Semillas. La Vida En Cápsulas De Tiempo
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Subclase Hamamélidas
PLANTAS VASCULARES INGENIERIA EN RECURSOS NATURALE S Y MEDIO AMBIENTE SUBCLASE HAMAMÉLIDAS Con excepción de algunos taxa del O rden Urticales, en la Subclase Hamamélidas , las familias son típicamente leñosas (árboles y arbustos ) , con hojas bien desarrolladas (a excepción de las Casuarináceas , familia en la que son muy peque ñas y escamiformes), persistentes o caedizas . Las flores se caracterizan por ser reducidas, con frecuencia imperfectas , agrupadas en amentos en los grupos más avanzados y con perianto ausente o pobremente desarrollado. La polinización es anemófila . Los fr utos maduros contienen un solo óvulo. En general , poseen alto contenido de taninos como defensa química contra los herbívoros . Este grupo deriva probablemente de las Magnólidas primitivas . Esta subclase es la más pequeña de las Magnoliópsidas , posee unas 3.400 especies agrupadas en 11 órdenes y 24 familias. Se originó hace aproximadamente 100 millones de años en el C retácico inferior, como un grupo caracterizado por la polinización por viento y por la reducción floral. Hace 80 millones de años estaban b ien establecidas. Los principales Órdenes son: Hamamelidales, Juglandales, Urticales, Fagales y Casuarinales. Clave de los Órdenes que se estudian A. Ramificaciones de último orden no articuladas; con nomófilos normales B. Gineceo súpero. Árboles , arbustos o hierbas, con hojas simples no aromáticas O rden Urticales B’. Gineceo ínfero. Árboles con hojas pinnaticompuestas, aromáticas O rde n Juglandales A’ . Ramificaciones del último orden articuladas ; nomófilos reducidos a escamas, en v erticilos Orden Casuarinales ORDEN URTIC ALES Árboles, arbustos o hierbas. Hojas simples, alternas, estipuladas. Flor es pequeñas, generalmente imperfectas , monoclamídeas, vert icilo con 4 a 6 tépalos. -
Geographical Speciation Related to Pleistocene Range Shifts in the Western Mediterranean Mountains (Reseda Sect
Martín-Bravo & al. • Pleistocene speciation in Reseda sect. Glaucoreseda TAXON 59 (2) • April 2010: 466–482 SPECIATION Geographical speciation related to Pleistocene range shifts in the western Mediterranean mountains (Reseda sect. Glaucoreseda, Resedaceae) Santiago Martín-Bravo,1 Virginia Valcárcel,1 Pablo Vargas2 & Modesto Luceño1 1 Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Pablo de Olavide University, ctra. de Utrera km 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain 2 Botanic Garden of Madrid, CSIC, Pza. Murillo n° 2, 28014, Madrid, Spain Author for correspondence: Santiago Martín-Bravo, [email protected] Abstract Reseda sect. Glaucoreseda is a monophyletic group composed of five endemic tetraploid species with a disjunct dis- tribution in the high mountains and plateaus of the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco. It was previously suggested that range shifts induced by Quaternary glaciations played an important role in the speciation of the group. We studied the evolution of R. sect. Glaucoreseda in order to infer historical range dynamics and speciation processes, and to understand current distributional pat- terns. Phylogeographic analyses were performed using nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid trnL-F and rps16 sequences. Cloning of additive ITS sequences was carried out to elucidate the origin of intra-individual polymorphisms. A dated phylogeny based on ITS and cpDNA (rbcL, matK, trnL-F) sequences was used to estimate divergence times of R. sect. Glaucoreseda. Time estimates using Penalized Likelihood analyses indicate a late Pleistocene diversification of R. sect. Glaucoreseda. Incomplete lineage sorting of ancestral polymorphisms due to recent divergence, rather than rampant hybridisation, is suggested as the main cause of the phylogenetic incongruence detected between nuclear and plastid datasets. -
Dipterocarpaceae)
DNA Sequence-Based Identification and Molecular Phylogeny Within Subfamily Dipterocarpoideae (Dipterocarpaceae) Dissertation Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) at Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Büsgen Institute Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology Georg-August-Universität Göttingen By Essy Harnelly (Born in Banda Aceh, Indonesia) Göttingen, 2013 Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Reiner Finkeldey Referee : Prof. Dr. Reiner Finkeldey Co-referee : Prof. Dr. Holger Kreft Date of Disputation : 09.01.2013 2 To My Family 3 Acknowledgments First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. Dr. Reiner Finkeldey for accepting me as his PhD student, for his support, helpful advice and guidance throughout my study. I am very grateful that he gave me this valuable chance to join his highly motivated international working group. I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Holger Kreft and Prof. Dr. Raphl Mitlöhner, who agreed to be my co-referee and member of examination team. I am grateful to Dr. Kathleen Prinz for her guidance, advice and support throughout my research as well as during the writing process. My deepest thankfulness goes to Dr. Sarah Seifert (in memoriam) for valuable discussion of my topic, summary translation and proof reading. I would also acknowledge Dr. Barbara Vornam for her guidance and numerous valuable discussions about my research topic. I would present my deep appreciation to Dr. Amarylis Vidalis, for her brilliant ideas to improve my understanding of my project. My sincere thanks are to Prof. Dr. Elizabeth Gillet for various enlightening discussions not only about the statistical matter, but also my health issues. -
