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[ EI L.Apt;tc7 9~Apr [ /~-2~ 3 1176 01326 7670 -c 12--' .... 15~831 'I - • T • H • E OHIO 6tf SfA1E UNIVERSm' 1 • • 1 j I.D. luralde A.l. biDet 1, I.J. Gupta • I.B. Menu P.B. Pathak .. L. Peters, Jr • 1.. The Ohio State UtIiYelIi.., 1 " I J EI"-troS,;ern:e laboratory j DIfI DrtncM .. a.ctricaI be-eriRt ,..It c...... ow. 4212 ~ ~. (11Sl-CB-18312ij) B1D1B ceoss SECTIOS Ji88-26565 .. STODIES/CO~PACT BilGE BESE1BCB F~n~l iepo~t \1 1 (Ohio State Dnh.) 66 P CSC1. 111 1 Qllclas 1 GJ/32 0154831 I ! t Pinal Report No. 716148-31 Grant No. NSG-1613 June 1988 llational Aeronautic; Mel Spaee AdaJftistratioa Langley Fc!~arch C~nter Ha~pton. VA 23665 san"1t .. ~- IINft ~AT1OII IL IIPOU ... 1& ......... .. ,.. .......... ~-- ..! JUDe ....1988 RADAR CROSS SECTIO. STUDIES/CtltPACT lWICE RESEARCH .. , ........,., W.D. Burnside. A.K. Dominek. I.J. Gupta. &"' .. .~ 716148-31 ..... - E.lI. Newman. P.H. Pathak and L ............ 00 ....___ ,...... Peters Jr. .......-n_____ The Ohio State University •. ElectroSclence Laboratory • .. c...ctICl_ ~ ... 1320 Kinnear Road to Columbus. Ohio 43212 .. NSG-1613 u. ---.op .&T,.. ................ c-. National Aeronautics---"-- and Space Adalnistration Fioal Report Langley Research Center Hampton. VA 2366S .. at.. ... ..,-- __ n_,._ This report represents • su.aary of the achlev~ents on Grant NSC-1613 betveen The Ohio State University and the National Aeronautics and Space Ad.lnistratlon flO. Kay 1, 1987 to April 30. 1988. The ..jor topic. associated vith this study are as follovs: 1. Electroaagnetic scattering analysis 2. Indoor scattering lleasureaent systeas 3. RCS control 4. Vavefora processing techniques 5. Katerial scattering and design studies 6. Design and evaluation of standard targets. and 7. Antenna studies. Major progress has been ..de in each of these areas as verified by the nuaerous publications. ".a...-~ .. 0 ...... -'~T_ c COSAn'_~ ... II. ........ c-. n_---,. 11 ............ ----..- l:rclassifled 61 ... _......,~n-..~ n ...... I -c1J~<;ii!c!l ~ ~ J1214-11 • ... ---- __f'''-'''' HT,s,...Jt" .. c_ 1 TAILI or UIIIIWIS Cbapter A. ...••.....•....••.•••.•.••••..•.•....•.•••..•.••... 1 I. PAST ACBIEVIIIDlI'S •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1 1. Electroaa,netic Scatterina Analysis 1 a. UTD Extensions for Scatteri", •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 2 b. Plat Plate Scattering •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 2 c. Physieal Optics Correction ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3 d. Lov Frequency scattering Code •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 e. Bistatic Scattering fra. a Cone Frustu. •••••••••••••••• 4 f. External Scattering fra. Jet Intakes ••••••••••••••••••• • ,. Reflection fro. Edge Like Structures ••••••••••••••••••• 5 2. RCS co.puter Codes •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 a. Aerodynaalc/EH Interface ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 b. Flat Plate Scattering Code ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 7 c. Scattertng Analysts and Codes •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8 d. LoY Frequency Scattering Code •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8 3. Indoor Scattering Heasure ..nt Systeas ••••••••••••••••••••• 8 a. Heasuresent Bardvare ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9 b. Target Hounts •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10 c. eo.pact Range Reflector Develop.ent •••••••••••••••••••• 12 d. Staulation of Coapact Range Reflector Systeas •••••••••• 13 e. Feed [)e-signs ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 14 f. Absorber Scattering Study.............................. 15 g. OSU/ESL Compact Range I.prov~.ents ••••••••••••••••••••• 16 4. CoIttrol of Res •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 16 5. Vavefora Processing Techniques •••••.•••••••••••••••••••••• 17 6. Katerial Study •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 19 7. Design and Evaluation of Standard Targets ••••••••••••••••• 20 8. Aircraft Blockage of Ground-Satellite Link •••••••••••••••• 22 9. Inlet Internal Scattering Analysis ••••••.••••••••••••••••• 22 10. Antenna Studies •.•••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 25 a. Array Scan Iapedance •••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 25 b. Hlcrostrip Scatterlng •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 25 ORFY'F:f)rNG PAGE BLAr-TK NOT FTI..MED iii 11. ............................. 27 a. Roush Surface •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 27 • b. Resistive Cards •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 28 e. Contour Ii. Ialets ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 28 d. laps ................................................ 28 C. PllSEIr PROGRAM ACBIEVEKENTS ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 29 1. lDdoor Seatterine Keasur~nt Systea •••••••••••••••••••••• 29 a. Coapaet Rance Refleetor Deyelo~nt •••••••••••••••••••• 29 b. Measur~t Hardware ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 31 c. Target Mounts •••••.•.