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Title STUDIES on BEHAVIOR of ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS in AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT( Dissertation 全文 ) Author(S) Harino, Hiroya Citation

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Title STUDIES on BEHAVIOR of ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS in AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT( Dissertation 全文 ) Author(S) Harino, Hiroya Citation STUDIES ON BEHAVIOR OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS Title IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT( Dissertation_全文 ) Author(s) Harino, Hiroya Citation 京都大学 Issue Date 1998-03-23 URL https://doi.org/10.11501/3135684 Right Type Thesis or Dissertation Textversion author Kyoto University 2 STUDIES ON BEHAVIOR OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT lllROYA HARINO 1998 CONTENTS CONTENTS 1 ABBREVIATIONS 10 PREFACE 11 SUMMARY 13 CHAPTER I GENERAL INTRODUCTION 16 CHAPTER II ANALYTICAL MEIHOD OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS IN AQUATIC~RONMlliNT SECTION I DE1ERMINATION OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS IN WATER SAMPLES l.INTRODUCfiON 23 2 MATERIAL AND ME1HOD 2-1 Apparatus 25 2-2 Sampling description 25 2-3 Analytical method 26 2-4 Standard solution 26 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3-1 Extraction 27 3-2 Propylation 28 3-3 Gas chromatography 28 3-4 Recoveries of organotin compounds 30 4SUMMARY 30 1 SECTION N CONCLUSION 43 SECTION II DETERMINATION OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS IN SEDIMENT SAMPLES lll DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS IN AQUATIC !.INTRODUCTION 32 CHAPTER ENVIRONMENT 2 MATERIAL AND METIIOD 2-1 Apparatus 32 SECTION I CURRENT STATUS OF OSAKA BAY 2-2 Sampling description 32 1 INTRODUCTION 44 2-3 Analytical method 34 AND METIIOD 2-4 Standard solution 34 2 MATERIAL 2-1 Sampling description 45 3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION Analytical method 46 3-1 Extraction 35 2-2 Determination of sedimentation rate 46 3-2 Removal of sulfur 35 2-3 . 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3-3 Recoveries of organotin compounds 36 compounds in water 47 4SUMMARY 36 3-1 Butyltin 3-2 Butyltin compounds in sediment 50 of butyl tin compounds in sediment cores 52 SECTION III DE1ERMINATION OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS IN AQUATIC 3-3 Vertical distribution 54 ORGANISMS 4SUMMARY l.INTRODUCfiON 38 AND CURRENT STATUS OF ORGANOTIN 2 MATERIAL AND METHOD SECTION IT 1EMPORAL 1REND OF OSAKA 2-1 Apparatus 38 COMPOUNDS IN THE PORT 55 2-2 Sampling description 38 1 INTRODUCTION 2-3 Analytical method 40 2 MATERIAL AND METIIOD 55 2-4 Standard solution 40 2-1 Sampling description 57 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 2-2 Analytical method 3-1 Extraction 40 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION during 1989-1996 57 3-2 Clean-up 41 3-1 Variation of Organotin compounds concentration 57 3-3 Recoveries of organotin compounds 41 Water 59 4SUMMARY 42 Sediment 2 3 Plankton 60 CHAPTER IV BIODEGRADATION OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS BY Mussel 61 MICROORGANISMS 3-2 Comparison of temporal trend of organotin compounds in the other areas 63 SECTION I TOlERANCE OF BACTERIA IN WA'IER FOR ORGANOTIN 3-3 Butyltin and phenyltin compounds in the harbour area of the Port of Osaka 65 COMPOUNDS 3-4 Partition of organotin compounds to sediment and aquatic organisms 69 1 INTRODUCTION 89 4SUMMARY 70 2 MATERIAL AND METIIOD 2-1 Sampl.ing description 89 SECTION III CURRENT STATUS OF SANRIKU COASTAL AREA AND 2-2 Tolerance test of bacteria populations to organotin compounds 90 COMPARISON OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS LEVELS BE1WEEN THE PORT 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION OF OSAKA AND OTSUCHI BAY 3-1 Susceptibility of