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Mo.298 the TREATMENT of HUMAN CRUELTY in the NOVELS of MARK TWAIN THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the North Texas St
379( Mo.298 THE TREATMENT OF HUMAN CRUELTY IN THE NOVELS OF MARK TWAIN THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the North Texas State College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS By Jeanne Marie Davis Ford, B. A. Denton, Texas August, 1956 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION . 1 II. PHYSICAL CRUELTY. 24 III. MENTAL CRUELTY 44 IV. CONCLUSION . 58 BIBLIOGRAPHY . .# . 65 iii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Cruelty is present in literature and in life whether handled with the velvet glove of the artist or with the sledge-hammer of the artisan. The pain of the one is deceptive, while the pain of the other is omni- present immediately. Cruelty inflicted through laughter embodies the same principle; that is, the soft-pedaled laugh accompanied by the merest shadow of a sneer can do as much damage to the spirit as the raucous guffaws of an entire hooting, howling audience. From comedy man derives laughter, and within laughter is the element of cruelty; therefore, it will be necessary to discuss several aspects of comedy and laughter as they relate to and clarify cruelty. The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate Mark Twain's awareness of and sensitive reaction to the cruelty which surrounded him throughout his lifetime, and to evaluate his literary use of cruelty for both comic and satiric effects. In general, comedy is an attempt to expose incongruity through laughter. The incongruity arises from that which is out of proportion, affected, pretentious, hypocritical, or pedantic. It may be the sham, folly, stupidity, cruelty, or vices of men. -
Mark Twain and the Bible
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Kentucky University of Kentucky UKnowledge American Literature American Studies 1969 Mark Twain and the Bible Allison Ensor University of Tennessee - Knoxville Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Ensor, Allison, "Mark Twain and the Bible" (1969). American Literature. 4. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_american_literature/4 Mark Twain & The Bible This page intentionally left blank MARK TWAIN & THE JBIJBLE Allison Ensor UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY PRESS Copyright (c) I 969 UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY PRESS, LEXINGTON Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 76-80092 Standard Book NU11lber 8131-1181-1 TO Anne & Beth This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgments THis BOOK could not have been what it is without the assistance of several persons whose help I gratefully acknowledge: Professor Edwin H. Cady, Indiana Uni versity, guided me through the preliminaries of this study; Professor Nathalia Wright, University of Ten nessee, whose study of Melville and the Bible is still a standard work, read my manuscript and made valuable suggestions; Professor Henry Nash Smith, University of California at Berkeley, former editor of the Mark Twain Papers, read an earlier version of the book and encouraged and directed me by his comments on it; the Graduate School of the University of Tennessee awarded me a summer grant, releasing me from teach ing responsibilities for a term so that I might revise the manuscript; and my wife, Anne Lovell Ensor, was will ing to accept Mark Twain as a member of the family for some five years. -
Teaching Mark Twain As Literary Worker Michael J. Kiskis, Elmira College
Teaching American Literature: A Journal of Theory and Practice Summer 2007 (1:3) Challenging the Icon: Teaching Mark Twain as Literary Worker Michael J. Kiskis, Elmira College An explication of Samuel Clemens' organic composing process helps students and readers see the intimate connections among the novels he wrote as Mark Twain, especially those novels completed during the central years of his work as a writer of books: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) , A Tramp Abroad (1880) , The Prince and the Pauper (1881) , Life on the Mississippi (1883) , and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885). These books are intimately related: the first four contribute mightily to the fifth. In fact, Huckleberry Finn would not have been possible without the earlier work that nurtured Clemens' imagination and helped him work through the narrative challenges of presenting the boy's story. Samuel Clemens made much of his status as a "jackleg" novelist. Scholars, however, have worked long and hard to counter Clemens' self- portrait and to give readers a look behind the curtain at Clemens' long and most often organic process of composition. Particular studies of Clemens' composing process, from Bernard DeVoto's Mark Twain at Work to Victor Doyno's Writing Huckleberry Finn and Beginning to Write Huckleberry Finn , have given us a detailed and well-shaded picture of Clemens as a working writer. Joined by examinations of his careful construction of his public persona (Lou Budd's Our Mark Twain is especially good), such studies offer ample evidence of Clemens' meticulous creativity. We know that his was a creativity fueled by voracious reading (see Alan Gribben's Mark Twain's Library: A Reconstruction and Joe Fullton's Mark Twain in the Margins: The Quarry Farm Marginalia and A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court ) and by an almost pathological discipline (perhaps an obsession) that drew him to pen and paper (and even to the typewriter and stenographer). -
