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RIHN Annual Report 2017

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RIHN Annual Report 2017 INDEX Message from the Director-General 1 Research Activities 3 Full Research 5 Pre Research 106 Feasibility Studies 118 Incubation Studies 124 RIHN Center 126 Outreach Program and Events RIHN International Symposium 144 Symposium of Environmental Isotope Study 145 RIHN Public Seminars 145 Kyoto Municipal Science Center For Youth “Future Scientist Training Course” 146 RIHN Open House 146 RIHN Area Seminars 146 RIHN Tokyo Seminar 147 The Earth Forum Kyoto; Special Session and International Symposium 147 The Earth Hall of Fame KYOTO 147 RIHN Seminars 148 Lunch Seminars (Danwakai) 149 RIHN General Meeting (RGM) 150 Press Conferences 151 Publications 151 Individual Achievements 152 Appendices 1. Number and Affiliation of Project Members 2. Research Fields of Project Members 3. Research Project Sites 1 Message from the Director-General The Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) was established in April 2001 to conduct integrated research in the field of global environmental studies. In 2004, RIHN became one of the original members of the National Institutes for the Humanities (NIHU), as an Inter-University Research Institute Corporation. Environmental degradation can be understood as an imbalance in interactions between human beings and natural systems. Our mission is therefore to conduct solution-oriented research aimed at exploring how interactions between humanity and nature ought to be. RIHN conducts interdisciplinary research spanning the natural sciences, humanities, and social sciences, and transdisciplinary research, collaborating with various stakeholders in society. Fiscal year 2017 marks the second year of our Phase III Medium-Term Plan. Under the three Research Programs, and one Core Program, we conducted more than eight full research projects. The RIHN Center was promoting to organically integrate and support the Research Programs/Projects, including both domestic and international collabo- ration. As part of RIHN’s international activities, RIHN is hosting the Asian Regional Centre for Future Earth, which is expected to promote the overall research and capacity buildings of Future Earth in Asia. Under the initiative of Director General (with the Council for Research Strategy), the Public Relations Unit and the Institutional Research (IR) Unit functioned actively. With the new structure in place, we are pursuing our mission even more vigorously through enhanced collaboration within our institute, across our diverse research community, and with society in general. This annual report describes the updated outcome of these activities of RIHN for the FY2017. I do hope this report will help you to understand the overall activity within the FY2017. With best regards, YASUNARI Tetsuzo Director-General Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 3 Research Activities Research Activities ●Full Research [Research Program 1: Transition to a society that can flexibly deal with environmental changes] Program Director: SUGIHARA Kaoru p. 5 Project Name: Societal Adaptation to Climate Change: Integrating Palaeoclimatological Data with Historical and Archaeological Evidences Project leader: NAKATSUKA Takeshi p. 9 Project Name: Toward the Regeneration of Tropical Peatland Societies: Building International Research Network on Paludiculture and Sustainability Management Project leader: MIZUNO Kosuke p. 33 [Research Program 2: Fair use and management of diverse resources] Program Director: NAKASHIZUKA Tohru p. 44 Project Name: Human-Environmental Security in Asia-Pacific Ring of Fire: Water-Energy-Food Nexus Project leader: ENDO Aiko p. 48 Project Name: Biodiversity-driven Nutrient Cycling and Human Well-being in Social-ecological Systems Project leader: OKUDA Noboru p. 56 [Research Program 3: Design of wellbeing-enhancing living spaces and life styles] Program Director: SAIJO Tatsuyoshi p. 64 Project Name: Lifeworlds of Sustainable Food Consumption and Production: Agrifood Systems in Transition Project leader: MCGREEVY, Steven Robert p. 68 Project Name: The Sanitation Value Chain: Designing Sanitation Systems as Eco-Community-Value System Project leader: FUNAMIZU Naoyuki p. 78 [Core Program] Program Director: TANIGUCHI Makoto p. 98 Project Name: Proposal and Verification of the Validity of Isotope Environmental Traceability Methodology in Environmental Studies Project leader: TAYASU Ichiro p. 101 ●Pre Research Project Name: Research and Social Implementation of Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction as Climate Change Adaptation in Shrinking Societies Project leader: YOSHIDA Takehito p. 106 4 RIHN Annual Report 2017 ●Individual Collaboration FS 1. Water-Energy-Nexus Technology for Marginal Settlements: Socially Optimal Size from the Perspectives of