OHIO Published by THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGIST SOCIETY VOLUME 29 FALL 1979 OF OHIO The Archaeological Society of Ohio Officers^ terms expire 1980 Robert Harter, 1961 Buttermilk Hill, Delaware, Ohio President—Steve Fuller, Associate Editor, Martha P. Otto, 2591 Seville Rd., Wadsworth, Ohio 44281 Ohio Historical Society, Columbus, Ohio Vice President—Frank Otto, Jeff Carskadden, 960 Eastward Circle, Colony North, 1503 Hempwood Dr., Columbus, Ohio Zanesville, Ohio 43701 Executive Secretary—Jan Sorgenfrei, Pandora, Ohio All articles, reviews and comments on the Ohio Archae­ Treasurer—Mike Kish, ologist should be sent to the Editor. Memberships, re­ quests for back issues, changes of address, and other 39 Parkview Ave., Westerville, Ohio matter should be sent to the business office. Recording Secretary—Scott Haskins, Columbus, Ohio PLEASE NOTIFY BUSINESS OFFICE IMMEDIATELY Editor—Robert N. Converse, OF ADDRESS CHANGES. BY POSTAL REGULATIONS 199 Converse Dr., Plain City, Ohio SOCIETY MAIL CANNOT BE FORWARDED. Trustees Editorial Office Term expires Ernest Good, 3402 Civic Place, 199 Converse Drive, Plain City, Ohio 43064 Grove City, Ohio 1980 Business Office William C. Haney, Route 1, Box 256, Summers Redick, 35 West Riverglen Drive, Kittshill, Ohio 45645 1980 Worthington, Ohio 43085 Alva McGraw, 1177 Eastern Ave., Chillicothe, Ohio 45601 1980 Membership and Dues Charles H. Stout, 91 Redbank Dr., Annual dues to the Archaeological Society of Ohio are Fairborn, Ohio 1980 payable on the first of January as follows: Regular mem­ Dana Baker, 17240 TWP Rd. 206 bership $8.50; Husband and wife {one copy of publication) Mt. Victory, Ohio 43340 1982 $9.50; Contributing $25.00. Funds are used for publish­ Steve Balazs, 1010 N. Mulberry St., ing the Ohio Archaeologist. The Archaeological Society Mt. Vernon, Ohio 43050 1982 of Ohio is an incorporated non-profit organization and Douglas Hooks, 120 Yoha Dr., has no paid officers or employees. Mansfield, Ohio 44907 1982 The Ohio Archaeologist is published quarterly and Wayne Mortine, Scott Dr., Oxford Heights, subscription is included in the membership dues. Newscomerstown, Ohio 1982 Back Issues Regional Collaborators Publications and back issues of the Ohio Archaeologist: David W. Kuhn, 2642 Shawnee Rd., Portsmouth, Ohio Ohio Flint Types, by Robert N. Converse $4.00 Charles H. Stout, Sr., 91 Redbank Drive, Fairborn, Ohio Ohio Stone Tools, by Robert N. Converse .... 3.00 Mark W. Long. Box 467, Wellston. Ohio Ohio Slate Types, by Robert N. Converse .... 7.00 Steven Kelley, Seaman. Ohio Back issues—black and white—each 3.00 William Tiell. 13435 Lake Ave., Lakewood, Ohio Back issues—four full color plates—each 3.00 Robert Jackman, Box 30, Wellsville, Ohio 43968 Back issues of the Ohio Archaeologist printed prior James L. Murphy, 102 Wilbur Ave., to 1964 are generally out of print but copies are available Columbus, Ohio 43215 from time to time Write to business office for prices and Gordon Hart, 760 N. Main St., Bluffton, Indiana 46714 availability. STANDING COMMITTEES SPECIAL COMMITTEES NOMINATING COMMITTEE PROGRAM COMMITTEE PRESERVATION COMMITTEE Robert N. Converse, Chairman Jack Hooks, Chairman Dana Baker, Chairman Ensil Chadwick Martha Otto, Chairman Jan Sorgenfrei Wayne Mortine William Tiell Charles Stout, Sr. Don Bapst Charles Stout, Sr. Alva McGraw Jan Sorgenfrei Gordon Hart Bert Drennan David Brose John Winsch AUDITING COMMITTEE Robert Hill, Chairman MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS Don Gehlbach Charles Stout, Jr. COMMITTEE Jack Hooks Owen Cowan Robert Converse, Chairman Kendall Saunders Lar Hothem Tom Stropki Jeff Carskadden Jack Lanam Wayne Mortine Steve Parker Martha Otto EXHIBITS COMMITTEE George Morelock Gordon Hart Steve Balazs, Co-Chairman Ed Hughes RAFFLE COMMITTEE Don Gehlbach, Co-Chairman Charles Voshall Billy Hillen William Haney, Chairman John Baldwin Graig Clola Frank Otto Jerry Hagerty Earl Noble Dorothy Good FRAUDULENT ARTIFACTS EDUCATION AND PUBLICITY COMMITTEE LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE Jan Sorgenfrei, Chairman Mike Kish, Chairman Alva McGraw, Chairman Doug Hooks Lar Hothem Dwight Shipley Don Bapst Dorothy Good David Kuhn Ernest Good Marylyn Harness Gilbert Dilley Jack Hooks Martha Otto Earl Townsend Joy Jones 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PRESIDENT'S PAGE Cooperation Among Amateur and With inclement weather rapidly approach­ Professional Archaeologists 4 ing, our field activities generally become in­ Small Axes 6 creasingly less frequent. Ideally, the winter months present for us an opportunity which An Updated Look At Leo Petroglyph 7 can be capitalized upon by cataloging our Engraved Bird On Polished Slate: artifacts, recording pertinent site data, A Kentucky Tablet 12 and perhaps, by writing an article for The A Novel Exploration of the Origin Archaeologist. and Development of the Birdstone.... 