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THE LIVING STONES of the HOLY LAND TRUST ______Registered Charity No — THE LIVING STONES OF THE HOLY LAND TRUST _________________________________________________ Registered Charity No. 1081204 'An ecumenical trust seeking to promote contacts between Christian Communities in Britain and those in the Holy Land and neighbouring countries.’ You are permitted to redistribute or reproduce all or part of the contents of the Yearbook in any form as long as it is for personal or academic purposes and non-commercial use only and that you acknowledge and cite appropriately the source of the material. You are not permitted to distribute or commercially exploit the content without the written permission of the copyright owner, nor are you permitted to transmit or store the content on any other website or other form of electronic retrieval system. The Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of the contents in its publications. However, the opinions and views expressed in its publications are those of the contributors and are not necessarily those of The Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust. The Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust Yearbook and its content are copyright of © The Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust. All rights reserved. [email protected] 1 Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust Yearbook 2019 2 Contributors Living StoneS Yearbook 2015 i Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust Yearbook 2015 ii Contributors Living StoneS Yearbook 2015 Martyrdom and Christian response to conflict in the Middle East Living StoneS of the hoLY Land truSt Registered charity no. 1081204 iii Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust Yearbook 2015 © Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust 2015 all rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Living Stones Yearbook 2015 First published 2015 by Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust (regd. Charity no. 1081204) www.livingstonesonline.org.uk ISbN 978 0 9552088 6 7 Managing Editor Leonard Harrow Editors Mary Grey Duncan Macpherson anthony o’Mahony Colin South Produced by Melisende Uk Ltd Printed and bound in england by 4edge Ltd iv Contributors CoNTeNTS Editorial ix Contributors xv rEClaiming Judaism from Zionism—Ilan Pappé 1 miChaEl Prior, thE ProfEssional and thE AmatEur: The BiBle and Colonialism. A Moral CritiquE— Michael Marten 8 PErfidious Albion: britain’s brokEn PromisEs and thE israEli/PalEstinian ConfliCt—Mary Grey 23 Zionism, Anti-sEmitism and thE biblE—Duncan Macpherson 41 PalEstinian libEration ThEology—Naim Ateek 57 bEing thErE/bEing with: rEflECtions on intErnational aCComPanimEnt in PalEstinE—Alwyn Knight 75 a rEflECtion: ArmEnians and othEr Christians at thE End of thE ottoman EmPirE and 100 yEars latEr—Leonard Harrow 97 thE imPaCt of thE gEnoCidE of 1915 on thE ArmEnian orthodox APostoliC ChurCh—Nerses Vrej Nersessian 118 thE ArmEnian gEnoCidE CEntEnnial: A Way forward? —Harry Hagopian 142 Christian EnCountErs with islam in history and modErn timEs: somE ThEologiCal rEflECtions—Ian Latham 160 to dEfEnd thE faith? ThEmEs and ConCEPts in thE writings of sayyid qutb and rowan Williams—Peter Colwell 182 v Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust Yearbook 2015 vi Contributors Living StoneS of the hoLY Land truSt ‘an ecumenical trust seeking to promote contacts between Christian communities in britain and those in the Holy Land and neighbouring countries.’ Our SPIRITUAL PATRONS include In the Middle East: archbishop elias Chacour, Melkite archbishop of Galilee bishop Suheil Dawani, anglican bishop in Jerusalem Hb Patriarch Gregorius III, Melkite Patriarch of antioch bishop Giantos-boulos Marcuzzo, Latin Patriarchal Vicar for Israel Patriarch emeritus Michel Sabbah, formerly Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem Hb Patriarch Fouad Twal, Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem archbishop Theodosios of Sebastia, Greek orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem (Nizar Hanna) Elsewhere: archbishop Yegishe Gizirian, armenian Church rt revd and rt Hon The Lord Hope of Thornes, formerly archbishop of York Cardinal Cormac Murphy o’Connor, formerly archbishop of Westminster archbishop Vincent Nichols, archbishop of Westminster Canon Paul oestreicher, anglican and Society of Friends revd kathleen richardson, baroness richardson of Calow, former President of Methodist Conference and Moderator of the Free Church Federal Council bishop Desmond Tutu, former archbishop of Cape Town The Most reverend kallistos, Metropolitan of Diokleia (Timothy Ware) vii Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust Yearbook 2015 CommuniCationS www.livingstonesonline.org.uk Communications with the Chair or Editor can be made through: [email protected] or [email protected] All enquiries regarding subscriptions to the Honorary Treasurer: [email protected] note It is appreciated that articles derive from authors in a range of disciplines and demonstrate a