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Moral and Political Education in China

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Moral and Political Education in China 1 Xi Lan, Tilman Grammes Moral and Political Education in China Hamburger Studientexte Didaktik Sozialwissenschaften, Bd. 7 Universität Hamburg, Fakultät Erziehungswissenschaft, 2015 2 3 National Song of People’s Republic of China 起来! Arise, ye who refuse to be slaves! With our flesh and blood, let us build our new 不愿做奴隶的人们! Great Wall! 把我们的血肉, 筑成我们新的长城! The Chinese nation faces its greatest danger. 中华民族到了 最危险的时候, From each one the urgent call for action comes 每个人被迫着 发出最后的吼声! forth. Arise! Arise! Arise! 起来! 起来! 起来! Millions with but one heart, 我们万众一心, 冒着敌人的炮火 Braving the enemy's fire. 前进, March on! Braving the enemy's fire. 冒着敌人的炮火 March on! March on! March on! 前进! 前进! 前进!进!! 4 5 Contents Xi Lan, Tilman Grammes Introduction ………........................…......................09 Chapter 1: Curriculum Standards School system in China ..................................................................................17 National Curriculum Description for Compulsory Education ...........................18 Regional Curriculum Description for Compulsory Education (Example From a City in North China) ............................................................19 National Curriculum Description for Ordinary High School .............................20 Selected Translation of Curricula ................. ..................................................21 Chapter 2: Rationale Haili Zhou Me in Monday Morning ..................................................................45 Chapter 3: Moral Education Grade 4, Morality and Society. Unit 4, Take care of others. Lesson 2, Give others a hand of love. Page 76 .......................................................................55 Grade 4, Morality and Society. Unit 4, Take care of others. Lesson 3, My neighbors and associates. Page 82................................................................59 Grade 5, Morality and Society. Unit 1, Honesty with my whole life. Lesson 2, Honesty is more worthy than gold. Page 9 .....................................................63 Grade 5, Morality and Society. Unit 2, Our democratic life. Lesson 2, Who make decision in collective. Page 30 ..............................................................67 Grade 8, Ideology and Morality. Unit 4, Art of communication. Lesson 4, The world becomes wide when you considerate for others. Page 101 ........................................................................................................71 Grade 9, Ideology and Morality. Unit 1, Take responsibility, service the society. Lesson 1, The role and the responsibility. Page 4 ..........................................75 Regulations for Primary and Middle School Students (Exposure Draft)(In German Language) ........................................................................................79 6 Chapter 4: Lesson Plan Jingrong Wang Lesson Plan The Nature of People’s Democratic Dictatorship: the people being masters of the country .........................................................87 Jingrong Wang Slide: The Nature of People’s Democratic Dictatorship, the people being masters of the country ............................................................. .95 Chapter 5: Textbook Ordinary high school. Subject Ideology and Politic. Required Course 2, Political Life. Lesson 1, Living in the Country of Which the People are the Masters. Part 1The Nature of People’s Democratic Dictatorship is the people being masters of the country. Page 4 .........................................................121 Chapter 6: Teacher’s Book Morality and Society, Grade 6, volume 2, Teacher’s Book for Teaching. Lesson 1 Suffering in the Winds of War. Page 88-91 ...................................133 Ideology and Morality, Grade 7, volume 2, Teacher’s Book for Teaching Selective Translation of Lesson 7 Experience the Dignity of Law .................139 Chapter 7: Lesson Transcription Changqing Liu, Jianqiang Guo, Ping Ren An Ideological and Political Lesson from China: The Impact of Price Fluctuations (Excerpts) .............................149 Chapter 8 Students Participation Changqing Liu Chinese Democracy Ideal and Reality Revealed in Please Vote for Me ...........................................................................................................177 Chapter 9: Educational Novel ...................................................................191 Chapter 10: Educational Film ....................................................................199 7 Chapter 11: Historical Photo Xi Lan Photos of Chinese Citizenship and Political Education in 20th Century .........................................................................................................205 Chapter 12: Teacher Association 2014 Annual Work Summary of Ideological and Moral Education Association of Hubei Primary Schools, Hubei Society of Education ................................219 Moral Education Research Society of Ningbo Primary and Secondary Schools.........................................................................................................221 Chapter 13: Teacher Newspaper China Education Daily ..................................................................................225 China Teacher News ....................................................................................227 Shanghai Education .....................................................................................229 Chapter 14: Youth Organization of Chinese Communist Party Lyu Na China’s Young Pioneers ...................................................................233 Glossary ......................................................................................................259 List of Further Reading...............................................................................263 Editors..........................................................................................................267 8 9 Introduction Over the years, there exist some publications in English or German language, given by sinologists or comparative education researcher, which inform about moral and political education in China, its’ tradition, current practice and problems. But it is still difficult for Western educationalists to gain access to the various everyday moral and political education practices at schools in China. This preliminary version of a reading book (Lesebuch) presents an exemplary selection of such sources (Quellen), documents and materials, accessible for discussion among students, teachers and academic experts in the field of comparative and global citizenship education (GCE). There exists rather a myriad of sources, experience and reflective writing about this subject in China. The aim is to inspire further research in this challenging area of study. The composition of this reader follows a traditional “top down” structure of educational policy: Starting with general guidelines, e.g. from Ministry of Education, the chapters approach everyday moral or political lesson practice in classroom, documenting not only teachers’ lesson planning and textbook material, which can be seen as the intended curriculum, but also documenting the “curriculum at work” in classroom, represented by a rare example of a verbatim protocol. We would like to have more such documents of enacted curriculum “on stage” for the future! Any single citizenship lesson can be regarded as an “embryonic society” (John Dewey). Thus, a case study can open a exemplary mirror into the everyday culture of the society. A broader view of social and political education has to include school culture and student participation (class monitor), and the Chinese Young Pioneer organization. Prior to this preliminary reader, some of its’ content had been used in web based seminar activities (webinar) with students from Shanghai and other cities in China, together with a study group at Universität Hamburg. During the last decade, educational research has experienced a lot of “turns” in methodology, such as spatial, material or pictorial turn. Material objects, pictures and educational fiction, such as novels or films, turned out to be extremely useful in initiating inter-cultural dialogue about this subject. Unfortunately, one photo study of a students’ day at school with regard to 10 citizenship failed so far, due to legal problems with personal right of picture. As our title already indicates, such a project has to cope with severe problems of translation: What is meant by “moral” or “political” in connection with “education”? Is it a school subject like maths or music, or is it a question of school culture or socialization in political culture of the whole society? These questions touch far more than only “technical”problems, as translation of key terms always means interpretation, depending on world view (Weltanschaung) and social culture. To gain an impression of related difficulties to research, one could follow the report of editors of Journal of Moral Education (JMS) special issue on moral and political education in China, launched in 2004 (compare selected literature in the end of this reader). The final glossary should help to deal with all these challenges. To make this preliminary reader more useful for users, we decided on English as target language of translation. Sometimes bi-lingual documentation – Chinese and English – is preferred, as to keep the process of translation and the losses comprehensible. As few Chinese scholars are fluent in German language, “global English”as a means of communication should facilitate the discussion
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