The district census handbook (DCH), compiled by the census organisation on behalf of the State governments, is one of the most valuable prod u:::ts of the Census. The DCH is constantly referred to by planners, administrators, academicians and researchers. It is inter alia used for delimi tation of constituencies, formulation of local level and regional plans and as an aid to District administration. Tbe district census handbook is the only publication whicil provides Primruy Census Abstract (peA) data upto village level for' the rural areas and wardwise for each eity or town. It also provides data on infrastructure and amenities in villages and towns etc.
The district census handbook series was initiated during the 1951 Census. It contained important census tables and PCA for each village and town of the district. During 1961 Census the scope of the DCH was enlarged and it co~tained a descriptive account of the district, administrative statistics, census tables, village and ~own directory, including PCA. The 1971 DCH series was planned in three parts. Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town peA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, district census tables and certain analytical tables based on PCA and amenity data in respect of villages~ However, in some states it was confined to district census tables and in a few cases altogether given up due to delay in compilation a;ld printing
While designing the format of 1981 nCH series some new features along with the restructuring of the formats of village and town directory have been atttIUpted. At the same time, comparability with the 1971 data has also been kept in view. All the amenities except power supply in the village have been brought together in the village directory with the imtru{,tion that in caSe an amenity is not available in the referrent village the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place where the amenity is available may be given. The restructuring of the fOfmlt of the viJ(ag~ directory and incorporating more exnaustive data on infrastructure aspec( particularly in relation to amenities and land-use pattern is expected to further m~et the need of micro k"el planning for rural areas. It is expected to help not only in local area planning but regulating the provision of goods and services as well so as to minimise the regional imbalances in the process of development. A f(;w new items of infoflilation have also been jptrodllceJ to meet some of the requirements of tbe Revised Minimum Needs Programme. Such new items of information as adult literacy centres, primary health sub-centres, and community health workers in the village have been introduced in the village Jirectory with tbis objectives in mind. The new item on approach to the village is to have an id ea abou t the villages in the district which are in iccessible. A new column, "total population and nt;mber of households" has been introduced to ex
The formats of the town directory bave also been modified to meet the requirements of the Minimum Needs Programme by providing information on a few new items. A new statement on civic and other amtnities in shims in class-I and Class-II lowns (Statement lV-A) has been introduced with this objective in mind. It is expected that this will help the planners to chalk out prog,ammes on provision of civic amenities for the impro\ cment of slum'>. The columns on Scheduled Castes and Soheduled Trihes population in statement IV relating to civic and other amenitieS ~,nd adult I iteracy classes/centres und l'r ed 1Jcational facili ti ~s in statem,:nt V are also addc ..l inter alia wIth this iv
view. A significant addition is class of town in all the seven statements of the town directory. The infrastructure of amenities in urban areas of the country can be best analysed by taking the class of, towns into consideration. The addition of the columns on civic administration status and population in a few statements also serves this purpose.
The format of the primary census abstract for the villages and towns has been formulated in the light of Gbanges in the economic and other questions canvassed through the individ ual slip of 1981 census.
In order to avoid delay in publication of 1981 DCH series it has been so designed that Part~A of the volume contains village and town directory and Part-B the peA of villages and towns including the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes peA upto Tahsil/Town levels. At the beginning of the DCH a detailed analytical note supported by a number of inset tables based on PCA and non-census data in relation to the infra!.tructure has been introduced to enhance its value. The district and tahsil/police station,C D Block etc. level maps depicting the boundaries and other important features have been inserted at appropriate pla~s, to further enhance the value of the publication.
This publication is a joint venture of the State Government and the Census Organisation. The data have been collected and compiled in the State under the direction of Shri K. C. Dubey, the Director of Census Operations~ Madhya Pradesh on behalf of the State Government which bas borne the cost of printing. 'The task of planning, designing anci coord ination of thi:> publication was carried out by Shri N. O. Nag, Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) of my office. Dr . .B. K. Roy, Deputy Registrar General (Map) provided the technical ~uidance in the preparation of the roaps. Data received from Census Directorates have been scrutinised in the Social Studies Division at tbe headquarters under the guidance of ShriM. M. Dua, Senior Research Officer. I am thankful to all who have contributed in the project.
P. PADMANABHA REGISTRAR GENERAL, INDIA New Delhi the 26th April, 1982. v
PREFACE
One of the most important publications of the Censull are ·the District Censlls Handbooks. This publication was begun in this caption since 1951 Census. But,prior to this, a similar publication was released in the Census earlier than 1951. That publication was on the title of Village Statistics and it contains only viIfage naInes and total population thereof. The 1951 Census could, therefore, be said to represent a significant step in the process of making detailed Census statistics available down upto the village level.
[n fact the District Census Handbook is the most important publication at the Census and is also perhaps the most widely used. Also perhaps this is the only publication used at the micro·level down upto the tahsil and development. block.
The form of the District Census Handbook has gone conside,rable chang'e since 1951. This is basical1y due to the growing demand for more information. For the purpose of convenience as well as with a view of making the basic statistics availa ble with the data users as early as possible the District Census Handbooks have been split into 2 parts, Part-A contains the Introductory Note on the district and Town/Village Directory. This volume will be found useful to get almost all the non-Census statistics available at one place. Part--B contains the Primary Census Abstract.
One of the innovation of the pre~ent Census has been in terms of allotment of Location Code numbers to the villages. In the earlier Censuses the location cpde system W.'S such that the villages of a Patwari Circle were found at different serial numbers. Since' the Patwari Circle still remains an important administrative unit the location code numbers have been so given in the present Census that it may be possible to locate all the villages of a particular Patwari Circle at one place one below the other.
When the' planning for the present census was started in 1979 the tahsils were still revivable as an important unit of the administration, the whole planning was, therefore, done taking tahsil as the unit. It was during the course of the census that some requests were informally received for making blockwise data availa ble. Since these requests were received verv hte and were also received only in an informal manner, it has not been possible to disturb the original planning of villages arranged according to the location cod e numbers taking tahsil a~ one unit. However. additional exercise has been done and in addition to the tahsil figures blockwise figures have also been indicated. It is hoped that the availability of these blockwise data will enha_.ce the utiltty of this publication.
It is hoped that this handbook will provide the basic statistical support to executive llnd deveIopm~ntal administration. It is needless to state that the proper implementation of policy depends on the abihty of the administratiOn autnorities concerned.
It may be remembered that the villagewise area figures given in the Primary Census Abstrac£ and the Vi.Jlage Directory are those based on the vjllage papers while the tahsil totals given in peA are obtained from the Land Records deptt. which in many cases exclude forest area. VI
The statistics that are contained in the district census hand books are the result of a massive and marathon exercise in the compilation and tabulation of voluminous statistics. The compilation of the statistics contained in this volume was carried out by 9 Regional Tabulation OffiGes each under a Regional Deputy Director of Census Operations. These Regional Offices were run with the help of purely temporary staff-roughly about 1,500 Tabulators, about 250 Checkers and about 80 Supervisors. I am grateful to my colleagues, the Regional Deputy Directors and those temporary staff for the speed and accuracy in the ~diting and basic compilation of more than nearly 522 lakh slips and nearly 1 lakh of household schedules. The compilation of village directory was taken up at the headquarters and I am equally grateful to the officers and staff who have worked whole heartedly on the job in a collec tive and co-operative venture. It is not possible nor fair to name in this. The maps contained in the handbook have been prepared in the Cartographic Section of my office. However, the analytical note has been prepared by Shri M. :G. Mohril, Assistant Director of Census Operations.
I am thankful to all who have contributed to bring this publication p9ssibJe. The census organisation is also grateful to the Government of Madhya Pradesh for baving been so kind as to undertake the publication of these handbooks and to the Controller, Printing and Stationery. Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal and his staff for the printing arrangements made. The inspira tion behind this ambitious venture is that of our indefatigable Registrar General, Shri P. Padmanabha to whom we are all deepl)' grateful. Our thanks are also due to Shri N. G. Nag, Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) for all the help that we received from him and his section.
K. C. DUBEY Director of Census OperatiOns Madhya Prades~. Bhopal Janmashtami, 31 Aug. 1983. 0 .. ", 0...,
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IMPORTANT STATISTICS
MADHYA PRADESH Gwalior District population Total Persons 52,178.844 1,107,879 Males 26.886,305 -600,603 Females 25,292,539 507,276 Rural Persons 41,592,385 498,468 Males 21,266,321 274,197 Females 20,326,064 224,271 Urban Persons 10,586,459 609,411 Males 5,619,984 326,406 Famales 4,966,475 283,005 Decennial Population Growth rate 1971-81 25.27 29.12 Area (Sq. KITts.) 443.446.0 5,214 Density of population (Per Sq. Km.) 118 212 Sex-ratio (Number of females per 1000 males) 941 845 Li teracy rate Persons 27.87 39.63 Males 39.49 51.17 Fetnales 15.53 25.98
Percentage of urban population to total population 20.29 5~.Ol .Percentage to total population ( i ) Main Workers Persons 38.41 19.19 Males 53.52 48.45 Females 22.35 6.39 ( ii ) Marginal Workers Pasons 4.52 1.97 Males 0.96 0.7' Females 8.30 3.41 (iii ) Non-Workers Persons 57.07 <68.84 Males 45.52 50.79 Fen'ales 69.35 '90.26 Break-up of main workers (percentage among main workers) ( i) Cultivators Persons 51.96 36.75 Males 53.81 38.38 Females 47.28 22.15 (ii) Agri cui tural Labourers Persons 24.24 9.96 MaJes 17.81 7.55 Females 40.61 31.56 (iii) Household Industry Persons 3.52 3.19 Males 3.36 2.85 Females 3.93 6.22 (iv) Other workers PerSOl,S 20.::8 '50.10 Males 25.02 51.22 Females 8.18 40.07 Percentage of scheduled castes Persons 14.10 10.51 popHlation to total population Males 14.16 20.54 Females 14.04 20.48 Percentage of scheduled tribes Persons 22.97 2.78 popul ation to total population Males 22.33 2.65 Females 23.66 2 92 Number of occupied resIdential houses 8,929,190 167,247 Number of Vi llages Total 76,603 783 Inhabited 71,429* 712 Uninhabited 5,174** 71 Number of Towns 327 4
'" Includes 77 inhabited villages Which have been treated wholly as urban outgrowth of nearby City/Town. ** Includes 58 uninhabited villages of whieh Abadi Area have been merged in nearby City/Town. f~~tSf'Gfr~~~ fetq'GfT ANALYTICAL NOTE
3
NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS
