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Understanding Afghanistan
Understanding Afghanistan: The Importance of Tribal Culture and Structure in Security and Governance By Shahmahmood Miakhel US Institute of Peace, Chief of Party in Afghanistan Updated November 20091 “Over the centuries, trying to understand the Afghans and their country was turned into a fine art and a game of power politics by the Persians, the Mongols, the British, the Soviets and most recently the Pakistanis. But no outsider has ever conquered them or claimed their soul.”2 “Playing chess by telegraph may succeed, but making war and planning a campaign on the Helmand from the cool shades of breezy Shimla (in India) is an experiment which will not, I hope, be repeated”.3 Synopsis: Afghanistan is widely considered ungovernable. But it was peaceful and thriving during the reign of King Zahir Shah (1933-1973). And while never held under the sway of a strong central government, the culture has developed well-established codes of conduct. Shuras (councils) and Jirgas (meeting of elders) appointed through the consensus of the populace are formed to resolve conflicts. Key to success in Afghanistan is understanding the Afghan mindset. That means understanding their culture and engaging the Afghans with respect to the system of governance that has worked for them in the past. A successful outcome in Afghanistan requires balancing tribal, religious and government structures. This paper outlines 1) the traditional cultural terminology and philosophy for codes of conduct, 2) gives examples of the complex district structure, 3) explains the role of councils, Jirgas and religious leaders in governing and 4) provides a critical overview of the current central governmental structure. -
DEWS-WER-10-2012.Pdf (English)
March 12, 2012 DISEASES EARLY WARNING SYSTEM WER-10 (6th Yr) DEWS WEEKLY EPIDEMIOLOGICAL REPORT EPREPORT SUMMARY: rd th This report includes surveillance data from 3 to 9 March 2012. Out of 290 functional Sentinel sites(SS), 289 (99.6%) have sent their reports in Week-10 of 2012; Out of total 263,908 events recorded in week-10 of 2012, 85,818 (32.5%) consultations were reported due to DEWS target diseases. Main causes of consultations this week are Acute Respiratory Infections/ARI (26.9%) and Acute Diarrheal Diseases/ADD (4.7%) from total clients in a continuing trend from the week before. 73 deaths caused due to Pneumonia, Diarrheal diseases and Meningitis/Severely ill children, so that 59 deaths due to pneumonia, 2 deaths due to diarrheal diseases and 12 deaths reported due to Meningitis and Severely Ill Children. In this reporting week, five Measles outbreaks reported and investigated in Khost, Daikundi, Zabul, Kunar provinces. One mumps Outbreaks in Laghman province and One Pertussis outbreak reported and investigated in Hirat province. REPORTS RECEIVED FROM REPORTING SITES: As of March 9, 2012, 290 sentinel sites were functioning in eight epidemiological regions, in 34 provinces of Afghanistan . In this reporting week, all 289 sentinel sites have sent their reports on new cases of DEWS target diseases , recorded during the reporting. Out of all events recorded in DEWS sentinel sites, 15 target diseases (priority diseases) are included in DEWS weekly epidemiological reports. Table-1: Status of Reports Received from DEWS Regions during Epidemiological week-10, 2012 Central East Central West North North East West South East South East Total No. -
Making Sense of Daesh in Afghanistan: a Social Movement Perspective
\ WORKING PAPER 6\ 2017 Making sense of Daesh in Afghanistan: A social movement perspective Katja Mielke \ BICC Nick Miszak \ TLO Joint publication by \ WORKING PAPER 6 \ 2017 MAKING SENSE OF DAESH IN AFGHANISTAN: A SOCIAL MOVEMENT PERSPECTIVE \ K. MIELKE & N. MISZAK SUMMARY So-called Islamic State (IS or Daesh) in Iraq and Syria is widely interpreted as a terrorist phenomenon. The proclamation in late January 2015 of a Wilayat Kho- rasan, which includes Afghanistan and Pakistan, as an IS branch is commonly interpreted as a manifestation of Daesh's global ambition to erect an Islamic caliphate. Its expansion implies hierarchical order, command structures and