320 Part 640—Spiny Lobster Fishery of the Gulf Of

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

320 Part 640—Spiny Lobster Fishery of the Gulf Of Pt. 635, App. A 50 CFR Ch. VI (10–1–06 Edition) APPENDIX A TO PART 635—SPECIES Marbled catshark, Galeus arae TABLES Smallfin catshark, Apristurus parvipinnis Bigtooth cookiecutter, Isistius plutodus TABLE 1 OF APPENDIX A TO PART 635–OCEANIC Blainville’s dogfish, Squalus blainvillei SHARKS Bramble shark, Echinorhinus brucus Broadband dogfish, Etmopterus gracilispinnis A. Large coastal sharks: Caribbean lanternshark, Etmopterus hillianus Cookiecutter shark, Isistius brasiliensis 1. Ridgeback sharks: Cuban dogfish, Squalus cubensis Sandbar, Carcharhinus plumbeus Flatnose gulper shark, Deania profundorum Silky, Carcharhinus falciformis Fringefin lanternshark, Etmopterus schultzi Tiger, Galeocerdo cuvieri Great lanternshark, Etmopterus princeps Green lanternshark, Etmopterus virens 2. Non-ridgeback sharks: Greenland shark, Somniosus microcephalus Blacktip, Carcharhinus limbatus Gulper shark, Centrophorus granulosus Bull, Carcharhinus leucas Japanese gulper shark, Centrophorus acuus Great hammerhead, Sphyrna mokarran Kitefin shark, Dalatias licha Lemon, Negaprion brevirostris Lined lanternshark, Etmopterus bullisi Nurse, Ginglymostoma cirratum Little gulper shark, Centrophorus uyato Scalloped hammerhead, Sphyrna lewini Portuguese shark, Cetroscymnus coelolepis Smooth hammerhead, Sphyrna zygaena Pygmy shark, Squaliolus laticaudus Spinner, Carcharhinus brevipinna Roughskin spiny dogfish, Squalus asper Smallmouth velvet dogfish, Scymnodon B. Small coastal sharks: obscurus Smooth lanternshark, Etmopterus pusillus Atlantic sharpnose, Rhizoprionodon American sawshark, Pristiophorus schroederi terraenovae Florida smoothhound, Mustelus norrisi Blacknose, Carcharhinus acronotus Smooth dogfish, Mustelus canis Bonnethead, Sphyrna tiburo Finetooth, Carcharhinus isodon PART 640—SPINY LOBSTER FISHERY C. Pelagic sharks: OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND Blue, Prionace glauca SOUTH ATLANTIC Oceanic whitetip, Carcharhinus longimanus Porbeagle, Lamna nasus Subpart A—General Provisions Shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus Thresher, Alopias vulpinus. Sec. 640.1 Purpose and scope. D. Prohibited sharks: 640.2 Definitions. Atlantic angel, Squatina dumerili 640.3 Relation to other laws. Basking, Cetorhinus maximus 640.4 Permits and fees. Bigeye sand tiger, Odontaspis noronhai 640.5 Recordkeeping and reporting. [Re- Bigeye sixgill, Hexanchus vitulus served] Bigeye thresher, Alopias superciliosus 640.6 Vessel and gear identification. Bignose, Carcharhinus altimus 640.7 Prohibitions. Caribbean reef, Carcharhinus perezi 640.8 Facilitation of enforcement. Caribbean sharpnose, Rhizoprionodon porosus 640.9 Penalties. Dusky, Carcharhinus obscurus Galapagos, Carcharhinus galapagensis Subpart B—Management Measures Longfin mako, Isurus paucus 640.20 Seasons. Narrowtooth, Carcharhinus brachyurus 640.21 Harvest limitations. Night, Carcharhinus signatus 640.22 Gear and diving restrictions. Sand tiger, Odontaspis taurus 640.23 Bag/possession limits. Sevengill, Heptranchias perlo 640.24 Authorized activities. Sixgill, Hexanchus griseus 640.25 Adjustment of management meas- Smalltail, Carcharhinus porosus ures. Whale, Rhincodon typus 640.26 Tortugas marine reserves. White, Carcharodon carcharias FIGURE 1 TO PART 640 TABLE 2 OF APPENDIX A TO