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THE WRIGHT BROTHERS A. Define, Describe, Or Identify

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THE WRIGHT BROTHERS A. Define, Describe, Or Identify THE WRIGHT BROTHERS A. Define, Describe, or Identify: 1. Strut – a vertical post. (p. 32) 2. Bracing – support. (p. 32) 3. Warp – twist. (p. 32) 4. Lateral – sideways. (p. 33) 5. Pitch – movement up or down. (p. 33) 6. Elevator – a movable, horizontal surface that controls motion up and down. (p. 33) 7. Canard configuration – an elevator that sits in front of the wings. (p. 33) 8. Airfoil – a wing’s profile. (p. 34) 9. Center of pressure – the focal point of lift. (p. 34) 10. Angle of attack – the angle between the relative wind and the airfoil. (p. 36) 11. Relative wind – the flow of air. (p. 36) 12. Spars – the main, lengthwise pieces of the wing. (p. 38) 13. Ribs – parts that give shape to the wings. (p. 38) 14. Skids – long, thin runners, like a pair of skis. (p. 39) 15. Yaw – a sideways movement. (p. 39) 16. Bid – an offer or proposal with a price attached. (p. 41) B. Multiple Choice: Circle the letter that provides the best answer. 1. Which was not a factor in the Wright brothers’ success? a. Their ability to learn from the experiences of others. b. Their abilities as creative problem solvers. c. Their artistic temperament kept their associates on their toes.* (p. 30) d. Their patience. 2. In striving to solve the problem of flight, the Wright brothers’ approach was to: a. Focus on the problem of power first, and then turn to control. b. Focus on control first, and then turn to power.* (p. 31) c. Have Orville focus on power and have Wilbur focus on control. d. Work on both power and control at the same time. 3. How many different model wings did the Wright brothers cut for their second glider? a. Only four, because they were making them out of steel, which was hard to cut. b. Several dozen, because they wanted to try out many different shapes. c. Probably more than 100, nobody knows for sure. d. More than 200.* (p. 35) 4. Where did the Wright brothers get the engine for their Flyer? a. They went to Michigan to buy an engine from the Ford Motor Company. b. They ordered it from Sears Roebuck. c. Their bicycle mechanic built it for them.* (p. 37) d. They had it built for them by a Scottish engineer recommended to them by the Smithsonian Institution. 5. What did Wilbur write home when the Flyer crashed after 3.5 seconds in the air? a. “There is now no question of final success.”* (p. 37) b. “Orville thinks we should consider a different design altogether for our aircraft.” c. “We’re certainly glad we’ve kept the bicycle shop going all these years; it will be good to have something solid to come home to.” d. “We have no idea what went wrong. Maybe if we try again, it will work better.” 6. Who was not a source of help to the Wright brothers in their quest for flight? a. The Smithsonian Institution. b. Professors Wilbur had at Yale University.*(p. 38) c. President Theodore Roosevelt. d. Their mother. C. Fill in the Blanks: 1. In trying to solve the problem of flight and the three challenges all pilots face, the Wrights chose a glider as their starting point. (p. 31 ) 2. In writing to the Smithsonian Institution, Wilbur explained that he was an enthusiast but not a crank. (p. 31) 3. The Wrights discovered that they didn’t need to tilt an entire wing to turn the craft. (p. 32) 4. The early glider experiments taught the brothers three important things: how to control climb and descent, the best design for the shape of the wing, and how large the wing area had to be to sustain lift. (p. 33) 5. The Wrights’ first glider didn’t have nearly enough lift. (p. 35) 6. The Wrights’ third glider had a low angle of attack. This made it more stable and easier to control. (p. 36) 7. After more than 700 flights with their third glider in the fall of 1902, the Wrights returned to Ohio to put an engine on the glider. (p. 36) 8. The brothers controlled their craft through three main means they developed in their glider experiments: the forward elevator, the use of wing warping, and a single, movable rear rudder. (p. 39) 9. Once the Wright Brothers had achieved powered flight, they no longer needed the wind conditions of the North Carolina coastline for their tests. (p. 40) 10. The Wrights’ contract with the government required that they train two Army pilots to fly the craft. (p. 41) D. Crossword Puzzle: Across 1. These give shape to the wings of an aircraft. RIBS. (p. 38) 3. A sidewise movement by an aircraft. YAW. (p. 39) 4. It decided who flew. COIN. (p. 30) 5. Long, thin runners like a pair of skis. SKIDS. (p. 39) 7. Sideways. LATERAL. (p. 33) 8. An offer or proposal with a price attached. BID. (p. 41) 10. Movement up or down. PITCH. (p. 33) 11. Twist. WARP. (p. 32) 12. A movable, horizontal surface that controls motion up and down. ELEVATOR. (p. 33) Down 2. Support. BRACING. (p. 32) 4. A ______ configuration is so called because people thought it looked like a flying duck. CANARD. (p.33) 5. A vertical post. STRUT (p. 32). 6. The main, lengthwise pieces of the wing. SPARS. (p. 38) 8. The propellers on the Wright Flyer rotated with _______ chains. BICYCLE. (p. 39) 9. A wing’s profile. AIRFOIL. (p. 34) 1 2 R I B S R 3 Y A W C I 4 C O I N 5 6 S K I D S A G T P N 7 R L A T E R A L U R R 8 T S B I D I 9 C A Y I 10 11 P I T C H W A R P L F 12 E L E V A T O R I L Created with EclipseCrossword — www.eclipsecrossword.com E. Matching: Match the definition in Column A with the word in Column B. You may use each word only once. Column A Column B __e_ 1. This gave Wilbur Wright the idea for “wing warping.” (p. 32) a. center of pressure b. wheels __c__ 2. This came before the manned glider. (p. c. box kite 32) d. the Wright Flyer e. an empty carton __i__ 3. The Wright’s studied this person’s data f. the Third Glider to design a device that gave greater control g. hips of pitch. (p. 33) h. French sateen i. Lilienthal __a__ 4. This is the focal point of lift. (p. 34) j. wind tunnel __h__ 5. Fabric the Wrights used for glider wings. (p. 34) __j__ 6. Used to test model-size wings. (p. 35) __f__ 7. This had two fixed, vertical rudders behind the wings. (p. 36) __d__ 8.This was larger than the aircraft the brothers built earlier. (p. 39) __g__ 9. Used to make the Wright Flyer veer left or right. (p. 39) __b__ 10. Enabled airplanes to take off and land in a wider variety of settings. (p. 41) .
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