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Communist international Anniversary Edition The DAILY WORKER Join the Workers (Commun- I Raises the Standard for ist) Party During the a Workers* and Farm- Seventh Year! THE ■stored as Second-class matter September 21, I*2l, at the (Mice at Chicago, Illinois under the Aot of March 3, 1871. Forward to ers* Government DAILY Mat WORKER. Communism! In Chicago, hy mall, SB.OO per year. 290 Published daily except Sunday by THE DAILY WOHKER Vol. 11. No. 45. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Outside Chicago, by mall, $6.00 per year. THURSDAY, MARCH 1925 PUBLISHING CO., 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, lIL Price 3 Cents FORIpD TO WORLD VICTORY! Respond to Call of Communist 1 1— ■■ i ' International '<■» ■ GALL FOR FIRST WORLD ‘ MANKIND IS THROWING CONGRESS OF COMMUNIST Russian Workers and Peasants Take One-Sixth of the Earth OFF g I __ SLAVERY IN ITS INTERNATIONAL ISSUED .. LAST SURVIVING FORM .-(From the Call for the First By VLADIMIR ILYTCH World Congress of the Communist LENIN Intrenatlonal.) Third (Communist) Intern* THEtlonal has garnered • • • the fruN of the labors of the (toolaL "T"HE undersigned parties or or- Seoond let) International, casting off the r* * ganizations are of the opinion fuse of Ita opportunist, tooial-oha* that the first congress of the new vlnlstlc, bourgeois and lower middle* Revolutionary International must class tendencies, and haa set eus to be convened without achieve the dictatorship of Mm fall. In the proletariat. period of war and revolution it has not only become evident The International union of parttag that the directing -
222 Stanisław Salmonowicz
Acta Poloniae Historica 100, 2009 PL ISSN 0001-6892 Stanisław Salmonowicz BETWEEN TERROR AND MANIPULATION: THE POLISH INTELLIGENTSIA IN THE FACE OF STALINISM ‘During the German occupation we all knew war was being waged and one day victory would come. But at that time it seemed that darkness would last for ever’. Reverend Józef Tischner in 1950 ‘Today there are only three ways out: PPR (Polish Work ers’ Party), NSZ (National Armed Forces) or suicide. Joining the first is a shame, the second is stupidity, so are we really left with one choice — a suicide?’ A girl — from the high school in 1948 ‘I was personally amazed at the speed with which the Polish creative intelligentsia liberated themselves from the self-abasement in which they were plunged by the Stalinist terror. They became a leading force in the processes which led to the Polish October’. Jan Nowak-Jeziorański in 1994 I begin with three quotations which I treat as mottoes for my ar ticle. They view the sad years 1945-56 as if from three standpoints and though they do not exhaust the whole gamut of references, they show the complexity of that era and the difficulty of giving it a black-and-white appraisal. I should like to start by specifying the character of this paper. The subject ‘Intellectuals and Stalinism’ has received hundreds of various types of analyses and comments. The broader theme, www.rcin.org.pl 222 STANISŁAW SALMONOWICZ ‘Stalinism and the Intelligentsia’ has also aroused many written reflections both of the participants — witnesses of that era, and researchers — sociologists, psychologists and historians of litera ture; the least frequent opinions about this question have perhaps been expressed by professional historians. -
The Rise and Fall of World Communism 1917–Present
The Rise and Fall of World Communism 1917–Present CHAPTER OVERVIEW CHAPTER LEARNING OBJECTIVES • To examine the nature of the Russian and Chinese revolutions and how the differences between those revolutions affected the introduction of communist regimes in those countries • To consider how communist states developed, especially in the USSR and the People’s Republic of China • To consider the benefits of a communist state • To consider the harm caused by the two great communist states of the twentieth century • To introduce students to the cold war and its major issues • To explore the reasons why communism collapsed in the USSR and China • To consider how we might assess the communist experience . and to inquire if historians should be asking such questions about moral judgment CHAPTER OUTLINE I. Opening Vignette A. The Berlin Wall was breached on November 9, 1989. 1. built in 1961 to seal off East Berlin from West Berlin 2. became a major symbol of communist tyranny B. Communism had originally been greeted by many as a promise of liberation. 1. communist regimes had transformed their societies 2. provided a major political/ideological threat to the Western world a. the cold war (1946–1991) b. scramble for influence in the third world between the United States and the USSR c. massive nuclear arms race 3. and then it collapsed II. Global Communism A. Communism had its roots in nineteenth-century socialism, inspired by Karl Marx. 1. most European socialists came to believe that they could achieve their goals through the democratic process 2. those who defined themselves as “communists” in the twentieth century advocated revolution 3. -
