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100Th Anniversary Edition Volume 40 Number 1 JAAVSO 2012 The Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers Part A of two parts pages 1–266 100th Anniversary Edition • History • Associations • Science • Review Papers 49 Bay State Road Cambridge, MA 02138 U. S. A. The Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers Editor Editorial Board John R. Percy Geoffrey C. Clayton Matthew R. Templeton University of Toronto Louisiana State University AAVSO Toronto, Ontario, Canada Baton Rouge, Louisiana Douglas L. Welch Associate Editor Edward F. Guinan McMaster University Elizabeth O. Waagen Villanova University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Villanova, Pennsylvania Assistant Editor David B. Williams Matthew R. Templeton Pamela Kilmartin Whitestown, Indiana University of Canterbury Production Editor Christchurch, New Zealand Thomas R. Williams Michael Saladyga Houston, Texas Laszlo Kiss Konkoly Observatory Lee Anne Willson Budapest, Hungary Iowa State University Ames, Iowa Paula Szkody University of Washington Seattle, Washington The Council of the American Association of Variable Star Observers 2011–2012 Director Arne A. Henden President Mario E. Motta Past President Jaime R. García 1st Vice President Jennifer Sokoloski Secretary Gary Walker Treasurer Gary W. Billings (term ended May 2012) Treasurer Timothy Hager Councilors Edward F. Guinan John Martin Roger S. Kolman Donn R. Starkey Chryssa Kouveliotou Robert J. Stine Arlo U. Landolt David G. Turner ISSN 0271-9053 JAAVSO The Journal of The American Association of Variable Star Observers Volume 40 Number 1 2012 Part A of two parts: pages 1–266 100th Anniversary Edition History Associations Science Review Papers 49 Bay State Road Cambridge, MA 02138 ISSN 0271-9053 U. S. A. The Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers is a refereed scientific journal published by the American Association of Variable Star Observers, 49 Bay State Road, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. The Journal is made available to all AAVSO members and subscribers. In order to speed the dissemination of scientific results, selected papers that have been refereed and accepted for publication in the Journal will be posted on the internet at the eJAAVSO website as soon as they have been typeset and edited. These electronic representations of the JAAVSO articles are automatically indexed and included in the NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS). eJAAVSO papers may be referenced as J. Amer. Assoc. Var. Star Obs., in press, until they appear in the concatonated electronic issue of JAAVSO. The Journal cannot supply reprints of papers. Page Charges Unsolicited papers by non-Members will be assessed a charge of $15 per published page. Instructions for Submissions The Journal welcomes papers from all persons concerned with the study of variable stars and topics specifically related to variability. All manuscripts should be written in a style designed to provide clear expositions of the topic. Contributors are strongly encouraged to submit digitized text in MS WORD, LATEX+POSTSCRIPT, or plain- text format. Manuscripts may be mailed electronically to [email protected] or submitted by postal mail to JAAVSO, 49 Bay State Road, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Manuscripts must be submitted according to the following guidelines, or they will be returned to the author for correction: Manuscripts must be: 1) original, unpublished material; 2) written in English; 3) accompanied by an abstract of no more than 100 words; 4) not more than 2,500–3,000 words in length (10–12 pages double-spaced). Figures for publication must: 1) be camera-ready or in a high-contrast, high-resolution, standard digitized image format; 2) have all coordinates labeled with division marks on all four sides; 3) be accompanied by a caption that clearly explains all symbols and significance, so that the reader can understand the figure without reference to the text. Maximum published figure space is 4.5” by 7”. When submitting original figures, be sure to allow for reduction in size by making all symbols and letters sufficiently large. Photographs and halftone images will be considered for publication if they directly illustrate the text. Tables should be: 1) provided separate from the main body of the text; 2) numbered sequentially and referred to by Arabic number in the text, e.g., Table 1. References: 1) References should relate directly to the text. 2) References should be keyed into the text with the author’s last name and the year of publication, e.g., (Smith 1974; Jones 1974) or Smith (1974) and Jones (1974). 3) In the case of three or more joint authors, the text reference should be written as follows: (Smith et al. 1976). 