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Envisioning the Tale of Genji- Media, Gender, and Cultural Production.Pdf Envisioning “The Tale of Genji generated not only ongoing interest among read- ers but also new ideas and materials, often involving different me- dia for at least eight hundred years. This fine collection of essays by American and Japanese scholars gives us a complete picture of just how fecund the Genji has been. It is must-reading for scholars of Japanese literature and makes an invaluable secondary text for anyone who wants to convey the enormous procreative power of the most canonical and popular of all Japanese literary texts.” The Tale of Genji Tale The Steven Carter, Stanford UniverSity Bringing together scholars from across the world, Haruo Shirane presents a fascinating portrait of The Tale of Genji’s reception and reproduction over the past thousand years. Essays examine the can- onization of the work from the late Heian through the medieval, Edo, Meiji, Taishō, Shōwa, and Heisei periods, revealing its pro- found influence on a variety of genres and fields, including modern nation building. They also consider parody, pastiche, and re-creation of the text in various popular and mass media. Contributors follow the issue of gender and cultural authority, looking at the tale’s func- tion as a symbol of Heian court culture and as an important tool in women’s education, and discuss achievements in visualization, from screen painting and woodblock prints to manga and anime. Taking up such recurrent themes as cultural nostalgia, eroticism, and gen- der, this book is the most comprehensive history of the reception of The Tale of Genji. “Crossing the premodern–modern divide, this collaborative work s an hir provides a comprehensive history of the reception, interpretation, c olumbia university press and adaptation of the Genji. Particularly laudable is the book’s atten- nkew yor cup.columbia.edu tion to visual transfigurations of the text. It leaves one amazed by the E Envisioning phenomenon that is the Genji across time.” Cover imaGe: Studio of Iwasa Matabei, Battle of the Carriages, Tokugawa period, mid-17th century. , Sonja arntzen, UniverSity of toronto Six-panel folding screen; ink, color, gold, and gold leaf E di on paper, 152.4 × 360.7 cm, John c. weber collection T or ThE TalE of Genji haruo shiranE is Shincho Professor of Japanese Literature in PhoTo: John bigelow taylor and Cover desiGn: martin n. hinze media, gender, cultural production the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures at Colum- printed in the u.s.a. bia University. He is the author and editor of numerous books on Columbia haruo shiranE Japanese literature, including Traditional Japanese Literature: An editor Anthology, Beginnings to 1600; Early Modern Japanese Literature: An Anthology, 1600–1900; and Classical Japanese: A Grammar. envisioning Th e Tale of Ge nji Studio of Iwasa Matabei. Battle of the Carriages (detail). Mid-seventeenth-century six-panel folding screen, in ink, color, gold, and gold leaf on paper. 152.4 × 360.7 cm. John C. Weber Collec- tion, New York City. Aoi’s white-robed attendants push strenuously at the shafts to move Rokujō’s carriage off to the left. (photo: john bigelow taylor) envisioning Th e Tale of Ge nji Media, Gender, and Cultural Production edited by Har uo Shir ane Columbia University Press New York Columbia University Press Publishers Since 1893 New York Chichester, West Sussex Copyright © 2008 Columbia University Press All rights reserved Library of Congress Cata loging- in- Publication Data Envisioning the Tale of Genji : media, gender, and cultural production / edited by Haruo Shirane. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-231-14236-6 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-231-14237-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-231-51346-3 (e-book) 1. Murasaki Shikibu, b. 978? Genji monogatari. 2. Murasaki Shikibu, b. 978?—Infl uence. 3. Murasaki Shikibu, b. 978?—Appreciation. 4. Arts, Japanese. 5. Arts and society—Japan. I. Shirane, Haruo, 1951– II. Title. PL788.4.G43E58 2008 895.6'314—dc22 2007052280 Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid- free paper. Printed in the United States of America c 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 p 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Designed by Lisa Hamm Contents Preface vii Ac know ledg ments ix Note to the Reader xi 1 Th e Tale of Genji and the Dynamics of Cultural Production: Canonization and Popularization 1 haruo shirane Part I Th e Late Heian and Medieval Periods: Court Culture, Gender, and Repre sen ta tion 2 Figure and Facture in the Genji Scrolls: Text, Calligraphy, Paper, and Painting 49 yukio lippit 3 Th e Tale of Genji and the Development of Female- Spirit Nō 81 reiko yamanaka 4 Monochromatic Genji: Th e Hakubyō Tradition and Female Commentarial Culture 101 melissa mccormick 5 Genre Trouble: Medieval Commentaries and Canonization of Th e Tale of Genji 129 lewis cook vi Contents Part II Th e Edo Period: Warrior Society, Education, and Pop u lar Culture 6 Didactic Readings of Th e Tale of Genji: Politics and Women’s Education 157 haruki ii 7 Genji Pictures from Momoyama Painting to Edo Ukiyo- e: Cultural Authority and New Horizons 171 keiko nakamachi 8 Th e Splendor of Hybridity: Image and Text in Ryūtei Tanehiko’s Inaka Genji 211 michael emmerich Part III Th e Meiji, Taishō, and Prewar Shōwa Periods: National Literature, World Literature, and Imperial Japan 9 Th e Tale of Genji, National Literature, Language, and Modernism 243 tomi suzuki 10 War time Japan, the Imperial Line, and Th e Tale of Genji 288 masaaki kobayashi Part IV Th e Postwar Shōwa and Heisei Periods: Visuality, Sexuality, and Mass Culture 11 Th e Tale of Genji in Postwar Film: Emperor, Aestheticism, and the Erotic 303 kazuhiro tateishi 12 Sexuality, Gender, and Th e Tale of Genji in Modern Japa nese Translations and Manga 329 yuika kitamura Chapter Titles of Th e Tale of Genji 359 Selected Bibliography on Th e Tale of Genji and Its Reception in En glish 363 Contributors 371 Index 375 Preface Envisioning Th e Tale of Genji: Media, Gender, and Cultural Pro- duction is about the profound impact that Th e Tale of Genji has had on Japanese culture for more than a thousand years. Much has been written about the remarkable narrative that Murasaki Shikibu composed in the early eleventh century—its plot, its characters, its setting, its language, and its relation to earlier poetry and literature—but little has been written about the equally remarkable infl uence that Th e Tale of Genji has had on Japa nese culture, an impact greater than that of any other single work of Japa nese literature. Today, both in and outside Japan, the Genji is synony- mous with Japa nese literature and culture. Th e contributors to this book, experts in diverse fi elds, examine the complex relationship between Th e Tale of Genji as the pinnacle of high culture and Th e Tale of Genji as a phenomenon of pop u lar culture, looking at it not only in the context of the commentary tradition, text- books, and modern nation building, but also as the object of parody and pastiche and the subject of works in such diverse forms as illus- trated books, ukiyo- e, theater, fi lm, manga, and anime. Envisioning Th e Tale of Genji analyzes the roles of literary genre (poetry, fi ction, com- mentary, modern novel), media (painting, nō theater, ukiyo- e, printed book), and education in both the canonization and the popularization of the Genji, paying par tic u lar attention to the relationship between written text and visual culture, which played a major part in re- creating and re- envisioning of Th e Tale of Genji over the centuries. Th is book also addresses gender in relation to cultural production. By the end of the medieval period, Th e Tale of Genji had come to be regarded as a major symbol of Heian court culture. Having been written by a viii Preface woman mainly about women and for women, it became closely associated with the portrayal of aristocratic women in fi ction, poetry, painting, and nō. By the Edo period, the Genji had also become an integral but problem- atic part of women’s education. Th e Tale of Genji’s female authorship and depiction of amorous relationships, particularly Genji’s illicit aff air with Fujitsubo, the emperor’s chief consort and Genji’s stepmother, made the tale a repeated target for harsh criticism—fi rst by Buddhist writers in the medieval period, then by Confucian scholars in the Edo period, and fi - nally by critics in the Taishō and prewar Shōwa periods. Envisioning Th e Tale of Genji takes up where Inventing the Classics: Modernity, National Identity, and Japa nese Literature (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2000), edited by Tomi Suzuki and me, leaves off . Inventing the Classics, which also was published in Japa nese and Ko- rean editions, is the fi rst book to examine seriously the canonization of noted works of classical Japa nese literature and their relationship to power, authority, and academic institutions. While examining a wide range of major texts—from the Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters) to Th e Tales of the Heike to the puppet plays of Chikamatsu Monzaemon—there was not enough room to address fully three related major issues—the can- onization of Th e Tale of Genji, the role of popu lar culture, and the re- creation and cannibalization of classical texts by a variety of media—that lie at the heart of this book. For this reason, Inventing the Classics and Envisioning Th e Tale of Genji should be read together.
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