financial flows as well as a transnational mobility of fighters, arms and recruits between Syria and Iraq, on the one hand, and Afghanistan–Pakistan, on the other. In this Working Paper, we take a (new) social movement perspective to investigate the processes and underlying dynamics of Daesh’s emergence in different parts of the country. By employing social movement concepts, such as opportunity structures, coalition-building, resource mobilization and framing, we disentangle the different types of resource mobilization and long-term conflicts that have merged into the phenomenon of Daesh in Afghanistan. In dialogue with other approaches to terrorism studies as well as peace, civil war and security studies, our analysis focuses on relations and interactions among various actors in the Afghan-Pakistan region and their translocal networks. The insight builds on a ten-month fieldwork-based research project conducted in four regions—east, west, north-east and north Afghanistan—during 2016. We find that Daesh in Afghanistan is a context-specific phenomenon that manifests differently in the various regions across the country and is embedded in a long- term transformation of the religious, cultural and political landscape in the cross-border region of Afghanistan–Pakistan. -
2485 Idps Received Humanitarian
AFGHANISTAN Weekly Humanitarian Update (23 – 29 September 2019) KEY FIGURES IDPS IN 2019 (AS OF 28 SEP) 282,800 People displaced by conflict 217,350 Received assistance NATURAL DISASTER IN 2019 (AS OF 22 SEP) 294,900 Number of people affected by natural disasters Conflict incident RETURNEES IN 2019 (AS OF 26 SEP) 334,165 Internal displacement Returnees from Iran Disruption of services 20,640 Returnees from Pakistan 12,030 Returnees from other countries Northeast: Over 14,000 people displaced HRP REQUIREMENTS & FUNDING Armed clashes continued between the Afghanistan National Security Force 612M (ANSF) and Non-State Armed Groups (NSAG) in the Khustak area, Jorm district, Requested (US$) Badakhshan province, Baharak and Taloqan city in Takhar province, Kunduz city, and Pule-e-Khumri district in Baghlan province. Last week, 7,314 people were 278.7M displaced in Badakhshan, Baghlan, Kunduz and Takhar provinces due to clashes 45.6% funded (US$) between the ANSF and NSAG. On 29 September, clashes in Baharak and Khowja Ghar districts in Takhar province displaced 7,000 people to Taloqan city who are AFGHANISTAN HUMANITARIAN staying at the Dashti Rabat areas compound (10 km away from Taloqan city). An FUND (AHF) inter-agency assessment is ongoing to assess needs. Humanitarian partners will provide those displaced with food, relief items, and hygiene kits in the coming 30.7M days. Contributions (US$) In the past week, 7,287 people displaced by conflict were verified by inter-agency 5.1M assessment teams in Baghlan, Kunduz, Takhar and Badakhshan provinces as Pledges (US$) being in need of humanitarian assistance. During the period, 25,718 people displaced by conflict were reported to have received assistance in Kunduz, 25.8M Baghlan, Badakhshan and Takhar provinces. -
AFGHANISTAN POLIO SNAPSHOT SEPTEMBER 2018 6 POSITIVE ENVIRONMENT SAMPLES in SEPTEMBER Cases from Jan to Aug
3 WPV CASES IN SEPTEMBER 15 TOTAL WPV CASES IN 2018 AFGHANISTAN POLIO SNAPSHOT SEPTEMBER 2018 6 POSITIVE ENVIRONMENT SAMPLES IN SEPTEMBER Cases from Jan to Aug Cases in September 5.56m Jawzjan CHILDREN TARGETED IN SUB- Balkh Kunduz Takhar NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION DAYS Badakhshan Samangan GAZIABAD district Faryab Baghlan 2 WPV 5.04m Sar-e-Pul Panjsher Nuristan Badghis DOSES OF VACCINE GIVEN IN Bamyan Parwan CHAKWI district IMMUNIZATION DAYS Kunar Kabul KAMA district 1 WPV Wardak Hirat Ghor Nangarhar Logar 1 WPV Daykundi Paktya 48,800 Ghazni PACHIR-WA-AGAM district Khost FRONTLINE WORKERS 1 WPV (Overall 30% female:26.5% urban workers, 5% Uruzgan of rural) Farah Paktika SHAHID-E-HASSAS district Zabul 1 WPV SHAHWALIKOT district 7,000 Hilmand Kandahar 3 WPV SOCIAL MOBILIZERS Nimroz SPIN BOLDAK district (Overall 30% female) 1 WPV KANDAHAR city 484 NAD-E-ALI district 2 WPV PERMANENT TRANSIT TEAMS 1 WPV ARGHANDAB district 1 WPV 15 KHAKREZ district CROSS-BORDER VACCINATION 1 WPV POINTS Data as of 30 September 2018 WILD POLIOVIRUS CASE COUNT 2017-2018 POLIO TRANSMISSION • 3 new wild poliovirus (WPV1) cases were re- ported in September. 