Adventures of Tom Sawyer
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Mark Twain THE EMC MASTERPIECE SERIES Access Editions SERIES EDITOR Robert D. Shepherd EMC/Paradigm Publishing St. Paul, Minnesota Staff Credits: For EMC/Paradigm Publishing, St. Paul, Minnesota Laurie Skiba Eileen Slater Editor Editorial Consultant Shannon O’Donnell Taylor Jennifer J. Anderson Associate Editor Assistant Editor For Penobscot School Publishing, Inc., Da nvers, Massachusetts Editorial Design and Production Robert D. Shepherd Cha rles Q. Bent President, Executive Editor Production Manager Christina E. Kolb Sara Day Managing Editor Art Director Kim Leahy Beaudet Diane Castro Editor Compositor Sara Hyry Janet Stebbings Editor Compositor Laurie A. Faria Associate Editor Sharon Salinger Copyeditor Marilyn Murphy Shepherd Editorial Advisor ISBN 0-8219-1637-8 Copyright © 1998 by EMC Corporation All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be adapted, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, elec- tronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without permis- sion from the publishers. Published by EMC/Paradigm Publishing 875 Montreal Way St. Paul, Minnesota 55102 Printed in the United States of America. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 xxx 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 Table of Contents The Life and Works of Mark Twain. v Time Line of Twain’s Life . vii The Historical Context of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. ix Characters in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer . xiii Illustrations. xvi Echoes . xviii Preface . 1 Chapter 1 . 3 Chapter 2 . 11 Chapter 3 . 17 Chapter 4 . 23 Chapter 5 . 32 Chapter 6 . 39 Chapter 7 . 49 Chapter 8 . -
Repetitions in the Most Popular Works of Mark
jo. IaAo REPETITIONS IN THE MOST POPULAR WORKS OF MARK TWAIN THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the North Texas State College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS By Nettie Jackson Chambers, B. A. I 3 Park Springs, Texas August, 1949 I 5 33 - . ^ P p Iy TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Chapter I. INCIDENTS IN THE LIFE OF MARK TWAIN RE- PEATED IN HIS WORKS. .... .*. .. .9 .* II. REPETITIONS OF DESCRIPTIONS, ANIMALS, SUPER- STITIONS, AND INSECTS . 37 Descriptions: cave, dawn, dirt and in- dolence, Holiday's Hill, Joseph's granaries, moon, house, sunset, Sphinx, steamboat ex- plosions, storms, villages. Animals: cats, dogs, hogs, mules, rats. Superstitions: early folklore. Insects: ants, flies, spiders. III. MISCELLANEOUS REPETITIONS IN MANY OF MARK TWAIN'S WORKS ... .. 71 Repetitions: "Buffalo Gals," coffin, corpse, detectives, disguise, dreams, drowning, established church abuses, feud, fickleness, freedom, gullibility, hanging, idiot, illicit love, lies, lunatic, Mississippi River, mummies, Murrel's gang, nobility, pipe, pirates, pray, rotten politics, showing off, Tennessee land, trials-finger-prints- procedure results, treasure. BIBLIOGRAP PYH.*. .0. ..0.. .0. .0... ..* 109 !ii i PREFACE This thesis is an outgrowth of a study begun under the direction of Dr. D. M. McKeithan, who was visiting Professor of English at North Texas State College in the summer session of 1948. The author has chosen repetitions which are most nearly alike and most representative of Mark Twain. The study was limited to repetitions of his own experiences repeated in his works, to repetitions of descriptions of the beautiful and the horrible, and to repetitions which are a result of his humor and a desire to save man from himself. -
Mark Twain's Postmodern View of Identity and the Body
The Recurrent Trope of the Indivisible Body: Mark Twain’s Postmodern View of Identity and the Body The Recurrent Trope of the Indivisible Body: Mark Twain’s Postmodern View of Identity and the Body MITSUISHI Yoko Toyo University I In writing such works as “What Is Man?” in his later years, Mark Twain revealed his larger philosophical interest in human affairs. Even though he was less a systematic theorist than a humorist, Twain’s philosophical thinking provided his novels with a piercing insight that transformed his humor into something more than a joke. In this essay I consider selected humorous remarks and episodes that reference the indivisible body in Twain’s novels in order to show how his persistent interest in the body was ahead of his time, even approaching postmodern understandings of the body as social construct. Twain’s ideological exploration into fundamental questions of the human condition serves as a platform for the critical reassessment of Twain’s later works, many of which were left unfinished or are yet to be mined for their inspired ideas. In Pudd’nhead Wilson (1894), David Wilson’s enigmatic remark about a troublesome barking dog earns him his disgraceful nickname because of its apparent meaninglessness: “I wish I owned half of that dog… Because I would kill my half” (24). Twain’s assigning such a remark to the eponymous character (who also happens to be a lawyer) becomes increasingly significant when we note Twain’s interest in the trope of the indivisible body in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884/5) and also in Those Extraordinary Twins (1894). -
