GAO-04-59 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
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Our Public Land Heritage: from the GLO to The
Our Public Land Heritage: From the GLO to the BLM Wagon train Placer mining in Colorado, 1893 Gold dredge in Alaska, 1938 The challenge of managing public lands started as soon as America established its independence and began acquiring additional lands. Initially, these public lands were used to encourage homesteading and westward migration, and the General Land Office (GLO) was created 1861 • 1865 to support this national goal. Over time, however, values and attitudes American Civil War regarding public lands shifted. Many significant laws and events led to the establishment of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and 1934 laid the foundation for its mission to sustain the health, diversity, and 1872 1894 Taylor Grazing Act productivity of America’s public lands for the use and enjoyment of General Mining Law Carey Act authorizes authorizes grazing 1917 • 1918 present and future generations. identifies mineral transfer of up to districts, grazing lands as a distinct 1 million acres of World War I regulation, and www.blm.gov/history 1824 1837 1843 1850 1860 class of public lands public desert land to 1906 1929 public rangeland subject to exploration, states for settling, improvements in Office of Indian On its 25th “Great Migration” First railroad land First Pony Express Antiquities Act Great Depression occupation, and irrigating, and western states 1783 1812 Affairs is established anniversary, the on the Oregon Trail grants are made in rider leaves 1889 preserves and 1911 purchase under cultivating purposes. Begins (excluding Alaska) General in the Department General Land Office begins. Illinois, Alabama, and St. Joseph, Missouri. Oklahoma Land Rush protects prehistoric, Weeks Act permits Revolutionary War ends stipulated conditions. -
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire Template
8th Grade U.S. History Chapter 13 Review #1 What is one reason people rushed to California in 1848? Discovery of Approval of A: B: gold/mineral slavery deposits Opening of a cross- Numerous rivers C: D: country railroad for farming B. Discovery of gold/mineral deposits #2 The concept of Manifest Destiny was important during the _______. War of 1812 A: B: Mexican War Revolutionary French and C: War D: Indian War B. Mexican War #3 “We had to search for a pass between the mountains that would allow us to get to Oregon.” This pioneer was writing about what mountain range? Rocky Appalachian A: B: C: Smoky D: Adirondack A. Rocky #4 What natural barrier would a traveler heading west to Colorado encounter? Rio Grande A: Great Lakes B: River Rocky Sierra Nevada C: Mountains D: Mountains C. Rocky Mountains #5 Manifest destiny was the idea that_____. American democracy Americans should A: should spread across B: conserve natural the continent environment More fertile land More land would C: was needed for D: increase U.S. food production international power A. American democracy should spread across the continent #6 The belief in Manifest Destiny was a MAJOR cause of ________. Conflicts Land disputes A: between farmers B: between competing & ranchers railroads Land disputes Conflicts between C: east of the D: U.S. & neighboring Appalachian Mts. countries D. Conflicts between U.S. & neighboring countries #7 “Our manifest destiny (is) to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions.” This statement influenced which idea? Abolition Tariff of A: B: movement Abominations Completion of Settlement of C: D: the Erie Canal Oregon country D. -
Best of WAGON TRACKS VOLUME 7 NOVEMBER 1992 NUMBER 1
Best of WAGON TRACKS VOLUME 7 NOVEMBER 1992 NUMBER 1 THE DIARY OF PEDRO IGNACIO GALLEGO WHEREIN 400 SOLDIERS FOLLOWING THE TRAIL OF COMANCHES MET WILLIAM BECKNELL ON HIS FIRST TRIP TO SANTA FE by Michael L. Olsen and Harry C. Myers At the time this was written, Michael Olsen was professor of history at New Mexico Highlands University at Las Vegas, and Harry Myers was superintendent of Fort Union National Monument. Both are acknowledged scholars of the Santa Fe Trail and frequent contributors to WT. Their discovery and preparation of this significant document is a substantial contribution to Trail historiography. They presented more material about Captain Gallego, along with the story of the discovery of the diary, at the 1993 SFTA symposium. This is the first of two parts. Part Two of this article is on a separate PDF. For over a century historians have speculated about the circumstances surrounding William Becknell's jour- ney across the plains in 1821, including such issues as where he was heading and the route he followed into New Mexico. Almost exclusively they have relied on Becknell's own account of his trek. But other documentary evidence exists in the diary of Militia Urbana Captain Pedro Ignacio Gallego, who with his troops encountered Becknell's party near present Las Vegas, New Mexico, on November 13, 1821. This diary has lain untranslated and unappreciated in the Mexican Archives of New Mexico for over 1OO years. It challenges some previously held views of Becknell and his expedition. It is presented here with a short introductory narrative, annotation of its salient points, and commentary on the precise geographical information it provides. -
