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I Topics in the Theory of Generative Grammar (The Hague, Paris: Mouton, 1969), P NOTES I I Topics in the Theory of Generative Grammar (The Hague, Paris: Mouton, 1969), p. 11. 2 John Berryman, 77 Dream Songs (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1965), p.5. 3 Time, Vol. 99, No.8, Feb. 21 (1972), p. 8. 4 See my Understanding Understanding (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1972), Chap. II for a discussion of "what is said". 5 See my Philosophic Turnings (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1966), Chaps. XI - XIII for a discussion of related matters. 6 D. B. Wyndham Lewis and Charles Lee (eds.), The Stuffed Owl: An Anthology of Bad Verse (New York: Capricorn Books, 1962), p. ix. This is the source of some of the verse cited in this essay. 7 The wild Barbary sheep also called an aoudad. 8 Peter Selz with texts by the artist, The Work ofJean Dubuffet (New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1962), p. 97. 9 Op. cit .. p. 103. 10 John Skelton (1460-1529) wrote a funeral service for the sparrow Philip slain by a cat. I I All Souls College of Oxford University. Christopher Wren the room designer. 12 From Andrew Marvell's poem of the nymph complaining of the death of her faun. 13 Section XIX of the version edited by W. F. Stead. 14 In T. S. Eliot's Fragment of an Agon. IS See T. Roethke's The Meadow Mouse. in his The Far Field. 16 See M. Gell-Mann and E. P. Rosenbaum, 'Elementary Particles', Scientific American (July, 1957), p. 5 - my source for these comments. 17 Landscaped Tables Landscapes of the Mind Stones of Philosophy (New York: Pierre Matisse Gallery, 1952), p. 3. 18 See my Understanding Understanding (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1972), Chap. VIII. 145 146 ANTIAESTHETICS II 1 Darius, Milhaud, Notes without Music (New York: Da Capo Press, 1970), pp. 101-102. 2 E. T. Canby from the dustjacket for Nonesuch Records H-71122. Canby speaks of The bull as including "French music-hall tunes" but I have been unable to find any evidence for that claim: Nor do I know of any warrant for his remark that "'Le Boeuf sur Ie toit' was evidently the name of a Brazilian hostelry". 3 See my Understanding Understanding (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1972), Chap. II. 4 I am much indebted in music-theoretic matters to Marie Endres and Ann Woodward and Barbara Rowan. III 1 Constance Reid, Hilbert (New York, 1970), pp. 74-75. 2 Hilbert was born on January 23, 1862. 3 Norris and Ross McWhirter, Guinness Sports Record Book, 2nd Edition (New York, 1972), p. 112. 4 Ibid. 5 Ibid. 6 Immanuel Kant, Critique of Aesthetic Judgement, Bk. 12. IV 1 L. Wittgenstein, Lectures and Conversations (Berkeley .and Los Angeles: Universi­ ty of California Press, 1967). 2 Gyomay M. Kubose, Zen Koans (Chicago: Henry Regnery & Co., 1973), p. 75. 3 Science News, Feb. 14 (1976), Vol. 109, No.7, p. 101. 4 Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata (Urbana and London: University of Illinois Press, 1966), p. 47. ANTIAESTHETICS 147 VI 1 E. O. Wilson, On Human Nature (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978), p. 16. 2 M. Sahlins, The Use and Abuse of Biology (Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1977), p. xi. 3 Cited in Wilson, op. cit., p. 21. 4 Cf P. Ziff, Philosophic Turnings (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1966), pp.47-74. 5 E. Mayr, Evolution and the Diversity of Life (Cambridge: Belknap Press, 1976), p.518. 6 Cf Mayr, op. cit., p. 144 ff. 7 Mayr, op. cit., p. 706. 8 P. Handler (ed.), Biology and the Future of Man (New York: Oxford University Press, 1970), p.466. 9 Op. cit., p. 389. 10 Handler, p. 466. 11 Cf P. Ziff, 'Anything Viewed', chapter VIII of this volume. 12 Mayr, p. 109. 13 Mayr, p. 706. 14 Cf P. Ziff, 'Communication: Men and Other Animals' (forthcoming). VII 1 Norval Morris and Gordon Hawkins, The Honest Politician's Guide to Crime Control (Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1970), pp. 64-65. 2 From some obsolete almanac: as usual things be gettin worse. VIII 1 Perry B. Cott, Leonardo Da Vinci Ginevra de 'Benci (Washington D.C.: National Gallery of Art, March, 1967). BIBLIOGRAPHY (of works referred to) Berryman, John. 77 Dream Songs. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1965. Chomsky, Noam. Topics in the Theory of Generative Grammar. The Hague, Paris: Mouton, 1969. Cott, Perry B. Leonardo Da Vinci Ginevra de 'Benci. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 1967. Dubuffet, Jean. Landscaped Tables Landscapes of the Mind Stones of Philosophy. New York: Pierre Matisse Gallery, 1952. Eliot, T. S. The Complete Poems and Plays. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1952. Gell-Mann, M. and Rosenbaum, E. P. "Elementary Particles," Scientific American, July, 1957. Handler, P. (ed.) Biology and the Future of Man. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970. Kant, Immanuel. Critique of Aesthetic Judgement. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1911. Kubose, Gyomay M. Zen Koans. Chicago: Henry Regnery and Co., 1973. Lewis, D. B. Wyndham and Lee, Charles (eds.) The Stuffed Owl: An Anthology of Bad Verse. New York: Capricorn Books, 1962. Mayr, E. Evolution and the Diversity of Life. Cambridge: Belknap Press, 1976. McWhirter, Norris and Ross. Guinness Sports Record Book, 2nd ed. New York: Sterling Pub. Co., 1972. Milhaud, Darius. Notes Without Music. New York: Da Capo Press, 1970. Morris, Norval and Hawkins, Gordon. The Honest Politicians's Guide to Crime Control. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1970. Reid, Constance. Hilbert. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1970. Roethke, Theodore. The Far Field. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Company, Inc., 1964. Sahlins, M. The Use and Abuse of Biology. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1977. Selz, Peter. The Work of Jean Dubuffet. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1962. Von Neumann, J. Theory of SelfReproducing Automata. Urbana and London: University of Illinois Press, 1966. Wilson, E. O. On Human Nature. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978. Wittgenstein, 1. Lectures and Conversations. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1967. Ziff, Paul. "Communication: Men and Other Animals", (forthcoming). Ziff, Paul. Philosophic Turnings. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1966. Ziff, Paul. Understanding Understanding. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1972. 149 INDEX aesthetic Bach, J. S. 48-49,51 appeal 65-66 Baudelaire, C. 35 aspect 60-64 Beckmann, M. 35 aspection 101-104, 106-109, 113- Beethoven, L. 53,136 114 behavioral repertoires 109-111 attention 129-133,134-137 Bergson, H. 37' experience 19 Berryman, J. 7-8,16 nnpresMons 72-74,76-77,80 Bos 22-25, 28-30 judgements 81 Botticelli, S. 27, 35, 108-109, 112- aesthetics 2 113,135 of sport 59-68 Brahms, J. 79 Wittgensteinian 69 Braque, G. 113 Albers, J. 36,134 Breughel, P. 129 Anderson, C.-D. 32 Browning, R. E. 6 anti aesthetics 2 "antiaesthetic litter clearance" 136-137 Capra 22 antiart 31-33,36-39,41-44 Carter, E. 136 Aquinas, T. 115 Cezanne, P. 36, 113 art 13,31,37,62 Chomsky, N. 6 and language 107 Churchill, W. 101 and sociobiology 99-116 computers 6,12-13 'appreciate' a work of 101,107 creating 3-5,8,13-14 criticism 16 and 'happening to produce' 9 history of 112-113 melody 12 modern 33-34 sounds 4-5 Negro 75 creativity 5,8,13-14 non-representational 33-34 of language 6 op 74-75,78 Cro-Magnon Man (Cro) 117-123 orderin 34 culturation representational 33-34 105-107 setting for a work of 38-39 space in 36 Dada 31,34 work of 37-44, 80,85-86, 129-131 dance artefacts 130-132 appreciation of 81-97 Austin, J. L. 93 as a work of art 81 automata as language 81, 91 inorganic 12 expresMve aspects of 90-97 organic 2 meaning in (semantics of) 90-91, 93- 94 Bach, A. M. 48 syntactic structure of 83-87, 90, 96 150 INDEX 151 Darwin, C. 80 Klee,P. 80,102-103,133 David, J. L. 139 "knowledge without observation" 67 Debussy, C. A. 49 Kroll, F. 51 De Kooning, W. 34 language Delacroix, E. 35 aspects of a 82-83 Derain, A. 13 8 creative use of 3,14-15 description 27 ordinary use of 9 Dirac's wave equation 31-32 Laver, R. 66 Dobzhansky, T. 99 Lawrence, D. H. 25 Donne, J. 15 Leonardo da Vinci 26, 70, 129, 131- Dubuffet, J. 16, 19, 22-23, 26-28,32- 132,135,137,139 33,40,55,112-113 Lewis, D. B. W. 15 Lifshey 48 Empson, W. 110 Limon, J. 91 enharmonic equivalency 50 linguistic similarity of sentences 6-7 entropy 29,132,137 making 3-5,8, 13 Fauves 34 sounds 4-5 Furry, H. 7-8 Manet, E. 139 Marvell, A. 15, 24 Gabrielli, G. 89 Matisse, H. 133 Gebrauchsmusik·49 Mayr, E. 111 German expressionists 35 "melodic sound patterns" 10-11,13,15 Goya, F. 25 melody 11-12,46,96 grammar 6 creating 12 Grunewald, M. 26,129 Michelangelo 32,77,79-80,133 Milhaud, D. 45,54-56 Handel, G. F. 51 Milton, J. 10-11 harmony 11,46,96 Mondriaan, P. 112-113,132 Hegel, G. W. F. 69 Monet, C. 13 7 Hemingway, E. 21,23 Moore, Julia (Sweet Singer of Michigan) Hilbert, D. 59 11,13-15 Hindemith, P. 49 Motherwell, R. 34 Hitler, A. 138 Murphy, A. 37 Hopper, E. 129 music identity of pieces of 45-57 identity of pieces of music 56 order in 53 Ingres, J. P. D. 35, 113, 139 novel Jeans, J. 70 sentences 5-7,15 Jesus 26 sounds 7,9 Joshu 36,41 novelty 6-9,14-15 Kandinsky, W.
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