This note gives the meanings and explanation couJd be ensured and which wouJd provide basis af terms and concepts used in this handbook. This for analysing of figures and urbanisation in the is necessary because, without a proper grasp of the country. But it has to be remembered that the meanings of such simple concepts as building,house, urban criterion of 1961 and 1971 censuses is that hOllsehold, workers etc., it is not possible to appr~ the males working in activities such as fishing, eciate the data presented in the hand book. Thus lo~ging, etc. Were treated as engaged in non-agriw one wbo does not know that an unpretentious hut cultural activity and therefore contributed to the in the thick of Bastar forests with unplastered bam~ 75% criterion in 1961 and 1971 censuses, whereas boo walls and a thatch roof an~ with space hardly in the 1981 census these activities are treated as on enough for two cots is not a bit less of a buildmg par with cultivation and agricultural labour for the than the Indian versions of the sky scrapers in one purpose of this criterion. of the metropolitan cities, or that a central jai I household as the household of the most pious and Applying the criteria described above, a list of god-fearing citizen in the State. may not be able 321 towns Was finalised and it is these 327 towns to appreciate what exactly the figures represent. which are treated as urban areas for the purpose of 1981 census. The additional Secretary to the Govt. Concepts and Defini tions of India in the Ministry of Home Affairs sent a letter to the Chief Secretaries of the State Govern Rural/Urban: ments as back as 10th May, 197Y, requesting them It has been the tradition of the Ind ian Census to ensure that no changes are made in jurisdiction to present the census data for rural and urban areas and boundaries of municipalities and revenue separately. In fact, in all the Censuses through villages, tahsils, sub·divisions and districts during out the world this classification of census data into the period from 1-1-1980 to 30-6-1991. However, ftlral and urban units is generally recognized. How subsequent to our finalization of rural and urban eVer, distinction between rural and urban is not yet frame the State Government in the Local Govern amenable to a single definition which would be ment Department notified many places as notified appl jca hIe to all countries. areas and municipalities. Such places have not been treated as towns for the purpose of census and The definition of an urhan unit at the 1971 the secretary to Government in the Local Govern Cemus was as follows - m~nt Dep:utment had agreed to this anangements. Similarly, the State Government raised the status of (a) All places with a municipality, corporation fi municipal committees to that of municipal corpo cantonment board or notified town area; rations. These new municipal corporations are also (b) All other places Vl'hich satisfied the follow treated as municipal committe-es. ing critet;ia. While dealing with the subject of rural and urban (i) A minimum population of 5,000 ; break up mention mlly be made of the area under (ii) At least 75 per cent of male working the Special Area Development Authority. The popuJaticn engaged in non-agricult UI al Special Area Development Authori ty have been pursuits; and constituted under th~ Madhya Pradesh Nagar Tatha (iii) A density of population of at least' Gram Nivesh Adhiniyam, 1973 and they enjoy the 400 per sq. km. (I,GOO per sq. miles). power to function as a municipality so far as the municipal management of that area is concerned. The same criteria is retained at the 1981 census The limits of these Special Areas include large por. also that comparability with the previous census tions of rural areas comprising number of villages 4
situated around the corc town or village of such Orchha is a SADA population of 50,000, (ii) the contiguous areas area in Tikamgarh district but there is no town in made up of other urban as well as rural administra this area. Similarly, Malanjkhand in Balaghat tive units should have mutual socio-economic links district, Bheraghat in JabaJpur district. Mandav in with the core town and (iii) in all probability this Dhar district and similar other cases are SADA entire area should get fully urbanised in a period of areas but there is no urban area within that. The two or three decades. Certain Standard Urban objective of the SADA areas perhaps is to control Areas were determined on this basis in 197 and the future development of these areas in a planned some basic data were presented for 1951, 1961 and manner and that is all. It was, therefore, not con 1971 for such areas and their components. Similar sidered desirable to treat such SAD A areas at par data have been presented for the Standard Urban with other urban bodies like municipal corpora Areas in 1981 also. The idea is to present basic tions, municipal committees etc. and only that part data for those areas ror four to five decades so that of it is treated as urban which is rea11y so. As such tbe urbanisation process in these areas can be in the Korba SADA area only Korba town has been studied. However, there have been minimum changes treated as urban and rest of the area remains in the in the constituent units of the Standard Urban rural frame. Areas of 1981 Census as compared to those of 1971, but the list of SUA remained unchanged. Urban Agglomeration: Size Class of Towns: Apart from town/city the 1971 concept of The urban areas arc classified into 6 classes urban agglomeration is also adopted for the 1981 referred to as towns of Class I to VI. The classifi census. Very often large railway colonies, university cation is shown below- campuses, port areas, military camps, etc. come up outside the statutory limits of the city or town but Class I towns 100,000 and obove adjoining it. Such areas may not by themselves Class II towns 50,000 to 99,999 qualify to be treated as towns but if they form a Class lIt towns 20,000 to 49,999 contiguous spread with the town, they are out Class IV towns 10,000 to 19,999 growths of the town and deserve to be treated as Class V towns 5,000 to 9,999 urban. Such towns together with their ou tgrowths Class VI towns Less than 5,000 have been treated as one urban unit and called 'urban agglomeration'. An urban agglomeration It is customary to treat a town having a popu. may constitute :- lation of 1 lac and above as a city.
(a) A city with continuous outgrowth, (the Census House : part of outgrowth being outside the statu tory limits but falling within the bound A Census House is a building or part of a build aries of the adjoining village or villages); ini having a separate main entrance: from the road or common courtyard or staircaso, etc., used or (b) One town with similar outgrowth or two recognised as a separate unit. It may be occupied or more adjoining towns with their out or vacant. It may be used for a residential or non gr;)wths as in (a); residential purpose or both. (c) A city and one or more adjoining towns If a building had a number of fiats or blocks with their outgrowths all of which form a which were independant of one another having continuous spread. separate entrances of their own from the road or a common staircase or a common courtyard leading Standard Urban Area: to a main gate, they have been considered as separate census houses. A new concept of Standard Urban Area intro duced in 1971 ('ens us will also be followed for the In some cases, however, it was difficult to 1981 Censlls. The essential requirements for the apply the definition strictly. For example, in an constitution of a Standard Urban Area are- urban area, a fiat has five rooms, each having direct entrance to the common staircase or courtyard ,:,cbcduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes which by definition had to be treated as five census houses. If all the!l.e five rooms were found Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are eccupied by single household entire flat was treated those found in the Notification of Sched vIed Castes/ as One census house. In such cases singleness of Scheduled Tribes Order (Amendment) Act, 1976 use was taken into consideration to avoid undue (lOS of 1976). By this amendment, area restrictions proliferation of the number of census houses. for most of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have been removed. However, the area re~ An occupied residential census house means a striction still remains in respect of Dhobi (in census house which is actually used for residential Bhopal, Ra isen and Sehore districts): Kotwal and purposes, either wholly or partly by one or more Pl;lrdhi (in Bhind, Dhar Dewas, Guna, GWalior, ho.useholds. rudore, Jhabua, Khargone, Mandsaur, Morena, Household: Raigarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri, Ujj~in and Vidisha Districts) and Kumhar (in Chhatarpur, The term household in censuS is defined as a Datia, Panna, Rewa, Satna, Shabdol, S:dhi :md group of persons who commonly live together and Tlkamgarh districts) Scheduled Castes. Likewise would take their meals from a common kitchen Keer and Pardhi Scheduled Tribes are still restrict unless the exigencies of work prevented anyone of ed only in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts; them from doing so. There may be a household of lvlina in Sironj sub-division of Vidisha district; persons related by blood or a household of un Panika in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, Satna, related persons or having a mix of both. Examples ShahdoJ, Sidhi, and Tikamgarh districts; Paruhi, of unrelated households are boarding houses, mes Bahelia, Bahellia, Cbita Pardhi, Langoli Pardhi, sess, hostels, residential hotels, rescue homes, jails, Phanse Pardhi, Shikan, Takankar, Takia in (1) "Ashrams" etc., These are called institutional Bastar, ChhindwaIa, Mandla, Raigarh, Seoni and homeholds. There may be one member households Surguja distri(.;{s, (2) Baihar tahsil of Balaghat two member households or multi - member u istrict, (3) Bet ul and Bbainsdehi tabsils of Bet ul households. For census purposes, each one of these cilstrict, (4) BiJaspur and Kotghora tahsils of Bilas types is regarded as a 'househoJd'. pur district, (5) Durg and Balod ta11sils of Durg uistrict, (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohala Revenue There are three types of households viz, normal, institutional and houseless households. A houseless Inspector's Circles of Rajnandgaon district, (7) household is that which is normally found to be Murwara, Patan and Sihora tahsil of Jabalpur, district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur tahsils of residing on the road side, pavements, in hume pipes Hoshangabad and Narsimhpur dlstrict, (9) Har under staircases, or in open, temple, mandaps, sud tahsil of Khandwa district, (10) Bindra-Nawa platforms and the like. Institutional househo~ds have been explained above. Those households whIch garb I Dbamtari ar.d Mabasamund tahsils of Raipur do not fall in the category of institutional househoid district. and houseless household have been categorised as Persons belonging to the castes/tribes mention normal households, The enumerator was required ed above fOllnd in the districts other than those to indicate in the Household Schedule whether the where Scheduled have not been treated as schedul household belonged to 'Institutional household' or ed castes vr scheduled tribes as the case may be, 'Houseless household'. For institutional'!' was It may be mentioned here that scheduled (.;astes can written against the question 'Type of household' belong to the Hindu or the Sikh religion only, and '0' was indicated in the case of houseless while the scheduled tribes belong to any religion. household. For normal household, no entry was The list of Scheduled Castes and Schedullld Tribes required to be made. relating to Madhya Pradesh relevant to 1981 census The enumeration of institutional households has been given immediately after this note as was done in the manner the normal households were Annexure-I. enumerated during the enumeration period from Literates and Educated Persons: 9th February to 28th February, 1981. The hous~ less households were enumerated on the night of A person whQ can both read and write with 28th February, 1981. understanding in any language is treated as literate. 6
person who can merely read but cannot write, is suses, the economic questions were based on not literate. It is not necessary that a penon different approaches, namely, usual status and who is literate should have received any formal current status, were adopted with reference period education or should have passed any minimum of one year and one week for seasonal and for educational standard. regular work. respectively. Current status approach was th0ught to be irrelevant in the context of our The test for literacy was necessary only when country ,,,,,here usual status of a worker is consider the enumerator bad any doubt about any person ed to be more appropriate. returning as 'literate'. The test for literacy WaS ability to read any portion of the Enumerator's The above questions are in three parts and Instruction Booklet and to write a simple letter. have been designed in such a way that first of all Ability merely to sign one's name was not consider· it attempts to divide the population into two broad ed adequate to qualify a person as being able to groups viz., write with understanding. If a person claimed to (1) those who have worked any time at all be literate in some other language with which the during the last year, (2) those who have not work. enumerator Was not familiar, the respondent's word ed at all. was taken as correct. The latter group consist of the non-workers. All children of the age of 4 years or less were This information is obtained in Q. 14-A. Having treated as iIleterate even if they might be g0ing to classified the population into two groups, the next school and bad picked up reading and writing a attempt has been to classify those who have worked few words. any time into Main workers and Marginal workers, Classification of workers by Industrial Category: on the basis of time spent on work as well as secondary work, if any, of the Main workers. )f At the 1981 Census, the question which were a person had worked for six months or more (180 canvassed in the Individual slip to elicit informa duys or more) he was treated as Main. worker and tion on economic characteristics of the population and if the period of work was less than six months were as follows:- he was regarded as a Marginal worker. In Q. ISB details of secondary work or marginal work are 0) Q. 14A Worked any time at all last Year? obtained. Finally an attempt has been made to Yes determine whether those _who are non-workers or (H/ST/D/R/B/fjO) No. marginal workers are seeking or are available for work. Q. 14B If yes in 14A, did you work for major part of last year? Yes (1)J No (2) It will thus be seen that these questi011S on economic aspects huve been so dCliigned as to ii Q. 15A Main activity last year? identify all workers. full time workers or seasonal Yes in 14B (CfAL/HHl/OW) workers or marginal workers and non.workers with -No in 14B (H/ST/DfR/B/J/O) refereDce to tbe activities during the last one year period prior to the date of enumeration. Q. 15B Yes-Any other work any time last year? 158 Q-:14B No-Work done any time last year? The various terms and definitions llsed in collecting the economic data have been explained Yes (C/AL/HH [/OW)/No briefly in the following paragraphs. C/AL/HHl/OW Definition of work : iii Q. 16-lf N_, in 14/\ or lil3, seeking/available for Work bas been defined as participation in any work? Yes (1 )/No (2) . economically productive activity. Such part icipa· The above questions wen: formulated after tion may be physical or mental in nature. Work detailed discussion at the Data User's Conference involves not only actual work but abo effective and technical group. At the 19{)1 and 1971 Cen- superviSIOn and direction of work. 7