Changes at a Critical Branchpoint in the Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway Underlie the Blue to Orange Flower Color Transition in Lysimachia Arvensis
fpls-12-633979 February 16, 2021 Time: 19:16 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 22 February 2021 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.633979 Changes at a Critical Branchpoint in the Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway Underlie the Blue to Orange Flower Color Transition in Lysimachia arvensis Edited by: Mercedes Sánchez-Cabrera1*†‡, Francisco Javier Jiménez-López1‡, Eduardo Narbona2, Verónica S. Di Stilio, Montserrat Arista1, Pedro L. Ortiz1, Francisco J. Romero-Campero3,4, University of Washington, Karolis Ramanauskas5, Boris Igic´ 5, Amelia A. Fuller6 and Justen B. Whittall7 United States 1 2 Reviewed by: Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Department of Molecular 3 Stacey Smith, Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain, Institute for Plant Biochemistry 4 University of Colorado Boulder, and Photosynthesis, University of Seville – Centro Superior de Investigación Científica, Seville, Spain, Department 5 United States of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Department of Biological Science, 6 Carolyn Wessinger, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Santa Clara 7 University of South Carolina, University, Santa Clara, CA, United States, Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Santa Clara University, United States Santa Clara, CA, United States *Correspondence: Mercedes Sánchez-Cabrera Anthocyanins are the primary pigments contributing to the variety of flower colors among [email protected] angiosperms and are considered essential for survival and reproduction. Anthocyanins † ORCID: Mercedes Sánchez-Cabrera are members of the flavonoids, a broader class of secondary metabolites, of which orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-0392 there are numerous structural genes and regulators thereof. -
Principles and Practice of Forest Landscape Restoration Case Studies from the Drylands of Latin America Edited by A.C
Principles and Practice of Forest Landscape Restoration Case studies from the drylands of Latin America Edited by A.C. Newton and N. Tejedor About IUCN IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, helps the world find pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges. IUCN works on biodiversity, climate change, energy, human livelihoods and greening the world economy by supporting scientific research, managing field projects all over the world, and bringing governments, NGOs, the UN and companies together to develop policy, laws and best practice. IUCN is the world’s oldest and largest global environmental organization, with more than 1,000 government and NGO members and almost 11,000 volunteer experts in some 160 countries. IUCN’s work is supported by over 1,000 staff in 60 offices and hundreds of partners in public, NGO and private sectors around the world. www.iucn.org Principles and Practice of Forest Landscape Restoration Case studies from the drylands of Latin America Principles and Practice of Forest Landscape Restoration Case studies from the drylands of Latin America Edited by A.C. Newton and N. Tejedor This book is dedicated to the memory of Margarito Sánchez Carrada, a student who worked on the research project described in these pages. The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or the European Commission concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Alyogyne Huegelii (Endl.) SCORE: -2.0 RATING: Low Risk Fryxell
TAXON: Alyogyne huegelii (Endl.) SCORE: -2.0 RATING: Low Risk Fryxell Taxon: Alyogyne huegelii (Endl.) Fryxell Family: Malvaceae Common Name(s): lilac hibiscus Synonym(s): Hibiscus huegelii var. wrayae (Lindl.) HibiscusBenth. wrayae Lindl. Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 3 May 2018 WRA Score: -2.0 Designation: L Rating: Low Risk Keywords: Shrub, Ornamental, Unarmed, Non-Toxic, Insect-Pollinated Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) Intermediate tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 n 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 401 Produces -
Alamance Gardener October 2017
