Environmental Efforts for Social Infrastructure Improvement in the Chubu Region

Chubu Regional Bureau

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Chubu Regional Bureau, Planning Department, Planning Division 2-5-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya-shi 460-8514 TEL 052-953-8127 http://www.cbr.mlit.go.jp/

Printed on 100% recycled paper with soy inks. 6 （rooftop gardening）（wind tower）（Sasa veitchii f. minor） Timber used for interiors Environmental consideration Harnessing natural energies Interior using eco-materials Composite wood members Solar chimney Exterior wall using bamboo green Prolonging useful life of building framework cient heat insulation Suffi High-performance glass ciency of major equipment ciency ciency lighting Sprinkling stored rainwater Natural ventilation Improving effi High-effi orts Social for Infrastructure Region in Improvement the Chubu materials Photovoltaic Use of rainwater power generation External wooden panels Interior using eco- Reuse of drainage water Timber used for exteriors Bamboo cage-like structure of lighting Fine control Rooftop gardening Environmental Eff Environmental Bundled columns made of log from forest thinning Blocking sunlight Blocking direct by deciduous trees sunlight by eaves Water-permeable paving old Evapotranspiratio Permeationl Permeationl Permeationl Rainfall Timber used for structure Columns used to set up a scaff Surface course Roadbed Base course Filter layer Improving heat-insulation performance Blocking sunlight by deciduous trees Water-permeable paving Rooftop greened with indigenous plants Promoting the use of timber and environmental protection efforts government orts to create a was employed, to FHEXLOGLQJV “green” together. Moreover, the ective use of composite Building and Repairs Project “Solar “Solar Chimney” （Larix leptolepis） enhance natural ventilation by letting outer air in. wind tower Promoting the use of timber By promoting the use of timber, the Chubu Regional Development Bureau works on appropriate forest development and conservation, as part of its eff recycling-oriented society. Example of Japan Pavilion Aichi Japan in EXPO 2005 The EXPO 2005 AICHI JAPAN was an international exposition held in Japan from March 25 to September 25 in 2005. The Japan Pavilion was planned as an experimental pavilion that incorporated Japanese tradition and new technologies on the theme of a new prosperity in which people and nature coexist in harmony. To construct the pavilion, four bundled columns were made of nine small-diameter logs from forest thinning. These four columns were then combined to create a pillar that could sustain a large-space structure. The pavilion also made eff wood members created by binding timber from forest thinning with an adhesive agent. Among other features were rooftop gardening that used coconut-shell mats on which indigenous grass was planted, and the exterior panels made by laminating plates of Japanese larch Development of eco-friendly JRYHUQPHQWRI¿ We strive to develop office buildings, in order to promote environmental eld protection measures in the fi of construction, giving consideration to the reduction of environmental impacts throughout the building lifecycle, from building planning, construction and operation to disposal. Environmental consideration （August 2005）（November 2004）（August 2010） Louvered lighting system designed not to disorient baby turtles Immediately after the start of biotope creation About one year after the start of biotope creation Current biotope state Ordinary lighting system Measures using louvered lighting Since a road under construction faces the zone where loggerhead sea turtles lay eggs, the hatched baby turtles may become unable to locate and crawl back to the sea, due nearby road lighting. To prevent such effects, we have taken light-shielding measures, including the use of louvered lighting. egg-laying Road shoulder animals live and grow. To restore the altered d fl ora have settled in the region, facilitating the d fl ithin interchanges. These biotopes are created by replanting rootstocks of felled trees. ect turtles’ Takayama-nishi I.C m 2 Vegetation 7 2 C , h