bacterial populations to organotin compounds 90 1 INTRODUCTION 72 3-2 Comparison of tolerance for organotin compounds between bacteria in water and 2 MATERIAL AND ME1HOD type strains 93 2-1Sampling description 72 4S~Y 94 2-2 Analytical method 7 5 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION SECTION II BIODEGRApATION OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS BY 3-1 Horizontal distribution of organotin compounds in water, sediment and plankton MICROORGANISMS IN WATER from Otsuchi Bay 75 1 INTRODUCTION 96 3-2 Horizontal and vertical distribution of organotin compounds in mussel samples 77 2 MATERIAL AND METIIOD 3-3 The levels of TBT and TPT in Otsuchi Bay and its adjacent bay 79 2-1 Sampling description 97 3-4 Comparison of organotin compounds concentrations between the Port of Osaka 2-2 River die-away method 97 ~~~~ ~ 2-3 Analytical method 97 4S~Y 86 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3-1 Degradation of organotin compounds by microorganisms in estuarine water 97 SECTION IV CONCLUSION 88 3-2 The half-lives of organotin compounds in water 101 3-3 Comparison of degradation of TBT in water at each station 102 4SUMMARY 104 4 5 3-2 Correlation between concentration of organotin compounds and lipid contents SECTION III BIODEGRADATION OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS BY in Japanese sea perch 118 MICROORGANISMS DETACHED FROM SEDIMENT 3-3 Correlation between concentration of organotin compounds and total length 119 1 INTRODUCTION 105 in Japanese sea perch 2 MATERIAL AND MEfHOD 4SUMMARY 121 2-1 Sampling description 105 2-2 Colony counting 106 SECTION II COMPARISON OF PARTITION BE1WEEN WA1ER AND AQUATIC 2-3 River die-away method 106 ORGANISMS 2-4 Analytical method 106 1 INTRODUCTION 122 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 2 MA1ERIALAND METHOD 122 3-1 Degradation of TBT by microorganisms from sediment 107 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3-2 Half-lives of TBT by microorganisms from sediment 109 3-1 Partition of tributyltin compounds in muscle of fish 122 4SUMMARY 109 3-2 Partition of tributyltin compounds in soft tissues of shellfish 124 4SUMMARY 125 SECTION IV CONCLUSION 111 lEVELS OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS IN DIFFERENT CHAPTER V BIOCONCENTRATION OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS IN TilE SECTION III THE ORGANS AND TISSUES OF FISH AND SHELLFISH MARINE ORGANISMS 1 INTRODUCTION 126 SECTION I THE LEVELS OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS IN FISH 2 MA1ERIALAND METHOD 1 INTRODUCTION 112 2-1 Sampling description 126 2 MATERIAL AND METHOD 2-2 Analytical method 127 2-1 Sampling description 113 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 2-2 Lipid contents 115 3-1 Concentration and composition of butyltin and phenyl tin compounds in different 2-3 Analytical method 115 organs and tissues of fish 127 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION in different organs and tissues of scallop 130 3-1 Concentration of butyl tin and phenyltin compounds in various fish species 115 3-2 Butyltin and phenyltin compounds of butyl tin and phenyltin compounds in 3-2 Comparison of1BT and TPT concentration between male and female of Japanese 3-3 Comparison of bioconcentration factor of fish and scallop 131 sea perch 117 liver 6 7 4SUMMARY 132 2 ESTIMATION OF PARTITION TO SEDlMENT FROM WATER SOLUBILITY 142 SECTION IV CONCLUSION 134 3 ESTIMATION OF BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR FROM WATER SOLUBILITY 144 CHAPTER VI CHARACfERIZATION OF DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANOTIN 4 ESTIMATION OF BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR FROM COMPOUNDS IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT - COMPARISON BE1WEEN OCTANOL-WATER PARTITION 145 ORGANOTINCOMPOUNDSANDORGANOCHLO~COMPOUNDS SSUMMARY 147 SECTION I COMPARISON OF PARTITION TO SEDIMENT AND AQUATIC SECTION