zoonotic Bartonella in Related material available online: Pneumonic Plague Transmission, http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ Bats from France and Spain Moramanga, Madagascar, 2015 article/23/3/16-1183_article M.J. Stuckey et al. 539 B. Ramasindrazana et al. 521 Related material available online: pncA Gene Mutations Associated Related material available online: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ with Pyrazinamide Resistance article/23/3/16-0934_article in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, article/23/3/16-1406_article South Africa and Georgia Two Cases of Neisseria Outbreaks Associated with Food S. Allana et al. 491 meningitidis Proctitis in Imported into the United States, HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex Related material available online: 1996–2014 http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ with Men L.H. Gould et al. 525 article/23/3/16-1034_article J. Gutierrez-Fernandez et al. 542 Related material available online: Increase in Tuberculosis Cases http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ Association of Diabetes and among Prisoners, Brazil, article/23/3/16-1462_article Tuberculosis Disease among 2009–2014 US-Bound Adult Refugees, Zoonotic Transmission of mcr-1 P.M. Bourdillon et al. 496 2009–2014 Colistin Resistance Gene from Small-Scale Poultry Farms, S.R. Benoit et al. 543 Likely Autochthonous Vietnam Transmission of Trypanosoma Molecular Verification of cruzi to Humans, South Central N.V. Trung et al. 529 New World Mansonella perstans Texas, USA Related material available online: Parasitemias S.M. Gunter et al. 500 http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/ L.B.T. da Silva et al. 545 article/23/3/16-1553_article
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  • Feeding Habits and Comparative Feeding Rates of Three Southern African Arboreal Squirrels S

    Feeding Habits and Comparative Feeding Rates of Three Southern African Arboreal Squirrels S

    Feeding habits and comparative feeding rates of three southern African arboreal squirrels s. Viljoen Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria Food utilization by three arboreal squirrels was studied with Four species of indigenous arboreal squirrels occur in southern regard to feeding habits and efficiency, food preferences and Africa: the tree squirrel, Paraxerus cepapi; the red squirrel, chemical analyses of the food. Food selected in the field by the P. palliatus; the striped tree squirrel, Funisciurus congicus and two forest subspecies the Ngoye red squirrel Paraxerus pslliatus the sun squirrel, In this paper only omatus and the Tonga red squirrel, P. p. tongensis are listed. Heliosciurus rufobrachium. Measurements of lengths of the different parts of their intestinal the nominate fonn of the first-named and two subspecies of tracts indicate that the southern African arboreal squirrels are the second are considered. more insectivorous than tropical African squirrels. With regard to Arntmann (1975) listed 10 subspecies of P. cepapi from feeding efficiency, the tree squirrel P. cepapi cepspl, a savanna southern Africa, some of doubtful validity, and 11 subspecies species, is relatively more adept at handling small seeds and the of P. palliatus. The nominate P. c. cepapi was originally flesh of fruits, whereas the two forest subspecies mainly concen· trate on the endosperm of large fruits. Chemical analyses of fruits described from the Rustenburg district of the Transvaal and and seeds Indicate that the fat content is noticeably higher in has an average mass of 223 g (n = 69), and the Tonga red fruits and endosperm from forests and that the protein content of squirrel, P.