Desert Magazine 1946
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25 CENTS Joshua Tree National Monument Twentynine Palms, California By JERRY ANSON In the March photographic contest, Camping on the Desert, first prize of $10 was awarded Jerry Anson, Los Angeles, California. Photo taken at 9 a. m., exposure 1/100 sec. at f22. IZieahjjG.lt By W. FORD LEHMAN This camping scene taken at Gal- way Dry Lake by W. Ford Lehman, San Diego, California, won second prize of $5 in the March contest. Taken with Kodak Monitor camera, Super XX film, K2 filter. 1/50 sec. at fl6, 7:30 a. m. May Contest is open to any desert subject suitable for Desert Magazine covers. Special awards are: $15 for first prize winner, $10 for second place, and $5 for each photo accept- ed for publication. See rules else- where in this issue. THE DESERT MAGAZINE DESERT « What is probably one of the most significant projects in the history of Western Indians is in its first stages iilong the lower Colorado river near Par- ker, Arizona. Last September, 24 Hopi families moved from their barren mesa homes in northern Arizona to establish what is hoped will be the nucleus of a much greater colony of Hopi and other Volume 9 MAY, 1946 Number 7 Indian tribes who are finding it impos- sible to produce sufficient food in their traditional homelands. Dama Langley COVER PALM CANYON, near Palm Springs, California. <;oon will report to DESERT readers the progress they have made to date. Photo by Hubert A. Lowman, Southgate, California. • Richard Van Valkenburgh is not con- PHOTOGRAPHY Prize winning photos in March contest .... 2 fining his interest these days to arche- ology and Indian lore. At Tucson he is CLOSE-UPS Notes on Desert features and contributors ... 3 editing The Arizona Nightingale, lively tabloid about people and things in south- WEAVING ART Craftsman or Wage Earner—The Navajo Must ern Arizona. There's a little bit of verse, n lot of humor, sprinkled with history, Choose, by DAMA LANGLEY 4 travel notes and miscellaneous news in TRUE OF FALSE A test of your desert knowledge 9 the personal Western style. FIELD TRIP Rare Gemstone of the Ancients " Lon Garrison, who wrote Hard Rock By JOHN HILTON 10 Jihorty yarns in DESERT several years snd for whom various writers have been HUMOR Hard Rock Shorty of Death Valley 12 pinch hitting, took up his new duties February 20 as assistant to Superinten- BIOLOGY Pest of the Range, by HARRY S. SMITH . .13 dent Harold C. Bryant, at Grand Canyon national park. He transferred from assis- PERSONALITY Benson's Val Kimbrough tant superintendent position at Glacier By MARY MARGARET HUNTINGTON . .14 national park. Previously he had served at Sequoia and Yosemite national parks, HISTORY When Hawaiians Came to the Utah Desert Hopewell Village national historic site. By CHARLES KELLY 17 He is a native of Iowa, a graduate of Stanford and has taught school in Alas- POETRY Old Man of the Mojave, and other poems ... 20 ka. Lon is a free lance writer for outdoor publications. ART OF LIVING Desert Refuge, by MARSHAL SOUTH . .21 OASIS By Jalopy Through the 'Sweepings of the World' By RANDALL HENDERSON 23 DESERT CALENDAR WILDFLOWERS Notes on May Bloom 28 May 1—Annual Green Corn Indian fes- BOTANY Country Cousins of the Dandelions tival, San Felipe Pueblo, New Mex- By MARY BEAL 29 ico. May 3—Green Corn ceremonial, Taos LETTERS Comment from Desert readers 30 Pueblo, New Mexico. NEWS Here and There on the Desert 31 May 4—Pioneer May Day, Twentynine Palms, California. Parade, "mid- HOBBY Gems and Minerals way," barbecue, horse events, enter- tainment. —Edited by ARTHUR L. EATON 37 May 4-5—Food Fair, Shrine auditorium, MINING Current news briefs 44 Phoenix, Arizona. May 4-5—Ramona Outdoor play, Hemet, CRAFT Amateur Gem Cutter, by LELANDE QUICK ... 45 California. Starts 2:45 p. m. (First COMMENT Just Between You and Me, by the Editor .... 46 performances, April 27-28; last weekend, May 11-12.) BOOKS Pueblo Indian World, and other reviews .... 47 May 4-June 28—Fifth annual exhibition The Desert Magazine is published monthly by the Desert Publishing Company, 636 State Street, El Centro, California. Entered as second class matter October 11, 1937, at the of gems and jewelry made by mem- post office at El Centro, California, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Title registered No. bers of Los Angeles lapidary society, 358866 in U. S. Patent Office, and contents copyrighted 1946 by the Desert Publishing Com- main art gallery Los Angeles Muse- pany. Permission to reproduce contents must be secured from the editor in writing. um, Exposition Park. Daily free ad- RANDALL HENDERSON, Editor. LUCILE HARRIS, Associate Editor. mission. Evenings of May 4-5 only, BESS STACY, Business Manager. — WALTER