MEMORANDUM ON SENATOR ROBERT KENNEDY'S VISIT TO .

MEMORANDUM ON SENATOR ROBERT KENNEDY'S VISIT TO SOUTH AFRICA. This memorandum is compiled by nenbers of the NUSAS Committee in Europe, and is intended to elaborate on various aspects of Senator Kennedy's visit. It must be emphasized that this memorandum contains only suggestions. Final details will have to be worked out between Cape Town and Senator Kennedy. The NSAS Committee in Europeq although it has the confidence of the NUSAS President, has not been asked to negotiate any of the details of the visit, by him. The memorandum deals with the following: a) What NUSAS hopes Senator Kennedy's visit will achieve. b) The organisation of the visit. c) The itinerary. d) Some of the people whom Senator Kennedy would, hopefully be able to meet. e) (a) What NUSAS hopes Senator Kennedy's visit will achieve. Although it is obvious that Senator Kennedy's visit will have both international repercussions and repercussions in the U.S.A., NUSAS is primarily concerned with the effect in South Africa. Within this limitation, NUSAS sees the visit providing the following: i) an opportunity for Senator Kennedy to make a first-hand assessment of the South African situation, particularly of individuals and organisations like NUSAS, which are concerned to establish democratic structures in South Africa; ii) an opportunity for students and the general public in South Africa to move, through the agency of Senator Kennedy, some way out of the isolation which is a deliberate part of the Nationalist Party Government's policy; iii) an opportunity for the democratic opposition in South Africa to show that it has the support of a prominent member and policy-maker of a major Western democracy. In particular, we are interested ix that the appeal of the Kennedy family to youth should be felt in South Africa...... /2

NUSAS believes that to achieve these objectives, the Senator should see as wide a cross-section of South African people as possible. There is no intention whatsoever to exclude from the benefits of the visit those who support Nationalist Government Party policies. I'e assume that this purpose will be part of the Senator's own thinking and if this memorandum stresses objectives (i) and (iii) above rather than objective (ii) it is simply that NUSAS has more access to the democratic opposition in South Africa than to the establishment. (b) The organisation of the visit. It is not clear to us exactly who is going to be in charge of the organisation. Since Senator Kennedy is not coming on the invitation of the South African Government, we assume that it will not be the S.A. Information Ser**ce. However, the S.A. Information Service may decide not to follow the advice given by the Afrikaans-medium press (which is to treat the Senator's visit with contumely), and may try to direct his activities. This we would be most strongly opposed to, although we would think that, if the Senator so wishes, some use should be made of the facilities of the Government's information sevices. Ror instance, if Senator Kennedy has a yen to see wild game, we suggest that the S.A. Government Information Service should be asked to provide, for example, a visit to the Kruger National Park. It is our feeling that because NUSAS is not an official or government-sponsored or governmeat-approved organisation, it would be unwise for NUSAS to handle all the arrangements for the Senator's visit, unless he intends to come only for long enough to make the address at the NTUSAS Day of Affirmation ceremony. If he intends to spend a longer time in South Africa we would suggest that the U.S. Embassy be asked to handle a good deal of the arrangements other than those involving the actual Day of Affirmation ceremony. At the same time, we have recommended to the NUSAS President that he should fly up from Cape Town to meet Senator Kennedy on his arrival in South Africa, and that he should be available to accompany the Senator throughout his visit. The Senator may also feel that le would like NUSAS to provide an additional aide to ensure continuity and information throughout the visit. In this event, we would suggest that Dr R. Hoffenberg, Senior Lecturer in Medicine at the University of Cape Town, Staff Representative on the U.C.T: Senate, and Chairman of the NUSAS Advisory Board, a senior man with wide experience of both national and ihternational politics and dducation, be asked to act as aide. We would point out as a KtKtxx corollary to this that Dr Hoffenberg is persona non grata with the South African Goverhment, although he has never been assused openly, and has, in fact, represented the South African Authorities at International Medical conferences; he would find his ..... /3 future in South Africa safeguarded by as close a connection as possible with the Senator. Much the same ap lies to the NUSAS President, and through him, to NUSAS as an organisqtion. (c) The itinerary. Without knowing exactly how long the Senator plans to be in South Africa, we cannot plan any formal itinerary. 'Alhat we have sug;ested below is the kind of itinerary that would suit a four-day visit. We have not allowed in this any time for the V Senator and his family - if he is to be accompanied by members of his family tba have any kind of relaxation. We have also not includ.-d in this itinerary any of the kind of functions that Embassies are likely to favour, like watching African miners dance, going down mines and up mountains, and kissing little children, both white and black. Overall, we would like to suggest that the visit take place before the Day of Affirmation, ahd that the Day of Affirmation be seen as the culmination of the visit. The South African press, it should be explained, is apt to criticise anybody who seems to hold pre-judged assumptions on the South African situation, and the Senator will be assured of a more favourable reception by the press if he can show that he has taken the trouble to look around before saying anything. This applies to the whole of the visit, particularly to the first press conference. Also, it is customary to hold the Day of Affirmation ceremony during the mid-week period (Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday), as this seems to attract tkf more attention than in the very beginning or end of the week. We have centred the itinerary around the main urban centres, and the Transkei. If the Senator wishes to see some of the rural districts, we suggest that this be done in forays from the urban centres rather than by travelling between the centres by any other means rather than plane. If the Senator has a large entourage, besides the two South African aides whom we have suggested, we would suggest the possibility of his hiring a private plane to take him round the country rather than relying on scheduled airlined. DAY ONE: This should be spent in Johannesburg. The Senator should be met on arrival by the NUSAS President, U.S. Ambassador, possible other diplomatic representatives, the press, improbably by the South African Government...... /4

