Repo-Dosen-172005081944-63.Pdf

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Repo-Dosen-172005081944-63.Pdf Bab 11 TRADISI NGEJOT PADA UPACARA KEPUS PUNGSED: KEARIFAN LOKAL KELUARGA DI BALI Kadek Aria Prima Dewi PF, Institut Hindu Dharma Negeri (IHDN) Denpasar [email protected] Abstract Tulisan ini menguraikan tentang tradisi ngejot sebagai rangkaian prosesi upacara kepus pungsed (lepas tali pusar) di wilayah Padangsambian Denpasar Bali. Ngejot tidak hanya bermakna ucapan terimakasih atas telah dilaksanakannya upacara tersebut, namun juga sarat makna-makna lain khususnya yang berkaitan dengan perubahan peran sosial pasutri. Kegiatan ngejot dilakukan dengan memberikan kiriman masakan khas Bali kepada pihak keluarga dari pihak pria setelah prosesi perkawinan. Ngejot berkaitan dengan pemberitahuan perubahan peran sosial pasutri disebut dengan ngejot kepus pungsed. Tradisi ini merupakan salah satu tradisi yang masih dipertahanan masyarakatnya, karena dianggap sebagai salah satu media pemberian informasi kepada masyarakat sekitar yang masih relevan dengan perkembangan zaman. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di daerah Bali Selatan, tepatnya di Kelurahan Padangsambian Kecamatan Denpasar Barat-Bali. Key words: tradisi ngejot, peran sosial, tradisi Hindu Bali. A. Pendahuluan Bali merupakan daerah yang kaya akan tradisi yang sarat dengan symbol dan makna. Dalam berbagai seting budaya pada masyarakat Bali, terdapat berbagai aktivitas ngejot yang merupakan rangkaian dari kegiatan atau upacara panca yajna. Ngejot tidak saja berfungsi sebagai media pemberian informasi mengenai kegiatan atau ritual yang dilaksanakan oleh sang yajamana (yang melaksanakan upacara yajna), namun juga memiliki makna-makna tertentu sesuai dengan ragam aktivitas yajna yang Dr Kadek Aria Prima Dewi PF.,S.Ag.,M.Pd., Dosen pada Jurusan Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar Hindu pada Fakultas Dharma Acarya IHDN Denpasar-Bali-Indonesia, Sekretaris Yayasan Sarwe Sukhinah Bhawantu yang bergerak pada pendidikan pranikah, Ketua Bali Parenting. E-mail: [email protected] dilaksanakan. Salah satu wilayah yang masih mempertahankan tradisi ngejot dalam berbagai kegiatan Panca Yajna adalah wilayah Padangsambian, Denpasar. Terdapat berbagai ragam tradisi ngejot, dengan kemasan dan makna yang bervariasi seperti tradisi ngejot madingang galeng kasur, ngejot upacara kepus pungsed, ngejot ngulemin, ngejot ngaben dan sebagainya. Pembeda pelaksanaan dari tradisi ngejot ini adalah perbedaan dasar kegiatan yajna yang dilaksanakan, seperti upacara yang ditujukan untuk Tuhan, Leluhur, Manusia, Guru ataukah untuk lingkungan alam. Sehingga kemasan makanan yang dijotkan akan sangat bervariasi. Pada penelitian ini difokuskan pada penelurusan tradisi ngejot upacara kepus pungsed, yang secara sederhana dimaknai oleh masyarakatnya sebagai media penyampaian informasi telah dilahirkannya seorang anak pertama pada keluarga baru yang telah berhasil melewati fase kritis dari fase awal kelahirannya sebagai manusia di dunia. Namun faktanya tidak semua anak yang lahir pada keluarga Hindu di Padangsambian dirayakan dengan tradisi tersebut. Untuk itu akan dilakukan penelitian lebih mendalam tentang hakekat dari tradisi ngejot upacara kepus pungsed dari aspek anak dan pasangan suami istri. Tulisan ini disusun berdasarkan sebuah riset kecil di wilayah Padangsambian Bali secara kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumen. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah jenis data kualitatif dengan sumber data primer adalah tokoh agama, tokoh adat, serta pasutri yang menjadi orang tua. Sumber data sekunder adalah dari literatur-literatur, buku-buku, jurnal, serta proseding. Teknik penentuan informan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis menurut model Milles and Huberman (2009) dengan triangulasi data yaitu data reduction (reduksi data), data display (penyajian data) dan 164 conclusion drawing/verification (penarikan kesimpulan). B. Apa itu Tradisi Ngejot Upacara Kepus Pungsed? Tradisi Ngejot Upacara Kepus Pungsed merupakan salah satu bagian dari tradisi Ngejot secara umum, adapun arti kata Ngejot dapat ditinjau dari bentuk dasar katanya ‘jot’ yang bermakna ‘bawa’, mendapatkan afiks ‘ng’ menjadi kata ngejot (Suharmin, 2016). Ngejot kemudian memiliki perubahan makna menjadi sikap saling menghormati dalam suatu acara adat dengan cara memberikan/ membawakan makanan kepada kerabat. Tradisi Ngejot di Bali biasa dilakukan berkaitan dengan kegiatan Panca Yajna. Kegiatan Panca Yajna terdiri atas lima bagian (1) Dewa Yajna ialah upacara atau persembahan suci yang ditujukan kepada Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa beserta manifestasiNya, (2) Pitra Yajna ialah persembahan suci yang ditujukan kepada para leluhur, (3) Rsi Yajna ialah persembahan suci yang ditujukan kepada orang suci, (4) Manusa Yajna ialah upacara suci yang bertujuan untuk memelihara hidup, kesempurnaan dan kesejahteraan manusia, dan (5) Bhuta Yajna ialah persembahan suci yang ditujukan kepada Bhuta Kala. Tradisi Ngejot Upacara Kepus Pungsed dilaksanakan setelah tali pusar bayi (bayi nifas) lepas dari tubuh bayi yang merupakan anak sulung dari pasutri tersebut. Dalam tradisi ngejot ini pasutri akan mengirimkan olahan makanan kepada anggota keluarga dalam ikatan kekerabatan ayah dan ibu dari pihak suami. Makanan yang diberikan (diejotkan) biasanya berupa makanan khas Bali seperti sate, lawar, nasi, dan sayur berkuah. 165 Gambar 1 Lawar Barak Gambar 1. Tetandingan jotan (sumber: dokumen peneliti 2016) Pada hari tersebut, pihak keluarga melakukan kegiatan ngelawar (memasak makanan khas Bali) secara khusus, untuk diberikan kepada keluarga besar sebagai ucapan terimakasih atas kesuksesan bayi nifas melewati salah satu masa sulit dalam hidupnya, yakni proses adaptasi lingkungan dari dan setelah dilahirkan dari dalam kandungan. Makanan yang dimasak terdiri atas laukpauk minimal mebunga dua (2 jenis) atau mebunga pat (4 jenis) yakni lawar barak, urab putih, serapah dan urab gadang, sate dan nasi putih) disesuaikan dengan kemampuan pasutri masing-masing. Makanan ini ditata di atas taledan dengan posisi nasi di tengah, lawar merah di ujung kiri atas, serapah di ujung kanan atas, urab putih di ujung kiri bawah, urab gadang di ujung kanan bawah, di atas nasi diletakkan sate yang berjumlah empat buah. Makanan inilah kemudian dibagi-bagikan kepada keluarga besar. Nasi diukur seukuran setengah batok kelapa, kemudian lawar dibungkus dengan daun pisang (kini kemasannya sudah bervariasi). Yang menjadi ciri khas adalah pada penentuan jumlah sate yang diberikan. Upacara kepus pungsed merupakan kegiatan manusa yajna, dan ngejot ini 166 ditujukan pada pihak keluarga saja, maka sate yang diberikan berjumlah 4 buah. Jika jotan sebagai undangan untuk menghadiri kegiatan upacara, maka jumlah satenya berbeda yakni sejumlah 8 buah. Jadi jumlah sate ini akan menjadi ciri dari kegiatan yang dilaksanakan. Gambar 2. Proses memasak lawar untuk ngejot (sumber: dokumen peneliti 2016) C. Perubahan peran sosial pasutri menjadi orangtua Upacara kepus pungsed merupakan rangkaian kegiatan upacara Manusa Yajna: upacara yang dilaksanakan dengan rasa tulus ikhlas yang ditujukan untuk manusia. Upacara kepus pungsed ini merupakan bagian dari upacara daur hidup manusia dalam kemasan budaya Bali. Penyelenggaraan pesta dan upacara sepanjang daur hidup yang universal sifatnya disebabkan adanya kesadaran bahwa setiap tahap baru dalam daur hidup menyebabkan masuknya seseorang di dalam lingkungan social yang baru dan lebih luas (Koentjaraningrat, 1997: 92). Pada upacara kepus pungsed ini, tidak hanya anak yang memasuki lingkungan