PART 635– AUTHORITY: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. DEEPWATER/OTHER SHARK SPECIES Blotched catshark, Scyliorhinus meadi Subpart A—General Provisions Broadgill catshark, Apristurus riveri Chain dogfish, Scyliorhinus retifer § 640.1 Purpose and scope. Deepwater catshark, Apristurus profundorum Dwarf catshark, Scyliorhinus torrei (a) The purpose of this part is to im- Iceland catshark, Apristurus laurussoni plement the Fishery Management Plan 320 VerDate Aug<31>2005 01:32 Nov 18, 2006 Jkt 208224 PO 00000 Frm 00332 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\208224.XXX 208224 Fishery Conservation and Management § 640.2 for the Spiny Lobster Fishery of the vessel in which aerated seawater is Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic pre- continuously circulated from the sea. pared by the South Atlantic and Gulf Circulation of seawater at a rate that of Mexico Fishery Management Coun- replaces the water at least every 8 min- cils under the Magnuson Act. utes meets the requirement for aer- (b) This part governs conservation ation. and management of spiny lobster and Off Florida means the area from the slipper (Spanish) lobster in the EEZ in Florida coast to the outer limit of the the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico EEZ between the Georgia/Florida off the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico boundary (30°42′45.6″N. latitude) and states from the Virginia/North Caro- the Alabama/Florida boundary lina border south and through the Gulf (87°31′06″W. longitude). of Mexico. Off the Gulf states, other than Florida (c) An owner or operator of a vessel means the area from the coast to the that has legally harvested spiny lob- outer limit of the EEZ between the sters in the waters of a foreign nation Texas/Mexico border to the Alabama/ and possesses spiny lobsters, or sepa- Florida boundary (87°31′06″ W. long.). rated tails, in the EEZ incidental to such foreign harvesting is exempt from Off Monroe County, Florida means the the requirements of this part 640, pro- area from the Florida coast to the vided proof of lawful harvest in the wa- outer limit of the EEZ between a line ters of a foreign nation accompanies extending directly east from the Dade/ such lobsters or tails. Monroe County, Florida boundary (25°20.4′N. latitude) and a line extend- [57 FR 56518, Nov. 30, 1992] ing directly west from the Monroe/Col- lier County, Florida boundary § 640.2 Definitions. (25°48.0′N. latitude). In addition to the definitions in the Off the southern Atlantic states, other Magnuson Act and in § 620.2 of this than Florida means the area from the chapter, the terms used in this part coast to the outer limit of the EEZ be- have the following meanings: tween the Virginia/North Carolina Bully net means a circular frame at- boundary (36°34′55″ N. lat.) to the Geor- tached at right angles to the end of a gia/Florida boundary (30°42′45.6″ N. pole and supporting a conical bag of lat.). webbing. The webbing is usually held Recreational fishing means fishing or up by means of a cord which is released fishing activities which result in the when the net is dropped over a lobster. harvest of fish, none of which (or parts Carapace length means the measure- thereof) is sold, traded, or bartered. ment of the carapace (head, body, or front section) of a spiny lobster from Regional Director means the Director, the anteriormost edge (front) of the Southeast