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 32 d. Absorber Seattering Study.............................. 33 e. Cross Range Processing for Antenna Patterns •••••••••••• 34 f. ReeeDt Indoor Scattering lleasurellellt Publications 35 2. Katerial Study 41 a. Recent Publications .••••.••••••.•••••••••••••••.••••••• 42 3. Vavefora Processing Techniques •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 43 4. Electr~tie Scattering Analysis ••••••••••••••••••••••• 44 a. Physical Optics Correction ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 44 b. Finite Difference calculations ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 45 c. Blectra-agnetie Studies ••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••..• 45 s. Antenna Studi~s ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 47 a. Microstrip Antenna Analysis •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 47 b. Slotline Antenna Analysis •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 48 6. Inlet Scattering •....•.•.•••••••••••.•••..••••••••••.••••• SO 7. Antenna Cavity Scattering ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 51 8. Propfan Blade Scattering •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 53 9. Klscellaneous "easur~nts •.•••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••• 54 a. Surface Conductivity ••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 54 b. IUles ........................... w ••••••••••••••••••••• 54 c. S tar!:tod:y ••••••••..•••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 55 d. Recent Publications •..•••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••• 55 REFERENCES 57 iv A. DitOUUCtlGa '!be Elec:troSdence Laboratory has been c:onduc:t1q a general study of evaluattaa scattered fields. The uhi_te pal of tbis research baa been to generate experl~tal techniques and c:o.puter codes of rather cmeral capabiU tf that would enable tbe Aerospace Industry to evaluate the scatterlq properties of aerodynulc shapes. Another goal involves developln, a sufficient understanding of scatteriq ~ls.s so that 8Odification of the vebicular structure could be introduced witbin constraints set by aerodynaalcists. Last but not least. a ..jor goal has been tbe develop8eDt of indoor scattering 8easure8eDt systeas witb spedal attention given to the C08pac:t range. There bas been Yery substantial progress under Grant NSG 1613 in advancing tbe state-of­ the-.rt of scattering .easureaents, control and analysis of the electroaagnetic scattering fro. general targets. B. PAST ACBIEVBItEH'IS 1. B1ectra.petlc Scattering ADalysls After a careful review of the analytic techniques available for handling the scattering fro. co.plex targets such as .issl1es an~ aircraft, It vas very apparent that additional tools vere needed. In order to confir. this evaluation, various targets were analyzed and .easured to Illustrate the magnitude of the probl... It appeared that presently available codes and solutions, although very inefficient in most cases, could be used for sost basic shapes. Hovever, as ODe attespted to ~hape the target, nev mechanisms vere needed to be added to 1 cOliplete the solutio. but in uny cases vere aot avallable. Thus, a ..jor effort of tbls research vas to solve these probl.... a. om Ixt_l_ for Scatterillc The pneral concepts of tbe basic Gl'D and scatterina analysis bave been extended throup tbe adyent of the U1'D aDd Its extendolUl Ybleb are useful for solYing a .ucb broader class of probleas. First, the equivalent current concept has been extended by Introducing a creeping vave patb frOil tbe sWov boundary to the diffracting edge. This has been used to obtain .uch better agree.ent vitb experiaental data for low level scatteriD( analysis of cones at non-nor-.! incidence. This Is quite laportant for low scattering aissile shapes. Next, tbe concept of corner diffraction vas developed. This has been used to analytically obtain the scatteriD( of certain sha~s for which rather high experiaental scattering values have been reported elsewhere. This is iaportant in teras of scattering analysis of fins and vings and their control. This viII be discussed in the control section later. Ve have &ade a series of aeasur~ts for several generations of aissile shapes provided by NASA and have obtained excellent agreeaent betveen theoretical and experbental t'esults. Experiaental patterns have been repeated after various features (such as fins and the RAM-JET engines) vere ad~ed. b. Flat Plate Scattering One of the do.lnant scatterers on £isslles and aircraft takes the fora of fins, wings, stabilizers, etc., that can be represented as flat 2 plates. It bas been shown by experi.nts that the scattering can be controlled by shaping such structures. Since there are ex.. ples in the literature of unexplained high scatt~ring fro. such structures, it becoees i_portant to study such structures quite carefully. A dissertation entitled ·uro Analysis of Electroaagnetic Scattering by Flat Plate Structures· by F. Sikta (11 has been coapleted ~n this subject. It ..tes use of the corner diffraction coefficient, the equivalent currents and a novel edge wave analysis based on corner diffraction to
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