October 1940) Qfive~ Proposed Arroyo Seco Parkway Extension to Los Angeles Business Center Through Elysian Park

Home , Figueroa Street Tunnels, October 1940

''.

~PEti~Ed SEGTifl~i OF ARROYO SEGO PARKWAY OCTOBER :S'~E~^d LO5 AiNGE~cS ARID PASADEt*iA frs£E. A.'~_?t~~E IN THi51551JEi 1940 CALIFORNIA HIGHW~°eYS AND PUBLIC V~/ORKS Official Journal of the Division of Highways, Department of Public Works, State of California

FRANK W. CLARK, Director C. H. PURCELL, State Highway Engine¢r J. W. HOWE,Editor K. C. ADAMS, Associate Editor

Publish¢d Eor information o~ department rri¢enb¢rs and citizens of California Editors of n¢wspapers and others are privileged to us¢ matter contained h¢rein Cuts will be gladly loaned upon requ¢st Aduress communications to California Flighways and Public Works, P. O. Box 1499, Sacramento, California Vol. 18 OCTOBER, 1940 No. 10

Fable of ~'o~tents

Page State Adopts Three-point Program for bZarketing Power from Shasta Dam------1-5 Picture of Shasta Dam, Shoving Construction of Towering Concrete Blocks on Site of East Abutment______3 Illustrations Showing First Central Valley Water Being Pumped into Contra Costa Canal for City of Pittsburg______5 Proposed Arroyo Seco Parl~way Extension to Los Angeles Business Center with NIap and Pictures of Existing Traffic Conditions______6-9 By A. D. Griff~a, District Office Engineer East Shore Hibh~vay Project Through Oakland Wins Assurance of Highway Commission______10-11 Pictures of Proposed Structures over Fruitvale Avenue, Lake Merritt Canal and Railroad Tracks______10-11 Highway Cut Through Point Mugu on Coast Highway in Ventura Comity 12 By G. R. Halton, Reside~at E~igi~aeer Ilhlstrations Showing ConstrLlction of CLlt ThroLibh Point Milgu______12-13 Perspective Sketch of Proposed Arroyo Seco Parkway Extension to Los Angeles Through Elysian Park______14-15 Relocation of Obsolete Section of U. S. 99 in Tehama County______16-18 By F. W. Haseli000d, District Engiaieer Illustrations Showing Old Poad and Placing of Cement Stabilized Base and Surfacing on Relocation______16-18 Walter T. Ballou Takes Office as Ne~v Secretary of Highway Commission, Illustrated------19 Thirty Sharp Curves Eliminated Between auburn and Grass Valley____20-21 By Charles W. Whitmore, District E~tigineer Views of Sections of New ~iighway______20-21 I\Tew Russian River Jetty Project Gets Under Way with Celebration____22-23 Views of Coast Conditions at Mouth of Russian River______23 Sepulveda Boulevard in San Fernando Valley Rebuilt as Divided High- way------226 BJ Wm. A. Mohr, Assistant E~a,rytineer, and A. N. George, District Co~tistruction E~a~i~roeer Illustrations Showing l~Te~v Divided Highway on Sepulveda Boulevard__2~25 Model Built to Aid Stndy of Bridge Design______~__-_ 27 By Ken~ietle W. Dowie, Assista~at Bridge Engineer Illustrations of Small Spring Steel ~Zodel for Visualizing Deformations UnderLoad------27 Bids and Awards for the 1bTo~th of September______28 s Late op is T ree Dent Prog ram or ar e~i ng P~w er f ~e entral a ey Pr o ~ ec~

