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STELLA AURORAE: the HISTORY of a SOUTH AFRICAN UNIVERSITY Volume 2 the University of Natal STELLA AURORAE: THE HISTORY OF A SOUTH AFRICAN UNIVERSITY Volume 2 The University of Natal (1949–1976) Bill Guest Occasional Publications of the Natal Society Foundation PIETERMARITZBURG 2017 Stella Aurorae: The History of a South African University Volume 2: The University of Natal (1949–1976) © Bill Guest 2017 Published in 2017 in Pietermaritzburg by the Trustees of the Natal Society Foundation under its imprint ‘Occasional Publications of the Natal Society Foundation’. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without reference to the publishers, the Trustees of the Natal Society Foundation, PO Box 11093, Dorpspruit 3206, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Natal Society Foundation website: http://www.natalia.org.za/ ISBN 978-0-9921766-6-2 Editor: Christopher Merrett Assistant editors: Peter Croeser and Phila Msimang Proofreader: Cathy Munro Indexers: Cynthia and Bill Guest Design & layout: Jo Marwick Body text: Times New Roman 11pt Front & footnotes: Times New Roman 9pt Photograph acknowledgements: T.B. (Jack) Frost (1955: Oribi pool party, p. 138). All other photographs: courtesy of UKZN Archives and Killie Campbell Museum Library Printed in South Africa by CPW Printers In memory of the late Denise (1942–2001) and for Cynthia, with gratitude CONTENTS Author’s note Abbreviations List of figures Foreword Acknowledgements Part One: 1949−1960 Chapter 1 Dualism and development 3 Chapter 2 Staffing and teaching 39 Chapter 3 Research and community service 61 Chapter 4 Student life 83 Chapter 5 Segregation and celebration 139 Part Two: 1961−1976 Chapter 6 The end of an era 177 Chapter 7 Staffing and teaching 199 Chapter 8 Research and community service 247 Chapter 9 Student life 297 Chapter 10 Turbulent times 367 Bibliography 427 General index 439 AUTHOR’S NOTE The use of racial terminology is always controversial and potentially offensive. This is particularly the case in the South African context in which, unfortunately, its extensive presence in historical commentaries and records makes it impossible to avoid. For the sake of consistency, in this book those references that imply a place or country of origin are given in upper case, for example, African, Afrikaner, European and Indian. References that denote dubious classification by skin colour are given in lower case, for example, black, coloured and white. No offence is intended in the use of these terms. ABBREVIATIONS ACU Association of Commonwealth Universities AE&CI African Explosives and Chemical Industries AEB Atomic Energy Board AFC Academic Freedom Committee ANC African National Congress APC Alan Paton Centre (UKZN, Pietermaritzburg) ASA Academic Staff Association ASB Afrikaanse Studente Bond BA Bachelor of Arts BA (Hons) Bachelor of Arts (Honours) BBC British Broadcasting Corporation BCL Bachelor of Civil Law (Oxford) B.Comm. Bachelor of Commerce B.Sc. Bachelor of Science B.Sc. (Agric.) Bachelor of Science (Agriculture) B.Sc. (Hons) Bachelor of Science (Honours) CAE Centre for Adult Education CBE Commander of the Order of the British Empire COPHC Community Orientated Primary Health Care CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research CUP Committee of University Principals CV curriculum vitae DAR Durban Archive Repository Dbn Durban D.Litt. Doctor of Letters DNA deoxyribonucleic acid D.Phil. Doctor of Philosophy Dr Doctor DRAMSOC Drama Society D.Sc. Doctor of Science ed.(s) editor(s) ERH Eleanor Russell Hall ESCOM Electricity Supply Commission FRD Foundation for Research Development HSRC Human Sciences Research Council IIC Industrial Information Centre ISR Institute for Social Research KCML Killie Campbell Museum Library KZN KwaZulu-Natal LLB Bachelor of Laws MA Master of Arts MBE Member of the Order of the British Empire M.Comm. Master of Commerce MIEE Member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers MP Member of Parliament M.Sc. Master of Science MTB Memorial Tower Building NCSR National Council for Social Research n.d. no date NFA Natal Field Artillery no. number NPA Natal Provincial Administration NRF National Research Foundation NSF Natal Society Foundation NUC Natal University College NUDF Natal University Development Foundation NUSAS National Union of South African Students OBE Officer of the Order of the British Empire PAR Pietermaritzburg Archives Repository PDL poverty datum line Pmb. Pietermaritzburg PRI Paint Research Institute RAU Rand Afrikaans University SA South Africa SABC South African Broadcasting Corporation SALA South African Library Association SAMRC South African Medical Research Council SANSPA South African National Student Press Association SASO South African Students Organisation SASOL South African Synthetic Oil Ltd SATV South African Television SCA Student Christian Association Senex Senate Executive Committee SPASEC Students of Pietermaritzburg African Social