DOCSLIB.ORG

A Study of Warfare Theodicy in the Writings of Ellen G. White and Gregory A

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Study of Warfare Theodicy in the Writings of Ellen G. White and Gregory A Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Dissertations Graduate Research 2012 A Study of Warfare Theodicy in the Writings of Ellen G. White and Gregory A. Boyd Martha O. Duah Andrews University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations Part of the Christianity Commons, Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Duah, Martha O., "A Study of Warfare Theodicy in the Writings of Ellen G. White and Gregory A. Boyd" (2012). Dissertations. 41. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations/41 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT A STUDY OF WARFARE THEODICY IN THE WRITINGS OF ELLEN G. WHITE AND GREGORY A. BOYD by Martha O. Duah Adviser: Miroslav M. Kiš ABSTRACT OF GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH Dissertation Andrews University Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary Title: A STUDY OF WARFARE THEODICY IN THE WRITINGS OF ELLEN G. WHITE AND GREGORY A. BOYD Name of researcher: Martha O. Duah Name and degree of faculty adviser: Miroslav M. Kiš, Ph.D. Date completed: April 2012 The problem of evil has been an issue for all religions over the centuries. But it is a crucial issue for theism because of its affirmation of the co-existence of an omnipotent, omniscient, and omnibenevolent God and evil. Theologians and philosophical theologians have developed a plethora of materials in response to the problem. However, according to critics, none of the responses in and of themselves adequately deals with theism’s problem of suffering and evil. As a result, this study explores the warfare theodicy, a Christian response to the problem of sin, suffering, and evil, which seems to have been neglected by scholars for a long time. The study focuses on the writings of Ellen G. White and Gregory A. Boyd, the two foremost detailed and exhaustive presenters of the warfare theodicy in the nineteenth and twenty-first centuries respectively. The goal is to assess the relationship between the two models of warfare theodicy and the plausibility of the warfare theodicy as a Christian response to the problem of suffering and evil. The approach to this study is descriptive, analytical, comparative, and evaluative. Chapter 1 provides a survey of the historical background for the problem of evil and introduces the problem, the purpose, and the methodology of the study. Chapter 2 describes three major Christian approaches to the problem of evil and scholarly critiques of these approaches, while chapters 3 and 4 analytically describe Boyd’s and White’s models of warfare theodicy, respectively. The first section of chapter 5 compares and contrasts the two models of warfare theodicy and the second section evaluates them. Chapter 6 summarizes the findings of the study and then answers the questions concerning the relationship between the two models of the warfare theodicy and their plausibility as a Christian response to the problem of evil. The study shows that the differing outlook of the authors’ use of science in theology leads to divergence in the two models of warfare theodicy. Therefore, to the question of the relationship between the two models, the study concludes that they may be related, but given the degree of their differences they are two distinctive warfare theodicies. Concerning the question of the viability of the warfare theodicy, the study concludes that although both models of the warfare theodicy leave some philosophical questions unanswered, the Great Controversy Theodicy is a more satisfactory Christian response to the problem of suffering and evil, and, the Trinitarian Warfare Theodicy is a less satisfactory Christian response to the problem of evil. Andrews University Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary A STUDY OF WARFARE THEODICY IN THE WRITINGS OF ELLEN G. WHITE AND GREGORY A. BOYD A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Martha Duah April 2012 © Copyright by Martha O. Duah 2012 All Rights Reserved A STUDY OF WARFARE THEODICY IN THE WRITINGS OF ELLEN G. WHITE AND GREGORY A. BOYD A dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy by Martha O. Duah APPROVAL BY THE COMMITTEE: _______________________________ _____________________________ Faculty Adviser, Director of Ph.D./Th.D. program Miroslav M. Kiš Tom Shepherd