DAY TWO: -4 Press Conference should follow immediately. Then, visits to the Universities of the Witwatersrand and magor industrial plantq and African townships. Luncheon with civic, business and academic dignitaries. Afternoon spent in discussions with representatives of various population groups, including Indian and African as well as with representatives of various bodies and organisations (see under 'd') - also comjleting morning programme of visits. Evening reception followed by private dinner, for detailed discussions of the remainder of the visit. (Suggested participants: Senator Kennedy -and his own aides, Dr. Hoffenberg NUSAS President, U.S. Embassy representative, Dr. R. Birley, Mr Laurence Gandar, Mr & Mrs Rex Welsh, Father Colin B. Collins.) (For details of these people, see also under section 'd'.) This should be spent in and environs. Commence by flying from Johannesburg to Durban. Then, if the Senator feels that he wishes to see ex-Chief Albert Luthuli, he will have to travel to Stanger in Natal, where the ex-Chief is restricted. This will take one hour each way from Durban by motorcar, and the Senator will also need an official permit to enter the area. While in this part, we suggest a short detour to the University College of Zululanl, one of the new Government-established institutions for African students only. In the afternoon we suggest a visit to the University College for Indians, situated on Salisbury Island, in the middle of Durban Bay, and then meetings with various people as outlined in section 'd'. Regarding ex-Chief Luthuli, it should be pointed out that not only was he President of the now-banned African National Congress, but he is also Honorary President of NUSAS. Also, it is to be hoped that Senator Kennedy will find some way of acknowledging the ex-Chief as the only Nobel Peace Prize Winner in Africa. DAY THREE: This should be spent in the Transkei, and the Eastern Cape region. Commence by flying from Durban to East London or, if in a private plane, directly to Yutata i :aLl ame nt As the Transkeian xrmz Vill be in session, it might be worthwhile for the Embassy to try to arnange for the Senator to address the Parliament. In particular, we would hope that the Senator will spend some time with Mr. Knowledge Guzana successorto Chief Victor Poto as leader of the opposition ..... /5

-5-C IAa, 1" Democratic party in the Transkei, who was recently refused a passport by the South African Government to visit the U.S.A. on a leadership-exchange programme. Mr Guzana may well be one of the more signifimcant politicians emerging in South Africa. While in Umtata, the Senator should try to visit St. Johns College. Then, fly to Grahamstown for possible visits to Rhodes Univerwity, Fort Hare University College (now for Africans only; before 1959 ackhowledged as one of the finest and oldest Universities in the country; now well-known for the fighting character of the student body, and the restrictive nature of the Colle ets administration.) Schools (white) worth visiting (as contrast) are St. Aidan's College (a Catholic foundation) and St. Andrews College (an Anglican foundation). If possible, the Senator should then fly to Port ElizabeM, where he might be interested to visit some of the African schools in the district, as well as some of the African slum areas. Two people worth meeting in are Mr J. Sutherland, Editor of the Evening Post (and as kood a man as Mr L. Gandar, Editor of the Rand Daily Mail in Johannesburg), and Mr Dennis Brutus (now banned), former Chairman of the S.A. Non-Racial Olympic Committee and S.A. Non-Racial Sparting Association, who recently completed a prison sentence on Robben Island. DAY FOUR: NATIONAL DAY OF AFFIRMATION OF ACADEMIC & HUMAN FREEDOM IN CAPE TOWN. The Senator should arrive in Cape Town as early as possible. Press Conference on arrival. If possible, the Senator should then address the S.A. Parliament, which will be in session. Such a request, again, should be made through the U.S. Embassy. Remainder of morning should be spent x t in discussions with representatives of the Parliamentary Political Parties, in particular with Mrs of the Progressive Party, now that she has regained her seat in the recent Election! Formal luncheon, preferably given by the Council or Senate of the University of Cape Town, and attended by Civic, Adademic and Business dignitaries, and Religious leaders. Afternoon, visits to the University of Stellenbosch, the Univ. College of the Western Cape (for Coloured students), African and Coloured townships, SHAWCO (the Studentx Health & Welfare Centre's Organisqtion - a unique U.C.T. student and staff-run welfare centre), the District Six slum area in Cape Town, and the University of Cape Town...... /6

