Fossil Beach Cement Works Heritage Study
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Special Council Meeting - Item 2.2 Attachment 2 Monday, 1 August, 2011 BIOSIS R E S E A R C H Fossil Beach Cement Works Heritage Study April 2011 ‘A view of Fossil Beach in 1872’, oil painting by R Scott, in the collection of the Mornington Peninsula Regional Gallery. Natural & BIOSISCultural Heritage R E S E Consultants A R C H 38 Bertie Street (PO1 Box 489) Port Melbourne Victoria 3207 Special Council Meeting - Item 2.2 Attachment 2 Monday, 1 August, 2011 BIOSIS R E S E A R C H Fossil Beach Cement Works Heritage Study April 2011 Gary Vines & Geoff Yugovic Report for Mornington Peninsula Shire Ballarat: 449 Doveton Street North Ballarat 3350 Ph: (03) 5331 7000 Fax: (03) 5331 7033 email: [email protected] Melbourne: 38 Bertie Street Port Melbourne 3207 Ph: (03) 9646 9499 Fax: (03) 9646 9242 email: [email protected] Biosis Research Project – 11255 Date of Completion – 12/05/2011 Canberra: Unit 16/2 Yallourn Street Fyshwick 2609 ISBN 978-1-921405-10-5 Ph: (02) 6228 1599 Fax: (02) 6280 8752 email: [email protected] Sydney: 18-20 Mandible Street Alexandria 2015 Ph: (02) 9690 2777 Fax: (02) 9690 2577 email: [email protected] Wangaratta: PO Box 943 Wangaratta 3676 Ph: (03) 5721 9453 Fax: (03) 5721 9454 email: [email protected] Wollongong: 8 Tate Street Wollongong 2500 Ph: (02) 4229 5222 Fax: (02) 4229 55 email: [email protected] Biosis Research Pty. Ltd. This document is and shall remain the property of Biosis Research Pty. Ltd. The document may only be used for the purposes for which it was commissioned and in accordance with the Terms of the Engagement for the BIOSIS RESEARCH Pty. Ltd. A.BN. 65 006 175 097 commission. Unauthorised use of this document in any form whatsoever is prohibited. Natural BIOSIS& Cultural Heritage R E S E Consultants A R C H 2 Special Council Meeting - Item 2.2 Attachment 2 Monday, 1 August, 2011 Acknowledgments Biosis Research acknowledges the contribution of the following people and organisations in preparing this report: • Jo-Anne E. Tetteroo, Simon Lloyd, Simon Thorning (Shire of Mornington) • Peter Greer, (National Trust of Australia (Vic) Mornington Peninsula Branch) • Derek Smith (Mornington & District Historical Society) • Gill Gordon, (Mount Martha Foreshore Advisory Group) • Lorraine Huddle (Heritage Advisor) • Paul Young and Carmel Prestinenzi (Biosis Research Pty. Ltd.) Cover illustration ‘A view of Fossil Beach in 1872’, oil painting by R Scott, in the collection of the Mornington Peninsula Regional Gallery. Abbreviations AHC Australian Heritage Commission AMG Australian Map Grid DSE Department of Sustainability and Environment (formerly DNRE) DOI Department of Infrastructure DPCD Department for Planning and Community Development HO Heritage Overlay HV Heritage Victoria (DSE) ICOMOS International Council on Monuments and Sites LCC Land Conservation Council MPS Mornington Peninsula Shire RNE Register of the National Estate BIOSIS R E S E A R C H 3 Special Council Meeting - Item 2.2 Attachment 2 Monday, 1 August, 2011 Contents SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................. 7 1.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Project background ................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Aims ............................................................................................................................ 9 1.3 Consultation ............................................................................................................... 9 Consultation with Heritage Victoria.............................................................................. 9 1.4 Location and description of the study area .......................................................... 10 1.5 Authorship................................................................................................................ 10 2.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION .............................................................................. 13 2.1 Planning status, heritage listings and controls.................................................... 13 2.2 Terminology.............................................................................................................. 14 2.3 Environmental background .................................................................................... 15 2.4 Flora .......................................................................................................................... 16 3.0 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND.................................................................................. 18 3.1 Aboriginal occupation ............................................................................................. 18 3.2 European exploration .............................................................................................. 23 3.3 Settlement................................................................................................................. 23 3.4 Cement manufacture technology........................................................................... 26 3.5 Development of Melbourne’s lime and cement industry ..................................... 28 3.6 Establishment of the Patent Septaria Cement Co. ............................................... 29 3.7 Later history ............................................................................................................. 40 3.8 Culican’s Excavation ............................................................................................... 48 3.9 Later Management ................................................................................................... 49 4.0 DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................... 50 4.1 Background and main layout.................................................................................. 50 4.2 Entrance Track ......................................................................................................... 52 4.3 Sea Wall .................................................................................................................... 53 4.4 Washmill and settling tanks (Culican & Taylor Area B & C)................................ 54 4.5 Large Kiln (Culican & Taylor Area G)..................................................................... 57 4.6 Retaining walls (Culican & Taylor Area I).............................................................. 58 4.7 Small Kiln (Culican & Taylor Area H) ..................................................................... 59 4.8 Tanks/well (Culican & Taylor Area D & E) ............................................................. 61 4.9 Other historic Features (Culican & Taylor Areas A, F & J).................................. 63 4.10 Aboriginal sites ........................................................................................................ 64 4.11 Fossil Beds............................................................................................................... 64 4.12 Vegetation................................................................................................................. 66 5.0 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ..................................................................................... 67 5.1 Cement works .......................................................................................................... 67 5.2 Fossil site.................................................................................................................. 68 5.3 Recreation reserve................................................................................................... 68 BIOSIS R E S E A R C H 4 Special Council Meeting - Item 2.2 Attachment 2 Monday, 1 August, 2011 5.4 Natural values .......................................................................................................... 69 5.5 Aboriginal sites ........................................................................................................ 69 6.0 CULTURAL HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE................................................................. 70 6.1 Statement of significance ....................................................................................... 70 7.0 MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................. 74 Appendix 1. Statutory Regulations ....................................................................................... 80 Victorian cultural heritage legislation ......................................................................... 80 Appendix 2. Heritage Listings ............................................................................................... 83 Mornington Peninsula Planning Scheme Heritage Overlay....................................... 83 Mornington Heritage Study ........................................................................................ 84 Shire of Mornington Heritage Study........................................................................... 90 Register of the National Estate Citation..................................................................... 94 National Trust of Australia (Victoria) Citation............................................................. 96 Victorian Heritage Register Citation..........................................................................