14 An accurately documented surface collec­ An Early Nineteenth Century English tion can be of value in placing the prehistory Button From the Brokaw Site 16 of a particular region into perspective with Some Thoughts On Pipe Collecting even larger areas. By keeping reliable rec­ Techniques 18 ords of our surface collections an otherwise meaningless group of artifacts becomes an Current Research 19 important archaeological collection and tool The Hunt Site (33BL16) Part III- by which others may glean information, in­ Lithics and Pipes 20 sight and knowledge. Which kind of collection A Putnam County Birdstone 25 would you prefer to have? I believe the choice is clear. A Coshocton County Birdstone 26 Evidence for Early Blacksmithing in the The season is also approaching for the re­ Ohio Valley and the Occurrences of newal of our Society membership. Why not "B"-Stamped Trade Axes Near consider giving the gift of an ASO member­ Piqua, Ohio 28 ship to an interested friend or relative? In Two Triangular Point Varieties From addition to helping perpetuate interest in our the Maumee-Sandusky Bay Region . .34 avocation, it is a unique gift which can be ap­ preciated throughout the entire year. Addi­ Exostoses 36 tional membership applications are available Artifacts From the McQueen Collection . .39 from our business office upon request. The Libben Site, Ottawa County, Ohio: Progress was made during the past year Environment, Excavation and towards making meetings more enjoyable and Temporal Position 40 informative. There are, no doubt, still many The Libben Site: The areas which should be, and can be improved Subsistence-Settlement System 42 upon. I once again urge you to participate in, Two Ohio Effigy Types: A Proposed and contribute to, your Society. Your ideas, Classification 44 comments, and constructive criticism, are always welcomed. Remember, this is our So­ An Interesting Engraved Pendant 46 ciety and it is what we make it. Paleodemography At the Eiden Site 47 Book Review 51 Have a safe and happy Holiday season, Necrology 51 Steve Fuller Regional Collaborators News 51 Front Cover This sandstone human effigy, once in the Hill collection of Delaware, Ohio, is reported to have been found in Coshocton County. It is carved from a compact ocher colored sandstone cobble and portrays a somewhat stylized human face. Lines depicting hair flow across the top and sides of this egg-shaped stone which is undrilled. Traces of red ocher are still present and there are splotches of a dark patina on its surface. The cultural affiliation of this puzzling piece is difficult to determine. A sandstone human effigy face was found in the Heinisch Mound of Portsmouth which contained Intrusive Mound artifacts. Other similarities may be noted Back Cover in some Fort Ancient pipes but this artifact is not a pipe An outstanding full grooved axe made of glossy green and being completely finished without further modification of black granitic stone. Collection of Scott Haskins, Columbus, any kind. Collection of Robert N. Converse. Ohio. Cooperation Among Amateur and Professional Archaeologists Toledo, Ohio as an Example* G. Michael Pratt O.H.P.O. Regional Archaeologist The University of Toledo The earliest report of amateur archaeology surrounding Walters' excavations at Indian in the Toledo area can be found in the diary of Hills undoubtedly increased interest and Captain Daniel Cushing, an artillery officer awareness of the archaeology of the area. stationed at Fort Meigs in the spring of 1813. In the late 1960s Dr. Earl J. Prahl began "In almost every place where we have an archaeology program at the University of thrown up the earth we find human Toledo which caught the attention of portions bones in great plenty.'' A fatigue party of the amateur archaeological community. ". digging a trench in front of block Several amateurs contacted Prahl and ex­ houses No. 3 and 4 came upon a pile pressed an interest in becoming involved with of bones where they took out 25 skulls his activities, which resulted in a joint ama­ all in one pit." (in Lindley 1975:129). teur/professional salvage excavation in the However, throughout the 19th and early summer of 1967 when the Harris Yards site 20th century the Toledo area was relatively (subsequently renamed Indian Hills) was untouched by both amateur and professional threatened by construction activities (Wells archaeologist. This was probably a result of ed. 1969). These excavations disclosed the the fact that the area contains but a few location of a large palisaded village area, mounds and earthworks, none of which are midden deposits, and additional ossuary pits impressive in comparison with the mound and and led to increased interest in cooperative earthwork sites of the Ohio drainage which activities. As a result, the Toledo Area Abori­ were the focus of the most of the fieldwork ginal Research Club was formed in the autumn carried out in Ohio during this time. William of 1967. Mills reported a few sites in his atlas (Mills Beginning in the spring of 1968 "Abo" 1903) and the fact that archaeological ma­ club members began working with Prahl and terials were present were noted in a number University of Toledo students on weekend of local histories (Slocum 1905, VanTassel test excavations and during Prahl's second 1929, Waggoner 1888).