1 from Shahid-E-Hassas district of Uruzgan and 2 from Kandahar city of Kandahar province. • 6 WPV1 positive environmental samples were reported in September, all from Kandahar city of Kandahar province, bringing the total number of positive samples to 40 in 2018. AFP AND ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE • 198 acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases (99 girls and 99 boys) reported in September. Overall in 2018, 2,451 AFP cases have been reported, of which 2,227 have been discarded as “non-polio AFP” and 209 cases are pending classification. -
Humanitarian Assistance Programme (HAP) Weekly Summary Report
Humanitarian Assistance Programme (HAP) Weekly Summary Report “On New Responses to Natural Disasters and Follow-up” Reporting Period: 7 February 2013 – 13 February 2013 Donor: OFDA/USAID Submission Date: 13 February 2013 Incidents Update: During the reporting period three natural disaster incidents were reported. Central Region: • Parwan Province: On the 3rd of February, ANDMA reported 44 families affected by heavy rainfall in four districts of Parwan province: Sayd Khel, Bagram, Chaharikar, Surkh Parsa. One person was injured and three persons caught in an avalanche did not survive the incident in Shekh Ali district, Dara Botyan village. Consequently, the joint assessment conducted by IOM, ANDMA, CARE, ARCS, and DoRR on the 6th of February identified 27 families for immediate assistance (nine houses destroyed, 18 houses severely damaged). IOM provided winter warm clothing and blankets to these 27 families, while CARE provided nine tents and ANDMA assisted with food items. A separate assessment carried out by ANDMA recommended additional 22 families for assistance. UNICEF committed to assist 22 families with NFIs and hygiene kits. • Logar Province: On the 5th of February, ANDMA and IRC reported heavy snowfall and harsh winter affecting around 15 families in Kharwar district. Six casualties, including those of two children were also reported. Families in other districts of the province were also severely affected. In response, IOM and IRC conducted an assessment in six districts: Baraki Barak, Kharwar, Khoshi, Pul-e-Alam, Mohammad Agha and center, on the 10th of February. 152 families were confirmed for an assistance (houses severely damaged). IOM will provide winter warm clothing to all families, while IRC will provide tarpaulins, in addition to 27 latrine kits and kitchen sets to female headed families. -
Kunar Province
AFGHANISTAN Kunar Province District Atlas April 2014 Disclaimers: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. http://afg.humanitarianresponse.info [email protected] AFGHANISTAN: Kunar Province Reference Map 71°0'0"E 71°30'0"E Barg-e-Matal District Koran Badakhshan Wa Monjan District Province Kamdesh 35°30'0"N District 35°30'0"N Poruns Kamdesh !! Poruns ! District Nuristan Province Chitral Nari District Ghaziabad Nari District ! Waygal District Waygal Wama ! District Nurgeram District Ghaziabad ! Wama ! Upper Dir Barkunar Khyber Shigal District Pakhtunkhwa Wa Sheltan Barkunar District ! Watapur Dangam District ! 35°0'0"N Chapadara Dara-e-Pech Shigal Wa 35°0'0"N ! ! Sheltan Dangam Chapadara ! District Dara-e-Pech District District Watapur Lower ! Dir Marawara ! Asadabad !! Asadabad ! Alingar District Marawara District District Kunar Bajaur Province Agency Sarkani Narang ! District Narang ! Sarkani Chawkay District District PAKISTAN Dara-e-Nur Chawkay District Nurgal ! District Dara-e-Nur Khaskunar ! ! Fata Nurgal ! Khaskunar District Kuzkunar ! Kuzkunar District Mohmand Agency Nangarhar 34°30'0"N 34°30'0"N Province Goshta District Kama District Lalpur Kama ! District 71°0'0"E 71°30'0"E Legend Date Printed: 27 March 2014 01:34 PM UZBEKISTAN CHINA Data -
PFC Dudley of 1St Platoon, Comanche Company Pulls Se- Curity Along a Kalat Wall While on Patrol in Khost Province