Professor of Ethics _______________________________ ______________________________ J. H. Denis Fortin Dean, SDA Theological Seminary Professor of Theology J. H. Denis Fortin _______________________________ Martin F. Hanna Associate Professor of Historical Theology _____________________________ Peter van Bemmelen Professor of Theology, Emeritus _______________________________ _____________________________ Woodrow W. Whidden Dated approved TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ....................................vi Chapter 1 . THE PROBLEM WITH THE PROBLEM OF EVIL WITHIN CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY ........................................ 1 Introduction ...................................... 1 Historical Background ................................ 2 Statement of Problem .... ............................... 12 Purpose of Study .................................. 13 Significance of Study ............................... 14 Scope and Delimitation of the Study ....................... 16 Methodology .................................... 17 2. THREE MAIN THEISTIC THEODICIES ..................... 21 Introduction ..................................... 21 Augustine's Theodicy ............................... 21 Critical Discussion on Augustine's Theodicy ................. 27 Logical Consistency in Augustine's Theodicy ............... 28 Nature of Evil in Augustine's Theodicy ................... 31 Privation .................................. 31 Plenitude .................................. 35 Aesthetic ................................... 37 Free Will and God in Relation to Evil in Augustine's Theodicy ..... 38 Hick's Theodicy .................................. 41 Critical Discussion on Hick's Theodicy ..................... 48 Excessive Suffering and Genuine Evil in Hick's Theodicy ....... 50 Eschatology and Free Will in Hick's Theodicy .............. 54 Process Theodicy ................................. 59 Critical Discussion on Process Theodicy .................... 66 Divine Power and Evil in Process Theodicy ................ 67 Divine Goodness and Evil in Process Theodicy .............. 72 Conclusion ...................................... 77 3. TRINITARIAN WARFARE THEODICY: DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS ... 82 Introduction ..................................... 82 General Background .............................. 83 Gregory A. Boyd ............................... 83 Background to Boyd's Theodicy ..................... 85 Boyd's Writings on Theodicy ....................... 91 iii Analysis of the Trinitarian Warfare Theodicy ................. 95 Free Will ..................................... 95 Love and Free Will ............................. 96 Self-Determined Freedom ......................... 98 Nature of Self-Determined Freedom .................. 105 Moral responsibility .......................... 105 Proportionality of moral responsibility . .............. 106 Irrevocability of self-determined freedom ............. 107 Finite self-determined freedom ................... 108 Quality of Self-determined Freedom .................. 110 Ongoing influence of God ...................... 111 Original constitution of an agent .................. 112 Previous decision of an agent .................... 113 Decisions of other agents ....................... 114 Divine Foreknowledge ............................ 116 Openness of the Future ......................... 117 God who risks ............................ 117 God in time .............................. 118 Omni-resourceful God ....................... 120 Conditional prophecies ....................... 122 Content of Divine Foreknowledge ................... 126 Unconditional Prophecies ........................ 126 Sovereignty of God .............................. 134 Prayer .................................... 138 The Fall and Evil ............................... 143 Prehistoric Fall and Evil ......................... 143 Victory over the Fall and Evil ...................... 148 Historic fall and evil ......................... 148 Natural evil .............................. 156 Ministry of Christ ........................... 162 Summary and Conclusion ............................. 171 4. THE GREAT CONTROVERSY THEODICY: DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS ............................. 176 Introduction ..................................... 176 General Background .............................. 176 Ellen G. White ............................... 176 Theological Context of White's Theodicy ............... 179 White's Writings on Theodicy ...................... 183 Analysis of the Great Controversy Theodicy ................. 187 Free Will .................................... 188 Nature of Free Will .............................. 189 Divine Foreknowledge ............................ 194 Eternity ................................... 194 Content of Divine Foreknowledge ................... 196 God Who Risks .............................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Theodicy: God's Sovereignty & Human Freedom
