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32172 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 11,., 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE NEW YORK POST ON THE warhead deal it is offering. In addition, it share Star Wars technology with the Soviet SUMMIT .wants to scrap all new weapons systems. Union and other nations once the system U.S. officials argue that without separate was ready to be tested and deployed. sub-limits, that plan would allow the Soviet As a "confidence-building measure," HON. JIM COURTER Union to keep most of its 6400 land-based Reagan also has offered to let Soviet scien­ OF NEW JERSEY stragetic arsenal intact, while forcing the tists visit Star Wars laboratories during the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES U.S. to make deep cuts in its own interconti­ research. nental and submarine-launched missile The latest Reagan proposals have been Thursday, November 14, 1985 force. greeted with a "nyet" from Gorbachev and Mr. COURTER. Mr. Speaker, with the Moscow's proposal to scrap all new weap­ there is little hope the issue will be resolved Reagan-Gorbachev summit fast approach­ ons systems would allow the Soviets to keep at the summit. ing, it is helpful to have a program of the their deadly mobile SS-24 and SS-25 missile Salt II: This accord, negotiated by Presi­ force, while requiring the U.S. to get rid of topics that will be discussed and the posi­ dent Carter and Brezhnev in 1979, expires the Midgetman missile, the Stealth Bomber Dec. 31. tions to be taken by both sides. The follow­ and D-5 missile programs. Although it was never ratified by the U.S. ing article from the New York Post pro­ Reagan recently proposed a treaty limit­ both sides claim to be abiding by its princi­ vides a complete, concise tour of the hori­ ing both sides to 4500 warheads-a 53 per­ ples. zon for summit spectators, and I urge my cent reduction in the 's 6400 Reagan has stated frequently that the colleagues to familiarize themselves with land-based missile forces in return for equal­ treaty is "flawed," and will make a decision this information, as many of us will be ly deep cuts in the 5754-warhead U.S. sub­ later in the year on whether the U.S. will called upon to comment upon and analyze marine missile force. continue to honor it. The U.S. proposal also calls for "sub­ the results of the meetings between the two Gorbachev, whose predecessors used the limits," establishing a 1500 missile ceiling on treaty to embark on a massive military heads of state. air-launched cruise missiles and reducing buildup, will press Reagan to continue to [From the New York Post, Nov. 13, 19851 the number of strategic bombers on the abide by it. WHAT THE SUMMIT IS ALL ABOUT Soviet side form 423 to 350, and allowing Reagan will be armed with a detailed list the U.S. to increase its bomber force from of Soviet violations of the treaty, which he 325 to 350. The summit meeting of President Reagan will recite to Gorbachev. Intermediate forces in Europe: The most In the interests of public relations and as and next week has been contentious items for Moscow. carefully orchestrated so they will have a gesture of good faith, Reagan probably When the U.S. deployed Pershing and will agree to Gorbachev's request. time to explore in detail the entire range of Crusie missiles in Europe to counteract the the U.S.-Soviet relationship. Nuclear non-proliferation: The U.S. and estimated 2100 Soviet SS-20 missile force, the Soviets have a "shared interest" in pre­ The talks have been broken down into Moscow launched a propaganda blitz four areas: arms control, regional conflicts, venting Third World countries from acquir­ against the deployment and, when that ing capability. human rights and bilateral issues. There failed, the Soviets walked out of the first will be 26 subjects discussed in nine hours of A strong statement about this issue will be round of arms control negotiations. issued. A similar statement on non-prolifera­ meetings between the two leaders. The U.S. so far has deployed about 100 Because of the complex issues and con­ tion of chemical weapons is expected, even missiles and has scheduled 140 more by the though both sides are building a stockpile of tinuing disagreements, both sides hold out end of the year. little hope of substantial breakthroughs on Reagan has proposed freezing the planned these weapons-the U.S. doing so to catch arms control and regional issues. 576 intermediate force in Europe at 140, up to the Soviet Union. Both agree that earlier hopes to have while requiring Moscow to reduce its force Regional conflicts: Reagan plans to make Reagan and Gorbachev sign a far-reaching to 130 in Europe and halve its SS-20 force a major issue of Soviet and Cuban mis­ joint communique will not be fulfilled. aimed at Asia. chief-especially in Afghanistan, , Here are the major issues: Moscow's proposal continues to count Angola and Cambodia. Arms control: A lot of noise but little British and French missile forces in any In his UN speech last month, the Presi­ movement on this, the dominant issue. equation on this issue-a demand the U.S. dent unveiled a three-tiered proposal to At earlier meetings between Secretary of finds unacceptable. settle disputes in these hot spots with U.S.­ State Shultz and Soviet Foreign Minister Recently some progress has been made. Soviet "guarantees" of regional settlements Shevardnadze in Helsinki, both sides pushed Moscow has signaled its intention to split and a withdrawal of all foreign forces from for an "agreement in principle" similar to the intermediate force negotiations from the conflicts. one signed by President Ford and Leonid the other two areas and seek an early settle­ The Soviets, on the defensive here, react­ Brezhnev in Vladivostok in 1975, which ment on the issue-a plan that the U.S wel­ ed negatively-accusing the U.S. of trying to committed both sides to serious negotiations comed. "drown" the arms control debate with other that led to the SALT II accords. Star Wars: With Reagan's commitment to issues. But last week, during Shultz' trip to Star Wars and Gorbachev's commitment to The U.S. view is that there can be no Moscow, it become clear that the two sides killing it, the program remains the most progress in U.S.-Soviet relations without set­ were too far apart for such an agreement. controversial item and the area where con­ tlement of smaller conflicts that could U.S. and Soviet negotiators now are work­ frontation is likely. easily flare up into a superpower confronta­ ing on general "guidelines," as well as a Gorbachev has made the scrapping of tion. joint statement of commitment to arms con­ Star Wars a condition for any agreement U.S. and Soviet officials hold out little trol. limiting offensive nuclear arms. The U.S. hope for progress in this area in Geneva. Arms control negotiations have been split has said that Moscow is so far ahead in of­ There are some signs for hope in the into three areas: strategic nuclear systems, fensive systems that Star Wars is the only future, however, especially in Afghanistan, intermeditae-range missile systems in way the U.S. will be able to maintain deter­ where U.S. officials believe Gorbachev is Europe and space weapons. rence in th 21st century without an arms looking for a way out to avoid high econom­ Strategic weapons: Both sides have pro­ control accord. ic, manpower and morale costs. posed a 50 percent reduction in nuclear war­ The Gorbachev proposals that call for a Mideast: When Reagan raises regional heads and a 6000-missile ceiling. ban on all research for "space strike weap­ issues, Gorbachev is expected to counter The problem is how to achieve this. ons" also appear to be cleverly phrased to with a demand that the Soviet Union be Moscow wants to count NATO's planned protect Moscow's own strategic defense pro­ brought into the Mideast peace process. 576 medium-range missiles, U.S. bombers gram, which is aimed at building a missile The Soviets have been looking for years and air-launched cruise missiles in Europe defense system on the ground. for a way to match U.S. influence in the as well as all British and French nuclear Reagan has put in writing what he has Mideast, and Gorbachev sees an opening in missile forces as part of the 50 percent 6000- been saying for years-that the U.S. would the wake of King Hussein of Jordan's call

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member of the Senate on the floor. Boldface type indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. November 14, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32173 for an international conference in which all proposing that he and Gorbachev hold regu­ THREATS TO THE NATIONAL FAMILY PI.ANNmG five members of the UN Security Council lar sessions each year to maintain momen­ PROGRAM will participate. tum on arms control and other negotiations. U.S. officials, who already have had talks on the Mideast with the Soviets this year, next year and is willing to travel to the say Gorbachev will find Reagan receptive to Soviet Union in 1987. Fifteen years ago, I was proud to sponsor this idea. There will be a price, however. The Kremlin has not responded, but if the legislation to make family planning services Reagan will demand major concessions on Geneva sessions go well, look for Gorbachev available to all women seeking to avoid un­ Afghanistan as well as normalization of dip­ to okay a U.S. visit next October. intended pregnancies. I am pleased to say lomatic relations with . Normalization Terrorism: Reagan plans to use the recent that this landmark legislation-title X of of relations with Israel will require Gorba­ kidnaping of Soviet diplomats in Beirut to the Public Health Service Act-has grown to chev to ease the Soviet Union's rigid policies press Gorbachev to join his campaign become one of the most sensible, cost-effec­ on Jewish emigration. against international terrorism. In Moscow tive preventive health care programs the Soviet officials claim Israel is more inter­ last week, the Soviets agreed to sign a joint Federal Government has funded and it re­ ested in this than the Kremlin. mains to this day one of the legislative ac­ Human rights: There is no single issue statement on this. How much substance will be behind the complishments of which I am most proud. that has put the Kremlin more on the de­ Given title X's long-held success, I am not fensive. words remains unclear, given the history of pleased to say that this program is in seri­ Despite all the kissing of babies and care­ Soviet involvement with anti- terror ous danger of being defunded or amended to fully staged handshakes with workers by organizations like the PLO, the Red Bri­ death by the current Congress. Gorbachev, he discovered during his trip to gades and the Baader-Meinhoff gang. A sinall faction of Congressmen and Sena­ Paris that he still has an Achille's heel on Commercial aviation: Reagan in 1983 sus­ tors backed by right wing vigilantes are pro­ this issue. pended all commercial flights between the posing amendments to title X which pervert The Reagan administration has insisted U.S. and the Soviet Union after the downing the original intent of the legislation by sig­ that there can be no progress in the U.S.­ of Korean Airlines Flight 007. U.S. officials nificantly lliniting access to family planning Soviet relationship until human rights for hope an agreement to restore flights can be services. They want to force out of the title Eastern bloc citizens improve. signed. X program thousands of family planning The Soviets have countered by stating Sports exchanges: Both sides were stung providers who, in the course of sound and that there are human rights problems in by the boycotts of each other's Olympic accepted medical practice, offer abortion the U.S., caused by racial tensions, unem­ Games in 1980 and 1984 and want to restore counseling and referrals to patients. They ployment and the homeless. sports competitions. also want to mandate that physicians serv­ They further argue that human rights are Reagan and Gorbachev are expected to ing teenagers through the title X program best served by full employment, free health sign an accord that would create regular patient confidentiality by requiring care and inexpensive housing-which are sports exchanges and provide for a series of them to notify parents of services provided. provided to all Soviet citizens. visits by track and field, basketball, hockey They want to dictate to the State of Mary­ Despite all the tough talk, there has been and chess teams. There also may be a pledge land and to private medical providers what an easing of tensions on this issue. by both sides to attend future Olympic services can be provided to the citizens of Shultz told Kremlin leaders in Moscow Games. Maryland with non-Federal funds. When last week that the U.S. is willing to press Education exchanges: An agreement may the power of the Federal Government is the issue with quiet diplomacy-and not be signed, similar to the one with China, with "shouting matches"-if the Soviets used to establish law to compel submission providing an exchange of up to 13,000 stu­ to a code of morality defined by a few, it ease up a little. dents and teachers from each side. Gobachev approved the release of Andrei fails as law and becomes oppression. Consular exchanges: Expect an agreement I am appalled when I read that the Kemp Sakharov's wife, Yelena Bonner, hr medical allowing the U.S. to establish a consulate in treatment. and Hatch amendments are intended to end U.S. officials expect a dramatic guesture Kiev and the Soviets to place one in New "an outrageous distortion of the intent of from Gorbachev hours before the summit­ York. Congress." As an author of the title X legis­ possibly the release of Sakharov himself. A U.S. delegation recently was taken on a lation, I assure you this program today is Defectors: Gorbachev will press Reagan tour of Kiev to look at potential sites for a doing exactly what we intended it to do: pre­ not to grant asylum to Soviet defectors. new U.S. building. venting unintended pregnancies and reduc­ Gorbachev may go so far as to hold out ing the need for abortion. against any progress on human rights or In 1983, close to 5 million women received other bilateral issues if Reagan refuses. SUPPORT FOR TITLE X family planning services through federally U.S. officials say Reagan is certain to tum supported family planning programs. Gorbachev down, citing long-standing U.S. Most of these women were young, poor policy on human liberty. HON. MICHAEL D. BARNES and medically needy. Title X programs avert 800,000 pregnan­ The issue could emerge as a major point OF MARYLAND of confrontation. cies a year, half of them among teenagers. Bilateral issues: The fourth and final sub­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Title X programs prevent more than ject of the summit, this is the area where 400,000 abortions a year. there is most likely to be progress. Thursday, November 14, 1985 Each dollar invested in family planning by U.S. officials argue that progress here will Mr. BARNES. Mr. Speaker, I would like the Government in any one year yields a go a long way toward easing superpower to call my colleagues' attention to the fol­ savings of two dollars in the following years tensions and toward creating "people-to­ lowing statement on the family planning in health and welfare costs associated with people exchanges and a climate of greater unintended births. understanding. program by former Maryland Senator Title X has received broad bipartisan sup­ Trade: Gorbachev, who must establish a Joseph D. Tydings. As an author of the port over the years, allowing the young and new five-year plan to lift the Soviet econo­ original title X legislation-the intent of the poor unrestricted access to health care my out of its doldrums, will offer proposals which was to enable all Americans to services. George Bush joined me in cospon­ to increase East-West trade with an empha­ obtain family planning services if they soring the original title X legislation in sis on high tech, energy and economic items. wished to do so-Senator Tydings is well 1970. signed it into law. The Reagan, keenly aware of Gorbachev's qualified to address the dangers of current title X program has only recently become a needs, insists this will not come without a controversial or politically charged issue. A price. efforts to limit access to services and force vocal, persuasive minority