Region, NMFS, 9721 Execu- groove between the horns directly tive Center Drive N., St. Petersburg, above the eyes, along the middorsal FL 33702, telephone 813–570–5301; or a line (middle of the back), to the rear designee. edge of the top part of the carapace, ex- Slipper (Spanish) lobster means the cluding any translucent membrane. species Scyllarides nodifer. Commercial fishing means any fishing Spiny lobster means the species or fishing activities which result in the Panulirus argus. harvest of any marine or freshwater or- Tail length means the lengthwise ganisms, one or more of which (or parts measurement of the entire tail (seg- thereof) is sold, traded, or bartered. mented portion), not including any Hoop net means a frame, circular or protruding muscle tissue, of a spiny otherwise, supporting a shallow bag of lobster along the top middorsal line webbing and suspended by a line and (middle of the back) to the rearmost bridles. The net is baited and lowered extremity. The measurement is made to the ocean bottom, to be raised rap- with the tail in a flat, straight position idly at a later time to prevent the es- with the tip of the tail closed. cape of lobster. Trip means a fishing trip, regardless Live well means a shaded container of number of days’ duration, that be- used for holding live lobsters aboard a gins with departure from a dock, berth, 321 VerDate Aug<31>2005 01:32 Nov 18, 2006 Jkt 208224 PO 00000 Frm 00333 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\208224.XXX 208224 § 640.3 50 CFR Ch. VI (10–1–06 Edition) beach, seawall, or ramp and that termi- www.archives.gov/federallregister/ nates with return to a dock, berth, codeloflfederallregulations/ beach, seawall, or ramp. ibrllocations.html. [47 FR 29203, July 2, 1982, as amended at 52 (ii) EEZ other than off Florida. For a FR 22659, June 15, 1987; 53 FR 17196, May 16, person to sell, trade, or barter, or at- 1988; 53 FR 24655, June 29, 1988; 53 FR 38294, tempt to sell, trade, or barter, a spiny Sept. 30, 1988; 55 FR 26448, June 28, 1990; 57 FR lobster harvested in the EEZ other 56518, Nov. 30, 1992; 58 FR 38979, July 21, 1993; than off Florida or for a person to be 59 FR 53119, Oct. 21, 1994; 60 FR 41830, Aug. 14, exempt from the daily bag and posses- 1995] sion limit specified in § 640.23(b)(1) for such spiny lobster, a Federal vessel § 640.3 Relation to other laws. permit must be issued to the har- (a) The relation of this part to other vesting vessel and must be on board. laws is set forth in § 620.3 of this chap- However, see paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this ter and paragraph (b) of this section. section for the licenses and certificates (b) The regulations in this part apply required for a person to possess or land within the boundaries of any national spiny lobster harvested in the EEZ park, monument, or marine sanctuary other than off Florida and subse- in the Gulf of Mexico and South Atlan- quently possessed in the EEZ off Flor- tic EEZ. ida or landed from a fishing vessel in [47 FR 29203, July 2, 1982, as amended at 52 Florida. FR 22659, June 15, 1987; 53 FR 24655, June 29, (2) Tail-separation permits. For a per- 1988] son to possess aboard a fishing vessel a separated spiny lobster tail in or from § 640.4 Permits and fees. the EEZ, a tail-separation permit must (a) Applicability—(1) Licenses, certifi- be issued to the vessel and must be on cates, and permits—(i) EEZ off Florida board.