    1 The Foundation for Adventist Education Institute for Christian Teaching Education Department – General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists RELIGIOUS FAITHS AND THE PROBLEM OF EVIL: A BIBLICAL PERSPECTIVE Lael Caesar, Ph.D. Andrews University 4th Symposium on the Bible and Adventist Scholarship Riviera Maya, Estado Quintana Roo, Mexico March 16-22, 2008 2 RELIGIOUS FAITHS AND THE PROBLEM OF EVIL: A BIBLICAL PERSPECTIVE Lael Caesar Andrews University Introduction Beyond these introductory remarks, this paper, on the enigma of the existence of evil, proceeds in four stages. Stage One Stage one presents definitions of three terms—‘theodicy’, ‘pain’, and ‘suffering’. Needless to say, agreement on the meanings of these terms allows reader and writer to stand on common ground with regard to their use throughout the paper. Stage Two In stage two, following the definitions, and under the rubric of “Some Religious Perspectives on Pain and Suffering”, the paper reviews a number of faiths, ancient and modern, on their attitude to pain and/or suffering. The review serves to locate the paper’s subsequent arguments on suffering and evil within a global perspective. Stage Three Thereafter, discussion on suffering and evil reflects on a pair of ironies I find of considerable significance for Christian theodicy. Note that this paper offers no exhaustive answer on theodicy [as defined below]. Rather it proposes the sine qua non for beginning any biblically based Christian theodicy. Theodicies in general are doomed to fail to the extent that they give inadequate address to the question of evil’s origins. In Bart Ehrman’s opinion, humanity’s most important question concerns why we suffer.
    [Show full text]
  • An Anselmian Approach to Divine Simplicity
    Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers Volume 37 Issue 3 Article 3 7-1-2020 An Anselmian Approach to Divine Simplicity Katherin A. Rogers Follow this and additional works at: https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy Recommended Citation Rogers, Katherin A. (2020) "An Anselmian Approach to Divine Simplicity," Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers: Vol. 37 : Iss. 3 , Article 3. DOI: 10.37977/faithphil.2020.37.3.3 Available at: https://place.asburyseminary.edu/faithandphilosophy/vol37/iss3/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at ePLACE: preserving, learning, and creative exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faith and Philosophy: Journal of the Society of Christian Philosophers by an authorized editor of ePLACE: preserving, learning, and creative exchange. applyparastyle "fig//caption/p[1]" parastyle "FigCapt" applyparastyle "fig" parastyle "Figure" AQ1–AQ5 AN ANSELMIAN APPROACH TO DIVINE SIMPLICITY Katherin A. Rogers The doctrine of divine simplicity (DDS) is an important aspect of the clas- sical theism of philosophers like Augustine, Anselm, and Thomas Aquinas. Recently the doctrine has been defended in a Thomist mode using the intrin- sic/extrinsic distinction. I argue that this approach entails problems which can be avoided by taking Anselm’s more Neoplatonic line. This does involve AQ6 accepting some controversial claims: for example, that time is isotemporal and that God inevitably does the best. The most difficult problem involves trying to reconcile created libertarian free will with the Anselmian DDS. But for those attracted to DDS the Anselmian approach is worth considering.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Doubting God's Goodness: Life in a Time of War Rich Nathan May 20