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e orts Social for Infrastructure Region in Improvement the Chubu n m n 9 . To prevent this problem, Road Project o 6 T ,0 rio :1 u th K ng Le Maehara elevated bridge Length:290m Nature restoration Environmental Eff Environmental (IIRUWVIRFXVLQJRQVSHFL¿FVSHFLHV To Takayama I.C environment to its original state, biotopes have been created w With the passage of the years, a variety of indigenous fauna an restoration of the natural environment to its original state. Restoring the natural environment to its original state Biotope creation Biotope creation Road construction has changed the environment where plants and using forest topsoil generated during construction work and by Measures to prevent vehicle headlight glare from affecting the egg-laying behavior of loggerhead sea turtles Moving illumination emitted from vehicle headlights and the like affects the egg- laying behavior of loggerhead sea turtles measures have been taken by such means as installing light-shielding plates. （Caretta caretta） 5 Toward the Realization of a Sustainable Society Harmonized with the Environment Third Basic Environment Plan Strategies toward sustainable Directions for future environmental policy development development of the Chubu area Integrated improvements of the environment, The Chubu Region of Japan retains abundant natural environments and ecosystems, encompassing mountains, economy and society, and formation of sustainable Creating an area that can pass on rich and diverse national land and nature ▶▶ natural environments to future generations including Mt. Fuji and the Japan Alps, rivers ﬂ owing from these mountains, and plains formed by the courses of the rivers. from an environmental viewpoint, etc. Plan by category Entering an era in which global and local environments are inseparably related, Promoting global warming prevention Third National Biodiversity Strategyof Japan and creating a recycling-oriented area in quest of sustainable development of the Chubu area, the Chubu Regional Development Bureau continues to work toward Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement Plan Fundamental Plan for Establishing a Sound Material-Cycle Society the realization of a sustainable society harmonized with the environment, through social infrastructure improvement.

River Project

Nature Restoration What is the Meiji River COLUMN Improvement Project Creation of diverse waterfront In 1887, a project for improvement of the Kiso River environments with Kereppu spur dikes downstream area was launched under the guidance of Johannes de Rijke, a Dutch engineer, to An institute that conducts research to realize The Kereppu spur dikes, made of brushwood, soil and stones, were constructed appropriately separate the Kiso-Sansen（lit. the Kiso harmonious coexistence between people and during the Meiji River Improvement Project（1887‒1912）. The purposes of the Three Rivers, i.e., the Kiso River, Nagara River and Ibi River）, which used to fl ow in a meshed pattern the natural environments of rivers and lakes construction were to prevent riverbed scouring by moderating water flows so around estuaries, into three rivers, as they are in ＊Purpose as to promote deposition of sediments, and thereby ensure the safety of levee their present form. The Meiji River Improvement The Aqua Restoration revetments, and maintain the width and depth of low-flow channels.（The Kiso Research Center（ARRC） Project was completed in March 1912. aims to conduct fundamental River Kereppu spur dikes zone was designated as a Civil Engineering Heritage by and applied research to the Japan Society of Civil Engineers in fi scal 2000.） Johannes de Rijke conserve and restore the More than 100 years after the dikes’ completion, now a variety of aquatic and natural environments of rivers, lakes and the like, and to wetland plant communities have been formed in diverse riverbank environments, disseminate such research playing an important role as egg-laying sites or harboring places for aquatic results widely. animals. ＊Experimental streams and ponds The ARRC has three Wando environment located around 19.8 km upstream on the right bank of the Kiso River experimental streams of 800 m in length, and six experimental ponds. Using these streams and ponds, the ARRC conducts research into the interaction between organisms and river environments. The shapes of experimental streams can be changed, and the flow rates can be also controlled to simulate artifi cial fl oods. ＊Open for the public to visit and tour the ARRC The ARRC has opened its experimental streams for the public to tour and visit. By making advance reservations, visitors can participate in a one-to-two-hour tour guided by dedicated staff members, who outline the research done by ARRC and give explanation of the experimental streams. ＊Environmental education programs As a public research facility, the ARRC also provides environmental education programs to give participants a better understanding of the river environment.