social yang baru, namun juga pasutri tersebut memasuki peran baru sebagai orang tua. Peran sosial adalah peran yang dimainkan seseorang dalam lingkungan sosialnya. Peran ini adalah tuntutan dari masyarakat terhadap individu 167 untuk memberikan sumbangan sosial dari anggotanya dalam rangka menjaga keutuhan sosial dan meningkatkan kebaikan dalam masyarakat tersebut. Peran sosial bisa berupa aktivitas individu dalam masyarakat dengan cara mengambil bagian aktivitas individu dalam masyarakat dalam kegiatan pada sector sosial, politik, ekonomi, keagamaan dan sebagainya. Pengambilan peran ini tergantung pada tuntutan masyarakat dan atau pada kemampuan individu bersangkutan serta kepekaannya dalam melihat keadaan masyarakatnya (Syuhud dalam Saputri dan Prasetyo, 2012: 256-257). Menjadi orang tua merupakan kewajiban lanjutan dari dilangsungkannya pernikahan sebagai pintu gerbang grahasta. Dalam ajaran agama Hindu, disebutkan empat tingkatan hidup yang disebut dengan catur asrama yakni (1) brahmacari asrama ialah masa menuntut ilmu, (2) grahasta asrama ialah masa berumahtangga/ membangun keluarga, (3) wanaprastha asrama ialah tingkatan kehidupan dengan menjauhi nafsu keduniawian, dan (4) bhiksuka asrama ialah tingkatan lepas dari keduniawian. Adapun tujuan dari grahasta asrama ialah pemenuhan dari catur purusa arta yang terdiri atas (1) dharma, (2) artha, (3) kama, dan (4) moksa. Perubahan peran social yang terjadi pada kelahiran anak sulung pada pasutri Hindu di wilayah Padangsambian adalah perubahan peran berkaitan statusnya yang awalnya hanya sebagai pasangan suami istri menjadi orangtua. Maka jika dikaitkan dengan acara catur purusha artha, maka peran orangtua dalam kondisi ini adalah memenuhi kebutuhan anak dalam bidang pemenuhan atas (1) dharma, (2) artha, (3) kama dalam usaha mencapai (4) moksa. Dalam peran sebagai orang tua, pasutri diperkenankan untuk memenuhi nafsu-nafsu duniawi dengan berlandaskan atas ajaran dharma (kebenaran), seperti memperoleh kekayaan (artha), keturunan serta menjalankan
Recommended publications
  • Download Article (PDF)
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 398 2nd International Conference on Social Science and Character Educations (ICoSSCE 2019) The Utilization of Faced Tradition in Historical Learning to Plant Religious Values in Students Uzratul Laela Sudrajat Graduate School Graduate School Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Yogyakarta, Indonesia Yogyakarta, Indonesia [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—This study aims to explain the background of developing today even amid the development of the Ngejot Tradition itself. To find out the values contained modernization and globalization which has caused a shift in the Ngejot Tradition and the use of the Ngejot Tradition in the values and attitudes of the cultural community. This in historical learning to instill religious value in students. tradition is still maintained by the community because it The research method used in this research is descriptive has special characteristics, one of which is a community qualitative research method, data collection methods meeting with relatives or parents to apologize. From the through interviews, observation. Data Analysis Techniques uniqueness of this tradition, it is very good to be through the stages of data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results showed that (1) the background of implemented into character education learning, one of the Ngejot Tradition in Lenek Village, as an expression of which is religious value for students in learning history. gratitude to the almighty God and to strengthen the relationship of friendship between the people of Lenek This tradition of empowering activities cannot Village (2) the character values that exist in the Ngejot succeed without anyone helping.