For persons on regular employment or engaged dependents, retired persons or rentiers, beggars, in regular type of work, temporary absence during inmates of institutions, unemployed persons etc. the reference period on account of illness, holiday, They are persons wbo have not worked any time at temporary closure, strike etc., was not a dis all in the year preceeding the enumeration. qualification for treating them as workers. Main activity of workers ; Persons under training, such as apprentices, with Or without stipends or wages were also treated The main activity of workers has been classified as workers. In the caSe of a person who had been into, four categories Viz., cultivator, agricultural offered work but had not actually joined, he was labourer, household industry and other work in the not treated as a worker. Rent receivers, pensioners PCA. at the 1981 census. A significant departure etc., were not treated as economically active ullle'Ss has, therefore, been made while presenting tbe they also engaged themselves in some economic data on economic activity which relate to only four activity. broad categories indicated above as against nine In all these questions, the reference period is ind ustrial categories of the 1961 and the 1971 the one year; preceeding the date of enumeration. censuses. The nine categories of the 1971 census Certain types of work such as agriculture, house were-{i) Cultivator, Oi) Agricultural labourer, (iii) Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting and hold industry like gUT making etc., carried on either throughout the year or only during certain seasons Plantations, Orchards and allied activities, (iv) Mining, (v) Manuf:?cturing, Processing and servic or part of the year, depending on the local circum stance. In all such cases· tbe reference period has ing with sub-categories-(a} At Household Industry and (b) Other than Household Industry, (vi) Con been the broad time span of the agricultural sea Struction, (vii) Trade and Commerce, (viii) Trans sons preceeding the enumeration. port, Storage and Communications, and (ix) Other Main Workers: services. The cOlfespondence between the cate gories of 1981 and 1971 are as under- The main workers are those who have worked for a major part of the year prcceeding the enume 1981 Category 1971 Category ration. Main activity was reckoned in terms of I time disposition. For example, if a person had worked as daily wage labourer for 4 months, as an II II agricultural labourer for 1 month and as cultivator III Via) for 2 months, he Was treated as a Mam worker on IV Ill,IV,V(b),Vt,VIl,VIII & IX the basis of total time spent on work and his main activity have been reckoned as Daily Wage Labourer Cultivator: since he spent major part of his time on work in this activity than as cultivator or agricultural For purposes of census a person is working as labourer. cultivator if he or she is engaged either as c:mployer. single worhr or family worker in cultivation of Marginal Workers: land owned or held from Government or held from Marginal workers are those who have worked private persons or institutions for payment in any time at all in the year preceeding the enumera money, kind or share. tion but have not worked for a major part of tbe Cultivation involves ploughing, sowing and year. For example, if a person who is mostly harvesting and production or cereals and millet doing household duties, or is mainly a student, or cropS sucb as wheat, paddy, jowar, bajra, ragi, a rentier or a beggar and the like who is basically etc., and other crops such as sugarcane,groundnuts a non-worker bad done some work at some time tapioca, etc. and pulses, raw jute and kindered during the reference period, he was treated as a fibre crop, cotton etc., and 'does Dot' include fruit marginal worker. growing, vegetable growing or heping orchards or Non-Workers: groves or working of plantation like tea, coffee, rubber, cinchona, opium a!ld other medicinal plan Non-workers constitute of householders, students tations. Agricllltural Laboureri processing, SerV1Clng, repamng or making and selling (but not merely selling) of goods suei. as Persons working in another person's land for handlooOl weaving, dyeing, carpentry, bidi rolling, wages in money, kind or share have been treated as agricultural labourers. An agricultural labourer pottery manufact II j e, bicycle repairing, blacksmith has nO risk in the cultivation and he has no right of ing, tailoring etc. It docs not induce profession~ such as a plead(.r or doctor or barber or'dhobi' lease or contral,;t on land on which he works. even if such professicns are run at home by D.C:T. Household Industry: bers of the household.
HousehoJd Industry is defined as an industry Other workers: conducted by the head or the household himself! herself and or by the mem bers of the households at home or within the village in rural areas and only All workers, i,e. those who have been engaged within the precincts of the house where the house in some economic activity during the last one year, hold lives in urban areas. The larger proportion who are not cultivators or agricultural labourers of workers in a household industry should consist or in household industry are 'other workers'. The of members of the household including the head. typt.: of workers that COme under this ca tegorv The industry should not boe run on the scale of include factory workers, plantation worker~, registered factory which would qualify and has to trade, commerce, business, transport, mining, Con be registered under the Indian Factories Act. struction, political or social work, all government , servants, municipn 1 tiuployces, teachers, priesls, Household Ind ustry relates to production, entertainment art15t::. etc. 9
ANNEXURE I
MADHYA PRADESH
[ The Scheduled Castes and Sched uled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 1976] Dated the 18th September, 1976
Scheduled Castes:
1 Audhelia. 35 Kumhar (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, 2 Bagri, Bagdi. Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikamgarhdistricts) 3 Bahna, Bahana. 36 Mahar, Mehra, Mehar. 4 Balahi, Dalai. 37 Mang, Mang Garodi, Mang GaruQi, Dankhni 5 Bancbada. Mang, Mang Mahasi, Madari, Garudi, Radhc 6 Barahar, Basad. Mang. 7 Bargunda. 38 Meghwal. 8 Basor, Burud, Bansor, Bansodi, Bansphor, 39 Moghia. Basar. 40 Muskban. 9 Bedia. 41 Nat, Kalbelia, Sap era. Navdigar, K ubutar. 10 Beldar, Sunkar. 42 Pardhi (in Bhind, Dhar, Dewas, Guna, Gwa 11 Bhangi, Mehtar, Balmik, Lalbegi, Dharkar. lior, Indore, Jhabua, Khargone, Mandsaur. 12. Bhanumati. Morena, Rajgarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri 13 Chadar. Ujjain and Vidisha Districts). 14 Cbamar, Chamari, Bairwa, Bltarnbi. Jatav, 43 Pasi. Mochi, Regar, Nona, Rohidas, Rarnnami. 44 Rujjhar. Satnami, Surjyabanshi, Surjyararnnami, Ahir 45 Sansi, Sansia, war, Chamar Mangan. Raidas. 46 Silawat. i< 15 Cbidar. 47 Zamral. ~6 Chikwa, Chikvi. 17 Chi tar . Scheduled Trihes : 18 Dahait, Dahayat, Dahat. I Agariya. 19 Dewar. 2 Andh. 20 Dhanuk. 3 Baiga. 21 Dhed, Dher. 22 Dhobi (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore dis- 4 Bhaina. tricts) , 5 Bharia Bhumia, Bbiunhar Bhumia, Bhumiya, 23 Dohor. Bharia, Paliha, Pando. 24 Dom, Dumar, Dome, Domar, DoriS. Q Bhattra. 25 Ganda, Gandi. 7 Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Patelia. 26 Ghasi, Gbasia. 8 Bhil Mina. 27 Holiya. 9 Bhunjia. 28 Kanjar. 10 Biar, Biyar. 29 Katia, Patharia. 11 Binjhwar. 30 Khatik. 12 Birhul, Birhor. 31 KoJi, Kori. 13 Darnor, Damaria. 32 Kotwal (in Bbind, Dhar, Dewas, Guna, 14 Dhanwar Gwalior, Indore, Jhabua, Khargone,Mandsaur 15 Gadaba, Gad ba. Morena, Rajgbarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shiv. 16 Gond: Arakh, Arrakh, Agaria, Asur, Badi puri, Ujjain. and Vidisha districts). Maria, Bada Maria, Bhatola, Bhimma, Bhuta 33 Khangar, Kanera. Mirdha. KoiIabhuta, Koliabhuti, Bhar, Bisonhorn 34 Kuchbandhia. Maria, Chota Maria, Dannami Maria. Dhuru, 10
Dhurwa. Dhoba. Dhulia, Dorla, Gaiki, "atta 35 Qraon. Dhanka. Dhangad. Gatti, GJ.tia, Gond Gowari. Hill Maria, Kan 36 Panika (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, dra, Kalanga, KhatoJa, Koitar, Koya, Kbirwar Knirwara, Kucha Maria, Kuchaki Maria, Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikarogarh districts.) Madia, Maria, Mana, Mannewar, Moghya, 37 Pao. Mogia, Monghya, Mudia, Muria, Nagarchi, 38 Pardhan, Pathari, Saroti. Ojha, Nag-wanshi, Raj, Sonjhari Jharaka, Thatia, Thotya, Wade Maria, Vade Maria, 39 Pardhi (in Bhopal,Raisen and Sehore districts) Daroi. 40 Pardhi, Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardhi, Lan- 17 Halba, Halbi. goli Pardhi, Phanse Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar 18 Kamar. Takia [in (l) Bastar, Chhindwara, Mandla, Raigarh, Seoni and Surguja districts, (2) Baihar 19 Karkl!. tahsil of Ba18ghat district. (3) Betul and 20 Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia, Tan- Bhainsdehi tahsils of Betul district,(4) Bilaspur war, Chattri and Katghora tahsils of Bilaspur district, 21 Keer (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts). (5) Durg and Balod tahsils of Durg district, 22 Khairwar, Kondar. (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohla Revenue Inspectors' Circles of Rajnandgaon district, (7) 7.3 Kharia. Murwara, Patan and Sihora tabslls of Jabalpur 24 Kondh, Khond, Kandh. district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sobagpur 25 Ko). tahsils of Hoshangabad district and Narsimha 26 Kolam. pur district, (9) Harsud tahsil of KhanJwa 27 Korku, Bopchi, Mouasi, Nihal, Nahul, Bondhi district, (10) Bind ra-Nawagarh , Dhamtari and Mahasamund tahsils ofR~ipur district. Bondeya. 28 Korwa, Kodaku. 41 Parja. 29 Majhi. 42 Sabariya, Saharia, Seharia, Sebria, Sosia, Sor. 30 Majhwar. 43 Saonta, Saunta. 31 Mawasi. 32 Mina (in Sironj sub-t1 ivision ofVid isha district) 44 Sauro 33 Munda. 45 Sawar, Sawara. 34 Nagesia, Nagasia. 46 Som. 11
HISTORY AND SCOPE OF DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK
The History of the Dist,rict Census Handbook Thus the present series of District Census Hand could be traced from the 'Village lists' brought out book consists of two volumes viz; DCHB Part A for every district in }901 and 'village statistics' for an_d DCHB Part B. Part A contains the village/Town every district in 1911. But this was discontinued DIrectory and Part B contains the Town/Villagewise in 1921 and 1931. In 1941, however 'village statis Primary Census Abstract of the concerned district. tics' were brought out by then Central Provinces Part A-Village Directory contains information and Berar Government. It was for the first time in about the na.me of village. total area of village. 1951 the practice of bringing out a single volume total populatIOn and number of households in the known as the District Census Handbook, givilll village. amenities like education. medical, drinking villagewise statistics and other census ta bles for water, post and telegraphs, market day. communi the district at th~ cost of the State Government cations. approach to village, distance from the was initiated and is continuing ~ince then. nearest town, power supply, staple food. laud use places of religious, historiaal and archaeologlcai The District Census Handbook, compiled by interest et~. the Census Organisation On behalf of the State Government is one of the most important publica In addition there are four appendices to the tions of the census and is widely used by planners. Village Directory as und er- administrators. academicians and researchers. (1) Tahsilwise abstract of educational, medical and other amenities. The scope of the District Census Handbook has gone considerable change since 1951. In 1951 (2) Land utilization data in respect of census the District Census Handbook contained only the towns. Primary Census Abstract and the Census tables. (3) TahsiIwise list of villages where no ameni In view of the usefulness of this publication, im ties are available, and provements were made in 1961 by including non (4) Tahsilwise list of villages according to the census data like climate, agriculture, co-operation proportion of Scheduled Castes/Sched uled industry, education, health etc., as also an 'Intro Tribes population by ranges. ductory Note' for each district. Unfortunately. the The last two appendices have been included for desire to make the district census handbook more the first time in 1981 census. Appendix III will be comprehensive delayed its publication. Therefore. helpful for planning input in areas/villages where in 1971, it was decided to publish the district cen basic infrastructure is lacking and Appendix IV will sus handbook in three parts in order to release the be helpful for planning welfare programmes for maximum data as and when finalised. Part A con Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes at micro level, tained the Village Directory which gives vi11agewise particularly in relation to area development non-census statistics of land use, area and amenities orientation programmes. available within the village. Part B contained the village wise Primary Census Ahstract and Part C Similarly the Town Directory contains seven contained various administrative statistics. Part A statements as below- and B were, however, published in one volume since Statement I-Status and growth history. it was e(;onomical to do so as data for both the parts became available early. Parts A and B Were Statement II-Physical aspects and location P\l bUshed separately in Hindi and English versions. of towns. Collection of data for Part C was cumbursome and Statement III-Municipal Finance. it took unduly long time in its finalisation, and ultimately this pUblicaOon had to be abondoned in Statement IV-Civic and other amenities. view of the enormous celay in its printing. Statement V-Medical, educational. recreatio nal and cultural facilities. In 1981 census. with a view to avoid delay in bringing out of DCH series, the part containing Statement VI-Trade, Commerce & Industry and the administrative statistics has been dropped. Banking. 12