variety in approach. The spelling of some specialised terms, local place-names and proper names in particular may vary considerably according to the contributor and discipline. These variations, however, should cause no problems to readers. Submissions for inclusion in the Yearbook are welcome and papers for consideration should be sent to [email protected]. Notes for submission of papers and house style are available upon request from the editor. viii Contributors eDITorIaL This edition is published at a time when europe is feeling overwhelmed by a tide of refugees from a variety of conflicts in africa and the Middle east. The major protagonists battling for the soul of Syria where Muslim and Christian alike are fleeing the death and destruction perpetrated by a variety of actors, principally the activities of the self-proclaimed Islamic State and the defence of his realm by assad’s military might bolstered by russia, Iran and the Hezbollah. We also recognise that Israel and Palestine are now engaged in another confrontation that, in all but name, looks very much like a third Intifada. This edition takes us on an historical and yet hauntingly contemporary journey across europe, the Mediterranean and the Middle east tracking the tragedy of an armenian Genocide and, in general, the relationship of Christian communities with Muslim states and Islam, the roots of the Jewish State and the interpretations of Zionism and Semitism as they interplay with the lives of Palestinians and Israeli citizens alike. How much is this a story of tribal conflict, religious conflict, or of power struggle to establish the boundaries of nation states in a world which picked international borders out of a potpourri of political options? What is the contribution of a global Christian community to a region of the world where Christianity is diminishing to a mere shadow of its former self in a place where its tenets were, for a moment in history, supreme? Is there a possible compromise between two major religious world views which seem to be increasingly at loggerheads in this century? ix Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust Yearbook 2015 I can’t think of a more challenging period in world history nor of a more relevant commentary in our times than can be found in these pages. The first section of this edition focuses on the foundation of the State of Israel and looks at it through political, sociological and theological lenses. Ilan Pappé introduces us to the competing pressures in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries between secularism, nationalism and Judaism. The recreation of a biblical legacy for a Jewish nation state arises as a tool to play the political games that helped create its reality. Ilan argues that only the return to a theology which rejects the necessity of a Jewish nation state can contribute to a secularised society in Israel that can accommodate difference and live at peace with itself and others. Michael Marten broadens the context by identifying Michael Prior’s contribution to the debate in the use and abuse, for example, of the exodus story by liberation movements worldwide and by those supporting a Jewish state. The exodus story sidesteps the ruthless displacement of an indigenous people in the land east of Jordan. Michael Prior, it is argued, takes the moral high ground and hopes for an interpretation of the bible that is as much based on linguistic analysis as personal morality and engagement with the structures of oppression. Mary Grey leads us appropriately through to the balfour Declaration of 1917 which had its origins in Zionism, both Christian and Jewish, and in british imperial ambitions. Mary Grey reminds us that the balfour Declaration was made deliberately to enlist Jewish support for the imperial intentions of the british government which did indeed represent ‘Perfidiousa lbion’. The government made every effort to hide their support for a Jewish nation state from the arab leadership in the Middle east and ignored respect for ‘the civil and religious rights of the non-Jewish communities’ in the plan for the ‘return’ of european Jews to Palestine. Mary, in rooting her concern in Gospel-inspired vision, equally emphasises the morality of decisions by seeking today to persuade Her Majesty’s government to heal the hurt that they created thus making a contribution to justice, peace and reconciliation. From the history of the establishment of the State of Israel this edition moves to the realities of the present day. Duncan Macpherson x Editorial addresses the use of emotive labels in the battle of ideas we describe as the Israel/Palestine debacle for both parties. Duncan looks at the motivation of people who use labels such as Zionist, anti-Semite, Jew- hater and racist in the description of those who support or oppose their ideas. The labels have a history too and that can be traced through the political, economic and social history of a Christian europe—the origins of prejudice being found in the interpretation of the Gospel accounts.
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