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Alan Nelson, Executive Secretary, Union College Humanities Center, Schenectady, New York 12308 the English Record

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Alan Nelson, Executive Secretary, Union College Humanities Center, Schenectady, New York 12308 the English Record DOCUMENT RESUME ED 101 378 CS 201 839 AUTHOR Knudson, Richard L., Ed. TITLE Emphasis: Composition, INSTITUTION New York State English Council. PUB DATE 74 NOTE 113p, AVAILABLE FROM Alan Nelson, Executive Secretary, Union College Humanities Center, Schenectady, New York 12308 ($2.00) JOURNAL CIT The English Record; v26 n1 Entire Issue Winter 1974 EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 HC-$5,70 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS *Composition (Literary); Creative Writing; Elementary Secondary Education; Language Role; Lesson Plans; *Poetry; Reading Skills; Teaching Methods; Vocabulary; *Writing Skills ABSTRACT This issue 'of °The English Record, devoted largely to the teaching of composition, includes such articles as°Writing in the Reading Class"; °A Sequence of Writing Tasks for a Composition Elective for Juniors and Seniors°1 An Inquiry into the Composing Process "; "A Spin-off from Kenneth Koch's 'Wishes, Lies,and Dreams' "; °interdisciplinary Approaches to Teaching Poetry tothe Elementary School Child "; °Individualized instruction and the Rhythmic Claims of Freedom and Discipline; and "Never Write Like You Talk," °Commonplace Book, Venerable Teaching Tool° discusses the history and advantages of using the journal (or commonplace book)and diary as an educational and writing tool. In °What Is Language Sensitivity° the changing role and-meanings of language andits effects are examined. Other articles related to the teaching of composition include °Techniques and Materials for improving Reading Skills in Secondary English,00°The Elementary Pupil asTextbook Consumer, °On Teaching Augustan Poetry**, and °The HandicappedChild in Children's Literature: Themes, Patterns, and Stereotypes.°(TS) tO % VI eAttrAr 'OOP WEALTH. EDUCAIPH4 4 YfrPAICE NATIONAt NSEITUFE OF ESPrOMON 00 ,..,s DOCUMENT -,EN REPRO INko 'VOLXXVIvNo. 1 Duc E D EXACTLY M :VIM FROM THE PE RSON OR oRoANF.t uN ORIGIN Winter, 1974 A ; 11,0, 1 I POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS 144.1\ s int E n DO NOT NECESSARILY REpRe .>t NI OFI ICsAl. NATIONAL INSTITUIE OF ii--4 EDULA I ION POSITION OR POLICY p4 NEW YORK STATE ENGLISH COUNCIL the encitishReam. EMPHASIS: COM MONOGRAPHS of the New York Stets English Council No. 1 Research Paper: A Series of Workshoots for Um in the SolosNigh School by Shard Corbin (revised 1989). 0,50 per copy; for orders of 20 or more $.88 per Y. No.9 Linguistics and Teaching: A Manual of Classroom Pretties.by Robert Yit' Delancey, Northeastern University. $1.50 a copy. No, 10 English Morphophonics: Implications for the Teaching of :Moray by Henry Lee Smith, Jr., State University of New York at Buffalo. $1.75 athigh copy; for orders of 20 or more copies, $1.50. No. 11 On Transformational Grommet: An Introduction for Teachers byRoderick A. Jacob., University of California, San Diego. $1.00 a single copy; forWen of 20 or more copies, CU. No. 12 A Bibliography of New York State Authors from theColonial Period to the Present by Lewis Turco, State University College, Oswego. $1.95 a copy, No, 13 English Teaching in New York Stitt* Public Schools by Roger B. Cawof New York University and John E. Ready of State University Collet*,Buffalo, $1,50 a single NI No, 14 Studies in English to Spook's, of Other Languages and Standard English to Speaker. of a NonStanding Dialect edited by Rudolf' Jacobson, State University College, Cortland. $4,25 per single copy; $4,00 per copy on orders from 20 to 99 copies; $0.75 per copy on orders of one hundred or more. To order monographs, please write:. Peter D. O'Connor State University College Oswego, New York 13126 a SOON TO rilv,p*DI.JcfTHIS COPY TO ERIC AND ORGANIZATIONS OPERATING Mating MATERIAL AS BEEN GRANTED BY UNDER AGREEMENTS WITH THE NATIONAL IN STRIAE OF LDuCATIONFURTHER REPRO New York State DUCTION OUTSIDE THE ERIC sysirra Inguncillish Co (FARES PERMISSION OF THE CoPv1111.1FII the English ReCOR6 Official Publication of the Now York State English Council Copyright New York State English Council 1174 Second Class Postage Paid at Schinactady. N. Y. Editor: Richard L. Knudson Associate Editors: Elizabeth Drake, David Stineback,MarjorieRogers, Charles Cooper 4.r...