INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PROJECT – EXPERIENCE

SPMU- GUJARAT

Gujarat Ecology Commission Government of Gujarat Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Project INTRODUCTION

• World Bank & MoEF & CC aided Project Components

• Rs. 387.17 Cr investment

• Pilot Investment by States Conservation • GEC, GEER foundation, GPCB, MNP&S, JMC, KFC, BISAG- Working as a project of Coast & Coastal executing agency under ICZM project. Resources • Gujarat Ecology Commission is nodal agency/ State Project Management Unit (SPMU) for ICZM Project in Gujarat

What is ICZM?

• Integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) is a process for the management of Preparation Pollution of ICZM Plan the coast – Abatement for GoK • uses an integrated approach of all aspects of the coastal zone

• includes geographical, administrative and political boundaries

• an attempt to achieve sustainability

NEED FOR ICZMP Livelihood Improvement • ICZM should be a solution for the livelihood, economic and ecological security of of Coastal the coastal areas Community

• Implementation of the CRZ & other law in a people-friendly manner

• Empowerment of local communities – Security of lives & livelihood Institutional & Functional Arrangement - ICZMP

Forest & Environment Department

State Steering Committee

Gujarat State Project Management Unit

Project Executing Agencies (PEAs)

Kachchh Gujarat Marine GEER BISAG Gujarat State Jamnagar Forest National Park Ecology Circle Foundation Pollution Municipal Commission &Sanctuary Control Board Corporation GIS Mangrove Coral Information Coastal water Complete Restoration Reef system monitoring , Sewerage system Coastal establishment Socio-economic capacity water 70MLD STP development monitoring building Livelihood security Coastal Resource Management Environmental & Pollution Management Success stories under various Pilot Investments implemented under ICZMP phase-1 [Gujarat State]

4 •First time in country 70 MLD STP on DBFOT basis with 15 Total years O & M& operator will pay 2 Cr/yr for 13 years 70 MLD STP at Jamnagar cost of : One of the greatest achievements of this work is the ‘Policy 78 cr for Resue of Treated Waste Water’ made by the Government of Gujarat as on May 2018 (Policy introduced by Gujarat Water Supply & Sewerage Board, Government of Gujarat). Direct Beneficiaries :- 2.48 Lakh. Indirect Beneficiaries :- 4.45 Lakh 78.55% Households of City Connected. (Total 99494 Households in Jamnagar City.) 16570 ha Mangrove Plantation through Community- has open a way to one of the first community driven Mangrove Plantation An addition of 1450 hac were then added  as per ISFR [2017], approximately 3% of mangrove cover increased in State

10,000 [Direct] & 35,000/ [Indirect] Member of the EDCs, CBOs and labours who are engaged in the mangrove plantation activities they are benefited directly and whole local community of the particular villages are benefited indirectly. Mangrove plantation activity has earned them more than Rs. 31 crore.

Approximately 5000 people have worked every day for a period of 10 months, which has earned them more than Rs. 31 crore on daily wages  This was a successful attempt in collabration with ZSI to Corals bring back the presence of locally extinct branching corals (Acropora spp. and Montipora spp.) once again in the Gulf of Kachchh after some 10,000 years with heavy sedimentation rate impact (Satyanarayana et al. 2016).

 Reef fishes observed in the coral restoration sites, 17 Families of reef fishes recorded in the coral restoration sites

 Newly recorded two species, viz., Carijoa riisei (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860) and Subergorgia suberosa (Pallas, 1766) falling under the order Alcyoniidae, family Clavulariidae, and order Gorgonacea Lamouroux, 1816, Family Subergorgiidae Gray, 1859 respectively are described and illustrated from Marine National Park, Gulf of Kachchh (Kumar et.al 2014).

 Protocol development for coral transplantation & large scale transplantation – Acropora spp and local species Sea turtle conservation

Sea turtle hatchery at Okha Madi Release of baby turtle

In-situ and Ex-situ Turtle conservation was carried out by Marine National Park & Sanctuary and Kachchh Forest Circle

Okhamadhi hatchery was established by MNP&S, where 327 nests were collected, 33670 eggs collected and 25020 number of baby turtles released.

Mandavi hatchery was established by Kachchh Forest Circle, where 47 nests were collected, 5394 eggs collected and 4325 number of baby turtles released. EPA- Check Dam Training of 99 field staff and forest officials for handling turtle eggs and its conservation • The capacity building of GEER Foundation and GPCB in Coastal water monitoring terms of establishment of the state of Art Laboratory & 5 at Gulf of kachchh at 13 Field Stations has contributed towards effective monitoring site in collaboration of coastal biodiversity in GoK as well as other coastal areas.

