EXTENSIONS of REMARKS February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS of REMARKS

3404 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

NATIONAL PARKS REVITALIZA­ Mr. Speaker, the circumstances at our na­ when the concessioner corporation is sold. TION ACT: TIME TO CHANGE tional parks have changed dramatically since Some even argue that concession contracts CONCESSIONER POLICY AT OUR 1965. Our national parks are not commercial allow our national parks to be managed for the NATIONAL PARKS outposts. In fact, many parks are teeming with benefit of concessioners rather than for re­ visitors and the short summer season is grow­ source conservation. HON. MIKE SYNAR ing to 10 months or even year-round visitation To his considerable credit, Secretary Lujan OF OKLAHOMA even in many of the most remote areas. has initiated a reform campaign to correct IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The incentive package provided under the some of these deficiencies. Indeed, the Sec­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 original National Park Concessions Policy Act retary has discretion to take bold action, but has outlived its usefulness. Now, while operat­ he needs legislative support to complete these Mr. SYNAR. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in­ ing a concession at one of our national parks reforms. The National Parks Revitalization Act troduce the National Parks Revitalization Act. has become a lucrative enterprise, the tax­ that I am introducing today will strengthen the Enactment of this amendment to the 1965 Na­ payer is being shortchanged. Secretary's authority to reform concessions tional Park Concessions Policy Act will be The leverage created by the National Park operations, standardize the process of conces­ both good for the taxpayer and the environ­ Concessions Policy Act's incentive package sions reform, and assure a fair return to the ment. has made it virtually impossible for others to taxpayers. Mr. Speaker, it is increasingly clear that the compete against an existing concessioner at This reform effort is vitally important since Federal Government is underpaid for the use one of our national parks. At the end of every most contracts come up for renewal over the of taxpayer assets at national parks. For ex­ concessions contract term, the Secretary of next 5 years, including several large contracts: ample, in 1988 concessioners' gross receipts the Interior must entertain offers from others Sequoia (1991), Yellowstone (1992) and Yo­ totaled about $500 million, but they only paid for improved concessions services or in­ semite (1993). Therefore, we need to give the the Federal Government $12 million in fran­ creased franchise fees, but no one will submit Secretary all the tools necessary to take ad­ chise fees. That equals about 2.5 percent of a bid. Instead enterprising businesses are dis­ vantage of this unique window of opportunity gross income. suaded from submitting proposals because a to construct and proper balance for conces­ In fact, the taxpayers lose $200 million each successful bidder proposal would have to do sions operation. year because national park concessioners do more than simply prepare the highest and best Mr. Speaker, as I have already noted the not return a fair share of the profits to the bid for concessioner services. In fact, a suc­ National Parks Revitalization Act is written as Government. The simple truth is that it is time cessful bidder would have to accept the obli­ an amendment to the 1965 National Park for a change. gation of paying off the possessory interest of Concessions Policy Act so as to take advan­ Concessions contracts create monopolies the existing tenured concessioner and would tage of the better aspects of the existing law over all goods and services consumed at our have to overcome the existing concessioner's while making the changes necessary to fit cur­ national parks, the crown jewels of this Na­ preference. Thus, the incentive package has rent circumstances. tion's natural heritage. But, the contracts and become a nearly perfect barrier to competition The National Parks Revitalization Act will in­ the National Park Concessions Policy Act are for concession opportunities. crease franchise fees from the present aver­ relics of a time gone by. Unfortunately, the loser in all this is the tax­ age of 2.5 percent of gross receipts to 22.5 Mr. Speaker, the existing law is based on a payer, Mr. Speaker. As documented in reports percent of gross receipts. This increase is set of assumptions that are no longer valid. It from the inspector general of the Department consistent with Secretary Lujan's publicly stat­ was enacted at a time in our Nation's history of the Interior [OIG], the U.S. General Ac­ ed objective for concessions reform. This in­ when it was deemed necessary to extend ex­ counting Office, the House Committees on crease will allow the Park Service to acquire traordinary incentives to businesses to operate Small Business and Government Operations the possessory interest of existing conces­ our national parks. At that time--before the and the National Park Service itself, the exist­ sioners and to more adequately fund resource completion of our Interstate Highway System ing contract law and regulations are not in the management, interpretation and conservation revolutionized family trave~ncessions OJ.r public interest. It is time for reform. activities from the proceeds of a reasonable erations in national parks were viewed as risky It is good that concession services are pro­ franchise fee. commercial outposts that we sought to coax vided by the private sector, instead of the But raising franchise fees by itself will not into providing goods, services and hospitality Government, and no one wants to change that remedy our national park concessions protr at remote and scarcely visited locales with a aspect of national park concessions oper­ lems. Congress must agree to return more of short summer season of operations and activi­ ations. However, !t is wrong for concession these dollars to the parks for operation, main­ ties. revenues to be diverted from the National tenance, and capital improvements. Accordingly, the 1965 National Park Con­ Park System's resource conservation needs at Additionally, Mr. Speaker, the National cessions Policy Act created a set of incentives a time when park budgets are stagnant and Parks Revitalization Act prescribes a maxi­ for concessioners, which included low fran­ park visitation is soaring. mum term for concessions contracts, requires chise fees, renewal preference for satisfactory Mr. Speaker, here is a summary of the defi­ concessioners to pay fair market rents and all performance and the rights to acquire, hold ciencies in existing concessions policy, law utilities costs, and phases out the anti-com­ and transfer a possessory interest in struc­ and regulation: Franchise fees for national petitive problems presented by the existing tures, fixtures and improvements upon land park concession contracts are far too low; statute's treatment of renewal preference. The owned by the United States within such areas concession contracts last too long; existing National Parks Revitalization Act will allow the administered by the National Park Service. contractors have a renewal preference and National Park Service and the Secretary of In­ This incentive package worked in the begin­ possessory interest in park structures and fa­ terior to redirect concession operations to be ning, but perhaps it has worked too well. cilities that are preventing open competition; consistent with today's circumstances and While the right of preference renewal and contracts do not charge fair market rents for budget constraints. the rights associated with possessory interest taxpayer-owned facilities; contracts do not Finally, the National Parks Revitalization Act served the initial purposes of attracting private contain standardized language, so the cost of will resolve the argument that concession con­ capital and quality concessions operations to administering them is too high; and, contracts tracts allow our national parks to be managed our national parks, these rights have now be­ allow a concessioner to sell his exclusive use for benefit of concessioners rather than for re­ come significant-and almost insurmount­ of park facilities, low concession fees and source conservation. Under this measure all able-impediments to competition. preference for renewal as intangible assets concession contracts must be consistent with

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

• --..-. •, H- - I ,• --. - .- February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3405 the National Park Service Organic Act, the First, temporarily suspend repayment of di­ the borrower, is called to active duty in the purposes of the act creating the particular unit rect loans made by the Small Business Ad­ military service subsequent to the disburse­ of the National Park System in question and ministration to any borrower called to active ment of the proceeds of such loan. The sus­ its general management plan. pension shall be effective on the date Admin­ duty, or to joint borrowers, such as a husband istration is notified that the borrower has Mr. Speaker, I hope that introduction of the and wife, if one of them is called to active commenced active duty status or, at the National Parks Revitalization Act will help duty. The suspension would continue until 90 election of the borrower it shall be made ef­ frame this important debate and promote re­ days after discharge. fective at any time subsequent to the date form. I believe the National Parks Revitaliza­ Second, temporarily suspend or reduce the the borrower entered active duty status, and tion Act presents a formula that will be good repayment obligation of any direct loan made shall continue for 90 days after such person for both the taxpayers and the environment. I by SBA to a partnership or corporation if the ceases to be on active duty. urge all my colleagues to join me as a co­ SBA determines that the repayment ability of "(d) The Administration shall suspend or sponsor of this legislation. reduce the repayment obligation or any the borrower has been substantially impaired small business concern under a loan made by due to the call to active duty of a person the Administration to a partnership or cor­ who is a principal owner, manager or key em­ ASSISTING THE MEN AND WOMEN poration if it determines that there has been ployee of the borrower. substantial impairment of the repayment OF DESERT STORM Third, authorize SBA to make all of any part ability of the borrower due to the entry on of loan payments due under a guaranteed active duty of any person who is a principal HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE loan if the loan has been made to a corpora­ owner, manager or key employee of such bor­ OF NEW YORK tion or partnership and a principal owner, rower. The suspension shall be effective on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the date the Administration is notified that manager or key employee is called to active such person has commenced active duty sta­ Wednesday, February 6,1991 duty, and tus or, at the election of the borrower it Mr. LaFALCE. Mr. Speaker, today I have in­ Fourth, require SBA to meet with each bor­ shall be made effective at any time subse­ troduced the Small Business Desert Storm rower upon his or her return from active duty quent to the date the person entered active Relief Act of 1991. I am pleased to have been to work out repayment terms. This would in­ duty status, and shall continue for 90 days joined by Representative JOE MCDADE, the clude specific authority for SBA to extend the after such person ceases to be on active duty. ranking minority member on the Small Busi­ terms of the loan, including any "(e) The Administration may agree to reamortization, on ·direct loans and to author­ make all or part of any payments due to any ness Committee, and 14 other committee person pursuant to the terms of any loan members. ize SBA to make payments to the lender guaranteed by the Administration under this The call to active duty of the servicemen under a guaranteed loan for a period of time Act or under the Small Business Investment and women who have been sent to the gulf to allow the borrower to re-establish his or her Act of 1958 if it determines that there has has done far more than jeopardize their lives. business. been substantial impairment of the repay­ Many of them were simply uprooted and were Let us hope that this legislation, and other ment ability of the borrower due to the forced to leave behind their financial obliga­ similarly needed bills, will be enacted promptly entry on active duty of any person who is a tions which they incurred as civilians. Many of and ease the burden a little for those serving principal owner, manager or key employee of these individuals operated mom and pop small us abroad and for their families here at home. such borrower. "(f) Within 60 days after the return to non­ businesses so small that they literally closed The text of the bill follows: active duty status of any person to whom the their doors with a sign, "Gone to war." H.R.- preceding subsections may apply, the Admin­ During World War II, the Soldiers and Sail­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ istration shall arrange a meeting with agen­ ors Civil Relief Act of 1940 was enacted to resentatives of the United States of America in cy personnel and the affected small business permit persons called to active duty to con­ Congress assembled, concern to discuss repayment of the loan. centrate on ftghting a war rather than on pay­ That this Act may be cited as the "Small The Administration is authorized to extend ment of any obligations incurred prior to entry Business Desert Storm Loan Relief Act of the terms of any direct loan, including a onto active duty. This act remains applicable 1991". reamortization thereof, and may make pay­ Sec. 2. The Small Business Act is amended ments to any person of amounts due under to today's situation. by adding the following new section. guaranteed loans for a period of up to 1 year Basically, it suspends the enforcement by "Sec. 28. (a) It is the purpose of this Act to for each 60 days of active duty, but not to ex­ civil action of any obligation of a person called provide assistance in addition to that au­ ceed 5 years of payments. to active duty provided the obligation was in­ thorized by the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil "(g) If the Administration determines that curred prior to entry into active duty. It also Relief Act of 1940 as now in effect or as sub­ a borrower meets the criteria of this section, provides for the reduction of interest rates to sequently amended, and shall not in any way it may, in its discretion, reduce or eliminate 6 percent during the time of active duty. This reduce the benefits of such Relief Act. the assistance provided herein if it deter­ Act applies to obligations to both private par­ "(b) Any small business concern which is mines that the borrower has the financial ties and to the U.S. Government. the obligor of a loan or debenture made, ability to meet the terms and conditions of the obligation without substantially disrupt­ Since then, however, we have established funded or guaranteed by the Small Business Administration under this Act or the Small ing business operations if the applicant is a the Small Business Administration to provide Business Investment Act of 1958 may apply business or without imposing a substantial financial assistance by making direct loans, for assistance under this section. In order to financial burden if the applicant is an indi­ · now primarily to disaster victims, and to guar­ assist persons called to active duty in the vidual disaster loan recipient. Any such de­ anteeing bank loans to small businesses. military service of the United States, the termination shall be only after affording the There are instances not covered by the 1940 Administration (1) is directed to liberally applicant the opportunity to present infor­ act and we need to provide for them just as construe the provisions of this section to mation in person or through others in sup­ last week when we covered tax problems. The benefit such persons and companies substan­ port of the request for assistance. This deter­ soldiers on the front tine have enough to think tially owned by or dependent upon them, (2) mination need not be made pursuant to the is authorized to extend the term of any loan Administrative Procedures Act unless the about without worrying about the bureaucratic or debenture for up to five years beyond the Administration determines that such pro­ and governmental hassles which are normal to maximum term otherwise provided by law, ceedings would be appropriate. peacetime. The Congress, therefore, post­ and (3) is authorized to waive or modify any "(h) As used in this section, the terms: poned the deadline for filing income taxes for of the minimum periods of time or minimum "(1) 'base years' mean the past three years those serving in Operation Desert Storm. income declines specified in this section if it if (A) it is a business loan to a borrower who Congress lieeds to consider all of the other determines that it would be appropriate to has been in business for such time, or such areas. We need to review Federal laws and effectuate the purpose of this Act, but it shorter time as the borrower has been in programs to provide even greater protection to may not do so if it would result in the denial business as determined to be appropriate by persons catled into military service. As part of of assistance to an applicant otherwise eligi­ the Administration but not less than one ble. year, or (B) if it is a disaster loan to an indi­ this effort, and as chairman of the Small Busi­ "(c) The Administration sha.ll temporarily vidual who has taxable income for such time, ness Committee, I have developed new legis­ suepend the repayment obligation of any per­ or such shorter time as determined to be ap­ lation which would expand the coverage of the son under a direct loan made by the Small prop:rlate by the Administration. 1940 law if the law involves the Small Busi­ Business Administration to a borrower if the "(2) 'direct loan' means a loan made under ness Adminiatration. It would: borrower, or any person jointly liable with this Act or the Small Business Investment 3406 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 Act of 1958, and it includes a debenture pur­ found it no longer profitable to operate branch urge my colleagues to join in support of this chased by the Administration under this Act service into mar:ty small towns. Many lines reauthorization. or the Small Business Investment Act of were abandoned, others were allowed to dete­ 1958; riorate to the point that they were no longer "(3) 'loan' also includes a debenture guar­ KINDERHOOK ELKS TO PAY TRffi­ anteed as to repayment by the Administra­ viable. As a result, small towns across the tion; and country, dependent on a single plant, or grain UTE TO STEPHEN R. RACE, SR., "(4) 'military service' means the military elevator, or steel mill, which was in turn de­ PAST EXALTED RULER service of the United States as defined in the pendent on effective rail service, faced eco­ Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940, nomic strangulation. HON. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON 50 U.S.C. App. 511, as amended; The LRFA Program addresses this problem OF NEW YORK "(5) 'obligor' includes the borrower, the is­ with a small injection of Federal money, an im­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES suer of a debenture, and for debentures is­ sued by development companies, the small pressive partnership of Federal, State, and Wednesday, February 6, 1991 local officials with businesses, shippers, and business concern which is financed by the de­ Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I like to think rail lines, and a Jot of planning and hard work. benture proceeds; and that my district, the 24th New York, has a re­ Under LRFA, the Federal Government pro­ "(6) 'substantial impairment' means a de­ markably high number of people I call unsung cline in the income of the borrower over a vides matching grants on either a 7Q-30 or heroes, people who give a great deal of them­ period of a minimum of 3 months which rep­ SQ-50 basis to the project that the Federal selves to their neighbors and communities resents a decline equal to at least 25 per cen­ Rail Administration deems most worthy. The without much fanfare. tum from the average income over the base State's share usually comes from the local years prior to the entry on active duty of a communities or businesses that benefit most Today I'd like to say a few words about one person referred to in subsection (d) above. of those unsung heroes. His name is Stephen "(.i) The authority of the Administration directly from the investment. When the rail line is operable again, a small branch line railroad, R. Race, Sr., past exalted ruler of Kinderhook to make loans or payments under this Act Elks Lodge No. 2530. shall be limited to amounts approved in ad­ able to use more flexible operating procedures vance in appropriations Acts. These are here­ than the major companies, runs the rail line at On March 2, Elks of Lodge No. 2530 will by authorized to be appropriated such sums a profit, without any Government operating honor Mr. Race for his year of dedication and as may be necessary to carry out the provi­ subsidies. unselfish labor and achievements while serv­ sions of this Act.". What is the result? Businesses stay open. A ing as district deputy grand exalted ruler of the Sec. 3. Section 4(c) of the Small Business North Hudson District. The other eight lodges Act is amended as follows: lot of jobs are saved, and others are created. Small communities survive and prosper. In Or­ of the district will also take part in the cere­ "(1) by striking from paragraph (1) "and monies. 8(a)" and inserting in lieu thereof "8(a), 28 egon alone since 1980, a mere $5.6 million and". has saved 5,300 jobs and an annual payroll of As a long-time Elk myself, I ask members of "(2) by striking from paragraph (2) "and $95 million. Towns such as Prineville and this body to join me today in paying our own 8(a)" and inserting in lieu thereof "8(a), 28 Tillamook, Condon, Heppner, Pendleton, and tribute to Stephen R. Race, Sr., for his leader­ and". Monroe have gotten an economic booster ship, service, and commitment in time over the Sec. 4. (a) Due to the necessity of providing past year. immediate assistance to borrowers impacted shot. Those towns may not be familiar to peo­ by military service requirements, and not­ ple outside Oregon, but every State has im­ withstanding any other law, rule or regula­ portant communities such as these that have TAX DEDUCTIONS FROM GROSS tion, the Small Business Administration is benefited or will benefit from the LRFA. Across INCOME authorized and directed to issue interim the country, the names may differ but the final rules and regulations implementing story remains the same: a small up-front in­ HON. OLYMPIA J. SNOWE this Act within ten days of the date of enact­ vestment, a lot of hard work, and a big payoff OF MAINE ment, and the rules shall be effective on pub­ at the end. lication. The Administration may, however, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, Oregon is currently working on solicit comments and modify such rules. Wednesday, February 6,1991 (b) In order that borrowers may become two LRFA-type projects that clearly dem­ aware of the assistance under this Act, the onstrate the good sense of this program. The 'Ms. SNOWE. Mr. Speaker, today I am Administration shall notify every borrower Port of Tillamook Bay Railroad is combining a pleased to reintroduce legislation which gained of the assistance available hereunder within Federal grant with matches from an impres­ strong support in the last Congress. This bill 30 days after the date of enactment. sive list of State and private sources to reha­ would provide tax deductions from gross in­ bilitate the 90-mile line from Tillamook to Hills­ come for individual taxpayers who maintain a REAUTHORIZATION OF THE LOCAL boro. The project will bring a new shipper to household which includes a dependent who RAIL FREIGHT ASSISTANCE PRO­ the line and generate a significant amount of has Alzheimer's disease or a related disorder. GRAM new traffic and revenue. The range of State This measure would allow deductions of ex­ sources willing to ante up their own funds to penses, other than medical, which are related help out is proof of their confidence in the to the home health care, adult day care and HON. RON WYDEN worth of this effort. respite care of an Alzheimer's victim. OF OREGON And in Lake County, the country has joined Since the first Alzheimer's bills were intro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with the Oregon Economic Development De­ duced in the 97th Congress, we have all Wednesday, February 6, 1991 partment, local shippers, the railroad and the grown more aware and knowledgeable about Mr. WYDEN. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ LRFA Program to rehabilitate a 55-mile-long this disease and the impact it has on both the ducing legislation to reauthorize for 3 years track, raising track speeds from 10 to 25 miles individual and the family. Indeed, in a report the Local Rail Freight Assistance Program per hour and providing significant savings in published by the Subcommittee on Human [LRFA], a small but extremely effective effort reduced locomotive and crew costs. Services of the Select Committee on Aging, of of Government investment to preserve freight Mr. Speaker, in these fiscally tight times we which I am the ranking minority member, we rail service to small towns throughout the need to squeeze every benefit possible out of discovered the extent to which families remain counrty. our Federal dollars. The Local Rail Freight As­ involved in the care of the family members Since 1973, the LRFA has compiled an im­ sistance Program should be a model good­ who suffer from Alzheimer's and other such pressive record of helping States fight rail-line sense investment. There are competitive dementias. Family care remains one of the abandonments, rehabilitate branch lines in se­ checks at every level-States must put up most critical factors in preventing or delaying rious disrepair, and construct new rail connec­ their own money, and the LFRA can only se­ nursing home utilization. As discussed in a tions and intermodal terminals. In Oregon and lect the best programs with the highest benefit landmark study published by the Office of across the country, the program has saved the cost ratio-and the payoffs have been consist­ Technology Assessment, a significant number day for many producers, shippers, and com­ ently impressive. Even the prospective budget of caregivers of dementia victims spend more munities. cutter with the greenest eyeshade and the than 40 hours a week in direct per~onal care. With railroad industry deregulation and con­ sharpest pencil would have to acknowledge In the face of the continued and intense in­ solidation during the 1980's, large railroads that this is an intelligent, worthy program. I volvement of the family caregiver, services February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3407 that provide respite from the ongoing pres­ In an interview before her speech, Kennedy THE ANABOLIC STEROIDS sures of care become essential in the touched on the status of American Indians in ENFORCEMENT ACT OF 1991 caregiver's ability to support the Alzheimer's today's culture. "We think by naming victim at home. Home health care, adult day streets and lakes after the Indian tribes that HON. WilliAM J. HUGHFS we've somehow given them their due," she care, and long-term respite care all provide OF NEW JERSEY opportunities to free caregivers from their said. "They want land and the U.S. officials IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES caregiving responsibilities and are crucial in want to give them money, My theory is that Wednesday, February 6,1991 enabling employed caregivers to continue they should take the money, buy guns and Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Speaker, today I intro­ working. Most caregivers willingly provide care take the land. I think it's about time they for dependent and frail elderly family mem­ duce the Anabolic Steroids Enforcement Act of addressed this country in the kind of con­ 1991. This bill amends the Controlled Sub­ bers. Even so, the presence of these support­ cepts we understand-violence." ive services can be a crucial factor in contin­ And Kennedy had pungent opinions on a stances Act to provide felony penalties for ued caregiving activities. number of other matters: coaches and other physical trainers and advis­ Many families are trying to cope with the On foreign affairs: "We belong in the Per­ ers who endeavor to persuade or induce an­ needs of a dependent older Alzheimer's victim sian Gulf like I belong in your bedroom." other person to illegally possess or use ana­ with no financial or professional help. While On religion: "I certainly don't pay any at­ bolic steroids. Anyone convicted of this of­ we seek to provide Government programs for tention to the Bible because nobody else fense shall be subject to up to 2 years' impris­ such victims, we should also provide some tax does. Do we pay attention to the Bible when onment or up to 5 years if the person induced relief for those expenses related to their con­ we urge the Israelis to kill Palestinians? is under 18 years of age. Enactment of this tinued care in the home. Perhaps, by such ac­ On her choice for President: "Who but bill, the substance of which was adopted by Jesse Jackson? I'm madly in love with him. tion we can delay the institutionalization of de­ the House in the 101 st Congress, would rep­ He's the cutest thing I ever saw in my whole resent the culmination of several years of leg­ mentia victims. Surely we can provide financial life, with his little round face and his tiny, relief to their caregivers. islative work. little, heart-shaped chin. He's a doll." The abuse of anabolic steroids, especially On whether Jackson can win: "I think he's by our young athletes, has been a source of already won. The winning mentality is part FLO KENNEDY: ALWAYS TELLS IT of the jock system of values-the winning­ particular concern to me for the past several LIKE IT IS losing thing." years. As chairman of the Subcommittee on On nonviolence: "I think it's a big mistake Crime, I held several hearings on the subject HON. CHARLFS B. RANGEL to announce that you're nonviolent. I don't in both the 1OOth and 101 st Congresses. In the 1OOth Congress, the Subcommittee on OF NEW YORK know why anybody living in a culture based on bullets and anti-ballistic missiles would Crime developed an amendment to the Food, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES talk nonviolence. I think that's a bad tech­ Drug and Cosmetic Act prohibiting distribution Wednesday, February 6, 1991 nique." of, or possession with the intent to distribute, Mr. Rangel. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay spe­ On television: "I have yet to see a serious anabolic steroids for human use without a cial tribute to Florynce R. Kennedy, Esq., in feminist program. Millions of dollars are doctor's prescription. spent on soap operas and subjects that ap­ celebration of her 75th birthday, on Monday, In the second session of the last Congress, peal to women's already-established mis­ I introduced a bill, the Anabolic Steroids Con­ February 11. taken sense of values." Flo Kennedy, who has earned the deep re­ trol Act of 1990, that among other things On women's values: "I think women are placed anabolic steroids on schedule Ill of the spect and admiration of the people of New unduly involved in the breeding syndrome. York, has distinguished herself and won na­ They are taught to be passive, accept non­ Controlled Substances Act. As a schedule Ill tional acclaim as a civil rights lawyer and tire­ sense, keep smiling, and pull in their stom­ substance, illegal possession of anabolic less advocate of the poor. achs." steroids is punishable by up to 1 year in pris­ And even as she has dedicated her talents On how women should handle abusive hus­ on while distribution and possession with the and energies to the great causes she has bands: "Women do the cooking. They can intent to distribute is punishable by up to 5 championed, Flo Kennedy has always spoken buy some poison. . . " years' imprisonment. I am happy to say that her mind, pulling no punches, telling like it is. On attempts to outlaw abortion: "Judges the bulk of this legislation was passed by the Mr. Speaker, in honor of my friend, Flo Ken­ and popes-when you see men in skirts, it's Congress as title XIX of the Crime Control Act nedy, and for the benefit of my colleagues, I time to run." of 1990 and is now the law of the land. The call your attention to a newspaper article. In it, On homophobia: "Homosexuals don't bill I introduce today making it an offense for breed. People are jealous. What's better than Ms. Kennedy comments on a variety of topics, coaches to encourage the use of steroids was life without kids?" and says it best, in her own words. originally part of last year's legislation but, for On her sexuality: She is not a lesbian, but reasons unrelated to its merits, did not survive [From The Providence Journal-Bulletin, Apr. "I don't mind if people think I am. I like to the conference with the other body. '1:1, 1988) be ambiguous." Mr. Speaker, it is clear that abuse of ana­ FLO KENNEDY'S PuNGENT OPINIONS SKEWER On her health: "I've been dying for 15 OUR TIMES years, hopefully with grace and humor. I bolic steroids, synthetic derivatives of the male Just because she's 72 and calls you have three feet of intestine and a fused spine. hormone testosterone, is a serious problem. "darlin'" doesn't mean she's sweet. Flo Ken­ I've had three heart attacks and two strokes, The Subcommittee on Crime found that ana­ nedy, the black activist lawyer, author and or two heart attacks and three strokes, I for­ bolic steroids are being abused for lecturer, may qualify as the nation's most get which. I walk with a walker, Life is hell nontherapeutic purposes at an alarming rate. militant septuagenarian. and then you die.'' They are being abused primarily, but by no She believes, for example, that American On her own outspokenness: "I don't expect means exclusively, by high school, college Indians should arm themselves, occupy the to make friends. If five people don't walk and professional athletes in an effort to en­ land they consider theirs, and violently re­ out, I'm disappointed because I didn't make hance athletic performance and body image. claim it. it too clear. If society's going to be changed, "I submit that there's no group of people Use among young people is disturbingly com­ somebody's got to risk something." mon. Abuse of steroids can have significant in this country we treat worst than the Na­ On what makes her such an expert on ev­ tive Americans. I submit that their non­ adverse health consequences, both physical violence is one of the reasons they're in deep erything: "I'm a human being and a citizen. and psychological. These effects can include trouble." You don't have to be a dentist to know you have a toothache." cardiovascular problems, liver toxicities, Kennedy, who has led civil rights marches changes in sex charactersitics and reproduc­ and written books on sex discrimination and tive capacities, increases in blood pressure abortion, spoke last night at Roger Williams College as part of its first-annual forum on and cholesterol levels, and psychological minority issues. The forum was created in changes commonly referred to as 'roid rage." reaction to last year's theft of an antique What is particularly disturbing is that many weathervane depicting an Indian, a theft young athletes are abusing these steroids at considered a racial incident. the suggestion of, and with the encourage- 3408 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 ment of, their coaches, trainers and athletic in­ THE GRIDLOCK RELIEF FOR again due to the length of the parents' com­ structors. Of course, these are the very people INTERSTATE PROGRAM (GRIP) mute in rush hour traffic. that young athletes should be able to rely The type of funding program we are propos­ upon to help.guard their health and well-being. HON. FRANK R. WOLF ing with GRIP is desperately needed not just This bill, by making it a criminal offense for OF VIRGINIA to increase the capacity of our infrastructure to coaches to encourage athletes to use steroids IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES keep commerce flowing, but also to give back illegally, would help put an end to such exploi­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 to American commuters nationwide a most tation. These people must not be allowed to precious commodity-time for themselves and use their positions of trust and authority by Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, today, with Mr. their families. sacrifiCing the athlete's health and values in a HOYER of Maryland, I am reintroducing legisla­ For example, funds provided under the craven attempt to achieve a competitive edge. tion that takes aim at the traffic congestion GRIP legislation could offer this relief in the Mr. Speaker, I hope that this bill can receive that is making virtual prisoners of all urban/ Washington area by being used to widen 1-66 prompt and favorable attention so that we can suburban Americans who "do time" every day from the Capital Beltway to Prince William protect our young athletes from unscrupulous on the Federal Interstate System during rush County where virtual gridlock occurs every day coaches and trainers. hours. during rush hours. Bottlenecks on the Capital The legislation, which is being introduced by Beltway [1-495] could be eliminated. The Wil­ our colleague, Senator JOHN WARNER, in the son Bridge could be widened or even double­ TRIBUTE TO CAPT. JOHN BORTH, other body is the Gridlock Relief for Interstate decked. USMC Program [GRIP] and its purpose is to help GRIP funds could offer the same potential unshackle American commuters and restore relief to urban/suburban areas nationwide be­ their freedom of movement. cause traffic congestion is not unique to the HON. BENJAMIN L CARDIN Our GRIP bill would begin this process of Washington metropolitan area. At the recent OF MARYLAND unclogging our Nation's urban/suburban arte­ nationwide transportation 2020 forums, wit­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ries by redirecting existing dollars to create a ness after witness catalogued critical transpor­ new Federal highway funding category. This Wednesday, February 6, 1991 tation needs in suburban and urban areas. For new program would be used to expand the ca­ example, California witnesses cited $2 million Mr. CARDIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pacity and safety of heavily traveled portions daily in lost productivity and North Carolina pay tribute to Capt. John Borth of the U.S. of the Federal Interstate Highway System lo­ noted that every one of its cities with more Marine Corps. and the other brave men and cated in suburban and urban areas of the than 100,000 citizens had recently passed a women currently serving in the U.S. Armed country. Two billion dollars a year-roughly major transportation bond issue by over­ Forces in the Persian Gulf. Captain Borth, a half of current set asides for urban/suburban whelming margins. resident of Catonsville, MD, in my third Con­ highway construction-would be made avail­ Our legislation addresses these critical prob­ gressional District, commands a TOW-missile able nationwide for this program. lems by directing Federal funds to heavily platoon near Khafji, Saudi Arabia. On January Funds authorized under our legislation could populated--50,000 or more-areas with high 31, 1991, Captain Borth led troops into Khafji also be used for construction of noise walls or levels of interstate highway congestion. Rural to free 12 of his fellow marines who were other sound abatement devices, acquisition of areas would not be adversely affected be­ trapped behind enemy lines. rights-of-way for construction of mass transit cause the Federal Interstate System is nearly John Borth enlisted in the Marine Corps facilities, and acquisition of land for park-and­ completed and our legislation does not detract right out of high school. Taking advantage of ride type facilities. from other highway funding categories. a Marine platoon leaders class program, he When we introduced this legislation in the In 1956, the Federal Government began the earned a bachelor's degree in economics from last Congress, we struck a chord nationwide, construction of an Interstate Highway System the University of Maryland Baltimore County. marshaling support from dozens of local gov­ from sea to shining sea. With that goal nearly For his valor and service in the gulf crisis, he ernments, industry groups and our colleagues completed, little did anyone envision we would has been promoted from lieutenant to captain. in the House and Senate. The legislation also now be virtually drowning in a sea of traffic in War is a terrible thing. The loss of even a garnered editorial endorsements from several our Nation's urban/suburban centers. single life is a tremendous price for a nation of the Nation's large newspapers such as The On the eve of reauthorizing a new highway to pay. So far, the casualties have been sur­ Atlanta Constitution and The Washington Post. program to replace the current one ending in prisingly low considering that the United We again expect the kind of support that 1992, it is timely to ask: Where do we go from States has over 480,000 soldiers in the Per­ comes to an initiative which offers hope to a here? More accurately perhaps: In virtual traf­ sian Gulf. Nonetheless, every day Captain beleaguered public. fic gridlock, how do we go anywhere from Borth and thousands of other valiant soldiers The nature of the traffic problems endured here? risk their lives to achieve freedom, security, in this Nation's urban/suburban areas is well We think our legislation is an important step peace, and the rule of law. For them, war is chronicled by numbers and headlines that forward in escaping the daily tedium of traffic not an abstraction but a reality. They are not show a shocking descent into total traffic pa­ gridlock and its detrimental effects on our watching the war on CNN; they're f1Qhting it. ralysis. The costs associated with this conges­ quality of life. While Captain Borth is not watching the war tion are tallied in stories about traffic acci­ I urge you to support this legislation and to on CNN, he has appeared on CNN-and ABC dents, lost worker productivity, extra gasoline join us in a nationwide effort to get a GRIP on and NBC. His family has seen him on all three consumption, an businesses that decide not to traffic. networks and has heard him being interviewed locate in a certain area because of inadequate A copy of our legislation and a section-by­ on CBS radio. As Captain Borth's wife, Karyn, infrastructure. section analysis of the bill follow: has observed, ''There are how many hundreds But it is impossible to quantify the human SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS OF THE of thousands of guys who are over there, and costs behind those cost figures. The anxiety GRIDLOCK RELIEF FOR INTERSTATES PRO­ I'm lucky enough to turn on the TV and see that comes with hours of daily commuting not GRAM (GRIP) my husband over there." only reduces worker productivity, it rips at the SECTION 1. URBAN INTERSTATE EXPANSION Captain Borth has demonstrated the cour­ fabric of the family structure. This is especially PROGRAM. age we are all proud ~f as Americans. His so in heavily populated centers where cost of Section 1 provides the Secretary of Trans­ family-Karyn, their 21 month-old daughter living often forces both parents, and almost al­ portation authority to approve projects _for Kelly Lalani, and his parents, Edward and ways, single parents, into the workplace. Chil­ the purpose of expanding the capacity of Florence 8orth-who are here at home, have dren are also caught up in this crushing pace. interstate highways, certain highways built our gratitude for their sacrifiCe and our prayers Far too many time-stressed parents are forced to interstate standards and certain toll roads located within urbanized areas of 50,000 popu­ for his safe return. We join them in looking for­ to go to child care centers earty in the morning lation or more. ward to the day when they will be lucky to drop off children who are stiU rubbing sleep Section 1 also authorizes the Secretary of enough to see their husband, father, and son, from their eyes and brown-bagging not only Transportation to expend funds under this Capt. John Borth, at home rather than on the their lunch, but their breakfast as well. Often program for noise barriers, acquisition of television from thousands of miles away. these families do not reassemble until dusk, rights-of-way for mass transit facilities and

...... - . - February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3409 acquisition of land for construction of park­ mass transit ridership by persons traveling year after the last day of the fiscal year for ing lots to encourage car and van pools and on such route, and acquisition of land (in­ which such sums are authorized. mass transit ridership where capacity ex­ cluding right-of-way) for bikepaths along "(B) DISCRETIONARY PROJECTS.-Sums not panding programs are undertaken. such route if such barriers, right-of-way, or obligated within the time period prescribed SECTION 2. APPORTIONMENT FORMULA. land are or will be located in such urbanized by subparagraph (A) shall lapse and be made Section 2 establishes the formula for ap­ area.". available by the Secretary for projects with­ portioning funds to the states under the ca­ (c) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.- in an urbanized area of 50,000 population or (1) SECTION.-Section 119(a) of such title is more for expanding the capacity of any open­ pacity expansion program. The formula con­ further amended- siders two factors: interstate lane miles lo­ to-traffic route (or portion thereon on the (A) by inserting "RESURFACING AND CAPAC­ Interstate System (other than a highway cated within urbanized areas and vehicle ITY ExPANSION PROGRAMS.-" after "(a)"; miles travelled on those lanes. The two fac­ designated as a part of the Interstate System (B) by indenting and aligning paragraph under section 139 and a toll road on the tors receive weights of 45 percent and 55 per­ (1), as designated by subsection (a) of this cent respectively. Interstate System not subject to an agree­ section, with paragarph (2), as added by such ment under section 119(e) of this title). Such SECTION 3. PERIOD OF AVAILABILITY; subsection (a); and funds shall be made available by the Sec­ DISCRETIONARY USE OF LAPSED FUNDS. (C) in paragraph (1), as so designated, by retary to any other State applying for such Section 3 provides that funds awarded striking "this subsection" each place it ap­ funds, if the Secretary determines that- under this program shall be expended within pears and inserting "this paragraph" and by "(i) the State has obligated all of its appor­ one year after the end of the fiscal year in striking "this section" and inserting "this tionments under section 104(b)(5)(C) other which the funds were authorized. paragraph". than an amount which, by itself is insuffi­ Funds that are not expended within this (2) SECTION 139.-Section 139 of such title is cient to pay the Federal share of the cost of time frame lapse and are made available to amended- such a project which has been submitted by the Secretary of Transportation to distrib­ (A) by inserting before the period at the such State to the Secretary for approval; and ute on a discretionary basis. end of the last sentence of subsection (a) and "(ii) the applicant is willing and able to (I) Section 3 establishes criteria governing the before the period at the end of the fourth obligate the funds within 1 year of the date distribution of discretionary funds. Discre­ sentence of subsection (b) the following: the funds are made available, (ll) apply them tionary funds are available until expended. "and funds available to it under section to a ready-to-commence project, and (ill) in SECTION 4. FEDERAL SHARE. 104(b)(5)(C) of this title for expanding within the case of construction work, begin work urbanized areas of 50,000 population or more Section 4 establishes 80 percent of the cost within 90 days of obligation. of any project undertaken as the federal the capacity of any highway designated as a "(C) PERIOD OF AVAILABILITY OF DISCRE­ share under this program. route on the Interstate System under this TIONARY FUNDS.-Sums made available pursu­ subsection "; and ant to this paragraph shall remain available SECTION 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. (B) by inserting before the period at the until expended.". Section 5 authorizes $2,000,000,000 per year end of the last sentence of subsection (c) the SEC. 4. FEDERAL SHARE. for this program in each of fiscal years 1993, following: "and Federal-aid highway funds Section 120 of title 23, United States Code, 1994, 1995, and 1996. available to it under section 104(b)(5)(C) of is amended by redesignating subsection (n), this title for expanding within urbanized H.R.- and any references thereto, as subsection (o) areas of 50,000 population or more the capac­ and by inserting after subsection (m) the fol­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ ity of any highway designated as a route on lowing new subsection: resentatives of the United States of America in the Interstate System under this sub­ "(D) INTERSTATE CAPACITY EXPANSION Congress assembled, section". PROJECTS.-The Federal share payable on ac­ SECTION 1. URBAN INTERSTATE EXPANSION SEC. 2. APPORTIONMENT FORMULA. count of any project within an urbanized PROORAM. Section 104(b)(5) of title 23, United States area of 50,000 population or more for expand­ (a) IN GENERAL.-Section 119(a) of title 23, Code, is amended by adding at the end the ing the capacity of any open-to-traffic route United States Code, is amended by inserting following new subparagraph: on the Interstate System shall be 80 percent "(1) RESURFACING PROGRAM-" before "The "(C) For expanding within urbanized areas of the total cost thereof.''. Secretary" and by adding at the end the fol­ of 50,000 population or more the capacity of SEC. 5. AUHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. lowing new paragraph: the Interstate System: For the purpose of carrying out the provi­ "(2) CAPACITY EXPANSION PROGRAM.-The "45 percent in the ratio that lane miles on sions of title 23, United States Code, there is Secretary may approve projects within ur­ the interstate routes designated under sec­ authorized to be appropriated out of the banized areas ·of 50,000 population or more for tions 103 and 139(c) of this title (other than Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass expanding the capacity of open-to-traffic those on toll roads not subject to a Secretar­ Transit Account) for expanding within ur­ routes of the Interstate System designated ial agreement provided for in section 119(e) banized areas of 50,000 population or more under sections 103 and 139(c) of this title and of this title) and located within such areas of the capacity of the National System of Inter­ open-to-traffic routes on the Interstate Sys­ each State bears to the total of all such lane state and Defense Highways, $2,000,000,000 per tem designated under section 139(a) and (b) miles within such areas of all States; and 55 fiscal year for each of fiscal years 1993, 1994, of this title; except that the Secretary may percent in the ratio that vehicle miles trav­ 1995, and 1996. only approve a project pursuant to this para­ eled on lanes on the interstate routes des­ graph on a toll road if such toll road is sub­ ignated under sections 103 and 139(c) of this ject to a Secretarial agreement provided for title (other than those on toll roads not sub­ in subsection (e). Sums authorized to be ap­ ject to a Secretarial agreement provided for THE SIMPKINS FAMILY propriated for this paragraph shall be out of in section 119(e) of this title) and located the Highway Trust Fund and shall be appor­ within such areas of each State bears to the HON. JOHN P. HAMMERSCHMIDT tioned in accordance with section 104(b)(5)(C) total of all such vehicle miles within such OF ARKANSAS of this title. The Federal share for any areas of all States. Notwithstanding the pre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES project under this paragraph shall be that ceding sentence no State (excluding any set forth in section 120(n) of this title.". State that has no interstate lane miles) shall Wednesday, February 6, 1991. (b) ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS OF PROJECTS.­ receive less than 1h of 1 percent of the total Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT. Mr. Speaker, we Section 119(c) of such title is amended- apportionment made by this subparagraph all know that this is a great country. One of (!) for any fiscal year.". by striking "Reconstructing" and in­ the principal reasons it is great is because of serting "ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS OF SEC. 3. PERIOD OF AVAILABILITY; DISCRE· PROJECTS.-Reconstruction and capacity ex­ TIONARY USE OF LAPSED FUNDS. its people. I'm speaking of the rank and file pansion projects"; and Section 118(b) of title 23, United States working men and women who do their jobs, (2) by adding at the end of the following Code, is amended by redesignating paragraph pay their taxes, raise their children, and when new sentence: "The Secretary may approve (4), and any references thereto, as paragraph push comes to shove they will fight to pre­ under subsection (a)(2) as a part of a capac­ (5) and by inserting after paragraph (3) the serve our freedom. Most of these people are ity expansion project within an urbanized following new paragraph: only known to their friends and coworkers in area of 50,000 population or more on a route "(4) INTERSTATE CAPACITY EXPANSION the communities where they work. But they of the Interstate System construction of FUNDS.- noise barriers along such route, acquisition "(A) PERIOD OF AVAILABILITY.-Any are the backbone of the spirit and strength of of right-of-way for future construction of amount apportioned to a State for the Inter­ America. mass transit facilities along such route, ac­ state System under section 104(b)(5)(C) of I want to call to my colleagues' attention an quisition of land for construction of parking this title shall continue to be available for unusual family that represents this resolute­ lots to encourage car and van pooling and expenditure in the State for a period of 1 ness. The reason they are unusual is that 3410 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 there are five of them. All railroaders and an He wasn't old enough for the rails so at 14 he tion unanimously after it was introduced by all american brood of the late Mr. and Mrs. took a job in a soda pop plant. There, in four Councilman Leo Kellog. Alvin A. Simpkins of Harrison, AR. I knew their years, he worked up to manager. When he This is just one more example, Mr. Speaker, turned 18, he quit in preparation for a wwn of the overwhelming support the American mother and dad and I knew the boys when draft call on May 18, 1946. On May 13, draft­ they lived in Arkansas. ing was discontinued. people are giving to our troops in the Middle My friend, J.E. Dunlap, Jr., editor and pub­ The boy, now out of work, had a brother East. It is a tribute to the leadership of Presi­ lisher of the Harrison Daily Times has re­ employed by the SP in Carlin. On John dent Bush, and a message to Saddam Hus­ counted some of the Simpkins family story as Simpkins' say so, his kid brother was hired sein that a political victory will be just as im­ he personally recalls it and it was related in and went West, moved into the railroad dor­ possible for him as a military victory. the Free Press Extra of Elko, NV. mitory and was dubbed "Boomer" by the Mr. Speaker, I believe my colleagues will older men. At last he was a railroader. Simpkins says he was the first 18-year-old TRIDUTE TO ALLISON S. McCOY agree as they read the following article that ever hired by the SP. His folks had to sign a the Simpkins are the kind of people and the AND THE ALLISON S. McCOY waiver to allow it. When he climbed down SCHOLARSHIP COMMITTEE kind of family of which we can be justly proud: from the diesel cab last August, it was with A.B. "Boomer" Simpkins-we knew him an exemplary 43 years and 10 months' record around Harrison years ago as "Buck"-got unmarred by a single reportable accident or HON. DONALD M. PAYNE quite a writeup in the newspaper Free Press injury. OF NEW JERSEY Extra of Elko, Nev., recently. It was in 1957, a few years after "Boomer's" IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The feature with pictures covered a whole return from Korea that he and Rhonda Wednesday, February 6, 1991 page and was entitled: "Boomer' Simpkins: Reddert were man·ied. She had come from A love Affair With Trains." Mancos, Colo., to teach high school. Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I Simpkins is one of five railroading They had four children-all are college would like to bring to the attention of my col­ Simpkins borthers, children of the late Mr. educated. Unhappily, the oldest boy, Brit, leagues an event that will take place on Fri­ and Mrs. Alvin A. Simpkins, who resided on was killed in a training accident in the U.S. day, February 8, 1991. The Allison S. McCoy Edge Heights. Air Force a few years ago. Twin daughters, Scholarship Fund will hold its second annual The five Simpkins boys included: Luke has Brenda Sue and Glenda Lou (nice Southern celebration of African-American history. put in 40 years on the railroad and is still names, says Rhonda), were good basketball working; John was a railroader for 38 years; players and both graduated Magna Cum The Allison S. McCoy Scholarship Fund was Gus put in almost four decades railroading; Laude from Carlin High School. Brenda is established 2 years ago to support Passaic, the late "Ford" Simpkins was a Carlin rail­ married and living in Texas. Glenda, with NJ, high school gradutes in need of financial roader for 33 years, and "Boomer" who re.,. the Crusade for Christ, is in Russia and the aid. It was established in the honor of Mr. Alli­ tired after 44 years. youngest boy, Lee is a senior at the Univer­ son S. McCoy by a group of six Passaic public Their father, Alvin, was a Harrison rail­ sity of Nevada Reno. school teachers. road man and during the Great Depression The article concludes that "Boomer's" Allison S. McCoy began his career in the often shoveled as many as 20 tons of coal all love affair with trains is probably not over field of education as a special education night to fuel steam engines at the M&NA even though his daily rides have ceased. shops, now the area of Edwards Grocery and There are toy railroads in the basement teacher. He became the princiapl of school Miller Hardware. (once owned by his son), a clay engine and No. 7 and went on to become the school dis­ It is interesting to note that "Boomer" caboose his daughters m·ade when they were triers director of special education. Mr. McCoy and his four brothers had a perfect safety in grammer school, many paintings of en­ has the distinction of serving as the first Afri­ record with no reportable accidents in their gines hanging on the walls and a porch col­ can-American superintendent of schools in collective 193 years riding the rails. lection of antique train lanterns, torches, oil Passaic. "Boomer" has lived in Carlin since 1946 ex­ cans and bells. In days such as these, when our young cept for a couple of years when, as a master Happy retirement, "Boomer" and I'm people need to see viable, realistic role mod­ sergeant, he supervised a supply train oper­ proud to have known all the Simpkins boys. ation during the Korean War. He Q.rove the My father shoveled coal (a hostler) for the els, we are indeed fortunate to have educators first engine, a light diesel, across a rebuilt old M&NA back in the early 20s, too. like Allison S. McCoy. We must also pay trib­ railroad bridge on the Han River in South ute to the six educators who saw the need to Korea in 1952, and was one of the first per­ give birth to the scholarship fund. These six sons members of the 142nd Field Artillery SCHODACK (NY) TOWN BOARD EX­ individuals are Blanche E. Harris, Unda Reid, from Harrison saw when they reached South PRESSES SUPPORT FOR AMER­ Dorothy Lassiter, Helen Baltimore, Genevieve Korea. ICAN TROOPS Hardy, and Anita Croix. "Boomer" was called into service in 1950 Mr. Speaker, I am sure my colleagues will four years after getting his first railroad job with Southern Pacific in Carlin after having want to join me as I congraturalte the mem­ HON. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON bers of the Allison S. McCoy Scholarship been recommended by his older brother, OF NEW YORK John. Committee for their participation in providing a "Boomer's" love for the silver rails, big IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES means to brighter futures for our young peo­ black engines and brass bells has not Wednesday, February 6, 1991 ple. I also want to pay special tribute to Mr. Al­ dimmed since he was old enough to hear a lison S. McCoy, who is now retired, and his steam engine's drawn-out whistle of the old Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, with a great deal of pride and pleasure I bring to your at­ wife, Mrs. Vernell White McCoy, an educator M&NA which passed through Harrison and in the city of Newark, for their many years of near his residence on Eagle Heights. tention a resolution passed by the Town Board Hanging in his living room today is a of Schodack, NY, in support of our troops in contributions toward the well-being of our soci­ painting done especially for "Boomer" of a the Middle East. ety. little boy sitting on a wood fence watching a The resolution read: train in the distance. His hoe and shovel lie unattended in the garden behind him. The Whereas, our men and women of the Armed TRIBUTE TO A FALLEN Forces are currently stationed in the Middle FIREFIGHTER adult railroader says the painting is typical East, and may be called upon to go into bat­ of his and his brothers' attitudes as they tle, and grew up. He said their tiny mother could not Whereas, many residents of the Capital HON. ELTON GAU.EGLY keep them home and they often ran off to OF CALIFORNIA the train yard to watch the engines switch. District have relatives and loved ones serv­ ing in the Middle East, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES One of her methods to keep track of the lit­ Now, therefore, be it resolved that the Wednesday, February 6, 1991 tle tykes was to dress them in girls' clothes, Town Board of Schodack hereby gratefully but even that was not enough to keep acknowledges the service of the men and Mr. GALLEGL Y. Mr. Speaker, as a member "Boomer" home. Trains fascinated him. He of the Congressional Fire Services Caucus, I could hardly wait to become a railroader. women of our Armed Forces, and hopes and He grew up during the Great Depression prays for a peaceful resolution of the current rise today with great sadness to pay tribute to here in Harrison. When World War n was crisis and safe return home. a hero. coming on and his dad was out of a job be­ Mr. Speaker, I wish to commend the town James E. Howe, a 22-year firefighter with cause of a strike, "Boomer" went to work. fathers of Schodack, who passed this resolu- the Los Angeles County Fire Department, re- February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3411 cently became the first L.A. County firefighter must give way. Sometimes we must sacrifice Uno Restaurant Corp.; Dennis B. in 12 years to die in the line of duty. Trag­ peace to preserve the values that define us as Mullen, Chairman, President & CEO, a people. Those misguided protesters would Famous Restaurants; Robert J. ically, the fire he was fighting was caused by Nugent, Jr.; President, Jack in the an arsonist. undermine our brave troops in the Persian -Box; Michael P. O'Donnell, President & Fireman Howe, who lived in Newhall, CA, Gulf. But the protesters' numbers are not as CEO, The Ground Round, Inc. was working to put out a fire at a Huntington large as one would surmise from watching tel­ James L. Peterson, President, Park minimall when a facade collapsed on him evision. Whataburger, Inc.; William E. Prather, and five other firefighers, pinning them for as Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like to in­ Jr., President & CEO, Hardee's Food long as a one-half hour. While the other fire­ troduce into the RECORD a letter to the Presi­ Systems, Inc.; Mitchell E. Rhodes, fighters survived, Mr. Howe never regained dent signed by representatives of the single Chairman, President & CEO, Le Peep largest retail employer in the United States­ Restaurants; Richard Rivera, President consciousness and died a week later. & CEO, TGI Friday's; Leonard H. Rob­ It was a mark of how devoted Mr. Howe the restaurant industry. This letter dem­ erts, Chairman & CEO, Shoney's Inc.; was to his profession that he was still serving onstrates their deep support for the Presi­ Robert M. Rosenberg, President & CEO, in an area plagued by many fires when his se­ dent's policy and our troops in the Persian Dunkin Donuts of America. niority entitled him to a quieter, less-risky as­ Gulf. John J. Russell, Jr., President, Colony signment. But he loved his job and was looked It is Americans such as these who under­ Hotels & Resorts; Donald J. Slater, up to by his colleagues. stand that despite the brutality of war, the al­ President, S & A Restaurant Corp.; Hal W. Smith, President, Chi-Chi's, Inc.; Mr. Speaker, I am proud that James Howe ternatives in this situation are worse in the end. Frank H. Steed, President & CEO, was a constituent of mine. I ask my col­ Country Kitchesn International; Mi­ leagues to join me in offering our sympathies Letter to the President follows: chael A. Valerio, Chairman, Papa to his wife, Nancy, and their daughters Leslie FEBRUARY 5, 1991. Ginos of America, Inc.; Jane Y. Wal­ and Debra. His courage and dedication will be President GEORGE W. BUSH, lace, Vice President & Publisher, Res­ missed. The White House, taurants & Institutions; Charles D. 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Way, President & CEO, Ryan's Family Washington, DC. Steak Houses, Inc.; Richard B. Berman, DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: We, the undersigned, President, Berman & Company, Inc. RESTAURANT INDUSTRY LEADERS stand united in support of our American men SUPPORT OUR TROOPS IN THE and women who have dedicated themselves PERSIAN GULF to upholding the United States' commitment RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN to United Nations Security Council Resolu­ THE UNITED STATES-THE CRIT­ HON. DAVE McCURDY tion 678. ICAL NEED FOR COOPERATION OF OKLAHOMA We believe it is vitally important for all Americans to unite behind your pursuit of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES justice. Saddam Hussein's campaign of ter­ HON. MICHAEL A. ANDREWS Wednesday, February 6, 1991 ror, violations of the Geneva Prisoner of War OF TEXAS Accords, and intentional attacks on civilian IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. McCURDY. Mr. Speaker, I believe it is populations have been condemned by the important that we recognize most Americans world community. We want the Iraqi regime Wednesday, February 6, 1991 support our troops and our policy in the Middle to understand that countless Americans are Mr. ANDREWS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, re­ East. For every protester trying to link our bat­ united behind our men and women and your search and development [R&D] results in eco­ tle against terror and aggression in the Per­ leadership in stopping this aggression and es­ nomic growth and enhances the quality of our sian Gulf with the failed policy in Vietnam, tablishing stability in the Persian Gulf. lives. Investment in R&D is critical for the fu­ In honor of all those who have given the there are many others who understand that it last full measure of devotion in upholding ture of our Nation. is America's duty, as the leader of the free their Nation's commitment, we urge you to I think by anyone's assessment 1990 was world, to stand up to lawlessness. As the remain steadfast and resolute. an unusually tough year on Capitol Hill and greatest power on Earth, it falls upon the Unit­ Sincerely, the Nation in general. The prolonged budget ed States to defend the rule of international (Affiliation listed for identification pur­ process, the deficit, the savings and loan cri­ law. poses only): sis, the Persian Gulf and the recession all Saddam Hussein has assaulted the dignity Charles Bernstein, Editor, Nation's Res­ played a part and the effects of those prob­ and humanity of mankind. We cannot allow taurant Business; Norman Brinker, lems will not disappear any time soon. Chairman of the Board, Chili's, Inc.; M. him to continue his occupation of Kuwait. We Michael Casey, President & CEO, El In this time of scarce resources, the good cannot excuse his unprovoked attacks on the Torito Restaurants, Inc.; Clinton A. news is that research and development out­ Israeli people. To do so would cede all hope Clark, President & CEO, Jerrico; Ralph scored all the other categories of Federal of achieving security and lasting peace in the Erben, President & CEO, Luby's Cafe­ spending in the budget, with about a 12-per­ region. It is a credit to the spirit of the Amer­ terias, Inc.; Walter J. Ganzi, Jr., Presi­ cent increase. Large programs like the ican people that we did not turn inward and ig­ dent, Palm Management Corp. supercollider and the space station took hits nore Saddam's atrocities. Fred P. Gonzales, President, JB's Res­ and are growing more slowly than some of us taurants, Inc.; Jackson W. Goodall, Jr., might hope. But others like the human ge­ The men and women serving in the Amer­ Chairman, President & CEO, ican Armed Forces in the Gulf are there to ac­ Foodmaker, Inc.; Carl Hays, President, nome did pretty well. complish a just end to Saddam's unprovoked Al Copeland Enterprises, Inc.; Richard Unfortunately, according to the Congres­ aggression. Those who have paid the ultimate K. Herzer, Chairman & President, !hop sional Research Service, Federal research price al')d laid down their lives have done so Corp.; Frederick R. Hipp, President, and development spending will increase by for a noble purpose. This body should recog­ Gilbert/Robinson, Inc.; J. Michael Jen­ only 3 percent in this fiscal year, which is one­ nize that their deaths are not in vain. kins, President & CEO, Metromedia half the scientific inflation rate. There has Under U.N. Security Council Resolution 678 Steakhouses, Inc. been a lot of rhetoric from both the White Louis I. Kane, Co-Chairman & CEO, Au and article 51 of the U.N. Charter, we have Bon Pain; Donald Karcher, President, House and Capitol Hill about the United States the legal authority to stand against aggression. Carl Karcher Enterprises, Inc.; John B. losing its competitive edge, yet it appears we Under the burden of world leadership, we Lahourcade, Chairman of the Board, are still losing ground. have that duty. Our soldiers, sailors, marines, Luby's Cafeterias, Inc.; Steven R. The really bad news is that the Budget Rec­ and airmen champion respect for human rights Leipsner, President & CEO, Service onciliation Act of 1990 provides for an annual and fundamental freedoms. Our cause is just. America Corp.; Raymond W. growth rate of 3. 7 percent for nondefense dis­ We are right. We will prevail. Lindstrom, President, Restaurants Un­ cretionary spending. That will very likely place limited, Inc.; Carl D. Long, President, severe limits on future increases for civilian I understand that those protesting our in­ The Krystal Co. volvement in the gulf mean well. They recog­ James C. Malmberg, President & CEO, R&D funding. But we must find ways to im­ nize that peace is a valued possession that Piccadilly Cafeterias, Inc.; James H. prove the state of R&D in this country. we should pursue and treasure. It is not, how­ Maynard, Chairman & CEO, Golden As the cold war releases its grip on inter­ ever, our supreme aim, before which all else Corral Corp.; Craig Miller, President, national politics, a new competition over trade

49-059 0-95 Vol. 137 !Pt. 3> 12 3412 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 and technology will take its place. That means The quality of U.S. science is not in ques­ ship are crucial. This strategy will work. It al­ that before we launch into any new chal­ tion. U.S. citizens won more than half the ready has worked. lenges, we must first regain America's com­ Nobel prizes in the past decade. What is at In the area of biotechnology, success will petitive edge. But how, when dollars are so question is our ability to compete. With fewer not automatically follow from advancing scarce? dollars, our ability to compete is going to come science. It will depend on the cooperation be­ In the eighties we went from the world's down to our ability to work as a team, the abil­ tween the Federal Government, the univer­ largest creditor nation, to it's largest debtor. ity of our Government, industry and academic sities and private enterprise. It has taken time We now owe more than Poland, Brazil, and institutions to cooperate rather than operate as for these scientists, teachers, and innovators Mexico combined. This deficit has been erod­ entitles always at arms length. to reach Washington. But they are succeeding ing our competitive edge and causing that The governments of other nations provide because they are working together. standard of living for American working fami­ substantial incentives for research and devel­ Another case in point is not a segment of lies to decline. Some areas of the country opment. Twenty-five percent of the tax bene­ science, but an industry-government consor­ have been particularly hard hit. The South and fits in the Japanese Tax Code are allocated to tium. SEMATECH members are working to­ the Northeast have been hit hard because of R&D incentives. France, Germany, Canada, gether to change the culture of the semi­ the emphasis on manufacturing in those and many others also provide substantial tax conductor industry. Among other things it fa­ areas. benefits to support R&D. If we provide less, cilitates sharing of technical advances among That's why the nineties will be key to chart­ our companies are at a disadvantage. its members and emphasizes long-term strate­ ing a new direction for America. Even with the For instance, the Federal Government could gies and partnerships which will make the increasingly gloomy economic outlook, we play a huge role in stimulation of high-tech­ United States more competitive internationally need to slash our budget deficit, bolster our nology manufacturing performance by enact­ and will help preserve our industrial base. capital investment markets and boost our ing a permanent research and development These examples show that the teaming ap­ high-technology industries. Failure to do those tax credit. As a member of the House Ways proach works and why groups like the South­ things in the nineties will mean losing our and Means Committee, this is an issue I have ern Technology Council are so important. That edge. It will mean standing by while Europe, devoted a lot of effort to. This credit has been is also why the congressional Sun Belt caucus Japan, Korea, and others push us aside and temporarily · extended several times in recent R&D task force is being formed. take up the mantle that has been ours since the end of World War II. Our country's future years and will expire again at the end of this Members of Congress have expressed an rests on our ability to strengthen our tech­ year. This start and stop approach of Con­ interest in expanding the role of Federal re­ nology infrastructure and to commercialize gress wreaks havoc on a company's long term search and development funding at Sun Belt technology advancements. planning for research and development. We colleges and universities. There is a strong For some time our high-technology leader­ are undermining our own goal of encouraging sense that the Sun Belt is frequently over­ ship has been under siege. Industry after in­ long term investment. I have been proud to looked when Federal funding for grants is par­ dustry, foreign competitors have made deep lead the fight for the permanent extension of celed out. I know you are familiar with the inroads into markets pioneered and once the credit, and I will continue to do my best to studies which support this as more than a per­ dominated by American companies. We have ensure that my colleagues realize its impor­ ception. The Members also want to find ways watched the pillars of our economy fall. Steel, tance. to increase America's competitiveness, and autos, and energy have been decimated. We Now without continuing to preach to the improving the ability of Sun Belt companies to have almost no consumer electronics industry choir too much, let me mention a few of the compete. to speak of anymore and our machine tool in­ successes we had in this area during this last The task force will be bipartisan, and will be dustry, semiconductors and even session of Congress, and what I and some of cochaired by myself and Congressman DON supercomputers have been seriously threat­ my colleagues are planning for this year. SuNDQUIST of Tennessee. Initially, we will ened. The Math, Science and Engineering Edu­ have between 15 and 20 Members of Con­ Many countries exhibit their strength in cation Act became public law. Among other gress on the task force. Our specific plan of space as an indicator for future international things, it establishes a program of 10 regional attack is still being formulated. Because of the economic competitiveness. For example, the consortia to provide technical assistance to budget debate last fall, the fact that it was an French Arianespace now controls a majority of schools in math, science and engineering. election year and because of the Persian Gulf the world's commercial satellite launching This year the Congress repealed existing most of the Members have been stretched business. The United States invests one-fifth law applicable to independent research and pretty thin and we are not as far along as we as much in communications research as our development in Department of Defense con­ had planned at this point. foreign competitors, one-seventeenth as much tracting. It ordered the Department of Defense Also, like many of you we have limited re­ in remote sensing, and one-third as much in to revise its regulations to allow R&D pay­ sources. But we are excited about this task materials processing. A consortium of Japa­ ments to contractors who can demostrate that force, and will need your help and advice if we nese business has established the Japan their research is "of potential interest." are to contribute to helping R&D flourish in the Space Utilization Promotoin Center. And that Previously the regulations required that con­ Sun Belt. government plans to spend $5 billion by the tractors demonstrate a "direct benefit to de­ An example of one of the items we plan to year 2000 to commercialize space. fense technolgy." The new law also states that work on is something pointed out in the STC's In the aea of superconductivity, the Japa­ items of potential interest would do such strategy for the nineties-expansion of the nese MITI has two research consortia which things as strengthen the U.S. industrial and EPSCoR program. Other areas where the task involve extensive industrial participation. One technological base, enchance U.S. competi­ force may have a positive impact are, of conducts both basic R&D and work on mate­ tiveness, lead to improvement in the environ­ course, tax law-since a few of us are on the rials processing which will be a key to future ment and allow for technologies to benefit not Ways and Means Committee-and in the area commercialization of the technology. The other only the pentagon but the commercial sector of technology transfer. carries out R&D on materials and on design of as well. The task force will examine ways to in­ equipment for power generation. In the area of agricultural R&D, funds will be crease access to equity capital for small busi­ Even though commercialization of used to strengthen the Federal-State partner­ nesses which need financing for product de­ superconductivity is years down the road, ship for agricultural research at Federal lair velopment. We also intend to study ways to those who are working on materials problems oratories and universities. Ten percent of enhance coordination among the Federal now will have a big jump on the competition those funds are marked for improvement of agencies conducting or contracting for re­ when advances in basic R&D permit market­ the research infrastructure of less competitive search. In a time of limited funds, eliminating able application. So much of our R&D is either colleges and universities. duplication of effort is one of the benefits that defense related or conducted in Government All three of these cases, indicate a dawning would flow from increased coordination. labs. We need to forge the kind of link be­ recognition of the need for cooperation among A previous Sun Belt task force made a dif­ tween industry and government that Japan those responsible for R&D. The Southern ference in the area of welfare reform. We has, and to make academia an integral part of Technology Council's strategy for the nineties were able to put forth a legislative program the process. stresses the fact that cooperation and partner- that helped the South. I am confident that the February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3413 Sun Belt caucus will also achieve successes Things are going too well. The technology In all of these efforts, Marian Stokes' superb in R&D. we have invested in is doing its job. The allied record of achievement has gained her the re­ I have studied the STC's strategy and noted forces are slowly but steadily stripping Sad­ spect of all who know her. that you suggest several specific areas in dam Hussein of his military prowess. Mr. Speaker, I commend Marian Stokes for which the Federal Government can contribute. So, what's the problem, you say? It's obvi­ her years of service, and I wish her much I hope to hear from some of you today on ous. There's not enough to criticize. There's health, happiness, and fulfillment in the years what progress has been made in those areas not enough bad news. We don't have anything to come. and what remains to be done. negative to "leak" to our friends in the media. As we all realize, increased support for Mr. Speaker, a resolution was introduced on R&D, high-technology industry and education January 3d, House Resolution 19, that calls HONORING JOHN W. WINTERS is critical. Because we may not be able to get for the submission by the President of a broad the kind of funds we think these areas de­ range of sensitive information about Operation HON. DAVID E. PRICE serve, cooperation between State and Federal Desert Shield. Specifically, every plan, report, OF NORTH CAROLINA Government, industry and universities is criti­ memo or briefing paper, whether classified or IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cal. If unclassified. we can develop good working relation­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 ships, they will steer us on a course in the Even though the debate has been hel~ right direction in this decade and into the next even though the leadership on both sides of Mr. PRICE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to rec­ century. As cochair of the R&D task force I the aisle have voiced their support for our ognize the outstanding contributions and ac­ look forward to working with you in forging troops in the fiel~o-sponsors are still being complishments of John W. Winters-a promi­ those relationships. added to this resolution. nent statesman, real estate developer, and I have to ask-why? businessman in my district. My suspicion is that we have too many John W. Winters has been an active partici­ AMERICAN PEOPLE ARE NOT Members who not only want to play Secretary pant in the Raleigh, NC, community for many GOING TO LET SOME OF THE of State, but Commander in Chief as well. As years. Since 1957, he has constructed afford­ PRESS TURN TillS WAR INTO A if that wasn't bad enough, _think of the con­ able housing for Raleigh's black community. MEDIA cmcus sequences for our troops if this body ever did He continues in these efforts to this day and get hold of such detailed military information. is now developing the Martin Deporess inde­ HON. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON With the record of "leaks" around here, you pendent living facilities, built especially for the OF NEW YORK can bet that Saddam Hussein would have that physically and mentally disadvantaged. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES information in weeks, if not days. Subcommittee on Housing had the chance Wednesday, February 6, 1991 Mr. Speaker, I ask you to intercede with during a field hearing last session to hear from those Members on your side of the aisle who Mr. Winters and he made a strong case for in­ Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, these are not are pushing this terrible idea-if not for the creasing our commitment to affordable hous­ good days for Bryant Gumbel, "Today Show" sake of the President's constitutional role as ing in this country. anchorman and designated whiner. Commander in Chief-then for the sake of our John Winters has also had an outstanding After all, America is winning a war, Ronald troops' safety. career in public service. As a leader in the civil Reagan's wisdom, which Gumbel publicly de­ rights movement in our State, John Winters tested, is being vindicated, and President has worked diligently to ensure equality for all Bush, another Gumbel punching bag, is on a TRIBUTE TO MARIAN STOKES citizens in our communities. In 1961, John roll. Winters became the first black elected to the And now, to top it off, Gumbel is finding out HON. PAUL E. GILLMOR Raleigh City Council and went on in 1967, to that Americans like soldiers better than they OF OHIO become the first black elected to the North like anchormen. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Carolina Senate since Reconstruction. He has The other day Gumbel said it was "distress­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 served on the State's utility commission, help­ ing"-thars right, distressing-that Americans Mr. GILLMOR. Mr. Speaker, I want to take ing maintain utility rates at affordable levels. are quite happy with the wartime censorship John Winters is a man with an extraordinary that's saving the lives of our brave American this opportunity to pay tribute to Marian Stokes, an outstanding county recorder and commitment to the State and community. As soldiers. he and his wife, Marie, celebrate their 50th .You see, Mr. Speaker, to Bryant Gumbel political leader in Ohio's Fifth Congressional District, on the occasion of her retirement. wedding anniversary this week, I want to pay and his ilk, the safety of our troops and the special tribute to an outstanding husband, fa­ security of our operations are quite secondary. Through more than 23 years of acclaimed service in the Sandusky County courthouse, ther and leader in my district. I am enclosing The comfort and egos of reporters seem to for the record a copy of a profile of Mr. Win­ be more important to him. Marian Stokes has shown a unique dedication to performing her duties and fulfilling her civic ters which was featured in the Triangle Busi­ Evidently, he can't bear the idea of an ness weekly newspaper last week. American victory, he wants another American obligations with the utmost efficiency and com­ A BUILDER OF OPPORTUNITIES humiliation, another Vietnam. petence. I have known Marian Stokes for (By Ginger A. Moore) Well, there's not going to be another Viet­ many years, and know that her commitment to nam. public service will stand as a hallmark for oth­ A striking, pensive man appears in the ers to emulate. doorway, shaking his head and meeting his Because this time the American people are guests eye-to-eye. "John Winters is late too not going to let some of the press tum this Marian Stokes' leadership has been evident in a number of challenging and important posi­ many times," he laments, offering his hand. war into a media circus with Bryant Gumbel as tions. Her legendary commitment to public "I apologize." ringmaster. No excuses about the lousy weather, about service and political activism goes back to her a trek in the traffic from the Research Tri­ childhood. angle Park or about all the other appoint­ HOUSE RESOLUTION 19 In addition to being county recorder, Marian ments he had to meet before ending his week Stokes' list of accomplishments is long and facing this interview. John Wesley Winters HON. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON impressive: Director of the county board of isn't big on excuses-for himself or others. elections; county Republican chairwoman and Winters easily could have relied on excuses OF NEW YORK to slide by in a world where he had to find IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES president of the Sandusky County Republican Women's Organization, both for more than two work on the streets of New York City before Wednesday, February 6, 1991 decades; a Republican State committee­ he was 10 years old and later when prejudice Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, it seems that made it difficult for a young, industrious woman; secretary of the Ohio Republican black man to have a fair shake in the busi­ there is a certain amount of chafing here in Party; two-time delegate to the Republican ness world. But instead he took what he the House, perhaps a certain anxiety in some National Convention; president of the Ohio learned and turned it into a business of his quarters, about the course of our military ac­ Elected Officials Association; and the list goes own, a political career and a lifetime devoted tions in the Persian Gulf. on. to helping others find opportunity. 3414 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 In 1957, after building his own home, Win­ the Caribbean, Europe, South America and fluential people while serving as head waiter ters answered the requests of people in Ra­ the United States. It was on these excursions at the Sir Walter Raleigh Hotel. leigh's black communities and began build­ that Winters learned new languages and saw "There's plenty of other people around ing single-family homes. It was a risky step the parallel between beauty and poverty. here who came up through the ranks the in a society that still placed certain limits "In parts of the Caribbean, I was amazed at same way," said Winters. "I think that's not on blacks, but Winters said he was motivated the beauty and appalled at the abject pov­ as big a deal anymore and people are prob­ to create a better community. He went to erty," he said. "And that's part of what ably real tired of hearing those stories." bat for many who found obtaining a mort­ made me want to change things here." Despite the modesty, Winters' pride in his gage almost impossible, giving new meaning Winters left Virginia State, returned to political career is evident. Elected in 1961 as to " creative financing." Raleigh and married Marie Montague, whom the first black to serve on Raleigh City "So many people needed that opportunity he had met on an earlier visit. "I thought, Council, Winters went on to serve until 1967 to just get started, to find some affordable my gracious, she's worth coming back to," when his business needed more attention. He property and build a home," said Winters, a Winters said. "On Feb. 3, we'll celebrate 50 remained involved in politics, however. Raleigh native. "And once I got started, I years together." They have eight children, "Part of the effort to remove the shackles had a captive audience." several of whom are helping Winters in the of segregation and do something about the Winters finds it unfortunate that South­ family business. His daughter, Seanne Win­ community rather than just talking about it east Raleigh no longer is the drawing card it ters, is a property manager, and another was for [a black] to become politically ac­ was when he began John W. Winters & Com­ daughter, Donna Winters Laroche, is taking tive," he said. pany. over the reins. "She's been great about put­ Winters participated in civil rights "We experienced and are still experiencing ting her energy into the business and helping marches and by 1974 was elected state sen­ a lot of out-migration and we're not attract­ us ride over this downswing," Winters said. ator. He and Senator Fred Alexander were ing people to the area," Winters said, whose As with many real estate companies, the the first blacks elected to this position since company is built on land owned by his fam­ downswing is causing Winters & Company to Reconstruction. In 1977, Winters was ap­ ily for almost 200 years. "When it's perceived reassess the direction of business and look at pointed by Governor James B. Hunt Jr. to that [people] have less than the finest aes­ alternatives. But Winters has rarely taken the N.C. Utilities Commission, which en­ thetics to choose from, they go other places. the easy route. Determined to provide hous­ abled him to serve the interest of the low-in­ But I still want to see Southeast Raleigh ing for low-income people who might other­ come population by helping set utility rates. make a comeback." wise not be able to find living quarters, he According to Hunt, Winters was a "man both As a boy, Winters lived near the corner of has always worked in a challenging area. experienced in the business world and par­ Martin and East streets in Downtown Ra­ "There is so much absentee landlord own­ ticularly sensitive to the needs of disadvan­ leigh, where his office is now located. Along ership here [in Southeast Raleigh]," he said. taged citizens." with a collection in his office of family pic­ "We can change all that if we can get people "No matter what capacity I was serving in, tures and mementos of his political career is to come together to make the area more at­ I never wanted to forget the average people," a 19th-century birds-eye view engraving of tractive. There's a start with what's going said Winters, who has rubbed shoulders with the Capitol, with the Winters homesite as a on downtown, but we also need to provide a many of the country's highest ranking poli­ landmark. pleasant place for people to live." ticians. "And I never wanted to use my office Winters left the homesite when he was 9 Two such residences are Wintershaven and for personal or financial gain. People recog­ years old to live in New York with an older Summershaven, projects developed for the nize that and remember it. I had a lot of peo­ sister after his mother's death. He didn't re­ elderly and low-income population. With the ple who helped me and encouraged me, both turn to the area for nearly 10 years. Winters subsidy provided by both Winters & Com­ in the white and black communities." believes part of the reason he had the for­ pany and the government, housing is avail­ Winters declines to single out who heads titude and motivation to build a business able for people at below median income or the list of those who helped him the most and keep the family property came from his poverty level. professionally. "I hate to call names because experience growing up in a big city and the "Our apartments don't allow us to live a you inevitably leave out people, such as love and guidance from his two older sisters. life of luxury," Winters added. "We deal with Wade Morrow Jr. who discussed North Caro­ "They added credence to our growth and people who primarily don't have cash flow lina history with me, and John A. Coffey, safeguard," he said, referring to himself and and that's why an economic downturn, such who warned me of the pitfalls and how to two younger sisters, "and I am very grateful as what is happening now, really adversely prepare myself [for dealing with the public]. 1 to my sisters for having the wisdom they did affects us." There were too many to put into this story." in raising us. I had to become industrious as Despite the adversity, Winters' newest As for his own contributions, Winters is a child in order to have spending money and project is one of his favorites. The Martin proud of his legislation to eliminate sub­ the experience of growing up in New York, in DePorees Apartments off Garner Road are standard roads in the state, his efforts to the city, taught me a lot about self suffi­ built especially for the physically and men­ deter discrimination, and to kindle the spirit ciency." tally handicapped who can still monitor of urban renewal. "You need to value person­ Like many young boys in New York, Win­ themselves enough to live independently. alities more than property," he said, "and ters sold newspapers on the subway, shined Winters, a Catholic, said the project is we sometimes forget that." shoes and even worked as an errand boy at named for a Black South American sainted Despite his accomplishments, Winters has the Apollo Theater while he went to school. for his service to the poor and underprivi­ at least one regret: During the Carter admin­ He still found time to become captain of the leged. istration, he was being considered for the Boy's High School Boxing Team. As a 147- Hargett Oaks, a cooperative public and pri­ post of U.S. ambassador to the Bahamas, but pound welterweight, he traveled on weekends vate effort providing low- and moderate-in­ he took his name out of consideration in with a professional boxing club, fighting come housing, is another project. Winters order to serve on the Utilities Commission. · under an assumed Spanish name to protect hopes this will become a combined residen­ "Either place, I thought I could do some his amateur status, a common practice tial and office zoning area. He credits an­ good. That's [the ambassadorship] something among young fighters on the circuit. other one of his alma maters, St. I would have like to have done that I never "Those were good times," Winters recalled Augustine's College, as a contributing part­ did, but there still might be an opportunity. with a smile. "You could earn $25 a weekend ner in such projects. "I hope it will also open You don't have to be a young man," he said and that could take you pretty far in those up doors to the students who will be training with a smile. days." in business and real estate, as well as give At 71, Winters isn't ready to stop. This is Winters' athletic talent also won him a them a perspective on how they can help the a man who started parachuting and water football scholarship to Long Island Univer­ community," said Winters, who also serves skiing in his 40s and learned to snow ski at sity and later to Virginia State University on the St. Augustine's board of trustees. His 60 while setting up a utility training school where he studied English literature, hoping firm has also built several shopping centers at the University of Utah. Keeping with his to become a writer and travel. and commercial buildings in Southeast Ra­ interest in energy and the quality of air and "I used to go down to Battery Park and leigh. water, Winters has joined a consortium that watch the ships going out to sea," said Win­ John Winters has drawn not only from his markets environmental products. Although ters, who is presently writing a book about faith, but from experiences that have this means giving less attention to his busi­ his life and experiences. "You know that brought success. Yet many of those experi­ ness, he feels confident that his children and song 'Faraway Places'? Well, I'd hear that ences were unpleasant. He undermines his other employees will serve Winters & Com­ song and watch those ships leave and I'd Horatio Alger story: A man who worked as a pany well. dream about going to all those places and night skycap at RDU while he built houses "Perhaps having too many dreams or such writing about them." , during the day; a man who drove a milk a desire for public service has hurt [his busi­ Although he hasn't fulfilled that dream, truck and delivered campaign information ness] at times, but being able to serve at Winters has traveled extensively throughout for Governor Kerr Scott; a man who met in- those crucial times and sharing in the pol- February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3415 icy-making and administration of the city" eral ChesapealLebanon. This message has been ential force in shaping our economic future. siderable destruction and concerned many of made clearly and repeatedly to Syrian and Estimates from the National Center for Em­ us in the Congress. Lebanon continues to be Lebanese government representatives, in­ ployee Ownership (NCEO) show that approxi­ an important country for the United States. We cluding at meetings held between President mately 11 million American employees are Bush and Lebanese Prime Minister al-Huss covered by 11,000 ESOPs, controlling almost want the civil war there to end but we do not think reconciliation can occur when violence is and between Secretary Baker and Syrian $50 billion in assets. An NCEO survey showed Foreign Minister Shara in New York on Sep­ that typical ESOP benefits total twice an used and negotiations are avoided. My letter of December 20 and the Depart­ tember 28, 1990. The Secretary underlined employee's pay in 10 years, and six times this same point most recently on October 16 that pay in 20 years. What really frightens ment of State's reply of January 23 follow: some people about ESOPs, however, is not in a news conference when he said: "The COMMITI'EE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS, United States is not in the business of giving money; it is power. The specter of workers HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, asserting ownership rights-control, if you green lights for violence anywhere, including Washington, DC, December 20, 1990. in Lebanon." This firm and consistent posi­ will-haunts the one-dimensional capitalist. Hon. JAMES A. BAKER ill, Let's not kid ourselves: Ownership rights tion of the U.S. Government was not in any Secrtary of State, Department of State, Wash­ way influenced or weakened by Syria's co­ will eventually be part of the ESOP equa­ ington, DC. tion-if not now, then later. Why is this so DEAR MR. SECRETARY: I appreciate your operation in the Desert Shield operation. terrifying? reply of December 11, 1990 to a letter of Octo­ Your second question addressed the issue There are several examples in the U.S. of ber 29, 1990 sent to you by four Members of of U.S.-French coordination of policy on this kind of employee-ownership/worker-con­ Congress concerning U.S. policy toward Leb­ Lebanon. The U.S. Government has con­ trol. Weirton Steel is a West Virginia cor­ anon. sulted on a regular basis on Lebanon with poration owned by 8,000 proud employees. In following up on your reply, I would like the French government, given our common Weirton is not immobilized by the maladies to ask a number of further questions: interest in seeing peace restored there. The predicted by ESOP skeptics. Ownership, in 1. Did the United States give any "green French Government in recent months has fact, provides a hefty incentive for everyone light" to Syria to go in to end the Aoun re­ been firm in its support for the Taif Agree­ to work harder and work together. Tradi­ bellion? ment and the need to support President tional ownership patterns often lead to an Did the Syrians have reason to believe the Hrawi and the legitimate government of Leb­ adversarial relationship between manage­ U.S. would not object to their actions, given anon. The French Government clearly op­ ment and labor, resulting in distrust, strikes U.S.-Syrian cooperation in Desert Shield? posed military action against General Aoun and non-competitiveness. Did we communicate to Syria any objec­ in October, but they had been urging him to Americans now face the challenge of inter­ tion prior to, or during, its military action step aside. national competition as never before. Our against General Aoun? Japanese competitors have the advantage of Your third question dealt with atrocities 2. Did the U.S. communicate and coordi­ which allegedly took place on October 13. a culture that stresses cooperation and rein­ nate its position on Lebanon with France forces the worker's identification with his or prior to Syria's military action against Gen­ There were many conflicting reports of her company. What better way to compete eral Aoun? atrocities carried out during and after the with this collectivist mentality than to en­ What was your understanding of France's joint Lebanese/Syrian military action sure that our working people own a bigger position prior to Syria's October 13th action? against the rebel forces of General Aoun on share, if not a controlling share, in their Did France give any "green light" to October 13, 1990. These have included accusa­ companies? Syria? tions that Aoun forces fired on Syrian troops OWNERSHIP + PROFIT MOTIVE = PRODUCTIVITY 3. Did Syrian forces slaughter several hun­ who were tricked into believing that the pro­ dred of Aoun's supporters after they had al­ Aoun troops had surrendered, and that a mu­ Rather than fearing working people, free tual massacre ensured. Other reports include enterprisers should ensure that workers have ready surrendered? an ownership stake in the system and em­ Are we pressing the Syrians on this ques­ accusations that Syrian forces executed pro­ brace them. The ESOP is a tool that can tion and seeking a full accounting of their Aoun officers and civilians in the hours after build a freer, more productive America. The actions? the October 13 assault. In light of the many ESOP provides us with an opportunity to Why would syria view our objections to conflicting accounts, and in the absence of privatize entrenched government programs, their actions in Lebanon seriously, given the an American Embassy in Beirut at the time like the Postal Service. The ESOP offers a President's willingness to meet with Presi­ of Aoun's ouster, we are not able to confirm method of turning the socialist economies of dent Asad just six weeks later? or deny these accusations of atrocities. the East into market systems with wide­ 4. Many Lebanese who view themselves as Your fourth question addressed the conten­ spread support and offers us a way to ener­ friends of the United States are deeply criti­ tion that the international community, in­ gize our own corporations, from the board cal of U.S. policy. They contend that the cluding the U.S., stood by and condoned Syr­ room to the assembly line. international community, including the ian aggression in Lebanon on October 13. We Free enterprise advocates laud the profit United States, stood by and condoned Syrian should not lose sight of the fact that the as­ motive, yet the vast majority of those en­ aggression. How do you respond to this criticism of sault on General Aoun was undertaken by a gaged in economic activity are part of the joint Lebanese/Syrian force, at the direct re­ wage system, not the profit system. The U.S. policy? What specific steps did the U.S. take to quest of Lebanese President Elias Hrawi. We sooner we energize all our people with the have already pointed out that the U.S. gave profit motive, the better off we'll all be. stop Syria's military action? I appreciate your attention to the ques­ no "green light." We had counseled against America has always led the way in expand­ violence with both the Syrian and Lebanese ing the freedom of the common man. Em­ tions above and look forward to your reply. With best regards, governments. ployee ownership is freedom's next step. It is I would like to underline that our policy America's next step. Sincerely, LEE H. HAMILTON, on Lebanon remains firm and consistent. Chairman, Subcommittee on The U.S. Government supports the unity, Europe and the Middle East. independence, sovereignty and territorial in­ UNITED STATES POLICY IN tegrity of Lebanon, as well as the with­ LEBANON U.S. DEPARTMENT STATE, drawal of all non-Lebanese forces from Leba­ Washington, DC, January 23, 1991. nese territory and the disbandment of all mi­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON Hon. LEE H. HAMILTON, litias. We believe that the Taif Agreement Chairman, Subcommittee on Europe and the offers the best chances for restoring peace OF INDIANA Middle East, House of Representatives. and national reconciliation to Lebanon. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: I am responding on Secretary Baker's behalf to your letter of I hope that I have been able to address Wednesday, February 6, 1991 December 20 concerning U.S. policy toward your concerns. Sincerely yours, Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to Lebanon and Syria's involvement in the Oc­ tober 13 operation that ousted rebel General JANET G. MULLINS, bring to the attention of my colleagues an ex­ Assistant Secretary, Legislative Affairs. change of letters with the Department of State Aoun. In answer to your first question, the U.S. regarding United States policy toward Leb­ Government did not give Syria any "green anon during the events of last October when light" to go in and end the rebellion by Gen­ Lebanon and Syria undertook an operation eral Aoun. For 15 years the U.S. has argued that ousted General Aoun. against the use of violence to resolve dis- February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3419 THE PORT OF PORTLAND'S lOOTH one of the great figures in American sports INTRODUCTION OF THE OIL RECY­ ANNIVERSARY and a man who basically raised a sport from CLING INCENTIVES ACT, THE its infancy level to that of a major national NEWSPRINT RECYCLING INCEN­ HON. RON WYDEN pastime. TIVES ACT, THE TffiE RECY­ OF OREGON Red Grange may well have been the great­ CLING INCENTIVES ACT, AND IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES est collegiate football player in history. He had THE BATTERY RECYCLING IN­ CENTIVES ACT Wednesday, February 6,1991 an elusive, powerful running style. Even today it is remarkable to sit down and look at the Mr. WYDEN. Mr. Speaker, the port of Port­ grainy films of some of this memorable colle­ land turns 100 years old on February 18, HON. ESTEBAN EDWARD TORRES giate and professional performances. To OF CALIFORNIA 1991 , and I would like to offer my congratula­ watch Mr. Grange weave his way through an tions on a successful first century and my IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 11-man defense set up to specifically stop him hopes for a prosperous second century. almost encourages one to believe they are Wednesday, February 6, 1991 From its simple beginning as an agency to viewing magic. Of all his individual game dredge a navigational channel from Portland Mr. TORRES. Mr. Speaker, recycling isn't to the sea, the port has grown into a major achievements, perhaps the one which will al­ something that just happens. Recycling isn't trading center, with five diverse operating ways be remembered and never be topped something that happens because we all feel areas of aviation, marine, ship repair, real es­ was his performance in the 1924 Michigan warm and fuzzy about Earth Day and saving tate, and dredging. Through these enterprises, game when he led his Illinois team to a 39-to- Mother Earth. the port contributes economic energy to the 14 victory. Recycling doesn't happen because we sep­ entire State, encouraging $12 billion in trade a In that game Red Grange returned the arate our newsprint or our aluminum cans year, stimulating more than $9 million a day in opening kickoff 95 yards for a touchdown. A from the rest of our trash. economic activity, and creating some 38,000 few minutes later on Illinois' first play from Recycling doesn't happen because it makes jobs throughout the State. The Portland Ship scrimmage, he ran 67 yards for a second us feel good. Repair Yard, alone, completes 50 percent of touchdown. He followed that with two more Mr. Speaker, let's be real clear about some­ all ship repair work on the west coast. touchdown runs of 54 and 45 yards all in the thing. Recycling is the process of turning a The port has grown rapidly in recent years, first 12 minutes of. the game. Later in the waste into a new product. and expects to continue to grow quickly in the game he ran for a fifth touchdown and also Recycling is a business. future. It is currently engaged in a major effort threw a 2Q-yard touchdown pass. In that game Recycling happens because someone can to deepen the Columbia River channel to Red played 41 minutes and produced 402 make a profit turning garbage into a product guarantee access to the port for the next gen­ yards of total offense. Damon Runyon once someone else needs. erations of ships, guaranteeing that Portland wrote of him "He is three or four men rolled Recycling will not occur in a meaningful will remain an important calling point on the into one. He is Jack Dempsey, Babe Ruth, AI way, unless a profit can be made. Sometimes west coast. It is working to lock in commit­ Jolson, Paavo Nurmi, and Man o' War." recycling happens, sometimes it doesn't. It all ments from shippers and manufacturers that Red Grange worked his way through college depends on the market. will ensure a steady flow of activity. And it is delivering 20Q-pound blocks of ice and becom­ Today, I am here to introduce four recycling thinking farsightedly about what Portland's ing known as the Wheaton ice man. He en­ bills on used oil, tires, newsprint and lead-acid trade needs will be in the future and what it joyed a tremendous collegiate and profes­ batteries. These bills all use a market-incen­ can do to meet them. sional football career. His football prowess tive approach to guarantee that recycling will Mr. Speaker, many people say we are on brought him a second nickname, that of "the occur. This is essential because these waste products are not being recycled. the threshold of the Pacific century. They pre­ Galloping Ghost." He was one of the charter Mr. Speaker, do you know how much it dict that over the next decades, America's members of the Pro Football Hall of Fame as economic focus and destiny will lie primarily costs to recycle aluminum as opposed to cre­ well as the National Football Foundation's Col­ ating new aluminum cans from virgin bauxite? with the Pacific rim. Well, Oregon already lege Football Hall of Fame. In 1969 when knows all about trade with Asia; well over half When you factor in the energy savings, members of the Football Writers of America transportation costs and the price of the raw of Oregon's $12 billion annual trade is with chose the all time college football team, Red Asian and Pacific countries. If the next century materials, you find out why aluminum bev­ Grange was the only unanimous choice. erage can recycling is economically feasible. truly becomes the Pacific century, then After his football career he lent his talents to chances are good it will also be Oregon's cen­ If you look at the costs involved in recycling many pursuits. He was an actor, a radio and used oil, you'd understand why used oil tury. And if that does come to pass, I am con­ television announcer and a business man. In fident that the Port of Portland will play a lead­ doesn't get recycled. It's cheaper to pump vir­ the business world in Florida he was involved ing role in handling and promoting the growing gin crude out of the ground in the Persian with the real estate business, owned his own trade between the west coast and the Far Gulf, transport it to the United States, refine it orange grove, and owned his own insurance East. into petroleum products including lubricant agency. In recent years he enjoyed the beauty base stock, package it and sell it than it is to of Florida and devoted many of his days to collect it from the hundreds of millions of do­ HAROLD "RED" GRANGE boating and golf. Red unfortunately had been it-yourself oil changers, transport it back to hospitalized since July and succumbed last one of the three rerefiners in the United HON. ANDY IRELAND Monday due to complications from pneumonia. States, rerefine it, repackage it and sell it His only survivor was his wife of 49 years OF FLORIDA again. It is simply cheaper to continue to use Margaret "Muggs" Grange of Lake Wales, FL. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES virgin oil than to use rerefined oil. Harold "Red" Grange was our last larger The legislative package that I and more Wednesday, February 6, 1991 than life hero from the golden age of American than 50 of my colleagues are introducing Mr. IRELAND. Mr. Speaker, it is with great sports. He long outlived all his peers from that today will significantly adjust the economics of sadness that I rise today to inform you and the golden age; Babe Ruth, Bill Tilden, Johnny used oil recycling to make recycling less costly American public of the death January 28 in In­ Weissmuller, Jack Dempsey, and Bobby and disposal of this valuable, nonrenewable dian Lakes Estates, FL, at the age of 87 of Jones. Red Grange's legend and accomplish­ resource, less attractive. Harold "Red" Grange. It is not often that an ments will live on as long as the game of foot­ Our proposal would require that the oil com­ individual reaches the level of becoming a leg­ ball is played. Mr. Speaker, I leave you with panies which produce these lube oils partici­ end in one's own lifetime, but Red Grange the words Grantland Rice once put on paper pate in the recycling of that oil. achieved that many decades ago. Born on about Red: We are also introducing the same type of June 13, 1903, in Forksville, PA he was raised A streak of fire, a breath of flame, eluding proposal for newsprint, lead-acid batteries and in Wheaton, IL. He went on to become not all who reach the clutch; A gray ghost tires. These are all products which can easily only one of the greatest players ever to ap­ thrown into the game that rivals' hands may be recycled, but are not being recycled be­ pear on the Nation's football fields, but also never touch. cause of adverse economics. The legislation 3420 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 that we are introducing will change this situa­ SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY the Administration's position of not support­ tion. INCOME FOR AMERICAN SAMOA ing legislation to provide the SSI program for American Samoa. Please be informed that in the very near HON. ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA future, I intend to introduce a bill which will IN FOND REMEMBRANCE OF JEAN OF SAMOA authorize qualified individuals in American CAMPER CAHN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Samoa to receive SSI benefits. This bill is Wednesday, February 6,1991 identical to H.R. 3981 which I introduced in the lOlst Congress. I am writing to seek your HON. ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, today I support for this legislation. OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA introduced legislation which will provide basic There are about 1,600 poverty-level aged assistance for the 1,600 indigent, aged, blind and disabled individuals in American Samoa. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES or disabled residents in American Samoa. I in­ These individuals receive little or no public Wednesday, February 6, 1991 troduced the same legislation (H.R. 3981) in support and are unable to provide for their the 101st Congress but it did not become law. own support. They do not qualify for Title IT Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, Jean Camper Social Security benefits because when those Many of the elderly and disabled in Amer­ Cahn, who died last month, was a pioneer in benefits were adopted in American Samoa, ican Samoa are without any form of public creating legal and other services for the poor they did not have sufficient time remaining support, and little private support. Private and and a determined fighter against injustice in all in their working careers to qualify for bene­ public employee retirement programs and title fits. Those who worked for the American its forms. With her husband, Edgar, she insti­ II, Social Security benefits were both intro­ Samoa Government (ASG), a large employer tutionalized her work in founding the Antioch duced in Samoa too late for most of these in­ in Samoa, are not eligible for the ASG re­ School of Law, now called the District of Co­ dividuals to qualify. American Samoa does not tirement program because this system was lumbia School of Law, which emphasizes a participate in AFDC or Food Stamp Programs, also implemented too late for them to qual­ clinical approach that enhances both the ify. Neither did smaller employers provide programs which are available to all the States retirement plans in those years. teaching of law and the provision of services and territories. The SSI Program provides a to the poor. Ms. Cahn had a brilliant and prob­ The best estimate I have as to the cost of small subsidy for the truly needy, and is a na­ the SSI program to be implemented in ing mind and an undaunted determination to tional program available to the residents of the Samoa is $3.4 million in 1984 dollars. If this correct injustice. May her pioneering work be 50 States, the District of Columbia, and the issue were examined to ensure a sense of eq­ remembered not only by the many tributes she Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Is­ uity of collections and disbursements within deserves but also by action in the Congress to lands. I believe it is time the residents of the entire social security system, equity reinvigorate the Legal Services Corporation. I American Samoa participate in this national would support implementation in Samoa. Current estimates are that the residents of am submitting a statement by me that was program so that those who are unable to sup­ read at the funeral of Jean Camper Cahn: American Samoa contribute approximately port themselves will receive some form of as­ $15 million per year through FICA IN FOND REMEMBRANCE OF JEAN CAMPER sistance. withholdings and employer contributions, CAHN Mr. Speaker, submitted for the RECORD are while payments are only $4-5 million per (By Eleanor Holmes Norton, Member of copies of the legislation and a letter sent to year. Congress) the Commissioner of the Social Security Ad­ I know there has been resistance to imple­ ministration, Hon. Gwendolyn S. King. mentation of the SSI program in Samoa Most of us shall never know whether we without simultaneous implementation in the made the world better than we found it. H.R.- other territories. The Commonwealth of the Surely Jean Camper Cahn knew. Anyone who Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ Northern Mariana Islands already partici­ knew her or knew of her knew. Thousands of resentatives of the United States of America in pates in the program. In response to this ar­ people across the country knew. Congress assembled, gument, I can say that the other territories But millions who have benefited from SECTION 1. EXTENSION OF SUPPLEMENTAL SE· participate in both the AFDC and food stamp Jean's work, especially her landmark work CURITY INCOME BENEFITS PRO­ programs, neither of which American Samoa for America's poor, do not know. I intend to GRAM TO AMERICAN SAMOA. has chosen to participate in. I want to em­ place a statement commemorating her pro­ (a) IN GENERAL.-The 7th sentence of sec­ phasize this point because I think it is im­ ductive life in the Congressional Record, to tion 1101(a)(l) of the Social Security Act (42 portant philosophically and financially. It is take note of her extraordinary accomplish­ U.S.C. 1301(a)(l)) is amended by inserting important philosophically because it shows ments in the nation's official history, where "and title XVI (as in effect pursuant to the the elected and traditional leaders of Samoa she is rightly celebrated. amendment made by section 301 of the Social do not want Samoa to become a welfare Jean and Edgar were my friends from our Security Amendments of 1972)" before state. It is important financially because the days in law school together, and though we "also". combined cost of the AFDC and food stamp were mostly in different places after that, we (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.- programs to the federal government, if fully met at critical times in their work. We met (!) Section 1614(e) of such Act (42 U.S.C. implemented, would be higher than the cost during the Adam Clayton Powell case, surely 1382c(e)) is amended by inserting ", Amer­ of the SSI program alone. In my mind, this one of the most important cases defining the ican Samoa," before "and". trade off of SSI in lieu of AFDC and food limits of congressional power. We talked (2) Section 1614(a)(l)(B)(ii) of such Act (42 stamps works to the benefit of Samoa and when they were exploring establishing the U.S.C. 1382c(a)(l)(B)(ii)) is amended by in­ the federal government. pioneering Antioch School of Law. We serting "or national" after "citizen". Regrettably, I also want to mention that worked together once they affiliated with SEC. 2. EFFECTIVE DATE. there is some interest in Samoa for the terri­ Antioch when I was a member of the univer­ The amendments made by section 1 shall tory to participate in the AFDC and food sity's board of trustees. take effect on January 1, 1992. stamp programs. I believe that this interest Of Jean's many accomplishments, one is can be quelled if SSI is implemented. especially rare. Jean together with Edgar, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Finally, I believe that the distinction be­ invented an idea and then gave it life. They Washington, DC, February 5, 1991. tween Samoa and the other territories in wrote about legal services for the poor and Hon. GWENDOLYN S. KING, participation versus non-participation in the then they helped establish it, both as a Commissioner, Social Security Administration, AFDC and food stamp programs is a sub­ branch of law and as an obligation of govern­ Baltimore, MD. stantive one, and can be used to distinguish ment. Jean had the rarest combination of DEAR COMMISSIONER: Thank you for your Samoa from the other territories in this re­ qualities. She was both an intellectual and a kind letter of January 31, 1991, and I appre­ gard. builder. Her work in pioneering services for ciate very much your offered assistance on I hope that when the Social Security Ad­ the poor, work she never abandoned down to the Social Security Program. ministration is asked to comment on the bill the last days of her life, is a permanent leg­ For your information, we met several I will introduce, the response will be favor­ acy she has left our country. times at the White House during the Reagan able. With a favorable comment from the Ad­ Jean Camper Cahn lived a significant and Administration when you served as a White ministration, I believe I can persuade my generous life. She lived to bring justice, and House Assistant to the President, and I was colleagues in the House to support the bill she did. Jean left the world better than she a member of the National Associations of and make any budgetary offsets which might found it. I count myself among her many Lieutenant Governors and Secretaries of be required. friends who will miss her not only for what State. I will be happy to discuss this legislation she gave our country but for what she gave Last year in July, you wrote a letter to in more detail if you believe it would be of us in friendship. Senator Daniel K. Inouye which expressed assistance. February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3421 With kindest regards, concerted water conservation efforts enable off. Six States, the Delaware River Basin Sincerely, States and municipalities to eliminate, post­ Commission and numerous municipalities ENI F .H. F ALEOMAVAEGA, pone or downsize new water supply projects. have enacted plumbing product efficiency Member of Congress. Furthermore, it is clear to consumers in standards, and virtually every U.S. plumbing many parts of the country that the days of manufacturer now makes a variety of products THE NEED FOR WATER cheap water are over, not only as a result of that meets the standards laid out in my bill. In CONSERVATION shortages but also because of increased costs fact, this legislation would not only make associated with meeting safe drinking water sense from an environmental standpoint, but it HON. CHESTER G. ATKINS and wastewater treatment standards. In Mas­ would also aid the plumbing manufacturing in­ sachusetts, for example, water and sewer dustry by promoting an orderly national market OF MASSACHUSETTS rates are scheduled to rise to over $1 ,400 per with a uniform set of efficiency standards. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES year by the end of the century due to the as­ The enactment of efficiency standards also Wednesday, February 6, 1991 tronomical cost of the Boston Harbor cleanup, would boost demand for new plumbing fixtures Mr. ATKINS. Mr. Speaker, the entire Nation and that's one of the major reasons why the and appliances. The average toilet, for in­ has been forced to take notice recently of a Massachusetts Water Resources Authority has stance, is replaced every 15 to 20 years. How­ severe water shortage in California that has reacted with some of the most innovative and ever, if consumers recognize that water con­ caused devastating crop failures and emer­ far-reaching water conservation strategies in servation is necessary, and that water-saving gency water rationing. A 5-year drought has the country. The State's low-consumption toilet products can keep down rising water bills, the been blamed for the shortage, but the problem requirements, for example, could chop up to demand for replacements will escalate. My runs much deeper and extends in varying de­ $80 per year off the average family's water legislation would foster consumer awareness grees of severity across the country. The and sewer bill. It has also been estimated that about the value of water conservation by re­ problem is that surging populations have over­ if each person in the MWRA user area simply quiring labelling on plumbing products that in­ run the capacity of finite water supplies. cut water use by 10 gallons per day-a goal dicate the amount of water used and the cost Most of us take water for granted, and we that is easily achievable with the efficient of operating the product. assume that we can simply turn on the tap or plumbing products currently on the market­ The Municipal and Industrial Water Con­ the garden hose and be sure that a steady the region could save up to $4 million per year servation Act complements the National stream of clean, cheap water will flow. But off the cost of operating Boston's wastewater Plumbing Products Efficiency Act by establish­ several communities are finding that there's treatment facilities. ing an Office of Water Conservation within more to it than that. In Denver, city officials re­ Another important benefit of water conserva­ EPA. The primary function of the Office of cently battled the Environmental Protection tion is a significant gain in energy conserva­ Water Conservation would be to develop Agency over a costly and environmentally tion. Close to 15 percent of the energy used model water conservation programs for mu­ damaging dam project that they said was in a typical household is for heating water. nicipalities or industries and disseminate infor­ needed to maintain adequate water supplies Hence, by reducing hot water flows, water effi­ mation about those programs. A number of for a growing population. In Georgia, State of­ cient showerheads, faucets, clothes washers, States and municipalities have developed im­ ficials are locked in a dispute with neighboring and dishwashers can save significant amounts pressive water conservation programs, and Alabama over a plan to draw water from a of energy. One low-consumption showerhead, many experts in the field believe that scores of river system that runs across State lines. And in fact, can lower the annual electricity bill for others would follow suit if they had an oppor­ in Boston, various plans to reach into nearby an average family of four by about $100. tunity to ob~in technical assistance and infor­ river basins have been met with emphatic op­ Water authorities can also reap significant en­ mation on such programs from a central EPA position. ergy savings from reduced water flows by de­ office. What is clear from the above scenarios is creasing energy costs associated with pump­ In recognition of the role that water con­ that we must treat water as a limited resource ing water through treatment plants and dis­ servation can play in reducing the need for and develop national policies and manage­ tribution systems. new or upgraded wastewater treatment plants, ment strategies aimed at preserving healthy Finally, there are significant wastewater the Municipal and Industrial Water Conserva­ supplies of water for future generations. To­ treatment-related gains that can accrue from tion Act would also allow States and munici­ ward that end, today I am reintroducing the water conservation programs. In fact, it is my palities to use moneys from the State Revolv­ National Plumbing Products Efficiency Act and hope that as this Congress focuses on the is­ ing Funds created under the Clean Water Act the Municipal and Industrial Water Conserva­ sues of water quality as we look toward reau­ for water conservation activities. In addition, it tion Act. I am pleased to note that Senator thorizing the Clean Water Act, we will also be would create an Advisory Council on Water WYCHE FOWLER is again reintroducing identical paying close attention to water quantity. There Conservation to report to Congress every 2 legislation in the Senate. is a direct link between the magnitude of years with suggestions on promoting wise use The most obvious benefit of a national effort wastewater flows and the performance of of our water resources throughout every sec­ to conserve water is that water conservation­ wastewater treatment plants and septic sys­ tor of our economy. Finally, the Municipal and and not the construction of new darns or res­ tems, and it follows that individuals and com­ Industrial Water Conservation Act would re­ ervoirs-is the easiest and most cost-effective munities can improve their ability to treat quire the consideration of water conservation strategy that States and municipalites can use wastewater and reduce capital and operating in all relevant environmental impact studies to combat present or projected water supply costs for wastewater treatment by implement­ conducted in accordance with the National En­ shortfalls. For example, the city of Tampa, FL, ing conservation measures. vironmental Policy Act. In this manner, we is implementing a home retrofit project for The two bills that I am introducing today could be sure that Federal approval is never plumbing fixtures that is eventually expected would allow us to reap all of the benefits that again granted for projects that fail to take into to save nearly 2 million gallons of water per water conservation has to offer-significant account the true value of water. day. A new plumbing code measure requiring water and energy savings, lower water and I look forward again to a constructive dialog the use of low-consumption toilets in new con­ sewer bills for consumers, sizable savings in with the plumbing manufacturing industry and struction and renovations recently went into ef­ wastewater treatment costs-with no appre­ others who would be impacted by these bills. fect for the Delaware River Basin, and officials ciable difference in convenience or lifestyle. I believe that it is worth noting that the plumb­ there estimate that it will cut water use by 42 The National Plumbing Products Efficiency Act ing manufacturing industry has come a long million gallons of water per day by the year would set national efficiency standards for way in terms of developing water-efficient 2020. And, in evaluating the need for the envi­ newly manufactured plumbing products and products since Senator FOWLER and I first in­ ronmentally · destructive Two Forks Dam in appliances that use water. Congress passed troduced water conservation legislation in the Denver, the Rocky Mountain Institute found similar legislation for energy appliances in the fall of 1988, and I hope that we will be able that a residential water efficiency program em­ 1Oath Congress, and I have modeled my leg­ to work together on perfecting these measures ploying low-consumption toilets and efficient islation after that law. as they wind their way through the legislative showerheads and faucets would save more In 1989, Massachusetts became the first process. water than the proposed dam at about 20 per­ State to set stringent water-saving standards In closing, Mr. Speaker, let me say that it's cent of the dam's cost. It is a proven fact that for toilets. Since that time, the idea has taken time to take a fresh look at the way we use 3422 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 water in this country. We should all pay close In choosing to begin Desert Storm, I hope now the second busiest airport in the United attention to the drought conditions in Califor­ and pray we are right. I pray for our presi­ States. Its gates are full and its runways are nia, because that situation could be replicated dent, our national political leaders, the mili­ jammed with planes waiting to take off. DFW across the country-with the same devastating tary chiefs all the way down to rifle-toting private. I share their fears. I ache for their no longer needs protection from Love Field's impact on cost of living and lifestyle-unless wives, husbands, children, mothers, fathers, competition. we start taking better care of our water sup­ brothers, sisters and sweethearts. I pray that Inflated airfares are the key reason repeal is plies. I urge my colleagues to join me in co­ God will bring them all home safely. needed. DFW has the 27th highest average sponsoring the National Plumbing Products Ef­ It will be up to the historians to judge airfares of the top 30 major airports. Dallas ficiency Act and the Municipal and Industrial whether America and her allies chose the fares are excessively high because the low­ Water Conservation Act, which will ensure that wise and just course when they embarked on cost carrier in that market serves Love Field we make efficient use of what must be consid­ Desert Storm. and cannot quote fares from Love Field to But I know one think for sure. This under­ cities outside of the five State area. With no ered our most precious natural resource. taking called Desert Storm is not a sporting event. Despite the daily tallies of Scuds and competition in the market, other carriers Patriots and numbers of enemy planes shot charge outrageous fares to DFW. Sometimes HOOSIER HORSE SENSE down, it is not a game. fares are more than five times as high from For Americans who want to back our cities outside the region than from cities inside HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. troops and show support, let's do something the region, even when the two cities are equi­ OF INDIANA right for a change. distant from Dallas. Let's offer to help and support the rel­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Wright amendment is unreasonable. By atives of the service men and women. Let us allowing travel to Love Field only from points Wednesday, February 6, 1991 write letters to the troops in the gulf, and bake cookies and ship off paperback books to in Texas, as well as points in Louisiana, Okla­ Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, this column by help them combat lonely, fearful hours. homa, Arkansas and New Mexico, it arbitrarily R. Joseph Gelarden published in the February When the time comes, let's all give our blood permits service from cities such as Albuquer­ 5 edition of the Indianapolis Star is a good ex­ to help save the lives of the wounded. que to Love Field-595 miles-but does not ample of Hoosier horse sense and clear chan­ But the best way we can show our support allow such service from Wichita-330 miles­ nel thinking. True patriotism sinks below the for returning troopers is to fund decent vet­ to Love Field. The amendment does not even vocal chords-maybe even as far down as the erans' care programs and a new GI bill, one permit connecting service. pocketbook. that will cover the skyrocketing cost of Under current law, a passenger traveling higher education. AMERICA'S DEBT TO THE TROOPERS OF DESERT This we must do. Our wariors deserve no from Kansas City to Love Field would be re­ STORM less. quired to purchase two roundtrip tickets-one (By R. Joseph Gelarden) Remember, we are not giving them a to a connecting city, such as Tulsa, and a sec­ Vendors are selling American flags, Desert present, a bonus. Fully funded veterans care ond rountrip ticket from Tulsa to Dallas. Not Storm T-shirts, caps and pins. In Indianap­ and education programs are our rightful pay­ even luggage can be checked all the way olis you can see the "Go Desert Storm" signs ment to satisfy a debt to America's sons and through to Love Field. The Wright amendment on taverns, legion posts and factories. daughters. It is a debt we owe for the sac­ requires the Kansas City passenger to claim Radio stations hold rallies and sponsor rifices they made in our name. his luggage in Tulsa, and then check it back promotions competing to see who can be Let's turn our pep rallies into action. Lets first to get their fans and call letters on TV. talk to our representatives and senators. in for his flight to Love Field. It seems as if much of America has decided And for God's sake, America, don't stop to A 1990 study by KMPG Peat Marwick con­ that Desert Storm is a sporting event and is trivialize the sacrifices of a half-million cluded that additional airport capacity is need­ in the stands rooting for the home team. I Americans by turning Desert Storm into a ed in the area. Even a proposed $3.5 billion can almost hear the cheers now: "Go sporting event. expansion at DFW will not solve the problem. Yanks-Beat Iraq." Or see bumper stickers Sport is play. The capacity issue could be greatly improved saying, "Sack Iraq." War is serious business. Dead serious. if the now-underutilized Love Field were given Except for the slimy, fast buck artists the opportunity to provide commercial service cranking out souvenirs to cash in on what they see as a fad, most of those involved in to points outside Texas and its contiguous INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION States. such activities are well-meaning, decent TO REPEAL THE WRIGHT folks. Americans just want to express them­ Under this restrictive law, it is not possible selves. War triggers a combination of fear, AMENDMENT for consumers to have access to the advan­ hurt and uncertainty that demands expres­ tages of deregulation and fully competitive air­ sion-whether you are for or against it. HON. DAN GUCKMAN fares. Repealing the Wright amendment will If you believe the polls, most folks believe OF KANSAS open up competition, reduce airfares to com­ Saddam Hussein is an evil monster and must IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES petitive levels, and substantially increase busi­ be stopped, even if American boys (and now girls) must shed their blood to do it. Wednesday, February 6, 1991 ness between markets. That, is what Con­ As soldiers have done for centuries, Ameri­ gress intended to accomplish by passing the cans are digging holes in the sand preparing Mr. GLICKMAN. Mr. Speaker, today I am Airline Deregulation Act. Irs time to eliminate for battle. reintroducing legislation to repeal a section of this special interest section of law, so that the Soon, the bombing will slow and young law, commonly known as the Wright amend­ people of this Nation have competitive access American Gis will begin crawling through ment, which prohibits commercial air carriers to interstate travel as protected by the Con­ the desert sands. from providing service between Dallas Love stitution. It's time to repeal the Wright amend­ Soon, America's sons will learn to kill. Field and points located outside of Texas or ment. My son's generation, like mine and that of its four surrounding States. Last Congress, my father, his father and his grandfather, groups such as the Consumer Federation of will suffer the physical and mental wounds of war. Boys and girls will suddenly become America supported my bill because they WASTE TRANSFER men and women. agreed the Wright amendment is nothing more They will kill and be killed. They will than an egregious, anticompetitive, unconstitu­ HON. BlllmCHARDSON wound and will be wounded. tional section of the law that must be elimi­ OF NEW MEXICO In an instant, their version of the real nated. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES world-high school, college and back home­ The statute was originally passed as part of will become a dream. In its place will be the the International Air Transportation Competi­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 confusion, dirt, noise, death and nearly un­ tion Act of 1980 to protect then-relatively new Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to controllable fear of battle. Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport [DFW]. reintroduce legislation I sponsored last Con­ Like young Americans in all wars, most will exhibit the quite ability to function It was developed to ensure commercial air gress that would prohibit the transfer of solid under fire that is called courage. From Con­ carriers moved from the older Love Field to waste in excess of 100 pounds from one State cord to Khe Sanh, this courage is a proud the new primary airport serving the metropoli­ to another State for disposal, unless the State part of our American heritage. tan Dallas-Fort Worth area. However, DFW is in which the waste is to be disposed of has February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3423 given prior consent. Any person who know­ cident. The bill I am introducing will extend the THE 70TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ingly violates the prohibition will be subject to period of time Federal funds will be available NEGRO NATIONAL BASEBALL a fine of not more than $25,000. to repair the bridge. In the past, Congress has LEAGUE New Mexico, a rural State, is currently extended the time period. during which Federal threatened by a solid waste crisis. The prob­ funds were made available to a State. HON. ALAN WHEAT lem New Mexico is facing is the result of an In this instance, North Carolina has made a OF MISSOURI acute shortage of landfill capacity in regions good faith effort to expeditiously repair the throughout the country compelling some Bonner Bridge, however, due to the forces of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States to search for alternatives outside their nature, the State has been unable to complete Wednesday, February 6, 1991 own borders. Obvious sites are those States the repairs. The waters off the coast of North Mr. WHEAT. Mr. Speaker, it is with great with vast amounts of open terrain such as Carolina are extremely rough and the area New Mexico. In fact, private waste manage­ pride that I bring to the attention of my col­ has been described as the "graveyard of the ment firms from across the country have al­ leagues a verj special event. On February 13, Atlantic". The strait over which the Bonner ready attempted to open new landfill sites in 1991, the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum in New Mexico. Last year a Maryland waste firm Bridge passes is subject to extremely strong Kansas City, MO, will celebrate the 70th anni­ bought 23,000 acres of ranch land in currents. These conditions have forced the versary of the founding of the Negro National Lordsburg, NM, and had plans to open a land­ State to proceed with caution. The State did League. fill about half the size of the District of Colum­ not risk lives just so that it could save a few It is fitting that we here in Congress and the bia. The company sought to bring as much as State dollars. When conditions were harsh, entire Nation join the Kansas City community 20,000 tons of east coast trash a day by rail. work was discontinued in order to protect in honoring the outstanding achievements of The proposed landfill sent the residents of lives. an unheralded group of men, the players of Lordsburg scrambling for protection. Concerns As I pointed out, the need for an extension the Negro baseball league. were raised that such a dump would contami­ of time is not a unique situation. Congress ex­ In recent years, Americans have benefited nate the community's ground water and pose tended the 90-day period and required the from an explosion of information about black other serious environmental hazards. Soon, Federal Government to pay for repairs nec­ Americans in all walks of life whose accom­ fears mounted across the State that New Mex­ essary as a result of the California earth­ plishments went unsung at an earlier time in ico would soon become the nation's dumping quake. Similarly, States were given 180 days our Nation. This is especially true of the re­ markable achievements of the players of the ground. to seek reimbursement for damage caused by Negro National League. Mr. Speaker, I am introducing this legislation Hurricane Hugo. In both instances, the States because New Mexico and other rural States When Jackie Robinson joined the Brooklyn were also relieved from the penalty imposed Dodgers in 1947, and became the first black simply should not be forced to accept out-of­ by 26 U.S.C. 157(a)(3). This provision of law State waste. While I can sympathize with the major league player, it was front page news. reduces the amount available to a State for What we rarely hear about were the suc­ overwhelming waste management problems other highway projects if the State must seek some States face, rural States should not cesses of other baseball greats such as Josh emergency Federal funds. My legislation will Gibson, Satchel Paige, Hilton Smith, Bill have to bear the brunt of their problems. Fur­ provide similar relief to North Carolina. ther, simply looking for new landfill sites in Drake, and other legendary players of the Congress, in granting the above-cited relief order to dispose of the Nation's solid waste is black baseball league. not good policy. We must begin to utilize was responding to natural disasters. The dam­ For more than a quarter century, in more waste minimization and recycling technologies age to the Bonner Bridge did not result solely than 40,000 games, the talented sluggers, through the development of a comprehensive from a natural disaster, but rather a combina­ pitchers, and fieldmen of the Negro league ex­ waste management policy. As a member of tion of high winds that tore a dredge from its hibited their uncommon skills in virtual obscu­ the Subcommittee on Transportation and Haz­ moorings and subsequent negligent action by rity. In its celebration of February 13, Kansas ardous Materials, which will consider the reau­ the crew. In fact, the Federal Government has City's Negro Leagues Baseball Museum is thorization of the Resource Conservation and perhaps a greater obligation to assure that taking steps to shine a long-overdue spotlight Recovery Act, I look forward to working with necessary funds are made available, since the of recognition of these accomplishments. my colleagues on this issue. damage and disruption caused by the accident It is appropriate that Kansas City would un­ seemed to directly result from the negligence dertake this tribute because it was in that of a contractor acting in conjunction with a town, 70 years ago, that the league got its LEGISLATION RELATED TO THE Federal entity, the Army Corps of Engineers. start. In the American tradition, representatives HERBERT BONNER BRIDGE It is crucial that the Bonner Bridge be re­ of the Nation's black teams-including the Kansas City Monarchs-met at the YMCA and paired as promptly as possible. The Bonner Street's Hotel to draft a constitution that laid HON. WALTER B. JONES Bridge carries the only highway linking Hat­ OF NORTH CAROLINA down the guiding principles of the Negro Na­ teras Island and the mainland. Island residents tional League. Despite the hardships imposed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have been isolated except for ferry boat serv­ by the rigid racial barriers of the day, the Wednesday, February 6, 1991 ice which has frequently been interrupted by league managed not only to survive, but to Mr. JONES of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, inclement weather. The impact on persons liv­ flourish and enrich American history. I rise to introduce legislation that will facilitate ing on Hatteras and working elsewhere has I am proud to note that some of black base­ the repair of the Herbert C. Bonner Bridge. been significant, greatly increasing travel time ball's legends have over the years made Kan­ Last October, the Bonner Bridge was severely to and from work. The transport of food, medi­ sas City their home-greats like Buck O'Neill damaged when a dredge under contract to the cal supplies, and other necessities has been and Connie Johnson, Allen Bryant, James Army Corps of Engineers broke loose from its disrupted. LaMarque, and Alfred "Slick" Surratt. St. Louis moorings and crashed into the bridge. The The tourist industry on the island has been is home to former leaguers, James "Cool bridge was severed and in the ensuing decimated, injuring businesses and reducing Papa" Bell and Lee Moody. Another Missouri months emergency ferry boat service was in­ State revenues. It is estimated that between legend, Ulysses Holliman, lives in Plattsburgh. stituted to provide transportation between Hat­ $80 to $90 million in revenue and taxes would To help give these great athletes their right­ teras Island and the rest of North Carolina. be lost if the bridge were to be inoperative for ful place in American history, I was honored to As many of my colleagues are aware, the a year. Finally, the cost of emergency ferry sponsor with Congressman JOHN LEWIS of Federal Government provides emergency boat service is running over $21,000 a day. Georgia a resolution in the U.S. House of highway assistance to States in which vital Clearly, the State is eager to repair this vital Representatives designating June 12, 1991 transportation links have been disrupted link. I ask my colleagues to support this emer­ through June 19, 1991, as "Negro Baseball through accident or natural disaster. Federal gency legislation that will assure the prompt Leagues Recognition Week." This legislation law provides that the Federal Government will restoration of important service to Hatteras Is­ will serve as a reminder of the enduring con­ assume 100 percent of the cost of repairs in­ land. tributions these players made to our national curred within the first 90 days following an ac- sport. 3424 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 By setting aside time to commemorate the EMPOWERMENT TO THE PEOPLE paradigm" for education, race and poverty black heroes of baseball, Kansas City's Negro issues based on "empowerment." Leagues Baseball Museum is helping to draw HON. NEWT GINGRICH What's a new paradigm? What's attention to a phenomenon that is important empowerment? OF GEORGIA Well, the new paradigm, or model, places not only to black history and sports history but IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES emphasis on free enterprise economic growth to the history of all America. Wednesday, February 6,1991 based on capital gains tax reduction. (The successful GOP paradigm for the '80s was the Mr. GINGRICH. Mr. Speaker, 1 week ago, I Reagan three-year tax cut.) FUNDING MASS TRANSIT sat in this Chamber and listened to President To many Democrats, empowerment means THROUGH A 10-CENT GAS TAX Bush deliver a deeply moving and highly emo­ giving power to government to control peo­ INCREASE tional State of the Union speech. History will ple. But Kemp, Gingrich & Co. don't want surely be kind to the President for the leader­ that. They want freedom for people to con­ ship, courage, and strength he is providing for trol their own affairs. HON. BIU GREEN The poor don't want paternalism, they OF NEW YORK our country during this difficult time. I would like to thank the President for his outstanding want opportunity. They don't want the ser­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leadership and to share with my colleagues vitude of welfare, they want to obtain jobs Wednesday, February 6, 1991 and private property. They don't want de­ some of the discussion that has served as a pendency, they want a declaration of inde­ Mr. GREEN of New York. Mr. Speaker, I prelude to this policy initiative. pendence. rise today to introduce legislation that will as­ In the past few months, there has been The big question: Where does President sure annual funding for mass transit and re­ plenty of speculation and criticism of the Bush Bush stand with regard to all of this? duce our Federal deficit. I propose placing a administration's domestic agenda. New solu­ He has given lip service to the "new para­ 1D-cent-a-gallon additional tax on gasoline, tions to old problems, new names for old digm"-and even his own White House policy earmarking 3 cents for mass transit and re­ ideas, and new allies and enemies have aide, James Pinkerton, gave a major speech emerged as political observers have tried to touting empowerment last spring. turning the balance to the Treasury for deficit Amazingly, though, Darman publicly at­ reduction. The tax would be added to the cur­ predict what direction the President would lead tacked Pinkerton's remarks as "fad-ism" rent 14.5-cent-a-gallon tax, of which 1.5 cents our country. and "new Newt-ism." goes to the mass transit trust fund. My bill After all was said and done, the President Darman has since half-heartedly apolo­ would also make the 5-cent-a-gallon tax wisely chose, as the Founders of our great gized to Gingrich (and for his tone), but the agreed to in the 1990 budget agreement per­ Nation did many years ago, to empower the president so far hasn't moved to squelch the manent. That tax is scheduled to expire in fis­ people. infighting among his supporters. cal year 1995. "We the people"-a concept whose value Richard Nixon once told historian Theo­ Each year we have a battle trying to protect the bureaucracy and Great Society programs dore White that the country "could run it­ self domestically without a president." Is mass transit aid. Each year we work to re­ have attempted to diminish. President Bush Bush following such erroneous advice? solve our Federal deficit. For every cent the correctly stated in his State of the Union Perhaps, the President's State of the gas tax is raised, the Federal Government col­ speech a major goal of his administration-­ Union address next month will provide clues lects $1 billion in revenue. Essentially, by in­ that we the Nation shape our future--"by as to which "side" he is on. creasing the Federal gas tax by a dime and strengthening the power and choice of individ­ The worst course for Bush to take, which is making the 1990 5-cent-a-gallon tax perma­ uals, and families." the present course, is no course at all. nent, the Government would raise over $4 bil­ "We the people"-for over two centuries our lion annually for mass transit as well as an ad­ families and communities have understood the ditional $9.5 billion for deficit reduction. strength they unleash when they work to­ DIRTY SECRETS BEHIND THE Many may question the costs that are gether. Long before the American bureaucracy BUDGET MESS passed onto the consumer. Study after study was established, problems were solved and conclude that the costs would be minimal. The creative solutions were developed by people HON. FREDERICK S. UPTON 1D-cent-a-gallon tax would add approximately helping people. Our families were stronger be­ OF MICIDGAN $40 to the annual costs of operating an auto­ cause of this-our communities were respon­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mobile. Even with the nominal increase that sive to the individual-and the Government Wednesday, February 6, 1991 has resulted from the Persian Gulf war, gaso­ understood that the strength of each of these line prices are still below their peak level of became the strength of our great Nation. Mr. UPTON. Mr. Speaker, the following is $1.96 in March 1981. In addition, while Ameri­ And finally, "We the people"-the ability to an article published in the February 1991 cans are paying about $1.30 a gallor. for gas­ make our families, neighborhoods and country issue of the Reader's Digest that I believe oline, Germans pay $3.04 a gallon, Japanese a stronger and better place for the future. The warrants the attention of all Members of Con­ $4.18, and Italians $5.30. Finally, increased role of the Government should be to empower gress. It talks about our inability to control funding will enable mass transit to become people with the knowledge of new and better Federal spending, gives examples of the more cost efficient. This, ultimately benefits ways to solve their local problems. The great­ wasteful projects we fund, and outlines the low-income households which remain depend­ est disservice our Government can do to its tricks we use to give the illusion we are reduc­ ent on mass transit. people is to put restraints on their endless ing spending. I know many of my constituents In addition to preserving mass transit and ability to develop creative and workable solu­ will read this article and not find it a good re­ reducing our Federal budget deficit, the legis­ tions to the problems they confront. port card on our actions. I share their concern. lation would conserve energy and protect our My friend, Philip Kent of the Augusta Chron­ We cannot forever continue the wasteful environment. Maintaining energy efficient icle, published an editorial in which he asked abuses described in the article and must act mass transit will conserve limited domestic pe­ which side the President was on regarding the to eliminate them. We owe the American tax­ troleum resources and avoid further growth in Nation's domestic agenda. The President has payer no less. the risky dependency of foreign sources. The spoken. I take comfort in knowing that he is [From the Reader's Digest, Feb. 1991] enactment of this tax will also reestablish a on the side of we, the American people. . DmTY SECRETS BEHIND THE BUDGET MESS gas conservation ethic. With regard to the en­ A NEW PARADIGM? (By Fred Barnes) vironment, reduced gasoline use will help with Fierce debate rages within the Bush ad­ During last year's budget crisis, Rep. Har­ respect to our massive carbon monoxide and ministration, and the Republican Party, over ris Fawell (R., lll.) had a helpful idea. Why ozone noncompliance problem, as well as strategy for the '90s. not slash unnecessary spending Congress have a positive impact on the greenhouse ef­ On one side are Budget Director Richard planned for itself? On the floor of the House, fect scientists have warned about. Darman and non-ideological pragmatists Fawell proposed an amendment cutting who preach "resource allocation" and com­ $375,000 for renovations to the House beauty I urge my colleagues to join me in protecting promise with congressional Democrats. parlor and $25,000 for a study on a proposed our environment, conserving energy, maintain­ On the other are veteran Reaganites (HUD gym for House staffers. ing equitable funding for mass transit, and re­ Secretary Jack Kemp and Rep. Newt Ging­ Fawell was shouted down and labeled a ducing our Federal budget deficit. rich, R-Ga., among them) who want a "new sexist for targeting the unprofitable, tax- February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3425 payer-subsidized beauty parlor. House Demo­ Rep. Vin Weber (R., Minn.) a conservative That's what's happening now. The base­ cratic leaders arranged a non-recorded vote who believes in spending reductions, was line budget for the current fiscal year origi­ so no one could be blamed for killing the happy to leave the Budget Committee, which nally called for spending to rise $130.8 bil­ amendment. cuts, and join the Appropriations Commit­ lion. But because it will go up "only" $111 In a federal budget of nearly $1.4 trillion, tee, which spends. Weber had discovered billion, Congress and the White House insist the money saved by Fawell's modest pro­ Washington's dirty little secret: cutting is a spending was cut $19.8 billion. With a pro­ posal would have been insignificant. But the political minus. jected revenue increase of $22.2 billion, they episode reflects an enduring truth: despite Chairmen of appropriations subcommittees claim a total "savings" of $42 billion. pious talk, Congress continues to spend tax­ retaliate when they're crossed. After Fawell Off-Budget Spending. Last year, Congress payers' money at a furious clip, and the ex­ criticized nonessential spending in an "emer­ "reduced the deficit" $2 billion by dropping ecutive branch usually goes along willingly. gency" appropriations bill last year, extra the Postal Service subsidy from the official What's more, they go to extraordinary funding for a project in his district was de­ budget. The subsidy was still paid, only it lengths to deny it. leted. When Rep. Clay Shaw (R., Fla.) voted was done off-budget. Off-budget programs in­ When the five-year "deficit reduction" against the wishes of Rep. William Lehman clude direct loans, loan guarantees, federal agreement was reached last fall, officials (D., Fla.), a subcommittee chairman, Leh­ insurance and government enterprises. claimed $42 billion in savings. That's a sham. man scratched $1 million in funding for a Of course, real money is involved whether What they didn't mention-and the press tunnel in Shaw's district. or not a program is formally in the budget. didn't report-is that actual spending will Budget watchdogs such as Penny and Rep. In 1989, loan defaults and wri te-offs were increase by $111 billion, or $480 for every Bob Walker (R., Pa.) are treated like pariahs. $14.4 billion and insurance losses $67.2 bil­ man, woman and child in the nation. Worse, "A large number of colleagues wouldn't lion, all picked up by the taxpayer. The total the deficit, according to the government's come to dinner at my home," Penny says. An liability of taxpayers for off-budget pro­ own official figures, will grow larger. Appropriations Committee member once re­ grams is almost S6 trillion, or S67 ,000 for On the very day the deal to curb the deficit marked of Walker: "The only cement that every U.S. household. was forged, Congress voted to increase so­ will ever be poured in Walker's district is Fake Ceilings. With great fanfare and self­ cial-welfare spending this year by $22.6 bil­ that around his feet when we throw him in congratulations, legislators establish spend­ lion. The five-year deal includes $136 billion the river." ing ceilings. Then these limits are quietly ig­ in additional funds for non-defense discre­ "In a corporation, everything is geared to­ nored. tionary programs. Mandatory outlays for So­ ward minimizing overhead," says Mark The original Gramm-Rudman deficit re­ cial Security and Medicare will rise more Everson, a Chicago manufacturer who was a duction law of 1985 called for gradually de­ than $200 billion. top official in three Washington agencies clining deficits. The first ceiling, for 1986, A culture of spending dominates our na­ from 1982 to 1988. "In government, almost was topped by $49.3 billion. In 1987 the law tional capital. An "iron triangle" of the un­ nothing is." Like many others, Everson dis­ was changed, and the deficit was supposed to elected-executive-branch bureaucrats, Con­ covered another of Washington's dirty budg­ have dwindled to $100 billion in 1990. It was gressional committee staffers, special-inter­ et secrets. Instead of being rewarded, offi­ $220 billion. This year, it is projected at $260 est lobbyists-aggressively protects each cials who make economy a top priority can billion. Now Washington projects declining program and pushes unrelentingly for more. count on being criticized by Congress, deficits in 1993 and 1994. Good luck. Members of Congress believe spending helps jumped on by lobbyists and undermined by Underestimating. In 1983 Congress ap­ them get re-elected. With few exceptions, bureaucrats in their own agencies. proved $8 billion to build a space station. By agency heads appointed by the President re­ When Charles Heatherly became head of 1987 the price was $12 billion. Now it's $36 bil­ the Small Business Administration (SBA) in gard greater outlays as a measure of their 1986, the agency was facing $345 million in lion. Agriculture Department economists success. bad loans. Heatherly was hauled before a said the 1985 farm bill would cost $54 billion. In four years as Education Secretary, Wil­ Congressional committee for a scolding-but A month later, after the bill had passed, the liam Bennett learned this the hard way. At not for the bad loans. His transgression was estimate was upped to $85 billion. first he loyally defended President Reagan's trying to streamline the SBA by jettisoning "There's a generic pattern," says Congres­ proposed cuts. He found himself nearly alone failed programs. A phalanx of interest sional staffer Frank Gregorsky. "Once the among Cabinet members. Over the next two groups--the National Small Business Asso­ legislation is passed, once the various clients years, he was attacked by educators, reviled ciation, Small Business United and the are mobilized, once the bureaucracy is en­ by his own bureaucrats and overruled by American Association of Minority Enterprise gaged, once the contractors start marking Congress. In 1987 Bennett rebelled and in­ Small Business Investment Companies­ up-expenditures overshoot the promised sisted on a boost in spending. "There was no weighed in against him. To SBA bureaucrats, levels." Spenders get their foot in the door political gain in ruthless cutting," a Bennett Heatherly was the enemy. "Not one of them by underestimating the costs of new pro­ aide says. "You could be a reformer but not came to me at SBA and said, 'We're with you grams. a cutter." on this. What can we do to help?'" Heatherly "Emergency" Appropriations. In recent Official Washington has created a myth to says. years, emergency appropriation bills have justify higher spending in the 1990s. As Sen. Because the big spenders presented a unit­ become vehicles for pork-barrel spending. Robert Byrd (D., W.Va.) puts it, domestic ed front and taxpayers made little noise, the Last year President Bush asked for a "dire discretionary spending is the "little runt SBA was kept alive and spared further budg­ emergency" appropriation to pay for flood pig" of the Federal budget that has been "on et cuts. "The iron triangle worked," says relief in the South and aid to Panama. Con­ the cutting table for ten years." It hasn't. Heatherly. gress tacked on another $1.4 billion-includ­ Domestic spending was trimmed in 1982, then Sometimes the triangle can be very clever. ing $3 million for a convention center in grew rapidly during the next eight years. For fiscal year 1991, the Senate and House Washington, DC, $5.8 million for a Franklin Outlays for many programs rose substan­ would have agreed to a smaller appropriation Roosevelt memorial and $750,000 toward a tially, including education for the handi­ for the SBA. The Senate voted to give the ferryboat for American Samoa. capped (50 percent), National Institutes of agency $440 million; the House voted $438 Transfers. A clever way to increase a dis­ Health (47 percent), National Science Foun­ million. But the Senate-House conference cretionary program is to switch funds into it dation (36 percent), medical care for veterans did not come up with the compromise figure from an entitlement program, which has no (25 percent) and Environmental Protection you might expect, $439 million. Instead; it ceiling and thus requires no new appropria­ Agency (22 percent). pegged SBA spending at $469.5 million. tion. The biggest problem on Capitol Hill, says This upward compromise is but one trick "A classic abuse of transfer authority," Rep. Dick Armey (R., Texas), is "the com­ Washington employs to create the illusion of note budget experts John Cogan and Tim mittee mystique." Members from farming spending reduction. Here are seven others: Muris, was the shift of food-stamp funds into areas angle to get on the Agriculture Com­ Artificial Base Lines. Imagine a company the Agriculture Department's extension mittee. Those from port cities join the Mer­ president who hopes for a $100,000 pay in­ service. The Agriculture Stabilization and chant Marine and Fisheries Committee. crease. Instead he receives a $75,000 hike, and Conservation Service (ASCS) supposedly suf­ Those eager to keep military bases in their then he claims a $25,000 pay cut. Crazy? In fered a cut of $300 million in real spending district hope to serve on the Armed Services Washington it's routine. between 1981 and 1989. Actually, funds were Committee. Rather than use this year's level of spend­ transferred from the Commodity Credit Cor­ There's a tacit rule: to get what you want, ing as the starting point for next year's poration, which pays for farm price supports. you go along with what other committee budget, an artificial "base line" is created, ASCS spending actually rose by one-third. members want. And it's taboo to challenge the effort of which is automatic spending in­ Earmarking. Last year alone, Sen. Dale the programs of another committee. "You creases every year. Then, if proposed outlays Bumpers (D., Ark.) says, an appropriations don't want them challenging yours," says are less than the base line, Washington subcommittee got 2800 requests from other Rep. Tim Penny (D., Minn.), a leader for defi­ claims a "cut"-even through spending actu­ Senators to designate funds for projects in cit reduction. ally rises. their home states. During the 1990 budget 3426 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 "crisis," Rep. Walker pointed out ten re­ weekend. The 1990 Newspaper of the Year WHY IS THERE NO VACCINE FOR search projects that were sneaked into the honor was announced in Boston at the an­ THE AIDS VIRUS? Energy Department's budget and deserved nual awards banquet of the New England cutting. One allocated $4.8 million to a tech­ Press Association. HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS nology center at Indiana State University in It is not often in this editorial column that OF PENNSYLVANIA the district of Rep. John Myers (R., Ind.). the Gazette speaks of its own journalistic Funds for it and the other projects Walker achievements. But this represents a particu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cited were overwhelmingly approved. larly proud moment for the entire staff of Wednesday, February 6, 1991 In Washington, DC, where there are no the Vineyard Gazette. Judging panels in the farms, $1 million was appropriated for the Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I want to bring to New Jersey and New York area recognized the attention of my colleagues the outstanding Agriculture Extension Service. Also ap­ the paper for distinguished journalistic work proved was $500,000 to restore the boyhood program that was presented at the Congres­ home of bandleader Lawrence Welk in Stras­ in all aspects of newspapering, including edi­ torial, photographic and advertising achieve­ sional Biomedical Research Caucus' first staff burg, N.D. This expenditure was sought by luncheon for health policy staff of the Con­ Sen. Quentin Burdick (D., N.D.). It prompted ment. The Gazette received more top honors and more total awards than any other com­ gress on January 15, 1991. The program in Rep. Silvio Conte (R., Mass.) to say: "That is which Representative BEN GILMAN of New right-and a one, and a two, and a three, and munity newspaper in New England. a four, and a $500,000. What will they do for In addition to the Newspaper of the Year York and I participated "Why Is There No Vac­ an encore? Earmark funds to renovate Guy award, the Vineyard Gazette captured first cine for the AIDS Virus?" was presented by Lombardo's speedboat? Or restore Artie places in the largest circulation category for two expert biomedical researchers, Dr. Thorn­ Shaw's wedding tuxedo?" Despite Conte's general excellence, for business and eco­ as D. Pollard, M.D., director and professor of ridicule and criticism by President Bush, the nomic reporting, for the best special section, cell biology and anatomy at Johns Hopkins Welk project was not killed. and for pictorial and sports photography. University School of Medicine, and Dr. Mal­ Even the defense budget is used for ear­ Among its other awards, the Gazette won a colm A. Martin, M.D., chief of the laboratory of marking. Tucked into the 1991 Pentagon second place for advertising work and a third molecular biology at the National Institute of budget was $5 million to build a new par­ place for outstanding community service for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Insti­ liament building in the Solomon Islands and a series of stories about problems facing the $10 million for a National Drug Intelligence tutes of Health. central commercial districts of Island towns. The caucus is striving to provide a forum Center that federal officials wanted in Wash­ The Vineyard Gazette is honored to be ington. Not surprisingly. the drug intel­ named the best community newspaper in the where health policy staff of the Congress can ligence center will be located in the home six-state New England region. But we believe become better acquainted with each other to state of Rep. John Murtha (D .