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Grid Connected Solar Power in India

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Grid Connected Solar Power in India Grid connected Solar Power in India Rangan Banerjee Department of Energy Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Presentation at TU Delft on May 23rd 2012 Renewable installed capacity and generation Installed Estimated Estimated Capacity* Capacity factor Generation (MW) (GWh) Wind 14% 16179 19842 Biomass Power 70% 1143 7006 Bagasse 60% Cogeneration 1953 10262 Small Hydro 40% 3300 11564 Waste to Energy 50% 20 88 Solar PV 20% 481 844 Total 23076 25% 49607 *as on 31.01.2012 MNRE website: www.mnre.gov.in Renewable Share in Power 12.0 10.0 Renewable Installed Capacity 8.0 Renewable Generation 6.0 Share of total(%) of Share 4.0 2.0 Nuclear generation Nuclear Installed Capacity 0.0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year 3 3 Annual PV module / cell Production 250 PV modules PV cells 200 150 100 Production (MW) 50 0 1986 1991 1996 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year 4 PV production capacity 5 Solar Mission- JNSM Targets S.No. Application Target for Target for Target for segment Phase I Phase II Phase III (2010-13) (2013-17) (2017-22) 1. Solar collectors 7 million sq 15 million 20 million meters sq meters sq meters 2. Off grid solar 200 MW 1000 MW 2000 MW applications 3. Utility grid 1000-2000 4000-10000 20000 MW power, MW MW including roof top 6 Megawatt size grid solar power plants – India Project Project site Capacity PV Operation Generation Developer (MW) Technology in Days in MWh WBGEDCL* Jamuria, 1 Crystalline 614 1879.9 Asansol, Silicon (365) 12.29% West Bengal Sept.09 - Aug. 10 Azure Power Awan, 1 Crystalline 577 3312 Amritsar, Silicon (365) 16.92% Punjab Dec.09 to Nov.10 Mahagenco Chandrapur, 1 a-Si Thin 448 1654.2 Maharashtra Films (365) 15.39% May 10 to Apr.11 Reliance Nagaur, 5 Crystalline 352 7473.3 Industries Rajasthan Silicon, Thin July 10 to 18.8% Films, CPV June 11 Saphhire Sivaganga, 5 a-Si Thin 190 4271.3 Industrial Tamil Nadu Films Sri Power Chittoor, 2 Crystalline 92 901.9 Andhra Silicon Pradesh CdTe Thin Film 7 Source: 32/54/2011-12/PVSE, MNRE Challenges Source: World Energy Outlook – 2008, International Energy Agency 1. Limited experience in CSP in the country Solar Insolation and area required 2. Need for cost reduction = 2500 sq.km 3. Need for indigenous technology, system = 625 sq.km development 4. Need for demonstration, public domain 8 information Concept/Objectives Import National Completely Complete Test Prototype Indigenous plant Facility 0% 50 % 100 % • 1MW Solar Thermal Power Plant - Design & Development of a 1 MW plant. - Generation of Electricity for supply to the grid. - Development of technologies for component and system cost reduction. • National Test Facility - Development of facility for component testing and characterization. - Scope of experimentation for the continuous development of technologies. • Development of Simulation Package - Simulation software for scale-up and testing. - Compatibility for various solar applications. 9 Functioning Mode KG DS Achieved Outputs Interdisciplinary Project Team Rajkumar Nehra Faculty other than PI: Materials Manager Prof. M.Bhushan : Dept. of Chem. Engg. Prof. S. Bharatiya : Dept. of Chem. Engg. Prof. S. Doolla: Dept. of Energy Science and Engg. Desai, Nishith Karnik, Kalpesh Yadav, Deepak Project Engineer Project Engineer Project Engineer Prof. U.N. Gaitonde: Dept. of Mech. Engg. Prof. U.V. Bhandarkar: Dept. of Mech. Engg. Prof. S.V. Prabhu: Dept. of Mech. Engg. Prof. B.P. Puranik: Dept. of Mech. Engg. Prof. A. Sridharan: Dept. of Mech. Engg. Kumar Satish Amutha Shiva Vikalp Sachan Research Engineer Software Engineer Software Engineer Prof. B.G. Fernandes : Dept. of Elect. Engg. Prof. K. Chaterjee : Dept. of Elect. Engg. Prof. A.M. Kulkarni : Dept. of Elect. Engg. Pranesh Krishnamurthy Shinde Tejas NGR Kartheek Bhalerao Ranjeet Research Engineer Research Engineer Research Engineer Research Engineer Collector Fields Specified in Tender Evolving PFDs Final (Simplified) Process Flow Diagram 40 bar, 350˚C Turbine 1.93 kg/sec Generator Storage 1 MWe 16 bar, 390˚C 0.1 bar, 45˚C 8.53 kg/sec Solar Field 44 bar, 256.1˚C Cond Heat 0.84 kg/sec enser (oil) Exchanger 3.2 MW 12 bar, 231˚C Solar Field Cooling (DS) Tower 2 MW Expansion Vessel De-aerator 45 bar, 105˚C 1.09 kg/sec Water Treatment Plant R P P L T O T A K P L A N 15 Foundation stone: 10 January, 2010 Tree cutting permission: August 5, 2010 Soil Testing: October, 2010 Land levelling: November, 2010 Site Photos – PTC Field Equipment area for HTF PTC Solar Field CLFR HTF Area Site Photos – LFR Field HTF Area CLFR Steam Drum Steam Generation: 28 Sept., 2011 18 Site Photos – Power Block DM Storage tanks TG Building construction Heat Exchangers Heat Exchangers T u r b i n e Generator Cooling Tower Schematic of Solar Power Plant Simulator