Histology -2Nd Stage Dr. Abeer.C.Yousif
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Skates and Rays Diversity, Exploration and Conservation – Case-Study of the Thornback Ray, Raja Clavata
UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA ANIMAL SKATES AND RAYS DIVERSITY, EXPLORATION AND CONSERVATION – CASE-STUDY OF THE THORNBACK RAY, RAJA CLAVATA Bárbara Marques Serra Pereira Doutoramento em Ciências do Mar 2010 UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA ANIMAL SKATES AND RAYS DIVERSITY, EXPLORATION AND CONSERVATION – CASE-STUDY OF THE THORNBACK RAY, RAJA CLAVATA Bárbara Marques Serra Pereira Tese orientada por Professor Auxiliar com Agregação Leonel Serrano Gordo e Investigadora Auxiliar Ivone Figueiredo Doutoramento em Ciências do Mar 2010 The research reported in this thesis was carried out at the Instituto de Investigação das Pescas e do Mar (IPIMAR - INRB), Unidade de Recursos Marinhos e Sustentabilidade. This research was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through a PhD grant (SFRH/BD/23777/2005) and the research project EU Data Collection/DCR (PNAB). Skates and rays diversity, exploration and conservation | Table of Contents Table of Contents List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. i List of Tables ............................................................................................................................. v List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. viii Agradecimentos ........................................................................................................................ -
Vocabulario De Morfoloxía, Anatomía E Citoloxía Veterinaria
Vocabulario de Morfoloxía, anatomía e citoloxía veterinaria (galego-español-inglés) Servizo de Normalización Lingüística Universidade de Santiago de Compostela COLECCIÓN VOCABULARIOS TEMÁTICOS N.º 4 SERVIZO DE NORMALIZACIÓN LINGÜÍSTICA Vocabulario de Morfoloxía, anatomía e citoloxía veterinaria (galego-español-inglés) 2008 UNIVERSIDADE DE SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA VOCABULARIO de morfoloxía, anatomía e citoloxía veterinaria : (galego-español- inglés) / coordinador Xusto A. Rodríguez Río, Servizo de Normalización Lingüística ; autores Matilde Lombardero Fernández ... [et al.]. – Santiago de Compostela : Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico, 2008. – 369 p. ; 21 cm. – (Vocabularios temáticos ; 4). - D.L. C 2458-2008. – ISBN 978-84-9887-018-3 1.Medicina �������������������������������������������������������������������������veterinaria-Diccionarios�������������������������������������������������. 2.Galego (Lingua)-Glosarios, vocabularios, etc. políglotas. I.Lombardero Fernández, Matilde. II.Rodríguez Rio, Xusto A. coord. III. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Servizo de Normalización Lingüística, coord. IV.Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico, ed. V.Serie. 591.4(038)=699=60=20 Coordinador Xusto A. Rodríguez Río (Área de Terminoloxía. Servizo de Normalización Lingüística. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) Autoras/res Matilde Lombardero Fernández (doutora en Veterinaria e profesora do Departamento de Anatomía e Produción Animal. -
Basic Histology (23 Questions): Oral Histology (16 Questions
Board Question Breakdown (Anatomic Sciences section) The Anatomic Sciences portion of part I of the Dental Board exams consists of 100 test items. They are broken up into the following distribution: Gross Anatomy (50 questions): Head - 28 questions broken down in this fashion: - Oral cavity - 6 questions - Extraoral structures - 12 questions - Osteology - 6 questions - TMJ and muscles of mastication - 4 questions Neck - 5 questions Upper Limb - 3 questions Thoracic cavity - 5 questions Abdominopelvic cavity - 2 questions Neuroanatomy (CNS, ANS +) - 7 questions Basic Histology (23 questions): Ultrastructure (cell organelles) - 4 questions Basic tissues - 4 questions Bone, cartilage & joints - 3 questions Lymphatic & circulatory systems - 3 questions Endocrine system - 2 questions Respiratory system - 1 question Gastrointestinal system - 3 questions Genitouirinary systems - (reproductive & urinary) 2 questions Integument - 1 question Oral Histology (16 questions): Tooth & supporting structures - 9 questions Soft oral tissues (including dentin) - 5 questions Temporomandibular joint - 2 