For more information, visit the following website of the ARRC. Kiso River in Showa 20s（1935‒1944）（around 24.0 km upstream on the right bank） This photo is a reproduction of the Aerial photograph taken by US Army with its approval http://www.pwri.go.jp/team/kyousei/jpn/index.htm under the article 29 of The Survey Act.（Approval Number BU-FUKU No.68 2010 Kiso River（around 24.0 km upstream on the right bank） Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

1 Environmental Eff orts for Social Infrastructure Improvement in the Chubu Region Environmental Eff orts for Social Infrastructure Improvement in the Chubu Region 2 Environmental Consideration ●Seiryu-maru, dredger with oil recovery system Ports Project Marine environmental preservation

With the purpose of marine pollution control, two Nature restoration Sea Blue Project Nishio area Gamagori area Yahagi River mouth area vessels called“Seiryu-maru” and“Hakuryu” are Ajiasawa area Otsuka area The Sea Blue Project（Sea Area Environmental Creation Project） is intended to improve the Isshiki area Yosida area in service. The Seiryu-maru is a dredger that can sea area environment, by making use of dredged sand or by other means. During the period Mito area recover a large amount of oil spilt into the sea due Sako area Katahara area to shipping accidents or other reasons. The Hakuryu from 1998 to 2004, a large amount of dredged sand was produced from the Nakayama Chigara area ●Principal particulars ●Oil recovery function Koromozaki area Overall length: 104.00 m, Width: 17.40 m, Depth: 7.50 m, Draft:Oil recovery 5.60 m, pump: 250 m3/h × 4 units Channel line improvement（shipping channel dredging） project. Conventionally, such dredged Mihama area Miya area is a vessel with functions to collect waste fl oating in Nishihazu area Nishiura area Gross tonnage: 4,792 tons, Trial speed（max.） : 13.5 knots（approx. 25 km/hr） Off Himakajima area Recovered oil tank: 1,500 ㎥ sand was used for land reclamation. However, since the early planning stages, the Sea Toyooka area Kira area Higashihazu area Ise Bay and Mikawa Bay, and to treat oil spills. Blue Project sought for ways to make eff ective use of the sand dredged from the Nakayama Oi area Tahara area Channel line, for environmental improvement of the sea area. Consequently, the Japanese Katana area Sakushima Island area Himakajima Island area ●Hakuryu, ocean environment survey vessel government and the Aichi Prefectural government（Department of Construction and Morozaki area Shinojima Island area Departments of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries） worked together to utilize the dredged Fukue area Nakayama Channel line sand to improve the seabed qualities and fi shing grounds in the Mikawa Bay. Specifi cally, the dredged sand was used to develop tidal fl ats and shallow water areas and to cover up organic sludge in 39 locations（approximately 620 ha.） in the Mikawa Bay.

Sea Blue Project locations

●Example of eﬀ ects from tidal ﬂ at development: Biotic change（Nishiura area） 30 ■Others ■Mollusca（Bivalvia） Steady increase 25 in varieties of species ●Principal particulars ●Waste collection function ●Oil recovery function ■Annelida Overall Length: 33.5 m, Full width: 11.6 m, Monohull width: 4.0 m,Skipper: 6 ㎥（Width: 2.7 m）, Container capacity: 25 ㎥ Recovery pump: 12 ㎥/h, Oil recovery tank: 20 ㎥（Sandworm） Depth: 4.2 m, Draft: 2.5 m, Gross tonnage: 198 GT, Vessel: Steel, 20 Oil separation tank: 2.5 ㎥ Number of species ■Arthropoda（Shrimps and crabs） twin-hulled ship, Speed: 15.1 kt, Main engine: 1,320 kW × 2 units

15 at 10

5 Tidal ﬂ

0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Survey was conducted in November of each year. Park Project ● Catch of Manila clam Aichi Prefecture accounts for about a half of the total catch of Manila

clam in Japan, and the Prefecture’s catch is on the increase every year. ） 350 ■Aichi Prefecture ■Others 300 277 Efforts in the Kiso Sansen Protection of rare species Control of alien species hundred tons 250 242 244

（ 223 223 National Government Park Project 199 Protecting species whose populationsControlling invasive alien species 200 192 and habitats have dwindled The Kiso Sansen National Government Park, stretching over the ＊Lance-leaved coreopsis（Coreopsis 150 136 ＊Naked threespines stickleback（Gasterosteus lanceolata）〈Invasive Alien Species〉 118 116 three prefectures of Aichi, Gifu and Mie, was opened covering 107 microcephalus）〈Endangered species. A freshwater In rivers where Lance-leaved coreopsis 100 84 an area of 4.2 ha in 1987, marking the 100th anniversary of the （Coreopsis lanceolata） have multiplied,

