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Bulletin D'actualité Espace N°19-28

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Bulletin D'actualité Espace N°19-28 Bulletin d’actualité Espace n°19-28 Bulletin d’actualité Espace précédentBulletin d’actualité Espace suivant Bulletin d’actualité rédigé par le Bureau du CNES à Washington D.C. (Amaury Carbonnaux, Edouard Lallouette, Norbert Paluch) Liens utiles Pour consulter le présent bulletin d’actualité sous format PDF, cliquez ici. Pour consulter le présent bulletin d’actualité en ligne, cliquez ici. Pour consulter tous les bulletins d’actualité, toutes les notes, toutes les actualités et l’agenda du Service Spatial aux Etats-Unis, cliquez ici. Personalia L’Administrateur de la NASA nomme George Morrow Directeur du Goddard Space Flight Center Space Policy Online, 31 juillet 2019 Space Flight Insider, 1er août 2019 George Morrow remplace Chris Scolese, dont la nomination à la tête duNational Reconnaissance Office a été confirmée par le Sénat le 27 juin. Politique Le Sénateur Mike Enzi (républicain, Wyoming) inquiet des dérives budgétaires et calendaires de plusieurs programmes de la NASA Space News, 3 août 2019 S’appuyant sur plusieurs rapports du GAO (Government Accountability Office) et de l’OIG (Office of Inspector General de la NASA), le Président de la commission budgétaire du Sénat a adressé le 1er août un courrier à l’Administrateur de la NASA dans lequel il l’interroge sur les perspectives calendaires et budgétaires de JSWT, de la mission Artemis 2, d’Orion, du SLS et du segment sol associé, ainsi que sur les procédures d’acquisition et de contrôle de la bonne exécution des contrats passés par l’agence (réponse écrite demandée pour le 14 août). International Les Etats-Unis et le Japon ont tenu le 24 juin à Washington leur sixième dialogue global sur l’espace Communiqué de presse conjoint, 24 juillet 2019 L’ESA s’intéresse aux données fournies par Planet et Spire Cf. Observation de la Terre Spaceflight Industries confirme son intérêt pour les lanceurs indiens Parabolic Arc, 6 août 2019 Spaceflight Industries a annoncé qu’elle serait le premier client du nouveau lanceur indien SSLV (Small Satellite Launch Vehicle) pour une mission dans le courant de l’année (lancement de satellites d’une constellation américaine dont l’identité n’a pas été rendue publique). Point de contact unique du client, la société se chargera de la planification la mission et de l’intégration pour le lancement. Cette mission fera suite au lancement de Spaceflight Industries avec le lanceur PSLV-C45 indien (21 charges utiles) enavril 2019, ainsi qu’aux missions GTO-1 (alunisseur Beresheet) en février 2019 et SSO-A (64 petits satellites) en décembre 2018. A ce jour, Spaceflight Industries a négocié le lancement de 270 satellites et prévoit une dizaine de missions en 2019 pour le lancement de près de 100 charges utiles sur un large éventail de lanceurs tels que Falcon 9, Antares, Electron, Vega, Soyouz, LauncherOne, PSLV ou SSLV. Sécurité et Défense NSSL : augmentation de 4,1 Md$ du coût à achèvement depuis décembre 2018 Space News, 1er août 2019 Le document Selected Acquisition Reports (SAR) du Département de la Défense indique que le coût total (dépenses actées et planifiées) sur toute la durée du programme National Security Space Launch (NSSL) a crû de 7,2 %, atteignant un montant de 61,3 Md$. Cette hausse est principalement imputable aux investissements des sociétés de lancement privées et aux 19 commandes de lancements supplémentaires (179 lancements désormais envisagés). L’U.S. Air Force presse le Congrès de réorienter 160 M$ pour le programme Next-Gen OPIR Space News, 29 juillet 2019 L’U.S. Air Force souhaite traduire l’accord de principe du Congrès d’une réaffectation de fonds au profit du système satellitaire anti-missiles Next-Generation Overhead Persistent Infrared (Next-Gen OPIR) par un transfert de 67,5 M$ et 93,2 M$ respectivement non-utilisés en 2018 et 2019 (à noter que l’U.S. Air Force avait précédemment requis sans succès un montant de 632 M$). Comme l’Exécutif mi-juillet, l’U.S. Air Force souligne que la livraison des cinq satellites (initialement prévue pour 2023) a déjà été repoussée à 2025 et qu’un refus du Congrès entraînerait un délai supplémentaire dansla mise en œuvre du programme. Succès du lancement du satellite de communication militaire AEHF-5 Cf. Lancements Complément de lecture → Space News du 31 juillet : Analysts : ’Space Defense Force’ would be a better name, Space Development Agency will not survive. Lancements Succès de la mission CRS-18 de SpaceX Spaceflight Now, Space Policy Online, 25 juillet 2019 Le 25 juillet 2019, un Falcon 9 Block 5 emportant une capsule Dragon 1 a décollé depuis le Kennedy Space Center pour rejoindre la Station spatiale internationale avec à son bord 2 312 kg de fret (dont 1 192 kg de matériel scientifique, 534 kg pour un nouveau système d’amarrage [IDA-3], 233 kg d’approvisionnement pour l’équipage, 179 kg pour une combinaison spatiale). Le Dragon devrait retourner sur Terre fin août. Il s’agissait du 73ème lancement d’un Falcon 9. Le premier étage, déjà utilisé il y a deux