questions Developmental Biology (11 questions): Osteogenesis (bone formation) - 2 questions Tooth development, eruption & movement - 4 questions General embryology - 2 questions 2 National Board Part 1: Review questions for histology/oral histology (Answers follow at the end) 1. Normally most of the circulating white blood cells are a. basophilic leukocytes b. monocytes c. lymphocytes d. eosinophilic leukocytes e. neutrophilic leukocytes 2. Blood platelets are products of a. osteoclasts b. basophils c. red blood cells d. plasma cells e. megakaryocytes 3. Bacteria are frequently ingested by a. neutrophilic leukocytes b. basophilic leukocytes c. mast cells d. small lymphocytes e. fibrocytes 4. It is believed that worn out red cells are normally destroyed in the spleen by a. neutrophils b. -
Epithelium 2 : Glandular Epithelium Histology Laboratory -‐ Year 1, Fall Term Dr
Epithelium 2 : Glandular Epithelium Histology Laboratory -‐ Year 1, Fall Term Dr. Heather Yule ([email protected]) October 21, 2014 Slides for study: 75 (Salivary Gland), 355 (Pancreas Tail), 48 (Atrophic Mammary Gland), 49 (Active Mammary Gland) and 50 (Resting Mammary Gland) Electron micrographs for : study EM: Serous acinus in parotid gland EM: Mucous acinus in mixed salivary gland EM: Pancreatic acinar cell Main Objective: Understand key histological features of glandular epithelium and relate structure to function. Specific Objectives: 1. Describe key histological differences between endocrine and exocrine glands including their development. 2. Compare three modes of secretion in glands; holocrine, apocrine and merocrine. 3. Explain the functional significance of polarization of glandular epithelial cells. 4. Define the terms parenchyma, stroma, mucous acinus, serous acinus and serous a demilune and be able to them identify in glandular tissue. 5. Distinguish exocrine and endocrine pancreas. 6. Compare the histology of resting, lactating and postmenopausal mammary glands. Keywords: endocrine gland, exocrine gland, holocrine, apocrine, merocrine, polarity, parenchyma, stroma, acinus, myoepithelial cell, mucous gland, serous gland, mixed or seromucous gland, serous demilune, exocrine pancreas, endocrine pancreas (pancreatic islets), resting mammary gland, lactating mammary gland, postmenopausal mammary gland “This copy is made solely for your personal use for research, private study, education, parody, satire, criticism, or review -
Exocrine Glands Ccasslassified Da Acco Rd Ing to
Glandular tissues Danil Hammoudi.MD A gland is an organ that synthesizes a substance for relfbthlease of substances such •as hormones • breast milk, •often into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) • into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland). Myoepithelial Cells • These are contractile cells that lie within the basal lamina in the secretory ppgortion of glands and intercalated ducts, which form the initial portion of the duct system. • They are instrumental in moving the secretions toward the excretory duct. Histologically, glands are described using some standard vocabulary, with which you should be familiar. exocrine / endocrine Destination of product: Nature of product: serous / mucous / mixed Location of gland: mucosal / submucosal Arrangement of secretory cells: acinus / tubule / cord Number of interconnected units: simple / compound intercalated / striated Duct function: secret/tory / excre tory Duct location: intralobular / interlobular / interlobar Tissue composition: parenchyma / stroma The endocrine system of humans Pineal gland Hypothalamus Posterior pituitary Anterior pituitary Thyroid Parathyroid Thymus Heart Liver Stomach and small intestine Pancreas Adrenal cortex Adrenal medulla Kidney Skin Silverthorn, Human Gonads Physiology, 3rd edition Figure 7-2 Duussgadsapoduoosctless glands that produce hormones Secretions include amino acids, proteins, glycoproteins, and steroids Endocrine Glands More numerous than endocrine glands Secrete their products onto body surfaces (skin) or into body cavities -
Glandular Tissue
