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Miss Emily's Unfulfillment of Love in William Faulkner's A Hidayatul et al., Miss Emily’s Unfulfillment of love in William Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily 1 MISS EMILY’S UNFULFILLMENT OF LOVE IN WILLIAM FAULKNER’S A ROSE FOR EMILY (Keidakterpenuhan Cinta Miss Emily dalam Cerita Pendek A Rose for Emily Karya William Faulkner) Hidayatul, Ikwan Setiawan, Meilia Adiana Department, Faculty of Letters, Jember University Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember 68121 e-mail: senandungtimur @gmail.com Abstrak Artikel ini membahas tentang ketidakterpenuhan cinta yang dialami tokoh utama dalam cerita pendek A Rose for Emily karya William Faulkner. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui arti cinta menurut persepsi tokoh utama, efek dari tidak terpenuhinya cinta yg dialami tokoh utama dan hubungan antara kehidupan pengarang sebagai pembuat karya sastra dengan karya sastranya yang berjudul A Rose for Emily. Kajian ini menggunakan teori Abraham H. Maslow tentang motivasi dan kepribadian bahwa seseorang akan terus berusaha dengan berbagai cara untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan hasaratnya. Didukung dengan teori Sigmund Freud dengan Eros dn Thanatosnya bahwa dalam diri setiap manusia memiliki insting untuk hidup dan insting untuk mati. Hasil dari kajian ini menunjukan bahwa karakter Miss Emily menggambarkan seorang wanita yang menjadi stres setelah ayahnya meninggal dan menjadi semakin depresi setelah seorang bernama Baron yang begitu dicintainya ternyata adalah seorang laki-laki yang tidak berkomitmen pada sebuah pernikahan. Miss Emily menjadi berani setelah ayahnya meninggal, menujukkan betapa tangguhnya dia menjadi wanita mandiri hingga memiliki keberanian menjadi seorang pembunuh demi memenuhi keinginanya. Kepribadian mandiri yang kuat yang dimiliki oleh Miss Emily memiliki beberapa kesamaan dengan karakter dari ibu sang pengarang. Kata kunci: eros, pengarang, motivasi dan kepribadian, tokoh utama, thanatos. Abstract This article discusses the unfulfillment of love experienced by the main character in the short story A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner. The purpose of this study is to know the meaning of love by the main character, the effect of unfulfillment of love that experienced by the main character and the relationship between the author's life as a creator literary works with his work A Rose for Emily. This study uses the theory by Abraham H. Maslow that is Motivation and Personality that someone will keep trying in various ways to fulfill his needs. Supported theory by Sigmund Freud with Eros and Thanatos that every human being has life instinct and death instinct. The results of this study shows that the character of Miss Emily depicts a woman who became stressed after his father died and became increasingly depressed after a man named Baron whom she loves is a man who does not commit on a marriage. The independent of Miss Emily after his father died, shows how woman have a courage to become a murderer in order to fulfill her desire. A strong character owned by Miss Emily has some similarities with the character of the author's mother. Keywords: eros, the authors, motivation and personality, main character, thanatos. Introduction characterized by grotesque, or fantastic incidents. The Southern Gothic movement in literature brings the atmosphere and sensibilities of the Gothic, genre originating in late 18th century England, to the American South. William Faulkner’s short story entitled A Rose for Emily Southern Gothic literature is built on the traditions of the is included in the Southern Gothic genre. The Editors of larger Gothic genre, typically including supernatural Encyclopedia Britannica (2014) states that Southern Gothic elements, and mental illness. is a style of writing practiced by many writers of the One of his short stories A Rose for Emily published on American South whose stories set in that region is April 30, 1930 is categorized as Southern Gothic genre. The Artikel Ilmiah Mahasiswa 2016 Hidayatul et al., Miss Emily’s Unfulfillment of love in William Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily 2 story takes place in Faulkner’s fictional city that is Lafayette Qualitative research is used to explain and explore the County, Jefferson, Mississippi. The short story is a source information and the facts. The required data in this for film and song, including actress Anjelica Huston in the qualitative research are the narrations and statements form. same title A Rose for Emily, first released in October 1983. This research method is used to analyze the process Miss This short story tells about the unfulfillment of love of Emily becomes an abnormal person because of her Miss Emily. This unfulfillment of love makes her doing personality as the impact of her father’s death and Baron abnormal behavior. It happens after her father’s