• Pa.), chair­ facilitate communications on national health man of the House Appropriations defense the Island community where we live and publish deserves recognition and a large policy issues in an informal setting. The recent subcommittee. luncheon was, I believe, very successful in Political scientist James Payne, an expert share in all these honors. A good news news­ on government spending, measured the ratio paper is but an accurate reflection of life in meeting this objective and we plan to offer of those witnesses at Congressional hearings the community it serves. And if the Gazette other opportunities for these exchanges on who testified for spending programs to those is honored, so also are the people who live such pressing topics as cancer and Alz­ who testified against. His finding: pro-spend­ and work in the this community of Martha's heimer's. Another goal of the caucus is to pro­ ers outnumber opponents by 145 to one. Vineyard. vide Members and congressional staff inform­ Payne also found that roughly half the pro­ ative and timely briefings by experts from the spending witnesses are federal administra­ biomedical community on issue-s commonly tors and another ten percent are state and local officials. It's only human nature that KINDERHOOK, NORTH HUDSON DIS­ presented by constituents to health policy they'd have kind words for their own pro­ TRICT ELKS TO HONOR STEPHEN staff. Certainly, the question of our progress on a vaccine for the AIDS virus is a pressing grams and ask for more money. R. RACE, SR. When will the spending binge cease? Not public health issue of concern to every con­ until taxpayers rise up. "Congress is going to gressional office. Members and staff attending go on spending until the public stops them," the program indicated that they had many laments Walker. "Politicians respond to spe­ HON. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON questions explained about why it is more dif­ cial-interest groups," says Penny. "They've OF NEW YORK ficult to develop a vaccine for the AIDS virus been forgetting there's a general interest group-taxpayers. •• IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES than for polio or smallpox. We learned about It's time for taxpayers to remind them. the NIH's latest efforts to develop an AIDS Wednesday, February 6,1991 vaccine and research paths that may be suc­ Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I like to think cessful in providing the public safety from this almost always fatal disease. I encourage both VINEYARD GAZETTE: NEWSPAPER that my district, the 24th New York, has a re­ Members and staff to attend these programs OF THE YEAR markably high number of people I call unsung and make the time in their busy schedules be­ HON. GERRY E. STIJDDS heroes, people who give a great deal of them­ cause they will gain valuable information and selves to their neighbors and communities help to better serve their constituents. OF MASSACHUSETTS without much fanfare. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The following excerpts from our speakers Today I'd like to say a few words about one will provide required insight about the role of Wednesday, February 6, 1991 of those unsung heroes. His name is Stephen biomedical research in meeting public health Mr. STUDDS. Mr. Speaker, I want to con­ R. Race, Sr., past exalted ruler of Kinderhook problems like AI OS. The text of the remarks gratulate all those involved with the success of Elks Lodge No. 2530. before the Congressional Biomedical Re­ Martha's Vineyard's outstanding newspaper, On March 2, Elks of Lodge No. 2530 will search Caucus by Dr. Thomas D. Pollard and the Vineyard Gazette. honor Mr. Race for his year of dedication and Dr. Malcolm A. Martin follows: Over the years, the Gazette has sustained unselfish labor and achievements while serv­ How DoES BASIC BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH a standard of excellence that consistently ing as district deputy grand exalted ruler of the RELATE TO HEALTH CARE? makes it worth reading-and rereading. That North Hudson District. The other eight lodges (Presented to the Congressional Biomedical is why the Gazette has been named by the of the district will also take part in the cere­ Research Caucus, January 15, 1991 By New England Press Association as the 1990 monies. Thomas D. Pollard, Professor of Cell Biol­ Newspaper of the Year. ogy and Anatomy, The Johns Hopkins As a long-time Elk myself, I ask Members of Medical School) I am proud to call attention to the Gazette's this body to join me today in paying our own INTRODUCTION achievements, and ask that this editional on tribute to Stephen R. Race, Sr., for his leader­ this honor be reprinted here for the possible I thank Congressman Gekas for the oppor­ ship, service, and commitment in time over the tunity to meet with you today. We hope that interest on my congressional collegues. past year. this is one of many such opportunities in the NEWSPAPER OF THE YEAR future. I am a physician who decided to pur­ The Vineyard Gazette was named the best sue fundamental research, because I could community newspaper iii New England last have a larger impact on patient care through February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3427 basic research and teaching than by treating These goals have intrinsic scientific inter­ laboratories a decade or two, a big job, but individual patients. I have pursued this ca­ est, but more importantly, this knowledge one well worth the investment. reer for nearly 20 years and have been grati­ will have direct impact on the health of Then we need to determine how the var­ fied that my own research has progressed every citizen. To help you understand the ious components interact and how they are from an initial curiosity about how a single connection between the abstract goals of cel­ regulated. cell moves to a fairly detailed understanding lular and molecular biologists and health If provided with the resources to reach of many of the molecules responsible for this care, let me try the following analogy: these goals, we can look forward to a day fundamental property of life. If your TV breaks down, you can expect when we will have enough fundamental in­ Three years ago I had a frightening per­ that the TV repair shop will fix it. Your faith formation about normal cells to make it pos­ sonal encounter with colon cancer that is well founded if the repair person has a sible to identify the specific molecular de­ reaffirmed my conviction about the impor­ complete blueprint of your TV and under­ fects in disease. This knowledge about the tance of basic research. Even though my at­ stands how all of the electronic components underlying molecular defects in disease will tention was focussed on the details of oper­ contribute to its operation. On the other change medicine in fundamental ways. I ex­ ations and chemotherapy, the main thing I hand, if you brought your TV to me, I could pect that rational approaches will supplant learned as a scientist-patient was how frus­ not fix it because I have neither the plans empirical approaches to prevention, diag­ trating it is to deal with a deadly disease nor any understanding of how the individual nosis and treatment. For example, rather about which we know so little that physi­ parts work. than treating the symptoms, like we now do cians do not have adequate tools for defini­ In the same way, we physicians are limited for most diseases including the common tive diagnosis and treatment. Thanks to the in what we can do for our patients, because cold, arteriosclerosis and cancer, we hope to skillful surgeon, I am still doing well, but if we have only an incomplete blueprint and a be able to intervene to correct or prevent the my disease had advanced even a little bit limited understanding of how our various underlying molecular defects that cause the further at the time of diagnosis, my doctors parts work. When confronted by patients symptoms. would have been helpless. Biomedical sci­ with most diseases, physicians now are bet­ SOME RECENT BREAKTHROUGHS entists are looking for the information that ter off than I would be faced with a broken Muscular dystrophy and cystic fibrosis are will allow physicians to deal with illness in TV, but the holes in our knowledge limit our beautiful examples of the complementary a definitive way. success. Fundamental improvements will nature of targeted and untargeted research. Let me start with a short anecdote. Last only be made through deeper understanding Recently, highly focussed international re­ year I had the following conversation with a of baste biological processes. search efforts have identified and sequenced bright, college-educated contractor who was Basic scientists are optimistic that we can the genes causing these common hereditary working on our house. He asked me why I contribute this knowledge because we are on diseases. Remarkably, the proteins coded by spent such long hours at work, even Satur­ the verge of understanding, at the molecular these genes were easily recognized as rel­ days. I told him that I am a professor doing level, many of the fundamental processes of atives of proteins from other systems and research in cell biology and that there were life. For example, how cells decide to mul­ other organisms that had already been stud­ always exciting things to do in the la~that tiply or not, how cells move and how cells re­ ied in detail. These analogies immediately I actually enjoyed working. He asked, "What provided major insights into the mechanisms is so interesting?" I replied that there were spond to external signals-a list with imme­ diate relevance to cancer and other diseases. of these common diseases, even before the lots of little things that only an expert could Through years of hard work, largely fi­ defective proteins had never been examined. appreciate, but the big thing that stimulates The earlier studies on the related proteins everyone is that we are starting to see the nanced by the NIH, many important general principles are starting to emerge. Even were done for completely different reasons as big picture, that all of the little pieces that though our knowledge is still fragmentary, part of the untargeted research on basic bio­ each individual scientist works on are start­ logical processes that is supported by the ing to fit together. He was sophisticated we now know enough that cells are starting to make sense at the molecular level. Al­ NIH and NSF. enough to be surprized and replied, "I most every week new concepts, connections Colon cancer is an example of a very com­ thought that you scientists are always push­ and (most importantly) simplifications mon disease (affecting 1 to 20 Americans) ing back endless frontiers, that you work where a lack of understanding of the molecu­ hard, but basically you never get anywhere." emerge, so I expect that we will eventually be able to explain the fundamentals of life lar defects prevents definitive treatment in Some of you must have similar thoughts, with a limited set of general concepts. For many cases. But there are reasons for opti­ particularly when we scientists come to mism. Recent work has established that a Washington to ask for support. You see bil­ example, research in the past decade has re­ vealed that our ability to see each other here small number of specific genes are defective lions of dollars invested each year but must today is based on the same type of bio­ in many of these cancers. Investigators ex­ wonder whether our citizens are getting a chemical machinery that allows amebas to pect that these genes are part of a delicate good bang for their bucks. To be sure there communicate with each other out in the soil. network of genes controlling cell division. are triumphs such as the recent discoveries The good news is that life processes are The cancer cell multiply abnormally because of a number of genes responsible for heredi­ their control circuits are defective. At the tary diseases including muscular dystrophy based on a complex but limited repertoire of molecular mechanisms, mechanisms that are very least, this knowledge will aid in the and cystic fibrosis, but you must wonder: within our reach if the funds and people are identification of individuals at high risk for Why don't we have a vaccine for AIDS? available to do the work. the disease, who can then be carefully Why don't we have a "cure" for cancer? We are also optimistic because most of this watched for the early signs of disease. Ulti­ How does basic biomedical research impact work has been done during your lifetimes mately, we can hope that a full characteriza­ clinical medicine? and the pace of discovery accelerates all of tion of the products of these genes will lead QUESTIONS, ANSWERS, AND OPPORTUNITIES the time. Experiments that one could only to specific new thereapies to replace the rel­ The reason that we still have more ques­ dream about in 1960 are now possible on a atively nonspecific forms of chemotherapy tions than answers is that living organisms, routine basis due to fantastic (but often and radiotherapy that we must rely on particularly ourselves, are extremely com­ costly) improvements in techniques. Each today. plicated. Biological systems are incredibly scientist can now be much more productive This is only a small part of the story of well built but much more complex than the than ever before. how basic biomedical research will impact most sophisticated man-made machines. the health care of you and your family in the Flies are built much better than Boeing THE UNFINISHED BUSINESS years to come. The research community is 747's. They not only have more parts, but Let's see what we still need to learn: eager to do this work and looks to Congress they can reproduce in a few days, lift heavier We know that cells consist of many thou­ for continued support of our efforts. loads and take off and land more reliably. sands of different kinds of parts, each The formation of the Congressional Bio­ Humans are, of course, much more complex. present in hundreds to millions of identical medical Research Caucus has encouraged the This complexity provides a tremendous copies. We have named and characterized a research community and it is the support challenge for biological scientists. We want few thousand of these parts, but there are that we need to continue our work. We wel­ to understand how cells and the organisms still big gaps in our knowledge. We need to come the opportunity to present our views to that they make up are put together. One way complete this inventory and characterize the the Congress and to be among the many in­ is the reductionist strategy that dominates major components. terests concerned with developing health biology today. We want an inventory of all of One part of this knowledge comes from policy for the nation. The Caucus will pro­ the parts. We want to know in detail how analysis of genes, including the kind of work vide an ongoing relationship with the Con­ each of the parts works and how the various supported by the Human Genome Project. gress and a forum to exchange views. parts function together. From this analysis But to understand the mechanism of action we are confident that we will understand the of the product of each gene, it is usually nec­ TESTIMONY OF MALCOLM A. MARTIN, M.D. function of whole organisms, including hu­ essary to isolate and characterize the pro­ It is a privilege and honor to be invited mans, at the molecular level. tein product, a task that might take several here today by the Biomedical Research Cau- 3428 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 cus and speak to you about why it has been in about one infected person in a 1000. Many or she is exposed to HIV will permit the so difficult to develop an AIDS vaccine. As of you know that two different types of effec­ eradication of even more virus and/or virus­ many of you know, I am presently an em­ tive vaccines are available which prevent infected cells (that is 99.99% rather than ployee of the National Institutes of Health paralytic poliomyelitis. How and when do only 99%). where I head a basic virology laboratory in these vaccines work? In a vaccinated person There are also a number of other pressing the National Institute of Allergy and Infec­ exposed to poliovirus, the virus still gets to virologic issues that must be dealt with be­ tious Diseases. My background is only and multiplies in the intestinal tract but fore an effective HIV vaccine can be devel­ unique in that I am a so-called physician sci­ then something else occurs. Cells of the im­ oped. Some of these are unique to the HIV entist-a Yale Medical School graduate who, mune system, previously primed with an in­ life cycle. First, there is the issue of what following an internship and residency at the activated or attentuated poliovirus vaccine, the target of an AIDS vaccine ought to be. University of Rochester, joined the U.S Pub­ recognize the infecting virus for what it is­ For most other successful vaccines, the tar­ lic Health Service in 1964 to fulfill my mili­ a foreign invader-and the infected intes­ get has always been the invading virus par­ tary obligation. I have been at the NIH every tinal cells, as they produce new generations ticle. It is very likely, that in the case of since. In 1964 I was extremely interested in of poliovirus particles, are attached, seques­ HIV, the target of a putative vaccine will be infectious diseases, particularly viral dis­ tered, and ultimately eliminated by the im­ infected cells and not actual virus particles. eases, and wanted to understand how viruses mune system of a vaccinated person. As a re­ This would then be another "first" for vac­ damaged tissues and killed cells, or in the sult, virus fails to enter the blood stream cine development-the elimination of in­ case of retroviruses, which I have studied for and consequently never reaches the spinal fected cells rather than virus particles is a the past 20 years, how they produced leuke­ cord where it can induce a paralytic disease. far more difficult task for a number of rea­ mia in mice. During this period I became so The hallmark of an effective vaccine-its sons. In other systems, antibodies, which ap­ taken with basic biomedical research, that I ability to prevent disease--is the typical and pear following the administration of a vac­ elected to remain in the laboratory rather expected outcome, certainly obvious in the cine, are effective in eradicating a future en­ than practice medicine. Over the years at case of the Salk or Sabin polio vaccines. The counter with pathogenic virus particles. In the NIH, I have worked with and have be­ same scenario but with different initial cell contrast, it is very likely that antibodies come familiar with a number of different targets is played out with other well-known alone, will not be up to the job of eliminat­ animal viruses. Many of these agents do not and effective vaccines such as those for ing infected cells. Other components of the cause terribly serious diseases but rather, smallpox, measles, or hepatitis. The main immune system-such as lymphocytes which because they are so small and compact and thing to keep in mind is that all of these specifically seek out and destroy cells con­ live in mammalian cells, they serve as sim­ vaccines do one thing-they prevent disease taining HIV-will have to participate in the ple models of cancer, cellular differentiation, development. There is one thing these vac­ protective response. Part and parcel of this and gene regulation. cines do not do-they do not prevent an in­ same issue is whether the cells, bringing HIV Today I'd like to share with you what I've coming virus, the virus one is "vaccinated into the body of an uninfected person, are ac­ learned about the human immunodeficiency against" from infecting cells-the initial tively producing virus particles or simply de­ virus or HIV as we now refer to it, and try to growth of poliovirus in the small intestine livering a dormant, yet potentially infec­ explain why it has been so excruciatingly still occurs in vaccinated individuals but the tious copy of HIV, to a new victim. The lat­ difficult to design an effective protective immune system, primed by a previous vac­ ter cells can be viewed as carrying a "time vaccine for AIDS. We've learned a tremen­ cination, prevents virus spread to the spinal bomb" into a newly infected person. If the dous amount about HIV during the past 7 or cord and no disease ensues. immune system does not "recognize" or de­ 8 years including: how to detect HIV in in­ As you will soon learn, it may turn out tect such a silent cellular invader, infection fected people or in samples of blood (purging that an effective vaccine for HIV may have may be subsequently established despite the of blood supply), we've learned in what tis­ to not only prevent disease, but possibly do administration of a potent vaccine. Thus we sues and organs the virus resides and multi­ something no other vaccine has had to ac­ are asking for an AIDS vaccine which not plies in the body of an infected person; we've complish-protect against the initial virus only acts extremely rapidly to eliminate new learned how the virus directs the production infection. How much do we know about the virus, but a vaccine which will seek out and and assembly of newly synthesized virus par­ life cycle of HIV in an infected person and destroy cells that may be carrying latent, ticles, and we've identified points of vulner­ what are the features of the virus growth unexpressed virus from person to person. ab111ty during the virus life cycle, some of cycle which make the development of such a Another extremely perplexing issue unique which have resulted in the development of vaccine so frustratingly difficult? First, un­ to the HIV family of viruses is the extent to useful antiviral drugs such as AZT. One can like the poliovirus example I described ear­ which the virus, and in particular, the outer rhetorically ask, if we have learned so much lier, an HIV infection is not straightforward; coat or shell of the virus called the viral en­ and now know so much about HIV, why to efficiently multiply, HIV goes through a velope, can vary. The HIV virus in infected hasn't a useful vaccine been developed? series of molecular contortions which are human beings is not a stable, discrete entity. The answer is obviously not simple-in both subtle and devious. Perhaps the most It is an ever-changing mixture or "swarm" fact it is enormously complex as you will important of these is the insertion of a copy of viruses exhibiting a continuum of growth learn over the next few minutes. Perhaps it of HIV into the chromosomal DNA of the in­ and cell killing or cell injuring potential. would be useful to begin by briefly discussing fected person. This genetic imprinting of in­ Current wisdom indicates that to be effec­ viruses for which effective vaccines have fected people by HIV results in a situation in tive, an AIDS vaccine should target the viral been developed in order to put the problem which cells, which have survived an initial envelope. Thus the true challenge we face is with HIV in the proper perspective. Effective encounter with the virus, may recover but the development of a vaccine against not vaccines are currently available for several still contain a potentially activable and in­ only all presently known HIV strains, but viral diseases including polio and smallpox. fectious copy of HIV situated in their chro­ unknown strains of the future as well. And How are these agents or the diseases they in­ mosomes. Thus the initial HIV infection to raise the level of difficulty even further, duce different from HIV and AIDS? First, the must be rapidly and completely aborted be­ the protective immune response must occur polio and smallpox viruses and viruses like fore the virus can gain any foothold in a re­ very rapidly-preferably before the first cell them have a simple and direct way of attack­ cently exposed individual. To be "fail-safe", in a newly exposed person becomes infected. ing cells. They invade their cellular targets an effective AIDS vaccine must act at the As you may gather from these remarks, (cells of the intestinal tract in the case of very first steps of an HIV infection, stopping the road ahead in AIDS vaccine development polio or cells in the respiratory tract in the the invading virus in its tracts at or near its is quite daunting. A number of fundamental case of small pox), they commandeer the cel­ portal of entry. Careful studies of recently questions need answering including, most lular machinery to exclusively produce prog­ infected people indeed indicate that the importantly, whether it is even possible to eny virus particles, killing the virus-produc­ body's own response to HIV is quite excel­ produce an effective AIDS vaccine? The an­ ing cells in the process. Their is nothing lent. Virtually all of the virus and virus-pro­ swer to this question seems to be "yes" and fancy or subtle going on here. The virus rep­ ducing cells are destroyed within the first 3 has emerged during the past year when sci­ licates and kills target cells. In the case of weeks of a typical HIV infection. Unfortu­ entists working at several primate centers polio, virus growth in the intestine may con­ nately, the elimination of 99% of the infect­ around the world have reported the protec­ tinue for several days with, in many in­ ing virus is apparently insufficient. Because tion of some animals from infection with a stances, very little, if any, in the way of of other unique properties of HIV which I monkey virus related to HIV called SIV or symptoms in the infected individual. How­ shall mention in a moment, the virus or cells simian immunodeficiency virus. In experi­ ever, in less than 5% of people infected with with the potential to produce virus persists ments that can be called "carefully con­ poliovirus, the virus leaves the intestine, en­ in infected people and this persistence is trolled" or "contrived", depending on one's ters the blood, and is disseminated to other what ultimately leads to the development of perspective, some of the rhesus monkeys, parts of the body including the spinal cord clinical symptoms and the disease we call vaccinated with inactivated preparations of where it evokes its classic and feared AIDS. The critical question is whether the SIV, failed to develop a virus infection under symptons-that of paralysis-which is seen vaccination of an individual at risk before he the following conditions: (1) They were chal- February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3429 lenged with very low doses of virus; (2) the for western Reclamation States and will en­ help mitigate the effects of drought conditions challenge virus was identical to the virus able the Bureau of Reclamation to respond in through financial aid and resource manage­ used for vaccination; (3) the monkeys were a timely, meaningful fashion to present and fu­ ment, in coordination with State governments. only challenged if they developed high levels of protective antibodies which usually oc­ ture drought emergencies. However, that temporary authority expired at curred shortly after the vaccination proce­ In June 1990, the Phoenix city council the end of 1989. Although $25 million was au­ dure. Under these very artifical conditions, adopted a four-stage drought emergency plan. thorized to be appropriated, no funds were ap­ it was clearly possible to protect some mon­ In November of 1990, the city implemented propriated. Within available funding at the keys from a challenge with SIV. stage 1 of that plan, which requires a 5-per­ time, and under the temporary authority, the The next question we face is whether it cent water reduction by city departments, a BuRec did accomplish a number of drought will be feasible to develop an SIV or HIV vac­ media campaign to encourage voluntary water response and planning studies. Although ef­ cine that w111 be effective under more natu­ conservation by residential homes and busi­ ral conditions. And this is where basic forts were made to pass new legislation, the science research enters the picture because nesses; schedules watering of city landscapes Congress failed to pass new temporary several of the questions which must be ad­ and golf courses, and voluntary use of decora­ drought assistance legislation in the 1 01 st dressed involve fundamental immunological, tive fountains. In essence, stage 1 puts resi­ Congress. virological and/or molecular genetic issues dents on notice that more severe steps could Both earlier acts were not adequate to ad­ such as the following: Which viral protein or be taken in 1991. Several other cities in Ari­ dress the emergency nature of drought pro­ proteins elicits protective immunity? Are in­ zona have taken steps to require residential tact virus particles rather than individual grams, primarily because of the temporary na­ "low flow" water conservation for new and ex­ ture of the authority, time constraints, the time viral proteins necessary to evoke this protec­ isting developments. The State Department of tive immune response? Which cell in the im­ consuming nature of the necessary planning mune system is the critical one for Water Resources also regulates municipal and and implementation of federal drought re­ resistence to an HIV infection? What can be agricultural water use in the major metropoli­ sponse efforts, and lack of available funding. tan areas. done to increase the vigilance of the immune Permanent authority is needed. This year, the Central Arizona Project is ex­ system enabling it to produce sustained high Drought conditions in the west have become levels of circulating antibodies and/or pected to draw most of its entitlement of 1.5 progressively more severe as we now enter lymphocytes capable of destroying new million acre feet of water from the Colorado virus? What is the nature of the selective River. Salt River Project [SRP] reservoirs on the fifth year of sustained drought conditions pressure in the body of an infected person the Salt and Verde Rivers have been substan­ in most of the 17 reclamation states. Most rec­ which is responsible for the presence of mul­ tially drawn down. Reports indicate that river lamation projects have carryover storage to tiple varieties of circulating HIV particles? provide adequate water during a few consecu­ Are there reservoirs or "priviledged sanc­ drainages throughout Arizona have been un­ usually dry over the past 2 years because of tive years of drought. However, demand from tuaries" in the body for HIV where it can es­ reclamation facilities has grown in the west as cape from the immune system and generate low mountain runoff. Water levels at San Car­ virus variants capable of inducing disease? los Lake and Lake Pleasant are also very low. population and other water needs increase, These are all difficult questions, many of During 1990, the Maricopa County board of and the drought conditions worsen. Water which presently have no answers. As of De­ supervisors adopted new water requirements shortages influenced by drought will most like­ cember 1 of 1990, the CDC in Atlanta counted for new residential developments in unincor­ ly occur more frequently in the future, requir­ 157,525 AIDS cases in the U.S. since the epi­ porated areas to encourage the use of treated ing both water supply and demand to be man­ demic began more than 10 years ago; this is effluent water for lakes and golf courses. Use aged more effectively and efficiently. a mind-boggling number that has been asso­ Most of the available water conservation ef­ ciated with 98,530 deaths from AIDS. It has of effluent is being used more in the Phoenix been conservatively estimated that there are and Tucson metropolitan areas, as a means of forts can be pursued by the Bureau of Rec­ currently more than one million HIV in­ ground water conservation. Municipal lamation under existing authority. However, fected persons in the U.S., each capable of wastewater effluent is also used for cooling legislation is needed to broaden existing law transmitting the virus to uninfected individ­ purposes at the Palo Verde Nuclear Power to apply to multipurpose water facilities rather uals. Worldwide, the data is even more de­ Plant. than just irrigation facilities. Legislation is also pressing. It is estimated that by the year In southern California, the Metropolitan needed to provide the Secretary with the per­ 2000, there wm be a global prevalence figure Water District [MWD] has imposed a manda­ manent authority to work with State govern­ of 30 million infected people. It is of obvious ments to allow the Bureau of Reclamation to public health importance to begin answering tory program to reduce water consumption some of the questions relating to HIV vac­ overall by 17 percent. For the first time since participate in short-term drought contingency cine development I have brought to your at­ 1977, the MWD will reduce water deliveries to planning and other drought emergency re­ tention. HIV has now infected a sufficiently its member agencies by 10 percent for resi­ sponse measures. large enough fraction of the world's popu­ dential uses and 30 percent for agriculture. The Reclamation Drought Response Act of lation to sustain itself for the forseeable fu­ More severe mandatory water use restrictions 1991 would provide permanent authority for ture. We now know it is possible to protect are likely to be imposed later this month for the Secretary of the Interior to: some monkeys from an SIV infection. We agriculture and the 15 million urban residents Declare and terminate reclamation contin­ don't know whether it will be practical to produce an effective AIDS vaccine but it is served by the MWD. Mandatory water use re­ gency plan activities. imperative that novel molecular and cellular strictions are also in place in central and Facilitate water transfers or institute a water strategies be brought to bear on this prob­ northern California. market to serve users beyond the existing lem. The adverse public health consequences According to the Bureau of Reclamation, if service area and authorized project functions. HIV poses, particularly for young and mid­ the drought in California continues as forecast, Use reclamation project facilities for tem­ dle-aged people, are both obvious and com­ Reclamation water deliveries for California ag­ porary storage and to transport water for mu­ pelling. ricultural use will only be 25 percent of normal, nicipal and industrial and other uses outside and for municipal use, only 45 percent of nor­ the project service area-extension of the mal. The California Department of Water Re­ INTRODUCTION OF THE RECLAMA­ Warren Act Authority. sources has curtailed all water deliveries for TION DROUGHT RESPONSE · ACT Provide short-term water from dead or inac­ agricultural purposes from the State Water OF 1991 tive storage or ground water systems. Project [SWP], and municipal water supplies Allocate emergency funds and request addi­ HON. JOHN J. RHODF.S from the SWP may also be reduced. tional funds as needed. m PERMANENT FEDERAL ACTION NEEDED Provide emergency loans for minor struc­ OF ARIZONA When drought conditions occurred through­ tural and nonstructural activities with repay­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES out the west in 1977 and again in 1987 and ment obligations consistent with existing law Wednesday, February 6, 1991 1988, Congress passed temporary emergency and policy. Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ drought legislation--the Emergency Drought Establish water banks to exchange, sell, or troducing the Reclamation Drought Response Act of 1988 (Public Law 95-107), and the lease water, consistent with all State water Act of 1991. This legislation, while certainly Reclamation States Drought Assistance Act of laws. not a panacea for lack of much needed pre­ 1988 (P.L. 10~387). The 1988 legislation di­ Provide technical assistance for conserva­ cipitation, can provide some measure of relief rected the Bureau of Reclamation [BuRec] to tion, contingency planning and research. 3430 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 Establish a drought emergency fund with cent history has shown that chemicals found hope that one day these African-Americans secretarial authority to disburse moneys from on work clothes are frequently brought into will be recognized by all Americans for the the fund. the family home. This poses a health risk to content of their character. Authorize the Commissioner of Reclamation the workers' families, particularly their children. Additional study is needed to deter­ In the face of overwhelming abstacles Black to provide technical assistance to U.S. terri­ mine the extent of the problem and if federal Americans have survived and often prospered. tories, State and other non-Federal water au­ regulations are needed. These people of strength and courage ex­ thorities east of the 1OOth meridian for con­ SECTION 3. STUDY OF EMPLOYEE TRANSPORTED celled in fields as varied as law, medicine, servation, contingency planning and research, CONTAMINANT RELEASES science, journalism, business, the arts, and re­ with funding advanced to the Secretary. Also, Case studies make up the primary empha­ ligion. to conduct a Precipitation Management Tech­ sis of this section. A total of Sl m1llion is au­ These Black Americans did not allow preju­ nology Transf~r Program and field studies on thorized, allowing up to 10 case studies dice to douse the fire of imagination nor big­ a cost-shared basis with the States. ($100,000 each) of recent incidents. The case otry to put out the flame of knowledge. Instead Make water available on a temporary basis studies will review recent incidents to deter­ they used their intelligence, ingenuity, and de­ for protecting fish and wildlife resources. mine not only why they happened, but what, termination to enlighten the world. Implement all secretarial authority granted if any, long-term effects resulted. I hope that the knowledge of their struggle by the act and the implementing rules. In addition, both the National Institute for and ultimate triumph will inspire yet another The legislation provides that all these new Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Secretary of Labor are to conduct eval­ generation to work to overcome any obstacle or extended authorities shall comply with the uations of home contamination of workplace which may be encountered on the long and National Environmental Policy Act [NEPAl and chemicals.· NIOSH is to: (1) identify indus­ arduous road to freedom. all other applicable environmental laws. tries prone to such contaminations based This portrait is taken from the Dictionary of I urge my colleagues, especially those from upon past incidents and enforcement actions; American Negro Biography, edited by Rayford hard hit drought areas in the west, to join me (2) evaluate current measures used to pre­ W. Logan and Michael R. Winston. I commend in sponsoring this legislation. vent home contamination; and (3) compile a these gentlemen on their enlightening work. review of relevent industrial hygiene re­ CLAUDE A. BARNEn search. The Secretary of Labor is to: (1) evaluate the effectiveness of current regu­ Claude A. Barnett was born in 1889 in San­ WORKERS' FAMILY PROTECTION ford, FL, the son of William Barnett and ACT latory programs designed to prevent home contamination; (2) compile a review of in­ Celena Anderson, Claude was 1-year old door air quality issues as they relate to when he went to live with his maternal grand­ HON. CASS BAllENGER home contamination; and (3) determine the parents in Mattoon, IL, where he received his OF NORTH CAROLINA means families have to rectify contamina­ early training. He later attended school at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion of their homes. Tuscola, IL, where he lived with an aunt. He Wednesday, February 6, 1991 NIOSH is to issue a report within two also attended Douglass Elementary School in years of enactment summarizing the results Chicago and the Lille Boys House in Knoxville, Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, I am intro­ of these studies. ducing the Workers' Family Protection Act TN. He received his high school education at SECTION 4. REGULATIONS Oak Park High School in Chicago. He entered today. The purpose of the bill is to study the Within three years of enactment, the Sec­ problem of worker home contamination. Re­ Tuskegee Institute in Alabama in 1904, grad­ retary of Labor must either issue regulations uating in 1906 when he was awarded the cent history has shown that chemicals found to minimize the risk of future incidents of on work clothes are frequently brought into the home contamination or report to Congress highest certificate that Tuskegee Institute af­ family home. This poses a health risk to work­ that, based on the studies conducted under forded at that time. He returned to Chicago ers' families, particularly their children. Addi­ Section 3, additional regulation is unneces­ where he lived with an aunt and worked in the tional study is needed to determine the extent sary. In making this determination, the Sec­ post office. As a postal clerk Barnett had the of the problem and if Federal regulations are retary of Labor shall specifically look at in­ opportunity to read large numbers of maga­ needed. dustries that use lead, mercury, asbestos, zines and newspapers. He found such trade pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. Recent inci­ journals as Printers Ink, and Editor and Pub­ My interest in this issue stems from inci­ dents of home contamination have been doc­ dents of home contamination at a hazardous lisher so interesting and inspiring that he de­ umented or are believed likely with these cided to make advertising and journalism his waste incinerator in my district. Caldwell Sys­ chemicals. career. tems, Inc. [CSI] was closed in 1989 because SECTION 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS of charges that it was not operated safely. He entered the field of advertising in 1913 The cost of this legislation is not yet when he produced, with the aid of a photo re­ Because of their work at the plant, employ­ known. It is not the intent of this bill to cre­ ees unknowingly came in contact with many ate a costly program. Maximum expendi­ production expert, a series of portraits of fa­ hazardous chemicals. These employees have tures on the order of $3-5 million over the mous Negroes for exhibition and sale at the experienced a number of problems including course of the Act are anticipated. Chicago Exposition. Out of this venture a mail­ illnesses affecting their nerves, brains, and order business was established for the dis­ breathing. Another unfortunate result has been tribution of Negro portraits. Later Barnett that the families of these workers are also af­ BLACK ffiSTORY MONTH SALUTE joined with several other enterprising young fected. A number of children developed men to form a cosmetic business, the Kashmir breathing and other health-related problems HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS Chemical Co., and became its advertising because of chemicals brought home on their OF NEW YORK manager. parents' clothing. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Resigning his post office job, Barnett set out The CSI workers need protection, but so do on a cross-country trip from Chicago to Cali­ their families. My bill is one small step in that Wednesday, February 6, 1991 fornia stopping in several cities to sell his pic­ direction. Join me in helping to 111ake families Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, February is tures and the company's products. In every safe. Cosponsor the Workers' Family Protec­ Black History Month. It is with immense pride town he visited the Negro newspaper office if tion Act. that I stand to pay tribute to men and women one existed, hoping to interest more news­ Senator JAMES JEFFORDS introduced com­ who have contributed substantially to the his­ papers in selling him advertising space. He panion legislation in the Senate earlier this tory of this country. soon discovered that publishers were more in­ week. A summary of the bill is listed below. Despite their astounding contributions, most terested in getting news items from across the SECTION-BY-SECTION SUMMARY OF THE of the profiles which I will run this month will Nation than in his advertising proposition. Out WORKERS' FAMILY PROTECTION ACT be of people with whom you are unfamiliar. of this discovery grew the idea of creating a SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE Their lack of fame is not attributable to the press service to supply national' news to This act is entitled the Workers' Family paucity of their efforts of the dearth of their Negro newspapers around the country. Protection Act of 1991. ambition. Their contributions are often denied, The Kashmir board ·of directors, upon SECTION 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES their achievements are often attributed to oth­ Barnett's recommendation, provides funds The purpose of the b111 is to study the ers and their existence is overlooked in history needed to translate the idea into reality; thus problem of worker home contamination. Re- books because of their race. It is my fervent the Associated Negro Press was born in 1919. February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3431 It began by exchanging national news re­ Danny Thomas Show." The show ran from On January 23, we passed legislation over­ leases to publishers for advertising space. 1953 to 1964, one of the longest running com­ whelmingly condemning the treatment of the Soon they began to subscribe for the ANP edies on television, and earned Danny Thom­ POW's in Iraq. It is painfully obvious that service. as an Emmy Award. these men have been mistreated, their faces Barnett's interest in the plight of the south­ But perhaps the real beneficiaries of Danny are swollen, they have cuts and bruises and em Negro farmer was aroused by George Thomas' warmth and generosity are the thou­ they are very obviously intimidated by those Washington Carver during his early days at sands of young children that have been who are interrogating them. Some experts Tuskegee. Observing the conditions under helped by his establishment of the St. Jude even say there are strong indications that which tenant farmers and sharecroppers had Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, TN. these men have been drugged. Hussein has to live and work, he concluded that these When he was a struggling young actor, Danny proven himself continuously to be a war crimi­ farmers needed an opportunity to own a piece Thomas prayed to St. Jude, the patron saint of nal, by violating not only what our community of land and adequate credit to develop it, and hopeless cases, and vowed to someday build accepts in theory as standard, but also what he sought to do something about this. His a shrine to the patron. In 1962, he fulfilled his the community has agreed upon and signed offer to serve as a consultant to the Depart­ goals and founded St. Jude Children's Re­ as international law in the form of the Geneva ment of Agriculture was accepted in 1930, a search Hospital. Years later, Danny Thomas Conventions. Iraq, a party to this convention position he held under three secretaries, was still active in raising funds and participat­ now expects the global community to lie down Henry A. Sallance, Claude R. Wickard, and ing in the direction of the hospital. The hos­ and accept his disregard for the convention's Charles F. Brannon. He advised the agri­ pital is nationally recognized as a leading re­ contents. It seems Hussein has miscalculated culture secretaries on means of assisting search center for cancer afflicting children and once again. Negro farmers throughout the United States. other catastrophic children's diseases. If anything, the sight of our men on inter­ When Ezra Taft Benson became Secretary of In 1983, President Ronald Reagan said of national television has shocked the global Agriculture in 1953, he declared that Negro Danny Thomas, "• • • He is one of the great community into believing more strongly that consultants were no longer needed or wanted: statesmen in the show business world." In removal of this despot is not only necessary, Barnett and his coworker, Frederick D. Patter­ 1984, President Reagan recognized his con­ but an immediate requirement to ensure the son, president of Tuskegee, were terminated. tributions not just to the entertainment industry security and peace of the region and the He was a member of the board of the Liberia but to America as a whole by awarding him world. It has brought the coalition more firmly Co., New York City: the Chicago chapter and the Congressional Gold Medal. together in its commitment to returning peace the National Red Cross; the Phelps-Stokes Mr. President, Danny Thomas certainly was to the area and returning Kuwait to its citizens. · Fund, New York City; President Truman's a statesman. America will truly miss this But mostly, it has forged a commitment to get Committee for the Physically Handicapped; a warm, talented human being who gave so the job done as expeditiously as possible but life member of the Art Institute of Chicago. He much to our Nation. with an effectiveness that will ensure that we was a chevalier, Order of Honor and Merit, will not have to return so our troops may come Republic of Haiti, and commander, star of Afri­ home quickly. ca, Liberia. SADDAM HUSSEIN'S TREATMENT I know our military fighting men, I was one On June 24, 1934, Barnett was married to OF PRISONERS OF WAR myself. Those airmen taken by the Iraqis Etta Moten a well-known actress, singer, and would not be fighting in the United States mili­ radio personality. They traveled widely tcr HON. THOMAS J. BULEY, JR. tary if they were not patriots who believe in gether in Europe, Africa, and the West Indies, OF VIRGINIA their country. They are brave men who honor and become exponents of African art in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their country and I know that they did not will­ United States. Wednesday, February 6, 1991 ingly make those statements against the allied In spite of Claude Barnett's varied interests forces and the goals of Operation Desert and activities, both professional and social, the Mr. BULEY. Mr. Speaker, the unthinkable Storm. Associated Negro Press service continued to has happened. Hussein and his troops have Just last night, the Iraqi news reported that operate efficiently until his death on August 2, committed an unconscionable act by not only some of our airmen, who the Iraqis claim to 1967. forcing U.S. and allied prisoners of war to be have planted strategically as human shields, denigrated on international television but they have been injured in United States and allied have also forced them to become pawns in his air raids. Whether that is to be believed or not, . TRIBUTE TO DANNY THOMAS, game of terrorism. This attempt to use their whether it is a form of his terrorism and propa­ AMERICA WILL MISS HIM lives as political tools contradicts every facet ganda, I do not know. I hope and pray with all of the internationally agreed Geneva Conven­ my heart it is not true. But I will commit myself HON. MARCY KAP11JR tions which Iraq signed in 1956. I am enraged to ensure that this tyrant does not escape the OF OHIO by these acts and call on the United States trials of international justice, that the rules of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the international community to prosecute our global community are upheld and that and punish Hussein to the fullest extent of Wednesday, February 6, 1991 Saddam Hussein will be held responsible for international law upon termination of Operation the treatment he has dealt our men who have Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, I was saddened Desert Storm. Hussein alone is responsible for been captured. to learn this morning of the death of one of my the actions he has taken against the airmen districfs most beloved favorite sons and one and he should be held fully accountable. of America's most talented citizens and comEr As we look back on the history of this des­ JOSE E. SERRANO IN SUPPORT OF dians, Mr. Danny Thomas. Danny Thomas pot, we become more angry when we are able WILLIE COLON'S CALL FOR PEACE was truly one of those rare human beings who to watch as his human rights violations of the gave us so much in terms of his talent and his past become the reality of our airmen's daily HON.JOSELSERRANO time and energy, but asked for nothing in rEr lives before our eyes. During the 8 years Iraq OF NEW YORK tum. and Iran fought their war, the world agreed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Danny Thomas was raised in a large Leba­ that the treatment of the Iranians who were nesErCatholic family in Toledo, OH. He typi­ taken prisoner of war was an abomination. Wednesday, February 6, 1991 fied in his work his love of family and commu­ Within his own country, Hussein did not hesi­ Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, on January nity so characteristic of the value of the Mid­ tate to assimilate a genocidal terror on Iraqi 18, the well-known songwriter, musician, and west. Danny Thomas helped America under­ Kurds. Then again during the course of the active member of the Puerto Rican commu­ stand the beautiful heritage of LebanesEr past 6 months, there has been little if any hes­ nity, Willie Colon, was nominated to receive Americans who have contributed so much to itation in the pillaging, raping, and summary his eighth Grammy Award for his latest work, the enrichment of our national culture. execution of thousands of Kuwaiti nationals. "American Color." But while other nominees Many remember Danny Thomas for his role His methods are systematic, his means prac­ delivered flowery tributes, acknowledging sup­ in the popular television series "Make Room ticed and his understanding of international porters, assistants, and colleagues, Willie for Daddy" which was later renamed "The sentiment toward these acts is grossly limited. Colon received this nomination not thinking of 3432 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 music. Instead he spoke about peace. I would INTRODUCTION OF THE SMALL to suddenly become active in promoting SOB like to share his concerns and his message AND DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS contracting and subcontracting. with you. The following text is his speech aired FAIR SHARE ACT Consequently, today I am introducing the on WBAI-FM, New York City, January 27, Small and Disadvantaged Business Fair Share 1991: HON. CARDISS COWNS Act, along with a number of cosponsors. It ad­ It is an honor to have received this 8th OF ILLINOIS dresses the situation by imposing a set of Grammy nomination. I hope to be able fi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES signposts which give the DOD and its prime nally to enjoy the results of NARAS' mem­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 contractors better direction in satisfying their bership vote. Frankly this personal victory legal requirements. At the same time, it pro­ is difficult to enjoy in light of the state of Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, the vides greater accountability which will make it war in which we find ourselves. 