Glandular Tissue Curriculum : Phase 1/Semester2/TOB /Session 4 2017/2018 Lecturer : Dr. Rajaa Ali Al- Taee Msc. PhD. Histology G.mail: [email protected] Hammurabi Medical Collage / Babylon University Glandular Tissue References: • Histology Textbooks ‘Basic Histology’, Junqueira,13 th Edition chapter 1,2,3.pp:1-72 • ‘Colour Atlas of Histology’ Gartner and Hiatt 5 th Edition. • http://www.histologyguide.com/ Glandular Tissue Objectives of the lecture: 1. Define a gland as an epithelial cell or aggregate of cells specialised for secretion. 2. Classify glandular tissue, describing the meaning of the following terms: Exocrine or endocrine Merocrine, apocrine or holocrine. 3. Describe the above mechanisms of secretion. Glandular Tissue 4 . describe the mechanisms of endocytosis. 5. describe how endocytosis and secretion combine to give transepithelial transport. 6. explain the mechanism and importance of the glycosylation of newly synthesised proteins in the Golgi apparatus. 7. describe the role of secretions in cell functions (e.g. in communication). 8. describe simple mechanisms of control of secretion (e.g. nervous, endocrine). Glandular Tissue Glandular Epithelium: Glandular epithelium is more complex and varied than the epithelial cells which cover surfaces or line tubules or vessels. A gland is a single cell or a mass of epithelial cells adapted for secretion. Classification of Glands • By destination • By structure • By nature of the secretion • By the method of discharge By destination 1. Exocrine glands 2. Endocrine glands: • ductless glands • Secretion • Cells https://youtu.be/GUi84E6lUiY Adrenal gland Thyroid gland Exocrine glands secrete into ducts or directly onto a free surface. Their secretions include mucus, sweat, oil, ear wax and digestive enzymes. -
Distribution of VIP Receptors in the Human Submandibular Gland: an Immunohistochemical Study
Histol Histopathol (1998) 13: 373-378 Histology and 001: 10.14670/HH-13.373 Histopathology http://www.hh.um.es From Cell Biology to Tissue Engineering Distribution of VIP receptors in the human submandibular gland: an immunohistochemical study T. Kusakabe1, H. Matsuda2, Y. Gono1, T. Kawakaml3, K. Kurihara4, M. Tsukuda2 and T. Takenaka5 1 Department of Anatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, 3Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, 4Department of Legal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara and 5Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan Summary. Distribution of vasoactive intestinal poly NPY (Ekstrom et aI., 1996). In addition, VIP increased peptide (VIP)-immunoreactive nerve fibers and VIP cyclic AMP production in the human submandibular receptor (VIP-R)-immunoreactive sites in the human gland (Larsson et aI. , 1986). Based on this, it has been submandibular gland were examined by the peroxidase considered that regulation of the synthesis of secretory antiperoxidase method using the specimens taken from products and their release in the human submandibular patients that had not received radiotherapy. gland may be under the dense peptidergic innervation VIP-immunoreactive fibers were found around both (Lundberg et aI., 1988; Hauser-Kronberger et aI., 1992; serous and mucous acini, the duct system, and those Salo et aI., 1993; Kusakabe et aI., 1997). around the mucous acini were more numerous than those The human submandibular gland is a mixed gland around the serous acini. VIP-R immunoreactivity was which possesses many serous acini and a small number restricted to the mucous acini and the intercalated duct of mucous acini, but previous reports on this gland have segment. -
Histology Histology
HISTOLOGY HISTOLOGY ОДЕСЬКИЙ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ МЕДИЧНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ THE ODESSA NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY Áiáëiîòåêà ñòóäåíòà-ìåäèêà Medical Student’s Library Серія заснована в 1999 р. на честь 100-річчя Одеського державного медичного університету (1900–2000 рр.) The series is initiated in 1999 to mark the Centenary of the Odessa State Medical University (1900–2000) 1 L. V. Arnautova O. A. Ulyantseva HISTÎLÎGY A course of lectures A manual Odessa The Odessa National Medical University 2011 UDC 616-018: 378.16 BBC 28.8я73 Series “Medical Student’s Library” Initiated in 1999 Authors: L. V. Arnautova, O. A. Ulyantseva Reviewers: Professor V. I. Shepitko, MD, the head of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of the Ukrainian Medical Stomatologic Academy Professor O. Yu. Shapovalova, MD, the head of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of the Crimean State Medical University named after