    Doubting God’s Goodness: Life in a Time of War Rich Nathan May 20, 2012 Apologetics: Doubting God Series Ephesians 6:10-12 I recently heard Dr. Greg Boyd, a pastor from Minneapolis, give the following illustration. I’m expanding on it with a huge degree of pastoral liberty. But the basic idea came from Dr. Greg Boyd. Imagine its June 5, 1944. You are living in France and have rented a beach house and you are planning to vacation with your family on the beach at a place called Normandy. You’ve been working hard all year and are looking forward to kicking back, relaxing, drinking good French wine, swimming in the surf with your children, and enjoying the beach for the next month. Well, to your surprise, that night, June 5, 1944, the sounds of planes flying overhead disturb your sleep. Paratroopers start dropping into your yard. And in the morning, before dawn, flotillas of landing craft land on just the spot you’ve planted your beach umbrella. You, of course, are very upset especially after one of the beach invaders breaks your favorite beach chair when he rolls over it with his tank. And then you have to contend with all the shooting and shells that are landing in your yard. You are in the backyard trying to get a little peace as you lie in your hammock. You finally lose your patience and start screaming at everyone, “Stop it! Stop it! I’m on vacation!” Dr. Boyd’s point was that the problem most Christians have and, indeed, most people have with all of the suffering and pain that exists in our world is that we basically believe that life should be like a vacation instead of like a war.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ecumenical Movement and the Origins of the League Of
    IN SEARCH OF A GLOBAL, GODLY ORDER: THE ECUMENICAL MOVEMENT AND THE ORIGINS OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS, 1908-1918 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Notre Dame in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by James M. Donahue __________________________ Mark A. Noll, Director Graduate Program in History Notre Dame, Indiana April 2015 © Copyright 2015 James M. Donahue IN SEARCH OF A GLOBAL, GODLY ORDER: THE ECUMENICAL MOVEMENT AND THE ORIGINS OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS, 1908-1918 Abstract by James M. Donahue This dissertation traces the origins of the League of Nations movement during the First World War to a coalescent international network of ecumenical figures and Protestant politicians. Its primary focus rests on the World Alliance for International Friendship Through the Churches, an organization that drew Protestant social activists and ecumenical leaders from Europe and North America. The World Alliance officially began on August 1, 1914 in southern Germany to the sounds of the first shots of the war. Within the next three months, World Alliance members began League of Nations societies in Holland, Switzerland, Germany, Great Britain and the United States. The World Alliance then enlisted other Christian institutions in its campaign, such as the International Missionary Council, the Y.M.C.A., the Y.W.C.A., the Blue Cross and the Student Volunteer Movement. Key figures include John Mott, Charles Macfarland, Adolf Deissmann, W. H. Dickinson, James Allen Baker, Nathan Söderblom, Andrew James M. Donahue Carnegie, Wilfred Monod, Prince Max von Baden and Lord Robert Cecil.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Transcript
    Naked Bible Podcast Episode 165: Q&A 22 Naked Bible Podcast Transcript Episode 165 Q&A 22 July 1, 2017 Teacher: Dr. Michael S. Heiser (MH) Host: Trey Stricklin (TS) Dr. Heiser answers your questions related to: Source material showing Jesus’ existence When a believer receives the Spirit of God Balaam’s error related to geography Seventy archangels in Jewish studies Theosis Which events in Genesis 1-11 are literal Whether Adam and Eve pooped Transcript TS: Welcome to the Naked Bible Podcast, Episode 165: our 22nd Q&A. I'm the layman, Trey Stricklin, and he's the scholar, Dr. Michael Heiser. Hey, Mike, how are you doing? MH: Pretty good, pretty good. Been staying busy, as usual. TS: Yeah. I just want to mention that we talked about how we were going to do our voting for the next book that we're going to cover on the podcast on July 1. We've added another interview, so we're actually going to start the voting on July 15th and run it through August 7th. That's when the voting's going to begin on the what the next book we're going to cover will be. MH: That's good. So in other words, I have a little more time to contact the Russians to have them influence the outcome of our vote, correct? TS: No comment on that. (laughter) The Russians or the Vatican, I don't know who you want to reach out to. The aliens? I don't know. MH: The Rosicrucians, the Templars..