    [Show full text]
  • Religion As a Cultural System: a Multiculturalism Education Model in Bali Based on Local Tradition
    PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(1): 4198-4206 An Interdisciplinary Journal RELIGION AS A CULTURAL SYSTEM: A MULTICULTURALISM EDUCATION MODEL IN BALI BASED ON LOCAL TRADITION Made Saihu1, Hamdani Anwar2, Suhada3, Abd. Aziz4, Lilis Fauziah Balgis5 1Institute of PTIQ Jakarta, Indonesia 2State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia 3Islamic College of Al-Hikmah Jakarta, Indonesia 4Islamic College of Al-Amin, South Tangerang, Indonesia 5University of Juanda Bogor, Indonesia Abstract This study discusses the harmony of Hindus and Muslims in Jembrana Bali is seen from a religious point of view as a cultural system involving both religious adherents. The Ngejot and Male traditions are local traditions that show this Hindu-Muslim harmony. Through the theoretical approach of religion as a cultural system, this ethnographic study emphasizes the importance of embodying religious traditions through local culture. Although the tradition of Male originates from the Islamic tradition, cultural influences are able to encourage adaptation to Balinese customs so that harmony is more easily maintained. Here the Muslims understand their position to protect and respect the dominant culture adhered to by the majority of Hindus in Jembrana Bali. The same thing is done by Hindus who try to show a good response to Muslims by involving them in the tradition of Ngejot which was originally a Hindu tradition of worshiping God, to some extent shown by adjustments so as not to conflict with Muslim beliefs. A wealth of local traditions that shows a portrait of harmony between religious communities in Indonesia and becomes a model for multiculturalism education based on local traditions. Keywords: Education, Local Traditions, Multiculturalism, Culture Article Received: 20 September 2020, Revised: 30 November 2020, Accepted: 18 December 2020 INTRODUCTION humanities, scholars have studied quite a lot.
    [Show full text]
  • Vol. 2 No. 3, 2012
    KOMANEKA Update Home Photo Album Spa Promotion Vol. 2 No. 3, Sep. 2012 A SLICE OF THE GODS PACKAGE Ngejot Tumpeng Anten, – The TRIPLE SPECIAL Prayer of Newlyweds in Ubud ...FREE extra bed and ...there is another side of Galungan, Breakfast for the third Ngejot Tumpeng Anten procession, that is person... unique and indigenous to Ubud and some villages in Gianyar... Galungan is the most awaited day for Balinese, where various festivities become part of this special day. The streets will be full of janur (young coconut Show your near and dear ones that you care. Valid leaves) decorations, the scent of incense, and the for all room category at Komaneka at Tanggayuda, happy sounds of children in the air welcoming Komaneka at Bisma, and Komaneka at Rasa Sayang. Barong Ngelawang (lawang = door) dancing from door to door. Stay period starting 1 October 2012 - 30 April 2013. Galungan is an ancient Javanese word meaning to win or to fight. Galungan also has the same meaning with Dungulan, to win. The Galungan Festivity for Balinese means the expression of joy in celebration of dharma (goodness) winning over adharma (evil). click to continue click to continue KOMANEKA WHAT TO READ FINE ART GALLERY AGAINST ALL ODDS I Wayan Sujana Suklu ...Intricacies in the Life of a Balinese Prince... I Wayan Sujana affectionately goes by the name The arrival of the Dutch marks the end of the glory Suklu. Suklu is short for Sujana Klungkung, meaning of the kingdom era in Bali. One by one the Balinese Sujana who comes from Klungkung. Klungkung used kings surrender and must give up their power to be the location of the central government, where to the colonial government.