geronimo journal PFC Dudley of 1st Platoon, Comanche Company pulls se- curity along a Kalat Wall while on patrol in Khost Province. Task Force 1-501 Family and Friends, We are at the hump, or maybe just over it, in terms of our deployment length, but there is still much to be done. We’re continuing to make progress in terms of Afghan forces being able to provide security; and these gains are opening the doors for significantly larger gains, progress begets progress. The willingness of our Afghan partners to take initiative in the planning and execution of operations is continually increasing. At the lower (Company/ PLT equivalent) level, our Afghan partner forces remain strong and competent. At the Kandak (Battalion equiva- lent) level and up they still face challenges, particularly in the area of logistic support. It is not for a lack of will, sometimes they’re just not sure how their own systems are supposed to work (a problem that can be found in our own Army). We have created some of this problem on our own over the past 10 years - supplying Afghan forces with whatever they need, as opposed to forcing their system to work. Our Security Force Assistance (SFA) Team (“Team Salakar”) is critical in helping our Afghan partners build their ability to supply themselves, communicate and synchronize operations across Khost Province. Team Salakar, in conjunction with our Companies, works con- stantly at various level to assist our Afghan partners in finding “Afghan solutions to Afghan problems.” We have completed the transition of Company Commanders in Easy and Blackfoot Companies, with CPT Adam Jones now at the helm of the FSC and CPT Matt Mobley leading Blackfoot Company at JCOP Chergowtah. -
AIHRC-UNAMA Joint Monitoring of Political Rights Presidential and Provincial Council Elections Third Report 1 August – 21 October 2009
Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission AIHRC AIHRC-UNAMA Joint Monitoring of Political Rights Presidential and Provincial Council Elections Third Report 1 August – 21 October 2009 United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan UNAMA Table of Contents Summary of Findings i Introduction 1 I. Insecurity and Intimidation 1 Intensified violence and intimidation in the lead up to elections 1 Insecurity on polling day 2 II. Right to Vote 2 Insecurity and voting 3 Relocation or merging of polling centres and polling stations 4 Women’s participation 4 III. Fraud and Irregularities 5 Ballot box stuffing 6 Campaigning at polling stations and instructing voters 8 Multiple voter registration cards 8 Proxy voting 9 Underage voting 9 Deficiencies 9 IV. Freedom of Expression 9 V. Conclusion 10 Endnotes 11 Annex 1 – ECC Policy on Audit and Recount Evaluations 21 Summary of Findings The elections took place in spite of a challenging environment that was characterised by insecurity and logistical and human resource difficulties. These elections were the first to be fully led and organised by the Afghanistan Independent Election Commission (IEC) and the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) took the lead in providing security for the elections. It was also the first time that arrangements were made for prisoners and hospitalised citizens, to cast their votes. The steady increase of security-related incidents by Anti-Government Elements (AGEs) was a dominant factor in the preparation and holding of the elections. Despite commendable efforts from the ANSF, insecurity had a bearing on the decision of Afghans to participate in the elections Polling day recorded the highest number of attacks and other forms of intimidation for some 15 years. -
Daily Situation Report 10 November 2010 Safety and Security Issues Relevant to Sssi Personnel and Clients
