Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 RH134

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 RH134 Red Hat System Administration II Edition 1 Wander Boessenkool Bruce Wolfe Scott McBrien George Hacker Chen Chang Edited by Steven Bonneville Legal Notice Document Conventions 1. Notes and Warnings Introduction 1. Red Hat System Administration II 2. Orientation to the Classroom Environment 3. Internationalization 3.1. Language Codes Reference 1. Automating Installation with Kickstart 1.1. Defining the Anaconda Kickstart System 1.2. Practice: Kickstart File Syntax and Modification 1.3. Deploying a New Virtual System with Kickstart 1.4. Practice: Installing a System Using Kickstart 1.5. Chapter Test: Automating Installation with Kickstart 2. Using Regular Expressions with grep 2.1. Regular Expressions Fundamentals 2.2. Practice: Match the Regular Expression 2.3. Matching Text with grep 2.4. Practice: Using grep with Logs 2.5. Lab: Using Regular Expressions with grep 3. Creating and Editing Text Files with vim 3.1. The vim Text Editor 3.2. Practice: vim Modes 3.3. Basic vim Workflow 3.4. Practice: Basic vim Workflow 3.5. Editing with vim 3.6. Practice: Edit a File with vim 3.7. Lab: Edit a System File with vim 4. Scheduling Future Linux Tasks 4.1. Scheduling One-Time Tasks with at 4.2. Practice: Scheduling One-Time Tasks with at 4.3. Scheduling Recurring Jobs with cron 4.4. Practice: Scheduling Recurring Jobs with cron 4.5. Scheduling System cron Jobs 4.6. Practice: Scheduling System cron Jobs 4.7. Managing Temporary Files 4.8. Practice: Managing Temporary Files 4.9. Chapter Test: Scheduling Future Linux Tasks 5. Managing Priority of Linux Processes 5.1. Process Priority and "nice" Concepts 5.2. Practice: Process Priority and "nice" Concepts 5.3. Using nice and renice to Influence Process Priority 5.4. Practice: Discovering Process Priorities 5.5. Lab: Managing Priority of Linux Processes 6. Controlling Access to Files with Access Control Lists (ACLs) 6.1. POSIX Access Control Lists (ACLs) 6.2. Practice: Interpret ACLs 6.3. Securing Files with ACLs 6.4. Practice: Using ACLs to Grant and Limit Access 6.5. Lab: Controlling Access to Files with Access Control Lists (ACLs) 7. Managing SELinux Security 7.1. Enabling and Monitoring Security Enhanced Linux (SELinux) 7.2. Practice: SELinux Concepts 7.3. Changing SELinux Modes 7.4. Practice: Changing SELinux Modes 7.5. Changing SELinux Contexts 7.6. Practice: Changing SELinux Contexts 7.7. Changing SELinux Booleans 7.8. Practice: Changing SELinux Booleans 7.9. Troubleshooting SELinux 7.10. Practice: Troubleshooting SELinux 7.11. Lab: Managing SELinux Security 8. Connecting to Network-defined Users and Groups 8.1. Using Identity Management Services 8.2. Practice: Connecting to a Central LDAP and Kerberos Server 8.3. Lab: Connecting to Network-defined Users and Groups 9. Adding Disks, Partitions, and File Systems to a Linux System 9.1. Adding Partitions, File Systems, and Persistent Mounts 9.2. Practice: Adding Partitions, File Systems, and Persistent Mounts 9.3. Managing Swap Space 9.4. Practice: Adding and Enabling Swap Space 9.5. Lab: Adding Disks, Partitions, and File Systems to a Linux System 10. Managing Logical Volume Management (LVM) Storage 10.1. Logical Volume Management Concepts 10.2. Practice: Logical Volume Management Concepts 10.3. Managing Logical Volumes 10.4. Practice: Adding a Logical Volume 10.5. Extending Logical Volumes 10.6. Practice: Extending a Logical Volume 10.7. Lab: Managing Logical Volume Management (LVM) Storage 11. Accessing Network Storage with Network File System (NFS) 11.1. Mounting Network Storage with NFS 11.2. Practice: Mounting and Unmounting NFS 11.3. Automounting Network Storage with NFS 11.4. Practice: Automounting NFS 11.5. Lab: Accessing Network Storage with Network File System (NFS) 12. Accessing Network Storage with SMB 12.1. Accessing Network Storage with SMB 12.2. Practice: Mounting a SMB File System 12.3. Lab: Accessing Network Storage with SMB 13. Controlling and Troubleshooting the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Boot Process 13.1. The Red Hat Enterprise Linux Boot Process 13.2. Practice: Selecting a Boot Target 13.3. Repairing Common Boot Issues 13.4. Practice: Resetting a Lost root Password 13.5. Repairing File System Issues at Boot 13.6. Practice: Repairing Boot Problems 13.7. Repairing Boot Loader Issues 13.8. Practice: Repairing a Boot Loader Problem 13.9. Lab: Controlling and Troubleshooting the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Boot Process 14. Limiting Network Communication with firewalld 14.1. Limiting Network Communication 14.2. Practice: Limiting Network Communication 14.3. Lab: Limiting Network Communication 15. Comprehensive Review of System Administration II 15.1. Red Hat System Administration II Comprehensive Review 15.2. Lab: Comprehensive Review of System Administration II Document Conventions 1. Notes and Warnings Note "Notes" are tips, shortcuts or alternative approaches to the task at hand. Ignoring a note should have no negative consequences, but you might miss out on a trick that makes your life easier. Comparison "Comparisons" look at similarities and differences