    [Show full text]
  • Bhinneka Tunggal Ika in Kakawinsutasoma in Multicultural Societyof Denpasar City
    International Journal of Research in Social Sciences Vol. 8 Issue 3, March 2018, ISSN: 2249-2496 Impact Factor: 7.081 Journal Homepage: http://www.ijmra.us, Email: [email protected] Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A., Open J-Gage as well as in Cabell’s Directories of Publishing Opportunities, U.S.A BHINNEKA TUNGGAL IKA IN KAKAWINSUTASOMA IN MULTICULTURAL SOCIETYOF DENPASAR CITY Ni Putu Winanti* Ni Gusti Ayu Kartika** Abstract: The pluralism of Denpasar City residents to this day still exist. The philosophy of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika is considered giving a strong contribution to it. This study will try to illustrate the roots of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika philosophy in Sutasoma’s Old Poetry (kakawin) by Mpu Tantular, the implementation of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika philosophy, and the perception of the multicultral community in Denpasar towards the Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. Through descriptive qualitative descriptions, this study tries to see the text of Sutasoma in general along with the implementation of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika philosophy in multicultural society in Denpasar City, which can be seen in the synergy of religious life behavior, the blend of art and culture, and the combination of beliefs seen in various development worship places. This study concludes that the philosophy of Bhineka Tunggal Ika is still relevant as a life guidance for the plural citizens in Denpasar. The basis of Bhineka Tunggal Ika made the community able to develop an attitude of helping each other, tolerance, mutual cooperation(gotong royong), mutual respect, and glorify each other.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposal Penelitian
    Widya Genitri : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, Agama dan Kebudayaan Hindu P-ISSN : 2302-9102 Volume 10 Nomor 2 (2019) hal 11-22 E-ISSN : 2685-7198 DOI: 10.36417/widyagenitri.v10i2.276 STAH Dharma Sentana Sulawesi Tengah BENTUK FUNGSI DAN MAKNA TRADISI NGEJOT TUMPENG (FORM OF FUNCTION AND MEANING OF TRADITION NGEJOT TUMPENG) I NYOMAN SUPARMAN Dosen Sekolah Tinggi Agama Hindu (STAH) Dharma Sentana Sulawesi Tengah JL. Roviga No. 29 Kel. Tondo Kec. Mantikulore Kota Palu e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT What are the ways to carry out the tradition of bouncing cone? (2) What is the form, function and meaning of the cone-crunching tradition? (3) What educational values are contained in the tradition of teasing rice cone? While the objectives of this study are (1) To find out the procedures for implementing the Ngejot tumpeng tradition. (2) To find out the form, function and meaning of the cone-teasing tradition. (3) To find out the values of Hindu religious education contained in the tradition of teasing rice cone. In this study, researchers used descriptive qualitative research, to get good results researchers used four theories including structural functional theory, symbol theory, meaning theory and value theory, in this study researchers used the method of observation, interviews and documentation. Determination of informants in this study using Purpsive Sampling technique. The results of the research in the Tgejot Tumpisi Tradition are through the procedures and the implementation by initiating the preparation of facilities in the form of banteng tumpeng which will be offered to the bride and groom during the Galungan Penampat, and arranged at the Galungan.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Tradition and Harmony Among Religious Adherents: the Dominant Culture of Hindu-Muslim Relation in Jembrana Bali
