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Report on Regional Workshop on Chainsaw Milling, Ghana “Developing alternatives for illegal chainsaw lumbering through multi-stakeholder dialogue in Ghana and Guyana” European Commission programme on Tropical Forests and other Forests in Developing Countries Report on Regional Workshop on Chainsaw Milling, Ghana By James Parker, Jane Aggrey & Mercy Owusu Ansah Tropenbos International Ghana P.O. Box UP 982 Kumasi, Ghana Tel. +2339(0)51 60310 July 2009 “The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of the author and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union” “The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Tropenbos International” CONTENTS PAGE LIST OF TABLESLIST OF PLATES ..................................................................................................... iv ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................................... vi SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................ vii 1.0 INTRODUCTION TO THE WORKSHOP ......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Workshop Objectives .................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Workshop Methods ....................................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Expected Outputs ......................................................................................................................... 2 1.5 Workshop Attendance ................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Chairman‘s Remarks .................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Welcome Address ......................................................................................................................... 3 3.0 Country reports presentation ............................................................................................................ 5 3.1 Chiansaw logging in Liberia: A country report .............................................................................. 5 3.2 The Significance of chainsaw lumbering in Kenya ....................................................................16 3.3 Chainsaw lumbering in Nigeria: Challenges and prospects ...................................................... 30 3.4 The state of chainsaw milling in Uganda‘s timber industry ......................................................... 43 3.5 The timber domestic sector in Cameroun: Prelimnary analysis and issues .............................. 51 3.6 Chainsaw milling in Ghana ......................................................................................................... 61 3.7 Chainsaw milling in Guyana ......................................................................................................70. 4.0 Group discussions ...................................................................................................................... 77 4.1 Group one ................................................................................................................................. 78 4.2 Group two ................................................................................................................................. 79 4.3 Group three ................................................................................................................................ 80 5.0 Closing .......................................................................................................................................... 85 5.1 Keynote Address ......................................................................................................................... 85 5.2 Chairman‘s closing remarks........................................................................................................ 87 ANNEXES ............................................................................................................................................. 89 ii LIST OF TABLES PAGE Table 3.1.1: Heritiera Utilis Regeneration in Two Logged Forest Plots in 11 Gbarpolu (Source: Blackett et al., 2009). Table 3.1.2: Tetraberlinia tubmaniana Regeneration in Two Logged Forest 11 Plots in Gbarpolu (Souce: Blackett et al., 2009). Table 3.1.3: Common Responses from Communities about Environmental 13 Concerns (Source: Blackett et al., 2009) Table 3.1.4: Reported areas of conflict (Source: Blackett et al., 2009) 14 Table 3.2.1: Number of saw mills in Kenya from 1913 – 1994 19 (Source: MNR Annual Reports, 1964-1999) Table 3.3.1: Nigerian Forests: Key Statistics (Sources: Synthesized from FAO, 2001a; FAO, 30 2001b; MBroadhead et al., 2000; FAO, 2002; UN, 2003; World Bank, 2002). Table 3.3.2: Distribution of Ownership of Chainsaw Operating Plants 33 Table 3.3.3: Distribution of Use of Foremen 34 Table 3.3.4: Distribution of Opinions on Felling in Areas that have been previously 37 logged Table 3.3.5: Distribution of Opinions on Felling of Seed Trees for Natural Regeneration 37 Table 3.3.6: Price Differentials of Sawmill and chainsawn planks in a Nigerian plank market 39 2006 & 2009. Table3.4.1: Forest types and their ownership in Uganda (Source: Adapted from National 42 Forest Plan, 2002) Table 3.4.2: Categories of timber producers [Source: NFA and FID, 2007; Licensed 45 timber producers] Table 3.5.1. Cities and markets' sample 53 Table 3.6.1: 1 Key facts about forestry in Ghana 61 Table 3.6.2: Employment, production volumes and revenues of chainsaw 62 milling in Ghana Table 3.6.3: Operators‘ willingness to pay for trees 65 Table 3.6.4: Comparison of recovery efficiencies 65 Table 3.7.1: Key facts about forestry in Guyana 71 iii LIST OF FIGURES PAGE Figure 3.1.1: Impact of Chainsaw Logging on Forest Structure Dominated by 10 Heritiera utilis Figure 3.1.2: Impact of Chainsaw Logging on Forest Structure Dominated by 10 Tetraberlinia tubmaniana „ Figure 3.3.1 Map of Nigeria 32 Figure 3.3.2: Percentage Distribution of Lumber Porters' Income in Nigeria 35 Figure 3.3.3: Percentage Distribution of Income of Lumber Loaders in Nigeria 35 Figure 3.3.4: Percentage Distribution of Opinions on the Most Important Source 36 of Trees for Chainsaw Operation Figure 3.3.5 Factors affecting value capture in forestry and chainsaw lumbering 38 Figure 3.4.1: Age structure of plantations in Uganda (Amumpe, 2008) 43 Figure 3.4.2: Forest Cover in Uganda (Kazoola, 2007) 43 Figure 3.4.3 Demand and supply of forest products (Source: MWLE, 2002) 44 Figure 3.4.4 Timber value and volume output (Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2008) 45 Figure 3.5.1 Official timber production (1995-2007) 52 Figure 3.5.2 Official timber exports (1995-2008) 52 Figure 3.5.3: Effect of seasonality on timber sales 56 Figure 3.5.4: Sold species (percentage of total sales) 56 Figure 3.5.5: Net benefits and costs per type of informal marketing 58 Figure 3.6.1: Distribution of chainsaw revenue 63 Figure 3.6.2: Economic contribution of chainsaw lumber production to rural economies 64 Figure 3.7.1 Chainsaw lumber production 73 LIST OF PLATES Plate 1 Forest clearing for agricultural activities 17 Plate 2 Chainsawing 22 Plate 3 Large slabs for re-sawing 22 Plate 4 Re-sawing Bench 25 Plate 5 Chainsaw with sawing attachments 25 Plate 6 Hands on the new sawing technology in Kirinyaga District among many other areas 40 Plate 7: CSM in progress in a Nigeria-Cameroon border community 40 Plate 8: Chainsawn Planks at a Landing ready for evacuation to the market 40 Plate 9: Chainsawn plank evacuation by truck in Osun State, Nigeria 40 Plate 10: Chainsawn Plank Dealer‘s stand 40 iv ACRONYMS AAC Annual Allowable Cut CFA Community Forest Association CFMA Community Forest Management Association CSL Chainsaw Lumbering CSM Chainsaw Milling DBH Diameter at Breast Height DFS District Forest Service DOLTA Domestic Lumber Traders Association ETFRN European Tropical Forest Research Network EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation FC Forestry Commission FD Forestry Department FDA Forest Development Authority FDF Federal Department of Forestry FITC Forestry Industry Training Centre FID Forest Inspection Division FLEGT Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade FMC Forest Management Contract FORIG Forestry Research Institute of Ghana FRMCP Forest Resources Management and Conservation Programme FSD Forest Service Division FTCI Forestry Training Centre Incorporated GFC Guyana Forestry Commission GTMO Ghana Timber Millers Organisation ICDC Investment Credit Development Corporation Iwokrama Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development KEFRI Kenya Forestry Research Institute KFS Kenya Forest Service KIFCON Kenya Indigenous Forest Conservation Programme KWS Kenya Wildlife Service LCDS Low-Carbon Development Strategy MFW Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife MLG Ministry of Local Government MTS Modified taungya system NFA National Forestry Authority NPFD Non-Permanent Forest Domain PFD Permanent Forest Domain PFE Permanent
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