-6 In the evening, there should be no dinner engagement to allow the Senator time to prepare for the Day of Affirmation ceremony, which will start at 8.15 p.m., and which will probably last until 11 p.m. There should be a reception after the ceremony, at which the Senator has a chance to talk to as many student leaders and ordinary students as possible. DAY FIVE: Departure. Any social, rather than political engagements, which Senator Kennedy wishes to fulfill, should, we suggest, take place after this date. We would like tmxxxgxxx the political part of the visit to be as intensive as possible, so that the Senator will get headlines every day. We assume that he will have his own Press Liaison Officer in his entourage, or that the Embassy will provide one. We would suggest that whoever does this be forewarned of the many peculiarities of the South African press. If the Senator brings his own Officer, it might be a good idea to have him sent out a few days in advance. We would hope that the Senator xkmx will not make any major speaches before the Day of Affirmation Address. He will, if he attends formal banquets, probably be asked to speak. If he does, we would suggest that what he says be very limited. We would like it to appear that the Day of Affirmation Address is the culnimtion of a great deal of tho ght, without prejudice, on what the Senator had seen in the past four days. It is essential that if the Senator is to see as many peop&e as we want him to, as many of his meetings as possible should not be limited to being with one person; extept perhaps the meetings with the representativ( of the political parties, including Mr. Guzana. It seens to us vital that all functions which the Senator attends should be not only multi-racial in principle but also in fact. Because the bulk of the South African non-white leadership has been banned, put under house arrest, or put in jail, there may be some difficulty in ensuring this. Nevertheless it must be ensured not only as a matter of conscience, but to ensure that no adverse international publicity results from the Senator's visit. We assume that the Senator will wish to meet as many ordinary South Africans as possible. Therefore, as visit such as those to African townships should be as informal as possible. Of course, the Senator and party will have to get permits to visit townships. This will have to be done throu ':h the Embassy and not through NUSAS. Howsver if there is difficulty placed in %he way of his getting permission to visit African townships and reserves we would recommend that the Senator seriously consider ignoring the restrictions. The South African Authorities would hardly dare to prevent him. This applies also to the visit to ex- Chief Luthuli. We feel sure that the Senator would do exactly the same in Missisippi! ...../7

-7 (d) Some of the people whom the Senator would, hopefully be able to meet. Note: This list does not include obvious politicians, newppaper editors, university principals student leaders, etc.9 and nor does it make much mention of prominent members of the Afrikaner establishment. We are hardly in a position to indicate which leading will want to meet the Senator or which he would benefit from meeting. We suggest that it be left to the Embassy to compile this list, but we must stress most strongly that the people we have mentioned below should come first in any final list of people that the Senator is to meet. We have made this list because it includes, largely, those people whom the Embassy and/or the S.A. Information Service might not include, and yet, in our opinion, every one in the following list ought to meet Senator Fennedy. JOHANNESBURG: Professor I. Le May (Prof. of Political Philosophy, Univ of Witwatersrand) Professor A. Geyser ( Prof. of Theology, Wits. Defrocked by Dutch Reformed Church in 1964 x after Heresy Trial, occastioned by his criticism of Church attitudes to, inter alia, .) Professor A. van Selms (Prof of Semitic Languages, Pretoria Univ. Speaker, 1964 Day of Affirmation.) Professor P.V. Pistorius (Prof of Politics, Pretoria Univ. Author, and one of leaders of Progressive Party.) Professor R. Birley (Visiting Prof o f Education, Wits. Former headmaster of Eton; in charge of British educational reconstruction 6n Berlin after World War II; Honorary Vice-President of NUSAS.) Rev. Beyers Naude ) (In charge of the much maligned Christian Institute of Mr. F.J. van Wyk ) South Africa, attempting) by attracting members of the Dutch Reformed Church, to soften the DRC views on apartheid, and other issues. Profs. Geyser & van Selms also connected with Christian Institute.) Mr 2uinton White (General Secretary, S.A. Institute of Race Relations - a non-political body attempJting to improve race relations, largely through the publication of numerous books, etc.) Mrs Jean Sinclair (Ilevd of the S.A. Black Sash, a women's organisation formed to protest against the loss of freedom in S.A.) Mrs Helen Joseph (First South African to be placed under House Arrest.) Advocate Rex Welshq QC (Advocate in S.A. Treason Trial in 1950's.) Mrs Anne Welsh (Wife of above. Daughter of the Late Justice Feetham. Organiser of SACHED - the'South African Committee for Higher Education - a NUSASsponsored scheme for allowing Africans to study through the Universty of London, and not under the Bantu Educc tion restrictions...... /8