    Local Tradition and Harmony among Religious Adherents: the Dominant Culture of Hindu-Muslim Relation in Jembrana Bali Saihu Saihu1* 1 Institut PTIQ Jakarta, Indonesia; e-mail: [email protected] * Correspondence Received: 2020-03-21; Accepted: 2020-05-14; Published: 2020-05-29 Abstract: This study discusses the harmony of Hindu-Muslim's local traditions in Jembrana, western Bali. This anthropology study employs Bruner's dominant cultural theory approach to see the practice of harmony in local communities. This study focuses on several local Hindu-Muslim traditions in Jembrana, which reflect harmony among religious communities, namely the tradition of ngejot, makepung, male, and rebana (tambourine). The ethnographic study confirms the importance of respect for the dominant culture carried out by the Muslim minority when implementing their religious traditions. Although the customs of male and rebana, for instance, are Islamic traditions, Balinese Muslims adapted to Balinese customs as the dominant culture. They understood their positions to maintain and respect the dominant Balinese culture performed by the majority of Hindus in Jembrana. Balinese Hindus tried to show an excellent response to the Muslims by involving them in the local Balinese tradition even with the adaptation of their rituals. It is a wealth of local tradition that shows religious harmony portrait in Indonesia. Keywords: dominant culture; harmony; Hindu; local tradition; Muslim. Abstrak: Bali merupakan salah satu daerah yang dihuni oleh ragam komunitas agama. Kajian ini membahas kerukunan umat Hindu dan Muslim di Jembrana Bali dilihat dari sudut pandang budaya dominan dalam tradisi lokal yang melibatkan kedua pemeluk agama tersebut. Tradisi ngejot, makepung, male, dan rebana merupakan tradisi lokal yang menunjukkan kerukunan Hindu-Muslim tersebut.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume7 Issue8(2)
    Volume 7, Issue 8(2), August 2018 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research Published by Sucharitha Publications 48-12-3/7, Flat No: 302, Alekya Residency Srinagar, Visakhapatnam – 530 016 Andhra Pradesh – India Email: [email protected] Website: www.ijmer.in Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief Dr. K. Victor Babu Associate Professor, Institute of Education Mettu University, Metu, Ethiopia. EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Prof. S.Mahendra Dev Prof. Igor Kondrashin Vice Chancellor The Member of The Russian Philosophical Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Society Research, Mumbai The Russian Humanist Society and Expert of The UNESCO, Moscow, Russia Prof.Y.C. Simhadri Vice Chancellor, Patna University Dr. Zoran Vujisiæ Former Director Rector Institute of Constitutional and Parliamentary St. Gregory Nazianzen Orthodox Institute Studies, New Delhi & Universidad Rural de Guatemala, GT, U.S.A Formerly Vice Chancellor of Benaras Hindu University, Andhra University Nagarjuna University, Patna University Prof.U.Shameem Department of Zoology Prof. (Dr.) Sohan Raj Tater Andhra University Visakhapatnam Former Vice Chancellor Singhania University, Rajasthan Dr. N.V.S.Suryanarayana Dept. of Education, A.U. Campus Prof.K.Sreerama Murty Vizianagaram Department of Economics Andhra University - Visakhapatnam Dr. Kameswara Sharma YVR Asst. Professor Dr.V.Venkateswarlu Dept. of Zoology Assistant Professor Sri. Venkateswara College, Delhi University, Dept. of Sociology & Social Work Delhi Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur I Ketut Donder Prof. P.D.Satya Paul Depasar State Institute of Hindu Dharma Department of Anthropology Indonesia Andhra University – Visakhapatnam Prof. Roger Wiemers Prof. Josef HÖCHTL Professor of Education Department of Political Economy Lipscomb University, Nashville, USA University of Vienna, Vienna & Ex. Member of the Austrian Parliament Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • “Menyama Braya” Studi Perubahan Masyarakat Bali
    EMPATEMPATEMPAT MENYAMA BRAYA DALAM PLURALITAS DAN INTEGRASI SOSIAL BBBALIBALIALIALI SterSterStereStereeeotipeotipe Baliotipe Bali Secara historis, Bali dan dinamikanya memiliki pluralitas dalam identitas Bali Mula atau Bali Aga (Bali Asli) dan Bali Majapahit (wong Majapahit). Hal ini dimulai sekitar tahun 1350 Masehi, ketika Sri Kresna Kepakisan dari Kediri pemegang kuasa Majapahit atas Bali, mengukuhkan sebuah identitas sosial baru. Wong Majapahit, yang membedakan dengan identitas penduduk lokal Bali, yang disebut Bali Aga atau Bali Mula. Identitas ini memberi batas-batas pembeda dalam seluruh lapangan kehidupan (budaya, agama dan politik). Secara geokultural, orang-orang Bali keturunan Majapahit bertempat tinggal di daerah Bali dataran yang berlimpah air, sehingga mereka mengenal pengairan (subak). Secara politis, wong Bali dataran lebih memilih menerapkan sistem kepemimpinan tunggal dan monolitik. Mereka mengenal puri dan grya sebagai pemegang otoritas ekonomi politik dan kultural. Sedangkan Bali Aga wilayah pedalaman yang berbukit- bukit. Secara ekologis tergantung pada alam dan sumber daya hutan. 