Committee Handbook New Mexico Legislature
COMMITTEE HANDBOOK for the NEW MEXICO LEGISLATURE New Mexico Legislative Council Service Santa Fe, New Mexico 2012 REVISION prepared by: The New Mexico Legislative Council Service 411 State Capitol Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 (505) 986-4600 www.nmlegis.gov 202.190198 PREFACE Someone once defined a committee as a collection of people who individually believe that something must be done and who collectively decide that nothing can be done. Whether or not this definition has merit, it is difficult to imagine the work of a legislative body being accomplished without reliance upon the committee system. Every session, American legislative bodies are faced with thousands of bills, resolutions and memorials upon which to act. Meaningful deliberation on each of these measures by the entire legislative body is not possible. Therefore, the job must be broken up and distributed among the "miniature legislatures" called standing or substantive committees. In New Mexico, where the constitution confines legislative action to a specified number of calendar days, the work of such committees assumes even greater importance. Because the role of committees is vital to the legislative process, it is necessary for their efficient operation that individual members of the senate and house and their staffs understand committee functioning and procedure, as well as their own roles on the committees. For this reason, the legislative council service published in 1963 the first Committee Handbook for New Mexico legislators. This publication is the sixth revision of that document. i The Committee Handbook is intended to be used as a guide and working tool for committee chairs, vice chairs, members and staff. -
Biennial Report 2016-2018
Thirty-Third Biennial Report July 1, 2016 through June 30, 2018 New Mexico Legislative Council and Legislative Council Service New Mexico Legislative Council Service New Mexico Legislative Council Service 411 State Capitol Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 (505) 986-4600 www.nmlegis.gov 202.210961 CONTENTS OVERVIEW The 2016-2018 Biennium in Brief Interims ........................................................................................................................ 3 Sessions ........................................................................................................................ 5 THE NEW MEXICO LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL Membership ............................................................................................................................. 11 Historical Background ............................................................................................................. 13 Duties .................................................................................................................................... 13 Policy Changes ........................................................................................................................ 15 Interim Committees Permanent Legislative Education Study Committee .................................................................... 19 Legislative Finance Committee .................................................................................. 20 Statutory and New Mexico Legislative Council-Created Courts, Corrections and Justice Committee .............................................................. -
Museum of New Mexico Office of Archaeological Studies
MUSEUM OF NEW MEXICO OFFICE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDIES ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONSAT A WELL IN SAN MIGUEL DEL VADO, SAN MXGUEL COUNTY, NEW MEXICO Charles A. Hannaford and Patrick H. Severts Submitted by Timothy D. Maxwell Principal Investigator ARCHAEOLOGY NOTES 156 SANTA FE 1996 NEW MEXICO ADMINISTRATIVE SUMMARY On July 18, 1994, the Office of Archaeological Studies, Museum of New Mexico, carried out an emergency investigation of a sinkhole that appeared on NM 3 running through the historic villageof San Miguel del Vado, New Mexico.The investigating team consisted of Steve Koczan from the New Mexico State Highway and Transportation Department, along with OAS staff Tim Maxwell, Pat Severts, and Chuck Hannaford.The sinkhole was caused by the presence of a log- and stone-lined water well beneath the pavement, The well, LA 105516, may date as earlyas 1800, but collected artifacts from the upper till are from the 1930s. After documentation, the well was filled with gravel and the sinkhole repaired. ii CONTENTS AdministrativeSummary .......................................... ii Introduction .................................................. 1 HistoricalBackground ............................................ 4 Investigations at the San Miguel Well (LA 105516) ......................... 5 Discussion .................................................. 10 Conclusion .................................................. 11 References Cited .............................................. 12 Appendix 1: National Register of Historic Places Nomination -