S. I. Georgiyevsky It is published according to the decision of the Central Coordinational Methodical Committee of the Odessa National Medical University Proceedings N1 from 22.09.2010 Навчальний посібник містить лекції з гістології, цитології та ембріології у відповідності до програми. Викладено матеріали теоретичного курсу по всіх темах загальної та спеціальної гістології та ембріології. Посібник призначений для підготовки студентів до практичних занять та ліцензійного екзамену “Крок-1”. Arnautova L. V. Histology. A course of lectures : a manual / L. V. Arnautova, O. A. Ulyantseva. — Оdessa : The Оdessa National Medical University, 2010. — 336 p. — (Series “Medical Student’s Library”). ISBN 978-966-443-034-7 The manual contains the lecture course on histology, cytology and embryol- ogy in correspondence with the program. -
Nomina Histologica Veterinaria, First Edition
NOMINA HISTOLOGICA VETERINARIA Submitted by the International Committee on Veterinary Histological Nomenclature (ICVHN) to the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists Published on the website of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists www.wava-amav.org 2017 CONTENTS Introduction i Principles of term construction in N.H.V. iii Cytologia – Cytology 1 Textus epithelialis – Epithelial tissue 10 Textus connectivus – Connective tissue 13 Sanguis et Lympha – Blood and Lymph 17 Textus muscularis – Muscle tissue 19 Textus nervosus – Nerve tissue 20 Splanchnologia – Viscera 23 Systema digestorium – Digestive system 24 Systema respiratorium – Respiratory system 32 Systema urinarium – Urinary system 35 Organa genitalia masculina – Male genital system 38 Organa genitalia feminina – Female genital system 42 Systema endocrinum – Endocrine system 45 Systema cardiovasculare et lymphaticum [Angiologia] – Cardiovascular and lymphatic system 47 Systema nervosum – Nervous system 52 Receptores sensorii et Organa sensuum – Sensory receptors and Sense organs 58 Integumentum – Integument 64 INTRODUCTION The preparations leading to the publication of the present first edition of the Nomina Histologica Veterinaria has a long history spanning more than 50 years. Under the auspices of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists (W.A.V.A.), the International Committee on Veterinary Anatomical Nomenclature (I.C.V.A.N.) appointed in Giessen, 1965, a Subcommittee on Histology and Embryology which started a working relation with the Subcommittee on Histology of the former International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee. In Mexico City, 1971, this Subcommittee presented a document entitled Nomina Histologica Veterinaria: A Working Draft as a basis for the continued work of the newly-appointed Subcommittee on Histological Nomenclature. This resulted in the editing of the Nomina Histologica Veterinaria: A Working Draft II (Toulouse, 1974), followed by preparations for publication of a Nomina Histologica Veterinaria. -
Yagenich L.V., Kirillova I.I., Siritsa Ye.A. Latin and Main Principals Of
Yagenich L.V., Kirillova I.I., Siritsa Ye.A. Latin and main principals of anatomical, pharmaceutical and clinical terminology (Student's book) Simferopol, 2017 Contents No. Topics Page 1. UNIT I. Latin language history. Phonetics. Alphabet. Vowels and consonants classification. Diphthongs. Digraphs. Letter combinations. 4-13 Syllable shortness and longitude. Stress rules. 2. UNIT II. Grammatical noun categories, declension characteristics, noun 14-25 dictionary forms, determination of the noun stems, nominative and genitive cases and their significance in terms formation. I-st noun declension. 3. UNIT III. Adjectives and its grammatical categories. Classes of adjectives. Adjective entries in dictionaries. Adjectives of the I-st group. Gender 26-36 endings, stem-determining. 4. UNIT IV. Adjectives of the 2-nd group. Morphological characteristics of two- and multi-word anatomical terms. Syntax of two- and multi-word 37-49 anatomical terms. Nouns of the 2nd declension 5. UNIT V. General characteristic of the nouns of the 3rd declension. Parisyllabic and imparisyllabic nouns. Types of stems of the nouns of the 50-58 3rd declension and their peculiarities. 3rd declension nouns in combination with agreed and non-agreed attributes 6. UNIT VI. Peculiarities of 3rd declension nouns of masculine, feminine and neuter genders. Muscle names referring to their functions. Exceptions to the 59-71 gender rule of 3rd declension nouns for all three genders 7. UNIT VII. 1st, 2nd and 3rd declension nouns in combination with II class adjectives. Present Participle and its declension. Anatomical terms 72-81 consisting of nouns and participles 8. UNIT VIII. Nouns of the 4th and 5th declensions and their combination with 82-89 adjectives 9. -