General User Inputs site data – lat., long., insolation, temperature, wind speed, rainfall Solar Models Data library, interpolation modules, empirical models Fluid properties – water, thermic fluids, etc. Fluid Models Library of fluid properties Characteristic models – solar collectors, pumps, Equipment Models heat exchangers, turbines, etc. [e.g., collector = f (min, Tin, IT/B, Vwind)] Flow sheeting User defined connectivity for equipment through GUI. Alternative configurations can be studied. Equation builder & Based on user defined PFD – mathematical models Solver User defined time steps, time horizon. Pseudo steady State simulation – sequential modular approach Simulation output System performance including cost of overall system Simulator Development Steps Prototype Simulator Modeling & Validation of different components and models System Simulation Validation based on test-runs Simulator: - version Reliability etc. study Scale-up study Consortium β-version members Final version Optimization Achieved Outputs: Simulator Facility Preliminary Version : released on 25th, July 2011 Achieved Outputs: Simulator Facility The key features of the Preliminary Version: • Simulation of fixed configurations of the systems • Graphical user interface for data input and output • Manual as well as database entry of climatic and equipment parameters • User defined time step and time horizon for the simulation • Display of the results in tabular form • output of all equipment for each time step, annual power generation, capital cost, cost of energy • Parametric study by changing the system parameters • location, equipment model parameters, stream parameters, control variables Distribution of user category No. of users Institute and University 380 Industry and Organisation 560 Others 90 Total (as on 16th May 2012) 1030 Summary: • 22 different countries (other than India): • Austria, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Cameroon, China, Cyprus, Denmark, Germany, Iran, Ira q, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Netherlands, Pakistan, Palestine, Somalia, Spain, Sudan, UAE and USA • 140 different Institutes and Universities • In India-> IITs, IIM, NITs, Amity University, ANNA University, BITS, Delhi University, Indian School of Mines, Institute for Plasma Research, JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY, JNTU, Hyderabad, Mewar University, Nirma University, NITIE Mumbai, P.S.V college of Engg. and Tech., Panjab University, PDPU Gandhinagar , PSG College of Tech., Pune University, Vellore Institute of Technology, and Others • Outside India-> Austrian Institute of Technology-Austria, Carnegie Mellon University-USA, McMaster Uni.-Canada,Chinese Academy of Sciences-China, University of Illinois-USA, Universidad de Valladolid- Spain, University of Copenhagen-Denmark, and Others Distribution of user category • 155 different Industries and Organisation : • In India-> Abener Engineering, Adani Infra India Ltd., BARC, BHEL, Brahma Kumaris, Central Electricity Regulatory Commission, Central Power Research Institute, Clique Developments Ltd., Cummins Research & Technology, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, Engineers India Ltd., Entegra Ltd., GAIL, GM, GERMI, Godavari Green Energy Ltd., KG Design Services Pvt. Ltd, Lanco Solar Energy Pvt . Ltd., L & T, Maharishi Solar Technology Pvt. Ltd., Mahindra & Mahindra, Maxwatt Turbines Pvt. Ltd., MNRE, MWCorp, National Power Training Institute, NPCIL, Pryas, Reliance Industries, SAIL, Siemens Ltd., Solar Energy Center, SPRERI, Sujana Energy, Tata Power, Thermax Ltd., Vedanta Resources, Welspun, and Others • Outside India-> DLR-Germany, Dubai Electricity and Water Authority-UAE, Eco Ltd.- Belgium, ELIASOL-USA, Fichtner-Germany, International Renewable Energy Agency- UAE, Shell Global Solutions International–Netherlands, Sol Systems-USA, Suntrace GmbH- Germany, and Others Added Features of α-version Scope for user defined plant configurations • Flexibility to simulate user defined small subset of a complete plant or a complete plant Addition of equipment like pipe element, auxiliary boiler, pressure reducing valve and storage vessel Database as well as manual entry of cost co- efficient Facility of exporting results to MS Excel file Potential users are identified for the α-version Simulation of user defined Process Flow Diagram Plant: Solnova (Abengoa Solar) Location: Spain Capacity: 50MW Ref.: http://www.abengoasolar.com Steps to be followed for the Simulation • Select any of the six PFD for the simulation or Open/Create Process Flow Diagram • How to Create Process Flow Diagram Step 1: Select equipment to be entered from the equipment list Step 2: Equipment will appear on PFD generation area which can be dragged to desired location • Input node: Green colour • Output node: Pink colour • The option of deleting the equipment and reversing the node is
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