of legislators and The U.S. might waive for one year the providers out of the program. the current administration are using title X 1974 Jackson-Vanik amendment, which As Senator Tydings points out, the family to advance a narrow-minded agenda against placed large tariffs on Soviet goods, in planning program has enjoyed broad, bi­ family planning and reproductive freedom. return for a break-through on Soviet-Jewish partisan support over the years. It is nei­ If right wing interests succeed in denying emigration. ther a controversial nor a "left-wing" pro­ family planning to poor women and teen­ Other trade barriers that limit the export gram, but an effective deterrent unwant­ agers, their next move will be to interfere of computer technology and heavy non-de­ to with the access of all Americans to family fense machinery also may be on a list of ed pregnancies and abortion which has planning methods. U.S. concessions. provided much-needed services and infor­ As a former public official, I know the Regular summits: Reagan, who once dis­ mation to millions of women. power of public opinion and public outcry in missed the value of summit meetings, now is The statement follows: shaping public policy. For the sake of those 32174 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 11,., 1985 served by the title X program and for the mist in the world end to end, you could pre­ capacity, from early childhood through sake of the personal freedoms of all Ameri­ dict one result: they still would not be able adulthood, learning more as the world itself cans, I call on all concerned citizens of to reach a conclusion. In fact, it is not im­ changes. Such a society has as a basic foun­ Maryland to deliver the message to Con­ portant that we do reach a conclusion. dation the idea that education is important gress to support title X without the pro­ During the past almost two decades-as a not only because what it contributes to posed restrictive and damaging amend­ professor in a postsecondary institution, as one's career goals but also because of the ments. These moral vigilantes must not go a legislative aide on Capitol Hill in Washing­ value it adds to the general quality of one's unchecked. ton, D.C., and as the Assistant Secretary for life." . Educational Research and Improvement in The National Commission noted that at the U.S. Department of Education for four the heart of the Learning Society remained DR. DONALD SENESE FEATURED years-! have had an unique opportunity to a commitment to learning opportunities far SPEAKER AT WVCCA CONFER­ watch the great growth of our community beyond the traditional institutions, schools ENCE college system. It is an unique system and and colleges clearly into homes, workplaces, its greatest attribute is its diversity. This di­ art galleries, and museums. Any institution versity allows the community college to which the individual can develop and HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II adjust to its geographical setting-urban, mature can contribute to a Learning Socie­ OF WEST VIRGINIA rural or suburban-and to the nature of the ty. Observing that formal schooling for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES community. youth can provide the essential foundation Thursday, November 14, 1985 This diversity and ability to adjust has for learning throughout one's life, it warns been the strength of our community college that without life-long learning, the skills of Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, we, in West system. Aside from these just mentioned the individual will become rapidly dated. Virginia, are very proud of our outstanding qualities, the community college must be a Doesn't this define the role and future chal­ community college system. During the place committed to excellence in education. lenge for the community colleges of our month of October, the West Virginia Com­ I do not mean excellence in the same nation? munity College Association [WVCCA] held sense or with the type of structured curricu­ Before I mention specific avenues of ap­ lum that we expect in our postsecondary in­ proach, allow me to cite two developments its annual conference. stitutions, our colleges and universities. Cer­ we need to be aware of in our country: One of the featured speakers at this con­ tainly, I think we are past the age of accept­ future trends in higher education and ference was Dr. Donald J. Senese, who ing the myth that our community colleges future trends in economic developments. served for 4 years as the Assistant Secre­ are a wasteland, a so-called dumping ground The period of the 1970's and the 1980's tary for Educational Research and Im­ for those who lack the ability or fortitude have been periods of rapid change for insti­ provement in the U.S. Department of Edu­ or determination to pursue studies in a four­ tutions of higher education as in the early cation (1981-84). Dr. Senese made a year institution. 1970's we saw college enrollments up be· number of points relevant to the West Vir­ The community college is rather a new cause of the "baby boom". In recent years phenomenon on the American scene. In we have witnessed enrollments in our insti· ginia Community College System and ap­ 1862, the Morrill Act, named for Senator tutions of higher education augmented by plicable to community colleges throughout Justin Morrill of Vermont, established land the increase attendance of women, part· our country. grant colleges, sometimes called "people's time students, and older students. In citing I would like to call attention of my col­ colleges," which included both subject this development, the 1985 report on "The leagues to his remarks by entering into the matter and students previously excluded Condition of Education," issued by the Na­ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Dr. Senese's re­ from higher education. The debate raged tional Center for Education Statistics of the marks, titled "Community Colleges: A New here over the "practical" versus "liberal" U.S. Department of Education, observed Road to Educational Excellence." education as well as the very function of a that many of these students are oriented postsecondary education. This debate in the toward the world of work with students fo­ COI.IU4UNITY COLLEGES: A NEW ROAD FOR latter part of the nineteenth century helped cusing on such fields as business and man­ EDUCATIONAL EXCELLENCE pave the way for similar battles fought by agement, health professions, and computer : Coming Changes in Our School Systems," Today, I would like to discuss with you "To encourage and facilitate lifelong learn­ the Wall Street Journal, March 3, 1981, p. some general ideas-as well as a few sugges­ ing, with community as process and prod­ 30). This development offers a great oppor­ tions-for new directions for the community uct." tunity for community colleges for during a colleges. Along this same line, I hope all of us real­ period when individuals may need to pre­ Usually whenever the topic of community ize that the education reform reports have pare themselves for three or four career colleges come up at meetings of educators, messages for the community colleges. Cer­ changes in a lifetime, the community col· there is prolonged debate over the meaning tainly the health of our elementary and sec­ lege may be catering to the high school of the term "community college," a focus on ondary schools relates directly to the type graduate or the person with a completed "the mission" of community colleges, or an of programs which will be offered for enter­ doctorate. attempt to redefine the whole educational ing students. Community colleges, like four­ The other trend we should be aware of is debate in terms of the community college year postsecondary institutions, should not the changing nature of our economy. Old lexicon

November 11,, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32175 percent of our current population's work community we serve? Do we promote pro­ "Think and Grow Rich" and "Grow Rich!­ force. The current two most popular occu­ ductivity through people? With Peace of Mind." The most recent pational classifications in our present socie­ We also need at the community college adaption of these principles can be found in ty are clerk, and then professional. We have level to give recognition to our outstanding "Success Through a Positive Mental Atti­ more people employed in higher education teachers. We should not be hesitant to con­ tude" by Napoleon Hill and W. Clement than in agriculture. sider a "master teacher" status or endowed Stone. The community college bridges this gap as chairs in our own institutions. These principles, known generally by the we move into a fundamental economic struc­ Third, this means excellence in students. generic term "science of success," have been tural change in our society. It must be ready This is one of the most critical factors in offered to corporate executives, adult learn­ to prepare a workforce for new industries building a strong community college body of ers, inmates in prison, and inner city youth and service occupations as well as assisting learners and alumni. This is especially im­ with very positive results by improving indi­ dislocated workers preparing for retraining portant for community colleges where a vidual self-esteem and confidence, aiding in­ and new career opportunities. The commu­ large majority of those who complete dividuals to set goals, and aiding these indi­ nity colleges aid us in different regions of courses and programs will remain in the viduals in accomplishing these goals by a our country with some stack industries, new community. steady application of these principles. These high-t:.ech industries, low-tech industries, We had a population explosion of stu­ 17 principles are in rural areas. nation to increase access and opportunities taught as learners work on specific tasks to As the community colleges focus on a role for many who years earlier would not have apply these principles to their own lives. In­ for the 1980's and beyond, there are some gone on to education beyond high school. dividuals such as W. Clement Stone, Og specific actions which can be taken. Let me However, we also discovered that many of Mandino, and others and organizations like highlight some of the most notable follow­ these students were not sure why they had the Napoleon Hill Foundation are active in ing on your theme of excellence in educa­ gone on to higher education or what they promoting these self-help concepts. Perhaps ,. tion. were expected to contribute or to get back during a time that our educational system First, there is excellence in curriculum. As from their college education. It is a condi­ may seem like a ship without a rudder, com­ community college leaders develop new tion pervasive through our educational munity colleges might take the initiative courses and programs, they must be willing system-students not sure why they are and the lead incorporating "science of suc­ to establish and keep high standards. Lower taking certain courses or the relevance of cess" courses in their curriculums as mean­ standards may attract more students but it these courses to their future, students seek­ ingful additions to the courses and pro­ will also harm the community college's rep­ ing merely to "get by" earning a "C" grade grams already offered. utation as people will rush to judgment or just passing, students putting forth mini­ Fourth, there is excellence in school and viewing the entire community college pro­ mum effort with no goal in mind, and stu­ business partnerships. The changes we are gram as a short step up from a high school dents not sure of the direction of their lives. experiencing in our economy and will expe­ vocational education. We are wasting valuable human resources if rience in future years present community Excellence is not defined only in terms of we are not aiding students to develop a phi­ colleges with the challenge to be more re­ the liberal arts or professional preparation losophy of self-help, individual improve­ sponsive to a changing environment and at such as medicine. In "A Nation at Risk," ex­ ment, goal-setting, and then assisting them the same time to respond in both creative cellence is defined in several ways-for the to devise a strategy to reach these goals. and constructive ways to the new economic individual, it is defined as the means to test It is significant that this year we are cele­ changes. Community college administrators and push back personal limits and for the brating the 150th anniversary of the birth and faculty must not only study national school or college, it represents the setting of of Andrew Carnegie, who built his reputa­ trends in the economy but must also be inti­ high expectations and goals for all learners tion and made his fortune residing in the mately familiar with local trends, data, and and then tries in every way possible to assist neighboring state of Pennsylvania. Born in developments to seize the initiative for new learners to reach these lofty goals. Finally, Scotland, he was one of the great entrepre­ opportunities. it is defined for a society which accepts ex­ neurs in our country and built the steel in­ Let me cite three brief examples. The City cellence as a goal and tries in every possible dustry during the period of the Industrial College of Chicago is working on a special way to prepare its citizens for the chal­ Revolution in the United States. In that project in southeast Chicago retraining un­ lenges of a rapidly changing world. The famous article published in the North employed steel workers for jobs as security -. community college with this commitment to American Review of June of 1889 entitled guards, sanitation engineers, and factory excellence can aid our society in reaching "The Gospel of Wealth," he maintained workers working with robotics. They have high employment, economic health, and in­ that the wealthy should serve as trustees acquired a building from one of the compa­ creased productivity. for the benefit of the public as a whole and nies and are building another building as a Second, there is excellence in teaching. followed his own advice becoming well training center in the very neighborhood This represents the effort to recruit an out­ known as a philanthropist providing funds hard hit by cutbacks in the steel industry standing faculty and one that meets the for the study of science and the humanities and the resulting unemployment. Practical changing needs in the community. It may and establishing public libraries throughout training is being provided for jobs that exist require selecting individuals with real work­ our country. Carnegie gave birth to a in the local area. ing experience in the field as well as aca­ project which I believe h8.