Morphological Re-Evaluation of the Parotoid Glands of Bufo Ictericus (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae)
Contributions to Zoology, 76 (3) 145-152 (2007) Morphological re-evaluation of the parotoid glands of Bufo ictericus (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae) Pablo G. de Almeida, Flavia A. Felsemburgh, Rodrigo A. Azevedo, Lycia de Brito-Gitirana Laboratory of Animal and Comparative Histology, ICB - UFRJ, Av. Trompowsky s/nº, Ilha do Fundão - Cidade Universitária - Rio de Janeiro - Brazil - CEP: 21940-970, [email protected] Key words: morphology, amphibian integument, exocrine glands, bufonid Abstract histologic classifi cation of exocrine glands is based on different criteria. According to the secretion mecha- Multicellular glands in the amphibian integument represent a sig- nism, the exocrine gland which releases its secretory nifi cant evolutionary advance over those of fi shes. Bufonids have product by exocytosis, is classifi ed as a merocrine parotoid glands, symmetrically disposed in a post-orbital posi- gland, such as in the case of pancreatic secretion of tion. Their secretion may contribute to protection against preda- tors and parasites. This study provides a re-evaluation of the mor- zymogen granules. When the secretory mechanism in- phology of the Bufo ictericus parotoid glands. The parotoid gland volves partial loss of the apical portion of the cell, the integument of the medial surface shows rounded depressions gland is named apocrine. The lipid secretion by epithe- with small pores that connect with the duct openings of the larger lial cells of the mammary gland is an example of this granular glands. Under light microscopic evaluation the integu- glandular type. In addition, if the end secretion is con- ment is constituted by typical epidermis, supported by dermis stituted by the entire cell and its secretory product, the subdivided into a spongious dermis, a reticular dermis, and a exocrine gland is designated as an holocrine gland such compact dermis. -
Histogenesis of the Proventricular Submucosal Gland of the Chick As Revealed by Light and Electron Microscopy Dale S
HISTOGENESIS OF THE PROVENTRICULAR SUBMUCOSAL GLAND OF THE CHICK AS REVEALED BY LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY DALE S. THOMSON Malone College, Canton, Ohio ABSTRACT The development of the submucosal tubuloalveolar glands of the proventriculus was studied with both light and electron microscopes, with special reference given to the 13-18-day period. Beginning as an invagination in the stratified columnar epithelium lining the lumen of the proventriculus, the simple tubular gland, by repeated bifurcation of the invaginated portion, by sloughing of the superficial cells, and by remodeling of the residual basal cells from columnar to cuboidal, becomes a compound tubuloalveolar gland composed of numerous secretory units. Concomitant with the gross cellular changes, ultra- structural changes in the intercellular membranes are evident. By day 4 after hatching, the cells forming the secretory units appear to be functional. INTRODUCTION The avian stomach is peculiar in that it consists of two morphologically and physiologically distinct parts: the glandular portion, or proventriculus, and the muscular portion, or gizzard. The proventriculus is a relatively thick-walled structure located at the distal end of the oesophagus and containing both simple mucous-secreting glands and compound submucosal tubuloalveolar glands. The gizzard is a thick muscular bulb, the mucosa of which contains simple glandular cells which secrete a tough, horny layer. The proventriculus has been described by Cazin (1886, 1887), Zietschmann (1908), Calhoun (1933, 1954), Batt (1924), and Bradley and Graham (1950). Aitken (1958) and Toner (1963) further amplified the literature with specific reference to the compound submucosal glands. Sjogren (1941) and Hibbard (1942) described the embryonic development of the submucosal glands.