1980's were years of prosperity for Fortune easier for the Department and Congress to These last days I've exhausted my mental 500 companies. The decade was especially monitor the results of the section 1207 set­ energies trying to decipher in what way we generous to major defense contractors. But aside and the section 211 subcontracting di­ have been threatened. Is it because we are the 1980's were not so kind to America's mi­ rective. afraid that we'll have to pay a little more at nority-owned businesses. The bill has a number of components. First, the gas pump? Is that why we are sacrificing Our country's small, disadvantaged busi­ the DOD is directed to improve its efforts in human lives? nesses [SOB's] have always struggled to re­ outreaching to potential SOB contractors In my opinion the attack on Iraq was un­ turn a profit and grow. Incremental progress through business organizations and direct con­ necessary. The economic sanctions were had been made in the 1970's as SOB's ex­ tacts. This could involve databases, registers, working. If we'd given the sanctions more panded into new, contemporary fields, beyond and local government SOB offices. time: (1) Loss of life wouldn't be a factor (2) the low-skilled service professions to which Second, non-SOB contractors would have to Israel possibly wouldn't have been attacked they were once relegated. (3) The U.S. wouldn't have further desta­ prepare plans for achieving their SOB sub­ bilized a fragile region. However, the 1980's were a period of great contracting goals in accordance with the re­ It should be understood that the U.N. vote regression for SOB's. They simply did not get quirements of section 211. The plans would was a sham. It wasn't the General Assembly their proportional share of the pie. The have to aim for " * * * spending 10 percent of that voted but the Security Council. These Reagan administration offered no encourage­ the total amount of the contract on sub­ countries were economically manipulated. ment and even erected new barriers to SOB contracting with * * *" SOB's. Proof of having Twelve votes passed this resolution which is participation in Federal Government contract­ actually subcontracted with SOB's must be being enforced, unlike the 109 votes against ing and subcontracting. Some of these impedi­ provided by the contractor and, if the contrac­ the U.S. in Granada which were ignored. ments included emphasis on long track tor is not in compliance, it may not be award­ There should have been a process at the records and imposition of bonding and capital­ ed any other defense contracts and it must General Assembly level because this decision ization requirements, all of which favored provide the DOD with information concerning impacts the whole world. older, more established firms. By and large, its outreach efforts, why it chose not to sub­ This war manipulated by the U.S. is so pri­ SOB's were not given serious consideration as contract with specific SOBs and what it plans vate that Israel can't defend herself without prime contractors. Of equal importance, the to do in the upcoming year to bring itself in seeking permission from the "alliance." Ku­ administration was diffident toward the sys­ compliance. wait is no democracy. Like Saudi Arabia it tematic exclusion of SOB's from subcontract­ Third, to enhance enforcement, 10 percent is a monarchy whose subjects have few rights. But they do have petroleum and ing under Federal contracts. The Reagan ad­ of the contract amount will be paid by the enough money to buy our sons and daughters ministration had a similarly dismal record on DOD directly to the SOB subcontractors and bodies. enforcement of our Nation's equal employment no price adjustments can be paid to any con­ Let's not forget that we are destroying a opportunity laws. All in all, the Reagan era tractor who is out of compliance. Additionally, culture here. Our sons should be made aware contracting policy seemed to disdainfully the administration of these provisions will be that this isn't a Nintendo game. When that thumb its nose at minorities, forgetting that treated as one of the many factors involved in electronic sight bears down and the flash people of African, Hispanic, native American, the DOD contracting officer's performance confirms the detonation, there are children, and Asian ancestry are Americans, too. evaluation. mothers and fathers dying. Poor people. In­ To remedy these obvious inequities, Con­ Fourth, the section 1207 set-aside goal is nocent people. gress passed into law Public Law 96-661, raised from 5 percent to 10 percent. In the The truth is that the Iraq War was re­ section 1207, the Department of Defense set­ mid-1980's, despite the height of the Reagan hearsed in Granada. In the supposed libera­ aside program. It was believed that section administration's influence, the House of Rep­ tion of Panama, we were similarly looking to 1207 would compel greater SOB participation resentatives voted in favor of the 1207 Pro­ punish one man. Our Panamanian brothers gram having a 10 percent goal. It is time for are still waiting for promised reparations in the largest slice of Federal contracting. But after the destruction of their country. instead, the noncompliance with section 1207 the House to do so again, and, this time, for Take into account these aggressions are merely showcased the problems. the Senate to join us. In a country where, by committed only to certain non anglosaxon With the exception of a scattered handful of conservative estimates, at least 25 percent of cultures and not other cultures. They are conferences in the past year, the DOD has a the population is composed of minorities, it is punished with impunity. Who will be next? very meager record of effort to outreach to a pathetic illusion of equality to assert that a Mexico? Venezuela? Colombia? Puerto Rico? SOB's, as reflected by their repeated protesta­ 5-percent set-aside will actually help so many Why have we not liberated Ireland or Lithua­ tions that there were few if any qualified millions of people. nia? SOB's ready, willing and able to contract with Fifth, although it is common with large con­ I know that this statement is controver­ it. The 5-percent goal for contracting with tracts for the contractor to subcontract with a sial. Nevertheless these are times when the SOB's resulted in a paltry 2.3-percent perform­ number of firms, section 1207 presently sets patriot and the man of conscience must ance through the initial years, most of which an arbitrary limit. Currently, 50 percent of the stand and protest against the tidal wave of contracts were for janitorial and kitchen serv­ contract must be performed by the SOB con­ propaganda and false patriotism. ices. Little if any direction was given to non­ tractor who was awarded the contract. That is Meanwhile I have found a refuge in prayer. SOB contractors to subcontract with SOB's, in simply not feasible in certain situations, and it I pray for the Puerto Ricans and all others in the Persian Gulf. The thought of so many in­ direct contravention of Public Law 95-507, can actually function as an impediment to an nocent victims is a thorn in my heart. section 211, which directs Federal contractors SOB being awarded especially large and com­ Mmtary force is no substitute for a foreign to subcontract with SOB's to the maximum ex­ plex contracts. So, my bill would allow, as an policy with conscience and justice. tent practicable. The total absence of any optional alternative to the "50 percent Rule", a God bless America. monitoring mechanism or recordkeeping fur­ "75 percent Rule": that it is an acceptable per­ ther underscored the lack of support for these formance of the contract when 75 percent of programs. it is attributable to the contracting-SOB or Something must be done to salvage these other SOB's. Thus, as long as 75 percent of programs and rectify the problems. We cannot the contract is performed by SOB's, the "50 afford to rest idly, relying on the administration percent Rule" is deemed to be met. This also February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3433 has the benefit of inviting more minority-owned after 37 Navy servicemen died from an Iraqi Whereas more than 450,000 members of the businesses into the government contracting missile attack on the U.S.S. Stark 3 years United States Armed Forces are risking arena. ago. During Vietnam, remains of American their lives in the Persian Gulf conflict; Sixth, the "non-manufacturer rule" presently service men and women returned both Whereas the people of the United States share the grief of the American military says that an SOB contractor cannot participate through Travis Air Force Base and Dover Air families who lose loved ones in the Persian under the 1207 Program for a supply of dis­ Force Base. Arrival ceremonies were some­ Gulf conflict; and tribution contract when the product involved is times-though not always-held. Whereas it is appropriate that public arriv­ not manufactured by an SOB. But some prod­ Public ceremonies serve an important func­ al ceremonies be held at Dover Air Force ucts-such as photocopiers, trucks, and tele­ tion. They need not be mandatory, but it Base to receive the remains of the members visions-have no SOB producers. Thus, my seems to me that at certain times they are of the United States Armed Forces who gave bill would waive the "non-manufacturer rule" in very appropriate. A military unit may want to their lives in the Persian Gulf conflict and to · honor their memory: Now, therefore, be it these cases. honor those who died in a single engagement. Seventh, it has been well established that Resolved by the House of Representatives (the The families may want such an honor ex­ Senate concurring), That the Congress urges the 1207 Program is prohibited from having tended in addition to local funeral services. In the Secretary of Defense to reinstate, when any adverse effect on various programs bene­ fact, I have been contacted by numerous fami­ feasible, the public arrival ceremonies that fiting small business. Nonetheless, my bill in­ lies in my district of Milwaukee, WI, who have have customarily been held at Dover Air cludes language to statutorily ensure that sons, daughters, brothers, sisters, and Force Base to receive the remains of the small businesses shall not be adversely af­ spouses serving in the gulf. They want to members of the United States Armed Forces fected by the 1207 Program ln any way. Fur­ who gave their lives in the service of their know: Why this new policy? Why will arrival country and honor their memory. thermore, it encourages the DOD to create ceremonies henceforth be prohibited? new contracting opportunities for small busi­ The Department of Defense has told fami­ nesses and SOB's by dividing large contracts lies that it will provide an escort to accompany FEARS OF OUR YOUTH MUST BE into smaller ones and generally avoiding con­ remains from Dover to the burial location and, DEALT WITH solidation. if requested, will also provide military pall­ Finally, my bill calls for a subtle expansion bearers, a rifle squad, and a bugler. But there HON. DOUG BEREUfER of the application of Equal Employment Op­ will be no ceremony and no public access portunity requirements. Presently, a contractor OF NEBRASKA upon arrival at Dover. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES must certify that it is in compliance with EEO I introduce this resolution because I believe Wednesday, February 6, 1991 requirements once it has been awarded a con­ that no honor is too great for those young men tract. Thus, EEO is enforced within that one and women who made the ultimate sacrifice Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, on February company. However, if 10 other companies had for our country. They should be honored not 5, 1991, a special editorial appeared in the submitted bids, those are 10 other companies just at local graveside, but we as a nation we Beatrice Sun by Martha Cook Fricke. Mrs. in which conformity with EEO requirements should honor them. There is no better way to Fricke is a member of the Ashland, NE, board are not enforced. My bill would impose EEO honor and remember them than to mark their of education and is currently serving as the compliance as a condition for eligibility to bid return to American soil with a simple but dig­ president of the National School Boards Asso­ on a contract, not simply to be awarded a con­ nified ceremony. ciation. The editorial addresses the sensitive tract. As a nation, we should recognize and grieve issue of helping children to deal with their In short, this bill is designed for enforce­ for these young Americans. They will never be fears about the war in the Persian Gulf. ment. We were serious about our commitment forgotten by their families and friends. This is Thanks to modern technology, this war, more to these concerns when we wrote them into one way that we as a nation can remember than any other, is being fought during prime our laws. Now we must take steps to eliminate them. time on television. As the reality of possible the obstacles which prevent them from being More than 100 Americans have already died chemical warfare is brought into the Nation's effective. The section 211, section 1207, and in the gulf and have returned to Dover. But did living rooms with each report of a Scud missile EEO programs each need bolstering. The we, as a nation, take a moment to mark the attack on Israel and Saudia Arabia, parents SOB Fair Share Act will make them work ef­ loss? No. Few Americans realize that we, as need to be aware of the fears felt by children fectively, as Congress originally intended. a country, have already lost so many precious and they need to know how to best assist their Mr. Speaker, I encourage my colleagues to young lives. The pain of war is not just the pri­ children in dealing with these fears. This Mem­ support this bill and lend their cosponsorship. vate pain borne by those families who lost a ber has included this helpful editorial for his child or a spouse or a sibling. As a nation, we colleagues' information. [From the Beatrice (NE) Sun, Feb. 5, 1991] RESOLUTION REGARDING AMER- should recognize their loss and recognize their ICAN SERVICE PERSONNEL pain. Surely public arrival ceremonies would FEARS OF OUR YOUTH MUST BE DEALT WITH (By Martha Cook Fricke) KILLED IN PERSIAN GULF WAR have been appropriate. That is all that this resolution says. It would In recent days, the war in the Persian Gulf permit, not require, arrival ceremonies for the has occupied the thoughts of the American HON. JIM MOODY slain. It simply urges the Secretary of Defense people, including its children. OF WISCONSIN to reinstate, where feasible and appropriate, Because young children frequently have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES public arrival ceremonies at Dover Air Force concerns they cannot express, or have unre­ alistic impressions that go unstated, both Wednesday, February 6, 1991 Base. Perhaps we can take this one small op­ parents and school officials are encouraged Mr. MOODY. Mr. Speaker, today I am intrgrassroots events to welcome our ries of changes would make the grants a ben­ $78 in 1996. In subsequent years, the part A troops home after the war, and she has al­ efit and substitute them for loans in the first premium would be indexed to the growth in ready been contacted by dozens of interested years of postsecondary enrollment in an ef­ the hospital part A deductible. citizens across the country. They are already fort to reduce loan defaults and encourage A second component of this legislation planning welcome home parades, rallies, ap­ low-income students to enter college. He also suggested abolishing Perkins would address a problem of particular concern preciation ceremonies, and support groups for to certain State and local employees living in loans, the low-interest, federally guaranteed our troops. I hope that my colleagues will work loans that colleges make from revolving States which only recently agreed to allow to support similar groups in their districts. funds. The savings would go to increasing public employees to be covered under Social Our troops know that this battle is for peace, supplemental grants available only to the Security and Medicare. security, freedom and the rule of law through­ neediest students. And Ford spoke favorably The Consolidated Omnibus Reconciliation out the world, and they are sending this mes­ of a Bush administration proposal to have Act of 1985 [Cobra] mandates that all public sage loud and clear to other would-be dic­ the federal government replace private employees hired on or after April 1, 1986, par­ tators in the Third World. The troops are doing banks as the source of $12 billion in Stafford loans, which are federally guaranteed and ticipate in the Medicare Program. Cobra also their part; and so can we by supporting the allows public employees hired before April 1, subsidized. Those loans, once called Guaran­ Operation Desert Home Program. teed Student Loans, constitute the largest 1986, to voluntarily elect coverage under Med­ aid program. icare, with permission of their employer. "What I'm trying to do is provoke the Recently, the California State legislature en­ CHAIRMAN WILLIAM D. FORD, A higher education community into doing a acted a bill to permit school districts to volun­ FRIEND OF EDUCATION little bit different kind of thinking than tarily allow teachers hired prior to April 1, they have been doing," Ford explained in an 1986, to elect coverage by Medicare. interview. "Education policy for the last HON. HOWARD WOIPE decade has not been driven by sound edu­ The problem is that some public employ­ OF MICHIGAN ees-particularly those between the ages of cational considerations. It's been driven by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the budget process." 55 and 64-are unable to earn a sufficient Wednesday, February 6, 1991 Ford said the five-year budget agreement number of quarters to become Medicare eligi­ made last year "left some room for us for ex­ ble before reaching age 65. For example, a Mr. WOLPE. Mr. Speaker, I have had the pansion" of student aid, and he expects the teacher between the ages of 55 and 64 may honor and pleasure of serving in this Chamber Bush administration "will be easier to nego- 3436 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 tiate increases with than their prede­ ceiling" provision on women in the work­ We would appreciate your help in encour­ cessors." He declined to speculate on the place that will resemble a proposal by Sen. aging all people to join us in Operation amount of any increases. Robert J. Dole (R-Kan.). Ford aides said Desert Rainbow. The time is right for major changes in stu­ other "women's equity" provisions may be Sincerely, dent aid programs, he said, partly because included in the legislation, which Bush re­ JENNIFER POWELL, the administration appears interested in jected because he said it would create racial CLASS SECRETARY FOR OPERATION doing something that would seal President quotas. DESERT RAINBOW. Bush's reputation as "education president." He cited the "radical proposal" that ad­ ministration officials have floated for direct OPERATION DESERT RAINBOW CHAMPUS MENTAL HEALTH federal lending of Stafford loans, which RESTORATION ACT would make unnecessary the current role of banks, loan guarantee agencies and second­ HON. RUitER DERRICK ary markets such as Student Loan Market­ OF SOUTH CAROLINA HON. ALBERT G. BUSTAMANTE ing Association. The plan also might save an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF TEXAS estimated $1 billion in fees paid to banks and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES other private lenders. Wednesday, February 6,1991 Wednesday, February 6, 1991 Initially skeptical of the idea, Ford said he Mr. DERRICK. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to has grown to feel direct lending "might not introduce a program created by Jennifer Pow­ Mr. BUSTAMANTE. Mr. Speaker, as the be a bad idea, especially if it would pick us ell and her classmates at Pendleton Junior gulf war continues, all of us pray that the mili­ up a billion dollars a year to buy more edu­ High School of Pendleton, SC. These students tary men and women over in the Middle East cation" rather than to reduce the budget def­ serving our country will return home safely icit. began Operation Desert Rainbow as a means As open to new ideas as Ford describes of reaching out to the troops stationed in very soon. This is a time when we should do himself, there is one favored by some college Saudi Arabia. They recognize this program as everything possible to support our military men representatives that he did not mention in their way of contributing to the war effort by and women over in the gulf and their families. his speech and that he dismissed when asked mailing letters to the troops using colored sta­ These military families are under extraordinary his opinion "Absolutely outrageous," he said tionery and rainbow decals. These students stress during these difficult times. Moreover, of the idea of separate aid programs for pro­ recognize the rainbow as a symbol of hope the children of military families are the most prietary trade school students, who are re­ vulnerable, and we must do whatever we can sponsible for a disproportionate share of loan and peace after a storm and they feel it is an defaults. appropriate way to send letters. They urge to support these young children and their Ford grew passionate on this subject, call­ other junior high students to join Operation mothers and fathers left home anxiously wait­ ing himself a "blue-collar kid" who spent a Desert Rainbow. I offer my colleagues the op­ ing for their loved ones to return home. year of his youth in a Michigan automotive portunity to review Ms. Powell's letter and en­ With this in mind today, I am introducing, trade school before going to college and law courage them to share it with junior high stu­ with my dear colleague from Rhode Island, school with help from the GI Bill. As a House dents in their districts. Representative RON MACHTLEY, the member, he said, in the 1970s he helped make DEAR CONGRESSMAN DERRICK: Early this CHAMPUS Mental Health Restoration Act. more students at trade schools eligible for federal aid by deleting the requirement that fall when Operation Desert Shield began, This legislation is identical to legislation intro­ participating institutions be nonprofit. Mrs. Hicks's English Classes at Pendleton duced in the Senate by my good friends, Sen­ "A lot of people miss the brass ring the Junior High adopted an Army unit which is ator JOHN MCCAIN of Arizona and Senator first time around. They don't graduate from stationed in Saudi Arabia. We have sent let­ JOHN GLENN of Ohio. This bill would delay the high school," he says. "The existing high ters, cards, and packages to this unit and have received many interesting letters, implementation of mental health benefit reduc­ school is not adequate to get them a job, and tions enacted last year until 1 year after the trade schools do fill that void." cards, and souvenirs in return. With the onset of Operation Desert Storm, termination of the Persian Gulf conflict as He condemned as "ivory tower thinkers" specified by law or Presidential proclamation. those educators who have proposed separate we became anxious and we felt very helpless. trade school programs. "If we say that one We wanted to help in some way; to show our These mental health cuts, which I and Senator kind of student is more worthy than another, support for the troops and our hope for their McCAIN strongly opposed last year, are then we will have a federal policy of class quick safe return home. scheduled to become effective on February structure in post-secondary education that I The name. Desert Storm gave birth to our 15, 1991. This is not the time to reduce these am absolutely never going to support," he class project entitled Operation Desert Rain­ benefits. It would undercut the very support said. bow, since the rainbow is a symbol of hope and promise after a storm. The goddess Rain­ many of these families need during these trou­ One class fight that Ford would like to bled times. avoid is over how narrowly federal aid ought bow was also the mythological messenger. It to be targeted to the poor. Some researchers, is an appropriate symbol to carry our let­ Private psychiatric hospitals, residential notably Tom Mortenson of the American ters. treatment centers, and mental health practi­ College Testing program, have argued that This rainbow project is being demonstrated tioners are offering support to military families federal aid programs have done little to in­ through use of rainbow colored stationery, in various ways since the war began. The re­ crease the access of the poor to college be­ envelopes, stickers and decals on letters that sponse to these efforts has been overwhelm­ cause too much aid has gone to the lower we send to this unit. ing. Military families are in need of a whole middle class. We thought this was such a good idea that we hoped you would publicize this and help range of support services and the mental "I don't want to get into this game of play­ health community is responding. A group of ing the poor off the middle class," he said. spread this campaign throughout the coun­ "Helping poor people and helping working­ try. Imagine how impressive thousands of hospitals and residential treatment centers class people are not mutually exclusive. Hav­ rainbow colored letters would be as they have joined with the Department of Defense ing a program that will grow [means it) has moved through the mails to our troops in the and a nonprofit children's organization to pro­ to be as inclusive as possible, or you'll have Middle East. vide children of military parents with specially no support for it." Many schools have undertaken similar let­ tailored workbooks addressing the emotions Ford said he expects to begin hearings on ter-writing projects. We want to spread the associated with having a family member in­ word to these students and to private indi­ the Higher Education Act in May after an volved in the Middle East war. Other hospitals extensive review of proposals from education viduals who write letters to their family groups and the administration. members and loved ones involved in Oper­ are offering free support group services On two other issues that his committee ation Desert Storm. Help us spread the word: staffed by hospital volunteers. Physicians, psy­ will handle, Ford said: become a part of Operation Desert Rainbow. chologists, and other mental health practition­ Education vouchers of the kind Bush plans Send your letters on vividly colored paper ers are donating their time to local media to to propose sound "like a back-door tuition and envelopes. Send the Rainbow as a sym­ discuss topics such as how to talk to your tax credit attempt. . .. It's divisive. It's bol of hope and promise. Our hope is for the child about war. These practitioners are vol­ probably unconstitutional." More generally, health and well-being of our troops and for unteering their time to talk to various military Ford faulted open enrollment plans, which their safe return. The promise we send is a Bush promotes, as administratively unwork­ promise of support by our thoughts and pray­ groups about coping while their loved ones able and educationally worthless. ers and a promise to do all we can to keep are in the gulf. Twenty-four-hour hotlines are His version of the civil rights bill that things running smoothly at home until they also being offered. One such hotline is receiv­ Bush vetoed last year will include a "glass return. ing more than 200 calls every day. February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3437 The mental health community has reached LET THE LITHUANIAN PEOPLE On Saturday, the Lithuanian people will pub­ out to these military families. We, in Congress, VOTE licly reiterate their desire for independence. should do our part by acting now to assure They will go to the polls and choose their fu­ that the current mental health benefit remains HON. WIWAM 0. UPINSKI tures. Realistically, this election probably will in place. Only then can those military families OF ILLINOIS not force the Soviet Union to pull its occupying who are most in need of this type of care con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES army out or discontinue its campaign of re­ tinue to have full access to an appropriate and Wednesday, February 6, 1991 pression. However, in democratic nations throughout the world, the collective voice of adequate mental health benefit. I urge my col­ Mr. LIPINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the President of leagues to join me and Mr. MACHTLEY in sup­ the Lithuanian people shall be heard. Freely the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev is still elected government leaders cannot help notice porting this legislation. continuing his convincing imitation of a dic­ that the man who made glasnost a household tator. This one-man show would hardly be no­ word still continues to hold the door of Lithua­ ticed were it not for the millions of people held nian independence tightly shut. STUDENT LOANS MUST BE REPAID a captive audience. Throughout the 15 Soviet Republics, subjugated peoples, who simply desire the freedom to choose their own future THE VIETNAM ARMY-SECOND TO HON. CLYDE C. HOllOWAY paths, are being forced to bear the violent NONE brunt of an authoritarian regime desperately OF LOUISIANA clinging to power. The Baltic States, Soviet Ar­ HON. DON RfiTER IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES menia, Georgia, and others, though home to OF PENNSYLVANIA people with vastly different ethnic and cultural IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, February 6, 1991 backgrounds, have all expressed a strong de­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 sire to move toward self-determination and Mr. HOLLOWAY. Mr. Speaker, although no Mr. AlTIER. Mr. Speaker, Operation Desert one can be happy with a Federal budget independence. On Saturday, the Lithuanian people will defy Storm should help to renew our pride in our which is hundreds of billions of dollars in the veteran community, including our Vietnam vet­ red-and I am not-there are several meas­ Gorbachev and his henchmen once again when they hold a Republic-wide, nonbinding erans who bravely served their country in a ures contained in President Bush's proposal noble and just cause in South East Asia. which I am pleased to see. referendum to measure public opinion regard­ ing independence. The poll is expected to win Unfortunately, the war in Iraq has brought For one thing, the proposed budget ad­ overwhelming support among ethnic Lithua­ out voices who seek to use the gulf war as a dresses the question of what can be done nians as well as among the minority of Rus­ forum to once again unfairly and unjustly at­ tack and denigrate the veterans who coura­ about those who use federally guaranteed stu­ sian-speaking citizens. The question asked is geously fought for our Nation in Vietnam. dent loans to finance their college education, astonishingly simple in nature, but it is certain then fail to pay their loans back. I think those to have far-reaching and unforeseen implica­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to submit an arti­ who take advantage of Uncle Sam's generos­ tions. In a free election, the Lithuanian people cle by Richard Kolb that helps to set the record straight and give us a clear picture of ity in this way should be held accountable for will be asked whether they agree that Lithua­ America's Vietnam Army: Who our Vietnam what they do. Our Government, intentionally or nia should be an independent, democratic Re­ veterans were, and who they were not. otherwise, gives something for nothing too public. Although I will not be able to cast a often already. There is no reason why college vote on this issue, I would like to have my re­ I urge my colleagues to read "The Vietnam graduates shouldn't give something back. Stu­ sounding "yes" vote included in the final tally. Army-second to None." dent loans create opportunities which wouldn't For the last 40 years, the Soviet Union has [From the Wall Street Journal, Jan. 25, 1991] otherwise exist. continued to illegally occupy Estonia, Latvia, THE VIETNAM ARMY-SECOND TO NONE Those who seize those opportunities must and Lithuania. Although the Western nations (By Richard K. Kolb) also meet their moral and legal obligation to have never recognized this annexation, they Just when we thought the open season on give back what they have gotten. have never forced the Soviet Union to allow Vietnam veterans had ended, the pot-shots have begun again. As veterans of Vietnam we Mr. Speaker, those who willfully fail to repay the peoples of this region the fundamental right to choose their own fates. Even while all are all especially delighted to witness the their student loans should be required in some enthusiastic and sincere public support of­ way to pay. The President's proposal would the Communist governments of Eastern Eu­ fered U.S. troops now serving in Saudi Ara­ authorize wage garnishment of those who de­ rope have ceased to exist, the Soviet Union bia. Those who fill the ranks of combat fault on student loan repayments and would has tightened its stranglehold on the Baltics. units-especially the grunts-are to be con­ let State and Federal agencies trade informa­ In his most recent action, Gorbachev has is­ gratulated for their willingness to volunteer sued a decree to declare the referendum in­ for such hazardous duty. But is it necessary tion to locate them. What's more, the proposal valid and indicated he would attempt to block for the so-called experts to denigrate Viet­ would also require debtors to show hardship it. I will pray that on Saturday common sense nam veterans in analyzing today's military? before having their default forgiven through and discretion will prevail. Unfortunately, Mos­ The public is being bombarded by these ex­ bankruptcy. That is the way it should be. perts with the same tired message pushed by cow's actions over the preceding weeks have the anti-war movement during the Vietnam There should be an end to the gravy train. left little optimism for a peaceful outcome. Latest available figures are alarming. At the era: that the typical Vietnam serviceman I will also continue to offer my support to the was poor, unmotivated, a high school drop­ end of 1990, outstanding student loans under freely elected government of President out and overall, not a very admirable char­ the Government-guaranteed program totaled Vytautas Landsbergis. Since the January 2 acter, who had to be dragged, kicking and nearly $53 billion, roughly double the amount crackdown and subsequent killing of 14 peo­ screaming, all the .way to the draft center. in 1982. Gross default rates also increased, ple, President Landsbergis and his govern­ So, the Cleveland Plain Dealer referred on from about 12 percent in 1980 to 16 percent ment have been forced to lock themselves in­ Nov. 4 to "the high school dropouts and re­ last year. luctant draftees who were sent to Vietnam a side the Parliament building. Surrounded by generation ago." In a confessional piece in Mr. Speaker, this is unnecessary; this is a concrete barricades, Landsbergis and his leg­ Life magazine in October, a former draft disgrace; this needs to be addressed. It is islature have not been able to venture outside dodger absolved his conscience by dismissing high time those who have benefited from the for fear they will be arrested by the Moscow­ the Vietnam era military as "a fighting Government's goodwill pay the piper. I strong­ controlled police. force made up largely of minorities and the ly support the proposal to permit the Federal Mr. Speaker, on numerous occasions my poor ..." "Overall, today's voluntary force is far more representative of the middle class Government to obtain what it is owed. colleagues and I have called for measures that will convey a strong message to President than the draftees of the Vietnam War, who included many high school dropouts," pro­ Gorbachev regarding his use of force in Lith­ claimed U.S. News & World Report on Dec. uania. Just as Americans felt outraged at the 24. brutal occupation of Kuwait, so too do they de­ Talk of reviving the draft to make the plore the Soviet Union's most recent actions. m1litary truly representative of the entire 3438 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 population elicits such responses as: "An The question is, when will the country's known as Hobie to his friends, the Super­ Army drawn at random would have to in­ opinion-makers do the same? intendent of Independence National Historical clude misfits, making discipline and unit co­ (Mr. Kolb, who served with the 4th Infan­ Park in Philadelphia, has announced his retire­ hesion harder to achieve-which would cost try and 101st Airbone divisions in Vietman, American lives in combat," according to is editor of the Veterans of Foreign Wars ment. that same U.S. News article. A former magazine in Kansas City, MO.) Hobie Cawood became Superintendent in Reagan Pentagon official quipping that only 1971 and oversaw some of the most important "the dummies got put in the infantry ..." events in the history of the park, the Bicenten­ under the draft. THE SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT AND nial Celebration in 1976 and the 200th anni­ Observers of the army now in Saudi Arabia FLEXffiiLITY ACT versary of the Constitution. As a result of his compliment it by insulting the army sent to leadership and dedication, many of the impor­ Vietnam. The Associated Press noted on Dec. tant buildings of the park are being reopened. 13 that "the 'booze, broads and drugs' syn­ HON. WilliAM F. GOODUNG onymous with Vietnam" are absent from OF PENNSYLVANIA As the guardian of the most important sym­ Saudi Arabia. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bols of liberty in the country, Independence "[T]he draftees of Vietnam and their ha­ Hall and the Liberty Bell, Hobie Cawood un­ tred of the military establishment are long Wednesday, February 6, 1991 derstood the meaning of his job. In 1978, he gone," it added. Similarly, the Dec. 23 Wash­ Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, today, I am was forced to defend the issuing of a permit ington Post associated· "bellyaching malin­ introducing a bill, the School Improvement and to the American Nazi Party to hold a rally in gering, dissent and drug abuse" with the Flexibility Act, to improve the education of our the park. In the face of overwhelming public Vietnam soldier. "Vietnam," the Post con­ Nation's children. The bill increases the local pressure, he looked to the symbols all around tinued, "also was fought mostly by draftees, control over education decisions and creates amateurs ... some of them reluctant sol­ him and remained convinced of the rightness diers disgusted and demoralized by a war incentives for improving programs. Typically, of his decision. without end." Federal programs are concerned more with Mr. Cawood will be leaving Philadelphia in These invidious comparisions could be list­ fiscal accountability than with the educational April to become president of Old Salem, Inc., ed ad nauseam. But take a look at the facts: success of the students served under these where he will oversee the restored historic The servicemen in Vietnam were not reluc­ programs. This bill will change the standard by town of Old Salem, NC. Mr. Speaker, I want tant conscripts. Draftees constituted 25%- which we measure the success and, hence, to take this opportunity to thank Hobie 648,500-of the 2.6 million American service­ compliance with the program laws. The bill is Cawood for his hard work on behalf of the men who served in Vietnam. (By contrast, in three titles. people of this country and to wish him the 66% of U.S. forces in the Second World War were drafted.) Draftees accounted for 27%- Title I requires the Secretary of Education to best of luck in his new position. 15,404-of combat deaths in Vietnam. conduct a study of the State, local, and Fed­ They were not disproportionately eral regulatory requirements on local school nonwhite. Whites made up 88.4% of the forces districts and then to make recommendations SUPPORT FOR PTSD LEGISLATION in Vietnam. Whites accounted for 86.3% of on how best to simplify Federal or State regu­ the deaths in Vietnam. Blacks suffered 12.5% lations so that more resources can be used to HON. THOMAS J. RIDGE of the deaths in Vietnam at a time when improve student performance. OF PENNSLYVANIA blacks of military age were 13.5% of total Title II creates a program of educational population. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The soldiers in Vietnam were not drawn performance agreements for school restructur­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 ing. An educational performance agreement is from the poor: 76% of the troops came from Mr. RIDGE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ex­ lower middle or working class backgrounds.· a different form of regulation that allows maxi­ Nor were they ignorant. High school edu­ mum control over educational programs at the press my support for and join as an original cations or better has been attained by 79% of local level. Participating schools, in partnership cosponsor of legislation introduced by Con­ the men sent to Vietnam, making this the with the States and the Federal Government, gressman JIM JONTZ, the veterans PTSD best educated armed force fielded by Amer­ would be allowed the flexibility to write an Treatment and Psychological Readjustment ica up until that time. agreement, including a set of measuring cri­ Act. This legislation will address the problem They did not disgrace themselves during of post traumatic stress disorder or PTSD, a their service to their country. Honorable dis­ teria which would be reviewed annually against base year information, to pool the var­ problem affecting over 450,000 veterans charges were earned by 97% of Vietnam-era across the Nation. The large majority of these veterans. ious existing funding sources and educational They did not crack up when they returned techniques creating an educational program individuals have not received the care within home. Surveys show that 85% of Vietnam that best serves their students. These per­ the VA system which they so desperately veterans have made a successful transition formance agreements would be the basis for need. to civilian life. Admittedly, 15% have indeed determining progress and improvement. Many of us are all too familiar with Re­ experienced varying degrees of emotional Title Ill, building on the concept that is de­ search Triangle Institute study which found stress-but, by comparison, that's less than that approximately 480,000 veterans are cur­ half the rate of emotional stress suffered by veloped in title II, creates incentives for im­ proving local programs by relieving programs rently afflicted by PTSD, almost 15 percent of veterans of World War IT. According to a 1965 which are Vietnam-era veterans. It is a trag­ National Academy of Science study, fully that have shown improvement in their stu­ one-third of 1941-1945 veterans suffered some dents' achievement from fiscal regulatory bur­ edy that so many veterans are suffering with neurotic problems. dens. The title requires that program improve­ these symptoms. It is even more disheartening Nor do they feel any shame for what they ment become the standard for success and al­ to discover that approximately 10 percent are did in Vietnam. 91% of actual Vietnam War lows educational accountability be the meas­ receiving care at their VA medical centers and veterans and 90% of those who saw heavy ure for success. veterans outreach centers. combat tell pollsters that they are proud to These numbers cannot be solely attributed have served their country. Vietnam veterans I am hopeful that you will consider cospon­ soring these innovative ideas for better to the VA. Although the VA system is, in my constitute more than 25% of the membership opinion, not adequately delivering this care, of each of the big three veterans organiza­ schools. tions: the American Legion, the Disabled there are also a number of other factors con­ American Veterans and the Veterans of For­ tributing to veterans falling through the cracks. eign Wars. (The VFW has had two Vietnam TRffiUTE TO HOBART G. CAWOOD Lack of care also can be traced to the hesi­ vets as-commanders-in-chief, and a third will tancy in the veteran community to step for­ assume that position in 1991-1992.) HON. PETER H. KOSTMAYER ward and seek the care that they so des­ Simply put: The Vietnam War serviceman perately need. In turn, I believe that this is as­ OF PENNSYLVANIA was not some sort of societal scum dredged sociated with the negative way in which the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from the bottom of a barrel America sent problem of PTSD, and mental health in gen­ some of its finest to Vietnam. The American Wednesday, February 6, 1991 public has finally begun to acknowledge this eral, has been approached. It is time to recog­ fact: According to an April 1990 Gallup Poll, Mr. KOSTMAYER. Mr. Speaker, today I nize PTSD, not as a disorder, but as a normal 87% of the nation holds Vietnam veterans in would like to pay tribute to one of the National reaction human beings have to abnormal, high esteem. Park Services' finest. Mr. Hobart G. Cawood, traumatic experience. It is my sincere hope February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3439 that this legislation, and the attention it attracts But the catch is that accelerated debt repay­ term. Based upon that premise, our bill aims to this important issue, will help us to better ment would mean a 12-percent rate increase to tap the many potential benefits that can ac­ understand and recognize PTSD. Moreover, it for Northwest customers. Add to this a pro­ crue from implementing a . comprehensive, is my hope that it will facilitate treatment for posed BPA operating increase of up to 5 per­ multimaterial recycling program. the thousands of veterans unable to access cent, and you have a 17-percent increase for In short, comprehensive recycling offers at the VA system and those not able to step for­ some ratepayers. least three major benefits. First, it provides a ward to seek help. The people of the Pacific Northwest and the cost-effective waste management scheme for As we begin the 102d Congress, it is a time BPA are facing the same recession as the rest State and local communities. Second, it helps for reflection and progress. As a legislative of the country. Timber communities in my dis­ to achieve a high rate of energy conservation, body seeking to fulfill our commitment to our trict have already been especially hard-hit by up to 95 percent in the case of recycling alu­ Nation's veterans, we must look behind to the Federal policy through reductions of timber minum cans versus making new aluminum individuals of past conflicts to see that the harvests in national forests. In addition, the cans from newly mined ore). Government is properly fulfilling its commit­ Northest is facing the considerable financial Third, it ensures a significant measure of re­ ment to provide care and services. In addition, burden of protecting our fisheries and turning source conservation as materials are reused we must look forward to put in place preven­ to more costly sources to meet the rapidly ex­ repeatedly, thus decreasing our reliance on tive measures which we trust will prepare fu­ panding power requirements of the region. In­ the development and exhaustion of our natural ture generations for the consequences of con­ creasing the cost of power will not solve these resources and virgin materials. flict. I believe that this legislation takes several problems; it will only add to them. In order to combat the problems we face by steps in that direction. having fewer and fewer landfills handling an During the 101 st Congress, many of my col­ every-increasing supply of garbage, our bill leagues and I saw the need for PTSD legisla­ VOLUME AND WEIGHT OF states that within 2 years after enactment of tion but we were unsuccessful in our efforts to MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE this act, each State shall develop and imple­ approve related legislation. As we begin this ment a program that provides 20 percent of its new session, the need could not be more real. HON. JAMFS ~ HAYFS residents with an opportunity to participate and From across the country, we are hearing simi­ OF LOUISIANA engage in recycling. For each succeeding 2- lar stories of veterans experiencing symptoms IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES year period the program shall be further ex­ of PTSD, some for the first time and others Wednesday, February 6, 1991 panded to offer an additional 20 percent of the that have suffered in the past. Our health care population the opportunity to participate. professionals in the field tell us that much of Mr. HAYES of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker, since In order to help achieve these goals, the bill this has been triggered by events in the Per­ 1960, the sheer volume and weight of munici­ provides for a grant program to be adminis­ sian Gulf. pal solid waste [MSW] generated in America tered by the EPA that can be allocated to Our task is now twofold. We must not only has grown at a rapid and concerning rate. Un­ States with such comprehensive, multimaterial deal with the veterans affected by the traumas fortunately, our programs to manage and re­ plans. These funds can be used for: improved of past conflicts, but we must also address duce the generation of these wastes have not collection, transportation, and separation sys­ personnel who are now bravely serving in the kept pace. Consequently, Congressman BILLY tems; improved community educational pro­ Persian Gulf. While we do not know what TAUZIN and I are introducing a bill today which grams on recycling; enhancing markets for the number of personnel will return with symptoms will finally provide incentives and assistance use of recycled materials; or the creation of of PTSD, we suspect that these numbers will for our communities to implement recycling recycling facilities. In any case, each State will be significant. programs that will effectively combat this prob­ have the ability to identify their own weakest The time to address this problem has cer­ lem. links in the recycling chain and be able to tar­ tainly arrived. Over the past 20 years, the United States get resources to that area. And so today, I join with several of my col­ has managed to add 100 million tons of MSW It is our intention to include this bill as part leagues on the House Veterans' Affairs Com­ to its waste stream each and every day. How­ of the debate on RCRA when it is reauthor­ mittee in introducing the Veterans PTSD ever, of the 14,000 landfills that were open to ized during the 102d Congress and believe Treatment and Psychological Readjustment receive MSW in 1980 fewer than 2,800 will be that comprehensive, multimaterial recycling is Act of 1991. Having already resolved many open in 1995. That translates to only 20 per­ not only a cost effective way to provide waste long-standing veterans issues in the first days cent of the Nation's original landfills handling management for our local communities, but of this session, I trust that priority will now be 100 percent more garbage. Clearly, this is a makes sense for the management of our natu­ given to this issue. I pledge my support for situation that cannot continue. ral resources and the conservation of our en­ this legislation, and trust that this issue will re­ In order to remedy this situation and to re­ ergy. ceive the full support of the House of Rep­ duce this Nation's dependence upon landfills, resentatives in the 102d Congress. our bill supports the Environmental Protection Agency's earlier attempt to target reducing THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF ARAB­ THE PRESIDENT'S DEBT REPAY­ MSW by 25 percent before 1995 by providing AMERICANS MENT PROPOSAL FOR POWER an incentive for State and local communities MARKETING ADMINISTRATIONS to develop and implement comprehensive re­ HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR cycling programs. Our legislation also recog­ OF OHIO nizes that States must be able to develop indi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. JOLENE UNSOELD vidualized, comprehensive, multi-material recy­ OF WASHINGTON cling plans that reflect each region's specific Wednesday, February 6, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES conditions so that we do not apply Louisiana Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, recently an arti­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 solutions to New Jersey's problems and vice cle written by an excellent scholar and writer, Mrs. UNSOELD. Mr. Speaker, I rise to ob­ versa. Joanne McKenna, appeared in the Plain Deal­ ject to yet another administration ploy to re­ This distinction is important to remember. er. It was written as an essay in reaction to structure the debt of the Bonneville Power Ad­ While I believe that each of us here supports the blatant harassment that some people of ministration and other power marketing agen­ an increased reliance upon recycling to man­ Middle Eastern ancestry are experiencing in cies. Those of us in the Northwest have heard age our municipal waste stream, I want to this country. The article says it all. I commend the White House play this tune before. This take this opportunity to explain why I believe my colleagues to the following: time, the so-called budget experts are trum­ that we need incentives for comprehensive, [FROM THE CLEVELAND PLAIN DEALER, JAN. peting a new proposal that would raise the in­ multimaterial recycling programs. 