Recommended publications
  • High Seas Bottom Trawl Fisheries and Their Impacts on the Biodiversity Of
    High Seas Bottom Trawl Fisheries and their Impacts on the Biodiversity of Vulnerable Deep-Sea Ecosystems: Options for International Action Matthew Gianni Cover Photography The author wishes to thank the following contributors for use of their photography. Clockwise from top right: A rare anglerfish or sea toad (Chaunacidae: Bathychaunax coloratus), measuring 20.5 cm in total length, on the Davidson Seamount (2461 meters). Small, globular, reddish, cirri or hairy protrusions cover the body. The lure on the forehead is used to attract prey. Credit: NOAA/MBARI 2002 Industrial fisheries of Orange roughy. Emptying a mesh full of Orange roughy into a trawler. © WWF / AFMA, Credit: Australian Fisheries Management Authority White mushroom sponge (Caulophecus sp). on the Davidson Seamount (1949 meters). Credit: NOAA/MBARI 2002 Bubblegum coral (Paragorgia sp.) and stylasterid coral (Stylaster sp.) at 150 meters depth off Adak Island, Alaska. Credit: Alberto Lindner/NOAA Cover design: James Oliver, IUCN Global Marine Programme Printing of this publication was made possible through the generous support of HIGH SEAS BOTTOM TRAWL FISHERIES AND THEIR IMPACTS ON THE BIODIVERSITY OF VULNERABLE DEEP-SEA ECOSYSTEMS: OPTIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL ACTION Matthew Gianni IUCN – The World Conservation Union 2004 Report prepared for IUCN - The World Conservation Union Natural Resources Defense Council WWF International Conservation International The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN, WWF, Conservation International or Natural Resources Defense Council concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • © Iccat, 2007
    A5 By-catch Species APPENDIX 5: BY-CATCH SPECIES A.5 By-catch species By-catch is the unintentional/incidental capture of non-target species during fishing operations. Different types of fisheries have different types and levels of by-catch, depending on the gear used, the time, area and depth fished, etc. Article IV of the Convention states: "the Commission shall be responsible for the study of the population of tuna and tuna-like fishes (the Scombriformes with the exception of Trichiuridae and Gempylidae and the genus Scomber) and such other species of fishes exploited in tuna fishing in the Convention area as are not under investigation by another international fishery organization". The following is a list of by-catch species recorded as being ever caught by any major tuna fishery in the Atlantic/Mediterranean. Note that the lists are qualitative and are not indicative of quantity or mortality. Thus, the presence of a species in the lists does not imply that it is caught in significant quantities, or that individuals that are caught necessarily die. Skates and rays Scientific names Common name Code LL GILL PS BB HARP TRAP OTHER Dasyatis centroura Roughtail stingray RDC X Dasyatis violacea Pelagic stingray PLS X X X X Manta birostris Manta ray RMB X X X Mobula hypostoma RMH X Mobula lucasana X Mobula mobular Devil ray RMM X X X X X Myliobatis aquila Common eagle ray MYL X X Pteuromylaeus bovinus Bull ray MPO X X Raja fullonica Shagreen ray RJF X Raja straeleni Spotted skate RFL X Rhinoptera spp Cownose ray X Torpedo nobiliana Torpedo
    [Show full text]
  • Sharks and Rays
    SHARKS AND RAYS Photo by: © Jim Abernethy Transboundary Species - Content ... 31 32 33 34 35 ... Overview As stated in the previous section, the establishment of the Yarari fishing for sharks in the Netherlands and places new pressure on Marine Mammal and Shark Sanctuary was an important step fishermen to implement new techniques and updated fishing gear in protecting the shark and ray species of the Dutch Caribbean. to avoid accidentally catching sharks and rays as bycatch. Overall, there is a significant lack of information concerning these vital species within Dutch Caribbean waters. Fortunately, this There are several different international treaties and legisla- trend is changing and in the last few years there has been a push tion which offer protection to these species. This includes the to increase research, filling in the historic knowledge gap. Sharks Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), and rays are difficult species to protect as they tend to have long the Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife (SPAW) protocol and reproduction cycles, varying between 3 and 30 years, small litters, the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS). Scientists are just which means they do not recover quickly when overfished and can beginning to uncover the complexities of managing conservation travel over great distances which makes them difficult to track. efforts for these species, as they often have long migration routes which put them in danger if international waters are not managed Early in 2019, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality and protected equally. (LNV) published a strategy document to manage and protect sharks and rays within waters the Netherlands influences (this There are more than thirty different species of sharks and includes the North Sea, Dutch Caribbean and other international rays which are known to inhabit the waters around the Dutch waters).