$ special relevance Northern Virginia Community College demic credentials, combining the best of the for those in the service of community col­ with its five campuses in Northern Virginia practical and the theoretical. We appreciate leges. began 20 years ago in a small facility which it best not by a study of one's own institu­ Andrew Carnegie, while being interviewed gave it at that time the name "Warehouse tion but a study of the administrators, by a young reporter named Napoleon Hill in U." In these two decades, it has grown from teachers, and successful learners from suc­ 1908, expressed his concern that each gen­ 350 students to 56,000 full and part-time cessful community colleges throughout our eration had to discovery the secrets of suc­ students making it the second largest com­ state, our region, and our nation. This "out­ cess. He felt that similar to mathematical munity college in the world. The size is not reach" can help us to end academic isolation and scientific formulas, the elements of per­ as important as the service provided. The plus provide a fertile field for new ideas. Ex­ sonal success could be identified, quantified, secret of its success, and a lesson that other cellent teachers along with excellent admin­ and applied to specific situations by each community colleges can follow, has been istrators create excellent community col­ generation. He desired not only to leave regular contact with business leaders and a leges which tum out excellent learners. It money but a formula for others to emulate partnership developed so that businesses takes a conscious effort as well as a commit­ his success as part of his lasting legacy to supply the colleges with the latest and ment to be introspective and evaluate one­ posterity. He challenged young Napoleon sometimes expensive hardware so that the self objectively in order to achieve excel­ Hill to devote years of study to identifying colleges in tum can train future employees. lence. A good starting place is taking the at­ these principles of success by interviewing The major goals of NVCC has been to tributes of a well run company as defined by the most successful individuals of the time supply job programs to residents who want Thomas J. Peters and Robert H. Waterman, in different fields and he offered his assist­ to enter local industries and thus we find Jr., in "In Search of Excellence: Lessons ance in introducing him to these individuals. that it offers 92 occupational and technical From America's Best-Run Companies" and applying years on this research publishing the results local needs as Northern Virginia has moved these standards to our own educational in­ of his research in 1928 in eight volumes into a changing, high-tech environment. stitution. It will cause us to raise such ques­ under the title, "Law of Success." We may The President of the college meets regularly tions as: Are we action oriented? Are we be more familiar with the shortened and up­ with the chief executives of two dozen com­ close to our customers, the learners and the dated versions published under the titles of panies in Northern Virginia to keep aware 32176 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 14, 1985 of changing economic needs and opportuni­ KENNETH KAUNDA'S MESSAGE that leaders look forward to. A huge press ties. corps has assembled at the UN this week. Another notable example is taking place Leaders of the nations that are world in the state of Oregon and was related to me HON.CHARLESB.RANGEL powers can beckon the news media when by a public official very interested in the OF NEW YORK they want. But for others, especially Afri­ outcome, Mr. William Bain, the Director of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES can leaders, it does not work that way. the Department of Assessment and Tax­ Thursday, November 14, 1985 Those leaders do not often have the chance ation for Lane County . Oregon. It to express their views to the world press. is an example of what enlightened leader­ Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, we in the But this week at the UN it is different. And ship can accomplish with initiative and West are far enough removed from the tur­ yesterday, after he finished his address, imagination. A candy factory burned down moil in so that it is easy for Kaunda met with reporters. in the Portland, Oregon area and the com­ us to speak from a position of moral supe­ He used that session, as he had with his pany considered rebuilding on two other riority. When President Reagan defends speech earlier, to "warn the rest of the sites, including one out of state. An energet­ , he does so by world of the impending disaster." ic group of businessmen and community col­ He told reporters he favored tough sanc­ lege leaders from Lane County got together saying what is best for the nonwhite major­ tions against South Africa. "It's quite clear and met with company officials to make an ity. His advisers use untested theories ex­ in our minds that something has to be appeal for them to consider locating in Lane plaining the detrimental effects of sanc­ done," he said. He said that sanctions were County. A site was offered near a major tions, while ignoring the rising tide of civil "the better of two evils," that no sanctions highway Interstate 5. This leadership then rebellion against Pretoria's racist economic means sending a signal to 29 million people suggested that because of the location the and political system. that they are on their own. He said applying company open a retail store and offer tours Those who have failed to view South sanctions was a way for the rest of the of the candy factory, two ideas which the Africa within the context of African history world to say it was sick and tired of apart­ company officials had not considered in have committed a grave error. Pretoria heid. their plans to rebuild the factory. Sensing "We are at a very important juncture," he the opportunity available for employing be­ may look to the West for its cultural roots, said. "Either we act or it will be like it was tween 150 to 300 employees in this oper­ but it cannot avoid the fact that it is also with Hitler; we will let millions of people ation, the Lane County Community College located in Africa with African citizens, Af­ die." is taking steps to establish a Masters in Con­ rican neighbors, and uniquely African He said, "Sanctions at this juncture will fectioners program. The company has now traits. For this reason, we must pay careful hurt us, and hurt us badly, but without agreed to locate in Lane County opening a attention to the words of Kenneth Kaunda, sanctions there will be a violent explosion." factory with a retail store and factory tours. the respected President of Zambia. His is one of the frontline states

' 32182 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 11,., 1985 dertaken. It will drastically complicate the "[Since their development in the mid- is certain: For the Soviets, a single large­ task of U.S. strategic planners, just as the 1970sl, the Kiev-class carriers have provided deck aircraft carrier is better than none at potential of the U.S. Navy's carrier strike the Soviets valuable experience to apply to all. force has for years complicated the Soviet's the development of their new [large-deck] overall war-fighting plans." aircraft carrier," said RAdm. Butts. "Also, RAdm. Tuttle, a Naval Aviator who was Kiev is a much more capable ASW platform FARM CREDIT Commander Battle Force Sixth Fleet prior with greater endurance than the earlier to assuming his present position, described Moskva-class, a much more capable air de­ the U.S. Navy carrier battle group as an fense platform, and a formidable-looking HON. LEE H. HAMILTON awesome force of massed power necessary ship for naval diplomacy-showing the OF INDIANA for a variety of national purposes. "This is flag." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in very large measure due to the long evolu­ Adm. Hayward called the Kiev-class ships tion of U.S. aircraft carrier classes, carrier "excellent. Many navies in the world could Thursday, November 14, 1985 capable multimission aircraft and the dedi­ use a ship of this category, including the Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would cated, highly trained crews man them," he U.S.," he said. "However, to compare it with like to insert my Washington Report for said. "While the U.S. did not invent all of a U.S. Navy carrier is disingenuous. The Wednesday, November 13, 1985, into the the unique equipment necessary for a varie­ Kiev is much more like the Royal Navy In­ ty of fixed-wing aircraft to operate from a vincible class, though it contains consider­ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: seagoing flight deck, our Navy has unques­ ably more overall firepower." FARM CREDIT tionably carried the integrated development Besides the limitations in aircraft per­ Agricultural issues keep appearing on the of a cohesive, orchestrated and very power­ formance, the Kiev-class carriers are inferi­ congressional agenda this year. First was a ful whole to heights undreamed of by the or in size, steaming endurance and offensive bill to give f&.rmers more credit ; then came the omnibus farm bill system." tops. (passed by the House, pending in the The aircraft carrier's major role in West­ "The bow section is clearly the business Senate). Another critical farm issue is loom­ em tradition has been power projection, ac­ end of the ship," said RAdm. Tuttle. "The ing: The Farm Credit System . holder cording to RAdm. Tuttle. "This is in keep­ [Kiev's] flight deck and aircraft are experi­ of the largest share of agricultural loans, is ing with the U.S. Navy's mission under Title ments whose mission and functions are still in the worst shape of its 50-year history, 10 U.S. Code, to conduct prompt and sus­ in the [operational] test and evaluation and could collapse without help. tained combat operations at sea in support stages.'' The FCS is a federally-chartered network of national policies," he said. "In this sense, Adm. Moorer agreed. "[The Soviets] are of 37 banks and 800 associations coopera­ and given today's high-tech military capa­ simply following a long-range goal of devel­ tively owned and operated by its member­ bilities, the aircraft carrier and its main bat­ oping and operating large aircraft carriers borrowers. It is regulated by the Farm tery, the embarked and versatile [90-plus and the VTOL [Kiev] was nothing more Credit Administration and harassment of opposi­ the Governor of the FCA stated that, with­ by notifying me of any incorrect or dupli­ tion leaders increased. Then, last March, a out federal help, the system could collapse cate mailings.> broad group of the Nicaraguan opposition in 18-24 months. formally proposed a cease-fire and national Several remedies to help the FCS have dialogue leading to new elections. It was re­ been proposed. One is direct federal loans or DISILLUSIONMENT OF ARTURO buffed. grants. FCS banks could use the funds to CRUZ The broadened state of emergency im­ absorb loan losses and restructured debts, posed two weeks ago, brutally suppressing which would help prevent further interest HON.ROBERTJ.LAGO~INO basic rights and liberties, is only the latest rate hikes for borrowers. A second proposal OF CALIFORNIA in a continuum of Sandinista repression­ would set up a holding company to purchase their standard response to serious opposi­ problem loans or land acquired by foreclo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion. sures. The holding company would stabilize Thursday, November 14, 1985 When advocates of peaceful conflict-reso­ land values by keeping land off the market, Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, lution repeatedly have doors slammed in their faces, the choices narrow. One can and could reduce interest rates to farmers Arturo Cruz was the Sandinista's first Am· by not requiring them to share the costs of either give up or fight. The events of the bad loans. Third, interest rate buydowns for bassador to the United States. He then past year, from the elections until the farmers, subsidized by lenders and the fed­ became disillusioned with their failure to present, represent doors slammed shut on eral and state governments, could help pro­ live up to the goals they had set for the opportunities for peaceful change. Thus, in­ ducers keep up with payments. Proponents future of Nicaragua and he then joined the stead of being closer to peace today we are argue that without federal aid, investor political opposition to the Sandinistas. He further away than ever. funds will dry up, good borrowers will flee, had been the primary political opponent to In the year that has elapsed since Nicara­ and there will be further bank liquidations Daniel Ortega in last year's Presidential gua's phony elections, Central America has and farm foreclosures. elections until Sandinista restrictions on grown more mistrustful of Managua's inten­ Critics of such federal aid plans argue tions, the number of Nicaraguan refugees that they are designed to help FCS bond­ the campaign made it clear the elections has increased, the economy is collapsing and holders more than farmers; that they focus would only be a sham. The real will of the the erosion of popular support for the gov­ too much on the FCS, and ignore other in­ people could not be discerned from the re­ ernment has reached critical levels. stitutions that lend to farmers holding elections of lest November. As long as the Sandinistas shun negotia­ o/s of farm debt; that they could lead to un­ In reviewing the events of the past year tions with their internal and external oppo­ ending federal aid unless changes are made since those mock elections, Arturo Cruz sition, Nicaragua's problems will continue to in farm policy to improve farmers' income; stresses the democratic resistance forces multiply. All this has led many Nicaraguan and that they could be enormously expen­ are genuinely committed to democracy and, democrats to ask: When one party to a con­ sive to the federal government at a time of flict is more dedicated to preserving its own tight budgets. They point to alternatives to as such, represent a legitimate opposition power than to the national interest, when it help the FCS without making the American force to the Sandinistas in Nicaragua. Cruz makes a travesty of elections, stifles inter­ taxpayer bear most of the burden. In one says there should be no doubt in the minds nal opposition and spurns negotiations, plan, the federal government would guaran­ of the Sandinistas that the democratic re­ what recourse is left for its adversaries but tee FCS bonds in exchange for discounting sistance in Nicaragua is a force to be reck­ resignation or armed resistance? the value of outstanding bonds-in effect oned with and that the Sandinistas cannot Yet we will not achieve our goals by rely­ making FCS bondholders pay for saving the continue to avoid negotiations because that ing simply on armed resistance. We in the system. Discounting the bonds could enable is the only hope for peace in Nicaragua. Unified Nicaraguan Opposition, the new the system to reduce the interest rate in I urge my colleagues to read the follow­ umbrella organization of the Nicaraguan re­ charges farmers. ing commentary by Arturo Cruz which ap­ sistance, are aware that the most compel­ The FCA recently proposed a rescue pack­ ling force to democratize the Sandinistas is age to the Congress. The plan, which could peared in the November 8 issue of the Los the opposition's own genuine commitment cost $5-6 billion includes a line of credit to Angeles Times. to democracy. This reality must not be over­ the FCS, to be repaid, with interest, when OPPOSITION HAs A DUTY IN NICARAGUA looked. To achieve lasting peace, totalitari­ the system is more stable. Before the feder­ anism must give away to pluralism through al government will be willing to rescue the Last year at this time a critical opportuni­ reconclliation. But first, polarization must FCS, it will require the FCS to use its own ty to achieve peace in Nicaragua was squan­ give way to a consensus both among Nicara­ resources and increase the dered. By going through with the November guans and those abroad who influence FCA's regulatory power over the system. 