91 Menyama Braya: Studi Perubahan Masyarakat Bali Secara politis, mempunyai sistem sosial yang komunal dan kepemimpian kolektif (Dwipayana 2005: 4; Wiana 1993: 97). Sejalan dengan berkuasanya dinasti Majapahit di Bali dan terjadinya migrasi Jawa-Bali, maka lahirlah pembeda yang kedua yang didasarkan pada identitas kewangsaan (tri wangsa dan jaba wangsa) sebagai sistem “kasta” khas Bali (Wiana 1993: 98; Dwipayana 2005: 5 dan Putra 1998: 32). Kemudian dengan disintegrasinya kekuasaan Gelgel sebagai pusat Kerajaan Bali pada abad ke-17 menyusul kudeta Patih Agung Maruti, Bali pun terus ditikam konflik internal, perseteruan sesama Bali. Bali terpecah menjadi beberapa kerajaan dan masing-masing kerajaan punya kecenderungan menggunakan orang-orang Islam sebagai tangan kanan, benteng hidup kerajaan, melindungi kerajaan dari serangan musuh.
    [Show full text]
  • RELIGIA 2527-5992 (Online) J U R N a L I L M U – I L M U K E I S L a M a N
    Vol. 23 No. 1 2020 ISSN: 1411-1632 (Print) RELIGIA 2527-5992 (Online) J u r n a l I l m u – I l m u K e i s l a m a n Article History The Harmonious Dialectics Between Hindu-Muslim Submitted: in Bali (A Study in Jembrana Regency) 24-10-2019 Reviewed: 02-01-2020 Saihu Aproved: [email protected] 17-03-2020 Institut PTIQ Jakarta, Indonesia Cemal Şahin [email protected] University of State Bursa, Turkey Abstract This paper discusses the harmonious dialectics process between Hindus and Muslims through„urf or local wisdom which is believed to have philosophical, sociological, and psychological values with plural- multicultural nuances for the community of Jembrana, Province of Bali. This paper focuses on searching the effectiveness of some„urf or local wisdom that functions as a means to interact between two religious communities that lead to peaceful practices on Hindu-Muslim communities in Jembrana-Bali. The data sources are field observations and unstructured interviews from March-July 2019. This study is field research using a method of a case study. The results found that the dialectics process with a multicultural nuance between Hindus and Muslims in Jembrana is through the„urf or local wisdom, namely male, ngejot, rebana, and mekepung traditions. Further, from these four traditions, there is a process of active involvement, constructive understanding, and efforts to find joint commitments from various commitments, so that a sense of brotherhood and understanding of the diversity between the two religious communities becomes extremely close. This dialectic can also shape the character of Hindu and Muslim communities in Jembrana to be humanist, tolerant, and inclusive, this phenomenon then leads to the process of association, integration, complementation, and sublimation.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 259 3rd International Seminar on Tourism (ISOT 2018) The Impact of Religious Tourism in the Formation of a Peaceful and Moderate Society Endis Firdaus Munawar Rahmat Islamic Education Science Islamic Education Science Indonesia University of Education Indonesia University of Education Bandung, Indonesia Bandung, Indonesia [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—Religious Tourism is one of the important pillars in understanding in Mexico made diversity in pluralism between building a community without ethnic, racial, religious and inter- Catholics as a new religion accommodating local culture group boundaries. Besakih Temple in Bali is an example of a having a local scope limited to the Maya peninsula because of Hindu sacred place of worship that also provides a place of historical processes related to Mayan culture. Believers who worship for adherents of other religions, such as mosques and make religious trips to Izamal are driven by the belief that churches. In this location, there is no religious fanaticism. The Mary is their protector of the peninsula region. Religious study aims to examine the positive impact of religious tourism in tourists motivated by their faith is an example of tourism as a building harmony of life towards deradicalization and religious manifestation of human motivation for pluralism in abandoning pluralism. The study method uses a multi-case qualitative radicalism [3]. Politics and interests will not influence religious approach to adjoining religious tourism places of worship in differences in any nation in the world religiously in inner and several regions. Studies find that multi-religious and multi-ethnic religious tourists mingle in tourism activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded Article; This Online Publication Platform Is Open to All Readers As Part of Our Commitment to Global Scientific Society