Short Guide to Fiction Writing Under Communism. the Case of Romania
Romanica Cracoviensia 15 (2015): 173–182 doi: 10.4467/20843917RC.15.012.4279 www.ejournals.eu/Romanica-Cracoviensia Manuela Cazan University of Bucharest University of Auckland SHORT GUIDE TO FICTION WRITING UNDER COMMUNISM. THE CASE OF ROMANIA ABSTRACT The study reviews the circumstances under which fiction was published in Romania under the 50 years of communism – censorship, writers’ associations, publishing houses – and illustrates them with Norman Manea’s essays in his volume On Clowns: the Dictator and the Artist . KEY WORDS: fiction writing, Communism, Romania. [I]n a country where, until very recently, historiography and political philosophy were not allowed to question official ideology, literature often had to perform that function under the cover of its metaphoric indirection . (Călinescu 1991: 246) This study starts from the obvious fact that reading literature in countries under com- munism was a quite different experience than reading literature in the West. It begins by detailing the differences, starting with an analysis of the historical evolution of the role of the intellectual in East-Central European countries, as presented in Leon Volo- vici’s volume The Emergence of the Writer in Romanian Culture (Apariţia scriitorului în cultura română , 2004) It continues with an analysis of ‘the political mission of writers in the “people’s democracies,”’ based on Lucia Dragomir’s study in the collect- ive volume The Socialist Transformation. Politics of the Communist Regime between Ideology and Administration (“Transformarea socialistă.” Politici ale regimului comu- nist între ideologie şi administraţie , 2009) in order to identify how and why fiction writers there ended up committing, in Manea’s words, “the sin of dilettantism, (...) a remnant of the communist period, when the reader wanted to find in literature what he could not find in history, sociology, psychology, etc. -
Gandhi and India: the Dream and Reality of India
GANDHI AND INDIA: THE DREAM AND REALITY OF INDIA Anthony Thomas Schultz Department of History History 489 Capstone Paper Copyright for this work is owned by the author. This digital version is published by McIntyre Library, University of Wisconsin Eau Claire with the consent of the author. Contents ABSTRACT 3 INTRODUCTION 4 The Rise of Mahatma Gandhi 7 Satyagraha (Non-Violent Resistance) 9 The hopes and dreams for India 13 India after Gandhi 20 The people of India 30 CONCLUSION 36 WORKS CITED 38 2 Abstract India has been one of the fastest growing nations in the world in the past couple of decades. India, like the United States, was once under British rule. M.K. Gandhi and many others tried and were successful in pushing British rule out of their country and forging their own nation. Once India was freed from British rule, many of India’s prominent figures had views and dreams for the course the country would take, especially Gandhi. Today, India is a thriving country, with a population of over a billion, and is a major player in world political affairs. However, some wonder if Gandhi’s dream for India came true or if it is still a work in progress. This paper attempts to examine the ideal that Gandhi had in mind during the final years of his life and compare it to today’s modern day India. By looking at Gandhi’s own original work from his autobiography, his other writings and some sources from individuals that he worked with, it will give a picture of what Gandhi might have wanted for India. -
Sectioning" the Material
INFORMATION TO USERS This dlsssrtatlon was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been ussd, the quality is heavily dependent upon tha quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques Is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparentiy lacking from the document photographed Is "Missing Page(s)". If It was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or ssctlon, they are spliced Into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an Imago and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an Image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, It is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred Image. You will find a good Image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continua photoing from left to right In equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again - beginning below the first row and continuing on ·until complete. 4. The majority of users Indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. -
Introduction the Vietnamese Revolution in World History