1984, elections, in which only small or divid­ them. The dilemma is to try to restore the sys­ ed parties participated, the Sandinistas kept In the United States, such a consensus tem's stability, maintain the availability of their promise that real power would not be began to take shape last June, when Con­ affordable farm credit, and keep govern­ at stake. gress voted $27 million in non-lethal aid to ment involvement and costs to a minimum. I was nominated by the Democratic Coor­ Nicaraguan rebel forces. The basts of the I do not think that the passage of time dinator coalition to run against Sandinista agreement between Congress and the Ad­ alone will restore stability . to the system. presidential candidate Daniel Ortega, but minlstration was the pursuit of a political Congress and the President are likely to after exhausting efforts to obtain a fair solution and respect for hwnan rights on work toward a comprehensive, long-term so­ electorial contest, our campaign withdrew. the part of the armed resistance. lution to assist the FCS. A solution will not In reality, we were forced out by the ruling In light of this fledgling consensus, it is be easy. Any federal action to assist the FCS militaristic . critical to recognize that the success of the will set a precedent for dealing with other The tangled story of Nicaraguan elections Nicaraguan opposition movement and the troubled lending institutions. While main­ exceeds the scope of this page. Suffice it to succesa of U.S. policy overlap on one crucial taining local involvement, more regulation say, however, that if the electoral process point; the abllity of the opposition to act as and structural changes in the system will had been conducted seriously, the prospects a truly democratic resistance movement. probably be required. A solution might also of ending our civil war would have been This is the key to ensure that widespread inlcude federal insurance and a reserve greatly enhanced. The Sandinistas chose popular discontent with the Sandinistas build-up to avoid a recurrence of the prob­ otherwise, and as a result Nicaragua's prob­ translates into broad support for the opposi­ lem. An enormous amount of money will be lems have been greatly compounded. tion. There would then be unquestionably necessary, and that would increase the fed­ There is a direct link between today's valid reasons for the United States to con­ eral budget deficit noticeably. Congress events and those of last November. In the tinue aid. And, most important, the exist­ must ensure that both the assistance and past year the civil war has intensified­ ence of a strong consensus might finally the burdens are distributed equitably. No above all because of the Sandinistas' con­ induce the Sandinistas to negotiate with matter what the President and the Congress stant refusals to heed our pleas for national their internal dissidents and the armed re­ do, the risks and costs to the public will reconclliation. The sham elections were only sistance. likely increase. one example. Afterward an attempt at na­ For this to occur, however, we must be While Congress will not allow the largest tional dialogue-welcomed by political mod· clear above all on one point: Placing the re­ network of agricultural lenders to fail, the erates searching for a vehicle to resolve Ni­ sistance movement's commitment to peace solution will not meet everyone's expecta­ caragua's grave problems-quickly broke through democracy beyond doubt would tions. down due to Sandinista bad faith. Mean- leave the Sandinistas with no more excuses 32184 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 14, 1985 for evading their historical responsibility This means the U.S. is, and probably will explosive power equivalent to 250 tons of for peace with the Nicaraguan people. remain, wide open to a terrorist attack from TNT but, according to nuclear-weapons ex­ any country that has the resources and will perts, that easily could be raised to 7 kilo­ to steal or construct nuclear weapons, such tons, meaning equivalent to 7000 tons of NUCLEAR TERRORISM: A VERY as Libya or Iran. It also means the Soviets TNT. This weapon, known as the SADM REAL THREAT could make precise strikes against key tar­ , is gets in the U.S. without any interference not the limit in smallness. The Department from a "Star Wars" defense. Dr. Thomas of Energy, which controls U.S. nuclear­ HON. HOWARD WOLPE Amlie, former technical director of the weapons development and production, is OF MICHIGAN Naval Weapons Center at China Lake, trying to get funds for a smaller one, while IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Calif., notes wryly: "A hand-carried device the thousands of nuclear artillery shells in should be accurate to within a foot, which is the superpower arsenals have warheads Thursday, November 14, 1985 a lot better than any ICBM that I know of. compact enough to fit into an overnight Mr. WOLPE. Mr. Speaker, I urge my col­ Their main problem could be finding a bag. On only a slightly larger scale the cone­ space in the Pentagon car park." shaped warhead on the MX missile, which leagues to review the following article The problem is not new. On Sept. 20, 1945, which presents a compelling and very trou­ has an explosive power of 335 kilotons, while the ashes of Hiroshima and Nagasaki measures about 2 by 3 feet and weighs only bling picture of American vulnerability to were still smoldering, a top-secret Pentagon 250 pounds. "There is absolutely no reason nuclear terrorism. As we approach the report warned: "The present bomb is com­ to believe that Soviet weapons-designers American-Soviet summit meetings, it is ap­ posed of parts of such weight and size that a these days are any less skilled at miniatur­ propriate that we focus on the serious strong man can handle any of them alone. A ization than our own," says David Isby, an problem of controlling the superpowers quantity of these bombs could be distribut­ authority on the Soviet Inilitary who serves arms race. However, we cannot afford to ed and assembled stealthily throughout the as a consultant to Congress and the Penta­ major cities of the United States." Prevent­ gon. "In any case, it is far easier to minia­ exclude from our agenda the equally seri­ ing their arrival and secret assembly, the ous problem of so-called horizontal nuclear turize a device if it does not have to with­ report went on, "would rquire a regimenta­ stand the stresses of being fired from a gun proliferation. We lose ground with each tion of individual freedom of action to a passing day that we fail to confront what is or traveling through space on a missile." degree which would be repugnant to the It is certainly true that the Department of clearly one of our most perilous of all American people." Energy has taken steps to deal with a threat pending threats-the prospect of nuclear Terrorism was not then considered the from nuclear terrorists. Nuclear Emergency explosives getting into the hands of terror­ scourge it is today. What alarmed policy­ Search Teams are in constant readiness at ists. As this article notes, the potential for makers in the 1940s and 1950s was the possi­ Andrews Air Force Base, outside Washing­ this sort of catastrophe has been acknowl­ bility that the Soviets, even without inter­ ton, D.C., and at McCarran International continental bombers and missiles, would Airport in Nevada. They are trained to find edged since the very first days of atomic have little trouble getting a nuclear weapon weaponry. A top-secret Pentagon report, to a U.S. target. A top study for the Nation­ and disarm nuclear bombs. But they operate written 40 years ago, warned: on the assumption that the purpose of such al Security Council in 1957 outlined how a a bomb would be blackmail, so that it would The present bomb is composed of parts of clandestine nuclear attack on selected Stra­ not be let off without some kind of warning. such weight and size that a strong man can tegic Air Command bases ''could seriously In a military attack against strategic targets handle any of them alone. A quantity of curtail SAC operations with a possibly deci­ in the U.S., however, there would be no these bombs could be distributed and assem­ sive effect on the outcome of the nuclear such warning. bled stealthily throughout the lnajor cities exchange." A 10-megaton weapon detonated of the United States. in New York, the study added, "would avoid Bernard J. O'Keefe, who performed a the cost of penetrating New York's relative­ vital last-minute repair job on the bomb It is imperative that Congress act to ex­ ly strong defense against air attacks." Offi­ that destroyed Nagasaki, is chairman of the amine and address this issue. If we are seri­ cials drew up elaborate plans to restrict all executive committee of EG&G Inc. His com­ ous about protecting our national security Communists bloc shipping to isolated ports pany supplies the key personnel for Nuclear and the lives of our citizens, this examina­ on the east and west coasts while expanding Emergency Search Teams, He admits that tion must begin promptly. As part of this the Coast Guard into a huge defense force his men and women could not possibly find effort, I have introduced H.R. 903, the Nu­ against nuclear smugglers. In order to test a bomb without some sort of general infor­ mation, in the form of a threat: "You have clear Explosives Control Act, which is de­ the ways that a nuclear warhead could be brought across our borders, special forces to have some notification. There is no way signed to strenthen our country's nuclear of scouring New York or Washington, D.C., export criteria, offer positive incentives for teams carrying simulated nuclear bombs made dozens of dummy runs using every on the chance that something is there. nations to forego the use of dangerous plu­ conceivable means, including trucks, small There is no surveillance that I can think of tonium and highly enriched uranium in planes and boats. None was intercepted. that would allow you to check if a bomb is their nucleu: energy programs, and to dis­ Such evidence of the difficulty of doing being brought into the country." courage world commerce in U.S.-origin nu­ anything about the "strategic nuclear suit­ The Soviets share our dilemma. clear explosive materials. This is not the case," together with the Soviet ICBM build­ "All sorts of things can be and are smug­ whole solution, but at least it is a solid first up of the 1960s, seems to ha.ve caused high­ gled into the Soviet Union." says Jeffrey level pollcyma.kers to stop thinking a.bout Barrie, a former U.S. military attache in step in the right direction. The "nuclear Moscow. "If a well-organized group wanted genie" is out of the bottle and the challenge this particular threat. Dr. Theodore Ta.ylor, then a leading nuclear-weapons designer, to get a nuclear weapon into the Soviet is to develop and implement responsible took part in a number of secret studies on Union, I think they could do it. The best preventative mechanisms to handle this the subject of nuclea.r terrorism. He ex­ way would be by some combination of train threat. plains that "there was no way you could get and truck transportation. The airports [From the Parade magazine, Nov. 3, 19851 a handle on the problem, so people stopped would be too dangerous-too much securi­ ty." CAN WE STOP A BoMB SMUGGLER? thinking a.bout it so much." Other nuclear strategists point out that Drug traffic into this country is a good ex­ the Soviets would have ha.d less need to use ample of the openness of our own borders. As the U.S. embarks on the multibillion­ smuggled warheads once they had built up a Despite stepped-up surveillance in recent dollar "Star Wars" program to develop a large force of ICBMs. "They might have years along the major drug-entry routes, of­ shield against Soviet ballistic nuclear mis­ problems with timing and coordination in a ficials admit that they have no real idea as siles, defense officials are facing one par­ large-scale attack using smuggled weapons," to the amount of illegal narcotics that flows ticularly frightening problem: It is just as says one former high-level defense official, ln. If the frontiers cannot be sealed against easy to smuggle a nuclear warhead into the "but of course that option could become drugs, it is hardly likely that deadlier car­ United States or any other country as it is very attractive if you really did have a 'Star goes can be excluded. to send it on an intercontinental missile or Wars' system in place." Asked about this problem last March, De­ bomber. With today's technology, nuclear Warhead designers have made strides fense Secretary Caspar Weinberger replied. devices can be made small enough to be car­ since the 1950s in building weapons that are "I come down, when faced with that dilem­ ried by hand and remain almost completely small, powerful and "clean" in the sense ma, with a very simple response: We have to undetectable by even the most sophisticated that they emit hardly any radiation. Our do what is necessary to keep our peace, free­ monitoring equipment. They also are ex­ special forces are trained in the use of the dom and security." The Strategic Defense tremely powerful. 58Ya-pound "nuclear backpack." It has an Initiative Organization, which is developing November 11,, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32185 "Star Wars," says the problem of smuggled bulance, and other related services, drugs, <2> of this subsection, such liability shall be nuclear weapons "is not in our charter." medicines, as appropriate for both diagnosis joint and several. Nothing in this section John Pike, a weapons specialist with the and treatment, and any rehabilitative pro­ shall be construed to affect the equitable Federation of American Scientists, puts it grams within the scope of section 103 of the powers of apportionment of any court fol­ this way: "Suppose 'Star Wars' works. How Rehabilitation Act of 1973 <29 U.S.C. 723). lowing an adjudication of liability. are you going to prevent somebody from <2> DEPENDENT.-The term "dependent" <2> If any defendant in an action under wrapping an H-bomb in a bale of marijua­ means with respect to any deceased person this section establishes by a preponderance na?'' the individual or individuals referred to in of the evidence that the harm for which section 8ll0 of title 5, United States Code, damages are compensable under this title is as in effect on May 10, 1984. divisible, he shall be liable only for his por­ SUPERFUND AMENDMENT AL­ <3> RELEASE.-The term "release" means tion of such harm and shall not be jointly LOWING VICTIMS OF HARM TO the discharge, deposit, injection, dumping, and severally liable. SUE FOR DAMAGES spilling, leaking, storing, treating, or plac­ DEFENSES.- There shall be no liabil­ ing, of any hazardous substance into or on ity under subsection for any defendant land or water or air, except that such term who can establish by a preponderance of HON. shall not include activities referred to in the evidence that the exposure to a hazard­ OF subparagraphs through of section ous substance or the damage resulting from IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 101<22> of the Comprehensive Environmen­ such exposure, was caused solely by one or tal Response, Compensation, and Liability more of the following: Thursday, November 14, 1985 Act of 1980. An act of God. Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, I intend to (4) SUPERFUND TERMS.-The terms "Admin­ istrator", "act of God", "hazardous sub­ An act of war. offer an amendment to the Superfund reau­ stance", and "facility" shall have the same An act or omission of a third party if thorization that would allow persons in­ meaning when used in this title as when the defendant establishes each of the fol­ jured by hazardous substances to sue in used in the Comprehensive Environmental lowing by a preponderance of the evidence: Federal court for damages. The original en­ Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (i) The defendant exercised due care with of 1980. respect to the hazardous substance con­ actment of Superfund was a recognition by cerned, taking into consideration the char­ the Federal Government that the problem SEC. 502. LIABILITY. acteristics of such hazardous substance, in of hazardous waste is a national one and LIABILITY.-Notwithstanding any other light of all relevant facts and circumstances. that there should be a national response. I provision or rule of law, and subject only to the defenses set forth in subsection of The defendant took precautions believe that this national response should this section, the persons described in subsec­ against foreseeable acts or omissions of any encompass those most damaged by hazard­ tion shall be liable for damages to an in­ such third party and the consequences that ous substances, victims of actual harm. dividual if the plaintiff could foreseeably result from such acts or Last year a provision for a Federal cause establishes each of the following by a pre­ omissions. of action was narrowly defeated on the ponderance of the evidence: <2> Paragraph shall not apply in the House floor. In response to many of the <1 > There is a release of a hazardous sub­ case of a third party which is one of the fol­ stance from a facility. lowing: concerns raised by those who supported a An employee or agent of the defend­ mechanism by which victims could sue for <2> The release causes the incurrence of the damages. ant. damages under Superfund but were con­ <3> The damages are compensable under A person whose omission occurs in cerned that some provisions in last year's this title. connection with a contractual relationship, language might result in excessive liability (b) PERSONS LIABLE.