    [Show full text]
  • Forgiveness 52-With Refs
    Uganda’s Road to Peace May Run through the River of Forgiveness: Designing Playable Fictions 1 to Teach Complex Values Sasha Barab, Indiana University, USA Tyler Dodge, Indiana University, USA Edward Gentry, Indiana University, USA Asmalina Saleh, Indiana University, USA Patrick Pettyjohn, Indiana University, USA ABSTRACT While gaming technologies are typically leveraged for entertainment purposes, our experience and aspiration is to use them to encourage engagement with global, politically-sensitive issues. This chapter focuses on our game design concerning the struggle of Uganda, a design that allows players to experience the atrocities and inhumane conditions and, by illuminating such values as peace and justice, helps them more generally to appreciate the moral complexity of a humane intervention. Rather than theoretical constructs to be debated in the abstract, the ethical struggles involved in determining a humane intervention in the game setting are grounded in different Non-Player Characters’ perspectives and operationalized within the underlying game dynamics. Beyond reporting on the designed game, the chapter draws the reader into the struggles of designing such an ethically contentious game. KEYWORDS curricula, design, designer, ethics, fiction, game, identity, immersion, interactivity, learning, play, player, role, story, storyline, values, videogame 1- To appear in K. Schrier & D. Gibson (ed.) Ethics and game design: Teaching values through play (Vol. II). IGI Global, Hershey, PA. INTRODUCTION One of the most persistent problems of this period is how to reconcile conflicting goals in the aftermath of severe criminality…. The regime responsible for crimes against humanity or genocidal behaviors [remains] as part of a bargain by which its impunity was “purchased” in exchange for its voluntarily relinquishment of power (Falk, 2000, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Faust Succumbs to Temptations of Economic Mephistopheles, Or, Value by Any Other Name Is Preference
    ENVIRONMENTAL FAUST SUCCUMBS TO TEMPTATIONS OF ECONOMIC MEPHISTOPHELES, OR, VALUE BY ANY OTHER NAME IS PREFERENCE Carol M. Rose* THE ECONOMY OF THE EARTH: PHILOSOPHY, LAW, AND THE ENVI- RONMENT. By Mark Sagoff. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1988. Pp. x, 271. $29.95. In several of the chapters to his new book, Mark Sagoff begins by telling some story to frame the remainder. One of these is particularly significant for the book: Sagoff retells a New Yorker joke in which the Devil tells the new entrants to Hell that they are leaving right and wrong behind, and entering a world of mere preferences (p. 99). The Devil signifies for Sagoff the economics-oriented policy analyst, and the story is prophetic because by the end of the book, that old prefer- ence-counting Devil has caught up with Sagoff. The word "environment" appeared in the titles of several of the earlier essays on which-the book is based,' but the book has wisely subordinated that E-word to a subtitle; despite the frequent invocation of natural wonders and scenic areas, the book doesn't really focus on the environment until the last chapter. Nope, this book is about that other E-word, Economics, which is so favored by the Devil. More specifically, at least until that last chapter, the book is about how dev- ilishly daffy economists are when they talk about the environment. Sagoff thinks their clever confusions are at best distracting and at worst antidemocratic (pp. 10, 95-97), and if we don't watch out, they are going to lead us off the ethical path and straight down the road to perdition.
    [Show full text]
  • Literature Review
    New Insights and Directions for Religious Epistemology http://www.newinsights.ox.ac.uk Literature Review Analytic epistemology experienced a monumental resurgence in the latter part of the twentieth century. A short paper by Edmund Gettier launched a frenzied era of original research into the nature of some of our central epistemic concepts, e.g., knowledge, justification, rationality, belief, defeat, and evidence. The excitement of Gettier’s challenge to the view that knowledge is justified true belief drew interest from a wide range of very talented philosophers. Formidable figures such as Fred Dretske, John Pollack, Robert Nozick, Roderick Chisholm, Alvin Goldman, Marshall Swain, David Armstrong, Alvin Plantinga, William Alston, Richard Swinburne, and Gilbert Harman, to name just a few, published widely on the foregoing epistemic concepts. This outpouring of original research meant that new theoretical tools and insights became available for application in philosophy of religion. Religious epistemology, taking advantage of this resurgence in mainstream epistemology, experienced a new era of original research. William Alston, Nicholas Wolterstorff, Alvin Plantinga, and Richard Swinburne all played a particularly central role in this resurgence. Alston, in his popular book Perceiving God, argued that religious beliefs held by way of religious experience are just as justified as our regular or quotidian perceptual beliefs. In his masterpiece Warranted Christian Belief, Plantinga, inspired by (i) the notion of a basic belief in the epistemic theory of foundationalism, (ii) his proper functioning account of warrant, and (iii) John Calvin’s theology, defended the position that Christian beliefs are warranted if true. The broad outlines of his position came to be labeled “Reformed Epistemology.” Wolterstorff, in his Reason within the Bounds of Religion, provided an elegant and sophisticated account of the role religious belief play in an agent’s overall epistemic “web” of beliefs.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is Causation?