    [Show full text]
  • First Inland Record of Bull Shark Carcharhinus Leucas (Müller & Henle, 1839) (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) in Celebes, Indonesia
    Ecologica Montenegrina 38: 12-17 (2020) This journal is available online at: www.biotaxa.org/em http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2020.38.3 First inland record of Bull shark Carcharhinus leucas (Müller & Henle, 1839) (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) in Celebes, Indonesia VERYL HASAN1,* & IZZUL ISLAM2 1Universitas Airlangga, Fisheries and Marine Faculty, Fish Health Management and Aquaculture Department, Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno street, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia. 2Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa, Biotechnology Faculty, Biotechnology Department, Olat Maras Street, Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara 84371, Indonesia *Corresponding author [[email protected]] Received 25 October 2020 │ Accepted by V. Pešić: 24 November 2020 │ Published online 26 November 2020. Abstract A single specimen (c. 86.2 cm) juvenile of Bull shark Carcharhinus leucas (Müller & Henle, 1839) was captured and photographed by local fisherman using a casting net on 13 February 2018 in Pangkajene River, about 16 km inland, Pangkajene District, South Celebes, Indonesia. This finding is considered as a first inland record of C. leucas in Celebes, and fourth inland records in Indonesia after Papua, Sumatra and Borneo. Monitoring is needed to asses the possibility of Celebes as a migration route and breeding ground of C. leucas. Key words: Biogeography, distribution, elasmobranch, freshwaters, requiem sharks. Introduction The Bull shark Carcharhinus leucas (Müller & Henle, 1839) is one of the few sharks that are truly euryhaline and is a common species that occurs in marine and coastal riverine environments and is wide- spread along the continental coast of all tropical and subtropical seas as well as numerous rivers, lakes, and estuaries (Compagno et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Elasmobranch Biodiversity, Conservation and Management Proceedings of the International Seminar and Workshop, Sabah, Malaysia, July 1997
    The IUCN Species Survival Commission Elasmobranch Biodiversity, Conservation and Management Proceedings of the International Seminar and Workshop, Sabah, Malaysia, July 1997 Edited by Sarah L. Fowler, Tim M. Reed and Frances A. Dipper Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 25 IUCN The World Conservation Union Donors to the SSC Conservation Communications Programme and Elasmobranch Biodiversity, Conservation and Management: Proceedings of the International Seminar and Workshop, Sabah, Malaysia, July 1997 The IUCN/Species Survival Commission is committed to communicate important species conservation information to natural resource managers, decision-makers and others whose actions affect the conservation of biodiversity. The SSC's Action Plans, Occasional Papers, newsletter Species and other publications are supported by a wide variety of generous donors including: The Sultanate of Oman established the Peter Scott IUCN/SSC Action Plan Fund in 1990. The Fund supports Action Plan development and implementation. To date, more than 80 grants have been made from the Fund to SSC Specialist Groups. The SSC is grateful to the Sultanate of Oman for its confidence in and support for species conservation worldwide. The Council of Agriculture (COA), Taiwan has awarded major grants to the SSC's Wildlife Trade Programme and Conservation Communications Programme. This support has enabled SSC to continue its valuable technical advisory service to the Parties to CITES as well as to the larger global conservation community. Among other responsibilities, the COA is in charge of matters concerning the designation and management of nature reserves, conservation of wildlife and their habitats, conservation of natural landscapes, coordination of law enforcement efforts as well as promotion of conservation education, research and international cooperation.