An additional statement IV-A is meant only industrial categories viz .• cultivators, agricultural for Class-! and Class-II towns giving the civic and labourers, household industry and other workers, other amenities in notified slums. This statement marginal workers and non-workers. has been introduced for the first time in 1981 census. The inclusion of Primary Census Abstract relating to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Part B-The town/viIlagewise Primary Cenus Tribes at the tahsil/town level is another impor Abstract gives the basic data like area of the village, tant feature of the DCHB series of 1981 census. occupied residential hOllses, total number of house holds, population by sex, as also the sexwise popu An appendix containing Development Block· lation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, wise-'Vikas Khandwar' totals of peA figures has literacy and population by sex into four broad also been included. ANALYTICAL NOTE
The district is named after its headquarters History town Gwalior. The district is situated in the northern part of the state and lies between lati The first historical holders of Gwalior were tudes 25°,34'N and 26°21'N and longitudes 77·40'E the Runa adventures. In inscription belonging and 78· 1 E. One peculiar feature of the 54 to this family has been found in the fort. Mihir district is that it is not a compact one. Of the kula, a Hun was in possession of Gwalior in the three tahsils of the district, Bhandor tahsil lies early sixth Century. In the nineth Century it was separated by some enclaves of Datia distri~t. in the hands of Raja Bhoj of Kanauj, whose The other two tahaila viz, Pichhore and GIrd record is on the Chatarbhuj rock-cut temple. The however form a compact area. The Gird Zind Kachhwaha Rajput appeared on the scene in the Pichhor: tahsils are bounded by Bhind distrIct middle of the tenth century and tlaey appear to in the north-east, Datia in the east, Shivpuri in the have continued to hold it either as independc:nt south-west and Morena in the north and north rulers or as feudatories till about 1128 when they west. The other part of the district i,e. the Bhand er were ousted by the Parihars. The latter held tahsil is surrounded by Bhind district in the north, possession until 1196 when the fort was taken for in the west by Datia district and in the south and east by Jhansi district of Uttar Pradesh. Sultan Mohammad Ghori by Kutub-ud-din Aibak. In 1210 during the rule (If Kutub-ud-din's son, the Parihars recovered it and held possession until The district takes its name from the historic 1232. In 12.31 Altamsh after a seVere siege lasting rock fortress which fOrms a commanding land eleven months and after some bitter fighting mark in the area soaring 300 i above the plains. captured it, The Rajput women committed In inscriptions relating to the fort however is suicide according to the custom of lauhar .. The called, Gopagiri, Gopadri a.nd Gopachala (lhe spot is still known as Jauhar Kund. 700 prisloners Shepherd's hill). Gwalior fort is one of the most were executed before the victors' tent. It remained famous in India, 'the pearl in the necklace of , in Muhammadan possession till 1398 but in the Castles of Hind' as the author of the Taj-ul Maasir disturbances caused by Timur's invasion it was put it. It Stands on an isolated sandstone hill. sei~ed by Tonwar Rajputs. From 1398 the fort measuring 1t.. miles long, 2800 feet across at passed into the hands of Bir Singh, a Tomar its widest part. 'The walls above the scarp are Rajput. Though subjected to attacks the Tomars about 30 feet high. Tradition assigns the founda managed to held the fort till 1518 when it was tion to one Suraj Sen, who was cured of leprosy by surrendered to Ibrahim Lodi. The greatest an ascetic named Gwalipa. Suraj Sen a Kachh among the Tomar ralers was Mansingh, He was waha Prince came to the foot of the hill where a very versatile ruler. During the period of the ascetic lived. Suraj Sen was a Jeper and asked Tonwar rule, Gwalior rose to great eminence the hermit Gwalipa for water to drink. The sage especially in the long reign of Raja Man Sin~h. gave the water to the prince. The prince was It was in his time the magnificent palaces With cured of his leprosy as soon as he drank the water. its great gate which crowns the eastern face of th~ Suraj Sen was asked to build a fort on the hill rock, was built. For his .favourite queen Mn and to enlarge the tank from which the healing gnaina 'the fawn eyed' a Gujar by caste, he water was drawn. Suraj Sen built the fortress . built the Gujari Mahal, a marvellous place and named it after the hermit Gwali-awar. The which today houses some archaeological finds. tank was also enlarged and named as Suraj Kund Out of 36 singers enumerated in the Ain-I-Akbari after his 0 wn name. 15 were belonged to Gwalior including the famous 14
Tan Sen. In 1526 the (ort was taken by Babar remammg months at Indore. With the fromation and in 1542 it fell to Sher Shah Suri. It remained of Madhya Pradesh on 1st November, 1956 this with the Suri's till 1559 when it went baek to the formula came to an end and Gwalior became Mughals under Akbar's regime. It passed to a district. Akbar and remained a Mughal possession until the eighteenth Century. During its possession by Physical Features the Mughals it was used as a State prison, the The district lies at a juncti(;m of the Malwa Cells for political prisoners, now called the Plateau in tbe South-West and the gangetic plain Nauchauki, still existing near the Dboda Gate, to in the north and east. The district except for an the west of the fort. Many members of the Delhi out crop of Vindbyan Sandstone near Gwalior city ruling house of the day had entered the fort, few consists of level al1uvlal plain. The western poi- ever to leave it. Prince Khusru and Murad tion of the district is mostly a plateau which were imprisioned bere. Prince Muhammad son brings the Malwa Plateau to an end. The highest of Aurangzeb was put to death in this fort. hill feature being 1454' in Sirkoli forest. Topo By 1741 the Mughal empire had become so graphically it fallg into four main divisions, the feable that Malwa finally went over to Balaji Rao plateau division in the west, hilly tract in the Peshwa. The fort was still in possf'ssion of centre, south eastern and north eastern plains. Mughals till the Mughal commander surrendered 10 The Plateau division is the extension of Raria Bhim Singh of Gohad. Among the Maratha Malwa Plateau. This area is mostly hilly.and has generals of the day Ranoji S;::india was rising fast. some good forests. Its highest points are Tor hill Ranoji Scindia is the founder of the House of (1,454') in sirkoli forest and Din hill (1420') in Scind ias, the family that ruled Gwalior, for a Renhat Reserved forest. The northern part of little over 200 years. Mahadji Scindia, a des- the division is more dIssected where river Sank , cendant of Ranojl then built up his power and has been dammed at Tigra and the Gwahor hill fmally became a very powerful monarch. Mahadji fort stand s further east of it. died (1794) without an heir but decided upon his successor viz. Danlat Rao. Daulat Rao laid the The general height of the Central hilly tract foundation of the modern Gwalior town. From is about 800 ft. above sea level. The tract is l853 onwards it was a period of able admini somewhat hilly but otherwise fairly clearly :marked stration under Dewan Sir Dinkar Rao. It was from the plateau. The central hilly part forms during his time the war of Independence was waters hed of the district rivers having north course broke out. Despite Pressure to join the rebel join Chambal whereas river having southerly leaders the Scindia's remain loyal to the British. course join n ver Sind. Gwalior fort passed into British hands upto 1885 when it was restored to Scindia in exchange for The south eastern portion is the area of Jbansi.· Jiyaji Rao died in 1886 and was succeeded plains of river Sind and Pahuj. The plain by Madhav Rao, whose reign was ushered in many of river sind and its tributaries occupies a changes. Jayaji Rao died in 1925 and was succee large part of the district in the south east. River Sind from the south-eastern boundary of ded by Maharaja Jiwaji Rao Scindia who reigned Pichhore tahsil of the district, and is the main upto 28th May 1948 and then become the Raj perinial river in th~ region. The whole of south Pramukh of Madhya Bharat. The Nationalist movement gathered momemtum and bicameral eastern plain has rich alluvial soil suitable for agriculture. The soil being porous has caused legislature was formeu in 1939_ With the advent the streams to erode their banks and thus all of Indenpendence on 15th August, 1947 the Ruler a.long t1le banks big and small ravines have been signed the instrument of Acces.sion and on 28th created. May 1948 GwaHor alon~ with 24 states and estates was merged to form the state of Madhya Bharat. The north eastern plain is drained by rivers Gwalior and Indore claimed to be the capital of Sank. Sonrekha, Maran and Vaishali. Soil ero New state. A co:npromise was evolved and for sion is more,rigoUlous in the northern plain es seven months the capital was at Gwalior and for pecially along the upper streams of river Vaishali. IS
The important rivers of the district are Sank, and more than 2.5 times bigger than the smallest Sonrekha, Morar, Vaisali, Sind, Nun, Chachond, district·Datia (2,038 Sq. Kms.). Gwalior district Asan and Pabuj. Sind is the largest river rising is bigger than Bhopal and Dalia put together. in the Sironj .tahsil of Vidisha district •. It enters The seven districts which are smaller than the the southern plain of the Gwalior district near Gwalior district are Narsimhapur (5,133 Sq. Kms) , 25· .05' N latitude. River Parbati rises in the Tikamgarh (5048 Sq. Kms), Ratlam (4,861.0 Sq •. Shivpuri district. A dam has been constructerl Kms), Bhind (4,459.0 Sq. Kms.), Indore (3,898.0) at Kaketa. It flows in a south easterly direction Bhopal (2,772 Sq. Kms) and Datia (2.038.0 Sq. forming a natural boundary of the district upto Kms.). The average area of a district in the state village Khiria from where it hows through the works out to 9,854.35 Sq. Kms. Gwalior district southern part of the district till it meets ri ver falls 4,640 Sq. Kms. short of the average area of Sind at village Pawaya. A dam has been con a district. structed at Harsi whIch is the biggest dam in the division. The populatIOn of the district is ],107,819 of which 498,468 constitute the rural and 609,411 The hill ranges are sandstone type and have the urban components.· The population of the with stood the erosion. In the western palt the district is unevenly distributed in the three tahsils hill ranies are of Vindhyan type. The areas around of the district. Gird Tahsil constitute 65.54 Guna and Shivpuri district are covered by Deccan per cent of the district population while Pichhore trap. tahsil with 25.70 per cent of its content rank
second. Only 8.7 J per cent population of the Climate & Rainfall district live in the detached tahsil of Bhanrler. Gwalior district occupies the 21st place in the 45 The district has the well known peculiarity districts of the state in respect of population and of a marked rainy season during late summer contribute 2.12 per cent of the total population of montbs. The seasons are well marked. The hot the state. The average population per district in season begins in March and continues till the tbe state come 1,159,159 persons. The Popu onset of th~ monsoon in June. The mercury lation of the Gwalior district falls short by 51,650 shoots up to 48°0 C. The monsoon sets in from about last week of June or early July. The average persons than the average population per district. rainfall is 900 mm. From NOVEmber the weather gets pleasent. December and January are tile Following statement sbows the popUlation of coldest months. The climate of the district is the district since 1901 and the percentage decade on the whole dry. variation.