THREE-POINT program of nomic waste of um~ecessary duplica- State assistance to the Federal tion and at the same time protecting Government in the development Power Value Scale the existing utility against confisca- of a public market for Central Vallejr Value of Shasta Dam electric tion." Project electric ~ner~y ~~ ris approved power delivered to city gates as State Engineer Edward Hyatt, as by the Water Project Authority of set up by U. S. Department of executive officer of the Authority, was (7alifornia in a meetinb held iiz Sacra- Interior is shown in the following instructed to consult with engineers mento Septei7iber 8th with United table: of the company concerning• existing States Commissioner of Reclamation facilities of the utility. John C. Pane and other representa- Unit Values—Mills per Kilowatt-Hour Commenting on the proposed work Service to tives of the Federal Government. Public program outlined by the Slate, Com- The program the Water Project customers Pumping hydro and missioner Page declared Authority is undertaking in behalf hydro only steam "I think a great amount of good of the Federal Government includes For Government will result if the Authority steps out delivery to load 1. Preparation of a comprehensive aggressively and lets the people know centers: engineering report on the and that it is now in a position to give means Firm ______3.90 5.18 methods of disposal of Central Val- assistance to districts desiring Central ley Project power. Dump ------1.77 Valley Project po«er. This move will Average ______4.70 2. Assistance in the formation of grow like a snowball rolling down hill public districts in areas desiring to For Government and then. I ani sure you will have no purchase this power. delivery to An- trouble in getting legislation you need 3. Assistance to public agencies in tioch for prayer financing of these districts. determining methods of financing for Firm ______4.28 "I was decidedly pessimistic when public distribution of power. Dump ______1.46 I came to this conference as to the Average ______3.88 manner in which the 1luthority could GOVERNMENT CONTRACT NPCESSARY function as a real asset to the govern- For Government ment and the development of the Cen- Commissioner Pa;e, who approved delivery at tral Talley Project. the program, declared that a working Shasta agreement or contract would have to PAGE IS OPTIMISTIC be drawn up between the Authority Firm ______2.98 and the Federal Government covering Dump ______1.02 "I~Ta~v I am decidedly optimistic work to be undertaken by the State. Average ______2.71 that something can be accomplished— At the same time the Authority again stressing the fact that we are authorized a letter to the legislature partners and ateam—both of us try- which will convene in January asking the fullest benefits and advantages of in~ to get for the State of California for the appointment. of a special com- public ownership. The present ad- the nlasimum benefits from the tre- mittee ~f hoth houses to work with ministration is, and will be, unalter- mendous undertaking on which we are the Authority in framing legislation ably for the public generation and now engaged." needed for the adequate financing of distribution of Central Valley Project At the September 24th meeting of public agencies desiring to distribute power. However, I believe we should the Authority the Glenn-Colusa Irri- Central Valley Project po~~s~er. eghaiist every possibility in preparing gation District, the largest irrigation Tlie Authority, at the suggestion for this change to prevent economic district in the Sacramento Valley, of Chairman Frank W. Clark, also waste thron~h unneeded duplication submitted a request for information went on record favorinb a conference of facilities and I have therefore sug- and assistance concerning the possi- with Federal officials and representa- ;ested this conference between the bility of the district acting as a pur- tives of the Pacific Gas &Electric V~7ater Project Authority, the Federal chaser and distributor of Central Company concerning utilization of Government and the Pacific Gas & Valley Project power for a large existing facilities for the distribu- Electric Company. area on the west side of the Sacra- tion of Shasta power. "It is Governor Olson's belief, in mento Valley. "In making an`r ehaxige from pri- which I share, that part of the neces- Chairman Clark, speaking in behalf vate distribution of power to a pro- sar3r facilities to deliver Central Val- of the Authority, declared that every ram of public ownership," Chairman ley Project power to the people can possible assistance would be given not Clark said, "our first consideration be utilized for a proper and fair con- only to the Glenn-Colusa Irrigation must be the public and to secure for it sicleration, this preventing the eco- District but to all districts and areas iVIax~~ell and Arbuckle Municipal Utilit~~ Districts, and N. C. Steele, mayor of Cohisa, informed the Authority their cities would come within the scope of the Glenn-Colusa proposal and asked that they too be given assistance by the Authority in obtaining Central Valley Project power through public facilities. Miller sharply criticized existing power rates paid by the farmers to the private utility serving the area and stressed the need for immediate action on the part of the Authority or the Federal government in setting up machinery by which areas desiring Shasta Dam power could place themselves in a position to purchase it. "If we are going to get pov~~er and if we are going to get our power costs down," said Miller, "we feel this is our golden opportunity where we have a new source of power to be clistributecl. If proper machiizery is provided we won't have to wait until the transmission line is completed FRANK W. CLARK do~~n through our district to find the EDWARD HYATT Chaiwman, California Water Authority wa3~s and means for distribution of State Engineer po~-er which in itself would probably interested in acquiring Central Val- take several years to complete." to prepare an opinion for the Author- ley electric energy for public clistri- ity on Section 18 of the Central Val- bution. OTI3~R DISTRICTS APPLY ley Project met which has to do with On motion by Attorney General Other districts which have request- the issuance of reveizue bonds. Earl Warren, the Authority unani- The ed assistance or information on ac- construction of the section is not clear nzously went on record instructing the quiring Central Valley power for and two attempts to have this fault executive officer to confer with and public distribution are the Sacra- iiz the act clarified by the Legislature assist aid encourage all areas that mento Municipal Utility District, have failed. Until the section is clari- have indicated a desire to utilize the Banta-Carbons Irrigation District, fied either by legislation or through power from Shasta Dam. The assist- East Contra Costa Irrigation Dis- the courts the Authority can anee to be given will include engineer- not issue trict, Byron-Bethany Irrigation Dis- revenue bonds which would ing and legal aid as required. be salable. trict, West fide Irrigation District, Another highly important The Glenn-Colusa Irrigation develop- Dis- Juaquina-Packwood Canal area, Tu- ment was the presentation trict of a paper is the largest in the S<~cramento lare Central Counties Utility District by State Engineer Valley, serving an Edward Hyatt, area of 122,000 and the cities of Redding, Chico, execLitive officer of the acres and pumping water for several Authority, on Roseville and Lodi. the power prospects of other irrigation districts. In addition the Central Valley Project at a meeting at Shasta to its own territory the irrigation In connection ~~vith these numerous Dam on October 3d of the district outlined a plan to serve requests for information Central out- on Central Valley and Central Coastal lying areas extending Valley Project Basin from the power the Water divisions of the National Glenn-Tehama County line south Project Authority held preliminary Resources to a Planning Board which in Arbuckle. Representatives meeting with acts an ad- of the representatives of the visory capacity to President district the Roose- said area would inchlde united States Bureau of Reclamation velt. half a dozen small cities and ap- and the Department of Interior in proxinlately 15,000 consumers of elec- San Francisco August 28th and 29th. MARKET POR TOTAL POWER tric energy. Previous to the meeting vc~ith Com- The paper outlined the power pro- P. J. Minasian, attorney for the missioner Page the Authority had in- dnction possibilities of Shasta Dam, district, told the Authority his direc- structed its legal staff to make a study the market and possible methods of tors were particularly interested in of the adequacy of existing district disposal, the cities or districts which the possibilities offered through the acts to determine whether the various now own and operate their own sys- issuance of revenue laonds for the districts were properly empowered to purpose of financing distribution lines take advantage of the v~~ater and Shasta Dam picture on the adjoining and asked for information on power page shows impressive progress made in market- to be develo~ecl by the Central construction of huge blocks of concrete in~ of such bonds. Valley Project. on the site of the East abutment of the dam. E. Va3~ne Miller, attorney for the The legal staff «Tas also instructed U. S. Bureau Photo