Strategic SSI - Afghanistan DAILY SITUATION REPORT 10 NOVEMBER 2010 SAFETY AND SECURITY ISSUES RELEVANT TO SSSI PERSONNEL AND CLIENTS STANDING THREAT ASSESSMENT (KABUL): Threat reports continue to indicate that insurgents aspire to conduct coordinated attacks in Kabul City, as such the threat remains extant. Recent threat reporting has also indicated likely reconnaissance of areas and businesses frequented by members of the international community. Although no significant attacks were carried out in Kabul during the recent parliamentary election, or indeed after the event, the recent reduction in physical security in the city may provide insurgents with exploitable opportunities to carry out attacks. Suicide and complex attacks remain the preferred choice for insurgents in order to gain maximum casualties figures and the associated high degree of media attention. It remains possible that insurgents will still seek to undermine the democratic process by conducting high profile attacks when the final results are announced. It remains prudent for international agencies in the Kabul area to maintain a high degree of security vigilance. Sporadic IDF attacks in the city centre are to be expected. Any attacks are likely to consist of between one and four 107 mm rockets launched towards the city centre. Incidents of intimidation, executions by insurgents and targeting of government officials are increasing throughout the country. It seems to be a form of revenge by insurgents as they have lost more than 300 insurgent commanders over the past -
Khost Province
AFGHANISTAN Khost Province District Atlas April 2014 Disclaimers: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. http://afg.humanitarianresponse.info [email protected] AFGHANISTAN: Khost Province Reference Map 69°30'0"E 70°0'0"E Legend ^! Capital Ahmadaba District Lija Ahmad Khel Chamkani Dand Wa !! Provincial Center / Laja Mangel District Patan Sayedkaram ! ! District District District Center Paktya Administrative Boundaries Province International Province Sayedkaram Janikhel Distirict / Mirzaka ! Janikhel Jajimaydan District District District Transportation Kurram Musakhel ! Jajimaydan Agency Primary Road District Secondary Road o Airport Sabari ! p Airfield Sabari District River/Stream Gardez Musakhel River/Lake District ! Bak ! Bak District Qalandar 33°30'0"N 33°30'0"N District Shawak Qalandar District ! Zadran District Shawak ! Terezayi ! Khost Terezayi District Date Printed: 30 March 2014 08:40 AM Zadran Nadirshahkot ! Province District Data Source(s): AGCHO, CSO, AIMS, MISTI p Schools - Ministry of Education ° Khost (Matun) Health Facilities - Ministry of Health !! p Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS-84 Shamal Shamal Nadirshahkot Khost (Matun) ! ! District ! District 0 20 Kms Mandozayi Mandozayi Gurbuz ! District Disclaimers: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion ! whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Tani Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
IOM - Humanitarian Assistance Programme Weekly Report
IOM - Humanitarian Assistance Programme Weekly Report Week Starting Date Week Ending Date Period: 04 April 2018 10 April 2018 Submission Date: 11 April 2018 Cumulative Highlights (Verified Data on the basis of Assessments) 01 January to 10 April 2018 # of Provinces # of Report- # of Joint # of Report- # of Report- # of Houses # of Houses # of Houses # of Individu- # of Individu- # of Verified # of Verified # of Families # of Individ- Affected ed ND inci- Assessments ed Affected ed Affected Completely Severely Moderately als Deaths als Injured Affected Affected Assisted by uals Assisted dents Families Individuals Destroyed Damaged Damaged Families Individuals IOM by IOM 11 25 26 741 5,187 76 149 22 0 10 226 1,622 199 1,393 2017 vs 2018 Analysis Weekly Highlights 04 April to 10 April 2018 # of Provinces # of ND # of Joint # of Report- # of Report- # of Houses # of Houses # of Houses # of Individu- # of Individu- # of Verified # of Verified # of Families # of Individ- Affected incidents Assessments ed Affected ed Affected Completely Severely Moderately als Deaths als Injured Affected Affected Assisted by uals Assisted Reported Families Individuals Destroyed Damaged Damaged Families Individuals IOM by IOM 5 6 6 391 2,737 3 30 0 1 0 88 616 0 0 Natural Disasters, Conflict IDPs, Coordination and DRR activity UPDATE: 04 April to 10 April 2018 Natural Disasters Update: Kuner: 15 families were reportedly affected by heavy rainfall in Asad Abad and one family in Nurgal districts on 08 April. A joint assessment team consisting of IOM, ANDMA and WFP assessed the families on 10 April. Two families were found eligible for humanitarian assistance in Asad abad district while the assessment is on going in Nurgal district expected to conclude on 11 April.