=gp XXVI WINTER, 1974 No. 1 ...111110,106,1 'ABLE C()NTENTS PAGE Individualized !nun tion and the Rhythmic Claims of Premium and Dist 'Hine Lee Brown 2 Intuielistrltlivars ApprOilUilt's to Teaching Poet's to the Elemental s School Child Carole Marks Schulkind 8 Sot ial Fin tots and Spec( h 1'ciiiation: Saint. ()hsersations in 1Ibans. New York Richard L. Light 15 Eleinetitaiy Point as 1-extbook binstriner 11/alter Holden26 CONIPOSI HON 32 %Vining in the Reading Class Marion Bossari33 A Sequence ul Wining Tasks for a 1'wenty11'eek 1' C:intiposirion Elet list: for juniors and Seniors Thomas P. Callaghan 39 Inducts into the (:oroposing Process Arthur G. Hale 46 A Instilts, Small Remarks. and Other Things 1 Might !lase Said: S A Spinoil hum Kenneth Korli's Wishes. Lies: and Dreams Agnes J. Webb 57 Coinitionidai e Book. 1'enei able Teat lUng Tool Richard E. Drilek 62 What is Language Svirsitisity% Atimorie Drabkin 66 Air the Sak..'s Veiling I's Something? Jerome' Carlin71 (NI w\ et Write like i? You talk Harvey Alinkojj 75 On 'reaching Augustan Poetry John E. Sitter 83 .1,1tvt natives in Veit( hing 1'occibulaty Carol Sinnott 88 Hie Handicapped (:hilt in Children's [Melanin. I helms. Patterns and Stereotypes Barbara Holland Baskin 91 Media Res iew 1.inda C. b.dison 10,1 I.RIC R(Rriant Rodney J. Barth 10b ''But, Teacher..." David ralleholga 110 /101. A.S1A Member of Me NCTI Information Agreement THE ENGLISH RECORD Is minuted quarterly 0411, winter, suing, and unmet) by the New York State English Commit. Editorial Off cs: Richard L. limbo, State Univereity College, Oneonta, New York 13120. General articles of interest to Engliati umbers on ell Rub of instruction ate mood. Msmaeripts ihould be sent with mum pomp whenever paeible, doeumentition should be Included in the tut Witte to the editor u well as book review. are wikome. Membership (inaluding yor's subeetisit on to TM ingek4lo Ruud) $10.0 annually. Individual Issue: HA cock Correspondence, subs wawa and adviffleing should be addrueul to Alan Nelson. gAitIIIIVI Secretary, Union College Humanities Center, Schinuiady, New York 12301. 4 1 Individualized Instruction. And The Rhythmic Claims of Freedom And Discipline' Lee Brown Ralph Tyler (1950) suggests that educational goalsbe sifted through two screensthe screens of psychology and philosophy.And although individualized instruction does not seem to be an educational goal, it is generally justified in terms of learning outcomes. That is, cer- tain behavioral changes are supposed to take place as aresult of a program's being individualized; therefore, it seems mostpertinent that INDIVIDUALIZED INSTRUCTION, which has already passed through the Screen of psychology, be put to the test ofphilosophy. And this will be the business of the next few pages. Specifically I have chosen the educational philosophy ofAlfred North Whitehead to function as that screen. Few figuresbridge the two cultures so magnificentlymathematician, logician, educator, ad- ministrator and defender of the arts. I propose to begin by assigning some specificcharacteristics to the substance of our program before I submit it to the screen. I amconcerned here about one particular kind of individualized programwhich may be more easily identified bythe schemata in Figure 1. (See next page) The Tappan Zee program, less affectionatelyknown as "The System," ironically enough, attempts to do justthatprovide a rational base, or system, to the school's educational effort.Other discriptors which aren't necessarily obvious but are implied bythe diagram are behavioral objectives, mastery learning, continuous progress,and learning activity packages. Other less crucial attributes areResource Centers, open registration, flexible scheduling,and variable staffing. And there is morework-study, independent study, anextended school year, open campusthelist goes on like a bibliography of Dwight Allen training films. These are of course the terms and concepts of contemporaryin- dividualized instruction; however, the task at hand requiresthat we use Professor Whitehead's definitions and constructs.The screen deter- mines the shape, size, and texture of thatwhich will pass through it. In "The Rhythmic Claims of Freedom and Discipline,"the con struct begun earlier In "Aims ofEducation" is elaborated and developed. 2 THE ENGLISH RECORD Threeof its postulates seem to have special implications lot in- di vidualited learning. 'CATION AL PROGRANIS INDIVIDUALIZED GROUP-BASED PERFORNIANCE-BASED "FREE" LINEAR BRANCHING OR ELECTIVE SINGLE ALTERNATIVE LEARNING LEARNING IZI IS PROGRAM STYLE STYLES Figure I. A branching tree diagram for learning programs. The first postulate states that the process of education is divided into three major periods,The Stages of Roman( e, Precision and Genera I itation. These stages, like other stages of growth, ate not discrete but ate evolutionary--41 the first branches of the tree die, the wholetree dies. The Stage of Romance is dominated by an insistent curiosity which requires the freedom to explore. Itt the learning of language, this stage generally begins in infancy and extends into elementary school. The Stage of Romance is crucial because it supplies the bedrock (if interest and meaningfulness upon which the behaviors and exile( cations of the later stages are predicated. It is the teacher's taskto "prevent the dryrot of WINTER, 1974 6 3 inert ideasby keeping this Romance alive during all of the stages of learning. I'lw individualizing teacher in an elective program seems to have some special advantages toward this end; however, the concept of "behavioral objectives" seems to present some special difficulties. Whitehead's discussion of "inert ideas" will -tend tomake any behaviorist slightly uncomfortable. .1.1w behavioral objective, invite of the fact that it represents a dynamic competency, too often lies passively on the unit record sheet. TheLeal:fling Activity Package reflects the behaviorist's prescription for learning success.
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