Mrs Ruth Iayman (Attorney. Honorary Vice-President and Legal Rep. of NUSAS. Was on the now-banned Defence & Aid Comuittee. Has helped many involved in political trials in S.A.) Father Colin B. Collins (Secretary Educational Section Southern Africa Catholics Bishop's Conference in Pretoria; very great knowledge of education in Africa and S.A.) Mr Harry Oppenheimer (Chairman of Anglo-American Corporation) Mr D.C. O'Dowd (Former NUSAS President, at present working at the Ernest Oppenheimer Memorial Trust the educational division of Anglo-American.) DURBAN: Ex-Chief Albert Luthuli (Nobel Peace Prize Winner; Hon.President NUSAS) Dr E.G. Malherbe (former Principal, ; great expert on S.A. education.) Dr Alan Paton (Chairman, S.A. Liberal Party; author; Hon. Vice-Presq NUSAS.) Dr "onty Naicker (former President S.A. Indian Congress. He is now banned.) Archbishop D. Hurley (Catholic Archbishop of Durban; Hon. Vice-President NUSAS; 1963 Day of Affirmation spe -aker.) Professor E. Brookes (Prof of Political Science & history at Univ of Natal; Honorary Vice-President NUSAS.) Mr Colin Webb (Department of Historyq Univ of iatal. Lemberg NUSAS Advisory Board.) Mr Colin Gardner (Dept. of English, Univ of Natal; NUSAS Advisory Board.) ]Mr Bill Beng'u (attorney in Durban; now banned.) EAS TERN CAPE: Archbishop Zulu (of Anglican Church.) Mr J. Sutherland (Editor, Port Elizabeth Evening Post.) Father Stubbs ) (both of Federal Theological Seminary, Alice - near Miss Darroll ) Grahamstown.) Prof. Oosthuizen (Fort Hare University College.) Prof. Irving (Professor of Psychology, Rhodes University, arahcmstown) Prof. Guy Butler (Prof of English, Rhodes University.) Mr Terence Beard (Dept of Political Scienceq Rhodes. Banned.) Mr Norman Bromberger (Dept of Economics, Rhodes. Banned.) Mr Peter Rhodda (Dept of English, Rhodes. Banned.) Mr Dennis Brutus (former Chairman SANROC & SANSRSA. Banned.) . 0...... /9

-9 CAPE TOWN: Cardinal Owen McCann (Catholic Cardinal - the only one in South Africa.) Archbishop Selby Taylor (of the Anglican Church.) Mr Leo Marquard (Founder of NUSAS in 1924; author; Ron Vice-Pres NUSAS; formerly Chairman of Liberal Party; member U.C.T. Council). Mr Anton Rupert (Chairman, Rembrandt Tobacco Corp; probably biggest Afrikaans businessman today.) Mr Clive /Corder (Chairman Syfrets Trust Co; influen al businessman; Chairman, U.C.T. Convocation.) Mr Frank Robb (influentual businessman; member U.C.T. Council.) Mrs Margaret Ballinger (President, S.A. Liberal Party; former African Representative in Parliament; member UCT Council.) Professor Monica Wilson (Prof of Social Anthropology at U.C.T.; author) Mr O.D. Wolheim (former organiser of Cape Flats Distress Association - one of largest in S.A.; now Member, Provincial Council, -of Progressive Party- representing Coloured people.) Also, Chairman Civil Rights League.) Prof. N. Olivier (one of leading lights in SABRA - S.A. Bureau of Racial Affairs - the Afrikaans counterpart to Institute of Race Relations. Professor at 6tellenbosch University.) Dr R. Hoffenberg (Chairman, NUSAS Advisory Board; lecturer at U.C.T.) Dominee Vorster (Chairman, Anti-Communist Council - set up largely by Dutch Reformed Church & Nationalist Party - the S.A. equivalent of the John Birch Society; brother of the Minister of Justice.) Dr R. van der Ross (one of leaders of Coloured people; newspaper editor; recently formed coloured peopled party to contest elections for Gov-sponsored Coloured Representative Council.) Mr Ramilton Russell (lion Vice-Predident NUSAS; former Member Parliament who resigned oxver his party's attitude - United Partyto the 90 day detention clause; 1965 Day of Affirmatior speaker.) 31.3.66.