Area and Population Growth of Population of the district
The district covers an area of 5,214 Sq. Kms. ------__ ..... whioh is a little laore than 1.17 per cent of the Year Persons decade vanati-on. total area of the state. The area figures are those ------.. ---- supplied by the Surveyor General of India. Out 1901 393,783 of this 4902.7 Sq. Kms. area is under rural and 1911 321,025 - 18.48 the remaining 311. 3 ~q. Kms. is unoer urban 1921 334,139 4.09 area&. Th~ dIstrict urban area is the total + of area of all urban units (Cities/Towns etc.) as 1931 372,303 + 11.42 supplied by the local bodies, the district rural 1941 449,999 + 20.85 area have been derived by substracting district 1951 530,299 + 17.87 urban area figures from the disirict total. 1961 657,876 + 24.0. The distrct ranks 38th in the state in respect 1971 858,005 + 30.42 of area. It is 7.5 times smaller than the biggest 1981 1,107,879 + 29·12 district of the state, i. e. Bastar (39114 Sq. Kms.) ------16
fall in proportion of sexes since 1911 except in During the 1901-11 the district Jost its popu 195] when the proportion was highest. Sex-ratio lation due to plague and later due to famine in has always been much lower than the state figures. 1905-6 for the monsoon failed and there was a severe frost whie destroyed the crops. The decade In thetlurrounding districts of Gwalior the position is identical with Morena 834, Bhind 827, Datia 1911-21 saw the first world war and Great Influenza 853 and Shivpuri 855. Epidemic. Yet the district returned an increase of +4.09, this is mostly because in spite of epidemic T()wDS and Villages Gwalior and then Lashkar cities returned to normacy. In the next decade the growth accords There are 5 towns in the district viz. Gwalior, , well with the state pattern. In the decade 1931-41 Morar Cantt, Pichliore, Dabra and Bhander and growth of Gwalior city {43.75%> causes high 712 in'habited villages in tbe district. In 1901 there growth rate in the district. From 1941-51 the were 6 towns in the district which has come down growth pattern of the district show parity with the to 5 in 1981. Gwalior is classified as town since state growth rate. 1901, Other town which is classified as town since The population of the district live in 712 19"} is Bhander but it was decJassJli~d in }951 inhabiteds villages and 5 towns. However, there Census. Morar Cantt. was treated as town for the are in all 183 villages of which 71 aTe uninhabited. first time in 1931 but it Was declassified in 1951 and As compared to the state (I 18) the density of 1971 Censuses. Dabra was classified as town in population of the district is 212 persons per Sq. 1951 Census. Pichbore was treated as town in km.The density in Rural and Urban areas is 102, 1941 and w,as declassified in 1951 but regained urban and 1958, respectively. status in 1961 and continues to be towns ince then. Sex-Ratio or the five towns in the district Gw:.llior is class I Sex composition of a p')pulation is expressed town and Bhallder and Morar Cantt are Class IV in terms of number of females per 1,000 male. towns. Dabra and Picbbore are class HI and V, towns respectively. The sex-ratio of the district is 845 as against 941 of the taste, The following statement show • Out of 712 inhabited villages in the district the changes in sex-ratio from 1901-81. 5?50 per cent villages fall in population size less .------~ ------than 500 and constitute 21.13 per cent population Year~ Madha GWalior of the district. 28.79 per cent villages come under 'Prados District population size 500-999 and constitute 28.28 per ~------~ -- --. ------cent population. Villages having population size 2 ______... ___r ______- ____ 1,060-1,999 constitute 12.92 per cent villages and 1901 990 N.A. contain 24.77 per cent populatin. 5.06 and 0.10 1911 986 875 per cent viI1ages occupy the population raltges 1921 974- 833 2,000-4,999 and 5,000-9,999 and have population 1931 973 846 percentage 18.70 and 7.12 respe~tive]y. There is no 1941 97 ) 863 village having more than 10,000 population in the 1951 %7 891 district. 1961 953 859 1971 941 839 Agriculture 198 1 941 845 The soil is cnered with alluvial soil with fair ------~------fertility. Total area under cultivation of crops for There has always b~en a preponderanC;! of 1980-81 was 250,399 hectares constituting 47.9& males over famales in this region. There are 845 per cent of the total geographical area. Wheat females per 1000 males. There have been consistant is the major crop of t.l1e district and occupies. 17
32.64 per cent et the cropped area. Jowar is the In would be observed from tbe above that crop sown in about 4J,787 hectares and occupies . the percentage of ached uled Gastes is much higher 15.32 per cent cropped area. Rice occupie'i )0.18 in th(' district than that cf State. Of the total sche per cent of the total crop area. dules castes in the district, Gird tahsil ranks first with 58.59 per cent while Pichhore and Bhander About 102,568 hectares of area was under follow suit with 30.65' and 10.74 respectively. irrigation. Irrigation by canals constitute 69.70 per Amongst the castes, Chamar is the most dominant cent and irrigation by wells is another important caste in the district. It contains 55.7 per cent of source of irrigation. There are three important the total scheduled castes population of the dams which are the major source of irrigation in district, Koli or Kori with 22.16 per cent occupies the area. second position while Bhangi and Khangar form 7.12 and 5.05 per cent, respectively. Among the Scheduled Castes aud Scheduled Tribes tahllils similar pattern emerges as regards the There are 227,273 Scheduled Castes and distribution of scheduled castes. In Gird tahsil the 30,750 Seheduled Tribes persons in the district Chamar again figUie the dominant caste with 50.78 which constitutes 20.51 and 2.87 per cent of the per cent. Next in order of percentage ..:omes the total populatiol'l of the district. Perce'ntage distri Koli or Kori caste with 28.28 per cent. The third bution of members of Scheduled Castes and notable caste with 9.26 per cent coverage is the Scheduled Tribes in RUral and Urban areas to total Bhangi. In pichhore tahsil also Chamar constitute popUlation is as below:- the predominan t caste witlJ 63.14 per cent whereas Koli Of Kori comti ute 12.77 per cent. In Bhander tahsil also Chamar and Koli are the most impor- Name of Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes tant castes with 60.80 and 15.61 per cent, respec Slate ,--~---~,--~---~ tively. In urban areaS also the same pattern is District Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urbtln . visible as will be clear from the figures I:iven ------below:- Madhya 14.10 14.52 12.45 22.97 27.78 4.01 Pradesh Gwalior 20.51 23.55 18.03 2.78 4.89 1.04 Scheduled Castes District r-----~ .-----~ Chamar Bhangi Kol i or Kori
Tahsi Iwise figures for sched uled castes and Gwalior U.A. 43.64 10.79 36.82 scheduled tribes are as under:-- Morar Cantt. 76.42 17.04 2.24 Pichhore (M) 54.16 6.45 13.74 Dabra (M) 51.01 9.31 23.10 Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes Bh(Jnder (M) 48.92 4.39 35.11 Name of ,---.A----"\ ,--~~---~ Tahsil Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban In respect of Scht'duled tribe tbe perc'!ntage of Gird 133,171 33,933 99,238 19,157 13,119 b,038 Soheduled tribes to total popUlation is much lower Tahsil in the district than.the state percentage. Gird tahsH Pichhore 69,6-5 61,460 8,215 11,087 10,780 307 with 62.29 per cent sched uled tribes popUlation Tahsil of the total scheduled tribes in the district Bhander 24,427 21,982 2,445 506 494 12 is on the top followed by pichhore tahsil with Tahsil 6.305per cent, while Bhander tahsil ranks third with only 1,64 per cant. Seharia is, the dominent tribe ------Gwalior 227,273 117,375 109,898 30,75Q 24,3936,357 in the district sharing 66.'2 per cent of the total district tribal population of the district. Next important ------tribe in order of numerical strength is Manjhi 18
constituting 14.94 per cent of the total scheduled tribes of tbe district.. As in the case of scheduled tribes population of the district. Third important castes the 'above mentioned tribes are equally tribe is Bhil which contains 7.35 per cent district distributed among the tahsils of the district and population of the scheduled tribes. Gond-Daroi exhibit the same patt'ern as in case of the district. constitute 4.59 and ranks fourth among the
The following table shows the distribution of villages according to the availability of different amenities in the district
TABLE 1
Distribution of Villages According to tbe Availability of Different Amenities
------_ ---_------~-.-- No. (with percentage) of villages having one or more of the followjng amenities , ______...A.. ______'--"
51' Name of Tahsil No. of Educa- Medical Drinkmg Post and Marketl Communi- Approach Power No. inhabited tion water Telegrapn Hat cations by pucca supply villages road ------_-._--- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ------.. _------.--- :....._ 1 Gird Tahsil 264 188 18 264 36 1 43 62 115 (71. 21) (6.82) (100.00) (13.64) (0.38) (16.29) (23.48) (43.56)
2 Pichhore TahSil 310 237 17 310 50 3 56 84 69 -(76.45) (5.48) (100.00) (16.13) (0.97) (18.06) (27.10) (22.26)
3 Bhander Tahsil 138 104 5 ,38 23 2 18 17 13 (75.36) (3.62) (100.00) (16.67) (1.45 ) (13.04) (12.32) (9.42 )
----_...---.. ------.------~.--- Total District 712 529 40 712 109 6 117 163 197 (74.30) (5.62) (100.00) (15.31) (0.84) (16.43) (22.89) (27.67) --_-._------_._-----._------
The review of the above table would show 'villages are served by post and telegraph and that drinkng water facility is available in all the C;ommunication facility, resectively. It 15 curious villages of the district. Next important amenity to note that only 6 villages in the district have available in the villages of the disttict is market/hat facility. education. Out of 712 villages in the district 529 villages have s')me kiud or other ed ucational Among the tahsils Gird and Pichhore tahsils institution. In terms of percentage 74.30 per have more or less the same pattern of amenities cent villages of the district have edllCatlOnal as existed in the district except in case of .facility. It is interesting to note tha t only 40 power supply. Gird tahsil has higher percentage vilJages in the district have some mt:liical amenity which comes to 5.62 per cent of the total villages. of villages covered by this amenity. All the Power supply facility seems to b(;: the next impor villages of all the three tahsils have drinking tant ameni 1y available after education. 197 villages water faCIlity ~vailable in the village. More than of the 712 villages of the distriet are served by 7f) per cent villages in all the tahsils of the district Ptlc!;a road facility. 15.31 and 16.43 per cent of have ed ucational facilith:s. 19
Ranking of tahsils by different amenities available in the villages is as shown OOlow:------Sl.No Name of Education Medical Post & Market} Communi Approach Power Tahsil Telegraph Hat cation by pucca supply Road ______...J..-______- .,.-.------_------2 3 4------..---- 5 6 ------7 8 ------9 1 Gird Tahsil 3 1 3 3 2 2 1 2 Pichhore Tahsil 1 2 2 l 1 1 2 3 Bhander Tahsil 2 3 1 3 3 3 ------_ ------~ ----_------
.100 per cent villages of all the tahsils are and telegraphs and Market I Hat facility. It is covered by drinking water facility, hence it ha.s curious to note that Gird tahsil which contains the not been taken into consideration while ranking district headquarters stands third in respect of of tansils with reference to amenities available in educa tion, Post and TeIeraph and Market/hat it. Gird tahsil ranks first in Medical and Power facility. supply amenty while Pichbore ranks first .in Proportions of rural population served by education, communication and approach by different amenities is shown in the inset table pucca road. Bhand~r tahsil ranks first in Post below;-
TABLE 2
Proportion of Rural Population St"rYed by Different Amenities