mois, a été récupéré (44ème succès de cette opération). Charges utiles emportées : IDA-3 (3rd International Docking Adapter) de Boeing, construit à partir des unités de rechange d’IDA-1 et 2 pour 9 M$, doit permettre l’amarrage du Crew Dragon de SpaceX et du Starliner de Boeing (IDA-1 a été détruit lors de l’échec de SpaceX au décollage de son lanceur en 2015, IDA-2 a été installé sur l’ISS en 2016 et a accueilli son premierCrew Dragon en mars 2019) ; un équipement pour mener l’expérience RR-17 (Rodent Research) d’un mois avec 40 souris, dont la moitié sera renvoyée sur Terre avec le Dragon pour examiner les conséquences des vols spatiaux sur les organismes vivants complexes tandis que l’autre moitié restera en orbite pour une plus longue exposition à la microgravité ; une combinaison spatiale pour des sorties extravéhiculaires ; le dispositif 3D BioFabrication de Techshot pour tester l’impression de tissus humains légers en microgravité ; un équipement de Goodyear Tire et Rubber Co. pour étudier la formation de mastic de silice afin d’améliorer sa conception et accroître la performance des pneus ; un équipement d’une équipe japonaise pour mener des tests de croissance de mousse dans l’espace afin de comparer le développement de la plante dans l’espace et sur Terre dans l’optique de l’utiliser comme source d’oxygène et/ou de nourriture lors de futures missions sur la Lune ou Mars ; un équipement de Magnitude.io pour mener des études sur les effets de la microgravité sur la fixation microbienne de l’azote avec deux types de bactéries terrestres souterraines ; deux équipements de Bionetics et Dover Lifesciences ainsi que de l’Université de Tolède pour mener des tests sur les cristaux de protéines en microgravité destinés à produire des cristaux de trois protéines plus gros et de meilleure qualité que ceux existants sur Terre, les rendant plus faciles à étudier pour des recherches sur l’obésité et le cancer ; un équipement de l’université de San Diego pour mener des tests sur le cerveau humain en microgravité destinés à aider à la compréhension de son bon fonctionnement lors de missions longues ; un équipement de Nickelodeon destiné à réaliser un programme éducatif de sensibilisation du grand public sur l’intérêt des vols habités. Certifiée pour trois vols, la capsule Dragon 1 employée lors de cette expédition avait déjà effectué les missions CRS-6 et 13 et est ainsi devenue la première capsule utilisée trois fois pour ravitailler l’ISS. Deux autres capsules Dragon 1 devraient égaler ce record lors des missions CRS-19 et 20. Par la suite, la capsule Dragon 2 (certifiée pour cinq vols) devrait prendre le relai dans l’année pour acheminer fret et équipages vers l’ISS. SpaceX lance avec succès le satellite Amos-17 Space News, 6 août 2019 Space, 7 août 2019 Le 6 août 2019, un Falcon 9 a placé en orbite de transfert géostationnaire le satellite israélien de Spacecom Amos-17 construit par Boeing (6 500 kg) après avoir décollé depuis Cap Canaveral (Floride). La société n’a pas tenté la récupération du premier étage du lanceur (déjà utilisé deux fois dans le cadre du lancement des satellites Telstar-19 Vantage en juillet 2018 et Es’hail-2 en novembre 2018) du fait du profil de la mission. Une demi-coiffe du lanceur a pu être récupérée (deuxième fois que cette opération est couronnée de succès, vidéo). Ce lancement était la dixième mission de SpaceX en 2019. Pour mémoire, le satellite Amos-6 de Spacecom avait été détruit lors de l’explosion du Falcon 9 qui devait le placer en orbite le 1er septembre 2016. Succès du lancement du satellite de communication militaire AEHF-5 Satnews, 7 août 2019 Parabolic Arc, Space News [1] [2], 8 août 2019 Le 8 août 2019, un Atlas V emportant leème 5 satellite de communication militaire Advanced Extremely High Frequency (AEHF-5) de 6 500 kg de l’U.S. Air Force (ainsi qu’un cubesat expérimental pour tester des technologies de suivi de débris en orbite) a décollé depuis Cap Canaveral. Pour mémoire, cette série de satellites développée par Lockheed Martin fournit des communications protégées sur l’ensemble du globe à des centres de commandement militaires ainsi qu’à des unités combattantes tactiques de quatre Etats : Etats-Unis, Canada, Pays-Bas et Royaume-Uni. Lancements à venir Date Mission Orbite Lanceur Compagnie Site 19 34 ou 36 satellites Soyouz Pesetsk LEO Roscosmos août OneWeb 2.1a/Fregat-M (Russie) Cap 22 Satellite GPS III Delta IV MEO ULA Canaveral août SV02 Medium+ (4,2) (USA) Satellite Breizh Recon Orbiter (BRO-1) Mahia LC-1 Août Satellite Global 4 de LEO Electron Rocket Lab (N-Z) BlackSky 2 satellites expérimentaux Lanceurs Audition de la Chambre du 25 juillet : le projet de simplification de la réglementation en matière de lancement sur la sellette Space Policy Online, 25 juillet 2019 Space News, 29 juillet 2019 Space News, 3 août 2019 Parabolic Arc, 8 août 2019 La commission Aéronautique et Espace de la Commission Science, Espace et Technologie de la Chambre a tenu le 25 juillet une audition intitulée The« Commercial Space Landscape : Innovation, Market, and Policy » avec comme grands témoins : Dr.
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