-The following per­ existing directly or indirectly, with the de­ for those with minimal or no actual re­ sons shall be liable under subsection : fendant The owner and operator of the facility arrangement arises from a published tariff the amendment to insure that it deals fairly at which the release occurred. and acceptance for carriage by a common with innocent parties. For instance, my <2> Any person who owned or operated the carrier by rail>. <3> No defendant described in subsection amendment states clearly that victims must facility at which the release occurred at the time any hazardous substance was disposed <3> or <4> shall be liable under this sec­ show by "a preponderance of the evidence" of at such facility. tion if he establishes by a preponderance of that the damages claimed were caused by <3> Any person who by contract, agree­ the evidence that both of the following are the hazardous substance in question. Fur­ ment, or otherwise made one of the follow­ minimal in comparison to other hazardous thermore, defenses from liability have been ing arrangements: substances involved in the release which included for de minimus contributors and An arrangement for disposal or treat­ caused the incurrence of damages: innocent landowners. Moreover, the ment by any other party or entity of haz­ The amount of the hazardous sub­ amendment explicitly states that joint and ardous substance owned or possessed by stance involved in the defendant's arrange­ several liability will not apply where the such person, at any facility- ment referred to in subsection <3> and (i) which is owned or operated by another the defendant's transportation referred to harm is shown to be divisible and that the party or entity, in in subsection <4>. court can apportion damages among de­ (ii) which contains such hazardous sub­ The toxic or other hazardous effects fendants once liability is found. Lastly, the stances, of the hazardous substance involved in the amendment specifically protects sovereign from which the release occurred. defendant's arrangement referred to in sub­ immunity, preventing suits against the An arrangement with a transporter section <3> and the defendant's transpor­ United States or any State or local govern­ for transport of hazardous substances tation referred to in subsection <4>. ment. owned or possessed by such person for dis· <4> No defendant shall be liable under this It is clear to me that we need a Federal posal or treatment by any other party or section if he establishes each of the follow­ cause of action in the Superfund law. I entity at any facility referred to in clauses ing by a preponderance of the evidence: m through of subparagraph . That the defendant is the owner of have tried, in my amendment, to respond to <4> Any person who accepts or accepted the real property on or in which the !acUity constructive criticism of last year's lan­ any hazardous substance for transport to is located. guage. What follows is the current draft of disposal or treatment !acUities or sites se­ That the defendant did not conduct or the amendment and I welcome suggestions lected by such person from which such re­ permit the generation, transportation, stor­ on how it might be further improved. lease occurred. age, treatment, or disposal of any hazardous .AMENDMENT TO H.R. 2817, AS REPORTED BY A person described in paragraph <3> or <4> substance at the !acUity. THE COI\OIITTEE ON ENERGY AND COIOIERCE, sl}.all be liable under this section only if the That the defendant did not contribute OFFERED BY MR. FRANK plaintiff establishes by a preponderance of to the release of a hazardous substance at the !acUity through any action or omission. Add at the end the following: the evidence that the type of hazardous substance involved in the disposal or treat­ The defense under this paragraph shall not TITLE V-FEDERAL CAUSE OF ACTION ment referred to in paragraph <3> or <4> be available to a defendant who purchased SEC. 501 DEFINITIONS. causes the type of damages incured by the the real property and who knew or reason­ For purposes of this title: plaintiff. ably should have known that the property (1) MEDICAL COSTS.-The term "medical (C) STRICT; JOINT AND SEVERAL.-(!) The li­ was used for the generation, transportation, costs" means the costs of all appropriate abllity of any person under this title shall storage, or disposal of any hazardous sub­ medical, surgical, hospital, nursing care, am- be strict. Except as provided in paragraph stance. -.·

32186 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 14, 1985 (e) CONTRIBUTION.-After adjudication of ( 1 > Any medical expenses, rehabilitation such expiration> would have been available liability and recovery of damages in any costs, or burial expenses due to personal to such individual under any other author­ action under this section, any defendant injury, illness, or death. ity of law for recovery of the same damages held liable for damages in such action may (2) Any loss of income or profits or any and if the rights of such individual under bring a separate action in the appropriate impairment or loss of earning capacity due such other authority of law (including the United States district court to require any to personal injury, illness, or death. applicable statute of limitations> are equiva­ other person referred to in paragraph <1>, <3> Any pain and suffering which results lent to such individual's rights under this <2>, <3>, or <4> of subsection to contribute from personal injury, illness, or death. title. to payment of such damages. · <4> Any economic loss and any damages to SEC. 509. WORKER'S COMPENSATION. (f) APPORTIONMENT.-Following an adjudi· property, including real and significant dim· No employee, or employee's spouse, de­ cation of joint and several liability in an inution in value. pendent, relative, or legal representative, action under this section, the court may ap­ Pain and suffering shall not be compensable who may assert a claim against the employ­ portion damages among parties held jointly under this title for an individual to the ee's employer under a State or Federal and severally liable. In apportioning the extent that such pain and suffering results workers' compensation law based on the em­ damages the court may consider, among from such individual's unreasonable fear of other factors, each of the following: ployee's workplace exposure to a hazardous experiencing his own physical injury, ill­ substance shall be entitled to recover any <1 > The amount of hazardous substances ness, or death where such individual has not involved. amount under this title from the employee's experienced any such physical injury, ill­ employer, such employer's insurance carri­ <2> The degree of toxicity of the hazard­ ness or death or from such individual's un­ ous substances involved. er, or a fellow employee based on that expo­ rea,s;,nable fear of another person's personal sure. <3> The degree of involvement by the par­ injury, illness, or death where such other ties in the generation, transportation, treat­ person has not experienced any such physi­ SEC. 510. COLLATERAL RECOVERY. ment, storage, or disposal of the hazardous cal injury, illness, or death. No person may bring separate actions in substances, taking into account the charac­ SEC. 506. JURISDICTION: COSTS OF LITIGATION. both the courts of any State and the courts teristics of such hazardous substances. (a) JURISDICTION.-Any action under this of the United States for damages compensa­ <4 > The degree of cooperation by the par­ title may be maintained in a district court of ble under this title which result from harm ties with Federal, State, or local officials to the United States in a district in which caused by the release of a hazardous sub­ prevent any harm to public health or the either the plaintiff or defendant resides or stance. environment. in which the defendant's principal place of SEC. 511. ADDITIONAL RECOVERY. <5> The amount of damages which should justly be attributed to other potentially business is located, ·without regard to the (a) ADDITIONAL .AMOUNTS.-No individual liable parties who are not, and could not be, amount in controversy. Jurisdiction of the who has recovered any amount in an action brought before the court. United States district courts over an action under this title with respect to harm caused under this title shall be concurrent with the by the release of any hazardous substance (g) JoiNDER.-Joinder of claims and per­ jurisdiction of the courts of any State over sons in actions under this section shall be in shall be prohibited from recovering from such an action and nothing in this section the same defendant or defendants an addi­ accordance with the Federal Rules of Civil shall be construed to affect the jurisdiction Procedure. tional amount under this title if- of any State court with respect to any <1> such individual establishes that- (b) COSTS OF LITIGATION.-In issuing any personal injury, illness, or death Upon a motion made by any plaintiff or final order in any action under this part, which becomes manifest after the prior defendant in an action under this title not the court may award costs of litigation such personal injury, illness, or death I· the court shall determine whether all or ness fees> to the prevailing or the substan­ part of the amount for which another joint­ was not known, and reasonably could not tially prevailing party whenever the court have been known at any uncollectible amount among the other SEC. 507. STATE LAW. the time the prior action was brought under jointly liable parties, according to the ratio Nothing in this title shall be construed to this title, and of their previously apportioned share of the preempt, or otherwise affect, any Federal or <2> such individual did not receive com­ damages. The jointly liable parties whose State law, or rule or principle of Federal or pensable damages in anticipation that such shares are reallocated are nonetheless sub­ State law, regarding liability for damages in personal injury, illness, or death would be ject to contribution and to continuing liabil­ connection with any hazardous substance. discovered. ity to the plaintiff. SEC. 508. LIMITATIONS. (b) ACTIONS UNDER OTHER LAw.-An indi· 3-YEAR PERion.-No action may be vidual who previously brought suit in State SEC. 504. EVIDENCE. brought by any individual under this title or Federal court under any other authority The Federal Rules of Evidence shall apply after the end of a 3-year period beginning of law for damages compensable under this in actions under this title. Any information on the later of the following: title which were caused by the release of which tends to establish that exposure to a <1> The date the individual knew that the action under this title for the same damages contributes, or does not cause or contribute, injury, illness, or death or other expense caused by the same release if judgment on to damages compensable under this title of was caused by the hazardous substance con­ the merits was entered or amicable settle· the type or class allegedly suffered by an in· cerned. ment was completed in the prior suit in dividual, shall be treated as relevant evi­ dence in an action under this title, including <2> The date of enactment of this Act. State or Federal court. (b) MINORS AND INCOMPI:TJ:NTS.-The time SEC. 512. CLASS ACTIONS. the following: limitation described in subsection shall <1 > Any toxicological profile prepared not begin to run- It is the policy of the Congress to encour­ under section 116 of the CERCLA Reau­ <1> a&ainst a minor, until that minor age certification of class actions in actions thorization Act of 1985. reaches 18 years of a&e or has had a legal under this title involving common issues of <2> Any health effects study carried out representative appointed; or fact or law. In furtherance of that policy, under section 104(1) of the Comprehensive <2> against an incompetent individual; the Congress finds that. the requirements of Environmental Response, Compensation, until that individual becomes competent or Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Proce­ and Liability Act of 1980. dure are met in actions under this title aris· has had a le&al representative appointed. ing from the same release and presenting <3> An increase in the incidence of injury (C) DAMAGES INCURRED BEI'ORJ: ENACT· or illness, or an increase in the incidence of MENT.-No action may be brou&ht by any common issues of fact or law and involving death, in the exposed population above that person under this title for any damages due 30 or more potential claimants. which is otherwise expected. to the illness, injury, or death of any indi· SEC. 513. PUNmVE DAMAGES. <4> Epidemiological studies. vidual if such dama&es were incurred more In any action under this title, punitive <5 >Animal studies. than 10 years before the date of the enact­ damages may be awarded in the case of con­ <6 >Tissue culture studies. ment of this Act. duct manifesting a conscious, flagrant indif­ <7> Micro-organism culture studies. OTHER STATUTJ:s.-No action may be ference to the safety of those persons who <8> Laboratory and toxicologic studies. brou&ht by an individual under this title for might be harmed by a hazardous substance, SEC. 505. COMPENSABLE DAMAGES. any damages if, prior to the enactment of pollutant, or contaminant and constituting The following damages shall be compensa­ this Act, the statute of limitations has ex­ an extreme departure from accepted prac­ ble under this title: pired for any cause of action which of title 28 of the United States the situation is reversed. In the past five issues of increasing human rights and de­ Code. No State or local government shall be years alone, their parents have added $1 creasing our nuclear arsenals. liable under this title either directly or indi­ trillion to the national debt, and it will fall Both countries can now replace propa­ rectly or through indemnification in any to them, the next generation, to pay it off ganda with progress. action brought under this title. or declare national bankruptcy. This summit is long overdue. Sadly, the Those in their mid-30s or younger have the most at stake in the current debate torch of human rights lighted by the Hel­ YOUTH AND THE NATIONAL about deficits and debt ceilings; yet when sinki Final Act has dimmed around the DEBT CRISIS election time rolls around, this group de­ world. Today, the refuseniks in the Soviet cides disproportionately not to participate. Union and the countries under Soviet HON. DON EDWARDS A paltry 41 percent of 18- to 24-year-olds domination suffer in the shadows. We must bothered to vote in 1984. The 25-to-34 age OF CALIFORNIA make it clear that improved long-term rela­ cohorts turned out in large numbers at the tions between our countries depend on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES polls, but their showing of 54.5 percent was Thursday, November 14, 1985 still far below participation levels of 72 per­ Soviet progress in human rights and Soviet cent for Americans over the age of 55. restraint in world affairs. Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. Speak­ So, while demographics may suggest a Still, the most important item on the er, I would like to call to the attention of slow shifting of political power to the post­ agenda is reducing the threat of nuclear my colleagues an insightful article which World War II generation, actual political war. For years, the nuclear sword of Damo­ appeared in the Christian Science Monitor power, reflected by voter participation, still cles has hung over all of us. The develop­ on Tuesday, November 12. resides with the parents and grandparents of the baby-boom generation. ment of new weapons by both sides has in­ It is especially pleasing for me to point exorably driven us toward the day when out this article, entitled "Youth and the Na­ By sitting on the electoral sidelines, younger Americans set themselves up to be striking first may be chosen first in a tional Debt Crisis," because the author, fleeced by the policymakers. Only by active­ crisis. We applaud the wisdom and courage Matthew J. Cossolotto, is an aide to Majori­ ly participating in the political process can of a President who has chosen to meet at ty Leader JIM WRIGHT. Mr. WRIGHT is they hope to slow down the frenzy of bor­ the negotiating summit rather than at the indeed fortunate to have such a talented rowing that passes for fiscal policy in Wash­ nuclear abyss. and articulate staff person working for ington. I support the President in his primary him. The bigger they allow the deficit and the Mr. Cossolotto poignantly describes the debt to grow, the narrower will be American task: to ensure that the United States is dangers of our current $2 trillion debt. He policy choices in the future. The adminis­ strong enough to deter any attack by an points out that for today's young people tration is painting the next generation into aggressor against our Nation and our a fiscal corner, and is using red ink to do it. the national debt hangs like a sword of allies. I am realistic about this summit, for As a member of the younger generation, I many difficult issues separate our coun­ Damocles over their heads, darkening their personally oppose having to deal with the prospects for the future. His article makes deficit by cutting financial aid to education, tries. The United States has certain basic clear that unless we act now, the next gen­ curtailing food assistance to the poor, and national security interests which we must eration will f)lCe an era of diminishing op­ standing by while our roads and bridges not compromise. An agreement must be portunities and limited possibilities. crumble. I worry that, because of the verifiable. It must increase nuclear stabili­ Mr. Cossolotto's article is directed mainly budget crisis, we're going to return to a less ty. And it must enhance the material secu­ at today's youth, pointing out their respon­ enlightened America of limited economic rity of the United States. and educational opportunities, especially for Any agreement must meet these condi­ sibilities and stake in changing our current women and minorities. fiscal policies. However, we would all be Because of runaway debt, the federal gov­ tions. For we seek arms control agreements well advised to take Mr. Cossolotto's words ernment will have to devote more and more not just for agreements' sake or even for to heart, and realize that we must come to revenue just to pay the tab for interest on better relations between our two countries. terms with the national debt; if not for our the national debt. Next year, $150 billion Rather, we seek arms control agreements sake, then for our children's sake. will be wasted on interest payments alone. as investments in our own security that [From the Christian Science Monitor, Nov. That's equal to what was spent for defense steer both countries away from destabiliz­ 12, 19851 five short years ago. ing and dangerous courses of military In all likelihood, before the elections of YOUTH AND THE NATIONAL-DEBT CRISIS 1986, the federal government will have accu­ action. They impose verifiable limits on mulated a debt in excess of $2 trillion. That Soviet military programs, improve our in­ The post-World War II generation was the should be a potent political issue, and young telligence, and reduce the number of war­ first to grow up learning about the "big people should get out and vote. They should heads aimed at our country. bang" theory, and the first to grow up vote their pocketbooks by supporting candi­ Of course, we must resolve current con­ knowing that life on earth could end with a dates who offer a pay-as-you-go, pay-what­ cerns over existing treaties. The Soviets, for nuclear big boom. Now, with a $2 trillion na­ you-owe budget program. example, must observe the antiballistic mis­ tional debt turning America into a fiscal Ti­ Some say the best solution is a Constitu­ tanic, baby boomers could become the gen­ tional amendment mandating a balanced sile treaty by terminating programs such as eration of the economic "big bust." budget. More to the point might be an the Krasnoyarsk phased-array radar in Si­ Unless young people start putting pres­ amendment to the Ten Commandments di­ beria. sure on policy-makers for a change toward recting young people not only to honor Mr. Speaker, since the responsible budgets, national indebtedness their parents, but also to honor their par­ began in 1945, moments of hope and cour­ will continue to hang over their future like ents' debts. age have advanced the effort to eliminate a sword of Damocles. With Congress in the process of agreeing these weapons before they eliminate us­ to increase the national-debt ceiling, now is GENEVA: A HISTORIC the limited test ban, the nonproliferation the time to focus national attention on the OPPORTUNITY treaty, SALT I and SALT II. But these rising tide of red ink in Washington. Calling positive steps have been overshadowed by the debt limit a "ceiling" is ironic, since it the inexorable growth in nuclear forces-in has been routinely increased for years. One HON. RICHARD A. GEPHARDT OF MISSOURI both numbers and capability. wonders just how often a ceiling can be At a minimum, we need to limit the most raised without somebody somewhere raising IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES destabilizing of our forces. The stakes are the roof! Thursday, November 14, 1985 And that's exactly what young people high, for in the balance hang the lives and should do. They should blow the whistle on Mr. GEPHARDT. Mr. Speaker, yesterday freedom not just of every American but of the borrow-and-spend policies of the admin- House Democrats reaffirmed their support every person on the globe. 32188 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 14, 1985 Yet, I am an optimist. I believe the regulations that any hospital in the state control workshops has been to encourage summit gives the leaders of both nations has to meet. Those include, fire, safety, even more Members of Congress to play well-in­ the ability to take charge of the process regulations on the type of paint used on the formed and active roles on arms control walls, curtains in windows, carpet on floors, and override bureaucratic inertia and re­ grab bars, water temperature, emergency matters. sistance. generators and disaster plans. The arms control workshop held today, So let us all, as Americans, wish our In July, after a final inspection by the November 14, is the ninth and last work­ President success in this endeavor. He has South Carolina Department of Health and shop in this series. The listing below of the a rare opportunity to shape history. He car­ Environmental Control took it as sional Research Service on the fundamen­ contribution that nuclear arms control has a joke. But I kept coming back and finally I tals of arms control. made to U.S. national security interests. hired a lawyer. They realized then that I It is my impressian that the many Mem­ As Members of Congress, we are aware of wasn't going away," Kale said. bers of Congress who have attended these and share our constituents' deep concern On March 27, 1984, a measure setting re­ workshops have benefited from this infor­ about nuclear war and peace issues, nucle­ quirements for establishing a 24-hour chiro­ practic center was adopted by the S.C. Gen­ mal setting where they have been able to ar weapons, and the fact that Ronald eral Assembly. But, Kale said that his battle question the experts, express their own Reagan is the first President since Harry did not end there. views, and discuss fully the important arms Truman not to have reached an agreement Next came an effort to meet state regula­ control questions facing our country. One with the Soviet Union to control nuclear tions. Kale said he had to meet the same of my reasons for organizing these arms arms. Congress can and must continue to November 14, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32189 provide leadership on nuclear arms control sive and energy intensive and requires con­ Aluminum sold at the center doesn't come policy. The comprehensive study on the stant maintenance," the institute report directly from scrap collected by the compa­ states. ny, rather it is metal purchased from larger fundamentals of nuclear arms control and In such an environment, more and more the arms control workshops were designed warehouses. small recyclers are finding they cannot com­ Michael Gildea, a former Upjohn Co. em­ to contribute to preparing Members of Con­ pete. ployee who now runs the aluminum divi­ gress to offer constructive nuclear arms Schupan's is surviving by stepping up sion, explains the service center was started control alternatives and generally to be marketing, handling increased volumes, in response to customers requested for small more actively involved in the arms control using cost control measures and generally quantities of aluminum. policymaking process. improving efficiencies. While many scrap processors are closing "Due to the price structure set by large their doors, Schupan's has continued to aluminum warehouses, there is a niche to be grow. In the past ten years the company has filled," Gildea says. Schupan's handles the SCRAPPY METAL BROKER FINDS small quantity sales the large warehouses A MARKET NICHE expanded so far that it now handles more volume in one month than it did in a full cannot bother with. year, said Schupan. It currently ships more Large warehouses typically handle orders HON. HOWARD WOLPE than 60 million pounds of scrap annually. of 10,000-20,000 pounds of aluminum, he OF MICHIGAN The company started in 1968 when Nelson said. The service center primarily fills IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Schupan, Marc's father, purchased the M. orders of 1,000 pounds or less, although it Konigsberg Co. Marc, a former schoolteach­ has filled orders of up to 4,000-5,000 pounds, Thursday, November 14, 1985 er, began working in the business in 1974. Schupan adds. Mr. WOLPE. Mr. Speaker, we are all too Marc took charge of the company three The business also meets the needs of man­ months after joining it, when his father ufacturers who want a small order quickly, aware of the serious problems facing the died suddenly. U.S. steel industry. I would like to draw the Gildea says. Initially the company employed six work­ Since its inception in 1977, the aluminum attention of my colleagues to the following ers. Now it has 50, all involved in different article which appeared in the Kalamazoo aspects of the processing and brokering sales division has grown continuously. It now employs seven people, serves businesses Gazette. It describes a small family busi­ business-the pickup, sorting, compacting, cleaning and delivery of scrap metals. Cur­ within a 75 mile radius, and is expected to ness in my congressional district which, fill 6,000 orders this year. through hard work and good business rent employees include Schupan's brother, Dan, vice president; Marc Rose, plant super­ Schupan attributes the success of the alu­ sense, continues to prosper despite the intendent; brother-in-law Jay Wardlaw, as­ minum service center to the organizational problems confronting the Nation's steel in­ sistant plant superintendent; and sister and management skills of Gildea, as well as dustry. Dana, an industrial sales representative for the dedication of its two industrial salespeo­ SCRAPPY METAL BROKER FINDS A MARKET the firm. ple-Dana Schupan Wardlaw and Gail NICHE A walk through the firm's warehouse and Brumfield.

51-059 Q-87-21 (Pt. 23) 32196 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 1#,, 1985 Besides texts, audio and videotapes of his egni, president of the leftist Broad Front co­ DEFECTION: IT'S NOT AS EASY speeches, his memorabilia range from paja­ alition, the third political force in Uruguay; As IT LOOKS mas he wore over the years to gavels he has and ·many congressmen of all views, includ­ used in his career as state senator, circuit ing the governing Colorado Party. judge, governor, U.S. senator and Senate The letter is also signed by leaders of the HON. HENRY J. HYDE president pro tempore. Interunion Workers Plenum, which is the OF ILLINOIS main labor organization in the country; the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES URUGUAYAN DEMOCRATS Federation of Uruguayan University Stu­ dents ; the Peace and Justice Serv­ Thursday, November 14, 1985 PRESS FOR IMPROVEMENTS IN ice [Servicio de Paz y Justicia-SERPAJ]; Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, the spectacular HUMAN RIGHTS IN NEIGHBOR­ Amnesty International; Argentine writer ING "redefection" to the Soviet Union of Vitaly Adolfo Perez Esquivel, winner of the Nobel Yurchenko, a senior KGB official, has this Peace Prize; and others. HON. MICHAEL D. BARNES The letter states that the signatories, who Capitol buzzing with speculative stories as OF MARYLAND sympathize with the cause of liberty and re­ to whether he was a bona fide defector who changed his mind or was a phony from the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES spect for the rights of people everywhere in the world, have specific requests regarding outset. We may never learn the true story. Thursday, November 14, 1985 the situation of Captain Napoleon Ortigoza. Nevertheless, this episode, and the one in­ Mr. BARNES. Mr. Speaker, the violations The letter says that the captain has been volving the young Soviet seaman, Miroslav of human rights in the Soviet Union, Cuba, imprisoned for 24 years, making him the Medvid, illustrate some of the problems the Philippines, Guatemala, and many longest-held political prisoner on the conti­ confronting a Soviet who decides to jump other countries, receive considerable atten­ nent. The signatories state that Ortigoza's ship literally and figuratively. While most tion in the United States. However, there is prison conditions are so bad that he has Americans may assume that defection to one country whose terrible record on gone insane, and that he is partially blind this promised land may be a relatively easy and paralyzed. The letter asks that Ortigoza human rights clearly matches any of these task, from a Soviet's perspective, the oppo­ be taken to the public jail so he can receive site may be true. well-publicized cases, and receives almost visits freely, and that his case be tried again no condemnation. That country is Para­ in the presence of foreign lawyers. With that as backdrop, Mr. Speaker, I guay. would like to insert in the RECORD at this In Paraguay, there is no free press. The point a most interesting column on this only independent newspaper, ABC Color, ENCOURAGE AMERICANS TO subject that appeared in the New Orleans was closed down by the Government more SAVE Times Picayune on November 18, 1979. than a year ago, and despite international Written by former ABC-TV correspondent pressure, has not been allowed to reopen. Peggy Stanton, it provides some very The only independent radio station, Radio HON. CARROLL HUBBARD, JR. human insights into the various motives Nanduti, has been shut down many times OF KENTUCKY and complications surrounding defections by the Government, and its owner, Hum­ and I commend it to my colleagues as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES berto Rubin, is dragged in for questioning timely reading. on a regular basis. He is also permanently Thursday, November 14, 1985 THE DEFECTOR: A PROFILE IN COURAGE barred from speaking on the air. Mr. HUBBARD. Mr. Speaker, as I have is not an unusual occurrence in told my colleagues previously, I am receiv­ With defections from Russia assuming the Paraguay. Although our government likes ing numerous letters and telephone calls proportions of an exodus, Ameri~ may be to site figures showing an improvement, from my constituents in western Kentucky concluding that trading in the Hammer and the Paraguayan Government still refuses to Sickle for the Stars and Stripes is a relative­ admit that there are violations of human and throughout the State of Kentucky ly effortless task, and that the Soviet de­ rights in Paraguay. about the proposed tax simplification plan. serter is immediately ecstatic over his or her I was pleased to ·note that these abuses I would like to share with my colleagues leap to liberation. do not escape the attention of political and the October 15, 1985, letter to me from my In fact, the opposite may be true, accord­ constituent, William E. Dunning of Eddy­ ing to American experts on the subject. social groups in Uruguay, who have joined Total immersion into freedom can be an ex­ together to exprPresident of Paraguay. sponsored retirement plans. Indeed, he is he is told. His idea of how to succeed is to In its letter, the group specifically ad­ opposed to changing the tax treatment of find out who is in charge, find out what dresses the prison situation in the country, IRA's. they want him to do, do it, and be properly and makes a particular plea for the well rewarded." I urge my colleagues to read his timely Telling a Russian that he may decide his being of Capt. Napoleon Ortigoza. Captain comments. The letter from Bill Dunning own future, that he may try for any career Ortigoza has been imprisoned in Paraguay follows: that interests him" is one of the most un­ for 24 years, making him the longest held EDDYVILLE, KY, October 15, 1985. nerving things that you can say." political prisoner on the continent. Congressman CARROLL HUBBARD, Though increased knowledge of the West I include, for my colleagues attention, an Rayburn Building, has somewhat lessened the trauma of ad­ article about the letter that was reprinted Washington, DC. justing to the flexibility of democracy, it in the Foreign Broadcast Information Serv­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN HUBBARD: I understand has not shortened the parade of other pres­ ice. there is a consideration in Congress to tie sures that accompany the decision to aban­ IRA contributions to employer-sponsored don the mother country. The article follows: retirement plans. I believe the Tax Laws in "Russia," points out one former Govern­ STROESSNER ASKED TO IMPROVE PRISONER'S the United States should be written to en­ ment official who dealt extensively with de­ CONDITIONS courage individuals to save rather than to fectors for 25 years, "traumatizes what MONTEVIDEO, 2 Nov. (EFE).