    also developed by scimago: SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS Scimago Journal & Country Rank Enter Journal Title, ISSN or Publisher Name Home Journal Rankings Country Rankings Viz Tools Help About Us International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Country Australia - SIR Ranking of Australia Subject Area and Category Computer Science 3 Computer Science (miscellaneous) Energy H Index Energy (miscellaneous) Engineering Engineering (miscellaneous) Publisher Science and Engineering Research Support Society Publication type Journals ISSN 22076360, 20054238 Coverage 2016-2020 Scope Information not localized Join the conversation about this journal Quartiles The set of journals have been ranked according to their SJR and divided into four equal groups, four quartiles. Q1 (green) Computer Science (miscellaneous) comprises the quarter of the journals with the highest values, Q2 (yellow) the second highest values, Q3 (orange) the third highest values and Q4 (red) the lowest values. Energy (miscellaneous) Category Year Quartile ComputerEngineering Science (miscellaneous) (miscellaneous) 2018 Q4 Computer Science (miscellaneous) 2019 Q4 Energy (miscellaneous) 2018 Q4 2018 2019 Energy (miscellaneous) 2019 Q4 SJR Citations per document The SJR is a size-independent prestige indicator that This indicator counts the number of citations received by ranks journals by their 'average prestige per article'. It is documents from a journal and divides them by the total based on the idea that 'all citations are not created number of documents published in that journal. The equal'. SJR is a measure of scientiƒc in≈uence of chart shows the evolution of the average number of 0.14journals that accounts for both the number of citations times1 documents published in a journal in the past two, received by a journal and the importance or prestige of three and four years have been cited in the current year.
    [Show full text]
  • Bhinneka Tunggal Ika for Strengthening Unity in Diversity)
    Opcion, Año 35, Nº Especial 22 (2019):2899-2921 ISSN 1012-1587/ISSNe: 2477-9385 Mapping the Balinese Social Tolerance Model (Bhinneka Tunggal Ika for Strengthening Unity in Diversity) Muhammad Japar, Komarudin, Dini Nur Fadhillah, Syifa Syarifa Pancasila and Civic Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia Abstract this article describe about social tolerance in Balinese. Although it consists of a pluralist society, Bali is one example of a symbol of tolerance in Indonesia because of a harmonious communities life. This descriptive method was con- ducted by qualitative approach that aims to describe social tolerance towards the Balinese. The result of this research shows that in Bali, there are traditions that are still obeyed and respected by all religious communities, one of them is Nyepi. Not only Hindus, all societies of Islam, Christianity, Catholicism or Confucianism also obey the rules that apply during Nyepi. Another tradition is ngejot and megibung. In the other hand, Balinese also celebrates social ac- tivities that involve all communities regardless of ethnicity or religion. They maintain the values of tolerance by respecting, caring for and not offending others, especially those related to religion. Keywords : Balinese, Tolerance, Traditions. Muhammad Japar et. al. 2900 Opcion, Año 35, Nº Especial 22 (2019): 2899-2921 Mapeo del Modelo de Tolerancia Social de Bali (Bhin- neka Tunggal Ika para Fortalecer la Unidad en la Di- versidad) Resumen Este artículo describe la tolerancia social en balinés. Aunque consiste en una sociedad pluralista, Bali es un ejemplo de un símbolo de tolerancia en Indonesia debido a una vida armoniosa de las comunidades.
    [Show full text]