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MAFF's Conference 2016-2017 MAFF ANNUAL REPORT 2016-17 CONTENTS I- INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................... 1 II- POLICY AND STRATEGY FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT ...................... 3 III- OVERALL ACHIEVEMENTS.................................................................................. 10 IV- ACHIEVEMENTS BY SUB-SECTOR ..................................................................... 13 1. Achievements in Rice, Subsidiary and Industrial Crops Production ..................... 13 2. Enhancement of Rubber Production .................................................................... 26 3. Promote the Animal Health and Production ......................................................... 32 4. Fisheries Sector Result ........................................................................................ 40 5. Forestry Sector Result ......................................................................................... 44 6. Support Service and Human Resource Development .......................................... 47 V- CHALLENGES ........................................................................................................ 77 VI. DIRECTION 2016-2017 .......................................................................................... 78 1. Rice, Subsidiary and Industrial Crops Production ................................................ 78 2. Rubber Production ............................................................................................... 79 3. Animal Production and Animal Health .................................................................. 79 4. Fisheries Sub-Sector ............................................................................................ 80 5. Forestry Sub-Sector ............................................................................................. 81 VII- CONCLUSION....................................................................................................... 83 i MAFF ANNUAL REPORT 2016-17 Annual Report of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 2016-2017 and Directions 2017-2018 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION I- INTRODUCTION Under the strong and ideal leadership of Samdech Akka Moha Sena Padei Techo HUN SEN, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Cambodia, the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has accelerated the implementation of the “Rectangular Strategy Phase-III” and “National Strategic Development Plan 2014-2018”, which highly consider the agricultural sector as the priority sector by clearly identifying that the enhancement of agricultural productivity, diversification and commercialization, the land reform, the sustainable management of natural resources, notably forestry and fisheries resources, are the fundamental areas to accelerate the economic growth and poverty reduction of the Cambodian population. In order to implement the mentioned policy and strategy, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) focuses on improving agricultural productivity, diversification and commercialization by accelerating the implementation of necessary measures, including the building and improving of infrastructures support to agricultural production, increasing of the provision of technical services to the farmers, the strengthening of the agricultural research and development capacity to increase crop yields and climate change adaptation, improving soil fertility, the strengthening the capacity of agricultural communities and the institutional capacity to promote agricultural development. The MAFF has also accelerated the promotion of livestock and aquaculture, as well as efforts to vigorously implement the rules and regulations to manage the use of natural resources, such as forests, fisheries, agricultural land, to ensure the sustainability of these resources and environment. These efforts are implemented with a focus to increase the value of agricultural products, as well as income for farmers, to promote agribusiness and increase national revenue. Rice crop production has been gradually increased with the strong support from the Royal Government of Cambodia, concerned ministries, various development partners, national and international organizations, sub-national authorities, and active participation by farmers, especially the change from subsistent to commercial oriented production. The achievement is due to application of high-yielding seeds, proper farming technology, soil & water management, extension and demonstration farm trials, and research enhancement. The selection of appropriate seeds adapted to climate change and market requirement are also major factors contributed to the above achievement. However, in September 2016, farmers have been strongly affected by the reduction in rice price (especially Sen Kro Ob rice) in the North-West of Cambodia. The MAFF has made urgent measures by requesting the Provincial Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (PDAFF) working closely with the provincial authorities and concerned institutions to prevent the exclusive trade with the middlemen, and to negotiate with the Rice Millers’ Associations in the provinces to buy paddy rice from the farmers in a reasonable price. In response to this rice 1 MAFF ANNUAL REPORT 2016-17 price reduction, the RGC has implemented a “special program of the government” in order to stabilize the rice price and promote the local trade. This program fund was about 27 million US dollars, managed though the Rural Development Banks (RDB) to provide loan for the rice millers to buy rice paddy in the harvest areas to increase rice stock, process, and export later. In addition to this, the RGC has strengthened the importation procedure of the agricultural products from the neighbouring countries and has negotiated with trading partner countries on the exportation of rice and agricultural products from Cambodia. Presently, the MAFF has been promulgating the “Agriculture Extension Policy in Cambodia” in order to enable farmers and communities to better receive and use knowledge, information, and agricultural technology. In addition, after the RGC issued policy on “The Promotion of Paddy Production and Rice Export”, the rice export to the international markets has been increased and the Rumdoul rice variety is considered as the best quality in the world. The changing direction from “extensive” to “intensive” farming has become a priority agenda. The expansion and improvement of supporting services including research, new technology dissemination, the distribution of seed, fertilizer and agricultural materials, and rural loan have been set up as a priority for the government in order to increase agricultural productivity and fulfil market demand in quantity, quality, safety and international standards. Presently, it is noticed that Cambodian farmers has changed the habit from production for own consumption to production for trade since there is a good market demand with high price. It can be concluded that agricultural communities are playing an important role for the positive change in Cambodian rural society, notably in terms of socio-economic development and good environment. It is also noticed that farmers have formed into agricultural communities producing organic vegetables, do the packaging, and distributed to supermarkets around Phnom Penh city. It clearly shows that our farmers have transformed from farmer into agro- trader in order to increase the value added. In this context, it is seen that many institutions including government agencies, private sector, and NGOs has provided services to farmers to increase their knowledge and know-how. Many farmers use these experiences in a very smart and creative manner, and receive many fruitful results. The rubber production is gradually increased due to the stable political and social security situation in the country, high potential for rubber cultivation and the open market economy for rubber marketing. Moreover, the participation from the private sector (Economic Land Concession) for rubber plantation and small holder rubber production also gradually increased. Household and commercial livestock production in Cambodia has been developed dramatically, both in term of animal population and the production scale and system. This development is a result of enhanced research and awareness of raising techniques, improved breeding and reproduction, increased production of animal feeds, and improved animal health care services. At the same time, the law on animal health and production enacted, on 1st February 2016, which aims to reach an effective development of livestock and animal health. The deep fisheries reform has been actively continued. This reform helps all people, especially small-scale fishers had the opportunity to fish broadly and catch more fish than previous time. Until now, MAFF has established total 516 community fisheries for managing fisheries resources into a sustainable manner. Nowadays, MAFF has been carrying out the slogan of “Communities Fisheries without illegal fishing practices” with the aim of strengthening and building capacity of communities fisheries and let them having strong capability in participatory 2 MAFF ANNUAL REPORT 2016-17 managing and conserving fisheries for sustainability. Moreover, MAFF requested to the RGC for allowing the re-culture of Mud Fish and Chdor Fish, which was banned before. The RGC agreed this request, with several conditional manners for sustaining the eco-logical system and environment. The RGC has focused on its forestry
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