between the technology or topic being discussed and similar technologies or topics in other operating systems or environments. References "References" describe where to find external documentation relevant to a subject. Important "Important" boxes detail things that are easily missed: configuration changes that only apply to the current session, or services that need restarting before an update will apply. Ignoring a box labeled "Important" will not cause data loss, but may cause irritation and frustration. Warning "Warnings" should not be ignored. Ignoring warnings will most likely cause data loss. Introduction 1. Red Hat System Administration II This course is specifically designed for students who have completed Red Hat System Administration I (RH124). Red Hat System Administration II (RH134) focuses on the key tasks needed to become a full time Linux Administrator and to validate those skills via the Red Hat Certified System Administrator exam. This course goes deeper into enterprise Linux administration including filesystems and partitioning, logical volumes, SELinux, firewalling, and troubleshooting. Course Objectives o Expand and extend on skills gained during the Red Hat System Administration I (RH124) course. o Build skills needed by an RHCSA-certified Red Hat Enterprise Linux system administrator Audience o This course is singularly designed for students who have completed Red Hat System Administration I (RH124). The organization of topics is such that it is not appropriate for student to use RH134 as a curriculum entry point. Students who have not taken a previous Red Hat course are encouraged to take either System Administration I if they are new to Linux or the RHCSA Fast Track course (RH200) if they are experienced with enterprise Linux administration. Prerequisites o Having sat the Red Hat System Administration I (RH124) course, or equivalent knowledge. 2. Orientation to the Classroom Environment In this course, students will do most hands-on practice exercises and lab work with two computer systems, which will be referred to as desktop and server. These machines have the hostnames desktopX.example.com and serverX.example.com, where the X in the computers' hostnames will be a number that will vary from student to student. Both machines have a standard user account, student, with the password student. The root password on both systems is redhat. Each student is on the IPv4 network 172.25.X.0/24, where the X matches the number of their desktopX and serverX systems. The instructor runs a central utility server which acts as a router for the classroom networks and which provides DNS, DHCP, HTTP, and other content services, classroom.example.com. Classroom Machines Machine name IP addresses Role Student "client" computer desktopX.example.com 172.25.X.10 Student "server" computer serverX.example.com 172.25.X.11 classroom.example.com 172.25.254.254 Classroom utility server 3. Internationalization Language support Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 officially supports 22 languages: English, Assamese, Bengali, Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional), French, German, Gujarati, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Kannada, Korean, Malayalam, Marathi, Odia, Portuguese (Brazilian), Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Tamil, and Telugu. Per-user language selection Users may prefer to use a different language for their desktop environment than the system-wide default. They may also want to set their account to use a different keyboard layout or input method. Language settings In the GNOME desktop environment, the user may be prompted to set their preferred language and input method on first login. If not, then the easiest way for an individual user to adjust their preferred language and input method settings is to use the Region & Language application. Run the command gnome-control-center region, or from the top bar, select (User) → Settings. In the window that opens, select Region & Language. The user can click theLanguage box and select their preferred language from the list that appears. This will also update the Formatssetting to the default for that language. The next time the user logs in, these changes will take full effect. These settings affect the GNOME desktop environment and any applications, including gnome-terminal, started inside it. However, they do not apply to that account if accessed through an ssh login from a remote system or a local text console (such as tty2). Note A user can make their shell environment use the same LANG setting as their graphical environment, even when they log in through a text console or over ssh. One way to do this is to place code similar to the following in the user's ~/.bashrc file. This example code will set the language used on a text login to match the one currently set for the user's GNOME desktop environment: i=$(grep 'Language=' /var/lib/AccountService/users/${USER} \ | sed 's/Language=//') if [ "$i" != "" ]; then export LANG=$i fi Japanese, Korean, Chinese, or other languages with a non-Latin character set may not display properly on local text consoles.

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