Book Reviews Category of Mark Twain's
Book Reviews 85 category of Mark Twain’s “old-man” figures to include young Satan of The Mysterious Stranger papers-“he is actually 16,000 years old” (p. 61)-Tom of Tom Sawyer Abroad, and David Wilson, the fingerprint expert of Pudd‘nhead Wilson, who functions as both an “old-man” figure and the representative spokesman for community values. Much of the critics’ difficulty with late Mark Twain lies, of course, in the heavy handed conception of his truth tellers as only pieces of “machinery.” Even Blues’ admirable reading of “The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg” cannot make that story better than the moralistic bore it is. Although his general conclusions about both the progressively bitter views of Mark Twain and the mixed success of his fiction offer nothing significantly new, Blues’ imaginatively sustained and sub- stantiated thesis does. And in going against the practice of even the best scholars, he is to be praised for insisting on the use of the full Mark Twain rather than the illogical Twain. Finally, the graceful execution of the text is complemented by a handsome format. Indiana University, Bloomington James H. Justus Poles in American History and Tradition. By Joseph A. Wytrwal. (Detroit : Endurance Press, 1969. Pp. 485. Notes, bibliog- raphy, index. $6.75.) This is an amateur, popular history of the role some Poles have played in American history, with heavy emphasis upon the activities of individuals-some well known (such as Pulaski) and some not-in America’s wars from the war for national independence through Vietnam. It is filled with a marvelous variety of information, some relevant and some not. -
Court Trials in Mark Twain and Other Essays Court Trials in Mark Twain and Other Essays
COURT TRIALS IN MARK TWAIN AND OTHER ESSAYS COURT TRIALS IN MARK TWAIN AND OTHER ESSAYS by D. M. McKEITHAN • MAR TINUS NIJHOFF / 'S-GRAVENHAGE /1958 Copyright 1958 by Martinus Nijlwff, The HagU/!, Netherlands So/tcover reprint o/the hardcover 1st edition 1958 All rights reserved, including the right to translate or to reproduce this book or parts thereof in any form ISBN 978-94-011-8244-7 ISBN 978-94-011-8921-7 (eBook) DOl 10.1007/978-94-011-8921-7 TO M. s. FOREWORD The major section of this volume, dealing with court trials in Mark Twain, is here published for the first time with the exception of the discussion of the trial of Silas Phelps. The account of this trial and the essay entitled "The Source of Mark Twain's Tom Sawyer, Detective" were originally published to gether as "Mark Twain's Tom Sawyer, Detective" in Studia Neophilologica in 1953 (XXV, 161-179). In this section I tried to retain at least a little of the quality of Twain in retelling the stories and on this basis alone it should be judged. The other essays appeared, respectively, in the Philological Quarterly for October, 1953 (XXXII, 353-365), the Tennessee Historical Quarterly for September, 1952 (XI, 246-253), the Southern Folklore Quarterly for December, 1953 (XVII, 241-243), the Philological Quarterly for July, 1948 (XXVII, 276-279), Modern Language Notes for April, 1948 (LXIII, 221-228), and the University of Texas Studies in English for 1949 (XXVIII, 257-270 ). Twain's interest in court trials extended throughout his writing career, and the major court trials appear in books which were published over the years, from The Gilded Age in 1873 to The Mysterious Stranger in 1916, six years after Mark Twain's death. -
Scavenger Hunt Earn Points While You Search for Clues and Information About the Life and Works of America’S Most Beloved Author
Mark Twain Boyhood Home & Museum Scavenger Hunt Earn points while you search for clues and information about the life and works of America’s most beloved author. Names of Team Members: __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Page 2 Scavenger Hunt From the Interpretive Center... 1. Orion Clemens designed 3. When young Sam Clemens’ 5. Look at the wonderful something of historical teacher, Mrs. Horr, told him to sculpture that shows many significance for Nevada. What fetch a switch so she could characters from four of Mark was it? punish him, what did he bring to Twain’s books. Name the four her? books represented: ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ Score: __________/10 points ___________________________ Score: __________/10 points ___________________________ Orion Clemens, Samuel Score: __________/40 points Clemens’ older brother 2. Judging from Samuel Clemens’ mother’s dress, how 4. What job did Sam Clemens would you describe her size? have as a boy that made him a Small/Medium/Large/X-Large student of the “Poor Boys’ 6. Name the two characters College?” that are depicted twice in the ___________________________ sculpture: __________________ ___________________________ Score: __________/10 points ___________________________ ___________________________ Score: __________/10 -