• The continuous monitoring and trend analysis of over last 7 years of different biophysical parameters & biodiversity itself has been a great learning which will contribute to enrichment of knowledge about the GoK Seascape. GEER/GPCB collaborative sampling • Highly Scientific instruments build GPCB capacity to monitor the various parameters at very micro stages with at various sampling PPB level detection. sites of GoK GPCB has taken actions on polluting units under Water Act-1974 on the basis of results analysed on GCMS as well as under Air Act-1981. As a result of laboratory established and the analytical capabilities developed under ICZMP, GPCB has issued closure notices to four polluting industries; such as Panoli Intermediates, Baroda; RRJ Industries, Panoli; Manmohan Mineral, Jagadia & Chemicals Ltd. and Archit Organosis Ltd. . These orders were issued on fingerprinting using GCMS & ICPMS. Apart from this, show cause notices are also issued to industries Promotion of Green and Clean Emery Concept by introducing regular cleaning drives in all the villages, GANDHI- Green Action For installation of various rain water harvesting structures , National Dandi Heritage use of renewable energy, sources rather than conventional one, solid waste management an Initiative More then 7 Gandhian philosophy is conveyed and well replicated in lacs amount all the six villages of GANDHI project. Recovered on toll tax which Fresh water is made available at dry seasons .By this are utilized by project the total freshwater storage capacity is increased cleanliness and by 1,6009 ML. management purpose Has been developed as one of the potential eco-tourist site in Gujarat Gandhi Hat For the livelihood enhancement of the locals, various practical and theoretical training are imparted to the locals so that individuals can develop their skills for any trade, are trained to work in small scale industry or can even freelance.

At the end of the training programe completion Population of 19,207 benefited certificate will be provided to the participants which will House holds 4710 benefited be benefited in terms of future career perspectives. Livelihood Security of Coastal Community around Gulf of Kachchh

• Total 157 organizations are formed and registered for project implementation. Out of which 104 are CBOs formed by GEC and 53 are Eco-Development Committees formed by Marine National Park & Sanctuary. • The CBOs and EDCs formed under ICZMP are registered under the Society Act 1860 – Article 21 and under the Public Trust Act 1950 – Article 29, which deems the organizations as legal entities, which can undertake projects and activities of government of private funders on its own. • Total 478 SHGs were formed at the initiation of the project, out of which 252 SHGs are now functional with a total saving of Rs. 59,09,537/-.

Women empowerment- 50% are women members in General Body of CBO and Executive Committee. One of the signatory in CBO account is Woman.

Linkages developed with Education, Irrigation, Health, Water Resources, Forest & Environment, Fisheries Departments & GSDMA, GSBTM, GLPC

Alternative Energy Resource Development- solar equipments like solar pumps, solar fish dryer, solar street light, solar home light, solar roof top are installed  Livelihood support - 1077 families benefitted - (agricultural kit, cattle camp, animal vaccination, dairy unit, direct employment, fishermen kit, fishermen license, biometric card for fishermen, bank loan, pond and ogun work, shram jivi yojna, water sump, widow pension etc.)

 Community infrastructure - 1882 families benefitted - (community lighting, RCC road construction, Snan Ghat etc.

 Drinking water - 695 families benefitted - (community bore well, water pipeline, water tank construction, RO plant etc.)

 Education - 169 families benefitted - (Vidyadeep Yojana, Anganwadi & primary education etc.)

 Health - 384 families benefitted - (vehicle and equipments for handicap, Ma Amrutam Yojna, health camps, etc.)

 Environment - 41 families benefitted - (tree guards for plantations)

 Sanitation - 658 families benefitted - (toilets, drainage, etc.)

 Others - 73 families benefitted - (residential houses, bank accounts, STP etc.) Key ICZMOutcomes Plan prepared for the Gulf of Kachchh – addressing environment, natural resources Coordination and ecosystem issues which are identified and through a holistic approach involvement Ecological of various sensitive intergovernm areas in GoK ental sectors will be for Enhancement addressed preparation of of Knowledge with various ICZM plan gaps for mitigations ICZM plan will coastal interventions provide a wider approaches in Considering platform for a the state importance the Proper This plan ICZM plan for Integration, will be first the State, ICZM Sustainable of its kind plan will be Development and prepared for the multi-sector in the State Gulf of of Gujarat execution for Khambhat and Coastal Zone Plan is already approved and rest of coastal submitted to world bank stretch as well in Management of future GoK STATE LEVEL OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY PLAN FOR STATE OF GUJARAT

 Gujarat, ‘Economic Growth Engine’ of the country” due to its coastline and gulfs.  Gulf of Kachchh is the main route for Oil Transportation  Annually handling of about 150 MMTPA - 5000 ships with capacity of 10000 MTA  Oil Spill, poses serious threats to ecological wealth of the State  Needs preventive planning in holistic perspective  The Plan of Oil Spill Management based on NOC-DCP guideline  Plan will provide operational and contingency management guidelines  Oil Spill modeling provides the range of spill during accident  Plan will provide the tool for conservation of ecological wealth 20 shoreline response centres proposed. • State is designated as the statutory agency along the shoreline including the intertidal areas of 1660 km coastline. Covers the coasts of Gulf of Kachchh, Open Coast, Gulf of Khambat and Southern Coast. • Plan is Provisonally approved by the Ministry of Defence

15 Coastal Zone Management Plan CZMP maps of 14 districts For State Of Gujarat approved and is uploaded on the GEC website https://gec.gujarat.gov.in/