------~------.--~------Sl. Name of Total Popu. Proportion of rural popUlation served by the amenity of No. Tahsil lation of r------~------~ inhabited Education Medical Drinking Post & Market! Communi- Approach Power villages in Water telegraph Hat cation by pucca supply the tahsil road _.. ------.-_------_._------.~------1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 t ------_ - -_------1 Gird Tahsil 170,195 156,453 43,636 170,195 69,729 3,358 55,872 72,729 106,561 (91.93) (25.64) (100.00) (40.91) (1.97) (32.23) (42".73) (62.61) 2 Pichhore Tdhsil 243,738 227,735 52,577 243,138 .96,100 16,445 84,807 107,100 101,644 (93.43) (21.57) (100.00) (39.43) (6.75) (34.79) (43.94) (41.70) 3 Bhander Tahsil 84,535 77,371 13,073 84,535 31,018 5,224 20,614 16,101 11,841 (91.53» (15.46) (100.00) (36.69) (6.18) (24.39) (19.05) (14.01) ------_ ------... ------.------_----- Total : DIstrict 498,468 461,565 109,286 498.468 196,847 25,027 161,293 195,930 220,046 (92.60, (21.92) (100.00) (39.49) (5.02) (32.36) (39. 31 ) ( 44. 14 )
As has been descdbed in the preceding facility is ed ucation, which covers 92.60 per cent paragraph, all the villages of the district are served rural population of the district. In terms of popula by drinking water facility. 100 per cent population tion coverage, power supply amenity is the third of the district is coversd by this faciity. Next largest amenity in the district. 44.14 per cent of important amenity followed by drinking water the d isttict population is served by this amenity. 20 . Post and Telegraph amenity is available to 39.49 Bhander in education, communication and appr- per cent of district rural population. Approach oach by pucca road, whereas Gird tahsil has higher by pucca road facility IS availed of by 39.31 percentage of population coverage in medical, per cent of rural popUlation of the dL;trict. Oul Post and telegraph and power supply amenity. of 498,468 persons i'n the district 161,293 persons Though only :6 villages among 264 villages in the are served by communication facility which comes tabsil have post and telegraph facility and it to 32.36 per cent rural population of the district. ranks first in term of population coverage. 21.92 per cent of the rural population of the Pichhore tahsil ranks first in market/hat communi district is covered by the medical facility. Only cation and approach by pucca road. Bhander forty villages in the district have some kind of tahsil bas lowest percentage of coverage in all the medical institutions. About 22 per cent population amenities except in market/hat In which GIrd tahsil coverage by this facility is not a hopeless situation bas the lowest percentage. by any standard. It is intriguing to note that only 5.02 per sent of the district population is served by Distribution of villages not having certain market/hat facility. amenities aHanged by distance ranges from the Among the tahsils Pichhore tahsils enjoys the places where these are available is shown in the inset table below:~ bigh~st percentage of population than Gird and
TABLE 3
Distribution of villages not having certain amenities arranged by distance ranges from the places where these are available
------_------Sl. Villa.ge not having the Number of villages Where the amenity is not available and available at No. amenity of distance of ,-.------"."..... _------5 Kms. 5-10 Kms. 10+Kms Total (Cols. 2 + 4) ------1 2 3 4 5 6
------~------.------Education 164 19 183 2 Medical 219 296 157 672 3 Drinking water 4 Post and Telegraph 392 152 59 603 5 Market/Hat 101 225 380 706' 6 Communic.ation 313 221 61 595 ------Out of the 712 villages in the district }83 villa amenity available in the distance range 5-10 Kms. ges have no educational institutions of any kind. . 89.67 per cent of the villages not having educa-' Medical tional amenity have this amenity available at a 94.38 per cent villages of the district do not distance of 5 Kms. and only 19 villages have the have medical facility. Out of 672 villeges not 21 having any medical facility 32.58 per cent villages Among the tahsill Bhander is placed at a (2]9) have medical facility available at a distan~e happier position in respect of educational amenity. of 5 Kms. and 44.04 per cent villages have thIs Out of 34 villages which have no educational ame. facility available at 5 .. 10 Kms. 23.36 per cent of nity all these villages have this amenity within 5km. viIlages which have DO medical facility at the Incidentlly all these villa&es are small size villages viUages have this facility available at a distance of having less than 50~ population. Gird and 10+ Kms. Pichhore have 76 and 73 villages respectively which do not ha~e educational am..:nity at the village. Of Post and Telegraph these 61 villages of Gird tahsil and 69 viliages of Pichhore tahsil have ed ucational facility within 86.09 per cent of the villages of the district do, 5 kms. and only 15 and 4 villages fall in the not have Post and telegraph ameDity available in the distance range 5-10 kms. village. 65.00 per cent of these vil1ages bave this fac{lity available at a 0 istance of 5 kms. and 25.20 As regards medical amenity in different tahsils per cent villages are in the distance range 5-10 kms. of the district Gird tah~il has 246, Pichhore 293 where tbis facility is available. 9.78 per cent of the and Bbander 132 villages which have no medical villages have this facility at a .distance of 10+ kms. f~cility of any kind. 72 villages in Gird. 107 villages in Pichhore and 40 villages in Bhander are placed MarketJHat at distance range 5 lans. wbere some kind of meokal facility is available. It is curious to note 706 villages out of 712 villages in the district 'that Gird which is the district headquarters do not have market/hat amenity. 14.30 per cent tahsil bas 246 villages which do not have any 'villages have this amenity available at 5 kms., kind of medical facility. whereas 31.86 per cent and 53.82 per cent villages have to walk 5-10 kms. and 10+ kms, respectively The position is nOM too good in respect of to avail this faeUity, other amenities in the tahsil. Large number of villages are placed in distance ranges-5. 5-10 and Communication 10 + kms. to a vail the ameni ties of post & tel e Of the 595 villages not having communication graph, Market/hat aDd communications. facility in the village 52.60 per cent villages have Distribution of villages according to the dist~· this facility available at a distance of 5 kms. while nce ranges from ~be nearest town and availability 37.14 per cent villages have at 5-10 kms. Only it of different amenity is shown in the inset table 1.2 per cent villages have this facility available at below:- 10+ kms. 22
TABLE 4
Distribution of villages according to the distance range from the neare~t town and availability' of different amenities
----_... ------,------Distance range No. of inha bited No. (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of r------_____..A.. ______- __---, from the near viUages in est town (in each range Educational Medical Drinking Post and Marketl Communi~ Approach Power kilometres) water Telegraph Hat cation by pucca supply road ------I 2 3 4 5 6 7 g 9 10 -----_------_.. _------_...;._._---- 0-5 69 44 69 6 7 22 14 (63.77) (100.00) 1,8.70) (1.45) (10.14) (31. 88) (20.29)
()~15 237 194 12 237 39 1 33 52 57 (81.86) (5.06) (100,00) (16.46) (0.42) (13,92) (21. 94) (24.05)
16-50 364 264 26 365 56 4 67 80 J12 (72.33) (7.12) (100.00) (15.34) (1.10) (18.36) (21 .92) (30.68)
51+ 41 27 2 41 8 10 9 14 (65.85) (4.88) (l00.00) (19.51) (24 39) (21.95) (30.18)
Unci assified'
------_-.. - - --- _------_ Total 712 529 40 712 109 6 117 163 197 (74.30) (5.62) (tOO.OO) (15.3]) (0.84) (16.43) (22.89) (27.67) ------_._---_------_------'----_
Highest percentages of village having edu Post and Telegraph facility is also available cational amenity fa}} in the distance range 6-15 to the villages located far away from the nearest kms, from the nearest town followed by distance town. Out of total 109 villages having post and range 16-50 kIllS. Out of529 villages having edu telegraph facility 8~.02 per cent (95 villages) cational amenity 49.9 per cent villages are iituated villages are in the distance range 6-50 kms. (35.77 at a distance range 16-50 kms. Ancther 36.6 per per cent in 6-15 and 51.37 per cent in 16-50 kms.) cent villages having educational amenity of any 7.33 viJIages fall in ctistanc' range 51 +kms. kind are in the distance range t-i5 kms. Thus Market/hat facitlity is very negligible in the 86.57 per cent villages baving educational amenity district Out of 712 villages in the district only 6 fall within 6-50 kms. from the nearest town. villages (O.8~ per cent) have market facility in the district. Out of tbese 6 villages 4 villages are in Medical facility is the poorest in the district. the distance range 16-50 kms. Of the 40 villages havIng this amenity in the district 26 villages (65 percent) fall in the Communication facility is available in only distance range 16.50 kms. from the nearest town. 16.43 per cent villages of the district. 28.20 per cent This constl ttl te 7.12 per cent of the total villages baving communication facility fall in the villages in the distance range 16.50 Kms. distance range 6-15 kms. while 57.26 per cent 23 villages come under distance range 16-50 Kills. kms. and about 31.90 per cent villages at 6·15 kms. Only 8.5 per cent villages fall in th e distance range distance from the nearest town. It may be observed 51+kms. ' that very few viUages having certain amenities are located at a distance 0-5 and 51 +-kms. Most of Approach by pucca road is available in )63 the villages baving certain amenity ore located villages out of 712 villages of the district. Thus in the distance range 6.50. The same picture only 22.89 percent villages of the district are served emergd in the tahsils of the district. by this facility. Those having approach by pucca road are mostly situated at a distance of 6-50 km. Distribution of villages accroding to popu from nearst town. 49.07: per cent village having' lation range and amenities available is shown approach by pucca road are at a distance of 16-50 in the inset table;-
TABLE 5
Distribution of viUages according to population ranges and amenities available
------_...__------... _------Range of Number of . Number (with percentage) of villages having thi! amenity of Population inhabited ("""_-'. ______..A.. ------""""\ .Wages in Educational Medical Drinking Post and Marketl Communi- Approach by Power each range water Telegraph Hat cation pucca road supply ------_-- _, ---._-_ ------2 3 4: 5 6 7 8 9 10 ------_._------
Less than-499 375 196 375 8 36 58 75 (52.27) (100. 00) (213) (9.60) (15.47) (20.00)
SOO~1,999 296 292 10 296 62 53 75 91 (98.65) (3.38) (100.00) (20.95) (17 .91) (25.34) (30.H)
2.000-4,999 36 36 26 36 35 5 23 25 26 (100.00) (71.22) (100.00) (97.22) (13.89) (63.89) (69.44) (72.22)
5.000+ ~ 5 4 5 4 5 5 5
(100.00) (80.00) (JOO.OO) (80.00) (20.00) (100.00) (100.00 ) ( tQO.OO) -----,.....------Tota) 712 529 40 712 109 6 117 to3 197 (74.30) (5.62) (100.00) (15.31) (0.84) (16.43) (22.89) (27.0) ------.. _------
It may be observed that Jarger the population 499 population do not enjoy the same facility as size better is th~ educational and other facilities in the villages oC bigger population size. However the villages. All the 44 villages having more 52.27 per cent villages in the population range-499 than 2,000 population in the district have ed uca have educatioml facility. Post and Telegraph, tional faciJity available in it. As regards medical Communications, approach by pucca road and and post and telegraphs 30 and 39 villages, respec power supply constitute 2.13, 9.60, 15.47 and tively have this facility. Except in case of market! 20.00 respectively. Similar position occures in the hat all five villages in population range 2,000-4,999' tahsils of the disttiet also. Except in ed ucational have facility of co'mmunication, approach by pucca amenities very low percentage of v~l1ages are road and power su pply. ViHages having less than covered in-499 populalion range. Table nnmber 6 below show the main staple food in the majority of villages in each tahsil.