Arizona and the Gadsden Purchase
Location, Location, Location: Arizona and the Gadsden Purchase Author Keith White Grade Level High School Duration 2 class periods National Standards AZ Standards Arizona Social Science Standards GEOGRAPHY ELA Geography Element 1: The Reading The use of geographic World in Spatial Key Ideas and Details representations and tools help Terms 11-12.RI.1 Cite strong and thorough individuals understand their world. 1. How to use maps textual evidence to support analysis of HS.G1.1 Use geographic data to explain and other geographic what the text says explicitly as well as and analyze relationships between representations, inferences drawn from the text, locations of place and regions. Key tools geospatial including determining where the text and representations such as maps, technologies, and leaves matters uncertain. remotely sensed and other images, spatial thinking to Integration of Knowledge and Ideas tables, and graphs understand and 11-12.RI.7 Integrate and evaluate future conditions on Earth’s surface. communicate multiple sources of information HS.G3.1 Analyze the reciprocal nature of information presented in diverse formats and how historical events and the diffusion of Element 2: Places media (e.g., visually, quantitatively, as ideas, technologies, and cultural and Regions well as in words) in order to address a practices have influenced migration 4. The physical and question or solve a problem. patterns and the distribution of human human characteristics Writing population. of places Text Types and Purposes HS.G3.5 Evaluate the impact of social, Element 4: Human 11-12.W.2 Write political, and economic decisions that Systems informative/explanatory texts, have caused conflict or promoted 12. -
Learn About the United States Quick Civics Lessons for the Naturalization Test
Learn About the United States Quick Civics Lessons for the Naturalization Test M-638 (rev. 02/19) Learn About the United States: Quick Civics Lessons Thank you for your interest in becoming a citizen of the United States of America. Your decision to apply for IMPORTANT NOTE: On the naturalization test, some U.S. citizenship is a very meaningful demonstration of answers may change because of elections or appointments. your commitment to this country. As you study for the test, make sure that you know the As you prepare for U.S. citizenship, Learn About the United most current answers to these questions. Answer these States: Quick Civics Lessons will help you study for the civics questions with the name of the official who is serving and English portions of the naturalization interview. at the time of your eligibility interview with USCIS. The USCIS Officer will not accept an incorrect answer. There are 100 civics (history and government) questions on the naturalization test. During your naturalization interview, you will be asked up to 10 questions from the list of 100 questions. You must answer correctly 6 of the 10 questions to pass the civics test. More Resources to Help You Study Applicants who are age 65 or older and have been a permanent resident for at least 20 years at the time of Visit the USCIS Citizenship Resource Center at filing the Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, uscis.gov/citizenship to find additional educational are only required to study 20 of the 100 civics test materials. Be sure to look for these helpful study questions for the naturalization test. -
Established in Alfaro, La Rioja, Castile, Kingdom of Spain, Since XIV Century
Hidalgo de Castilla y León Compañía de Ballesteros de la Villa de Alfaro (La Rioja) Established in Alfaro, La Rioja, Castile, Kingdom of Spain, since XIV century Royal Protector and Honorary Chief: HM The King Juan Carlos I. of Spain Chief: SAR The Prince Alvaro de Bourbon Duque de Galliera Commander: Alfonso de Ceballos-Escalera y Gila, Duke of Ostuni in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, Marquess of La Floresta and Lord of the Castle of Arbeteta in the Kingdom of Spain The Noble Compañia de Ballesteros Hijosdalgo de San Felipe y Santiago, is a little nobiliary-sportive-religious association founded in the XIV century, as detailed enclose. Since XVIII century it was losing its nobiliary and sportive uses, remaining only those religious (like Easter procession). Among the several forms that historically had adopted the Spanish nobiliary colleges -such as corporations, brotherhoods and companies, and chivalry orders- are barely mentioned by its rarely, the military character associations, like the Noble Compañia de Ballesteros Hijosdalgo de San Felipe y Santiago raised in the XIV century in the ancient town of Alfaro (La Rioja, ancient kingdom of Castile, today Kingdom of Spain). The Ballesteros as war and hunting weapon it was already known by Romans-Ballesteros comes from Latin word 'ballo', which means to throw- and by Byzantines, in whose documents frequently appears. After a relative dark period, it came to have a preeminent place during XI century in European weapon system, as well as being a military support -remember its importance in the Hundred Years War- as hunting article. Medieval sources give us what kind of arrows it threw, with a huge of different uses and meanings, even stone bullets capable to get through any armour from a distance longer than 250 feet. -