    [Show full text]
  • Serum Protein Variation in the Bull Shark, Carcharhinus Leucas Müller and Henle, 1841
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Investigations of the Ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan Lakes Papers in the Biological Sciences 1976 Serum Protein Variation in the Bull Shark, Carcharhinus Leucas Müller and Henle, 1841 C. Michael Cowan Associated Environmental Services Corp. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ichthynicar Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons Cowan, C. Michael, "Serum Protein Variation in the Bull Shark, Carcharhinus Leucas Müller and Henle, 1841" (1976). Investigations of the Ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan Lakes. 45. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ichthynicar/45 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Investigations of the Ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan Lakes by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in INVESTIGATIONS OF THE ICHTHYOFAUNA OF NICARAGUAN LAKES, ed. Thomas B. Thorson (University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1976). Copyright © 1976 School of Life Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Int. J. Biochem., 1971,2,691-696. [Scientechnica (Publishers) Ltd.] 69 1 SERUM PROTEIN VARIATION IN THE BULL SHARK, CARCHARHINUS LEUCAS MULLER AND HENLE, 1841* C. MICHAEL COWAN Nebraska Wesleyan University, Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S.A. (Received 23 June, 1971) ABSTRACT I. A detailed electrophoretic study was made of different developmental stages of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas Milller and Henle, 1841. 2. Both qualitative and quantitative variations were found to exist between newborn and adult bull sharks. 3. Variations in the globulin portion may be related to the development of immuno­ globulins.
    [Show full text]
  • Feeding Habits of Blacktip Sharks, Carcharhinus Limbatus, and Atlantic
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2002 Feeding habits of blacktip sharks, Carcharhinus limbatus, and Atlantic sharpnose sharks, Rhizoprionodon terraenovae, in Louisiana coastal waters Kevin Patrick Barry Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Recommended Citation Barry, Kevin Patrick, "Feeding habits of blacktip sharks, Carcharhinus limbatus, and Atlantic sharpnose sharks, Rhizoprionodon terraenovae, in Louisiana coastal waters" (2002). LSU Master's Theses. 66. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/66 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FEEDING HABITS OF BLACKTIP SHARKS, CARCHARHINUS LIMBATUS, AND ATLANTIC SHARPNOSE SHARKS, RHIZOPRIONODON TERRAENOVAE, IN LOUISIANA COASTAL WATERS A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Science in The Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences by Kevin P. Barry B.S., University of South Alabama, 1996 August 2002 AKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to first and foremost thank my major professor, Dr. Richard Condrey, for giving me the opportunity to pursue this graduate degree. His willingness to accompany me during sampling trips, his enthusiasm and interest in my research topic, and his guidance throughout my time here has forged more than a major professor/graduate student relationship; it has formed a friendship as well.
    [Show full text]
  • Snakes, Centipedes, Snakepedes, and Centiserpents: Conflation of Liminal Species in Maya Iconography and Ethnozoology
    f No. 9, 2004 WAYEB NOTES ISSN 1379-8286 SNAKES, CENTIPEDES, SNAKEPEDES, AND CENTISERPENTS: CONFLATION OF LIMINAL SPECIES IN MAYA ICONOGRAPHY AND ETHNOZOOLOGY. (Workshop Closing Paper Presented at the XXIVth Linda Schele Forum on Maya Hieroglyphic Writing at the University of Texas at Austin, March 2000) Harri Kettunen1 and Bon V. Davis II2 1 University of Helsinki 2 University of Texas at Austin Abstract Since the identification of centipedes in the Maya hieroglyphic corpus and iconography in 1994 by Nikolai Grube and Werner Nahm (Grube & Nahm 1994: 702), epigraphers and iconographers alike have debated whether the serpentine creatures in Maya iconography depict imaginative snakes or centipedes. In this paper we argue that most serpentine creatures with unrealistically depicted heads are neither snakes nor centipedes, but a conflation of both, and even have characteristics of other animals, such as sharks and crocodiles. Thus these creatures should more aptly be designated as zoomorphs, monsters, centiserpents, or dragons. In the present article the topic will be examined using iconographic, epigraphic, zoological, and ethozoological data. Acknowledgements We would like to express our thanks to Justin Kerr for directing the Workshop on Maya ceramics at the XXIVth Maya Meeting in Austin. We would also like to thank Justin for making available hundreds of roll-out photographs of Maya ceramics and for offering us his insights on Maya iconography. Furthermore, we would like to thank Nancy Elder, the head librarian of the Biological Sciences Library at the University of Texas at Austin for providing us numerous articles relating to our topic and for directing us to relevant sources during our research on centipedes.