    What is Causation? Stathis Psillos INTRODUCTION When we philosophers think about causation we are primarily interested in what causation is what exactly is the relation between cause and effect? Or, more or less equivalently, how and in virtue of what is the cause connected to the effect? But we are also interested in an epistemic issue, viz., the possibility of causal knowledge: how, if at all, can causal knowledge be obtained? The two issues are, of course, conceptually distinct but to many thinkers, there is a connection between them. A metaphysical account of causation would be useless if it did not make, at least in principle, causal knowledge possible. Conversely, many philosophers, mostly of an empiricist persuasion, have taken the possibility of causal knowledge to act as a constraint on the metaphysics of causation: no feature that cannot in principle become the object of knowledge can be attributed to causation. As we shall see, though philosophers have thought about causation for ages, there is hardly an agreement as to what causation is. Perhaps, this is reason enough to be sceptical about the whole prospect for a single and unified metaphysical account of causation. Perhaps, what we are trying to figure out causation is not one single condition with a determinate nature. But this crisis in the foundations of causation is no reason for despair. After all, we can know a lot about what causes what without knowing what causation is or better, without being committed to the view that causation is one single thing in the world. Causation is too precious to be given up.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae of Alvin Plantinga
    CURRICULUM VITAE OF ALVIN PLANTINGA A. Education Calvin College A.B. 1954 University of Michigan M.A. 1955 Yale University Ph.D. 1958 B. Academic Honors and Awards Fellowships Fellow, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, 1968-69 Guggenheim Fellow, June 1 - December 31, 1971, April 4 - August 31, 1972 Fellow, American Academy of Arts & Sciences, 1975 - Fellow, Calvin Center for Christian Scholarship, 1979-1980 Visiting Fellow, Balliol College, Oxford 1975-76 National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowships, 1975-76, 1987, 1995-6 Fellowship, American Council of Learned Societies, 1980-81 Fellow, Frisian Academy, 1999 Gifford Lecturer, 1987, 2005 Honorary Degrees Glasgow University, l982 Calvin College (Distinguished Alumni Award), 1986 North Park College, 1994 Free University of Amsterdam, 1995 Brigham Young University, 1996 University of the West in Timisoara (Timisoara, Romania), 1998 Valparaiso University, 1999 2 Offices Vice-President, American Philosophical Association, Central Division, 1980-81 President, American Philosophical Association, Central Division, 1981-82 President, Society of Christian Philosophers, l983-86 Summer Institutes and Seminars Staff Member, Council for Philosophical Studies Summer Institute in Metaphysics, 1968 Staff member and director, Council for Philosophical Studies Summer Institute in Philosophy of Religion, 1973 Director, National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Seminar, 1974, 1975, 1978 Staff member and co-director (with William P. Alston) NEH Summer Institute in Philosophy of Religion (Bellingham, Washington) 1986 Instructor, Pew Younger Scholars Seminar, 1995, 1999 Co-director summer seminar on nature in belief, Calvin College, July, 2004 Other E. Harris Harbison Award for Distinguished Teaching (Danforth Foundation), 1968 Member, Council for Philosophical Studies, 1968-74 William Evans Visiting Fellow University of Otago (New Zealand) 1991 Mentor, Collegium, Fairfield University 1993 The James A.