-Leaders of all discourage them. might be a perfectly ordinary act in another Uruguayan·political parties and social orga­ Your support in a continuation of the IRA country. Article 64 of the Soviet legal code, nizations have sent a letter to Paraguayan contributions would be appreciated. in effect, defines defection as treason." President Alfredo Stroessner expressing Very truly yours, Since one does not commit treason with­ their concern over the human rights situa­ WILLIAM E. DUNNING. out considerable danger to one's health, de­ tion in his country. fection requires a great deal of courage and The letter, which today was handed to the a great deal of planning. "If you don't Paraguayan ambassador in Montevideo, is plan," say the insiders, "you usually don't signed by, among others, Wilson Ferreira make it." Attempting to cross the Russian Aldunate, leader of the National, or Blanco, border on foot or on wheels is not highly Party, the main opposition party; Liber Ser- recommended, as it is patrolled by 500,000 November 14, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32197 troops and protected by three separate case to recall that the Soviet security man ings Institutions, pointed out that the "in­ barbed wire fences. With such obstacles in who allowed Rudolph Nureyev to break free terest rate environment in 1984 was not as mind, a Soviet pilot shanghaied a Russian from official grasp before boarding a plane favorable" as in 1983. "The ability of thrifts plane out of Siberia, amazingly avoiding de­ in Paris was severely reprimanded by his su­ to earn on interest rate spreads was more tection and destruction in Soviet skies. He periors for failing to have a hypodermic difficult." In 1983, earnings at surveyed mi­ landed in Japan with 15 seconds of fuel to needle at the ready. nority-owned thrifts skyrocketed 267.1%. spare. Did Lyudmila Vlasova genuinely desire to Mr. Clark said the figures for the relative­ A more conventional route to foreign leave her husband behind in the United ly small sampling of minority-owned thrifts asylum is to travel overseas under official States or was she a victim of Russian agents <70 thrifts could be identified as minority­ sanction, i.e., a ballet tour. Once in the who had gone to school on the Nureyev owned at the time of publication) were not West, the defector covertly seeks out sympa­ escape? If she suffering from a broken totally out of line with the results for the thetic aid, often the American Embassy, and heart, we will probably never know it. entire industry for 1984. then disappears from his entourage at the "The aggregate [for the thrift industry] least suspicious moment. Gaining a trip MINORITY OWNED THRIFTS was growing rapidly," in 1984, Mr. Clark abroad is no small task, however. When a said, "but earnings fell off." Industrywide Soviet wins such adventure, one can safely return on assets was up 18 basis points for assume he or she has more than native soil HON. ROBERT GARCIA all of 1984, compared with an increase of 26 awaiting his return. Thus, a husband might OF NEW YORK basis points in 1983. This translates into a be allowed to travel, but not in tandem with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES decrease in earnings of approximately one­ his spouse unless they have a relative to Thursday, November 14, 1985 third, according to Mr. Clark. leave behind as hostage. Distinguished pian­ "In contrast," he said, "I believe 1985 will ist Vladimir Askanezi and his wife effected Mr. GARCIA. Mr. Speaker, we have been show record earnings for the industry, but an end run around this decree by boarding hearing over and over again about what is an airplane with their infant hidden in their growth will not be as strong. Financial serv­ flight bag. wrong with the banking and thrift indus­ ice industries have been realizing that you One enterprising young Russian turned tries, and the dire predictions with respect don't necessarily improve net income by the hostage ploy to his own ruthless advan­ to the Federal insurance funds. growth. Many thrifts are now stabilizing tage. After joining the Communist Youth Every day I receive notices from the and consolidating" their business line. League because it offered the opportunity FDIC regarding a new bank closing, and SEEKING FUNDS TO EXPAND SERVICES of a journey overseas, he wooed and wed a the industry papers talk about how and if To expand services to their communities, very beautiful Soviet girl, hoping she would the insurance system can be saved. That is some minority-owned thrifts are aggressive­ appear to be such an enchanting reason to why it was such a pleasant surprise to run ly seeking deposit and asset growth to fund hurry home that Kremlin officials would to the American Banker of November 1, the projects and are instituting local mar­ not hesitate to allow him to depart Moscow. 1985 to see the enclosed article entitled keting and advertising programs as part of His strategy worked. Unfortunately, his new their strategies. freedom was marred by the sudden realiza­ "Minority-Owned Thrifts Grow Rapidly." Although these thrifts have not avoided all Independence Federal Savings Bank in tion that his feelings for his new bride were Washington, D.C., began a local advertising not nearly as pragmatic as he had thought. problems, they have used their ingenuity in campaign to attract more funds. Previously, Too late, remembers a witness, "it hit him order to attract new business, and to con­ the thrift had not advertised. like a ton of bricks." tinue to grow. At least the news on the fi­ "We're now offering a student loan pro­ Sometimes, however, the love of "Eve" nancial front is not all bad. gram and more mortgage loans," said Polly has proven stronger than the love of free­ dom. American intelligence men still shake MINORITY-OWNED THRIFTS GROW RAPIDLY Malvin, vice president of accounting at the their heads over the Communist state secu­ titutions. The table on page 14 lists those senior vice president of marketing for Merit cynical officer returned to East Germany thrifts that responded to questionnaires Savings Bank, , explains the suc­ for her. When he phoned his presence, she sent by American Banker and compares cesses at the $247.1 million-deposit thrift. invited him to her apartment where, upon data from Dec. 31, 1984, with data from Dec. Mr. Bloom said Merit Savings holds an his arrival, he discovered a special welcome 31, 1983. annual retreat for its employees, and the prepared for him by the KGB. For the approximately 60% of minority theme for the 1984 retreat was "We're a The most recent example of love versus thrift respondents who were able to provide Winning Team." liberty was the public schism of a marriage two years of data, deposits soared 43.2%, to One of the largest minority-owned finan­ when Russian ballerina Lyudmila Vlasova $2.7 billion from $1.9 billion, and assets cial institutions, Merit saw its deposits rise flew home to Moscow without her husband Jumped 44.1%, to $3.3 billion from $2.3 bil­ 26.2% and assets increase 29.4%. Net income and partner Aleksandr Godunov after he lion. Minority thrifts' share of total thrift exceeded $1 million in 1984. announced his new allegience to the United deposits also increased, to .004% from .003%. "We've been growing very well," Mr. States. Some American experts believe that Deposits for all thrifts in 1984 were up Bloom said. "We've been making an empha­ the splintered relationship resulted from a 14.1%. sis on loans for new construction of single­ "tragic oversight." The ballerina "should Deposit and asset growth also were ex­ family homes. We are in innovative and ex­ never have been allowed to board that tremely high for minority-owned thrifts in perts in the field." plane," they argue. Once aboard the air­ the period from Dec. 31, 1982, to Dec. 31, Part of Merit's innovation was exhibited craft, subjected to duress and possibly drugs 1983, with increases of 49.5% and 51.0%, re­ in a marketing campaign to acquire more from Russian security personnel, her later spectively. construction loan business. According to Mr. avowals of patriotism to U.S. officials in a Net income for the survey's minority­ Bloom, Merit mailed bricks to new construc­ van beside the plane with four Russians owned thrifts, however, plummeted 49.7% to tion firms, asking them, "Do you need a present, may not have reflected her true $6.0 million in 1984, from $11.9 million the construction loan?" feelings about returning to the Soviet year before. Although the sample is small, "It brought in a good deal of business," he Union. these results can be reflective of the indus­ said. Persuasion is just as likely to be accom­ try as a whole. Merit, an Asian-American-owned thrift, plished by sedation as by fears, however. It Mark Clark, senior vice president for plans to expand into more residential con­ may be instructive in the Godunov-Vlasova public relations at the U.S. League of Sav- struction business. 32198 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 11,., 1985 OTHER SURVEY FINDINGS CHRISTMAS CAME EARLY FOR THE CHADWICK like he wanted to speak. There were times Of those thrifts that could be identified as FAMILY when there was an encouraging feeling and owned by a minority group, 16 are black­ TERRY, A UR ATHLETE, HAS PROGRESSED WELL there were times, when he had high fever, owned, nine are Hispanic-owned, eight are AFTER PARALYZING INJURY when it was very discouraging." Asian-owned, four are multiracially owned, If the situation was difficult for Skibinski and Smith, the difficulties were compound­ and one is owned by women. The May wedding date had been planned ed for Syd and Lyn Chadwick. Things that United Bank FSB of , with for months. It would be a happy day with very few people have to deal with became $697.1 million in deposits, is not only the friends and family invited to watch Syd daily events. Bothersome events. Medical largest minority-owned thrift, but the larg­ Chadwick and Lyn Ward exchange marriage people were sometimes aloof. The Medicaid est minority-owned financial institution. vows. papers were filled out for Terry and reject­ Of the thrifts in today's listing, United Syd Chadwick was a widower. His wife ed because something was wrong on the ap­ 1982. Bank is the largest Asian-owned thrift; had died in But the impending wed­ plication. It meant refiling. The bank was Carver Federal Savings & Loan Association ding was a happy thought, especially since hitting Terry's account with a service in New York is the largest black-owned in­ his second son, Terry, was going to be the best man. charge and said there was nothing it could stitution, with $105.2 million in deposits; On April 24, though, the elaborate plans do about it. Little things became big things. Tesoro Savings & Loan Association of suddenly changed, and so did an awful lot of "Too much reality," Lyn said. Laredo, Tex., is the largest Hispanic-owned lives, none more than Terry Chadwick's. And then, one July day, Syd and Lyn vis­ thrift, with deposits of $218.6 million; and, The junior mathematics major and golfer at ited Strong. with $57.0 million in deposits, Time Savings the University of Rochester and his class­ "Terry was very positively responsive," & Loan Association, San Francisco, is the mate and teammate, Tom Skibinski, were on Syd said. "Until then, we didn't know if he largest multiracially owned thrift. 1-390 near the Brooks Avenue exit on their was going to make it. But we came away California is the home state of the most way home from Canada when their car was from that visit and I told Lyn, 'He has to go minority thrifts, with 19. Florida is second read-ended by a pickup truck. the entire to to Greenery. He has to have the with seven. rear of the Renault was destroyed. Chad­ chance.'" wick and Skibinski were rushed to Strong "I remember it," Lyn said. "Coming down Memorial Hospital. Skibinski, the passen­ from the visit, you said, 'He's got to go. There is some hope.' " CHRISTMAS CAME EARLY FOR ger, overcame his injuries and was out of the hospital in a little more than a week. Late in August, Terry was transferred THE CHARDWICK FAMILY Chadwick is still hospitalized and will be from Strong to Greenery by air ambulance for some time in the Greenery Institute in and placed on the intensive rehabiliation Brighton, Mass., outside . His weight, floor where the cost is $270 a day and the HON. JOE MOAKLEY after several months of intravenous feeding average stay is two and a half years. OF MASSACHUSETTS immediately after the accident, has dropped The Chadwicks first visited Terry in Octo­ from 170 pounds to 114. He remains para­ ber. Shortly after that visit, they received a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lyzed on his left side from the injuries sus­ call from Greenery. They were told that Thursday, November 14, 1985 tained in the accident. For months, no one Terry had started to talk. A few days later, was certain that he was going to live. Terry called home. Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I would But this is not a sad story, although it has "It was an exhilirating experience," Syd like to bring to the attention of my House its deep moments of frustration and anxie­ said. "We talked to him a couple of times colleagues a most prestigious award that ty. Instead, it is one of hope. And love. and each time he sounded better. We ex­ was recently bestowed upon the Greenery The hope, which had always been there, pected words and we got sentences. But the last time he called before we visited in De­ Rehabilitation and Skilled Nursing Center intensified on the weekend of December 10- 12 when Syd and Lyn Chadwick, who were cember, he had a message for us, 'I want to in Brighton, MA. This outstanding center married on May 12 in a quiet, private cere­ come home.' We had to explain that he was was presented with President Reagan's Ci­ mony, drove to Massachusetts to visit Terry. at the best place for him.'' tation Program for Private Sector Initia­ Terry had been transferred from Strong to The visits from the Chadwicks to Green­ tives, based upon its comprehensive and in­ the Greenery in late August. His condition ery have been made at relatively lengthy in­ dividual treatment of those inflicted with at the time had improved a bit, but hardly tervals for several reasons. For one, they terrific. have been time-consuming, since the Chad­ severe head injuries. "I remember visiting him just before he wicks drove back and forth from Henrietta The Greenery Head Rehabilitation Pro­ went to Boston," Skibinski said. "He could to Massachusetts. For another, they have gram consist of three major areas and they move his head very little. But his eyes were been expensive. And, there is the pyscholo­ include coma treatment, head injury treat­ shifting back and forth excitedly. My gical side of it. ment, and long-term care. The coma treat­ mother could talk to him, but I couldn't talk "If you go back too soon, you might to him. It was a difficult moment. become discouraged because the progress is ment program concentrates on providing "I want to see him again. In fact, we've so slow," Syd said. an integrated sensory stimulation program, been talking about taking a road trip to Thus the trip to Boston on Dec. 9 was with specific goals of achieving and main­ Boston to see him soon." filled with uncertainty and apprehension. taining optimal health status which enables Don Smith would like to see Terry Chad­ But once they walked into Terry's room the the patient to advance to the active partici­ wick again, too. Smith, the golf coach at mood changed quickly. patory rehabilitation program. Once an ap­ UR, remembered finding out about the acci­ "The first time we had been there, he was dent that Sunday night in April and what using a symbol board