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-15402-5 — Vietnam's Communist Revolution Tuong Vu Excerpt More Information Introduction The Vietnamese Revolution in World History The odds are stacked against revolutionaries in any society. Most have never had a chance to wield state power because even weak govern- ments command sufi cient forces to defeat them. Even if revolutions suc- cessfully overthrow the ancien régime , young revolutionary states from France to Russia have often faced powerful foreign enemies that make their survival even more remarkable. This book focuses on Vietnam as one of those rare exceptions in modern world history when revolution succeeded and endured. In this study, I trace the worldview of Vietnamese revolutionaries over an eighty- year period, starting from the 1920s when they were a band of outlaws who dreamed of building a communist paradise; through the decades in between, when they struggled to seize power, build a new society, and defeat foreign interventions; and to the late 1980s when they attempted in vain to save socialism at home and abroad. The revolu- tion effectively ended then, but its legacies are surprisingly resilient: the communist regime is under tremendous pressure for change but has stubbornly refused to abandon its widely discredited ideology. Thus, this book places ideology at the center of nearly a century of modern Vietnamese history. I argue that ideology helped Vietnamese communists persevere against great odds, but did not lead them to success and left behind dismal legacies. In the popular image, Vietnamese revolutionaries appear as pragmatic nationalists who inherited strong patriotic traditions and whose heroism deserves great admiration. -
Marxism Since the Communist Manifesto
University of Central Florida STARS PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements 1-1-1961 Marxism since the Communist manifesto Alfred G. Meyers Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Book is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Meyers, Alfred G., "Marxism since the Communist manifesto" (1961). PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements. 22. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism/22 MARXISM SINCE THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO Ihe A4mcrim Httorlcal As¶datim, haguae at a eontiriw the teaching of history in the schd d the UzkiW esW&hcd the Wet Center for T&m cif Risary to offa qmWtive dtmce in m1ving some of the ptddum which tala7 beset ,the classraom teacher. me of the p- bdng sponsored by the Service Cmter is the prepiwaticb d a series of pampS1;1tts, each containing a eon& summary d pubkatio~~.@ectbg rt9:etwt research and new inte][prctatirms in a particular fidd d history. Prompted by an awarmea of the fact that the avaage 9condsry ~dmo1teacher has neither the time nor the opportunity to keep up with monographic litera- these pamphlets are specifically dt- dgnd to make available to the cl-m instructor a summary of pertinent trends aqd devdopments in historical study. Our aim is, in short, to help the teachem Up ems selves by keeping up to date in thdr fields d hiterest. -
The Communist International, the Soviet Union,And Their Impact on the Latin America Workers’ Movement
The Communist International, the Soviet Union,and their impact on the Latin America Workers’ Movement DAN LA BOTZ Abstract: The Soviet Union and A L the Communist International had an adverse influence on the Latin CONTRA American workers’ movement, ), 1957-1964. continually diverting it fighting for UCIÓN L a democratic socialist society. They ALHE T REVO A DE subordinated the workers’ movements L ( to the interests of the Soviet . Union’s ruling class, the Communist IQUEIROS PORFIRIANA bureaucracy. At one moment, they led S the workers’ movement in disastrous ARO F L uprisings, while in a subsequent era A they encouraged it to build alliances DICTADURA AVID with capitalist and imperialist power. D Keywords: Soviet Union. Communist International. Communist Parties. Cuba. Workers Movement. A Internacional Comunista, a União Soviética e seu impacto no movimento de trabalhadores da América Latina Resumo: A União Soviética e a Internacional Comunista tiveram uma influência adversa no movimento latino-americano de trabalhadores, frequentemente, distraindo-o de sua luta por uma sociedade socialista democrática. Ambas subordinaram os movimentos de trabalhadores aos interesses da classe dominante na União Soviética, a burocracia comunista. Em um momento, dirigiram o movimento de trabalhadores para levantes desastrosos, DAN LA BOTZ enquanto em um período subsequente encorajaram-no a fazer alianças com Ph.D in American history and poderes capitalistas e imperialistas. professor at the Murphy Institute, the Palavras-chaves: União Soviética. labor school of the City University Internacional Comunista. Partidos of New York. He is the author of ten Comunistas. Cuba. Movimento de books on labor, social movements, Trabalhadores. and politics in the United States, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Indonesia. -