TABLE 6
Main staple Food in tbe Majority of villages in each Tahsil ------81. No. Name of Tahsil Main staple food ------._------1 Gird Tahsil Wheat, Jowar 2 Pichhore Tahsil '" heat, Rice 3 Bhander Tahsil wheat, ]owar
...... ------_.. _------
Wheat is the most common staple food of Inset table 7 below sbows the distribution the district, however 10war is also used as staple of villages according to land use. :- food in Gird and Bbander tahsils.
TABLE 7
Distribution of Villages Accor4iog to Land use
__ - ______o ______~ _____
Sl. Name of 1ahsil No. of inhabited Total area Percentage of cultivable Percent:Ige of irrigated No. viUagell area to total area area to total Cultivable area ------"_-----_--- 1 2 3 4 5 6 -----,------,
Gird Tahsil 264 230,258.40 89,395.19 14,562.20 (40.59) (16.29) 2 Pichhore Tahsil 310 177,747.\3 141.982.35 57,411.29 (79~88) (40.44) 3 Hhandcr Tahsil 133 61,730.39 56,278.19 7,276.20 (91. \7) (12.93)
___o ______-.. __ ---.,.. ______• __
Total : District 712 459,735.92 287,655.73 73,249.69 (62.51) (27.55) ------..------_------
According to the village papers tbe total the total area is cultiva ted in the district. Bhander area or the district is 459,735.92 hectares. Gird tahsil with 91.17 per cent of its area rankes first in thus occupies 47.9 percent of the total area cultivable area to total area followed by Pichhore followed by Pichhore tahsil with 38.6 pe,r cent. with 79.88 percent of in area being cultivable. Gird Bhander tahsil constituter 13.4 percent of the area tabsil has the lowest percentage (40.59) of culti and ranks third in the district. 62.57 percent of va ble area lo total area of the tahsi 1. 2S
27.55 per cent area of the district is irrigated. in tbat order. The following table shows the Pichhore tahsil with its 40.44 per cent area being growth, density and sex-ratio of urban popula irrigated ranks first followed by Gird, Bhander tion in the district in relation to the state.
TABLE 8
Growth, Density and Sex-ratio oC Urban Population in the Di.strict in relation to the State ------District State ,------..A.------~ ,------..A.----_____ ~ Cen- Total Urban %Urban Decadal Density Sell- Total Urban %Urban Decadal Density Sex- sus Popu- Popu- Popula- Percentage (Popu- ratio(No. Popu- Popu- Popu!a- percentage (popula- ratio(No. year latioD lation tion ' variation lation of females lation lation tion variation tion per offemales an urban per sq. per 1,000 in urban sq. kms.) per 1,000 popu'ation km.) malea) pc:;pulation males} ------2 3 6 7 s 9 10 11 12 13 ------~------
1951 530,299 247,958 46.76 +29.80 2,992 893 26,071,637 3,132,937 12.02 +33 .16 2,034 907
1961 657.176 ·3,244,448 49.32 +30.85 4,682 852 32,372,408 4,627.234 14.29 +47.70 2,412 856
1971 858,005 44:2,997 51.tl3 +36.54 3,990 845 41,654,119 6,784,'167 16.29 +46.63 2.378 868
1981 1,101,879 609,411 55.01 +31.57 1,958 867 52,178,844 10,586,45920.29 +56.03 2,170 884
------.. --..------_.----
TABLE 9
New Town addedfTowDs d.eclassified in 1981 Census
The above table would show that there has been consistent growth in the urban population Name of Town Population 1981 Census of the state and district since 1951. The district ---_.. ------has greater percentage of urban popUlation tha 2 the State. This showi that the district is more ------_._------16,847 urbanised than the state. (a) Added Morar Cantt. In respect of density of urban population Nil also the district has higher popUlation per sq. k~, (b) Declassified than the State urban. ------Sex-ratio in the district shows similar Table no 9 above shows the new towns added pattern as in the state urban. As a general and towns declassified in 198} census. Only one phenoment the sex.-ratio in urban area tcnd town i. e. Morar cantt. has been added in the to below than the. rural population. district, however, no town was declassified in the district in 1981 census. 26
Table no. 10 below shows the per capita receipt and expenditure in towns. TABLE 10
Per capita receipt and expenditure in towns -----_ ------.------Class, Name and civic Per capita status of the town ~------~-~------~ Receipt Expenditure
~ ____ A _____-.... ______---- _ ..A.. - ______~
T()tal Receipt Receipt Total General Expendi lure Public Expen- Other through from all expen. adminis- on public works ditUTe asp;:;:ts taxes other diture tration health and on public sources conve1lience instiru- tions ------.-----~------2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 ------"--- IV Bhander (M) 30.1.3 8.46 21.67 21.97 10.10 10.13 0.04 0.03 1.67 III Dabra (M) 64.80 51.48 13.32 65.35 10.03 18.62 24.39 12.31 I GwaHor (M. Corp. ) 37.90 32.50 5.40 32.26 7.22 11.09 8.88 5.07 IV Morar Cantt (C. B.) 41.25 1.12 40.13 41.97 13.16 23.43 4.06 0.03 ].29 V Pichhore (M) 19.22 8.99 10.23 19.35 2.29 6.97 0.03 0.03 10.03 ------.....___------_._--..------_. Total 39.08 31.88 7.20 33.97 7.54 t t .78 9.30 Negligible 5.35
------_------~------
A Clo!le perusal of tile table WO\1ld show that There appears to be substantial expenditure on barring Dabra, Bhander and Gwalior the ex public health and convenience. Dabra town, shows penditure is well within the total receipts of the higher amount of expenditure on public works. civic body. In Morar and Pichhore towns, how ever the margin is very low. In Gwalior Corpo Inset table 11 shows the number of scbools ration there is a gap of 5.64 over total expenditure. per ten thousand population. TABLE 11
Schools per ten thousand population in towns
Class. Name and civic No. per ten thousand population status of town ~-__.- ____-_----- ..A.. _____ --______- __ --') Higher Secondary/ Junior Primary Secondary/ Matriculation Secondary! Inter /PUCt Middle Junior College ------~------._--_---- 1 2 3 4 . 5 ------_ ------_._---_._ ------_- IV Bhander (M) 1. 59 (2) 2.39 (2) 3.99 (4) III Dabra (M) 1.20 (1) 2.99 (3) 3.29 (3) I Gwalior (M.Corp.) 0.87 (1) 2.60 (3) 5.68 (6) IV Morar Cantt (C. B.) 2.97 ( 3) 0.59 (1) 1.19 ( 1 ) V Pichhore (M) 1.32 ( I) 2.64 (3 ) 5.27 (5) ------TOTAL 0.97 (1) 2,56 (3) 5.38 (5) --..__ ...... --_.-...------_---_------_-- - __ ._----- 27
Educational facilitais appear to be very scanty has 3 middle and six primary schools for every ten in all the towns of the district. Morar cantt. has thousand population. Pichhore has 3 middle 3 higher secondary schools per ten thousand and 5 primary schools. Bhand er town has 2 population whereas 'Bhander town has two. middle and 4 primary schools. Dabra has 3 Rest ofth;) towns have only, I higher secondary middle and primary s~hools each. \ school each. Position is reversed in respect of Table No. 12 below show the number of beds middle and primary, school. Morar Cantt. has~only in meTA1JLE12
No. of Beds in Medical Institutions in Towns
-- ______-.1. ____ - ______------.... ---- - ___
Class, Name and No. of beds in civil: status of medical institlltioni the towns per 1,000 population ------_._-----'--:"------2 ------.------IV Bhander (M) 1. 59 (2) ( 2) III Dabra (M) 0.90 (1) ( 1 ) I GwaIior (:M. Corp. ) 2.74 (3) (3) IV Morar Cantt (Cantt) 1.78 (2) (2) V Plchhore (M) ------_------_. ------TOTAL 2.56 (3) (3)
------~_.------
Gwa]ior t0wn shows highest numbir of heds in fnformation regarding slums in respect of class medical institutions per 1,200 popUlation while 1 & II towns has b.::en collected in 1981 Census. Morar cantt, and Bhander has 2 beds each. Dabra Gwalior is the only class I town in the disttict. Inset has only one bed per 1,000 population. Gwalior table No. 13 below shows the Proportion of Slum is district and divisional headqurters and has a medi population in towns. cal college and otller medical institutions.
TABLE 13
Proportion of Slum Population in Towns ------_------_---_._----- S1. Class, name and civic Proportion of the slums popUlation Density in slums No. status of the town to tolal population of the town (per sq. km.)
234 ------_.. _------... _------
I Gwalior (M.corp) 11. 09 29,:l92 ---_------Total 11.09 62,292 -_..------,------_...__------.-- 28
11.09 per cent urban population of the Tsble No. 14 showns the most important Owa1ior city live in slums -and tbe density in commodity maunfactured, imported and experted slum areas is 62,292. in the towns.
TABLI14 Most important commodity manufacturt'd, imported and exported io toWDS. ------, ------"..-_------Class, n!lme and Most important commodity civic status of ~ _____ ,__ __ ---A-_--.---=----~ the towns Maunfactured Exported Imported ------...---- IV Bhander (M) Carpet Ch.illi Gur III Dabra (M) Sugar Sugar C()tton I Gwalior (M.Corp.) Clothes Clothes Medicine IV Morar Cantt (Cantt) Leather goods Leather Medicine V Pichhore (M) Biankets Blankets Kerosene ------.------~ ~ 'l: ; I ~.. i : -~ <0 • + Q T ' . 1 >' " 0... 0 0 8 N '"~ ..J ~ z" '" ...... ® ·U ... il: ..'" 0 '" " ti .,~ ~ VJ 0 0 " " ::J: ~ ~ ... u ~ '" " E <5 II:"' (J 8 0'" "il: 0 .. 0 J: ~ z z ~ .. '" w 0 0 Q in W 0 '" < VI ... ' iii 0 .... ~ ..... a: .. :J: N 0 " :li '" ;:[: 0 ::; 0 ... 0 in ~ ~ ...... ~ '" z U II: ~ '" z '" Z Z '" ~ ... ~ "1 Q i'! ~ a: ,: a 0 g ... :r :r 0 i= 0 ... :' _; iii ...... 0 ~ O! 2 0 ~ (l) i ~ ., " ~ 0z 0 .,.. w ~ · :r" 0 ...'" Q. if, ...... a " 0 x '" -' <5 I< ,; ~ :r .. I- ~ >- z 111 II: "~ ~ ~ il: '"~ z ., z ~ ,: " l- i f ~ ,:- fil ! " :J: ::; '"u ..'" .. l- II: 0 :r ",. ;;. ~ § ,.. a '" ::: iii "f ~ · z E ~ -'· I- .. z .. 0 0 '" ; ~ , g" X z ... t; '" - a: z . '" '"I "0 " II: '" u ... "Z ~ ~ j " ~ z z :;; :::; :z: V> ~ -<,. a ~ 8 Z II:'" ~ ~ z « ~ '" " !2 0 li: " :z: ;;; '" z " 0: · II: I- 0 % % :E '" ... " " ~ " " '" :r :r :E " c., " _------
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MADHYA PRADESH "t TAHSIL BHANDER ~Q 16· 0 ~ 00' .,'" 26· ,0 DISTRICT GWALIOR 00' r·,. (SENT~~') w i \MILES "K.'~ _,.,'" . 9~~~i2 I 0 2 -==-: 6 ~iiiiiilI KILOMETRES ;:' f.... o· ~ ,$
21' 55' 25' 'I POSITION OF TAHSIL BHANDER IN 5' a DISTRICT GWALIOR 24 0 2 ~ MILES &....-.L..-.I I""'T'"T-"1 ~ I 24 0 ... KILOMEtRES
/ REFERENCE
BOUNDARY, STATE. 45' » DISTRICT. -._._._ 1 VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMBER '--"45--L ___ ~ __ j HEADQUARTERS: TAHSIL @ VILLAGES WITH POPULATION SIZE: BELOW 200, o •• , V) 200-499, 500-999,1000-4999 ...... UNINHABITED ViLLAGES ... .