    [Show full text]
  • States' Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Laws Hunting, Fishing, and Wildlife
    University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture An Agricultural Law Research Project States’ Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Laws Hunting, Fishing, and Wildlife Florida www.NationalAgLawCenter.org States’ Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Laws Hunting, Fishing, and Wildlife STATE OF FLORIDA 68B-44.002 FAC Current through March 28, 2020 68B-44.002 FAC Definitions As used in this rule chapter: (1) “Finned” means one or more fins, including the caudal fin (tail), are no longer naturally attached to the body of the shark. A shark with fins naturally attached, either wholly or partially, is not considered finned. (2) “Shark” means any species of the orders Carcharhiniformes, Lamniformes, Hexanchiformes, Orectolobiformes, Pristiophoriformes, Squaliformes, Squatiniformes, including but not limited to any of the following species or any part thereof: (a) Large coastal species: 1. Blacktip shark -- (Carcharhinus limbatus). 2. Bull shark -- (Carcharhinus leucas). 3. Nurse shark -- (Ginglymostoma cirratum). 4. Spinner shark -- (Carcharhinus brevipinna). (b) Small coastal species: 1. Atlantic sharpnose shark -- (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae). 2. Blacknose shark -- (Carcharhinus acronotus). 3. Bonnethead -- (Sphyrna tiburo). 4. Finetooth shark -- (Carcharhinus isodon). (c) Pelagic species: 1. Blue shark -- (Prionace glauca). 2. Oceanic whitetip shark -- (Carcharhinus longimanus). 3. Porbeagle shark -- (Lamna nasus). 4. Shortfin mako -- (Isurus oxyrinchus). 5. Thresher shark -- (Alopias vulpinus). (d) Smoothhound sharks: 1. Smooth dogfish -- (Mustelus canis). 2. Florida smoothhound (Mustelus norrisi). 3. Gulf smoothhound (Mustelus sinusmexicanus). (e) Atlantic angel shark (Squatina dumeril). (f) Basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus). (g) Bigeye sand tiger (Odontaspis noronhai). (h) Bigeye sixgill shark (Hexanchus nakamurai). (i) Bigeye thresher (Alopias superciliosus). (j) Bignose shark (Carcharhinus altimus). (k) Bluntnose sixgill shark (Hexanchus griseus). (l) Caribbean reef shark (Carcharhinus perezii).
    [Show full text]
  • Common Sharks of the Northern Gulf of Mexico So You Caught a Sand Shark?
    Common Sharks of the Northern Gulf of Mexico So you caught a sand shark? Estuaries are ecosystems where fresh and saltwater meet The northern Gulf of Mexico is home to several shark and mix. Estuaries provide nursery grounds for a wide species. A few of these species very closely resemble variety of invertebrate species such as oysters, shrimp, one another and are commonly referred to as and blue crabs along finfishes including croaker, red “sand sharks.” drum, spotted seatrout, tarpon, menhaden, flounder and many others. This infographic will help you quickly differentiate between the different “sand sharks” and also help you Because of this abundance, larger animals patrol coastal identify a few common offshore species. Gulf waters for food. Among these predators are a number of shark species. Sharpnose (3.5 ft) Blacknose (4ft) Finetooth (4ft) Blacktip (5ft) Maximum size of Human (avg. 5.5ft) . the coastal Spinner (6ft) sharks are Bull (8ft) depicted in scale Silky (9ft) Scalloped Hammerhead (10ft) Great Hammerhead (13ft) Maximum Adult Size Adult Maximum Tiger (15ft) 5 ft 10 ft 15 ft Blacktip shark Atlantic sharpnose shark Carcharhinus limbatus Rhizoprionodon terraenovae Spinner shark Easy ID: White “freckles” on the body Easy ID: Pointed snout, anal fin lacks a black tip Carcharhinus brevipinna Finetooth shark Blacknose shark Carcharhinus isodon Carcharhinus acronotus Easy ID: Black tip on anal fin present Easy ID: Distinct lack of black markings on fins, extremely pointed snout Easy ID: Distinct black smudge on the tip of the snout,