Catch of Manila clam fi sh living in slow-moving rivers with clean water. activities to remove the plant is underway with 50 Kiso-Sansen（lit. Kiso Three Rivers） improvement project. As of Its habitats include the Kiso three rivers.〉 Kiso River Water Park has a Fureai Pond that the participation of citizens, to protect Chinese July 2010, the Park encompasses 11 locations with a total area 0 contains shallow waters, providing an ideal habitat cinquefoil（Potentilla chinensis Ser.）, which 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 of about 246 ha, attracting more than 9 million people annually. for naked threespines sticklebacks and other is an endangered species, and other native Sea Blue Project completed in Source:FY 2004 Statistics of Fishery and Fish Culture Tidal fl at developed in Nishiura area Kiso-Sansen refers to the Kiso, Nagara and Ibi Rivers, and these freshwater species. In fiscal 2001, 80 naked plants living in dry riverbeds. threespines three rivers flow into Ise Bay. The respective districts along sticklebacks the rivers off er their distinctive river environments blessed with were released into the pond, abundant biodiversity. where they rapidly multiplied, Research study ●Observation items reaching a Inner part Nakayama number of about Item of bay Bay center Bay mouthChannel line Protection of rare species Control of alien species 800 in February Kasada Park 2010. Ise Bay Environmental Monitoring System Temperature［℃］ ○ ○ ○ Kakamigahara Water Eco Park Outdoor Field Inner part of bay （Kiso River Water Park） Water temperature［℃］○ ○ ○ ○ In recent years, Ise Bay and Mikawa Bay have suff ered massive death tolls among Naked threespines stickleback Citizens’ activities to remove alien plant species（conducted on May 29, 2010） Manila clam and other biological resources, due to oxygen defi ciency in the bottom Wind direction［ °］,wind○ velocity［m/s］○ ○ ○ 138 Tower water. Oxygen defi ciency has become a great risk for marine life. Tide level［m］ ○ ○ Park Bay center To improve the sea area environment in the Ise Bay, the Chubu Regional Nakayama Channel line Sanpasen Region Wave height［m］ ○ ○ ○ Environmental education Development Bureau set up monitoring posts, enabling around-the-clock observation Environmental education Vegetation and environmental preservation Flow direction［° ］,fl ow velocity［m/s］○ ○ ○ Vegetation and environmental preservation of water temperature, salt content, dissolved oxygen concentration and other Bay mouth Salinity concentration［PSU］○ ○ ○ ○ Promoting environmental awarenessActivities to preserve and water quality characteristics. The Bureau also operates the Ise Bay Environmental （organizing environmental restore natural environments Monitoring System capable of real-time collection of observation results, which is DO（mg/l） ○ ○ ○ ○ education programs and nature- though citizen participation open to the public. Chlorophyll-a［mg/l］ ○ ○ ○ Central Suigo Region experience events ＊Creation of a forest that serves as a habitat Turbidity［FTU］ ○ ○ ○ ） Since 1998, the Kiso-Sansen Park has for insects and birds Aqua World Suigo Park Center / In the Mokumoku Paradise, members of a civic Monitoring points Oe Greenway（tentative title） provided environmental education programs and materials for schools and citizens. In volunteer group“Moku-Para Club” work to 2004, the Park started to organize events manage a thicket, create a habitat for beetles in enabling participants to enjoy communion and an environment that can attract kingfi shers, directly with nature. and hold nature observation meetings.

Facility（in service） Facility（not in service） Comprehensive region management facility

Estuary Region Park area

Nature event Creation of environment that can attract kingﬁ shers Observation equipment（in the inner part of the bay） Observation equipment（in the bay center） Observation equipment（in the bay mouth） Kiso-Sansen basin areas and national park locations

3 Environmental Eff orts for Social Infrastructure Improvement in the Chubu Region Environmental Eff orts for Social Infrastructure Improvement in the Chubu Region 4