death. Miss rejects on marriage in the short story A Rose for Emily by Emily as a figure of traditional old South has to maintain William Faulkner. the tradition. But on the other side she is just a woman who Every research always has a way to collect the data that is needs love and beloved. Therefore, she does the abnormal used in the process of analyzing. Blaxter, et al, (2006: 154) behavior by killing Baron and keeping his corpse in her stated that documentary method is a method in collecting room. She sleeps with the corpse until she died. In her life, data by using written materials as a basis for the research. It Miss Emily does not feel a sense of belonging and owned can be very useful techniques for collecting data in which by his father. She was isolated from the community by her father. This happens because her father is a former of the records of the previous research and the material are fighters. Therefore his father made an order that Miss considered as the source of particular topic. Emily was not allowed to interact with people. There are two data that are used in this research. The first The Theory of Personality and Motivation by Abraham is primary data about Miss Emily’s abnormal behavior taken Harold Maslow is needed for the analysis. Then this in the narration and statement from short story A Rose for analysis is also supported by the theory of Eros and Emily by William Faulkner. And the secondary data are all Thanatos by Sigmund Freud. According to Maslow (1970), information about theory of motivation and personality by there are five stages in Hierarchy Theory of Needs. The Abraham H. Maslow, and the theory Eros and Thanatos by first is Physiological Needs. In the second phase, called the Sigmund Freud, the biography of William Faulkner, and the Safety Needs. The next stage is Belongingness and Love previous researches that are taken from thesis, books, Needs. The fourth stage is Esteem Needs, and the last stage journals, and websites. The data from A Rose for Emily will is Self-actualization Needs. be sorted by close reading and taking some notes for This discussion is interesting because the short story important information and something related to the topic. describes the unfulfillment of love of Miss Emily as the The data of A Rose for Emily will be connected with the main character. Since her love is not fulfilled, Miss Emily theory of personality and motivation by Abraham H. Maslow does the abnormal behavior. There are three factors the and Eros and Thanatos by Sigmund Freud. Then the data love of Miss Emily is not fulfilled and make her do the from A Rose for Emily will be classified by choosing the abnormal behavior. They are family condition, Miss statements and dialogue related to the unfulfillment of love Emily’s personality, and the social condition. The of Miss Emily. The data are also taken from books, websites, unfulfillment of love of Miss Emily is interesting because journal, thesis as the source of the material that related to the the main character in the short story is a woman who is topic. commonly considered weak. In opposite, Miss Emily is brave to do uncommon action; she kills a person named Shaw (1972: 107) inductive method a process of general Baron. Miss Emily kills Baron because he is a man that thinking that sets out from particular data to general related does not want to commit marriage. This situation portrays to the story. In this thesis, the research begins with the the woman who has the courage to break the rules of analysis of A Rose for Emily’s short story. Firstly, the woman that is weak, tender, and full of love. Besides, the analysis particularly starts from analyzing love experienced topic the unfulfillment of love is also interesting because by Miss Emily as the main character through personal when the love of human is not fulfilled they will do description, and dialogue. The second is to analyze the anything to fill it although the last way is by killing her or effect of the unfulfilled of love in Miss Emily’s life because his lover. of the personality of Miss Emily, family’s condition or This research has three problem, they are love for Emily, childhood, and social factors that is the town’s people and the effect of unfulfillment of love, and the relation between Homer Barron. The third step in analyzing goes to the the authors and his work. The purposes of this research are particular problems of William Faulkner as the author to find the meaning of love by the main character, the effect related to the problem of the main character in the short of unfulfillment of love, and the relation between the life of story. Once again, the primary data will be analyzed by the authors as the creator of literary work and his work. using the theory of Personality and Motivation by Abraham H. Maslow and Eros and Thanatos by Sigmund Freud. Then the conclusion is drawn as the general reasoning of this thesis.
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