• CRZ Notification -2011 state that – All Coastal State Shall prepare CZMP within 24 months from the date of notification taking base year of notification” • In the year 2015 through Government Resolution G.R.No. ENV-10-2011-2094-E dated 2ndJuly 2015, GEC is designated as a coordinating agency to coordinated with NCSCM for preparation of Coastal Zone Management Plan in association with GCZMA. • NCSCM has started the work in close coordination with GEC for preparation of CZMP • Two Main Pillar – HTL & LTL for preparation of CZMP • HTL & LTL Delineation as per CRZ Notification 2011-Completed  HTL & LTL mapping will provide baseline for further planning, conserving and development of landuse. • Study area :Integrated Coastal Zone Management for

• Objectives : • Conservation & Protection of Coastal Resources ICZMP- PHASE II • Water & Air Quality Management of coastal & marine areas • Livelihood Security of coastal communities • Capacity Building

• Total cost Total financial outlay is INR 308 Cr [275 Cr + 12% IOC]

Location of project: Two Stretches are selected for the Project Implementation Gulf of Khambhat [Bharuch, , Navsari districts]

PROPOSED PROJECT AREA [CVCA AREA]

Ambika River, , , Kolak river ,Malan river, , ,Par river, , , tapi river  The stretch is starting from Bharuch and its covers the districts of Bharuch, Surat, Navsari & .

 To conserve and protect the unique environment of coastal stretches of Gulf of Khambhat and marine areas along with livelihood security and pollution abatement as well as based on the need of Integrated management, the project has designed to focus on small coastal stretches which are having ecological and economical importance.

 The 5 km *5 km radius areas of each selected estuarine coastal stretches are selected to implement the various pilot interventions to showcase the ideal model of integrated coastal zone management.

 The design aims to extend various coastal approaches such as mangrove plantation to arrest erosion and stabilize the coast at one end and also provide a platform for livelihood such as fisheries , etc, bioshield and plantation on farmers field for wind break and to protect the agriculture from salinity intrusion and many more.

 Revised PPR was submitted for further approval to SICOM on 6th May through Email  The proposed activities involved

 1. Conservation of Coastal Resources

 Shoreline Management :- by studying coastal processes, building groynes where required based on field needs and prior studies, mapping and developing shoreline protection methods for eroding stretches within Gulf of Khambhat and strengthening lives and livelihood which are vulnerable due to high erosion coastal process in Gulf of Khambhat

 Conservation Management Plan: including eco-restoration of mangroves , Creation of bio-shield , Monitoring system will also be establish to monitor the coastal and marine bio diversity. Restoration of traditional fishing practices, conservation of bio-diversity, economic activities such as traditional salinity resistant cropping etc will be developed during the course of project

 Resource Management: by controlling seawater infiltration, Installing salinity monitoring network along coastal areas Fresh water recharging structures, water conservation etc will be implemented

 2 Water & Air quality Monitoring

 Development of a Pollution Management Plan: Plan including the Qualitative and quantitative assessment of coastal water health to assess the pollution load in identified coastal tracts, Real Time monitoring pollution in creeks, estuarine & gulf water, establishment of Processing & implementing pollution abatement activities aming to curtail the pollution load adopting zero discharge concept for conservation of coastal resources.

 Establishment of Real Time Coastal Water Monitoring System: Real time monitoring stations will be installed along with mobile app which will be showing the hourly results of the health of the coastal water of GoKh

 Pollution Abatement of coastal towns- It has been planned to develop the STP at Ankleshwar, Bharuch [Population is about Two lakh and growing on day to day basis due to highly industrial areas] Anand and Navsari [Population of about two lakh] with the use of cutting edge technologies which is cost effective and easy maintenance to combat the pollution load within GoKh for improvement of nearby coastal and marine ecosystem health. [Detailed Project will be prepared at the time of DPR].

 Common Effluent Treatment Plant [CETP] –[one CETP near Vapi, Ankelshwar or Sarigam is planned] 3. Socio-economic upliftment of coastal community  Development of Holistic Coastal Villages : through promoting integrated conservation of various coastal resources through promoting sustainable coastal village development and support to eco development committees for creating eco-village over the coastline including Gulf of Khambhat  Resources Based Livelihood Generation : livelihood programme such as Crab Fattening, Sea weed cultivation, Mudskipper catching, Fish cage culture etc will be initiated through local SHGs or CBOs.

 Development of Mangrove Eco-tourism :to enhance the livelihood opportunities for local residents, this will aid in local community for their economic upliftment

4. Institutional Arrangements, Awareness and Capacity building. Projected Outcome of the project  Pollution Abatement in selected estuaries of the State  Development of climate smart villages in each CVCA areas  Ecological upgradation in CVCA areas  ICZM Plan for Gulf of Khambhat  The existence of an appropriate state level institutional structure for guiding and coordinating implementation of ICZM approaches  Various ICZM activities demonstrating cross-sectoral and spatial integration will be identified for future interventions and to replicate lessons learnt by State Government.  Increment in Mangrove coverage over the State coastline  Policy level decision will be taken on Coastal Zone Management by State Government based on information/data based developed

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