31, 1991] terest rates on outstanding debt. What it really With the public increasingly expressing an IF THEY PENNED UP ARAB-AMERICANS does is increase the rate at which money attitude of "not-in-my backyard" with regards (By Joanne E. McKenna) flows out of consumers' wallets. to the siting of incineration and landfill facili­ I spoke recently with a Greater Cleve­ We are told this reform would add more ties, recycling is clearly the best public policy lander who is an American citizen of Iraqi than $2 billion to the Treasury within 5 years. option for managing our MSW for the long- birth. She has sisters and brothers in Bagh- 3440 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 dad, as well as nieces, nephews and other rel­ For security in the interment camps, we We could enhance our fashion sense via the atives. She is unable to phone them. The Red Arab-Americans could consider Maj. Gen. talents of Joseph Abboud, men's wear de­ Cross can offer no help in checking on their Walter Safi, who fought beside Gen. George signer of 1990 as named by the Council of status. Patton, and Brig. Gen. Elias Stevens, who American Fashion Designers. Each day, like the rest of us, she watches was on Gen. Dwight Eisenhower's staff in After pausing for a prayer in memory of TV as our allied troops bomb the city of her World War IT. In the Korean War, America's Christa McAuliffe, the teacher/astronaut birth and the place where her family lives. first jet ace was Col. James Jabara. who died aboard the "Challenger," we Arab­ President Bush tells her that "Saddam is the We would call on more contemporary Arab­ Americans might then decide to file suit for enemy, not the people of Iraq." American military, but they are busy fight­ reparations over the internment. She is frantic about the status of her fam­ ing as members of the U.S. armed forces in The head of our legal staff· might well be ily who are, according to media reports, the gulf. Perhaps they can be furloughed to Joseph D. Jamail, who won a record $1 bil­ without electricity, water, telephones, fuel, the interment camps. lion judgment for Texaco. medicine and food. She prays for them and If we need a negotiator, we will have spe­ As I said, I am, proudly, an Arab American. cries a lot. cial presidential envoy Phillip C. Habib. To Three days into the war, another Greater ensure that we do not make ignorant blun­ Clevelander told her that Arab-Americans ders there would be former Chief of Protocol DADE COUNTY TEACHER OF THE should be rounded up and put in internment Selwa Roosevelt. YEAR AWARD-VELDA FARMS camps for the safety of the American people. Danny Thomas, founder of St. Jude Chil­ GOLDEN APPLE AWARD I heard that sentiment expressed on two dren's Research Hospital, consumer advocate talk shows during the first week of the war Ralph Nader, and Candy Lightner, founder of in the gulf. Callers said Arab-Americans Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN should be interned for the duration of Desert would inspire our social consciousness. Pio­ OF FLORIDA Storm. neer heart surgeon Michael DeBakey could IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A friend reported hearing three women take charge of our health needs, assisted by Wednesday, February 6,1991 talking at a local bank. They insisted that at least. 40 Greater Cleveland physicians of Arab-Americans should be put into con­ Arabic descent. Ms. R08-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise centration camps because "they might try to Helen Thomas of United Press Inter­ today to recognize the annual Dade County poison our water supply." national could be our historian. For inspira­ Teacher of the Year Award Program. Although I have friends in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. tion we could read the poetry of Khalil all our teachers are outstanding, the Golden Some are U.S. citizens. Others are Saudi Gibran or pass the time with a novel by Wil­ Apple Award brings will deserved credit to Arabian citizens. I watch Patriots intercept liam Peter Blatty ("The Exorcist") or a play by Fred Saidy ("Finian's Rainbow," "Bloom­ some of the best teachers in Dade County, if Scuds with intense personal concern for the not in the country. Part of a national project, safety of people I hold dear. A citizen of er Girl"). Entertainment would be provided by Paula this program awards $6,000 to the winner, Saudi Arabia phoned to check on my safety to the runner-up, and to the because he heard media reports that Arab­ Abdul, Paul Anka, Jamie Ferr, F. Murray $2,000 $1,000 Americans are being harassed and threat­ Abraham, Marlo Thomas, Tiffany, Michael other five district finalists. In addition, the ened in Cleveland. Ansara, Tige Andrews, Khrystyne Haje, school which nominates the district teacher of The FBI has contacted Arab-Americans Danny Thomas, Casey Kasem, Don Bustany the year will receive a $2,000 award. All of throughout the country asking, among other and Cleveland's own Larry Morrow. Danny these generous awards are made possible by Thomas and Casey Kasem received the 1990 questions, if they know of any potential ter­ Ellis Island Medal of Honor. Velda Farms Dairies, a corporate cosponsor of rorist activity and if they know anybody Programs could be produced by Emmy and the event. who wants to blow up a federal building. Oscar winner Tony Thomas or "Halloween" The ceremony will take place on Tuesday, These interviews unfairly stereotype Arab­ producer Moustapha Akkad. For directors we March at a.m. Since the Gold­ Americans who, like everybody else, have 5, 1991, 11 :45 would have Assad Kelada and John Bowab en Apple Awards began, the teacher of the the right to be accepted and treated as indi­ ("Who's the Boss," "Facts of Life," "Full viduals. The presumption of guilt by ethnic year ceremony has tripled in size from 450 in House," "WKRP"). We could watch reruns of 1984 to 1,300 in 1990. Our community truly association is insidious and evil. Arab-Amer­ "Alice" featuring the late Vic Tayback, lis­ icans do not have innate knowledge of ter­ ten to an aria by Rosalind Elias or watch a enjoys an affair honoring such deserving indi­ rorism by virtue of their ethnicity. ballet by Dennis Nahat. viduals. Mr. Perry Branyon, general manager There are about 3 million American citi­ Lest we become couch potatoes, we could of Velda Farms Inc., said last year, "It has im­ zens of Arabic-speaking origin. About 30,000 toss a ball or two with NFL Hall of Fame proved the image of teachers in the mind of of us live in Greater Cleveland. linebacker Bill George, Reisman Trophy win­ the public, and in the minds of other teach­ Many of us have taken the "melting pot" ner Doug Flutie, Syracuse University bas­ concept almost too literally and have blend­ ers." I must say I agree. ketball star Ron Seikaly, Indianapolis Colt's To more effectively express the care and ed into the American mainstream. I, for in­ quarterback Jeff George, the Oakland A's stance, am a third generation American citi­ Ron Hassey, Joe Lehoud of the Red Sox, love of teaching conveyed by our finalists, our zen of Lebanese and Slovak descent. I don't Braves, Angels and Rangers, or UCLA bas­ local ABC affiliate and corporate cosponsor, speak, read or write Arabic but I am, proudly ketball coach Jim Harrick. WPLG Channel 10, will prepare a series of an Arab-American. I have no knowledge of We could talk cars with Indy 500 winner videos. As the entire assembly of an expected potential terrorist activity and do not know and National Race Car Champion Bobby 1 ,300 gazes upon the large TV screens in the anybody who wants to blow up a federal Rahal, talk boxing with the world feather­ ballroom of the Omni International Hotel in building. weight champ of 1936-37, Petey Sarron, or Miami, FL, classroom excerpts of the finalists I've been thinking a lot about that Arab­ play chess with the 1986--87 U.S. national American internment camp to which some of chess champion, Yasser Seirawan. in action will be displayed. The rest of the my fellow Americans wish to consign me. If we wanted to talk business, there would south Florida community will be able to enjoy White House Chief of Staff John Sununu be Nick Shammas, the world's largest retail the videos as well, as each will be shown dur­ would be there, as would Senate Majority auto dealer; Mario Kassar, chairman of ing consecutive episodes of the local evening Leader George Mitchell. They could discuss Carolco Pictures ("Rambo"); former Pan news. My congratulations go out to all the the legality of our internment with former American Airlines CEO Najeeb Halaby; the 1990-91 district teacher of the year finalists: Sens. James Abourezk and James Abdnor of president of Paramount Pictures Domestic Laurie Foster of Miami Carol City Senior High, South Dakota, Reps. Nick Joe Rahall of TV, Lucie Salhany; J.M. Haggar (slacks); the West Virginia and Mary Rose Oakar of Ohio, Farah brothers (slacks); the Maloof brothers Jack Nadal of Thomas Jefferson Middle and former Reps. George Kasem of California ("Mod-O-Day dresses); Ray Irani, chemist, School, Althea Sample of Miami Northwestern and Abraham Kazen of Texas. inventor and president of Occidental Petro­ Senior High, Cathy Powers of Little River Ele­ Additional input would come from the at­ leum, and Fred Saigh, former owner of the mentary School, Andrea Ganji Busher of torney general of Kansas, Robert Stephan, St. Louis Cardinals. (The late Joe Robbie South Miami Elementary School, Marilyn the treasurer of Rhode Island, Anthony owned the Miami Dolphins.) Carver of Pine Lake Elementary School, and Soloman, the Secretary of state of Texas, For education, we would seek the advice of Susan McMillian of Hope Center School. George Bayoud, and the former governor of Donna Shalala, the Greater Clevelander who I would like to take this opportunity to ac­ Oregon, Victor Attiyeh. They could also dis­ is chancellor of the University of Wisconsin, cuss their thoughts with the majority leader and David Adamany, president of Wayne knowledge the wonderful people who make of the Tennessee legislature, James Naifeh, State University. Fuad Suleiman is former this inspiring occasion a reality. The members and the mayors and former mayors of several vice president of Ohio's Central State Uni­ of the joint Dade County Public School dozen U.S. cities. versity. [DCPS] United Teachers of Dade [UTD] teach- February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3441 er of the year task force include: Ms. Carol Union. They have much to lose as an increas­ will create a new transitional formula, an ap­ Iglesias, UTD cochair; Bea Addison, Robert ingly authoritarian regime takes over. The con­ proach favored by the 1988 GAO report on Borsong, Ms. Bettye Douglas, Ms. Annette servative elements who are now gaining notch reform; Katz, Ms. Carol Renick, DCPS cochair; Dr. power are the ones who have been respon­ Second, cap the maximum creditable earn­ Richard Artrneier, Ms. Bertha Pitt, Daniel sible for the greatest repression against Jews ings used to calculate the new benefits at Tosado, Dr. Kenneth Walker, and David Wind, in the past. Now, more than ever, it is critical $29,700. Earnings in years after a person Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce rep­ for all those Jews who wish to leave the So­ reached 65 years of age will not be used to resentative. The Greater Miami Chamber of viet Union be permitted to do so. I ask my col­ compute new benefits; Commerce Education Task Force Committee leagues for their support in urging the Soviet Third, create a 10-year transition benefit for­ members are: John E. Forta, vice chairperson, Government to release him immediately. mula for persons born in the years 1917 education leadership-Miami; Seth Gordon through 1926; and David R. Wind, cochairpersons, education Fourth, eliminate retroactive payment of group committees; Perry Branyon and Peggy H.R. 917-A CONSENSUS BILL TO benefits prior to initial entitlement; and Hurst, cochairpersons, recognition committee. END NOTCH DISCRIMINATION IN Fifth, estimate the cost to be approximately SOCIAL SECURITY less than $5 billion a year during the first 4 years of enactment and even less thereafter. THE CASE OF REFUSENIK LEONID HON. EDWARD R. ROYBAL Under this formula, a beneficiary born dur­ KOSHAROVSKY OF CALIFORNIA ing the notch years will receive higher benefits IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES than under the current law, while not affecting HON. HARRY A. JOHNSTON D Wednesday, February 6, 1991 those individuals born after 1926. OF FLORIDA My committee has studied this issue for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Speaker, as chairman of over 6 years. The committee's hearings in­ the House Select Committee on Aging, I am Wednesday, February 6, 1991 clude an extensive record on the effect of the today introducing, along with 137 of my col­ notch on individuals. Unfortunately some of Mr. JOHNSTON of Florida. Mr. Speaker, leagues, a consensus bill to resolve the Social my colleagues believe that more studies are Soviet Jews continue to strive for basic human Security notch problem. I wish to commend needed, I urge them to review these hearings rights, among them the right to practice their the members of my committee, Messrs. RIN­ and legislative analysis that are available. own religion and language, and the right to ALDO, FORD, and SAXTON, as well as Messrs. There are others who believe that there is a leave a country that has traditionally denied GRANDY, ANNUNZIO, QUILLEN, and MACHTLEY need to cut benefits or raise taxes to pay for them these rights. The latter is an internation­ for their continued support of my notch reform notch reform. The Social Security trust funds ally recognized human right upheld by the Hel­ legislation. are in excellent financial shape, with large an­ sinki Final Act. The Soviet Union is a party to This consensus bill combines many of the nual surpluses projected over the next few this agreement as well as many other inter­ best characteristics of the major bills intro­ decades. Certainly some of these reserves national agreements which restate this basic duced during the last Congress. It is the best could be used to correct this inequity without human right. balance of benefits equity, technical com­ damaging the long term financial solvency of It must also be said that the Soviet Union petence, and fiscal responsibility yet devised. Social Security. has made significant progress recently in I am convinced that the enactment of this bill Mr. Speaker, let me close by stating that ob­ these areas. Just a few a months ago, the Su­ will end, once and for all, the long and frustrat­ viously this blatant inequity should not exist. preme Soviet passed a new law permitting ing debate on this issue. Such arbitrary discrepancies in benefit levels freedom of religious expression, a welcome The 1977 Social Security amendments were are unfair and undermine the confidence in break with the Soviets' past history of intoler­ designed to rectify the problems of the the Social Security system. H.R. 917 solves ance. And as we all know, record numbers of overindexed 1972 benefit formula. Congress' the problem responsibly and fairly. I urge my the Soviet Jews were permitted to emigrate in intention was to phase in reductions to all indi­ colleagues to weigh not only the cost of cor­ the last 2 years. viduals retiring after 1978 over a period of recting this disparity, but also the costs associ­ These facts make the case of Leonid years. Unfortunately, the legislation which ated with not addressing this issue, including Kosharovsky all the more difficult to under­ passed included a 5-year phasein to the new the loss of public confidence in the Social Se­ stand. Leonid has been refused permission to benefit formula. This transition did not antici­ curity system and the problems associated leave the Soviet Union due to receiving a sec­ pate the double-digit inflation of the late with reduced benefits received by individuals ond degree secrecy classification as part of 1970's and early 1980's. More importantly the who are already, among the most economi­ his employment as a radio-electronic engineer. transition formula ignored the post-age-61 cally vulnerable of our citizens. He worked in this capacity from 1965 to 1980 earnings of individuals in calculating benefits. H.R. 917 in a plant called Kalinin. In 1980-82, Leonid Instead of the transition which was intended was employed as the head of a technical divi­ to reduce benefits over a 5-year period by 6 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ resentatives of the United States of America in sion for repairing refrigerators. In 1982, he to 10 percent, it reduced benefits by 10 per­ Congress assembled, was appointed as the chief engineer of a cent for those born in 1917, the first year of SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. project which specifically worked on systems the notch. And in subsequent years discrep­ This Act may be cited as the "Social Secu­ of automatic control. ancies of up to 20 percent were noted. I do rity Notch Adjustment Act of 1991". In February 1990, Leonid's wife Galina, their not believe that it was the intent of Congress SEC. 2. EXPANSION OF PERIOD OF TRANSITION; two daughters and each of their mothers ap­ to cut so drastically the benefits over such a NEW ALTERNATIVE FORMULA WITH plied for exit visas to Israel. In April 1990, the short period of time. RESPECT TO SUCH PERIOD. Kosharovsky family received permission to My goal has always been to press for a re­ (a) ExPANSION OF PERIOD OF TRANSITION.­ leave the U.S.S.R. with the exception of Leo­ sponsible solution to the notch problem. Such Section 215(a)(4)(B)(i) of the Social Security nid, who instead received a refusal. The rea­ a solution should restore faith in the system Act (42 U.S.C. 415(a)(4)(B)(i)) is amended by striking "1984" and inserting "1989". son given for the refusal was access to se­ for those notch beneficiaries and provide max­ (b) ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW TRANSITIONAL crecy based on a position he had left more imum protection to current and future bene­ FORMULA.-Section 215(a) of such Act (42 than 10 years ago. ficiaries. U.S.C. 415(a)) is amended by adding at the On July 3, 1990, Galina Kosharovsky and Technical corrections have been made to end the following new paragraph: her family left the Soviet Union for Israel. Leo­ my notch legislation which will substantially re­ "(8)(A) Paragraphs (1) (except for subpara­ nid remained alone in Sverdlovsk. As recently duce the cost while still providing equity to graph (C)(i) thereof) and (4) do not apply to as January 1, 1991 , the Commission of Citi­ those individuals born during the years 1917 the computation or recomputation of a pri­ zenship of the Supreme Soviet informed him and 1921. This legislation, which I'm introduc­ mary insurance amount for an individual who had wages or self-employment income that he was refused again, on the same basis, ing today as H.R. 917, will essentially: credited for one or more years prior to 1979, and could not reapply until 1992. First, add a declining percentage of the dif­ and who was not eligible for an old-age or Recent events in the Baltic States do not ference between the old flawed 1972 formula disability insurance benefit, and did not die, bode well for those Jews still left in the Soviet and the 1977 law's permanent formula. This prior to January 1979, if in the year for which 3442 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 the computation or recomputation would be tion paid in (and taxable years beginning in) Mr. Speaker, the Small Business Sub­ made the individual's primary insurance any calendar year after 1981 shall be deemed committee on Regulation, Business Opportuni­ amount would be greater if computed or re­ to be $29,700.". ties and Energy, which I chair, held a hearing computed under subparagraph (B). (d) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.-Section on this matter last November. We heard from "(B) The primary insurance amount com­ 215(a)(3)(A) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 415(a)(3)(A)) puted or recomputed under this subpara­ is amended in the matter following clause persons suffering from cancer and Cushing's graph is equal to the sum of the amount (iii) by striking "(4)" and inserting "(4) or syndrome. In some cases, this drug was help­ which would be computed under this sub­ (8)". ing them-even curing them. section if this paragraph were not applied, SEC. 3. EFFECTIVE DATE AND RELATED RULES. We also heard testimony from FDA wit­ plus the product (not less than zero) derived (a) IN GENERAL.-Except as provided in nesses. Their arguments for imposing this by multiplying- subsection (c), the amendments made by this alert, which virtually directs search of travel­ "(!) the excess of the adjusted old-law ben­ Act shall be effective as if included in the ers, as well as mail, were hollow to say the efit amount over the new-law benefit amendments made by section 201 of the So­ least. amount, by cial Security Amendments of 1977. The alert on RU 486 directs FDA and Cus­ "(iii) the applicable reduction factor. (b) RECOMPUTATION.-ln any case in Which toms officials to seize personal quantities of "(C) For purposes of this paragraph, in the an individual (under title II of the Social Se­ case of any individual described in subpara­ curity Act) is entitled, for the month in this drug at the border. Why? Because the graph (A)- which this Act is enacted, to monthly insur­ drug's primary use in France is to induce "(1) The term 'adjusted old-law benefit ance benefits under such title which were abortion. The FDA concluded that without phy­ amount' means the amount computed or re­ computed- sician supervision this drug is dangerous. computed under this subsection as in effect (1) under section 215 of the Social Security While the agency's concern about the public in December 1978 (for purposes of old-age in­ Act as in effect (by reason of the Social Se­ health is laudable, it's action fails the good surance benefits in the case of an individual curity Amendments of 1977) after December policy test in several respects: who becomes eligible for such benefits prior 1978, or to 1989) or subsection (d) (in the case of an (2) under section 215 of such Act as in ef­ First, according to the FDA's own records individual to whom such subsection applies), fect prior to January 1979 (and subsequently there is absolutely no evidence that this drug subject to the amendments made by section amended and modified) by reason of sub­ has been surreptitiously imported into this 5117 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation section (1)(4)(B) of such section (as amended country. In fact, the FDA RU 486 files are de­ Act of 1990. by the Social Security Amendments of 1977), void of letters, telephone logs, or other records "(11) The term 'new-law benefit amount' the Secretary of Health and Human Services of communications indicating that FDA or Cus­ means the amount which would be computed (nothwithstanding section 215(f)(l)) of the toms Service field offices are even concerned under this subsection if this paragraph were Social Security Act) shall recompute such of potential surreptitious importations. not applied. individual's primary insurance amount so as "(111)(1) The term 'applicable reduction fac­ Second, there is no indication that there is to take into account the amendments made a black market for this drug, or that one is tor' means the excess of the applicable base by this section. percentage determined under subclause (II) (c) PROSPECTIVE APPLICABILITY.-The likely to develop. The RU 486 manufacturer over the applicable early retirement percent­ amendments made by this Act shall apply distributes this product in Europe only under age determined under subclause (III). only with respect to benefits for months the most restrictive of circumstances. Obtain­ "(II) The applicable base percentage deter­ after November 1991. ing RU 486 is not like going into a drug store mined under this subclause is the percentage and buying a bottle of aspirin. provided in the following table: Third, this drug has a strong safety record, "If the 1nd1v1dual be- The a.ppl1ca.ble base per- SUPPORT FAIR REGULATION OF . comes el1g1ble for centa.ge is: with few instances of adverse side effects and old-age insurance POTENTIALLY LIFE-SAVING, no known fatalities. benefits in: NEW PHARMACEUTICALS The American Law Division of the Congres­ 1979 ...... 40 percent sional Research Service gave us the speci­ 1980 ...... 37 percent 1981 ...... 34 percent HON. RON WYDEN fications of the FDA's authority to impose an 1982 ...... 31 percent OF OREGON import alert-which I might add is a very un­ 1983 ...... 25 percent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES usual action. At the current time there are only 1984 ...... 20 percent Wednesday, February 6, 1991 58 active import alerts, despite the fact that 1985 ...... 15 percent there are thousands of unapproved foreign 1986 ...... 10 percent Mr. WYDEN. Mr. Speaker, I call on my col­ 1987 ...... 5 percent drugs. 1988 ...... 5 percent. leagues to join me in supporting legislation Jean J. Grimmett, a Division attorney, tells "(III) The applicable early retirement per­ which returns Food and Drug Administration us that: centage determined under this subclause is decisionmaking to the arena of good science Whenever an FDA center receives informa­ the product derived by multiplying 5/12 of 1 rather than opportunistic politics. tion concerning problems with a particular percent by the total number of months, be­ This measure which I introduce today-the product or class of products offered for im­ fore the month in which the individual at­ RU 486 Regulatory Fairness Act of 1991- portation, the agency issues an Import Alert tains the age of 65, for which an old-age in­ also eliminates a roadblock to critically needed bulletin to district office investigators and surance benefit is payable to such individ­ medical research in this country. compliance officers. ual.". (c) APPLICABILITY OF OLD PROVISIONS.­ It rescinds a Food and Drug Administration The FDA has been spectacularly unsuc­ Section 215(a)(5) of such Act (42 U.S.C. import alert against the French drug, RU 486. cessful in making this fundamental case for 415(a)(5)) is amended- This pharmaceutical may be a breakthrough their RU 486 action. (!) in subparagraph (A), by striking "sub­ drug with potential therapeutic value in a wide While the FDA files are more notable for ject to subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), and (E)," range of diseases. what they lack than what they contain, sub­ and inserting "subject to subparagraphs (B), Strong evidence shows that the import alert committee staff did find numerous letters from (C), (D), (E), and (F),"; and had chilled essential medical research in this antiabortion groups and their supporters in (2) by adding at the end the following new country which relies on small quantities of the subparagraph: Congress demanding the imposition of this "(F) In applying this section as in effect in drug supplied freely by the drug's manufac­ alert. Some even suggest that RU 486 be December 1978 as provided in subparagraph turer. Since the alert was issued in June 1989, barred from this country for any purpose in­ (A) in the case of an individual to whom the company has declined to make available cluding nonabortion related medical re­ paragraph (1) does not apply by reason of further, experimental quantities of this impor­ search-a step that the FDA and the Bush ad­ paragraph (8)- tant though unapproved new drug to U.S. re­ ministration thankfully has not yet taken. "(i) subsection (b)(2)(C) shall be deemed to searchers. The import alert is bad enough. Let me provide that an individual's 'computation As a result, scientific research which could quote from the hearing testimony of Dr. Myron base years' may include only calendar years lead to unique therapies for diseases ranging in the period after 1950 (or 1936 if applicable) Allukian, Jr., immediate past president of the and ending with the calendar year in which from breast and brain cancer, to Cushing's American Public Health Association: such individual attains age 65; and syndrome-a debilitating, painful and some­ This (the import alert) is a good example "(ii) the 'contribution and benefit base' times deadly autoimmune dysfunction-is dry­ of a bureaucratic barrier that is not in the (under section 230) with respect to remunera- ing up all over this country. best interest of the American people. It has February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3443 a negative effect on cost, quality and access human being, regardless of the cir­ be ignored. His statement cannot be enlarged to health care. cumstances. So perhaps I have no right to to include the subject of war. Therefore, on The FDA's import alert sends the wrong speak about war. However, I do have the the basis of our supreme authority, the message to researchers, academia, health right-no, the obligation-to speak about the Bible, pacifism is not a response the Chris­ professionals and the public. This will only Christ who transcends our human wars. tian can make. hurt investigating the potential of RU 486. In the little town of Neuve Chapelle in Then there are those who try to make war It's time to send the medical research and France, there stands an ancient shrine built into something noble and holy. There are to the honor of the Crucified Christ. During those who claim that war is a crusade you pharmaceutical industry the right message. the First World War, the battle lines were enter in obedience to God and you declare Drugs submitted for approval in this country drawn in such a way that the shrine was left that you are going to kill and to maim in should get a fair and depoliticized hearing at in the midst of "no man's land", that strip of God's holy name. My friends, that is blas­ the FDA. And those who serve as our watch­ land between the opposing fronts. It be­ phemy. No war is holy. No war is decent. No dogs for drug safety and effectiveness should longed to neither side. The battle raged war is good. War is contrary to the very prin­ not create unnecessary barriers to import around that shrine. When at long last the ciples of love upon which God founded His medical research. fighting stopped, the people discovered that universe. War is evil. There have been those, Our bill does no more, nor less, for RU 486. much of the shrine had been destroyed. How­ and there are now those, who enter into the ever, the figure of Christ on the cross was evil of war in order to defend human beings still there. The Christ was mutilated. Shell against some even more monstrous evil. And splinters and bullets had torn gaping holes in we honor them, yes, but let us never, ever INTRODUCTION OF THE SOLAR, the figure's head and face. The right leg of honor war. We dare not ever call it holy. WIND, WASTE, AND GEO­ the figure was gone completely; the left was That is an affront to God. So that is not a re­ THERMAL POWER PRODUCTION blown off at the knee. But still Christ re­ sponse a Christian can make. INCENTIVES TECHNICAL AMEND­ mained. Think of it. That figure of the cru­ But there is a third response. The Chris­ MENTS ACT OF 1991 cified Christ had stood in the midst of "no tian can declare with Augustine that war, man's land" for the greater part of the war, under certain. circumstances, can be just. and yet all of the exploding shells and sear­ The Christian can declare that war is a hid­ HON. PHIUP R. SHARP ing bullets had not destroyed it. The shrine eously evil thing, and therefore it can be en­ OF INDIANA at Neuve Chapelle stands to this day as a tered only when there is no other alter­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vivid reminder that even the horrors of war native. The Christian can face up to the fact Wednesday, February 6, 1991 cannot destroy the Christ. And it is within that there are times in life when war may be that picture that I wish to frame my re­ the least evil course open to us. You see, we Mr. SHARP. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ marks today. are living in a world which is twisted and ducing the Solar, Wind, Waste, and Geo­ First, let me wrestle with our Christian re­ stained and perverted by human sinfulness. thermal Power Production Incentives Tech­ sponse to war. Because that is true, sometimes war is the nical Amendments Act of 1991 with my col­ There are those who suggest that the only way to control the evil in the world. league Mr. MOORHEAD of California. Christian response ought to be pacifism. But Vermont Royster rightly points out that This act corrects a drafting error contained pacifism as a moral philosophy is irrespon­ non-violence works to bring peace and jus­ sible and self-centered. John Donne's dictum, tice only when there is a conscience in those in last year's Public Law 101-575. It is my "no man is an island," underscores that irre­ to whom these peaceful voices are addressed. hope and expectation that this corrective legis­ sponsibility. No one can ever choose to be So many times, in recent days, I have heard lation will be speedily enacted. separated from the conflict in the world. those critical of our military efforts against Take the case of Switzerland. Switzerland Iraq hearkened back to the examples of Gan­ remained neutral throughout World War IT. dhi and Martin Luther King and declare that THE CHRIST OF NO MAN'S LAND Yet only recently have the Swiss people non-violence is the way to bring about begun to see how, in order to preserve their change. But the fact is that non-violence public neutraltty, their leaders had to lend brings change only under certain cir­ HON. Blll McCOUUM clandestine support to Hitler's atrocities. cumstances. Gandhi succeeded in bringing OF FLORIDA Furthermore, had Nazism triumphed in Eu­ freedom to India because he knew that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rope, Switzerland would have been crushed British conscience and British decency and Wednesday, February 6, 1991 beneath Hitler's boot. So Switzerland owes British regard for human life would never its freedom today to the fact that others permit them to brutally end his non-violent Mr. MCCOLLUM. Mr. Speaker, today I were willing to die to protect it. People, no rebellion. By the same token, Martin Luther would like to share with my colleagues a ser­ matter how noble their intent, cannot sepa­ King's non-violent civil rights campaign suc­ mon that was delivered on January 20, 1991, rate themselves from war, its effects and its ceeded because our American reverence for by Dr. J. Howard Edington of the First Pres­ results. I would go on to say that pacifism freedom, justice, and human life runs so deep byterian Church of Orlando, FL, on the subject cannot be supported by Scripture. In the Old that the nation as a whole could never coun­ of the Persian Gulf war. Dr. Edington's text Testament, taking up arms in defense of tenance violence against her own people, and one's country was a Divinely encouraged ob­ the nation categorically rejected those indi­ reads as follows: Ugation of citizenship. And let's have no viduals who did try to stop the campaign THE CHRIST OF NO MAN'S LAND doubt, please, that Jesus was not a pacifist. with violence. But there are other settings in "And it shall come to pass in the last days, He said, "Greater love hath no man than the world where evil is pervasive and where that the mountain of the Lord's house shall this, that he lay down his life for his there is no voice of conscience and no regard be establtshed in the top of the mountains, friends." Jesus knew when He said that, that for human life. In such situations, war may and shall be exalted above the hills; and all the only way you can lay down your life for be the only way to control such evil in the nations shall flow unto it."-Isaiah 2.2-4 your friends is in your friends' defense or in world. I was planning on preaching another ser­ their place-and both of these are the death Just such a situation exists in Iraq today. mon to you today, but the events of this past that comes in war. Jesus abhorred violence, This Middle Eastern madman with his insa­ week which have intruded upon our lives, to be sure, and yet in a moment of profound tiable lust for power, his dreadfully silenced intruded upon my plans as well. Therefore, I violence, He took a whip and drove the mon­ conscience, and his demonic disdain for laid aside that other sermon-perhaps I shall eychangers out of the Temple. He sought human life cannot and must not be tolerated come back to it next week-but today I want peace, and He made peace, and He lived for in the family of humankind. In this case, no us to hear a word from the Lord on the sub­ peace, but He was not a pacifist. I have heard appeals to conscience are fruitful because ject of war. some people suggest that Jesus' admonition the voice of conscience has been stifled There are those, I suppose, who might "to turn the other cheek" is evidence to His under unrelenting evil. I would never ask argue that I have no right to address such a pacifism. To make such a statement reveals that all of you agree with the decision to em­ subject, for after all, I have never been to an ignorance of Scripture. That passage in ploy military force against Iraq, but please war. I don't know what it is Uke to live in a the Bible clearly refers to being struck on don't insult my inte111gence and demean the night which has a thousand eyes. I have the right cheek. Now in order to be struck on sacrifice of our young men and women in the never heard the hideous scream of fa111ng the right cheek, you must (unless you are Armed Forces by declaring that this war is bombs or targeted missiles. I have not been confronting that rare left-handed person) be for the purupose of securing cheap oil. To asked to sacrifice my arm or my leg or my struck with the back of the other person's make such an inane claim reveals a stagger­ sanity or my Ufe in war. I don't know what hand. In Jesus' day, that was an act of in­ ing ignorance. If you don't do anything more it is to kill another human being. In fact, I sult, not an act of attack. So Jesus was sim­ than rea.d the 75-page report of Amnesty question whether I could ever kill another ply saying that insults and slander ought to International on the atrocities the Iraqi

49-059 0-95 Vol. 137 album hit the inspirational, spiritual, and jazz tions to work. However, my guess is that up. charts all at the same time. those on the receiving end of such horrors You see, I believe in the Prince of Peace. I For many entertainers these achievements could mount a persuasive argument against believe that hatred and fear and cruelty and waiting any longer. I hate war-and I hate falsehood will never win. I believe that there would have had an effect on the group, they this war-but sometimes there is just no will come a time when nations shall "beat would have removed themselves from the other way to deal with that kind of evil in their swords into plowshares and their spears problems of society to deal only with their indi­ the world. into pruning hooks and nation shall not lift vidual problems and needs. On the contrary Here then I believe, is the Christian re­ up sword against nation and neither shall Take 6 feels that they have a message in their sponse to war. We go to war only when we they learn war anymore." I believe that day music and this message should not only be have to, only when there is nothing else we will come because I believe it is the will of sung on an album or performed at a concert can do. And when we go, we cry out to God God confirmed by the death and resurrection but lived through their action and work in the in repentance that sometimes all we can do of Jesus Christ. to control the evil in our world is to engage Ogden Nash is noted more for his whim­ community. in war. When we go, we go with the prayer of sical poetry than his theological depth. But It is for this reason that I pay tribute to the the poet on our lips: "0 Lord, we trust that tucked away amidst his humorous verse, unselfish and community oriented activities somehow good will be the final goal of ill." there is a striking little poem contrasting that Take 6 initiate. They are taking time out So is it right to go to war? No, it is not long ago events in the Middle East with the of their busy schedules to come to visit the right. But sometimes in this sin-sick world, unholy horrors of modern war. Listen: 1Oth Congressional District of New Jersey to the Christian has no other choice. And it is "Gentleman of the High Command meet, talk with, and perform to students with then that God in Jesus Christ embraces us Who crucify the slums, artistic aspirations, who have had to overcome with His forgiving love. There was an earlier Golgotha some type of obstacle in their lives. But now let me affirm our Christian hope The third day comes." for peace. Please join me in saluting a group that real­ Hear that, you tyrants of the world who izes that it is not enough just to use the tal­ The most stubborn obstacle to a better and seek to enslave and destroy: the third day peaceful world is not the outright enemies of comes! Hear that, you soldiers at the front ents that you have been given but you must God, but the mass of people who do not care willing to lay down your lives for freedom's multiply them by sharing them with others. one way or another. Look at our own land. sake: the third day comes! Hear that, you Here are young men and women witnessing who have loved ones on distant shores and in the disruption of all their plans, sacrificing harm's way: the third day comes! Hear that, RELIEF FOR PENSION LOSERS home and job and family, and going off to you who faint beneath the crushing load of the deserts of Arabia to hazard their lives for this world's pain and peril: the third day freedom and justice. Yet, in the presence of HON. TIMOTHY J. ROEMER comes! Jesus Christ is alive! And He will win. OF INDIANA this heroic spectacle, how disquieting it is to So ... see men and women whose major endeavor In the litttle town of Neuve Chapelle in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES seems to be to gain what advantage they can France, there is a shrine built to honor the Wednesday, February 6, 1991 for themselves out of a nation's agony. These Crucified Christ! When war came, the battle morally indifferent people around us do not lines were drawn so that shrine was left in Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in care whether justice and righteousness win "no man's land." The war raged for years, support of the Pension Restoration Act of or lose, whether the Church of Jesus Christ then at last the fighting stopped. The figure 1991. This bill addresses some longstanding lives or dies, or whether the temporary hor­ of the Christ was mutilated, but not de­ inequities in the provision of pension benefits rors of war will lead to lasting peace. It has stroyed. "The Christ of No Man's Land" is to individuals who were not protected under been well said that "Life is one long conflict between the motives of Jesus and the forces still there-a reminder that Jesus Christ the Employee Retirement Income Security Act that nailed Him to the cross." And we are all still stands. And in a world at war, that is all of 1974, also known as ERISA. I would like to taking sides. I need to know. commend my distinguished colleague from As for me, and my house, I choose the Ohio [Mr. SAWYER], for his leadership in intro­ Christ. That man on the cross is worth living ducing this legislation. I am happy to be an for-aye, He is even worth dying for. For TAKE 6 "ALL OF OUR GIFTS AND original cosponsor of the bill, along with my when all the achievements and glories of hu­ TALENTS ARE GOD-GIVEN" friend and colleague from Indiana [Mr. JA­ mankind have crumbled into the dust, His cross will still stand "towering o'er the COBS]. wrecks of time." The greatest miracle of HON. DONALD M. PAYNE This legislation has special significance for that cross is that out of torture and blood­ OF NEW JERSEY my constituents in the Third Congressional shed and death, it tells us of a God who "so IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES District of Indiana. Some 27 years ago, 11 ,000 loved the world that He gave His only begot­ employees of the Studebaker Co., lost their ten son, that whosoever believeth in Him Wednesday, February 6, 1991 jobs when that major employer closed its plant should not perish but have everlasting life." Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, in South Bend, IN. Many of the displaced Recently a man came in to see me. He was the Take 6 story is one that will make every workers got just a fraction-if anything at an­ on the verge of desperation. His spirit was one in the music industry proud as well as of what they had been promised in their pen­ broken. He was almost paralyzed by despair. There wasn't a thing I could say to him to those who read and listen to the success of sion plans, since there was simply not enough encourage him, but that he would reply: these six young men. money in the Studebaker pension fund to "There is no use. I'm through. I'm beaten It was in a now famous campus bathroom at compensate all of the displaced employees. and I know it. Death is the only way out." a Seventh Day Adventist institution in Hunts­ The impact was devastating for a large num­ There was nothing I could do for him, noth­ ville, AL, that the saga began. This a cappella ber of employees, resulting in financial hard­ ing-until I began to tell him about the cross sextet consisting of Mark Kibble, Mervyn War­ ships from which many have not recovered. and about One who loved him enough to die ren, Clause V. Mcknight Ill, Cedrick Dent, While ERISA eventually provided for a pen­ for him. When I finished the story, I saw sion insurance program for employees losing hope light up his face with a glory greater Alvin "Vinnie" Chea, David Thomas, and Joel than that of an ocean sunrise. Kibbl~who has recently replaced Melvin their vested pensions, it did not provide retro­ Of course, Jesus Christ is no longer hang­ Warren-make up a collaboration of the hot­ active coverage for workers who had lost their ing on the cross. He is no longer victim. Now test Caribbean, jazz, classical, and gospel pensions as a result of plant closings previous He is victor. He is the crucified but risen music. to its enactment. During 1981, Congress February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3445 began introducing legislation to address their HONORING MAYOR WILLIAM J. on Secondary Schools for the Middle Atlantic plight. I join my colleagues today in reintroduc­ PASCRELL AT THE 21ST ANNUAL States Association. Bolstered by his impres­ ing this legislation with the hope of providing MURRAY HOUSE DINNER DANCE sive record in these positions and his strong a minimal benefit to those who have been af­ community involvement, he was elected to the fected by the pre-ERISA loss of their vested HON. ROBERT A. ROE New Jersey State Assembly in late 1987. pensions. OF NEW JERSEY As an assemblyman Bill used his back­ Many of the people who were affected by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ground and intimate knowledge of the edu­ cational system to become one of the leading pre-ERISA pension losses are now elderly and Wednesday, February 6, 1991 members and authorities on the subject of are having a difficult time making ends meet. Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to honor education. Bill serves as chairman of the High­ A great many of these individuals fought in a distinguished American who has served and er Education Committee and vice chairman of World War II, went to work, and had faith in continues to serve the State of New Jersey as the full Committee on Education. He has also their pensions. They participated in their pen­ a valued member of its State assembly and as combined his activities with the education sion plans and believed the promise that the honorable mayor of its third largest city, community to involve students and faculty in something would be waiting for them when the city of Paterson. William J. Pascrell will be other worthwhile community projects such as they reached retirement age. They now feel this year's honored guest at the 21st Annual the March of Dimes and the American Cancer that they have been financially forgotten, and Murray House Dinner Dance held Sunday, Society. that the American dream for which they fought February 17, 1991 at the cotillion in the city of Mr. Speaker, last year with the untimely and worked so hard is further and further out Garfield. All proceeds for this festive and very passing of our good friend and colleague, of reach. worthwhile affair will be directed to the depart­ Mayor-Senator Frank Graves, Bill became the Mr. Speaker, I sincerely hope that this will ment for persons with disabilities. mayor of Paterson, his lifelong home. He has be the year that we rectify this longstanding Mr. Speaker, this year's celebration will be Continued his devotion and tremendous efforts problem, which has caused so much financial particularly poignant in light of last year's pas­ to improve the quality of life for his community hardship to so many of these people who de­ sage by Congress of the landmark Americans and is uniquely qualified for this responsibility. serve to receive a small portion of what was With Disabilities Act. This remarkable legisla­ Over the years, as would be expected of a due to them. The modest approach embodied tion will create a world of new opportunities for man of his singular commitment and good disabled individuals, allowing them to move in this bill provides that workers would receive works, Mayor Pascrell has been honored by more freely and participate in a larger share of five different organizations as their "Man of an annual benefit of $75 for every year that their community's activities. The simple every­ the Year", in 1976 by the Federation of Italian they were vested under their retirement plan. day activities which are performed with barely Societies, 1978 by the Mother Cabrini Society, As an example, a worker who had 20 years a thought by the great majority of us, may trap 1981 by the Paterson Area Chapter of UNICO, vested in a company retirement plan before those with a disability or special need. These 1983 by the John Raad Post of the American ERISA would be entitled to an annual stipend barriers imprison valuable ideas and contribu­ Legion, and in 1988 by St. Gerard's Parish in of $1,500-in many cases a small fraction of tions which could add to and improve society Paterson. what they were originally entitled. Widows or if they were only allowed an opportunity to be It is particularly fitting, Mr. Speaker, that with widowers of benefiCiaries would be eligible for put into use. his extensive background in education and his 50 percent of their spouses' benefits. The Murray House helps to knock down multitude of good works and community in­ The benefits program is to be administered those barriers and free persons to make a dif­ volvement that Mayor William Pascrell is hon­ by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ference and maximize their individual poten­ ored by the Murray House for his outstanding [PBGC], a quasi-Government agency that was tial. This organization helps the learning dis­ career in public service and assistance to created under ERISA to administer and pay abled and adults requiring special education. those who are less fortunate. for pension losses experienced by workers These individuals live in the Murray House I am sure that his lovely wife, Elsie and his who lose their vested pensions due to plant and are assisted in making their lives as nor­ three sons, William Ill, Glen, and David are closings or pension plan terminations. Be­ mal and productive as possible. There are very proud of his many accomplishments and cause the program is funded and administered three Murray Houses in northern New Jersey his profound devotion to working for a better through the PBGC, and because the PBGC providing their very special services, one each world in which to live. Mr. Speaker, I invite all my colleagues to budget comes from funds raised through pen­ in Paterson, Wayne, and Oak Ridge. There is no greater service to mankind than helping an­ join me in saluting the Honorable Mayor Wil­ sion plan sponsor premiums, not a cent of tax­ liam Pascrell and the Murray House for their payer money will be required to finance the other to a better more fulfilling life. The Murray House does this every day on an individual many contributions to helping individuals with program created by this legislation. No ex­ basis with the help of the people like Mayor a special need fulfill that most precious ac­ penditure of general Federal revenues will be Bill Pascrell. complishment for a human being, to be in­ required. Furthermore, no additional expense Bill began as a teacher and educator of dis­ volved and to have an opportunity to simply will be required of current plan sponsors. This tinct character and wide experience and has make a difference. These are the efforts which bill is therefore fiscally responsible, as well as remained very active in area educational pro­ truly define public service and make us all sound and compassionate public policy. grams. Bill was born and raised in Paterson proud. Mr. Speaker, this is a modest and budget and went on to Fordham University where he neutral approach to addressing a fundamental received a B.S. degree in communication arts issue of social responsibility. Those who lost INTRODUCTION OF THE AMATEUR and a master's degree in philosophy. He put RADIO SPECTRUM ACT OF 1991 pensions due to the Studebaker closing and this education and his special ability to com­ other corporate bankruptcies prior to ERISA municate to excellent use as an educator, HON. JIM COOPER should not be asked to forfeit their futures teaching history, psychology, English, and OF TENNESSEE after years of hard work and effort. These are civics at Paramus High School and Paramus IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES decent, hard-working people who were caught Adult School, as well as philosophy at in the most unfortunate of circumstances, and Fairleigh Dickinson University. Wednesday, February 6, 1991 our Federal Government must come to their Mr. Speaker, even when Bill moved into Mr. COOPER. Mr. Speaker, as this Con­ aid. I urge my colleagues to support this legis­ public service, he kept his close ties to edu­ gress convened I introduced legislation, H.R. lation, and I will work diligently for its passage cation. Before becoming mayor of Paterson, 73, to protect ham ra~io spectrum. Since so in the 102d Congress. he served as both director of the Paterson De­ many of my colleagues have expressed inter­ partment of Public Works and in the mayor's est in gaining a better understanding of the is­ offiCe as director of the department of policy sues that led to the development of this bill, I planning and management. He has also would like to offer some background informa­ served as a member and president of the tion. Paterson Board of School Estimate, the When Congress passed the FCC Authoriza­ Paterson Planning Board and the Commission tion Act (Public Law 100-594) on November 3446 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 3, 1988, it included in section 10 a provision easy target for Federal bureaucrats who are THE NORTH WIND UNDERSEA which "strongly encourages and supports the pressured to provide spectrum for a new serv­ INSTITUTE amateur radio service and its emergency com­ ice. Amateurs are prohibited from receiving munication efforts". any form of payment for operating their sta­ HON. EUOT L ENGEL It further required that government agencies tions. This means that amateur radio opera­ OF NEW YORK shall take into account the valuable contribu­ tors-whether they are assisting a search-and­ tions made by amateur radio operators when rescue operation in the high Sierras, relaying IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES considering actions affecting the amateur radio health-and-welfare messages during Hurricane Wednesday, February 6, 1991 service. Hugo or the California earthquake or providing I strongly supported this provision. However, Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to present communications assistance at the New York threats continue to surface that would reduce another example of how Americans are band­ the amount of spectrum available for amateur City marathon-make available their services ing together in this time of crisis. radio operators to carry out their operations­ free of charge to insure the safety of the pub­ People in this country have again been services like public safety and emergency as­ lic. They operate their stations for the benefit shown an example of the terrorist activities of sistance. For this reason, on January 3, 1991 of the public, and for their own personal train­ Sadam Hussein by his recent release of lit­ I introduced H.R. 73, the Amateur Radio ing. The Amateur Radio Service is strictly erally millions of gallons of oil into the Persian Spectrum Protection Act of 1991, a bill to pre­ nonbusiness, which leads me to believe that a Gulf. vent any further loss of radio spectrum by the statutory safeguard is needed to guarantee its I have been contacted by many community amateur radio community. survival. organizations wanting to lend their assistance Mr. Speaker, I sponsored this bill on behalf I share the growing concern of those in the to our cause in the gulf. One group located in of some of the ham radio operators in my dis­ telecommunications community about the my district the North Wind Undersea Institute, trict. They personally asked for my help in ad­ shortage of spectrum. New technologies like an environmental institution has written to vancing this cause. In Tennessee, we have cellular telephones, personal communications President Bush offering to go to Saudi Arabia over 9,330 amateur radio licensees, and they networks, and high definition television offer to help save the animals threatened by the oil are part of nearly half-million amateur radio li­ exciting services, but they need dedicated slick created by Iraq. North Wind is an experi­ censees throughout the United States. spectrum space in order to thrive. enced environmental organization which has H.R. 73 is simple and direct. It would ensure It is these concerns that prompted me to worked at improving the environment and that ham operators can continue to use all of sign on as an original cosponsor of Chairman perserving wildlife across the globe. the spectrum they now use. If the FCC pro­ I insert the text of North Wind's letter to the John Dingell's legislation, H.R. 531, which poses to use amateur radio channels for some President offering their assistance entered into other use, the bill would require that amateur would free up for private use spectrum that is the RECORD following this statement. underutilized by the Federal Government. And operations be transferred to equivalent re­ NORTH WIND UNDERSEA I believe that ultimately, all spectrum-users, in­ placement frequencies. By equivalent, I intend INSTITUTE INC., to ensure that the replacement bands be cluding amateur radio operators, will find their City Island, Bronx, NY, January 29, 1991. equal in both size and characteristics. The bill best interest served by bringing better effi­ The PRESIDENT OF THE is designed to protect the existing spectrum al­ ciency to use of the spectrum. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, locations to all amateur radio services-includ­ But I am concerned that as things stand The White House, ing the amateur service, the amateur-satellite now, amateur radio spectrum is too easy a Washington, DC. service and the radio amateur civil emergency target, and has already given up more than its DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: The deliberate dump­ ing of oil in the Persian Gulf by Sadam Hus­ service. fair share of frequencies. In the coming sein will have a devastating effect on wildlife This bill addresses a real and growing prob­ weeks, I hope to work with my colleagues on for decades. Similarly, for us as a nation to lem for amateur operators. They calculate that the Telecommunications and Finance Sub­ accept this senseless act of environmental over 100 megahertz of their spectrum has committee to develop a way to bring about the terrorism stands to deeply undermine our been reallocated since 1982. So I am with kind of efficiency in use of the spectrum that national consciousness for decades. them when they say, "Enough is enough. This is so critical to our nation's telecommuni­ Mr. President, I feel, and I know you do too, that we cannot allow a despot to snuff has to stop." cations infrastructure. And I hope we can ac­ There are thousands of amateurs in every out of the thousand points of light that have complish this without putting an unfair burden come to promise us a new world order. I congressional district working hard for the on amateur radio enthusiasts. know that your response to Sadam Hussein's public good. In the public eye, the best-known Finally, Mr. Speaker, I want to offer one destruction of the Gulf will be positive ac­ benefit of amateur radio is its ability to provide note of appreciation to those amateur radio tion on behalf of the environment. With your life-saving emergency communications when operators in Tennessee who are helping to leadership, we will show the world that the normal lines of communication break down. In American "can-do" spirit of action in the provide the communications links for Ten­ hurricanes, . earthquakes, tornadoes, airplane face of adversity will dominate. crashes, missing person cases, and other ac­ nessee families to talk to their loved ones North Wind Undersea Institute has the ex­ cidents and disasters, amateur radio is often serving in the Armed Forces in the Persian perience, knowledge and expert inter­ national volunteer base to carry our an ef­ the first contact with the outside world avail­ Gulf. Many of the cream-of-the-crop in the amateur radio services dedicate themselves to fective mission to humanely deal with con­ able to an affected area. And amateurs fre­ taminated water fowl, fish and wildlife. quently furnish front-line communications dur­ serve as part of the Military Affiliate Radio North Wind would like to join the team that ing wildfires. System [MARS]. They offer their expertise, you have already dispatched and work with Red Cross and civil preparedness agencies time and equipment free of charge to conduct them toward the clean-up and rescue of ani­ often rely heavily on the services of volunteer these vital communications which do so much mals, a special expertise of our staff. As well, radio amateurs. In my own district, both the for troop morale-and to boost spirits of fami­ our involvement would be an inspiration to lies here at home. the 30,000 inner-city children that come to us Bedford County Emergency Management each year for the finest in environmental Agency and the City of Tullahoma Office of Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the American education. Emergency Management support this legisla­ Radio Relay League [ARRL], which represents Our previous rescue missions have included tion due to their profound appreciation for amateurs, for their valuable assistance in de­ the historic, first-ever rescue of a whale what they call the invaluable service of local veloping H.R. 73. ARRL tells me that 73 is after a prolonged stranding; the humane, ham operators. They have told me, for exam­ radio shorthand for best regards. I hope that safe relocation of manatees in Florida; and ple, about the assistance ham operators gave a grateful American public and their represent­ whale rescue operations in Mexico, Belize the public recently when a dense fog caused and around the world. The North Wind Team atives here in Congress will give these hams of veterinarians, environmentalists and wild­ a huge traffic pileup on Tennessee Interstate our best regards by ensuring their bright future life rehabilitators has worked together suc­ 75. with swift passage of H.R. 73. cessfully for more than a decade. I think you I hope none of my colleagues overlook the will find from the attached resume that my fact that amateur radio is noncommercial in military, professional and environmental ex­ nature-which means they are sometimes an perience qualify me to lead the North Wind February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3447 team in executing a successful environ­ nated approach" to sanctions if the Soviets THE UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE mental rescue mission in the Gulf. continue to use force to suppress the inde­ BUDGETING REFORM ACT Through Operation Desert Storm we are demonstrating to the world that Americans pendence movements in the Baltic States. care-about the sovereignty of even so small I have cosponsored legislation (H. Res. 32), a nation as Kuwait. Through our proposed which condemns the recent Soviet actions in HON. JILL L LONG Operation Gulf Clean-up we will further dem­ the Baltic States and demonstrates my sup­ OF INDIANA onstrate that caring spirit by extending it to port for Lithuania by imploring Soviet authori­ an environment and to wildlife far from our ties to peacefully resolve the issue of Baltic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES American shores. Our young people need to have the caring spirit of our nation rein­ independence and address the underlying Wednesday, February 6, 1991 problem of Baltic self-determination. I have forced, especially in this difficult time of Ms. LONG. Mr. Speaker, today I am reintro­ war. also added my name as an original cosponsor ducing legislation to reform the way we budget The educational and environmental work of legislation that would designate June 14, the unemployment insurance [UI] program. of North Wind is well known to our rep­ 1991, as Baltic Freedom Day. Over the past year and a half, unemployment resentatives in Albany and in Washington. In addition, on January 24, I wrote to Sec­ They know that we stand ready, willing and offices in States across the country have been able to be of service. I shall share a copy of retary of State James A. Baker Ill. In this let­ closed at times due to shortfalls in Federal this letter with them and work through the ter, I urged him in his meeting with the Soviet funding. While Congress reacted by passing proper channels to bring about Operation Foreign Minister to condemn the use of force supplemental appropriation legislation, once Gulf Clean-Up. in the Baltic States and convince the Soviets again we are faced with a funding shortfall for Sincerely, to honor their human rights obligations. CAPTAIN MICHAEL SANDLOFER, the current fiscal year generated by a poor Executive Director. On January 28, the United States and the budget process. Benefits in many instances Soviet Union announced that they were post­ have been delayed for weeks, while offices poning the meeting between Presidents Bush have been unable to process claims, and IN HONOR OF LITHUANIAN and Gorbachev that had been scheduled for beneficiaries form long lines. The legislation I AMERICAN COUNCIL DINNER February 11-13 in Moscow. The postpone­ am introducing today, the Unemployment In­ ment was attributed to war in the Persian Gulf, surance Program Budgeting Reform Act, HON. PETER J. VISCLOSKY but pressure from Congress and public opin­ would address the underlying problem which OF INDIANA ion are strongly against President Bush ap­ has given rise to these periodic shortfalls. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pearing to engage in business as usual with The administration of the unemployment in­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 the Soviets in light of the crackdown in the surance program is paid for by a Federal tax Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Speaker, on February Baltics. On January 30, the Soviet Foreign on employers. The revenue raised by this tax 17, the Lithuanian American Council will have Minister announced that Soviet troops sent to is held in the Unemployment Trust Fund [UTF] a dinner in Gary, IN, to mark the 73d anniver­ the Baltic republics over the past few weeks and is dedicated solely to the unemployment sary of the Proclamation of Independence for were in the process of withdrawing to allow a insurance program. However, the Unemploy­ Lithuania. While I wish I could recognize ev­ resumption of talks between Moscow and the ment Trust Fund is included in the calculation eryone who has played a role in this particular secessionist governments of Lithuania, Latvia, of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings [GRH] deficit, event and in efforts in northwest Indiana to en­ and Estonia. and the funds that pay for the administration sure that the plight of their brethren is not ig­ The Bush administration has maintained a of the unemployment insurance program are nored, this is not possible. However, I would low-key approach to the crisis in the Baltic counted against the discretionary spending be remiss if I did not cite the council's officers: States. Part of the explanation for this stance caps and are subject to sequester. Vincent Gumulauskis, president; Peter Auksel, is that Soviet President Gorbachev is under The most recent funding shortfall is due to first vice president; Casimir Bait, second vice extreme pressure in Moscow to take a hard rising unemployment as well as an appropria­ president; Walter Ruzga, treasurer; Virute line toward the secessionist republics and tions process which restricted the ability of Vilutis, secretary. President Bush hopes to maintain the support legislators to free funds from the UTF. Discre­ The dinner is especially significant this year of the Soviet Union in the Persian Gulf war. · tionary spending caps limited the total 1991 due to the Baltic States' most recent struggle However, President Bush and Secretary of fiscal year appropriations including the appro­ to achieve independence in light of the brutal State James Baker have indicated that further priation of administrative funds from the UTF. Soviet repression and crackdown that began armed intimidation against Lithuania's inde­ However, these budget actions saved in Vilnius on January 13. As I express my pendence drive could severely disrupt the im­ money on paper only. Any unspent monies from the trust fund are required to remain in strong support for the Lithuanian independ­ proved United States-Soviet relations. the fund where they build up, unspent. The ence movement, I also want to convey my sin­ I am encouraged by the recent positive indi­ current estimate for the year end balance in cere sympathies to the families of those who cators that may lead to negotiations between administrative funds account is $2.52 billion. were killed in the recent crackdown and all the Soviet Union and the Baltics. However, I those who have lost their lives in this noble The legislation I introduce today would ad­ remain concerned about Soviet President dress the shortfall by removing the UTF from battle. Let us hope that their ultimate sacrifice Gorbachev's February 5 declaration that re­ will not be in vain. the GRH deficit calculation and the Budget public-wide non-binding ballot on Lithuanian While most of the world's attention has been Enforcement Act [BEA] budget process includ­ independence would be invalid. My message focused recently on the Persian Gulf war, I ing the discretionary caps and sequesters, in to President Gorbachev is clear: if he reverts want to express my unwavering support for essence moving the unemployment program Lithuania and the other Baltic States in their to the hard-line Soviet political strategy of re­ off budget. By removing the UTF from the peaceful efforts to achieve independence from pression, he risks not only the Soviet Union's BEA budget process, any pressure that may the Soviet Union. Further, it is essential to improved human rights record through exist to hold down expenditures from the UTF send a clear and unequivocal message to the glasnost, but he also jeopardizes his country's and to build up the surplus in the trust fund Soviet Union condemning the continued and improved relations with the United States. The would be eliminated. The stockpiling of funds resurgent Soviet repression in Lithuania and United States cannot allow this type of barba­ that derive from a dedicated tax defeats the other Baltic republics. rism to continue. purpose of a dedicated tax and is merely an As a member of the Ad-Hoc Committee on It is my hope that the strong support for accounting device to meet budget targets. the Baltic States, I have taken several steps to Lithuania in the United States Congress may Mr. Speaker, this legislation would help show my support for the Baltic States. On help to convince the Soviets to reject their bring integrity to the budget process and to January 23, I supported, and the House of hard line stance. I will continue to closely protect the unemployment insurance program Representatives unanimously approved a monitor the developments in Lithuania and the from unwarranted funding shortfalls at a time measure (H. Con. Res. 40), which condemns other Baltic States. It is essential that we ac­ of rising unemployment. I urge my colleagues the violence and asks President Bush to work tively support the Lithuanian people in their to support the Unemployment Insurance Pro­ with our European allies toward a "coordi- struggle for independence. gram Budgeting Reform Act. 3448 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 THE STRUGGLE FOR BALTIC Foreign Minister Besmertnikh sit down at the ed Knee occurred, a granite memorial was INDEPENDENCE negotiating table, Mr. Baker must make abso­ erected to honor the Cavalry who fought in the lutely plain that the United States has no in­ battle. For generations now, the accolades HON. FlANK J. GUARINI tention of sitting idly by while Baltic civilians paid to Custer and the valor attributed to him, OF NEW JERSEY are slain in their struggle for freedom and let alone that a national monument bears his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES independence. name, has been like a slap in the face to the Wednesday, February 6, 1991 Our Nation suffered terribly to gain inde­ Indian tribes who survived those harsh times. pendence, but from the battlefield arose the We are now at a time in which the actions Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, while many greatest nation on Earth. Let that be an inspi­ taken during the westward expansion of Eastern European nations are emerging from ration to the noble Baltic citizenry. Let us hope "Manifest Destiny" can be examined in a more their years of domination by communism and that they need not follow the same path to honest light. We see now that our actions testing the waters of free market economies, achieve their common goal. against the native people were not the most three republics are still being kept under the At this important juncture in world history, honorable. To that end, I was invited by the strong arm of a repressive regime. These re­ most eyes are cast toward the Middle East. National Park Service in 1989 to be a member publics have struggled for 50 years for inde­ And rightly so. But we must not forget that the of an ad-hoc group to plan and exe¢ute the pendence from Soviet domination, to no avail. struggle for freedom continues 2,228 miles building of an Indian memorial at the battle­ Like most Americans, I am angered and northwest of Kuwait City. We must continue to field. frustrated at news reports that tell bloody tales support those who fight for what we already I come before the Congress today with two of how Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians have. We must help them as they seek to bills: one is a proposal that sprang from the are threatened, bullied, beaten, and even mur­ build nations like ours where free people can ad-hoc group's discussion with the theme we dered as Soviet tanks roll into their capitals. express themselves and take part in their own chose, "Peace Through Unity," to honor the This is an outrage. Is this what we are to ex­ government. fallen American Indian warriors. I am also in­ pect from glasnost, killing and injuring un­ troducing a bill to authorize the changing of armed civilians? I fear the old policy of repres­ the battlefield's name from the Custer National sion, intimidation, and rule by force in that re­ INTRODUCTION OF BILLS TO AU­ Battlefield to the Little Big Horn National Bat­ gion has returned. THORIZE AN INDIAN MEMORIAL tlefield, denoting its geographic location, which This June, Baltic citizens will note the 50th AT THE CUSTER BATTLEFIELD is more in line with the denotation of other na­ anniversary of that dark day when Joseph Sta­ AND CHANGE THE NAME TO THE tional battlefields. lin began his mass deportation of their country LITTLE BIGHORN NATIONAL In American Indian culture, it is frowned men and women to Siberia. Now would be a BATTLEFIELD upon to toot your own horn. Humility is the ad­ fitting time for the Soviet regime to release its mirable attribute. I don't wish to elicit praise or iron grip on these small republics and allow HON. BEN NIGHrnORSE CAMPBEll glory in pushing for the passage of this legisla­ them self-rule and self-determination. I urge OF COLORADO tion, instead I wish to correct a long-standing President Gorbachev to take concrete steps in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES injustice and help place American Indians in a that direction. But I am not very optimistic that more deservedly honorable position. This is he will. Wednesday, February 6, 1991 one for the Indians. I urge my colleagues to Indeed, it appears that Mr. Gorbachev has Mr. CAMPBELL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, support these bills and ask for consponsorship seized this opportunity to move aggressively as the world begins to turn its attention toward of this legislation. against the Baltic States while the allies are the Quincentennary Anniversary of Columbus' busy in the Persian Gulf. His keen timing puts arrival to the San Salvador Islands, commonly the brutal story on page 2, instead of on page and incorrectly referred to as the discovery of HONORING MR. MICHAEL DAVIE 1 where it belongs. America, I want to take this opportunity to in­ Mr. Speaker, I have been generally pleased troduce two pieces of legislation that will hope­ HON. C. TIIOMAS McMIUEN with the changes in the Soviet Union over the fully bring about a more honest and equitable OF MARYLAND past decade. The many policy changes under portrayal of Indians during a significant time in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES President Gorbachev have altered history for American history. Wednesday, February 6, 1991 the better. The Berlin Wall has fallen. East Eu­ We watched this week as a miniseries Mr. MCMILLEN of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, I ropeans are free. Russians have had a choice brought to life the events leading up to and rise today to join the Provinces Civic Associa­ at the ballot box for the first time. the historic battle of the Little Big Horn. Some tion of western Anne Arundel County, MD, in But recent weeks have caused me great of my ancestors were camped along the honoring their citizen of the year, Mr. Michael concern that glasnost may have reached its banks of that Montana river on that hot day in Davie. The Provinces Civic Association of limit. Could it be that the Kremlin is willing to June 1876, when a man the Crow called the western Anne Arundel County, which rep­ go only so far in its promise of a more open "Son of the Morning Star'' because he liked to resents a community of over 1 ,000 homes, society? Could it be that the Kremlin draws attack at dawn, but better known as Gen. has selected Michael Davie because of his ex­ the line before letting its people taste the free­ George Armstrong Custer, led his men of the tensive contributions as an active citizen. dom it has already guaranteed to them by Seventh Cavalry into a battle from which the Mr. Davie has, for over 10 years, made a signing the U.N. Declaration of Human Indians emerged the victor. Perhaps, some of significant difference on a variety of environ­ Rights? Unfortunately, it appears that way. your ancestors were also there that day. After mental and civil matters of concern to the If glasnost means anything, Mr. Speaker, it participating for many years in the Indian cam­ community. His participation has been in­ should mean basic internationally recognized paigns to eradicate the redman from his volved and the results effective. As a member human rights and self-determination. It cer­ homelands in the West, Custer fought in his of the board of directors of the Provinces Civic tainly doesn, mean storming TV stations and last and final battle at the Little Big Horn. Association, Mr. Davie has served as its treas­ government ministries at the expense of inno­ Unfortunately, the Indians had been, and in urer, director at large, and vice president. His cent lives. many cases are still to this day, characterized ability to work out details, while at the same I am proud to have supported House Con­ as savages. Perhaps, the dehumanization of time remaining focused on the greater goal of current Resolution 40, which condemns the the Cheyenne, Blackfoot, and Lakota people a project have reaped positive results in areas brutal Soviet assault in Lithuania and Latvia. I made it easier for the military to rationalize such as sediment runoff erosion control in am also proud to cosponsor the Baltic Free­ their actions. For the Indians, it really boiled construction and airport noise control. He has dom Day resolution, and I am taking other down to either kill or be killed. They fought also served as the chairman of the Park Com­ steps to voice my displeasure at the way bravely that day to protect their families, and mittee. events are unfolding in the Baltic region. to hold onto a way of life that was quickly dis­ Effective environmental improvement begins Yet more must be done. Congress has sent solving before their eyes. on the personal and community level. Mr. its signals; now it's time for the President to Almost overnight, the battlefield became a Davie is a perfect example of how effective a send his. The administration must take the national shrine and a tourist attraction. In concerned citizen can be in a community and lead on this issue. When Secretary Baker and 1881, 9 years before the massacre of Wound- for his efforts we extend our thanks. February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3449 NATIONAL FHA/HERO WEEK THE INTRODUCTION OF THE FAST Urban hospitals have been among the hard­ FLUX TEST FACILITY COMMER­ est hit. According to Healthweek magazine, HON. ~UlAMH. NATCHER CIALIZATION BILL the Boston City Hospital has lost four sur­ OF KENTUCKY geons in recent months, including the top trau­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. SID MORRISON ma specialist. Rural areas are also losing Wednesday, February 6, 1991 OF WASHINGTON some of the only doctors they have. One New IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mexico community health center had the only Mr. NATCHER. Mr. Speaker, next week the Wednesday, February 6, 1991 doctor for 150 miles aroun~ntil he was members and advisers of the Future Home­ called up by the reserves. We are hearing Mr. MORRISON. Mr. Speaker, today I am makers of America will celebrate National similar stories from around the country, from introducing a bill, along with several of my col­ FHA/HERO Week with the theme: "Future Texas, North Carolina, Kansas, Colorado, and leagues, aimed at preserving one of America's Homemakers of America: Working Today for a elsewhere. If the war in the Persian Gulf inten­ Better Tomorrow." It is a pleasure for me to premier research and development labora­ sifies, or is prolonged, many more areas of the recognize this fine organization at this time. tories. country may face a life-and-death medical per­ The Future Homemakers of America offers The Fast Flux Test Facility, located in my sonnel shortage. a variety of programs and events to help district, is our Nation's newest, most advanced In good times, attracting doctors to these members develop skills for life-planning, de­ research reactor. It is the only reactor within positions is not easy. In wartime, replacing cisionmaking, goal setting, problem solving, the Department of Energy's fleet that meets all them may be impossible. We already know and interpersonal communication-build a current regulatory requirements, and it's the how difficult it is to attract health professionals positive image, and gain recognition at local, facility best suited to meet our energy re­ district, State, and National levels. During the search and development needs well into the to impoverished urban districts and remote past year over 281 ,000 members in 11 ,000 next century. rural communities. It will be even more difficult chapters participated in FHA/HERO programs. Mr. Speaker, the FFTF can play a greater to attract skilled help on a temporary basis, More than 2,600 students and advisers at­ role not only in the areas of energy research, and decidedly more expensive. The real prob­ tended the 1990 cluster meeting held in Louis­ waste cleanup and environmental restora­ lem will come for federally funded health cen­ ville, KY. National officers Robin Wheeldon tion-it can also help meet the demands of in­ ters, clinics and hospitals. Because these or­ and Kelly Mitchell, both of whom are from dustry and medicine, both here at home and ganizations have restricted budgets that are Kentucky, presided at the meeting. This was abroad. planned a year in advance, there is no extra the last in a series of five nationally sponsored Later this month a team representing the money to either recruit a new doctor or nurse, cluster meetings, and participants learned Governor of the State of Washington, the Sec­ or pay a higher salary if they could find one. about national programs and leadership skills. retary of the Department of Energy and Wes­ The commissioned corps of the Public FHA members in my home State of Ken­ tinghouse Electric Co. will depart for Japan in Health Service has a long history of service to tucky have been active in national programs an effort to build on the promises of the FFTF. the public health of this Nation. The provision such as "Power of One" and "Champions II" This legislation supports this important market­ of health care is the oldest role of the Service, a membership campaign. "Power of One" ing effort, providing a path toward success in starting in the marine hospitals, and continuing helps individuals achieve goals through attracting new non-Federal partners into the today in the work of the Indian Health Service projects in any of five modules: A Better You, plant's operating mix. and the Health Resources and Services Ad­ Family Ties, Working on Working, Take the The goal is to keep the FFTF working for ministration. While the Service has also been Lead, and Speak Out for FHA. Personal goals America with a wide variety of government, exemplary in the areas of biomedical re­ are achieved and recognition is given at local, private and international investors sharing in search, disease control, and health education, State, and National levels. the costs and the benefits of this marvelous the provision of health care is at the heart of Last year 10, 729 members in 258 chapters facility. its sacred mission. throughout the State of Kentucky participated I urge all of my colleagues to join me in We should now consider calling on this in FHA activities. In the Second Congressional support of this important effort. corps and its reserves, to fill the newest Na­ District of Kentucky, which I have the privilege tional ne~he vacancies in primary care services for those communities whose doctors of representing in the Congress, there was THE PERSIAN GULF WAR AFFECTS and nurses have gone to war. In the corps, 1,486 FHA members last year. MEDICAL CARE AT HOME Two of Kentucky's State officers from the there are over 2,600 doctors and nurses on Second District: Shannon England, Caverna HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN active duty. There is also a so-called "Ready Chapter, is State vice president for STAR Reserve," more than 1,200 private sector OF CALIFORNIA events and Jackie Stout, Spencer County High health professionals who already volunteer to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES School, is the State reporter. fill in for their colleagues at Federal sites for Tammy Evans, Cindy Ford, Ann Johnson, Wednesday, February 6, 1991 a few weeks at a time. and Kim Johnson-students at Franklin-SimJr Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, in the past few We are not asking for much more than that. son High School-and Tessa Copelin, Kim­ weeks, we have all focused attention on the House. joint resolution-calls on the Secretary berly Lane, Melinda Logsdon, and Stephanie war in the Gulf, appropriately so. We send our of Health and Human Services to activate the Oldham-students at Hart County High support for the troops and our prayers for their reserve corps of the Public Health Service, Schoo~ve all completed all five modules of success and safety. and to assign qualified members of the corps "Power of One" and have submitted applica­ But this morning I come to the floor to dis­ to temporary assignments of 90 to 180 days in tions for national recognition. cuss the war at home, In particular, I want to the most critically needy areas of the country Last year 1, 125 chapters earned recognition discuss the patients left behind when reservist that have been affected by the call-up of medi­ as Champions and Torch Chapters by reaclr doctors and nurses are called up. cal personnel. ing specifiC membership goals. In the Second I ask my colleagues' support for a resolution This is a tir:ne of national emergency. There Congressional District of Kentucky, Allen to call upon the commissioned corps of the are many fine men and women who are com­ County-Scottsville High, East Hardin High, Public Health Service and its reserves to pro­ mitting their time, energy, and even their lives Franklin-Simpson High, and Hart County High vide needed health services to people of the to support the President in the Persian Gulf. HERO were all Kentucky Champion Chapters. United States living in areas affected by the We can do no less at home. We cannot avoid I am proud of the FHA members and advis­ call-up of military reservist physicians and the loss of life on the battlefield. But we can ers of the Second Congressional District of nurses to support U.S. forces in the Persian prevent it in our cities and rural communities. Kentucky, and of all the members and advis­ Gulf. I am confident that the dedication of the Public ers throughout the country. The Future Home­ No one can argue that these doctors and Health Service to the health of our Nation will makers of America is an excellent organization nurses are not sorely needed-at military hos­ prove itself once again in this time of national and I want to wish everyone associated with pitals, on hospital ships, and at the front lines. need. the FHA continued success in their future en­ But when they go, they leave critical medical Mr. Speaker, I ask that a copy of H.J. Res. deavors. needs behind them. - be printed in the record at this point. 3450 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 H.J. RES.- SEC. 4. For purposes of this resolution: The article was written by Earl Caldwell, the Joint resolution to require the Secretary (1) The term "Persian Gulf conflict" means New York columnist and CBS radio com­ of Health and Human Services to call to ac­ United States military operations conducted mentator. tive duty additional members of the Reserve as a consequence of the invasion of Kuwait [From the New York Daily News, Jan. 30, Corps of the Public Health Service for the on August 2, 1990, by military forces of the 1991) purpose of responding to the shortage of Government of Iraq, including United States health care providers in the United States military operations conducted under the RANGEL: AGAINST THE WAR, FOR THE GI that has occurred as a result of the Persian name Operation Desert Shield and the name (By Earl Caldwell) Gulf conflict, and for other purposes. Operation Desert Storm. First he took a significant step to support Whereas, for purposes relating to the Per­ (2) The term "Regular Corps" means the those he calls "the warriors." He did that by sian Gulf conflict, the Department of De­ commissioned Regular Corps of the Public proposing legislation to create for troops fense has called to active duty thousands of Health Service, maintained pursuant to Sec­ who serve in the Persian Gulf a "G.I. Bill" of health care providers who are reserve mem­ tion 203 of the Public Health Service Act. the kind enacted for veterans of World War bers of the United States Armed Forces; (3) The term "Reserve Corps" means the II. Two days later, he was the only member Whereas calling health care providers to commissioned Reserve Corps of the Public of Congress to stand on the Ellipse in Wash­ active duty for such purposes has deprived Health Service, maintained pursuant to Sec­ ington and address the huge anti-war dem­ many rural and medically underserved com­ tion 203 of the Public Health Service Act. onstration. Yesterday he was preparing for a munities of essential medical personnel and (4) The term "Secretary" means the Sec­ trip to Tel Aviv. has resulted in shortages of health care pro­ retary of Health and Human Services. "To thank Israel for not attacking when viders, which is a medical crisis that will we have troops on the line," explained New exist for the duration of the Persian Gulf York Congressman Charles Rangel. conflict; CONGRATULATIONS TO MAYOR It may not have been his intention but bit Whereas such shortages are particularly JOSEPH CIPOLLA by bit, U.S. Rep. Rangel, the Harlem Demo­ acute in federally funded community, mi­ crat, has moved onto the point as a leader in grant, and Indian health centers; the developing opposition to use of force in Whereas the commissioned corps of the HON. ROBERT G. TORRICEW the Persian Gulf. Public Health Service was created in 1889 as OF NEW JERSEY Maybe a part of it has to do with his own a uniformed service to provide for and pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES history. Rangel has two medals from the war mote the public health of the people of the of 40 years ago that in many ways forms a United States; Wednesday, February 6,1991 link to what is now taking place. Then it was Whereas the commissioned corps of the Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, it is with Korea, early in the 1950s, and American Public Health service is an organization of great respect and admiration that I address troops made up the bulwark of a coalition 6,000 officers, including 2,600 medical officers my colleagues in the House today, for I rise to formed to carry out a mandate of the United and nurses, and has a ready reserve corps of Nations. 1,200 medical officers and nurses that can be extend my heartiest congratulations and Rangel sees the experience of Korea being called to active duty for service to the Unit­ warmest best wishes to Mayor Joseph Cipolla repeated. When troops were ordered to the ed States in time of military or civilian on the occasion of his retirement. Persian Gulf, it was said that dislodging emergencies; and Joseph Cipolla has served as mayor of the Iraqi forces from Kuwait would not take Whereas because of its history and duty to borough of Paramus for over 20 years, 16 of long. Some said, "Only a few weeks," and serve the United States during times of cri­ which he has served as mayor. For over 20 others guessed that it would not take even sis, the commission corps of the Public years he has served as the municipal pool that long. But after less than two weeks, it Health Service can play a vital part in re­ manager, a member of the board of education, does not look that way anymore. Now the sponding to the Persian Gulf conflict by prospects are of a long and bloody ground serving the people of the United States in and a member of the borough council. Mayor war. their time of medical need: Now, therefore, Cipolla has been the driving force behind the It also happened that way in Korea. At the be it establishment of the Paramus golf course, start, war was not even mentioned; just "a Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep­ senior citizens center, narcotics squad, sub­ police action," was the prediction. But when resentatives of the United States of America in stance abuse committee, Sunday closing, it was over, 33,629 Americans had been killed Congress assembled, That the Congress hereby antipornography and head shop ordinances, and there were 103,284 wounded. declares, subject to section 2, that a state of model recycling program and preservation of Korea, just as in the Persian Gulf now, national emergency exists for purposes of en­ home rule in the borough of Paramus. He was began with bombing and some believed that abling the Secretary of Health and Human the Navy and Air Force could do the job. Services, under Section 203 of the Public a moving force in preserving non-Sunday Eventually the burden fell to the infantry Health Service Act, to call to active duty ad­ shopping in Bergen County, and was instru­ and the same is expected to happen in Ku­ ditional members of the Reserve Corps of the mental in the growth and development of his wait. Rangel was a volunteer and he came Public Health Service. community and surrounding area. out of the war having been awarded a Purple SEC. 2. For purposes of the first section of His dedication to the community is exempli­ Heart and a Bronze Star. this resolution, the national emergency de­ fied by these and many other services which It is one thing to join a movement once it clared by the Congress is that certain com­ he has worked to provide. Mayor Cipolla is has been established and has a constituency munities in the United States are experienc­ one of those special few who truly make a dif­ large enough to influence. It is different, ing significant shortages in health services though, to be a part of building a movement. as a direct result of one or more 6f the ference in our society. Then, there are risks. By standing as the health care providers of the communities Mr. Speaker, I am proud to join in paying lone member of Congress to address the rally leaving the communities to serve as mem­ tribute to this exceptional man and extend my on Saturday, Rangel was taking the kind of bers of the United States Armed Forces in best wishes to him. risk politicians often duck. But he had his connection with the Persian Gulf conflict. reasons. SEC. 3. (a) For the purpose of responding to "I find myself wanting the Pz:esident to the national emergency described in section RANGEL: AGAINST THE WAR, FOR tell me why I should support him," he said. 2, the Secretary shall- THE GI "Why not just sanctions? Why not just cut (1) pursuant to the first section of this res­ him (Saddam Hussein) ofr? We could have olution, call to active duty additional mem­ really put a hurt on him with sanctions. I bers of the Reserve Corps and make assign­ HON. FRANK J. GUARINI have yet to listen to anything (in the deci­ ments of qualified members of such Corps; OF NEW JERSEY sion to use force) that makes sense." So on and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Saturday, Rangel was out there, as he said, (2) make assignments of qualified members "to help create an atmosphere-that you can of the Regular Corps. Wednesday, February 6,1991 be against the war and still be patriotic." (b) The Secretary shall identify the com­ Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, I would like to As a member of Congress, Rangel also munities in the United States that have sig­ call to the attention of my distinguished col­ stands with the minority in another way. He nificant shortages of health care providers has a son-22 years old now-who is a Ma­ for the reason specified in section 2. The Sec­ leagues a recent newspaper column discuss­ rine. So his son now faces what Rangel faced retary shall assign qualified members of the ing the views of my good friend, CHARLIE RAN­ 40 years ago. Regular Corps and the Reserve Corps to pro­ GEL, on the Persian Gulf conflict. The bill Rangel has fashioned to provide vide health services to such communities for CHARLIE is a man who knows war and G.I. benefits has several major components. periods not exceeding 180 days. knows the problems of veterans in peace time. He asks $1 billion to aid families of soldiers. February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3451 The money would be to assist in emergency BENJAMIN BANNEKER such purely scientific or intellectual tasks. But rent payments, mortgage payments, tuition there is more. and other contingencies. His bill also seeks HON. ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON Between 1791 and 1797, Benjamin to provide a flat $10,000 bonus for all who Banneker published his world renowned and serve. The idea being to give those soldiers OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA widely read "Almanacs," which drew the atten­ some options when they come home. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion of famous persons of the day, including proposed legislation also asks funds to ex­ pand veterans' benefits in housing, health Wednesday, February 6, 1991 Thomas Jefferson and the leaders of the abo­ litionist movement, and which were read aloud care, job training and to guarantee reem­ Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, on the occa­ ployment rights. on the floor of the House of Commons in an sion of the first public event, initiating the cele­ attempt to advance the abolitionist cause in As the war in the Persian Gulf progresses, bration and observance of the Bicentennial of it especially angers Rangel that no peace England. talks are taking place. "I don't expect Colin the District of Columbia, 1991-2002, I rise to Benjamin Banneker's contributions ranged Powell to talk about peace or Dick Cheney. pay tribute, including support for the effort to beyond the scientific. In August 1791, But where is Baker?" he asks, referring to erect a permanent physical memorial to a truly Banneker wrote a now famous letter to Thom­ the secretary of state. "Someone ought to be great man who was a major architect of the as Jefferson, decrying the institution of slav­ saying, (to Saddam) 'Do you give up?' But we Capital City, Benjamin Banneker, the first Afri­ ery, and pointing to himself as but one exam­ don't have anyone talking while we're doing can-American man of science, a self-taught ple of refutation of the widely held view re­ the bombing. It's insane." surveyor, astronomer, mathematician, and au­ garding the technical limitations of blacks. He thor, who, born a free man, rose from humble stated: beginnings, working the family farm in Howard I suppose it is a truth to well attested to County, MD, to a place of international promi­ ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY you, to need a proof here, that we are a race nence and respect. Even today, the beacon of Beings who have long laboured under the representing his lasting, multifaceted contribu­ abuse and censure of the world, that we have tions to the early history of this city and our long been looked upon with an eye of con­ HON. WAYNE OWENS country continues to beam brightly. tempt, and that we have been considered OF UTAH Benjamin Banneker's scientific talents were rather brutish than human, and Scarely ca­ evident early in his life. In 1753, at the age of pable of mental endowments. . . . I appre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 22 years, he single-handedly built a striking hend you will readily embrace every oppor­ tunity to eradicate that train of absurd and Wednesday, February 6, 1991 clock, made entirely of wood, except for a few false ideas and opinions which so generally metal parts, one of the first such clocks made Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, America prevail with respect to us, and that your in America. The clock worked perfectly, keep­ Sentiments are concurrent with mine. has had an empty energy policy for a decade. ing time accurately for more than 50 years, a The Persian Gulf crisis has again reminded us When Benjamin Banneker died in October marvel of invention, which drew the attention 1806, he was buried simply in an unmarked of our addiction to foreign oil, and that our na­ and admiration of his family, neighbors, and tional security is dependent on our energy se­ grave in Oella, MD, an unauspicious ending American Colonials everywhere. for a man whose life and contributions are a curity. Sadly, in the rush to find new energy In the 1780's, having been befriended by his resources, some want to invade the Arctic Na­ continuing inspiration for millions of men and Ellicott neighbors, who were fascinated with women of color and others, both in America tional Wildlife Refuge and other environmental his intellect and abilities, with a loan from and worldwide. Yet Benjamin Banneker has jewels with oil and gas development. Many them of a few astronomy books and some not been forgotten. His quiet, but direct protes­ forget that 70 percent of all the oil we have secondhand equipment, Benjamin Banneker tations against the institution of slavery, and ever discovered remains untapped in existing nourished and developed a keen interest in his illustrious accomplishments as a mathe­ wells. astronomy, and calculated a set of the matician, scientist, and astronomer, have left a Enhanced oil recovery, or EOR, involves in­ ephemerides, charting the positions of the ce­ marvelous trail of achievement that still shines. novative techniques which increase oil and lestial bodies for each day of the year. He de­ I am proud to be a graduate of a junior high gas recovery from existing petroleum re­ veloped this ability with great exactitude and school, now a high school for gifted and tal­ serves. Known EOR technologies can produce was widely praised. ented children, named for Benjamin Banneker another 80 billion barrels of domestic oil-al­ In February 1791, upon the recommenda­ in this city. I salute the memory of Benjamin most 50 percent of all the oil ever produced tion of Andrew Ellicott IV, chief surveyor, for Banneker, and join in the effort to erect a last­ within the United States. Petroleum engineers the new Federal city, then Secretary of State ing physical memorial to the man for the many predict more than a billion barrels of oil will be Thomas Jefferson, approved the appointment contributions that he made to American soci­ recovered in Utah with technological advances of Benjamin Banneker to serve as principle ety and culture. and economic incentives. assistant to Ellicott in the initial survey of Washington, DC. It is time we stopped giving tax breaks to In February 1791, Benjamin Banneker INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION huge oil companies who want to drill ANWR. began the mammoth task of maintaining the We can do better. Let us redirect our efforts TO ASSIST COMMISSIONED OFFI­ astronomical clock, and recording the precise CERS to encourage domestic oil production in areas time of each survey of the heavens, a delicate of existing development. Enhanced oil recov­ and exacting task, given the susceptibility of HON. FRANK HORTON ery, with the present infrastructure and deliv­ the clock to air-temperature changes and vi­ ery systems, is a cost effective and environ­ OF NEW YORK bration. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mentally safe alternative to increase energy The astronomical observations and calcula­ security. tions were critically important to the success of Wednesday, February 6, 1991 If we do not act quickly, however, access to the fieldwork, requiring the ability to under­ Mr. HORTON. Mr. Speaker, today, I am in­ two-thirds of the remaining oil in place may stand and utilize the finest technical equip­ troducing legislation designed to update our soon be lost due to well abandonment. A ment of the day, and to maintain extensive Internal Revenue Code, making it more equi­ delay in pursuing enhanced oil recovery will notes of the observations. Andrew Ellicott real­ table for our Nation's commissioned officers. be a decision to forever lose 325 billion bar­ ized that Banneker was not only capable of My bill would amend the Internal Revenue rels of proven oil reserves and with it any making and recording his observations, but Code of 1986 to increase the exclusion from hope of energy security. that he was also so exact, that he could be gross income for combat pay received by a To those who want to drill in wild places like left alone in the field tent, and relied upon to commissioned officer to $2,000. the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, I say, complete his tasks without continuous and di­ The compensation that America's commis­ "ANWR--no-EOR-yes." rect supervision. sioned officers receive for action in combat This reaction helped to refute the opinion, zones has traditionally been excluded from widely held among many that Americans of Af­ their gross income for tax purposes. For the rican ancestry were incapable of performing risks these military officials take in such situa- 3452 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 tions, such treatment is the very least we can FEDERAL EMPLOYEE FAMILY­ sutawney Phil, emerged from his burrow to do. BUILDING ACT give this year's winter weather prediction. The last time our commissioned officers had Here is the official proclamation from Punx­ an increase in the amount of combat pay they HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER sutawney, PA: could exclude from gross income was January OF COLORADO At 7:27 a.m. on February 2, 1991, Punx­ sutawney Phil, the Seer of Seers, the Prog­ 1, 1966, during the Vietnam conflict. At that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nosticator of Prognosticators, emerged from time, Congress increased the exclusion from Wednesday, February 6,1991 his burrow at Gobbler's Knob. He stood tall, $200 to its present $500. Prior to 1966, the Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, today I calm, and noble and was very pleased at the previous increase had taken place during the site of the huge throng of faithful followers am introducing the Federal Employee Family­ Korean conflict in 1952. Clearly, inflation dic­ at the Knob. He cast his eyes downward and Building Act, which would require that all in­ tates that it is once again time to increase the with a mischievous smile turned to the surance carriers in the Federal Employee groundhog club president Jim Means and sig­ exclusion. Health Benefits Program [FEHBP] that cover naled to him in clear groundhogese: "There Each and every one of us in Congress are obstetric care also cover infertility treatments is a shadow here for sure. Not especially hoping for a successful completion to Oper­ and adoption-related medical expenses. This dark or strong but enough to call for six ation Desert Storm at the earliest possible act would amend title 5 of the United States more weeks of winter weather." date. Until the end of hostilities, we must do Code, and is a duplicate of H.R. 2860 which everything in our power to assist the American I had introduced in the last Congress. DECLINING MILK PRICES service men and women serving in the Per­ For years millions of Americans have faced sian Gulf as well as their families. My bill rep­ a serious medical insurance coverage gap: resents a small but important part of this effort Very few health insurance plans cover infertil­ HON. JIM MOODY and I urge the appropriate committees of the ity treatment or adoption-related medical ex­ OF WISCONSIN House to consider this measure in a timely penses. Health plans in only nine States cover IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES manner. these kind of expenses. Plans in the other 41 Wednesday, February 6,1991 States and all of the Federal employee health Mr. MOODY. Mr. Speaker, yesterday the plans provide no coverage. U.S. Agriculture Department released figures The pursuit of happiness includes the ability PERSONAL EXPLANATION indicating that wholesale milk prices in Wis­ to have children. Those desiring to raise the consin have dropped to $1 0.16 per hundred children of America's future deserve our help. pounds. HON. MICHAEL BILIRAKIS High costs should not be an insurmountable This price was last seen in 1978. Can you obstacle to those seeking infertility therapy or imagine trying to live today on your 1978 in­ OF FLORIDA wishing to adopt children. come? Property taxes have skyrocketed over Although infertility strikes about 20 percent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the last 13 years. Labor costs are way up. The of all couples, it is, for the most part, a treat­ Milwaukee Sentinel today provided the follow­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 able disorder. During the past 10 years dra­ ing dramatic illustration of the gap between matic advances have been made in the fields Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I was unavoid­ 1978 prices and the costs of living in 1991, of infertility therapy and reproductive biology. based on advertisements in the paper: ably detained yesterday and did not vote on To individuals needing infertility treatment H.R. 180, the Veterans Education and Em­ In late 1978, you could buy a new Chrysler the cost is often prohibitive. For example, in LeBaron for $4,988, an all-you-can-eat fish ployment Amendments of 1991. Had I been vitro fertilization treatment costs about $4,000 dinner for $2.45. A new LeBaron now lists for present, I would have voted in favor of this im­ to $6,000 for one treatment cycle. Without $13,000, the fish fry goes for $5.95. portant veterans legislation. health insurance only well-to-do couples are So today, because of dairy policies which H.R. 180 extends eligibility for education able to afford infertility therapy, while the less encourage overproduction in nondairy States and employment programs. In addition, this fortunate majority are deterred by financial outside of the Midwest, Wisconsin's farmers legislation increases the eligibility time for Viet­ constraints. Less than one-third of all infertile are being forced to somehow make ends meet nam era veterans to participate in certain vet­ couples sought treatment in 1982. on 1978 milk prices. State dairy economists erans programs. The measure also allows an Adoption is an equally costly procedure, estimate that the $10.16 price will cause Wis­ individual serving on active duty who is within averaging about $10,000 per child. Although consin's gross farm receipts to drop by $500 180 days of discharge-other than dishonor­ over 40 percent of adoptable children are to $700 million. able-to take advantage of educational and blacks, minority would-be parents have been I want to register today my deep concern vocational counseling programs. deterred by the high costs of adoption. and alarm about the current situation. I hope H.R. 180 encompasses three bills that the Requiring insurance coverage for infertility to wqrk with my colleagues and with the new House of Representatives passed at the end and adoption-related medical expenses will Secretary of Agriculture, our friend, EDWARD of the 101st Congress. When we adjourned have minimal impact on insurance costs. For MADIGAN, to design dairy policies which guar­ last October, I was disappointed that so much example, in Massachusetts the Family-Build­ antee a reasonable income for the Nation's of the veterans legislation I supported was not ing Act costs Blue Cross/Blue Shield $0.54 dairy farmers, particularly those hurting the enacted into law. This Nation's veterans per family per month. most: Those family dairy farmers in Wisconsin, should not be penalized for Congress' inac­ It is time we acknowledge that there are dif­ the Nation's dairy State. tion. ferent ways to build a family, and we should However, I am extremely pleased that the do every thing we can to assist parents who House is moving quickly in the 102d Congress would like to have children. Passing the Fed­ VISITING NURSE SERVICE to redress the situation. I commend Chairman eral Employees Family-Building Act is a step MONTGOMERY and ranking minority member in the right direction. HON. RONALD K. MACHTI.EY BoB STUMP for their diligence in serving the OF RHODE ISLAND IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES needs of veterans across the country. 