and Educational Club SRC Students Representative Council UCT University of Cape Town UED University Education Diploma UKZN University of KwaZulu-Natal UKZNA University of KwaZulu-Natal Archives (Pmb. campus) UN University of Natal UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation UNISA University of South Africa URC University Research Committee URF University Research Fund UTASA University Teachers Association of South Africa vol. volume Wits University of the Witwatersrand WRC Water Research Commission YMCA Young Mens Christian Association LIST OF FIGURES 1. G.G. (George Gordon) Campbell 10 2. Library Building (Pietermaritzburg) and Memorial Tower Building (Durban) 38 3. J. A.V. (John) Fairbrother 45 4. S.J. (Susarah) Truter 47 5. H. (Hugh) Grant-Whyte 54 6. H.L. (Henry or Harry) Wallace 54 7. W.J.G. (Walter) Fairbairn 55 8. M. (Maria) Schmidt-Ihms 58 9. M-L. (Marie-Louise) Tricaud 58 10. J.D. (Hamish) Scott 67 11. E.R. (Edwin, Jimmy) Orchard 69 12. R.A. (Ronald) Hellawell 70 13. A.S. (Tony) Mathews 75 14. H. (Hilda) Ditchburn 77 15. R.E. (Roger) Raab 86 16. C.O. (Colin) Gardner 93 17. S.E. (Siegfried) Drewes 104 18. R.E. (Ronald) MacMillan 106 19. Student Pool Party at Oribi (1955) 138 20. I. (Isodor, Okkie) Gordon 144 21. I. (Ian) Allan 156 22. R.A. (Ron) Brown 182 23. J.L. (Jack) Dowley 189 24. Muckleneuk (Durban) and New Library (Pietermaritzburg) 198 25. O. (Owen) Williams 216 26. M.W.J. (Malcolm) Scourfield 217 27. E.T. (Edward) Woodburn 221 28. K. (Kenneth) Knight 222 29. E.J. (Edward) O’Brien 224 30. D. (Dennis) Pudifin 226 31. B.T. (Bernard) le Roux 227 32. N.K. (Nelida) Lamond 240 33. A.J. (Anne) Alexander 251 34. P. (Patricia, Pat) Berjak 252 35. C.H. (Chris) Bornman 253 36. G.D.L. (Deneys) Schreiner 254 37. A.D.M. (David) Walker 258 38. J.A.J. (Waldo) Meester 260 39. R.M. (Rob) Gous 262 40. Y.K. (Yacoob) Seedat 276 41. F. (Fatima) Meer 285 42. W.A. (Wilfred) Owen 305 43. E.B. (Exton) Burchell 316 44. A.G. (Alfred) Rooks 319 45. E. (Ellie) Newman (caricature) 322 46. D. (David) McQuoid-Mason (caricature) 322 47. K.H.C. (Kenneth) McIntyre 323 48. S. (Soromini) Kallichurum 325 49. R.H. (Hugh) Philpott 326 50. J.J.W. (John) Aitchison 348 51. A.K.B. (Athlone) Skinner 368 52. O.P.F. (Owen Pieter Faure) Horwood 370 53. D.E. (Donald) Schauder 391 54. F.E. (Francis Edgar) Stock 407 55. B.A. (Bernard Albert) Armitage 413 FOREWORD It is a fortunate coincidence that both the author and I attended the University of Natal during the period 1949 to 1976, first as students and later as members of the academic staff. Consequently, we are fairly familiar with the course of events during that period. This book’s ten chapters each have well-chosen headings and are further sub-divided into sections that deal comprehensively with matters relating to those particular aspects. Professor Bill Guest is clearly a people person and it is uncanny how well-known and lesser-known characters flashed up on my memory screen while reading this work. For example, Chapter 1 highlights the sharp divisions that emerged between those who favoured further campus development in Durban and those who pushed the claims of Pietermaritzburg. The Faculty of Agriculture became a further bone of contention. Even that very level-headed Scotsman the Reverend Professor Robert Craig was tempted to weigh in about what he called this ‘common room neurosis’. In Chapter 4, which deals with student life in the 1950s, Jack Frost (well known to Maritzburgers), is mentioned riding his pedal-powered bicycle (no sports sedan) from Oribi Village to the main Scottsville campus. Many former students of that era will remember (fondly?) Oribi Residence and how it was run under the watchful eyes of ‘Doc Black’ and Dr Lindsay Young. Mention is also made of that truly unique couple in the Zoology Department, Professor ‘Jakes’ Ewer and his wife ‘Griff’, who smoked a pipe. The former would start his practical classes with ‘on with the show and let joy be unconfined’. Both were active members of the Dramatic Society. In Chapter 5 the University’s desperate campaign in the late 1950s to maintain autonomous control of its hard-won, blacks-only Faculty of Medicine is described. It seemed to be a never-ending battle. Further on, in Chapter 10, the protracted selection procedure to appoint a Principal in succession to E.G. Malherbe is sketched. Professor Owen Horwood emerged from a long list of powerful applicants and thereafter, amidst the turbulence of his contentious term of office, the University’s physical development continued unabated. Among many other staff members who are highlighted is Mrs ‘Stoffie’ Mey who worked her way up the ladder from administrative clerk to become a cornerstone of the University’s Research Department where her competence earned the praise of active researchers. I believe that this book will revive wonderful memories for all former students and staff of the University of Natal. Professor (Emeritus) Siegfried E.
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