Reciprocity and Indigenous Knowledge KANEKO Shinji (Hiroshima University) 2. Nature Cultural Diversity and Building Sustainable Society in Asia MATSUDA Hirotaka (The University of Tokyo) ●Institutional Collaboration FS 1. Transdisciplinary Approaches to Governance of Intellectual Properties: Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge in Terrestrial, Coastal and Marine Areas KOHSAKA Ryo (Tohoku University) 2. Co-Creation of Regional Innovation for Reducing Risk of Environmental Pollution SAKAKIBARA Masayuki (Ehime University) 3. Assessing Functional Diversity of Satoyama Paddy Landscapes in East Asia’s Monsoon Region HOMMA Kosuke (Niigata University) 4. Developing Interactive Rural-Urban Systems to Improve Human Well-being MORI Koichiro (Hiroshima University) 5. Living Spaces: A Transdisciplinary Study on Locality, Nature and Global Interdependency MURAYAMA Satoshi (Kagawa University/ ICEDS) 6. Mapping the environmental impact footprint of cities, companies, and households KANEMOTO Keiichiro (Shinshu University) 7. Study on mitigation options for SLCPs (Short-lived Climate Pollutants) emissions from agriculture in Asia by collaboration with stakeholders HAYASHIDA Sachiko (Nara Women’s University) ●Core FS 1. Knowledge binding to overcome perception gaps in collaborative research on socio-environmental interaction KONDO Yasuhisa (RIHN) p. 118 2. Co-design and stakeholder engagement according to geographical scales ONISHI Yuko (RIHN) ●Incubation Studies 1. Practical approaches toward alleviation of vicious cycles between poverty and environmental degradation under fragile environment in Afro-Asia TANAKA Ueru (RIHN) p. 124 2. Multiple Development Paths and Natural Environment in the Tropical Regions of Indian Ocean Rim: Comparisons and Connections WAKIMURA Kohei (Osaka City University) p. 124 3. Future Image of Living Sphere by Restructuring Sustainable Relation between Humans and Land OKABE Akiko (University of Tokyo) p. 124 4. Exploration and implementation of a new social mechanisms for the solution of intergenerational sustainability problems KOTANI Koji (Kochi University of Technology) p. 125 5 Research Projects Research Program1: Societal Transformation under Environmental Change Program Director: SUGIHARA Kaoru RIHN ○ Research Subject and Objectives Goal of the Program This program aims at providing realistic perspectives and options to facilitate the transformation towards a society that can flexibly respond to environmental changes caused by human activities such as Research Projects global warming and air pollution, as well as to natural disasters. Mission Statement To demonstrate the fundamental significance of global environmental sustainability for human society, we need to make the links between environmental change and natural disasters, and social issues such as livelihood, inequality, social security and conflict, intellectually explicit, and reinforce them in the real world. RIHN’s Societal Transformation under Environmental Change research program contributes to this task. The Program follows two lines of inquiry. The first conducts research on Asia’s long-term paths of social and economic development in relation to climate change and environmental history. Such studies offer historical understandings of the human-nature interface, and evaluate each region’s political and economic conditions and cultural and social potentialities in comparative perspective. For example, postwar development of the industrial complex along the Asia’s Pacific coast was made possible by the combination of imported fossil fuels and utilization of rich local resources of land, water and biomass. Industrial development in the region produced both rapid economic growth and at times severe environmental pollution and degradation. It is important to recognize the causes and consequences of these historical processes in their own light, as well as for their significance to future societal change and policy deliberations. The Program’s second line of inquiry examines the kinds of motivations that affect people’s livelihood, by working closely with various stakeholders in local society in Asia. Our project based in Sumatra’s tropical peat swamp forest, for example, has identified four principal kinds of motivations - local livelihood; profit of local farmers and agricultural and industrial enterprises; local and centrally- based governance; and conservation measures implemented by governments, NGOs and international institutions -, and examines how they can best be coordinated to promote sustainability at the village level. Project research also helps implement policies at local, national and international levels. This ongoing project, which cooperates with local universities, companies and officials, has already contributed to the development of regional and national policies to control
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