    [Show full text]
  • Geokartenbrief 378
    New maps, atlases and Neue Karten,Karten, AtlantenAtlanten und books comprising all Handbücher aus allenallen subjects of regional geogeo-- Themenbereichen der graphy, at the same time regionalen Geographie,Geographie, supplement service to zugleich NachtragedienstNachtragedienst Geo GeoKataloaGeoKatalog 2. zum GeoKatalog 2. Karl No. 373788 / 379379 2017-1/22017-1/2 Frequency ofof publication:publication: quarterly as aa digitaldigital newsletter.newsletter. 737 237 ';‘-% .f :• 736 236 -7 7. 03"2) 735 235 2016 - trrilletTelietT4311, T 255 2017 - 1p5n rpvis 1137y 201.7 - n1 me-11313) 205 Map extractextract from the new map series:series: "Yisra'el"Yisra'el -- IsraelIsrael -- TopographicTopographic Map Map 1:25 1:25 000000", ", see p. 1515 We trusttrust thatthat ourour customerscustomers willwill IILHLH —– InternationalesInternationales understand that sometimessometimes therethere LandkartenhausLandkartenhaus may be priceprice alterations. GeoCenter GmbH Wir bittenbitten umum VerständnisVerständnis dafür,dafür, Kurze Straße 40 dass wirwir unsuns Preisänderungen Preisänderungen D-70794D-70794 FilderstadtFilderstadt vorbehalten müssen. Germany www.ilhwww.ilh-stuttgart.de-stuttgart.de SKETCH MAP OF GEOGRAPHICAL ROUGH CLASSIFICATION Includedlncluded inin thisthis dassificationclassification are: 100100 Earth, 730 Oceans,Oceans, 900 Space.Space. For individual areas see GeoKatalog 2, sections 010,0f 0, 011,0l l, andand redred dividers.dividers. KARTENSKIZZE DER GEOGRAPHISCHEN GROBEINTEILUNG Aus derder SkizzeSkizze nichtnicht ersichtlichersichtlich sind: 100100 Erde, 730730 Ozeane,Ozeane, 900 WeltallWeltalL Einzelne GebieteGebbte siehe GeoKatalog 2, TeileTeile 010, 011,0l l, andand rotesrotes GriffregisterGriffregster 71O (t- / I /fi .., GeoKatalog 2 Spring // SummerSummer 20172017 • page 1 • Geosciences GeoKartenbrief 373788 // 379379 Welcome to GeoKartenbrief 373788 / 379 which lists new general and geogeoscientfficscientific maps and atlases made avallableavailable since January 2012017.7. All ftemsitems contained in GeoKartenbrief are availableavallable from ILH.
    [Show full text]
  • The Principle of Plenitude and Natural Theology in Nineteenth-Century
    BJHS, 1986, 19, 263-282 The Principle of Plenitudeand NaturalTheology in Nineteenth-CenturyBritain RICHARD R. YEO- I In his classic study, The GreatChain of Being,Arthur Lovejoy delineated a complexset of concepts and assumptionswhich referredto the perfectionof God and the fullnessof creation. In attemptingto distil the basicor 'unitidea' which constitutedthis patternof thought, he focusedon the assumptionthat 'theuniverse is a plenumformarum in which the range of conceivablediversity of kinds of livingthings is exhaustivelyexemplified'. He called this the 'principleof plenitude'.Lovejoy argued that this idea impliedtwo others-continuity and gradation-and that togetherthese reflecteda pre-occupation with the 'necessity of imperfectionin all its possible degrees',a concernwhich had pervadedWestern thought since Plato and gave riseto the powerfulontology known as the 'greatchain of being'.' AlthoughLovejoy's approach to the historyof ideashas been criticized,2 this need not imply that the conceptshe discussedare no longerof interestto intellectualhistorians or historiansof science. Rather,it suggestsa need for historicalsensitivity to the different formulations of those ideas in specific contexts. William Bynum canvassed this alternative in an essay dealing with the possible fate of the chain of being in the nineteenthcentury, a periodwhich lay outsideLovejoy's survey. Lovejoy's pursuit of his theme and its manifoldpermutations ended in the lateeighteenth century, with the thesis that the chain of being acquireda temporaldimension and was thus transformedinto a chain of becoming.In makingthis point, Lovejoyrevealed the inherenttensions in the 1 A. O. Lovejoy, The Great Chain of Being. New York, 1960, p. 52,338. For a recent account which stresses the principle of plenitude as 'the very foundation of the Chain of Being', see L.
    [Show full text]