October 2017 Volume 8, Issue 10 AlamanceAlamance GardenerGardener Alamance County Cooperative Extension Horticulture Department Coming Events Thurs., Oct. 5th, 10:00a Cover Story Planting Trees and Shrubs Thurs., Oct. 19th, 10:00a The summer gardening season is almost over and some folks are wondering Snow Birds—The Flocks of Winter what to do in the garden this fall. If you did not feel like planting any cool- Sat., Oct. 21st, 8am-1pm Household hazardous waste disposal (see p.2) season crops, you may want to consider planting a cover crop. What, you Mon., Oct. 23rd may ask, is a cover crop? This is a crop that will not be harvested, but is Deadline to order from the 4-H Plant Sale. grown to improve soil quality. Click here for all the information and the order form: https://goo.gl/eaZcBt Contact us : Alamance County Cooperative Extension Service 209-C N. Graham Hopedale Rd. Burlington, NC 27217 Phone: 336-570-6740 E-mail: Mark Danieley [email protected] Follow us on Facebook! Just click here: Alamance Gardener Volume 8, Issue 10 Page 2 No Ordinary Cover Up The first benefit of growing a cover crop is to reduce weeds. You know that if you leave the garden bare in the fall then winter chickweed, henbit, annual bluegrass and other weeds will soon overtake it. The cover crop reduces weed growth by out- competing the weeds for sunlight, moisture and nutrients. Some cover crops even release chemicals that can inhibit weed growth. Nutrients, especially nitrogen, can move with rainwater out of the root zone during the winter and become unavailable for plant growth. -
Plethora of Plants - Collections of the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (2): Glasshouse Succulents
NAT. CROAT. VOL. 27 No 2 407-420* ZAGREB December 31, 2018 professional paper/stručni članak – museum collections/muzejske zbirke DOI 10.20302/NC.2018.27.28 PLETHORA OF PLANTS - COLLECTIONS OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB (2): GLASSHOUSE SUCCULENTS Dubravka Sandev, Darko Mihelj & Sanja Kovačić Botanical Garden, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 9a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia (e-mail: [email protected]) Sandev, D., Mihelj, D. & Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants – collections of the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (2): Glasshouse succulents. Nat. Croat. Vol. 27, No. 2, 407- 420*, 2018, Zagreb. In this paper, the plant lists of glasshouse succulents grown in the Botanical Garden from 1895 to 2017 are studied. Synonymy, nomenclature and origin of plant material were sorted. The lists of species grown in the last 122 years are constructed in such a way as to show that throughout that period at least 1423 taxa of succulent plants from 254 genera and 17 families inhabited the Garden’s cold glass- house collection. Key words: Zagreb Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, historic plant collections, succulent col- lection Sandev, D., Mihelj, D. & Kovačić, S.: Obilje bilja – zbirke Botaničkoga vrta Prirodoslovno- matematičkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (2): Stakleničke mesnatice. Nat. Croat. Vol. 27, No. 2, 407-420*, 2018, Zagreb. U ovom članku sastavljeni su popisi stakleničkih mesnatica uzgajanih u Botaničkom vrtu zagrebačkog Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta između 1895. i 2017. Uređena je sinonimka i no- menklatura te istraženo podrijetlo biljnog materijala. Rezultati pokazuju kako je tijekom 122 godine kroz zbirku mesnatica hladnog staklenika prošlo najmanje 1423 svojti iz 254 rodova i 17 porodica. -
South American Cacti in Time and Space: Studies on the Diversification of the Tribe Cereeae, with Particular Focus on Subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae)
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2013 South American Cacti in time and space: studies on the diversification of the tribe Cereeae, with particular focus on subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae) Lendel, Anita Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-93287 Dissertation Published Version Originally published at: Lendel, Anita. South American Cacti in time and space: studies on the diversification of the tribe Cereeae, with particular focus on subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae). 2013, University of Zurich, Faculty of Science. South American Cacti in Time and Space: Studies on the Diversification of the Tribe Cereeae, with Particular Focus on Subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae) _________________________________________________________________________________ Dissertation zur Erlangung der naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorwürde (Dr.sc.nat.) vorgelegt der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Zürich von Anita Lendel aus Kroatien Promotionskomitee: Prof. Dr. H. Peter Linder (Vorsitz) PD. Dr. Reto Nyffeler Prof. Dr. Elena Conti Zürich, 2013 Table of Contents Acknowledgments 1 Introduction 3 Chapter 1. Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the tribe Cereeae s.l., with particular focus 15 on the subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae – Cactoideae) Chapter 2. Floral evolution in the South American tribe Cereeae s.l. (Cactaceae: 53 Cactoideae): Pollination syndromes in a comparative phylogenetic context Chapter 3. Contemporaneous and recent radiations of the world’s major succulent 86 plant lineages Chapter 4. Tackling the molecular dating paradox: underestimated pitfalls and best 121 strategies when fossils are scarce Outlook and Future Research 207 Curriculum Vitae 209 Summary 211 Zusammenfassung 213 Acknowledgments I really believe that no one can go through the process of doing a PhD and come out without being changed at a very profound level. -
Nazrin Full Phd Thesis (150246576