4) All references must be listed at the end of the text in alphabetical order by the author’s last name and the year of publication, according to the following format: Brown, J., and Green, E. B. 1974, Astrophys. J., 200, 765. Thomas, K. 1982, Phys. Report, 33, 96. 5) Abbreviations used in references should be based on recent issues of the Journal or the listing provided at the beginning of Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts (Springer-Verlag). Miscellaneous: 1) Equations should be written on a separate line and given a sequential Arabic number in parentheses near the right-hand margin. Equations should be referred to in the text as, e.g., equation (1). 2) Magnitude will be assumed to be visual unless otherwise specified. 3) Manuscripts may be submitted to referees for review without obligation of publication. © 2012 The American Association of Variable Star Observers. All rights reserved. Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers Volume 40, Number 1, 2012 100th Anniversary Edition 100th Spring Meeting of the AAVSO, in conjunction with the 218th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society, held in Boston, Massachusetts, May 21–25, 2011 100th Annual Meeting of the AAVSO, held in Cambridge and Woburn, Massachusetts, October 5–8, 2011 Table of Contents About This 100th Anniversary Issue John R. Percy 1 Key to the Cover Photographs 3 Group Photograph Taken at the 100th Spring Meeting 4 List of 100th Spring Meeting Participants 6 100th Spring Meeting Schedule 8 Group Photograph Taken at the 100th Annual Meeting 9 List of 100th Annual Meeting Participants 11 100th Annual Meeting Schedule 15 The Paper Sessions—photographs of the presenters 16 History session papers presented at the 100th Spring and Annual Meetings of the AAVSO Introduction to the History Paper Sessions Thomas R. Williams 20 WOMEN IN THE HISTORY OF VARIABLE STAR ASTRONOMY Anne S. Young: Professor and Variable Star Observer Extraordinaire Katherine Bracher 24 The Stars Belong to Everyone: Astronomer and Science Writer Helen Sawyer Hogg (1905–1993) Maria J. Cahill 31 Variable Stars and Constant Commitments: the Stellar Career of Dorrit Hoffleit Kristine Larsen 44 Table of Contents continued on following pages Reminiscences on the Career of Martha Stahr Carpenter: Between a Rock and (Several) Hard Places Kristine Larsen 51 Guiding Forces and Janet A. Mattei Elizabeth O. Waagen 65 The AAVSO Widow—or Should We Say Spouse? Thomas R. Williams 77 The Legacy of Annie Jump Cannon: Discoveries and Catalogues of Variable Stars (Abstract) Barbara L. Welther 92 Margaret W. Mayall in the AAVSO Archives (Abstract) Michael Saladyga 92 HISTORY OF VARIABLE STAR ASTRONOMY IN THEORY AND PRACTICE Twenty-Eight Years of CV Results With the AAVSO Paula Szkody, Anjum S. Mukadam, Boris Gaensicke, Janet A. Mattei, Arne A. Henden, Mike Simonsen, Matthew R. Templeton, Elizabeth O. Waagen, Gary Walker, Edward M. Sion, Steve B. Howell, Dean Townsley 94 The Development of Early Pulsation Theory, or, How Cepheids Are Like Steam Engines Matthew Stanley 100 The AAVSO Photoelectric Photometry Program in Its Scientific and Socio-Historic Context John R. Percy 109 John Goodricke, Edward Pigott, and Their Study of Variable Stars Linda M. French 120 Frank Elmore Ross and His Variable Star Discoveries Wayne Osborn 133 Illinois—Where Astronomical Photometry Grew Up Barry B. Beaman, Michael T. Svec 141 Stellar Pulsation Theory From Arthur Stanley Eddington to Today (Abstract) Steven D. Kawaler, Carl J. Hansen 150 King Charles' Star: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Dating the Supernova Known as Cassiopeia A (Abstract) Martin Lunn 150 The History of Variable Stars: a Fresh Look (Abstract) Robert Alan Hatch 151 Table of Contents continued on following pages HISTORY OF VARIABLE STAR ORGANIZATIONS British Astronomical Association Variable Star Section, 1890–2011 John Toone 154 The “Werkgroep Veranderlijke Sterren” of Belgium Patrick Wils, Eric Broens, Hubert Hautecler, Frans Van Loo 164 The RASNZ Variable Star Section and Variable Stars South Albert Jones, Stan Walker 168 The RASNZ Photometry Section, Incorporating the Auckland Photoelectric Observers’ Group (Poster abstract) Stan Walker 177 Introduction to BAV (Abstract) Franz-Josef Hambsch, Joachim Hübscher 177 The GEOS Association of Variable Star Observers (Abstract) Franz-Josef Hambsch, J. -F. Le Borgne, E. Poretti, the GEOS association 177 History of Amateur Variable Star Observations in Japan (Poster abstract) Seiichiro Kiyota 178 HISTORY OF AAVSO OBSERVERS, PROGRAMS, AND SUPPORTERS The Visual Era of the AAVSO Eclipsing Binary Program David B. Williams, Marvin E. Baldwin, Gerard Samolyk 180 Walking With AAVSO Giants—a Personal Journey (1960s) Roger S. Kolman, Mike Simonsen 189 Variable Star Observers I Have Known Charles E. Scovil 196 An Appreciation of Clinton B. Ford and the AAVSO of Fifty Years Ago Tony Hull 203 An Overview
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