Mark Twain's Further Use of Huck and Tom Axel Knoenagel, University of Hamburg
Mark Twain's Further use of Huck and Tom Axel Knoenagel, University of Hamburg In 1885, Mark Twain published The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, his best and most successful novel. Twain was obviously convinced that the protagonists of his novel carried within themselves the potential for further literary adven tures. In all. Twain attempted four sequels to his most famous novel. Two of these, Tom Sawyer Abroad and Tom Sawyer, Detective, were published, while "Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer Among the Indians" and 'Tom Sawyer's Conspiracy" remained unfinished. None of these attempts, however, comes remotely close to the quality of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. This essay will consider the four sequels in turn and attempt to discover why they failed so greatly in comparison to the origi nal novel. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn indicates the possibility of Huck and Tom going West in a sentence five paragraphs before the end of the novel: "And then Tom he talked along and talked along, and says, le's all three slide out of here one of these nights and get an outfit, and go for howling adventures amongst the Injuns, over in the Territory, for a couple of weeks or two; and I says, all right, that suits me."1 In July 1884, when The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was still several months away from publication. Twain asked his agent to send him ac counts by people who had been to the West because "I mean to take Huck Finn out there."2 The result of Twain's efforts is a fragment of eight and a half chapters, en titled "Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer Among the Indians." The narrative starts right where the novel ended. -
Mark Twain the Contemporary Reviews
Mark Twain The Contemporary Reviews Edited by Louis J. Budd Duke University published by the press syndicate of the university of cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom cambridge university press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK www.cup.cam.ac.uk 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA www.cup.org 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia Ruiz de Alarcon ´ 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Cambridge University Press 1999 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1999 Printed in the United States of America Typeface Sabon 9/11 pt. System MagnaType [AG] A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mark Twain : the contemporary reviews / edited by Louis J. Budd. p. cm. — (The American critical archives ; 11) Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 0-521-39024-9 (hardback) 1. Twain, Mark, 1835–1910—Criticism and interpretation. 2. Humorous stories, American—History and criticism. I. Budd, Louis J. II. Series. PS1338.M298 1999 813′.4—dc21 98-38097 ISBN 0 521 39024 9 hardback Contents Series Editor’s Preface page ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, and Other Sketches (1867) 23 The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrims’ Progress (1869) 33 -
Bibliography
Mark Twain Studies Bibliography Scholarly Books, Dissertations, and English-Language Essays on Mark Twain by Scholars in Japan: 2000-2003 Compiled by ISHIHARA Tsuyoshi This bibliography includes scholarly books, dissertations, and essays on Mark Twain published in Japan. It also contains works published overseas by Japanese scholars. The books and doctoral dissertations cited here are either in English or in Japanese. The essays listed are written exclusively in English. All abstracts in this bibliography were provided directly by the authors; otherwise, only the bibliographical information is given. I am very grateful to Nakagaki Kotaro for his assistance in compiling this bibliography. I also wish to thank the scholars who contributed their abstracts. Books ARIMA, Yoko. Mark Twain Shin–Kenkyu: Yume to Ban’nen no Fantaji [A New Perspective on Mark Twain: Dream and Fantasy in his Later Years.] Tokyo: Sairyusha, 2002. The mysteries of the human mind had haunted Mark Twain ever since he first realized that he had plagiarized, unconsciously, Oliver Wendell Holmes’s dedication in a book of poems. Despite his lifelong philosophical rejection of religious interpretations, five or six years before his death, Twain rather abruptly began using the philosophical or religious concept of the “soul” in two of his major works, namely, No.44, The Mysterious Stranger, and What is Man? This study explores the psychological inclinations and explorations that Twain cherished in private (as known from posthumously published works) and analyzes their influence upon his writings. Inevitably, this essay also takes into account his struggle to find a new literary form; in order to delineate the gloomy and chaotic aspects of the subjective 128 Bibliography human mind, realism no longer served Twain’s purposes.