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 11,, 1985 32206 ' In recent meetings with more than 150 6. Avoiding Inflexible Federal Legislation: when perceived as slightly misguided, than companies, the consistent question we were Employers are concerned that Congress to negotiate the details of how they do busi­ asked was "If we c.an't count, how can we might freeze the present program into law ness with a wide variety of competing pri­ measure? If we can't measure, how can we and thus deny flexibility to alter the regula­ vate groups whose standards are not subject manage?" tions. Rep. Augustus F. Hawkins urged the president not to weaken propriately crafted mandatory ones. NAM every aspect of its operations-profits, cap­ the new executive order and congressmen ital investment, productivity increases and and senators of both parties have written president Trowbridge made the point when promotional potential for individuals. Set­ him strong letters supporting a similar posi­ he pointed out that retaining flexible goals ting goals and timetables for minority and tion. and timetables as a measure of good faith female participation is a way of measuring 7. Employe Morale and Productivity: compliance to ensure progress would "give progress and focusing on potential discrimi­ Companies who have made significant business the necessary guidelines to ensure nation." progress in hiring minorities and women compliance with federal mandates," and Senior corporate officials clearly recognize would have morale and productivity prob­ pointed out that "absent such guidelines, in­ that managers must be measured on all of lems if their employes believe that the fed­ dividual enforcement officers will be left the things they are expected to do. eral government is reducing its commitment with decisions as to what comprises compli­ A survey of more than 200 major compa­ to affirmative action, particularly if they be­ ance with affirmative action." nies found 76 percent saying they used "vol­ lieve that business pressure led to such a The present rules mandating goals and untary internal numerical objectives to change. timetables were adopted by the Nixon ad­ assess [equal employment opportunity] per­ For example, IBM now has 30,000 minori­ ministration, in part at the request of busi­ formance." One-fourth of the companies ty employes and 30,000 women who would ness, in essence as a deregulatory move in said that incentive compensation plans for not be there if the company's percentage of the area of employment discrimination and managers include equal employment objec­ minority and female employment was the affirmative action. tives and that performance against those same as it had been in the early '60s. Such a Under pre-Nixon programs, there were objectives can affect incentive payments company needs its employes to think affirm­ major confrontations with government in­ positively or negatively. By 1988 more than ative action is being eliminated like it needs vestigators concerning the adequacy of spe­ half the companies predict they will be a corporate hole in the head. In fact, IBM's chief executive officer, John Akers, just cific details in corporate affirmative action basing incentive pay in part on EEO per­ programs. The Nixon pro-business, deregu­ formance. issued an IBM-style, 16-page report on its 4. Use of Numbers as a Defense: affirmative action program with statistics latory approach was to adopt goals and One proposal might eliminate the possibil­ and a description of the company's pro­ timetables as an objective measure of corpo­ ity that businesses could use goals and time­ grams to achieve these gains. Similar re­ rate progress and thus eliminate many of tables even voluntarily or point to progress ports have been issued by others: Schering­ the arguments about the adequacy of specif­ in minority and female employment as part Plough, Philip Morris, Exxon, AT&T, Wes­ ic programs. In fact, in the lead Supreme of the evidence in defending against dis­ tinghouse and Chemical Bank to mention Court decision approving race-conscious af­ crimination charges, although the Supreme just a few. firmative action using numbers, the court Court has emphasized the appropriateness The Alcoa memo noted that Alcoa would said that such approval was given in part be­ of such a defense. Employers clearly want continue its programs "whatever the gov­ cause of this deregulatory aspect. The court to use their progress as a defense and to be ernment's eventual position." In a similar noted that to allow appropriately circum­ able to avoid further government investiga­ vein, Davidson, of Time, Inc., told a House scribed race-conscious affirmative action tions of their activities if they have done Judiciary subcommittee this week that would permit employers to comply in accord well, as measured by the numbers of minori­ "when press reports indicated that [the with "traditional management prerogatives" ties and females they employ. presidential order on affirmative action] and was consistent with the congressional At the same time, the program does not might be weakened or watered down, Time, desire to implement anti-discrimination re­ require any quotas. The goals and time­ Inc. issued a statement [that] 'should this quirements in a fashion that would "avoid tables program is a flexible one that busi­ happen, we want to assure you we will main­ undue federal regulation of private busi­ ness can live with. Ralph P. Davidson, board tain our affirmative action program. We chairman of Time, Inc. told Congress that have been well served by that program, in­ nesses." at "no time [was his company] subject to cluding the setting of internal hiring and It would be ironic indeed if an administra­ anything resembling 'quotas' [and that promotion goals for minorities and women. tion known for its deregulation program and they] weren't presented with rigid, prede­ ... its desire to help business were to go in the termined statistics for the hiring of women 8. Faith in the Legal System: Corporations exact opposite direction in dealing with af­ and minorities." He said that the govern­ have a vested interest in our legal system firmative action. The president ought to ment never tried "to dictate a final, inflexi­ and citizen faith in that system. Laws pro­ think twice before eliminating a program ble result." hibiting discrimination were preceded by begun under a Republican presidep.t with 5. State and Local Government Programs: demonstrations by those who had no faith business support and originally implement­ Historically, large companies opposed fed­ that we could solve our problems by law. ed by George P. Shultz when he was Secre­ eral regulations pleading states' rights. President Kennedy wanted to achieve civil tary of Labor. However, today they prefer the uniformity rights under law. The late Republican Sen. The president ought to think twice before of a single federal regulation, even if the Everett M. Dirksen spoke of "an idea eliminating an objective numerical measure companies don't always like all the details, whose time had come" and helped achieve and substituting bureaucratic examination to having to meet a multiplicity of state and Kennedy's dream of getting the problem of the details of employers' practices to see local regulations. out of the streets and into the courts. Em­ if they meet government standards. He One national financial services company ployers may argue with how government ought to think twice before doing some­ presently has affirmative action programs regulations are applied but they would thing that might lead to a proliferation of with 60 local jurisdictions, each of which rather have these arguments occur in a competing and uncontrollable pressures on calculates its requirements differently. legal framework than in the streets. business from state and local governments Recently, NAM President Trowbridge has 9. Third Party Pressures: If faith in the and civil rights groups; and he should cer­ noted that if states and cities believe the ability of the legal system to increase em­ federal program is inadequate, it could lead ployment opportunities were to fade, we tainly think twice before taking a step that to a proliferation of "conflicting and compli­ may not see marches in the streets again, much of his own business constituency be­ cated standards" that "are bound to cost but we will certainly see increasing pressure lieves is ill-conceived. more ultimately and result in less effective on employers from outside the legal system. programs." Trowbridge ha.S called for re­ Already, private civil rights organizations forms in the federal program without have substantially increased their demands amending the underlying executive order. for affirmative action plans or fair share The NAM believes that such amendments agreements outside the context of govern­ would be "ill-advised," in part, because they ment requirements. Most employers would might trigger such state and local action. prefer to deal with the government, even November 11,., 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32207 WEEK OF DECEMBER 2 DESIG­ the 20th anniversary of the National Socie­ strong character all Los Angelenos can NATED AS "NATIONAL EMER­ ty for Children and Adults with Autism. proudly emulate. He has accomplished a re­ GENCY MEDICAL AIR TRANS­ This year also marks the lOth anniversary markable civic career and is truly deserv­ PORT WEEK" of passage of Public Law 94-142, "the Edu­ ing the honor bestowed on him by the the cation for Handicapped Children's Act," Los Angeles-Tuskegee Alumni Chapter. HON. ~UlAMJ.COYNE legislation that guaranteed autistic and OF PENNSYLVANIA other handicapped children the right to ap­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES propriate education. SOCIAL SECURITY TRUST FUND As one of the cosponsors of House Joint Thursday, November 14, 1985 Resolution 440, I urge my colleagues to Mr. COYNE. Mr. Speaker, today I am join me in supporting passage of this HON. THOMAS A. DASCHLE pleased to introduce a House joint resolu­ timely legislation. OF SOUTH DAKOTA tion which requests that the President of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the United States designate the week of De­ IN HONOR OF DISTINGUISHED Thursday, November 14, 1985 cember 2, 1985 as "National Emergency TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY ALUM­ Medical Air Transport Week." This resolu­ NUS DEPUTY CHIEF JESSE A. Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. Speaker, many of my tion commemorates the role of hospital­ BREWER constituents have been trying to follow all based helicopters in providing vital access the recent efforts in Washington to reduce to health services to Americans living in HON. JUUAN C. DIXON the deficit. Even though I think we're on both urban and rural areas of the country. the right track, a lot of people outside of The original concept of the hospital­ OF CALIFORNIA Washington are a bit more skeptical. based helicopter program, developed during IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES They see us talking about Gramm­ the military conflicts in Korea and Viet­ Thursday, November 14, 1985 Rudman, or the House alternative, and nam, has expanded from less than a dozen Mr. DIXON. Mr. Speaker, on November programs in 1978 to well over 100 in 1985. they say, "What's the difference? Who 24, 1985, Tuskegee alumni will honor cares? We've seen all this before. When all Last year, alone, over 43,000 persons expe­ Deputy Chief Jesse A. Brewer at their riencing life-threatening situations were is said and done, nothing will have Ninth Annual Scholarship Event at the changed, and we'll still have a deficit." flown to critically needed medical care by Century Plaza Hotel in Los Angeles. I helicopters or fixed wing aircraft. Mr. Chairman, as someone who has would like to join the Los Angeles-Tuske­ strongly supported our recent efforts to On this f"tfth anniversary of the Ameri­ gee University Alumni Chapter in saluting can Society of Hospital Based Emergency Deputy Chief Brewer for his outstanding balance the budget, I've done everything I Air Medical Services, it is particularly fit­ contributions as a law enforcement officer can to try to convince South Dakotans that ting that we join together to recognize the and the positive role model he has provided this time we're for real. This time we're vital service the members of this organiza­ to Los Angeles youth. really going to cut the deficit. This time tion have provided for our communities. It has been said that the four corner­ they can trust us. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent stones of character on which this country But nothing in recent memory has done that the text of this joint resolution be was built are initiative, imagination, indi­ more to make Americans distrust Washing­ printed in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. viduality, and independence. During his 38 ton than the Treasury Department's disin­ years of public service, Jesse has called vestment of the Social Security trust fund. NATIONAL AUTISM WEEK upon these characteristics to make him one Their reaction when they hear about this of the most well respected and competent is horror. The newspapers don't report the HON. BRUCE A. MORRISON law enforcement officials in this Nation. details of how all the money will be paid OF CONNEcriCUT These qualities were particularly recog­ back. All they see is that the Government IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nized when Jesse was appointed by Presi­ has its hands in their Social Security re­ dent Ronald Reagan to serve as a member serves. That's money they count on every Thursday, November 14, 1985 of the President's Commission on Orga­ month, or will count on when they retire. Mr. MORRISON of Connecticut. Mr. nized Crime. The people have a contract with the Gov­ Speaker, I rise in support of House Joint During the many years that I have ernment, Mr. Chairman. They agreed to Resolution 440, which would declare the known Jesse, his loyal dedication to his contribute a share of their own salary, in week of December 1-7 as National Autism family, community and country has been exchange for a guarantee that when the Week. an inspiring and endearing quality. He has time came, they would have a secure source Mr. Speaker, while many people have actively participated in the L.A. County of income. Secure, Mr. Chairman. Not bor­ heard about autism, few people understand Peace Officers Association, the L.A. Chap­ rowed, or lent, or kept under somebody's the extent of this incapacitating, lifelong ter of the NAACP, the L.A. Urban League, developmental disability. Few people know the National Association of Black Law En­ mattress. There is no excuse for this episode. It that over 350,000 Americans are afflicted forcement Executives, the L.A. Black with the disorder, and that of these, 85 per­ Agenda, and the Tuskegee University L.A. was brought about because some people in cent are classified as dysfunctional. Alumni Chapter. For 33 years he has been this town insist on playing politics with the The responsibility for caring for an autis­ in Active and Reserve service with the U.S. Federal budget and the deficit. tic family member can be overwhelming. A Army, where he attained the rank of colo­ It has happened because some people strong support system and special training nel and which bas included his receipt of have refused to act to balance the budget. or education must be made available to the Legion of Merit, the Bronze Star, the Sure, they talk a lot, but look what hap­ every person and family affected by autism. Purple Heart, the Combat Infantry Badge, pens when they finally have a chance to do The National Society for Children and and two campaign ribbons. something: They run for cover. It's destroy­ Adults with Autism and other groups have A loving husband and father to his wife, ing the economy, it's leaving a huge debt worked hard to guarantee this support. Odessa, and his children, Jesse III, Jona­ for our children. And now, its making It is therefore particularly fitting that we than, and Kenneth, Jesse is a positive force people worry about whether they'll get draw public attention to autism this year, in the Crenshaw district and a man whose their next Social Security check.