III DIFFERENCE OF DISTRIBUTION BE1WEEN FIELD AND ORGANISMS IN FIELD LABORATORYEXPERTIMENT 1 INTRODUCTION 135 1 INTRODUCTION 148 2 MATERIAL AND ME1HOD 2 PARTITION TO SEDIMENT 148 2-1 Sampling description 135 3 BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR 149 2-2 Analytical method 136 4SUMMARY 150 Organotin compounds 136 PCBs 136 SECTION IV CONCLUSION 151 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3-1 Com pari son of horizontal distribution of PCBs and TBT in the CHAPTER VII GENERAL CONCLUSION 152 Port of Osaka 137 3-2 Comparison of partition to sediment in field 139 CHAPTER VIII LIST OF RESULTS 154 3-3 Comparison of partition to aquatic organisms in field 140 4SUMMARY 140 REFERENCES 156 SECTION II ESTIMATION OF DISTRIBUTION FROM PHYSICO- CHEMICAL PAPERS RELATED TO THIS DISSERTATION 171 PARAMETER 1 INTRODUCTION 142 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 172 8 9 ABBREVIATIONS PREFACE Although human activity e. g. agrirulture, energy production, manufacturing, intended to be beneficial, these often affect the Ot Organotin Ksw Sediment-water partition recreation, and transportation, etc., manner through the production and release of Bt Butyl tin Kpw Plankton-water partition physical environment in an adverse are some 60,000 chemicals in current Pt Phenyltin Kmw Mussel-water partition chemical compounds. Nevertheless, there 1000 chemicals are added every year. Of these, MBT Monobutyltin ND Not detected commercial production, and approximately because of their presence in detectable DBT Dibutyltin ss Suspended solid perhaps 500 are of environmental concern Further, the use of these chemical TBT Tributyltin WS Water solubility quantities in various components of the environment. year by year. TeBT Tetrabutyltin TBP Tributyl phosphate substances has increased both in kinds and amounts are applied to various manufactured products 1BTO Bis (tri-n-butyltin) Oxide Recently, organometallic compounds medicine etc .. These compounds consist of a MPT Monophenyltin such as antifouling paint, pesticide, catalyst, to several groups. Organomercury, DPT Diphenyltin single central metal atom, covalently bound to one and organosilicon are representative TPT Triphenyltin organolead, organotin, organogermanium quite extreme in toxicity from PCB Polychlorinated biphenyl organometallic compounds. These compounds can differ have a higher toxicity GC Gas chromatography their inorganic counterparts. In general, organometallic compounds compounds exist in FPD Flame photometoric detector than their inorganic analogs. Nevertheless many of organometallic poses long term threats to ECD Electron capture detector aquatic environment. and their persistence in the environment compounds have both CFU Colony forming unit public health and indigenous wildlife. Furthermore, as these of these compounds in BCF Bioconcentration factor hydrophobic and ionic properties, it is expected that the behavior those of metals and organic pow Octanol-water partition environment to each compartment is different from from contaminants by AAS Atomic Absorption spectrometry compounds. So, in order to remediate aquatic environment current status of AES Atomic emi sion spectrometry organometallic compounds and prevent aquatic organisms, the contaminants, many LC Liquid chromatography contaminants must be investigated. From the current status of and ICP Inductively coupled plasma information such as the level, geological distribution, partition to each compartment continuance MS Mass pectrometry etc., can be obtained. Furthermore, temporal trend can be estimated from the conserve the SFC Supercritical fluid extraction of this investigation and effects of regulation are appreciable. In order to compounds in GPC Gel permeation chromatography aquatic organisms, it is important that the accumulation of organometallic 10 11 SUMMARY living organisms is clarified.
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