1991 GROUNDHOG'S DAY Now, more than ever, we must demonstrate PROCLAMATION Wednesday, February 6,1991 our support to the men and women who have Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today sacrifiCed so much to ensure our freedom. HON. WllliAM F. CUNGER, JR. in recognition of Dolores Carbonetti and the As hundreds of thousands of Americans ful­ OF PENNSYLVANIA Visiting Nurse Service. Ms. Carbonetti, execu­ fill their duties in the Middle East, we must live IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tive director of the Visiting Nurse Service has, up to our responsibility and ensure that upon during her 14 years of devoted service, sent their return, these brave men and women will Wednesday, February 6, 1991 the message of caring out to the community. be able to pursue education and vocational Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Speaker, on February 2, The Visiting Nurse Service has been providing training opportunities. the original and only true groundhog, Punx- volunteer health care for the communities of February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3453 Pawtucket, Lincoln, Central Falls, and Cum­ Louisville, KY chapter of the National Defense versity in Murfreesboro, TN, has boasted a berland since 1911. Transportation Association, vice president of string of outstanding leaders. The Visiting Nurse Service has not confined the Laymen's Retreat League in Sierra Madre, This month, Dr. James E. Walker takes his its care to any one age or condition. They ad­ grand navigator of RONDA Caravan of the place in MTSU history as its eighth president. minister care for children or adults in post­ Order of the Alhambra, as well as being an He already has made an impression that operative or hospitalization conditions. They active participant in numerous other clubs. promises more good things to come. concentrate on education of patients and fam­ In all of the above activities Eunice was al­ Dr. Walker startled University officials when ily members alike. ways at John's side to council, to assist, and he came for a day-long visit and interview as The Visiting Nurse Service has participated to support. There's has indeed been a loving one of four finalists to replace retiring presi­ in special projects such as prenatal care and and companionable relationship. My wife, Lee, dent Dr. Sam H. Ingram. Dr. Walker calmly hospice care. They have also shown a com­ joins me in saluting the Falbes. explained that he already had spent 6 hours mitment to the elderly by their dedication to on the MTSU campus, taking the trip on his adult day care in the communities of Lincoln own to see the university firsthand. and Pawtucket, Rl. NANCY AND RICHARD ETTER HON­ Posing as the father of a prospective stu­ The week of February 1~ 16 is Visiting ORED AT KNIGHT OF THE GAEL dent or an older graduate student, Dr. Walker Nurse Association Week. It is with great pleas­ visited several campus facilities, spoke with ure that I offer special recognition to Delores HON. JAMES H. BILBRA Y students and administrators, and sat in on Carbonetti and the Visiting Nurse Service dur­ OF NEVADA classes. He liked what he found. His hands-on ing this week. I wish Ms. Carbonetti and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES approach impressed university leaders. Visiting Nurse Service the best of luck in their Dr. Walker has shown initiative throughout Wednesday, February 6, 1991 future endeavors. his career. He comes to MTSU after 3 years Mr. BILBRAY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to as vice president for academic affairs and pro­ pay tribute to two great citizens of the State of vost of the University of Northern Colorado. A CONGRESSIONAL ANNIVERSARY Nevada. I speak of Nancy and Richard Etter. Prior to joining the administration at Northern SALUTE TO JOHN AND EUNICE On March 5, 1991, these two outstanding Colorado, Dr. Walker served 7 years as dean FALBE members of the Las Vegas community will be of the school of education at California State honored at the annual Knight of the Gael University-Hayward. HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON sponsored by Bishop Gorman High School. From 1977 until 1980, he chaired the De­ OF CALIFORNIA The Etters have had a broad range of in­ partment of Specialized Educational Develop­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES volvement in the civic and business commu­ ment at Illinois State University. nity of Las Vegas. Nancy has served as a val­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 He also worked as a school teacher in At­ uable member and leader of the Junior lanta, been assistant professor of special edu­ Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today League of Las Vegas, Women's Hospital, the cation at Southern Illinois University­ to pay tribute to a remarkable couple, John J. New Horizons Auxilliary, and the Assistance Edwardsville, served as adjunct professor of Falbe, Sr., and Eunice Walters Falbe. On Fet::r League of Las Vegas. She has excelled in special education at the University of Ala­ ruary 25, 1991, the Falbes will be celebrating these organizations, helping needy school­ bama; and been assistant superintendent of their 50th wedding anniversary. This occasion children, children with learning disabilities, and Bryce Hospital in Tuscaloosa, AL. gives me the opportunity to extend my sincere provided her leadership in helping to guide He earned his bachelor's degree in biology congratulations to John and Eunice for achiev­ these organizations to success. at Alabama State University and a master's ing this tremendous milestone. They are in­ Richard has distinguished himself as a degree in education of exceptional children at deed, a unique couple. member of the Las Vegas business commu­ Atlanta University, where he also did post­ John and Eunice began as childhood sweet­ nity as the president of Valley Capital Corp. master's work. He earned an Ed.D. in edu­ hearts in Racine, WI. They were blessed with and as chairman of the board and chief exec­ cation of exceptional children from Penn State three children, John Falbe, Jr., Barbara Karas, utive officer of the Valley Bank of Nevada. University. and Norma Marsalis. The Falbes also have During -his tenure of 25 years, he has helped With his experience at all levels of edu­ four grandchildren, Ryan, Jonathan, and Lisa to shape Valley Bank into one of the bedrocks cation, Dr. Walker brings a new era to the uni­ Marsalis, and Jennifer Falbe. of southern Nevada. In addition he has lent versity. His leadership will prepare MTSU and At the time they were married in 1941 , John his time to groups such as the Boulder Dam its students for the next century. was a sergeant in the Regular Army. Commis­ Area Council Boy Scouts of America, the Unit­ Dr. Walker may have said it best when he sioned a second lieutenant in May 1943, John ed Way of southern Nevada, and the Las told the Daily News Journal in Murfreesboro 1 served 3 h years during World War II in Eng­ Vegas Founders Club. He has teamed up with that, "I'm used to firsts; I prefer being first." land, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, his wife to turn the Las Vegas Invitational Golf That attitude is good for MTSU, it's good for 1 Trinidad, and the British West Indies plus 1 h Tournament into the event that it has become. Tennessee and it's good for education. years immediately before and immediately Nancy and Richard Etter exemplify the com­ after World War II in Germany and Trinidad. mitment to family, work, and community that John retired from the Army on March 31 , all of us should strive to emulate. I join my fel­ TRIBUTE TO RONALD E. OLSZOWY 1957, in the grade of major after 23 years of low Nevadan's in honoring these two highly THE AMERICAN CANCER SOCI­ active duty. respected individuals. It is my hope that others ETY'S FIRST ANNUAL "MAN OF John and Eunice currently live in San will follow in their footsteps and become proud THE YEAR'' Pedro, CA, and are both working as interstate examples to their communities in the same claims adjusters for a moving company. In the manner that Nancy and Richard Etter have HON. ROBERT ~ ROE 30 years that they have lived in San Pedro, become. OF NEW JERSEY the Falbes have been extremely active. Eu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nice has always been supportive of John's nu­ merous fraternal, service, and community ac­ DR. JAMES E. WALKER THE Wednesday, February 6, 1991 tivities. John's commitment to these activities EIGHTH PRESIDENT OF MIDDLE Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, it is with the greatest can be seen by looking at the impressive list TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY pride and admiration that I rise today to salute of positions that he has held. He served six a truly outstanding individual from my Eighth terms as president of the San Pedro Chapter HON. BART GORDON Congressional District whose dedication and of the Retired Officers' Association, three OF TENNESSEE commitment to the goals of the American Can­ terms as commander of the Long Beach IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cer Society and his community have truly mer­ Chapter of the Military Order of the World ited him this great honor as the first annual Wars, and eight terms as district national serv­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 "Man of the Year''. ice chairman of the California-Hawaiian Elks Mr. GORDON. Mr. Speaker, in its illustrious I am speaking of Ronald E. Olszowy, of Association. He was also an organizer of the 80-year history, Middle Tennessee State Uni- Passaic, NJ, whose deep involvement in his 3454 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 community for several years has earned him CONGRESS MUST REMAIN VIGI­ As the Washington Post commented after the honor of "Man of the Year" by the Amer­ LANT IN HELPING THE RESI­ he lost the election in Wisconsin's Second ican Cancer Society of Passaic County. For all DENTS OF LOGAN Congressional District last November, Bob he has done, Ronald Olszowy will be honored Kastenmeier was a "a staunch defender of by the American Cancer Society at the HON. TIIOMAS M. FOGUE'ITA civil liberties who worked for prison reform, pri­ Meadowlands Hilton on Saturday, February 9, OF PENNSYLVANIA vacy protection, free press and an enlightened 1991. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES criminal justice system. He also took on com­ Mr. Speaker, I know that this event will be Wednesday, February 6, 1991 plicated subjects that rarely make headlines, a source of great pride, not only to Ronald, becoming the leading House expert on patents Mr. FOGLIETTA. Mr. Speaker, this week, but his devoted wife Margaret and their two and copyrights and shouldering such unpleas­ the city of Philadelphia will observe the 5-year children, Linnes and Ronald, Jr.; to his many anniversary of an unusual urban disaster that ant tasks as the impeachment of wayward friends and colleagues who will be on hand still plagues the city and its residents. Five judges." Saturday to honor him; Arnold Speert and his years ago, following a gas explosion, it was Bob Kastenmeier became the second rank­ lovely wife Myrna, as well as A.J. Fusco, an­ discovered that many of the homes in the ing member of the House Judiciary Committee other one of Ronald's dear friends brought to­ Logan neiphborhood of Philadelphia were lit­ and is remembered by many for his contribu­ gether for this occasion. erally sinki• ;g into the ground. tions during the impeachment hearings on Mr. Speaker, Ronald E. Olszowy, has been In the early 1920's, these homes were im­ President Richard M. Nixon in connection with involved in many various careers, politics, properly built on an extremely unstable ash the Watergate scandal. clubs and organizations within his lifetime. He and cinder base adjacent to a shifting under­ His contributions to a stronger Federal court began his career in the U.S. Army as a mili­ ground stream. Over the decades, the fill has system are widely recognized by judges and tary policeman for the Defense Atomic Sup­ been partially washed away and condensed, lawyers all over the United States. Chief Jus­ port Agency from 1968 through 1970 where causing many of the homes to subside. tice William Rehnquist called him a "good he was decorated for heroism and credited Today, it is estimated that over 1,000 friend of the Federal judicial system." And with saving the life of another soldier. homes will eventually be affected by this cri­ Chief Judge Abner Mikva of the U.S. Federal After leaving the Army he became the presi­ sis. Hundreds of families have been forced to Court of Appeals in Washington said: "Nobody dent of Nationwide Bail Bonds, a company relocate, and hundreds more await relocation. up there has his knowledge, understanding, which specializes in bail bonds and all other Day by day the subsidence problems facing and sensitivity about the judiciary." In 1988, types of bonds including performance, license, Philadelphia homeowners worsen. Serious util­ the American Judicature Society gave him its permit and all other miscellaneous surety and ity failures, a product of the collapsing homes, Justice Award for his contributions to improv­ fidelity bonds. Ronald's involvement with this make staying in the homes dangerous and ing the administration of justice. successful business continues today along forces homeowners to seek alternative shelter. It is just and fitting for the U.S. courthouse It is imperative that action be taken as quickly with his ownership of the Interstate Insurance in Madison to be named after Bob Kasten­ as possible to relocate the Logan families. Agency, a full service multi-line agency spe­ meier. Mr. Speaker, I am proud of the people of cializing in commercial insurance and REO. Logan who have pulled together throughout Technologies, a company which promotes and this ordeal. They have successfully argued sells modular stainless-steel prison cells. their cause and have rightly won our admira­ CONTINUED REPRESSION IN CHINA As the son of my good friend the late As­ tion. semblyman Emil Olszowy, Ronald has also Everyone involved in this effort has made a had the opportunity to work on several impor­ praiseworthy and commendable start-but we HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER tant political campaigns within the county in are far from finished. It is estimated that the the past two decades including campaign total replacement cost for the Logan residents OF ILLINOIS manager for his father. This prestigious start will be over $50 million. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES enabled him to work closely with several other We in Congress must remain vigilant in our assemblymen in the State and finally as city effort to continue providing Federal aid. The Wednesday, February 6, 1991 coordinator for Tom Kean during his guber­ city of Philadelphia and the State of Penn­ Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, while the civ­ natorial election. sylvania must carry on in their efforts for addi­ ilized world confronts Saddam Hussein in the Along with this list of ventures in the political tional moneys for the residents of Logan. Even Persian Gulf, the barbarians of Beijing try their realm, Ronald also supported various clubs in these times of fiscal restraint, we must not best and brightest for daring to dream the and organizations within his career: The Pas- let our commitment to the people of Logan dream of freedom and democracy for their · . saic County Republican Club, Rosol Dul waiver. It is vital that we help these residents country. America Legion Post 359, as well as a mem­ return to normal lives. In a perverse kind of way, it is fascinating to ber of the Viking Crew, the President's Club of watch the hard-core Communist of China and William Paterson College, William Paterson LEGISLATION TO NAME U.S. the Soviet Union swim against the tides of his­ College Alumni Association, and past presi­ COURTHOUSE IN MADISON, WI tory and human progress and attempt to keep dent of St. Clare's Home and School Associa­ the people under their thumbs. tion. The list goes on quite extensively but in HON. DAVID R. OBEY They will of course, succeed in the short summation shows a man dedicated to the term and fail in the long. But they will only fail OF WISCONSIN causes in which he involves himself. in the long term so long as we continue to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, it is citizens such as Ronald E. make freedom and self determination at the Olszowy who contribute so much to the busi­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 forefront of our foreign policy. ness and social fabric of our communities. I Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, the entire Wiscon­ On dealing with the regime in Beijing and appreciate the opportunity to present a brief sin congressional delegation and several other the reactionaries in Moscow, we have no mili­ profile of a man who has given so much of Members are introducing legislation today to tary option, but we have a host of economic, himself to his community, State and Nation, name the U.S. courthouse in Madison the diplomatic, political and moral levers to work. and who has immeasurably improved his Robert W. Kastenmeier United States Court­ The Congressional Human Rights Caucus will world through his innumerable contributions­ house. continue to be in the forefront bearing a mes­ Ronald E. Olszowy, recipient of the first an­ For 32 years, Bob Kastenmeier was the sage of truth and freedom to people of con­ nual American Cancer Society, Passaic Coun­ voice of integrity and justice in the House. science and good will across the globe. ty Chapter, "Man of the Year." Time and time again he cast difficult votes be­ cause of his deeply held beliefs, particularly his opposition to U.S. military involvement in the Vietnam war and the Persian Gulf. February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3455 H. RES. 51 cil and served in that capacity until his election remarkable couple who have devoted their tal­ as secretary-treasurer of the Minnesota AFL­ ents and energies to enriching the lives 9f so HON. SANDER M. LEVIN CIO in 1978. In 1985, he was elected presi­ many other people. In this time, when family OF MICHIGAN dent of the Minnesota AFL-CIO. chaos seems to be the rule rather than the ex­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Even the labor movement's harshest critics ception, it is encouraging to see a happy cou­ acknowledge its central historical role in elimi­ Wednesday, February 6,1991 ple like Bob and Flo reach this tremendous nating sweatshops, improving health and safe­ milestone. We wish Bob and Flo, their daugh­ Mr. LEVIN of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, I am ty, and winning livable wages for workers. ters, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren all proud to cosponsor H. Res. 51, which estalr Many people don't realize that the labor move­ the best in the years to come. lishes in the House of Representatives the Se­ ment has also been in the forefront of such lect Committee on Children, Youth, and Fami­ major issues as health care, education, lies. The resolution authorizes the committee consumer protection, and environmental pro­ to study problems relating to income mainte­ tection. IN SUPPORT OF OUR VETERANS nance, health, nutrition, education, welfare, In Minnesota, labor supported the State AND CURRENT MILITARY PER­ employment, and recreation. It also permits Superfund law of 1982 to clean up hazardous SONNEL the committee to encourage the development waste sites. Labor also spearheaded the suc­ of public and private programs and policies to cessful campaign to win right to know legisla­ assist children and youth in taking a full part tion, requiring that workers be informed about HON. JACK flELDS in national life and becoming productive citi­ dangerous substances at work and be taught OF TEXAS zens. Finally, the committee may review ways how to respond to chemical spills and other to coordinate Government and private pro­ accidents involving hazardous materials in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grams that address the problems of childhood workplace. Danny was a leader in this effort and adolescence. and he deserves a great deal of credit for this Wednesday, February 6, 1991 The work of this committee could not be accomplishment. Mr. FIELDS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ex­ more timely. While many of us prospered dur­ The Minnesota AFL-CIO is an active part­ press my strong support for H.R. 555 and ing the 1980's, clearly millions of children and ner with the other institutions in our State in H.R. 556, which passed the House last week. families did not. A recent article published in improving the quality of life for all Minneso­ Unfortunately, I was unavoidably detained at the Detroit Free Press illustrates this fact all tans. Throughout his entire adult life, Danny Houston Intercontinental Airport due to poor too vividly, painting a grim picture of the plight Gustafson has been in the forefront of these weather and was therefore prevented from of Michigan's ·2.4 million children, 1 in 5 of endeavors. casting a vote in favor of these two bills. I whom lives below the Federal poverty level. Mr. Speaker, Danny has excelled as a labor want to make clear that my failure to vote on The article summarizes a report prepared by leader and has taken great pride in his work. these measures in no way demonstrates a the Michigan Department of Public Health, As he enters his well-earned retirement I want lack of support for these two important bills. which compared the period 1980-82 with to thank him for all the good things he has I am pleased that we passed these bills that 1986-88 and found that most indicators of done for the people of my State. I wish him help our troops-past and present. Current child health had worsened. These include the luck in his future endeavors and congratulate conditions only serve as a potent reminder of low birth weight rate, the birth rate among him on his past achievements. teens, and the violent death rate. Other meas­ past wars when we, as Americans, had to ures that had once been steadily improving, stand together for freedom and democarcy. such as the percentage of women receiving A CONGRESSIONAL ANNIVERSARY We must remember that freedom is never prenatal care and the infant mortality rate, SALUTE TO BOB AND FLO HOFF­ safe, human rights are never guaranteed. It is ceased to record significant gains or were un­ MAN easy to forget how fragile our way of life is. changed. As we see the sacrifices that our soldiers These shocking findings, which I sadly sus­ HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON are making for us in the Persian Gulf, it is im-. pect could be duplicated elsewhere in this Na­ OF CALIFORNIA portant that we take a few moments to thank tion, demand our attention. Although these IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the soldiers of past wars. These brave men problems often seem to defy solution, we must Wednesday, February 6,1991 and women answered the call of duty to our never stop looking for ways to address them. Nation in its time of desperate need, just as I believe that the Select Committee on Chil­ Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay our soliders are doing today. They served in dren, Youth, and Families can continue to tribute to Bob and Flo Hoffman. On February the proud tradition of the United States that make a significant contribution to our search 15, 1991, the Hoffmans will be celebrating began with the Revolution and continues their 50th wedding anniversary. This occasion for information and answers, and I, therefore, today. gives me the opportunity to extend my sincere strongly support this resolution. I am pleased that the House of Representa­ congratulations for their many years of unending commitment to each other and their tives was able to reach a compromise and pass agent orange legislation. We all know TRffiUTE TO DANNY GUSTAFSON family. Bob and Flo were both bom and raised in that a vast amount of work went into this legis­ HON. MARTIN OLAV SABO Cincinnati, OH. They were blessed with three lation and this issue throughout the years. The daughters, Kay Ann, Karen Sue, and Kathie members of the Committee on Veterans' Af­ OF MINNESOTA fairs should be commended for their hard work IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Joe. The Hoffmans also have seven grand­ children and four great-grandchildren. and dedication on this issue. Wednesday, February 6, 1991 After Bob served in the U.S. Navy during In addition, H.R. 555 is the least we can do Mr. SABO. Mr. Speaker, I would like to-take World War II, the Hoffmans moved to the Los for our brave soldiers and their families. This this opportunity to honor Mr. Dan Gustafson, a Angeles area. Since then, aside from being bill provides reservists on active duty with pro­ good friend and constituent of mine, who is re­ special parents and grandparents, the two tection in court proceedings and protection tiring from the presidency of the Minnesota have been active participants in local organi­ from adverse action by creditors. It also pro­ AFL-CIO this year. zations. They currently live in the San Rafel tects their dependents from eviction by raising The Minnesota AFL-CIO has been a vital Mobile Home Estates in Harbor City, CA, the maximum rental delinquency from $150 to force in the life of all Minnesotans for over 100 where Flo is involved in the park's activities $1,200. years. And Danny has been active in it all his and organizations and Bob is a member of the Again, I rise in strong support of these adult life. He started in the bulding trades as Los Angeles-Harbor Masonic Lodge, No. 332 measure, of our veterans, and of our future a young plasterer and soon became the busi­ of San Pedro and of the Scottish Rite of Free veterans serving in the Persian Gulf. ness representative for the Plasterers Union. Masonry of Long Beach. In 1966, he was elected business representa­ My wife, Lee, joins me in extending our con­ tive for the Minneapolis Building Trades Coun- gratulations to the Hoffmans. They are truly a 3456 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 NATIONAL LAW ENFORCEMENT MORE FUNDS, BE'ITER FOCUSING The key to making the program a success MEMORIAL DAY NEEDED IN WAR AGAINST DRUGS is to replace the production of coca leaves with other cash crops. If this cannot be done, HON.MA~J.mN~ then the money can be better spent on pro­ HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL OF NEW JERSEY grams that have proven themselves. Let us fight the war on drugs with programs that OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, February 6, 1991 produce results. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. RINALDO. Mr. Speaker, President Wednesday, February 6,1991 Bush's proposal to Congress to increase fund­ LEWIS RUDIN: PART OF THE SUC­ Mr. RANGEL Mr. Speaker, it is with pride ing for the Nation's war on drugs by· 11 per­ CESS BEHIND RUDIN MANAGE­ that I am today introducing in the House of cent sends a reassuring message that the MENT Representatives a House joint resolution to Persian Gulf war has not diverted attention designate October 15, 1991, as National law from this important battle on the homefront. HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL In the first year of the President's antidrug Enforcement Memorial Day. I have selected OF NEW YORK strategy we have witnessed some impressive this date because it corresponds with the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gains as well as a few setbacks in this difficult Wednesday, February 6, 1991 scheduled completion date of the National fight. On the positive side, according to both Law Enforcement Officers Memorial in Octo­ public and private sources, use of cocaine, Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ber 1991. The memorial will be situated at Ju­ heroin, and other drugs among young people bring to your attention and to the attention of diciary Square in Washington, DC. is dropping sharply. Prevention and education my colleagues, a story which appeared re­ In calendar year 1990, there were over 700 programs are working to slow down demand cently in Crain's New York Business about murders in the metropolitan Washington, DC for drugs. Law enforcement efforts that have one of New York's chief developers, head of area. Not all of these crimes were drug relat­ targeted major drug dealers also are having a the association for a better New York, and ed, but many of them were. As our society positive effect. certainly one of my dearest friends, Lew has become more violent, law enforcement of­ On the other hand, it has been difficult to re­ Rudin. fiCers are correspondingly placed at greater claim inner-city neighborhoods where drug turf His "never-say-die" attitude and his love for risk in performing their daily duties. wars, cocaine-addicted mothers, and young the Big Apple, have made Rudin Manage­ My colleagues, here are a few facts which drug hustlers are the predominant features of ment, which he owns and operates with his may be of interest to you. In America, there daily street life. brother Jack, one of New York's biggest suc­ are over 500,000 peace-law enforcement­ We need to increase funds for prevention cess stories. The article follows: officers. According to the law enforcement me­ and treatment, and I am supporting the Presi­ [From Crain's New York Business] morial fund, over the last 10 years over 1,500 dent's proposal to raise funds for treatment by 10 percent to $1.7 billion next year, and by RUDIN: ONE DEVELOPER WHO LEARNED FROM Jaw enforcement officers have been killed in 1970's the line of duty. In 1989, the last full year for $1.5 billion or 5 percent more for prevention and drug education. (By Peter Grant) which statistics are available, 148 officers During New York's dark years in the mid- were killed in the line of duty. Preliminary fig­ Persuading young people of the dangers of drug abuse through education programs will 1970s, real estate developer Lewis Rudin ures for 1990, are that 119 enforcement per­ pay for itself several times over in money emerged as one of the Big Apple's chief sonnel officers were killed performing their du­ cheerleaders. saved on welfare, unemployment, prison, and In today's slump he's at it again, cajoling ties. health care. Each year over 60,000 Jaw enforcement offi­ businesses to stay, attacking the city's crit­ However, we cannot solve the problem of ics and trying to unite labor, business and cers are assaulted by criminals, which results drug abuse by simply throwing money in all di­ government leaders. But there's one impor­ in over 20,000 officers being injured. The war rections. Funding must be carefully focused, tant difference between then and now. in the Persian Gulf is the leading news story and programs that are not working should be The Rudin family's company in the 1970s of the day. When a soldier is killed, not only revised or eliminated. was one of many struggling to stay afloat. he is affected, but his family and loved ones Weak demand for apartments and office That is why I would urge my colleagues as space forced Rudin Management Co. to re­ suffer as well. It is exactly the same, for the well as the Office of Drug Policy to reassess structure loans on two projects. families of peace officers killed or injured in the antidrug aid program for three Andean Today, in contrast, Rudin is one of the the line of duty. countries-Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru. This healthiest real estate operations in the city. Section 1 of the resolution would designate old program is intended to induce farmers in Its award-winning new development at 1675 Tuesday, October 15, 1991, as National law the Andean region to switch from growing Broadway is almost completely leased. The Enforcement Memorial Day, and section 2 coca leaves to other crops. The administration company has rented practically all of its has committed $2.2 billion over the next 4 4,000 or so apartments. would request President Bush to issue and Even the company's biggest headache, publish in the Federal Register an appropriate years to this effort. caused by the bankruptcy of Drexel proclamation designating Tuesday, October Money that has gone to this aid program in Burnham Lambert Inc., is not too serious. 15, 1991 , as National law Enforcement Me­ the past, however, does not seem well spent. The defunct securities firm has left Rudin morial Day. Coca production has increased, and the three with a practically empty building at 55 During the President's State of the Union Andean countries are backing away from their Broad St. but the 410,000-square-foot tower has relatively light debt: only S8 million. Address the loudest and most prolonged ap­ commitment to reduce it. The governments of the three nations are "We think we're in reasonably good shape plause was for America's men and women reluctant to crack down on the coca growers to withstand this storm," says the 63-year­ serving in the Persian Gulf. This spontaneous because of the few alternatives available to old Mr. Rudin, who, with his brother Jack, outburst demonstrated that the Congress is owns a portfolio of New York's apartment small farmers in the region's economy. The and office buildings worth more than $2.5 bil­ united in supporting our men and women who coca trade is vital to so much of the popu­ have placed their lives in danger in the Per­ lion, encumbered by less than $800 million in lation of the Andes region that the govern­ debt. sian Gulf war. Should we be any less united ments risk civil war by continuing efforts to The relative prosperity of Rudin Manage­ in supporting peace officers who place their suppress it. ment shows how experience and long-term lives in danger fighting crime here in America? In Bolivia, for example, special antidrug task perspective can make the difference in a real I urge all Members who wish to demonstrate forces have run into armed resistance from estate slump. The family has cultivated a support for law enforcement officers serving in top-notch reputation with tenants that have coca growing farmers. As a result, Bolivian of­ helped keep its office-vacancy rate down to their districts to cosponsor this resolution. ficials have requested that the drug funds, about 7% while the rest of the market is hov­ amounting to $198 million to fiscal year, be ering around 20%. transferred for use in fighting pollution and to With its 1970s perspective, the Rudins pro­ reforestation efforts. ceeded cautiously during the go-go Eighties February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3457 while many less-experienced developers got "We have lent a lot of money to the Rudins The members of the Eastside Alliance are caught up in the building euphoria. The fam­ and we'll be happy to do more," says Michael not afraid to roll up their sleeves and take on ily remembered that markets can swing both Hegarty, Manny Hanny group executive. hard challenges. Alliance members have es­ ways. Nevertheless, the older generation has tablished programs like the community em­ taken pains to limit the company's exposure. "Real estate is a game of musical chairs," ployment project, which has successfully Mr. Rudin says. "In the early Seventies Between 1975 and 1986 the family developed when the music stopped, we had an empty only two office towers, 560 Lexington Ave. worked with many individuals seeking employ­ building, and I never wanted that to happen and 40 E. 52nd St. When plans for 1675 Broad­ ment to counsel, match, and place them in again." way were being drafted, Mr. Rudin insisted jobs; Eastside paint up, which provides home­ The Rudin family's experience stretches that they not waste time seeking zoning owners with assistance and material to paint back to the early 1900s when Samuel Rudin, changes. the exterior of area homes; and, civic, public, Lewis and Jack's father, began buying apart­ With New York turning into a boom town, and private neighborhood renovation partner­ ment buildings in Manhattan and the Bronx. "the game plan was to build it quick," he ships, which have provided support and fi­ By the time he died in 1975, the family owned says. "I was concerned about the craziness nancing for revitalizing vacant residential build­ 12 office towers and 30 apartment buildings going on in the business." These days it's civic disorder Mr. Rudin is ings and commercial properties. In addition, at such tony addresses as 345 Park Ave., 110 the alliance has begun actively to pursue a Wall St. and 945 Fifth Ave. trying to confront. Free from the preoccupa­ By never selling a building, the family at­ tions of workout meetings with bankers or program of public safety awareness. tracted a loyal following of tenants. Residen­ other distractions facing developers like Recently, the members of the Eastside Alli­ tial brokers say that even in tough markets Donald Trump, Mr. Rudin has been able to ance came together to recognize individuals demand has remained high for apartments in focus more of his attention on helping the who had made special contributions during the Rudin buildings. city out of its current fiscal mess. previous year. At that time, awards were pre­ Meanwhile, the family's management style CIVIC-MINDED DEVELOPER sented to Eastside Alliance Volunteers of the and slightly below market rents has enabled As he sits in his office surrounded by pho­ Year: Walter Fortson of the Bloomfield Gar­ it to renew office leases despite the efforts tographs of him with presidents, mayors, field Corp.; Barbara Schimmel of the Bloom­ by the competition to lure tenants away. governors and heads of state, many of his field Lawrenceville Lioness Club; Rick Booth Most recently, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. and calls are as Lew Rudin, head of the Associa­ of the Bloomfield Lawrenceville Lions Club; KPMG Peat Marwick renewed for more than tion for a Better New York and a member of 1.2 million square feet at 345 Park Ave. a wide range of civic groups. Vera George of the Friendship Baptist Church; Mr. Rudin recently called Scientific Amer­ He's trying to bring together labor, busi­ Eve Picker of the Friendship Development As­ ican Inc. when that long-time tenant was on ness and government leaders in the same sociation; Margaret Magill of the Lawrenceville the verge of moving out of 415 Madison Ave. way that they united to save New York dur­ Bloomfield Meals on Wheels; Jim Foley of the "I said after 30 years at least give me the ing the 1970s. He's also launched attacks Lawrenceville Business Association; Mary satisfaction of trying to meet the competi­ against the upsurge in bad publicity batter­ Zajac of the Lawrenceville Citizens Corp.; tion," Mr. Rudin says. The magazine re­ ing New York and local critics of the city. Donna Couch of the Lawrenceville Develop­ newed, doubling its space. Earlier this month he resigned from the Citi­ ment Corp.; Anne New of the Lawrenceville The Rudin reputation has also helped the zens Budget Commission because of that Historical Society; Mary Meyers of the Polish watchdog group's "unconstructive" criticism firm attract new tenants in the toughest Hill Civic Association; Rev. Keith Grill of the leasing market in close to 20 years. The ad­ of a tentative labor pact reached by the St. Francis Medical Center; parishioners who vertising agency D'Arcy Masius Benton & Dinkins administration. Bowles Inc. decided to become the first ten­ Mr. Rudin's boosterism never stops. Louis work with the addicted, at the St. Mary's ant in 1675 Broadway partly because it knew Somoza, a longtime staff member, remem­ Roman Catholic Church; and Mattie Howard of the ownership would not change. bers the two of them were once on their way the Trinity Baptist Church. to a business meeting and came across a pile Each of these individuals and organizations A GATHERING OF THE CLAN of trash. can be proud of their contributions to the suc­ "I'll never forget when I went over to sign "He's in his suit and started throwing it cess of the Eastside Alliance. Without their away," Mr. Somoza says. "You better believe the lease the whole family was there," re­ dedication and hard work, our community calls Michael D. Moore, DMB&B senior vice I started helping him." president. "One of the daughters was preg­ would not be the wonderful place that it is nant and Lew pointed to her stomach and today. Unquestionably, there is still a lot to do, said, 'When the lease is over this is whom HONORING EASTSIDE ALLIANCE but evidence of what has already been ac­ you'll be negotiating with next.'" VOLUNTEERS complished is visible to everyone in Pittsburgh Some of the Rudins' expertise has been today. hard won. During the late 1960s and early HON. WIWAM J. COYNE Special recognition was provided to 1970s, the family developed five buildings. Eastsider of the Year, Tony Finizio. Over Suddenly demand dried up, leaving the OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES many years, Tony h~s brought a quiet sense Rudins with a practically empty office build­ of dedication to his work with many community ing at 41 Madison Ave. and a new apartment Wednesday, February 6, 1991 building at 211 E. 70th St. that was only 20% organizations, and has been willing to take on rented. Mr. Rudin says he had to ask the Mr. COYNE. Mr. Speaker, I would like to numerous leadership positions with a variety lenders on the two projects-Manufacturers share with the House today an encouraging of groups. A U.S. Navy machinist during World Hanover Trust Co. and Irving Bank Corp., re­ report of Pittsburgh residents who are working War II, Tony Finizio has volunteered his en­ spectively-to restructure the financing. together in volunteer efforts to improve their ergy to the Lawrenceville Planning Council, "I said these are good projects. Stick with neighborhoods. Lawrenceville Bloomfield Meals on Wheels, us and you'll get 100 cents on the dollar," The members of Pittsburgh's Eastside Alli­ the Bloomfield Lawrenceville Lions Club, the Mr. Rudin says. "And that's what hap­ ance are dedicated citizens who understand American Association of Retired Persons, and pened." the importance of individual commitment to many other active groups. So traumatic were the 1970s that Mr. Rudin and his brother were inclined to stay out of their local community. The Eastside Alliance is Another individual recognized for his unique new development for years. a coalition of organizations which have joined civic contributions was Dick Romano, recipient But a new generation of Rudins was grow­ together in a common effort to support and im­ of the Service to Youth Award. Dick founded ing up: Lewis' children, Bill and Beth, and prove their neighborhoods. the Bloomfield Youth Athletic Association in Jack's children, Eric and Madeline. All got Like many large urban centers, Pittsburgh is 1959. From its starting roster of four teams, involved in the business, and they pressed comprised of many diverse and vibrant local the association has grown today to two dozen their fathers to stay in development. neighborhoods, each with its own identity and with 450 players. He continues to help provide "To keep them excited about the business appeal. Active among the Eastside Alliance area children from ages 4 to 14 an opportunity we decided we ought to stay off the side­ are residents of Bloomfield, Friendship, Gar­ to enjoy and learn from team sport activities. lines," Mr. Rudin says. Financing was little trouble despite the field, Lawrenceville, and Polish Hill. Each of Dick Romano was also recently made a mem­ loan problems of the 1970s. In fact, Manny these neighborhoods contributes to the overall ber of the Bloomfield Sports Hall of Fame. Hanny, one of those lenders, was happy to community spirit of Pittsburgh, and helps Mr. Speaker, I am proud to represent each make new construction loans through the make our city a better place in which to live, of these neighborhoods, and the people from 1980s. work, and raise a family. every part of Pittsburgh and the 14th District 3458 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 7, 1991 of Pennsylvania. I salute the members of the sult of enemy action. That's all we'll con­ HONG KONG AFTER 1997: BEIJING Eastside Alliance, and commend them for their sider here. So if there are 5,000 casualties in MUST KEEP ITS PROMISE continuing contributions to their neighborhoods a particular "action," there might be 4,000 and the city of Pittsburgh. wounded in action, 1,000 killed in action (and probably some missing in action, which we'll HON. TOM CAMPBEll not consider here). But they're all casualties. U.S. WAR CASUALTIES While writing about infantry a few years OF CALIFORNIA ago, I got some casualty figures from both the Department of the Army and the U.S. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. LOUIS STOKES Army Military History Institute at Carlisle OF OHIO Barracks in Pennsylvania. Their figures IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES showed, among other things, that more than Wednesday, February 6, 1991 80 percent of all our casualties in our recent Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, the watchful eye wars have been infantrymen. This short table shows them: of the Congress and the people of the United States is focused on the men and women who U.S. WAR CASUALTIES wear the uniforms of our military and are fight­ ing courageously in the Persian Gulf. War Months of One of the issues of grave concern to many combat Americans is the human costs of this combat, particularly if there is a ground offensive. Moreover, African Americans constiMe as much as 30 percent of our front-line troops in the Persian Gulf. Casualty projections vary Totals ...... widely, but the bottom line is always the same-a ground offensive would inflict an • See text. enormous cost in casualties. Some interesting facts about these imper­ The Pentagon, which has inundated us with sonal figures: information about allied air and naval con­ WW I: though we were in the war for some quests, has been silent on possible infantry 19 months, the fighting that produced these casualties in a ground offensive. Furthermore, casualties took place in about 200 days from the number of body bags ordered by the De­ April to November, 1918. fense Department, and the number of hospital WW ll: There were some 112,776 additional beds and grave registration units in the theater Army Air Corps casual ties. The Air Force was a part of the Army in those days. of operations has reportedly been classified. Korea: thirty one thousand, four hundred The traditional solemn arrival ceremonies for eighty two men were killed in action; 82 per­ bodies returned to Dover Air Force Base in cent of them were infantrymen. Delaware, which are normally covered by the Vietnam: We were actually in Vietnam for media, have been canceled by the Defense 13 years, but the "heavy" fighting took place Department. from 1965 to 1971. Also, the Army had some Mr. Speaker, in spite of the fact that our All 28,862 killed in action in which my source did Volunteer Force has been described as the not break out infantry KIAs. It also showed highest quality we have ever had, there will be 12,931 Marines killed in action, 1,242 Navy additional casualties in Operation Desert and 552 Air Force. .storm. The Defense Department has esti­ Let's assume those Air Force casualty fig­ mated the number of casualties for operational ures are accurate, and let's also assume that and logistical planning. Yesterday, Lucian in the first month of a ground war in the Truscott, a writer for the Washington Post, Gulf· we had Infantry/Air Force KIAs in about the same ratio: 28,800/550. In a month West Point graduate, and commander of in­ of ground warfare in which the air forces fantry companies in the Korean war and in lose, say, 25 men, the Army would lose about Vietnam, provided some interesting facts re­ 1,300 killed of which 1,100 to 1,200 would be garding U.S. war casualties, in an article enti­ infantrymen. tled, "Spare the Infantry." I hope my col­ We have watched with pride and awe as the leagues will take a moment to read this candid young Air Force pilots (of all the coalition assessment. nations) have performed so well in our high­ [From the Washington Post, Feb. 6, 1991] tech war-and lost so few men. SPARE THE INFANTRY But my numbers show that a ground war (By Lucian K. Truscott ill) would be ugly, deadly, bloody and horrible. We must not become committed to it if there Gen. Colin Powell, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and Gen. H. Norman is any possibility at all of being able to de­ Schwarzkopf, commander of the forces in the feat Saddam Hussein with air and naval Gulf, have a common bond. Each wears the power and then simply using the ground Combat Infantry Badge. They served as in­ forces to move in and take over what's left fantrymen in combat in an earlier war. Per­ after the Iraqis move out of Kuwait or sur­ haps that combat service is having an influ­ render or whatever it is we will want them ence on the decision to delay the ground war to do. And we must not be tempted because so long as is militarily (and politically, I one or another service or branch of a service suppose) possible. Those two soldiers may wants to "get in the fight." not be able to recite the number of infantry­ Do we want another beautiful but sad men who have died in our past wars as I am black wall decorated with thousands of able to do in this piece. But they both know names-some 84 percent of which would be that those infantrymen became casualties at infantrymen? a frightening and disproportionate rate. First, a word of explanation: a casualty is a man who is lost to his unit, for whatever reason. But to get a Purple Heart he has to be a battle casualty, lost to his unit as a re- February 7, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3459 UKRAINIAN INDEPENDENCE ernment of Ukraine from fulfilling its demo­ ative venture with Barry University, in Miami cratic mandate. Shores. Also in our area is the Catholic Hos­ HON. C. CHRISTOPHER COX Despite its continued efforts to bring about pice, a cooperative effort St. Francis has with an end to the Ukrainian independence move­ Mercy Hospital and the archdiocese of Miami OF CALIFORNIA ment through illegal acts, the Soviet Govern­ to provide care for the terminally ill in their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment will never succeed in purging the desire homes. These Sisters provide the much-need­ Wednesday, February 6, 1991 for independence from the hearts of Ukrain­ ed support to the foundation by way of their Mr. COX of California. Mr. Speaker, January ians. The United States must continue its sup­ health care mission. has been a month of celebration for Ukrain­ port for Ukraine, a peace-loving nation seeking Mr. Speaker, they cannot do it alone. Spon­ ians around the world, and they have had its independence from a brutal imperial power. sored by Mr. A.W. Berry, St. Francis Hospital good reason to celebrate. January 22 marked will be holding their 40th annual dinner dance. the 73d anniversary of the independence of The event, celebrating the Franciscan Sisters' ST. FRANCIS HOSPITAL CELE­ ongoing tradition of compassionate health Ukraine from the Russian Empire. BRATES 65 YEARS OF SERVICE Tragically, however, the events of the past care, and the hospital's 65th anniversary, will seven decades overshadow this happy event. HON. ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN be held on February 16, 1991, at the Doral Almost immediately after achieving its inde­ Ocean Beach Resort, beginning at 7:30 p.m. OF FLORIDA With some 400 people anticipated to attend pendence, Ukraine was overrun by invading IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Red army forces. For over 70 years, Ukrain­ the Carnival in Venice celebration the Allegany ians have been forced to live in bondage, Wed·nesday, February 6, 1991 Franciscan Sisters will surely obtain some of under the rule of a long line of Communist ty­ Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, it gives the essential backing they need to continue rants. me great pleasure today to recognize a truly their mission. The repression of Ukraine did not cease at selfless organization in the south Florida com­ I would like to take this opportunity to thank the close of the Stalin years or during the munity. I am referring to the St. Francis Medi­ the Allegany Franciscan Sisters for providing Gorbachev era-it still goes on. While the cal and Health Care Foundation in Miami such an invaluable service to the south Florida world's eyes have been turned toward Sad­ Beach, FL. community. Also, I would like to thank the dam Hussein and his occupation of Kuwait, Founded in 1926, St. Francis Hospital would board of trustees and corporate officers of the Gorbachev has ordered thousands of troops to not be a reality without the charitable sponsor­ hospital: Jorge Cross, chairman; Howard usurp the power of the democratically elected ship of the Allegany Franciscan Sisters. The Setlin, vice chairman; Sister Jean Shively, independence minded Government of Ukraine. Sisters were invited to run the financially trou­ OSF, secretary and corporate vice president; Hardliners within the Soviet Government saw bled institution in 1927, and by 1929 they had Patrick Garrett, member and acting corporate to the arrest of Stepan Khmara, the deputy di­ assumed ownership. Of the 6 hospitals and 5 president; James J. Traitz, M.D., Daniel Top­ rector of the Ukrainian Supreme Soviet, on nursing homes now run by the Sisters across ping, Jr.; Richard Pakan, corporate treasurer; fabricated charges and falsified evidence. This the country, Miami is also blessed with a 150- and Donald Minervini, M.D., ex-officio mem­ move is a clear attempt to prevent the Gov- bed nursing home opened last fall in a cooper- ber.