Bulletin 74. Report on Boundaries of Territorial Acquisitions
Twelfth Census of the United States. CENSUS BULLETIN. No. 74. WASHINGTON, D. C. July 20, 1901. REPORT ON BOUNDARIES OF TERRITORIAL ACQUISITIONS .. Hon. WILLIAM R. MERRIAM, have no official standing, but are entitled only to sucl1 Director of the Census. weight as is carried by the names of the individuals Sm: I have the honor to transmit herewith, for pub signing the report. Even so, there is no doubt that its lication as a census bulletin, the "Report of a Conference results have materially decreased the conflicts of official upon the Boundaries of the Successive Acquisitions of Ter authority in this field. The main conclusions of the con._ ritory by the United States." The conference was con ference, as detailed in the following pages, may be sum stituted of representatives of the Department of State, the marized as follows : Coast and Geodetic Survey, the Geological Survey, the 1. The region between the Mississippi "River and lakes Census Office, and the Ubrary of Congress. It was ap Maurepas and Pontchartrain to the west, and the Perdido pointed at the req nest of the Census Office, and as an River to the east, should not be assigned either to the advisory committee to that office on certain controverted Louisiana Purchase or to the Florida Purchase, but subjects. marked with a legend indicating that title to it between In the '' Statistical Atlas of the United States, Based 1803 and 1819 was in dispute. upon Results of the Eleventh Census," is a map (Plate I) 2. The line between the Mississippi River and the Lake giving the boundaries of the successive acquisitions of ter of the Woods, separating the territory of the United ritory by the United States, exclusive of Alaska. -
Separation of Powers and the Judicial Rule-Making Power in New Mexico: the Need for Prudential Constraints
Volume 15 Issue 3 Summer 1985 Summer 1985 Separation of Powers and the Judicial Rule-Making Power in New Mexico: The Need for Prudential Constraints Michael B. Browde University of New Mexico - Main Campus Ted Occhialino Recommended Citation Michael B. Browde & Ted Occhialino, Separation of Powers and the Judicial Rule-Making Power in New Mexico: The Need for Prudential Constraints, 15 N.M. L. Rev. 407 (1985). Available at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmlr/vol15/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The University of New Mexico School of Law. For more information, please visit the New Mexico Law Review website: www.lawschool.unm.edu/nmlr SEPARATION OF POWERS AND THE JUDICIAL RULE-MAKING POWER IN NEW MEXICO: THE NEED FOR PRUDENTIAL CONSTRAINTS MICHAEL B. BROWDE* and M. E. OCCHIALINO** I. INTRODUCTION Separation of powers among the "co-equal" branches of government is fundamental to our constitutional system. True to the eighteenth century political theory of John Locke,' from which it derives, the separation of powers doctrine is designed to prevent any one branch from dominating the other two, thereby serving as a check against the tyranny of concen- trated governmental power.' *Professor of Law, University of New Mexico School of Law; B.A. Brown University, 1965; J.D. Georgetown University Law Center, 1968. **Professor of Law, University of New Mexico School of Law; B.A., Siena College, 1964; J.D. Georgetown University Law Center, 1967. The authors wish to thank a number of past students who assisted in the development of this article. -
Social and Economic Sustainability Report
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Southwestern Region Coronado National Forest November 2008 Social and Economic Sustainability Report Coronado NF Social and Economic Sustainability Report Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................1 Historical Context........................................................................................................................................4 Demographic and Economic Conditions ...................................................................................................6 Demographic Patterns and Trends.............................................................................................................6 Total Persons.........................................................................................................................................7 Population Age......................................................................................................................................7 Racial / Ethnic Composition..................................................................................................................8 Educational Attainment.......................................................................................................................10 Housing ...............................................................................................................................................12