E. KNAPP, Circulation Manager. exhibition of lapidary equip'tnent. Unsolicited manuscripts and photographs submitted cannot be returned or acknowledged unless full return postage is enclosed. Desert Magazine assumes no responsibility for damage May 8-11—Festival of art and music, or loss of manuscripts or photographs although due care will be exercised. Subscribers should send notice of change of address by the first of the month preceding issue. If address is un- Boulder City, Nevada. certain by that date, notify circulation department to hold copies. May 18-19—First annual show of Impe- SUBSCRIPTION RATES rial lapidary guild and Imperial One year . $3.00 Two years . $5.00 Valley gem and mineral society, Le- Canadian subscriptions 25c extra, foreign 50c extra. Subscriptions to Army personnel outside U.S.A. must be mailed in conformity with gion Hall, El Centro, California. P.O.D. Order No. 19687. Address correspondence to Desert Magazine, 636 State St., El Centro, California. MAY, 1946 their looms in readiness so that all could start the actual weaving at the same time. The top and bottom loom bars were laid on the ground which had been swept bare with a broom of juniper and pifion twigs. "Why don't you use your mother's store broom?" I asked Adele. "Who can tell what chindee spirits have been imprisoned in that broom?" Adele answered gravely. "We know only the wind and sun have spoken to our own • trees." She continued industriously to sweep grass and twigs toward the west— because the sun travels in that direction and carries darkness before it. Navajo women take their weaving seriously! Rough side sticks the length of the chosen rug were placed so that the four poles made an elongated square. Since the top and bottom poles were smooth and polished I questioned the roughness of the side sticks, and was told they were to help the loom stringer keep in mind the width of the rug to be woven. Wool would not touch them at any time. The warp yarn, hand spun and twisted, but undyed, was tied at one end of the top beam and passed to the woman sitting beside the bot- tom beam. She stretched it over the top of the beam and brought it up on the under side. When it went back to the top beam that helper did the same thing, so that the thread formed a figure eight crossing in the middle. This particular rug when fin- ished was to be about six feet long and four and a half wide, but since the warp would "take up" in weaving, the web was made about seven feet long. The entire warp was one continuous thread and when This Navajo girl has proved her ability completed the end was tied to the lower in modern production, drawing wages beam. Again I asked why the thread wasn't undreamed of on her native reservation. taken to the top beam where it began, but the women said: "This is the way our mothers do it." sparse cedar and pifion forest within speak- vajo loom has been shaped by the mode of With the warp strung on the beams I ing distance of the hogan. A temporary Navajo life. Life is hard for these people, thought it would be placed in the frame, shelter of juniper branches was built to living on a 16 million acre reservation but the owner took three strands of yarn protect the workers from the strong winds which encompasses snowy steppes of the and wove them in and out among the and serve as sleeping quarters until their continental divide, empty wastes, red threads until she had formed a strong bor- rugs were completed. Camp tasks of wood mountains and dry plains. They must travel der cord, and in some way separated the gathering, water carrying and preparation with the seasons, keeping their flocks threads as they would stay throughout the of food were apportioned among the five ahead of ice-locked winter and escaping weaving. The bottom was treated the same women. drought and dry waterholes in summer. way, and then these border cords were The simple efficient character of the Na- Wherever the Navajo go, the looms and lashed to the end beams, and the loom prepared wool go. So each loom has mere- swung to a tension beam and lashed there ly top and bottom beams, a supplementary with the cowhide rope. By loosening the or tension beam, and rawhide rope for This is the second of two ar- rope the web, as the work progressed up- lashing it into a frame—an ideal portable ward, could be lowered to where the sit- ticles in which Dama Langley device. tolls the story of the Navajo rug. ting weaver could reach it. In the April issue she described Each member of Adele's class had de- With the looms all swung in place, the the preliminary steps of prepar- cided upon the size of the rug she wanted women built up their campfire and re- ing the wool for weaving— to weave, and where she'd swing her loom.