    [Show full text]
  • Multi-Year Movements of Adult and Subadult Bull Sharks (Carcharhinus Leucas): Philopatry, Connectivity, and Environmental Influences
    Aquat Ecol https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-021-09845-6 (0123456789().,-volV)( 0123456789().,-volV) Multi-year movements of adult and subadult bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas): philopatry, connectivity, and environmental influences Mitchell J. Rider . Laura H. McDonnell . Neil Hammerschlag Received: 9 December 2020 / Accepted: 20 February 2021 Ó The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2021 Abstract Understanding the movement ecology of Biscayne Bay during the colder dry season (November marine species is important for conservation manage- to February) and lower residencies during the warmer ment and monitoring their responses to environmental wet season (June to October). These seasonal patterns change. In this study, adult and subadult bull sharks were supported by catch data from long-term fishery- (Carcharhinus leucas; n = 16) were acoustically independent shark surveys in the study area. During tagged in Biscayne Bay, Florida (USA), where they summer months when residencies of C. leucas were tracked locally via an array of 40 passive acoustic declined in Biscayne Bay, their residencies increased receivers, as well as regionally via cooperative in other regions (e.g., Florida Gulf Coast), demon- acoustic telemetry networks, with individuals tracked strative of seasonal migrations. Connectivity between up to 4.5 years. Detection data were used to assess areas of high use (Biscayne Bay and Florida Gulf philopatry, regional connectivity, and environmental Coast) was demonstrated by some individuals travel- correlates of shark habitat use. Spatial range varied per ing between these areas. Results from generalized individual; however, most individuals displayed high additive mixed models suggest that these movement residency to Biscayne Bay, exhibiting strong philopa- patterns could be partially driven by seasonal changes tric behavior to the tagging area.
    [Show full text]
  • 251 Part 640—Spiny Lobster Fishery of the Gulf Of
    Fishery Conservation and Management Pt. 640 of an application for an ILAP or an ap- Sevengill, Heptranchias perlo peal of NMFS's denial of an initial lim- Sixgill, Hexanchus griseus ited access permit for swordfish. Smalltail, Carcharhinus porosus (12) Falsify information submitted Whale, Rhincodon typus White, Carcharodon carcharias under § 635.46(b) in support of entry of imported swordfish. TABLE 2 OF APPENDIX A TO PART 635± (13) Exceed the incidental catch re- DEEPWATER/OTHER SHARK SPECIES tention limits specified at § 635.24(b). Blotched catshark, Scyliorhinus meadi [64 FR 29135, May 28, 1999, as amended at 64 Broadgill catshark, Apristurus riveri FR 37705, July 13, 1999; 65 FR 42887, July 12, Chain dogfish, Scyliorhinus retifer Deepwater catshark, Apristurus profundorum 2000; 65 FR 47238, Aug. 1, 2000] Dwarf catshark, Scyliorhinus torrei Iceland catshark, Apristurus laurussoni APPENDIX A TO PART 635ÐSPECIES Marbled catshark, Galeus arae TABLES Smallfin catshark, Apristurus parvipinnis TABLE 1 OF APPENDIX A TO PART 635±OCEANIC Bigtooth cookiecutter, Isistius plutodus Blainville's dogfish, Squalus blainvillei SHARKS Bramble shark, Echinorhinus brucus A. Large coastal sharks: Broadband dogfish, Etmopterus gracilispinnis Caribbean lanternshark, Etmopterus hillianus 1. Ridgeback sharks: Cookiecutter shark, Isistius brasiliensis Sandbar, Carcharhinus plumbeus Cuban dogfish, Squalus cubensis Silky, Carcharhinus falciformis Flatnose gulper shark, Deania profundorum Tiger, Galeocerdo cuvieri Fringefin lanternshark, Etmopterus schultzi Great
    [Show full text]