Maintenance and conservation of Dipterocarp diversity in tropical forests _______________________________________________ Mohammad Nazrin B Abdul Malik A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Science Department of Animal and Plant Sciences November 2019 1 i Thesis abstract Many theories and hypotheses have been developed to explain the maintenance of diversity in plant communities, particularly in hyperdiverse tropical forests. Maintenance of the composition and diversity of tropical forests is vital, especially species of high commercial value. I focus on the high value dipterocarp timber species of Malaysia and Borneo as these have been extensive logged owing to increased demands from global timber trade. In this thesis, I explore the drivers of diversity of this group, as well as the determinants of global abundance, conservation and timber value. The most widely supported hypothesis for explaining tropical diversity is the Janzen Connell hypothesis. I experimentally tested the key elements of this, namely density and distance dependence, in two dipterocarp species. The results showed that different species exhibited different density and distance dependence effects. To further test the strength of this hypothesis, I conducted a meta-analysis combining multiple studies across tropical and temperate study sites, and with many species tested. It revealed significant support for the Janzen- Connell predictions in terms of distance and density dependence. Using a phylogenetic comparative approach, I highlight how environmental adaptation affects dipterocarp distribution, and the relationships of plant traits with ecological factors and conservation status. This analysis showed that environmental and ecological factors are related to plant traits and highlights the need for dipterocarp conservation priorities. -
~Plants of the Yampa Valley~ D ROU GH T TOLERA N T Species List
~Plan t s of t he Y am pa V alley ~ D R OU GH T TOLER A N T Speci es Li st PLANT KEY D = drought tolerant S = Shade C = Clay tolerant A = Annual W = requires wet GC = Ground cover N = Native DR = deer resistant P! = Poisonous B = Butterfly E = edible part(s) F = fragrant SA = salt tolerant FO = unique foliage H= Hummingbird ZONE Information: USDA maps divide the Unites States into eleven zones by average minimum temperatures. All numbers are degrees Fahrenheit. Zone 1: Below -50* Zone 2: -50/-40 Zone: 3 -40/-30 Zone 4: -30/-20 Zone 5: -20/-10 Zone 6: -10/0 Zone 7: 0/+10 Zone 8: +10/+20 Zone 9: +20/+30 Zone 10: +30/+40 Zone 11: Above +40* *Located outside the continental US. United States Hardiness Zones Image: http://www.arborwise.com/treemasters/tm_hardiness.htm Gr asses Plant Name Zone Height Flower color Bloom comments Width time Achnatherum (3) 12’“-24” D, N Cool season; Full sun; ;little or speciosum 12”-24” no water; grows well in sands and (Oryzopsis well-drained soils; clump grass; tight hymenoides) at base, spreading and open above; Indian rice grass leaves bright green to brown in summer heat; open airy flower clusters Andropogon gerardii (4) 5’-8’ D, N warm season; full sun; Lush Big bluestem, summer foliage; BIG; no shade; Turkeyfoot wide range of moisture and soils; tolerates clay, best in sandy; tallgrass prairie; fall colora orange Bouteloua (4) 36” D, N warm season; Full sun; heavy curtipendula or sandy soil; can take prolonged Side-oats grama drought; cut back in autumn; mass planting best Bouteloua gracilis (3) 8-15” -
Microsoft Outlook
Joey Steil From: Leslie Jordan <[email protected]> Sent: Tuesday, September 25, 2018 1:13 PM To: Angela Ruberto Subject: Potential Environmental Beneficial Users of Surface Water in Your GSA Attachments: Paso Basin - County of San Luis Obispo Groundwater Sustainabilit_detail.xls; Field_Descriptions.xlsx; Freshwater_Species_Data_Sources.xls; FW_Paper_PLOSONE.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S1.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S2.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S3.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S4.pdf CALIFORNIA WATER | GROUNDWATER To: GSAs We write to provide a starting point for addressing environmental beneficial users of surface water, as required under the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA). SGMA seeks to achieve sustainability, which is defined as the absence of several undesirable results, including “depletions of interconnected surface water that have significant and unreasonable adverse impacts on beneficial users of surface water” (Water Code §10721). The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a science-based, nonprofit organization with a mission to conserve the lands and waters on which all life depends. Like humans, plants and animals often rely on groundwater for survival, which is why TNC helped develop, and is now helping to implement, SGMA. Earlier this year, we launched the Groundwater Resource Hub, which is an online resource intended to help make it easier and cheaper to address environmental requirements under SGMA. As a first step in addressing when depletions might have an adverse impact, The Nature Conservancy recommends identifying the beneficial users of surface water, which include environmental users. This is a critical step, as it is impossible to define “significant and unreasonable adverse impacts” without knowing what is being impacted. To make this easy, we are providing this letter and the accompanying documents as the best available science on the freshwater species within the boundary of your groundwater sustainability agency (GSA).