The Political and Social Thought of Lewis Corey
70-13,988 BROWN, David Evan, 19 33- THE POLITICAL AND SOCIAL THOUGHT OF LEWIS COREY. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1969 Political Science, general University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED THE POLITICAL AND SOCIAL THOUGHT OF LEWIS COREY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By David Evan Brown, B.A, ******* The Ohio State University 1969 Approved by Adviser Department of Political Science PREFACE On December 2 3 , 1952, Lewis Corey was served with a warrant for his arrest by officers of the U, S, Department of Justice. He was, so the warrant read, subject to deportation under the "Act of October 16 , 1 9 1 8 , as amended, for the reason that you have been prior to entry a member of the following class: an alien who is a member of an organi zation which was the direct predecessor of the Communist Party of the United States, to wit The Communist Party of America."^ A hearing, originally arranged for April 7» 1953» but delayed until July 27 because of Corey's poor health, was held; but a ruling was not handed down at that time. The Special Inquiry Officer in charge of the case adjourned the hearing pending the receipt of a full report of Corey's activities o during the previous ten years. [The testimony during the hearing had focused primarily on Corey's early writings and political activities.] The hearing was not reconvened, and the question of the defendant's guilt or innocence, as charged, was never formally settled. -
American Opinion of the Soviet/Vatican Struggle 1917-1933
University of Central Florida STARS Retrospective Theses and Dissertations 1988 American opinion of the soviet/vatican struggle 1917-1933 Jeffrey P. Begeal University of Central Florida Part of the History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/rtd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Begeal, Jeffrey P., "American opinion of the soviet/vatican struggle 1917-1933" (1988). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 4260. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/rtd/4260 AMERICA N CPJ}:-TON· Of· THE SOVIET/VATI CAN STRUGGLE 1917-1933 BY JEFFREY PAUL BEGEAL B.A., Mercer University, 1982 THESIS .Submi.·ct~!d. in partial fulfillment of the requirements f o r the Master of Arts dEgree in History in the Graduate Studies Program of the College of Arts and Sciences University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Fall Term 1988 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface -·················· .,.,. • 1o1 ••··· .. ··•• »••···.,······ iii Chapter I. THE REVOLUTION OF MARCH 1917 ................ 1 II. THE REVOLUTION OF NOVEMBER 1917 .............. 12 III. THE GENOA CONFERENCE, 1922 .................. 26 IV. THE CATHOLIC CLERGY TRIAL, 1923 .. .......... 41 v. THE FAMINE RELIEF MISSION OF 1921-1924 ...... 56 VI. THE PRAYER CRUSADE OF 1930 .................. 65 VII. THE RECOGNITION DEBATE, 1933 ................ 78 Conclusion . 91 NOTES . 96 APPENDIX I WALSH TO CREEDEN, 27 SEPTEMBER 1923 . ..... 105 APPENDIX II WORKS CONSULTED .......................... 108 WORKS CITED 114 PREFACE The first sixteen years of the history of Soviet/ Vatican relaticns represented one of the most profound ideological and political struggles of the twentieth century. -
LENIN the DICTATOR an Intimate Portrait
LENIN THE DICTATOR An Intimate Portrait VICTOR SEBESTYEN LLeninenin TThehe DDictatorictator - PP4.indd4.indd v 117/01/20177/01/2017 112:372:37 First published in Great Britain in 2017 by Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 © Victor Sebestyen 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of both the copyright owner and the above publisher. The right of Victor Sebestyen to be identifi ed as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. HB ISBN 978 1 47460044 6 TPB 978 1 47460045 3 Typeset by Input Data Services Ltd, Bridgwater, Somerset Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY Weidenfeld & Nicolson The Orion Publishing Group Ltd Carmelite House 50 Victoria Embankment London EC4Y 0DZ An Hachette UK Company www.orionbooks.co.uk LLeninenin TThehe DDictatorictator - PP4.indd4.indd vvii 117/01/20177/01/2017 112:372:37 In Memory of C. H. LLeninenin TThehe DDictatorictator - PP4.indd4.indd vviiii 117/01/20177/01/2017 112:372:37 MAPS LLeninenin TThehe DDictatorictator - PP4.indd4.indd xxii 117/01/20177/01/2017 112:372:37 NORTH NORWAY London SEA (independent 1905) F SWEDEN O Y H C D U N D A D L Stockholm AN IN GR F Tammerfors FRANCE GERMANGERMAN EMPIRE Helsingfors EMPIRE BALTIC Berlin SEA Potsdam Riga