URBAN AREA WITH LOCATION CODE .
STATE HIGHWAY~ . : ., ...... , .•. •. , . ... •'. , IHll UNMETALLE 0 ROAD . , .. ::::: ::::=:== RIVER AND5TREAM" .... """" ""'~ POST OFFICE /POST AND TELEGRAPH OFFICE .... ". PO/Pl0 POLICE STATION .... . , ...... , .•• ... ' HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL .. , ... . PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE, DISPENSARY . . . , NO TE:-VILLAGE L. C NUM8ERS 124 AND. 126 2~ ARE NOT SHOWN IN THIS MAP. MARKET/HAT, MANDIES ... ,. 35'
78° 35' 45' L~L ______-----S5' 79° 10' ~------'---~------~------~©~C~~:OV:t~O~f:IN:DI~A:CO:P:YR:I G:HT~. I:08:4~. ------=-==-======
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SECTION I - VILLAGE DIRECTORY
3J,
!!toT IfiIlT2~l~ ","l iii) ~;!f)
'lIilI fT1f~';n1I ~)l:f.~iR 'lIilI UTII ~ ;n1I ~ ~~;ra:cR ~ ~"1fI r--..A---~ r----"--~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 1 2 3 4 2 3 4
3/1 fiR 8~
32 ;i.e 67 67
1 3l"~t 'Il~'l't 118 109 33 ~l{'l't 303 238 2 ar~~ Ii~~n 248 183 3 il~'l'T "Ifill-< 177 145 34 li'l:'l ~~ 268 203 4 arl(,qiJ 13 13 3S fli(fU 1 5 ~'l:'f<;fi 3G5 240 35 ~~rqT<'ft 73 73 271 6 armr 336 37 ~~T 309 244 7 Ji<;ft;:rm; 180 H8 38 ~~) 310 245 au 39 .f~t ~m~ 103 101 S minT: 5 5 40 liro" ~~~ IJIiq~~:m: mql IfiT 'J~)
$I'( IIIi1I IIT~ ilit 'fTl'I ~RTq iiiT6' ;:rHI~ VT~ iIi1 iff1J ~ iliTs ifHI'"( ~w r---.A.---"",\ ~ r---.A._--., 1971 1981 1971 1981 1 2 3 4 2 3 4
3/1 flTC( R~
65 :q;:~~T 234 169 99 ~mr ~7 57 (>6 :qq~T.ft 326 261 100 60filiT 14 14 67 ~T~Sflr 7 7 101 6'9R ~lJ<:J; 279 214 132 iflfTlTf'f 90 90 33
~;filrm~ ~T;ftlr 'till! ;;RR .--.A.--"",",\ .--.A--~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------1 2 3 4 2 3 4
133 1 35 ;;T<:T!f1lf"!"1.: 327 262 169 158 O{~~flTtcr to 60 195 ~q~r 145 129 159 O{~lll'f 198 163 196 'Il qaT ~qT~m VlQl iii) fJ:q)
lrTlJ !fiT !fill trJli '!;r ifPI ro;J'hr ~ if1'iA '!Ifill i1T11 ~ 1{it~ ;r"if~ ~W ,---.A..----., ~ ,----..»..----.. 1971 1981 1971 1981 - 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 3/1 faR a~~
203 ligarr 1i9r 18 18 240 ~Wr fwt.: 341 276 204 ~210 fif;ft ( fif"fT) 87 87 244 ~~ 296 231 211 flt(:ff!l'iiT) 1~3 124 245 ~i1farl 46 46 290 225 212 "!.lii(tfH,!~ 246 ~~~ 62 62 213 l!~·u 271 206 247 ~~T 4 4 120 111 214 ~~ 248 ~~~l:T 252 187 215 it~l"'T 293 228 249 ~~a-r~r 17 17 256 191 216 ~tfT~r 250 ~ 167 135 200 165 217 if)ai1,:!~ 'ft.:r;f 251 ~t6"~ 301 242 23 23 2Ig if~'fT 252 ~r;:~T 114 J32 253 fiJ~~ 285 220 199 219 ~':TiI"r~ 264 254 futlmi(lif')' 19 19 350 285 2;10 <;r<1'fT 255 f~lfi<:Tfl 195 160 236 ~lil~t(ff ~~ 176 144 271 ~rr~~T rniT 247 182 3) 1 24S 237 ;:r:s:" 31t~"{T 295 230 272 ll"'U?: 319 254 ~3~ ;r~lf<{lT~ 237 172 273 ~Ti{m
~3<) Ojl d'11"J 337 27'!. 274 ~llt$1T 339 274 35
!!lui ""1'2~11: Vl'fl IfiT ~.T
IPJ lIN iii' ;JT1I ~;ihr.mr If;~ ~ lIJlI iii' ;JT1I f'{ffiQ' 'I\'l'~ ;r;n ~iIIt r---.A.----. ~ r---.A-~ 1971 USI 1971 1981 1 2 --3 4 2 3 .. 3/1 flfi C'I'~p:ft;q
275 ,ii~l~t 153 1&& 2&4 ~il'i{'t 270 20S 276 ~~<'IT 10 10 277 ~tro 1 31 122 285 ~n:;;r;rru 342 277 278 ~~ 254 189 286 ~fW' 343 278 279 ~~T 235 170 287 ~oft1U 187 152 280 ~~, 49 49 288 ~~;r~ 288 223 211 ~I!i1:T 50 50 289 f~lJ1l'r (~lff~U) 246 181 282 mm 192 157 290 ~T~T 197 162 283 v);;r"" III 102 291 95 95 ~If'"
8f!Iid (.ria<:T) 206 207 19 ~q'1l1 277 278 2 n3 ~tr~ 252 253 4 wi'-a !fQ 214 215 20 it~T 296 297 5 1If1l1:!lf 6 6 21 it<:llf' 22 22 6 ~R; 11 II 7 ~. 268 269 s ~"ir 253 254 22 ~1Ii<:m 46 46 "'f 23 lfi'iitIlH 23 23 24 212 213 9 .n~<:'t 16 16 Ifii.' 25 ~~ 236 237 10 arTi{lI,!"<: 130 131 26 ~<:f~T 81 82 27 1Jl:~ 274 275 1 1 ~~'lJ 82 83 28 llif~trr~el 175 176 12 ~iP{\T 307 308 29 ~<:h:r 77 78 13 ~ilillfr 288 289 30 lMllT'lT 260 261 14 .:wn=r 223 224 31 f~u 313 314 147 14S 15 ~~ 122 123 32 ~mt 33 f~<:hr 314 31S 34 fifi~~'t SS H &6 87 16 til 3S ~~~ 48 411 17 fvn 80 81 36 fiR)t;ft '182 183 37 iIi~ 18 18 18 :a"ifY 34 34 38 ~qT<: 121 122 36
_" ..q12~f( ~ql ~, ~.,
~ "'I' llir ifI"I' m;JTIf l!ili' ~ ~ mJ[ 'til 'fn:I ~ m;fAR ~ ,---A--~ ~ r----A--~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 1 2 3 4 . 2 3 4
3/ fCf~,{ Ef~
39 ~i[~ til 112 74 lJ:m~ 294 295 40 ¥~~T 319 321 75 l!,~l~r 318(Gf) 320 41 ~on 152 153 76 lJ:~(~'~) 190 191 42 ~·i5YG: 106 107 77 l!.~~r 3 3 43 'liq't 66 67 78 ii'~:T<'I" "'<'1"' 244 245 44 ~'l"1G:t 326 328 79 l[~1<'f ~ilrd 29'5 296 106 mlflli 200 201 37
CfollJliqT~T,{ wrql !fit ~)
Iti'l' vrq !fiT iITl{ ~3/2 fq~", a~Q'~
138 «~"r C:T!fiT 38 38 139 <:r;rr 75 76 107 i;f~~ 299 300 140 <:r<'nr~ 74 75 108 :or~ 101 102 J09 ~r 85 86 a 110 ~r 184 185
111 'SffiT~T 308 309 141 ~ 266 267 !{l{;rfl 112 ~~~ 249 250 142 293 294 113 :;n:m 306 307 143 am 267 268 114 ,nrcr;:rT 179 180 f44 m'li~ flin:1:[T 150 151 145 f!:fU<:T (fait~r) 186 181 115 ~149 ij':;n:~~ 128 12'J ]20 m'ii"U 31 31 150 ij'lfTvrcr 42 42 121 ma; 164 165 151 ij'lfT~tq 148 149 122 ~)i;f"t 185 186 152 ~.rr 322 324 153 f q 93 94 129 1I{q{ ~T~~t~ 'l1~1 ~t ~"l1
IPl IJrlt 'fiT 1IT1f ~,"II' Q ;;Rr'l: !fiIt gJll iIiT ;wr {IqI';ft'lI' iiiA' ;:rRRi Po r~..A..~ mr _---A._--\ 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------_---- 1 2 3 4 2 3 4
3/2 ""q~ CI~U)\;r 327 172 ~~T 325 208 20 20 178 Q{<:T 2U 'l{l]-~ " 297 298 57 57 179 ~T!imll' 219 ~~~ 51 51 248 249 180 ~~ 1!!~ 220 'l<:"hfr 272 273 30 30 181 II'~'U .mr 221 'l{'\'-I'U 248 59 60 182 crj'U '!;,"!,tT 257 222 "fil'll'iJ 170 171 183 I(t~T 'I'm, 24 24 223 "'{!iT 13 13 16!! 169 184 cr~{r 224 f\R:T\T 331 333 33 33 185 iR'ifT1: 225 f"iHifT\ 151 152 186 crf.!1fmT1: 131 132 226 'l{T1J\T 9~ 99 187 ilmcrt 256 257 227 "{l{'H~ 36 36, 188 ~arT (orUifT) 180 181 228 ~r 6'5 66 189 i(1:ToT 232 233 229 ~~t<:T 176 177 190 i({'hn 145 146 230 'lit-u 28 28 191 i(ij"t 162 163 192 i(ij"Tet 103 104 193 ar~I1:~~ 315 316 194 ~T 278 279 211 ~ 5 S 195 il"tl{~ 158 159 232 ~ 262 263 196 ilT~T 90 91 233 ~ro 235 236 197 il"Ti!~? 329 331 234 lI''i'lrorr 156 198 ilTIHf<;r 154 155 157 235 lI'!i1J~'U 134 199 ;;rTIll{ J ] 4 115 135 115 116 200 ifT1:f<:r 225 226 236 ~~~ 237 141 142 201 crHTl?T IS 5 156 lI'~~ 238 282 283 202 far.r~ 177 178 ~~~ 203 f~~ 79 80 229 1l~<::'J1: (Cfur t;fiqT~ffT~ Q'T'iT iii) 'IiiT
l!i'f vrq'IiT iWf ~;fil:f 'tin i'!~ lIIil:r !rrl{ 'tiT i'!Tl! ~'fT;filT iilg i'!'iR: • "1fT r----"------, ~~ ----"---~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 -,------_-_.- 2 3 4 2 3 4
3/2 fq-~R: (t~,,~
244 l!Tfif~<: 10 10, 280 f;;rClm 330 332 142 143 245 ;rn:~ 281 m~T 203 204 110 111 246 l!T~ (fiT.oT) 282 ,,!~T 160 161 188 189 247 flfOf!:T'l 283 m~) 113 114 l!~~,{T 97 98 243 284 ~~ 231 232 249 '{oU 94 95 250 i!~ 44 44 251 i!~ 311 312 252 ~lfT 72 73 285 fcrdc: 257 258 253 llT&iflT~ 116 117 254 ~