QTwo~ (Octo~er 1940) California Highwa~rs anel Public Works ~~

~.: ja~R:.:..:.:.:

~ ;

R~ ._. ~ terns ox' generate their own dower and ies showed would be 5.18 milts per inary estimate of the probable vahie those in the process of formation. The kilowatt hour for firm power. of Shasta Dam power, other important discussions paper concluded State Director of Public Works covered: Fed- the Frank W. Clary, as chairman of the Clarification of the part the "There is no question as to in eater Project Authority, declared eral Government expects to play ability of the market to absorb the operation he was gratified with the information the construction and fiiture entire power output that can be of the Central Valley Project. made available and it may confident- the Federal Government had presented. Delineation of the cooperative field ly be expected that disposal will be "In spite of the fact that these fig- in which the Water Project Authority effected by one or the other, or a Lires are only preliminary," Clarl: of California will function. the of dis- combination of methods said, "we are now in a position to Plans for continued conferences be- posal described. tell the people of Califorizia the value tween the State and Federal Gov- of power available from the Cen- ernment on an interim contract and "According to recently annoLmcecl tral Valley Project if they take the the exchange of engineering data on expectations of the Bureau of Recla- necessar~~ steps to buy it. possible methods of operation of the lnation, Shasta power will be avail- "This, however, is going to necessi- project. able in 1945. If this po`ver is to be tate the forming of proper districts utilized through the ineclium of pub- WATER AUTHORITY'S POSITION and v~~hile the tiVater Project Author- ]icly owned electric iltility systems in ity of California is willing and ready In a. formal statement at the open- conformity with the preference grant- to cooperate with areas wishing to ing of the conference, PZr. Clark, as ecl by both Federal and Mate law, form these districts by furnishing as- chairman of the eater Project gu- public agencies must be or~aizized and sistance and engineering information, thority, summed up the authority's preparations made without delay so it can not go beyond that point at this position in regard to the Central Va1- that the necessary electric facilities time. ley Project as follows required for such wholesale disposal "Bureau representatives told the "It is essential that the proper re- of power from the project can be `Vater Project ~iuthority quite specif- spective functions, duties and re- planned and constriictecl and so that ically the intention of the sponsibilities of the authority and the local. distributing systems can be pro- that it was Federal Government to build and op- United States relative to the construc- vicled, by the tiiiie the power becomes erate the project. Mr. Wright said tion, operation and management of available." that the government world also assist the project should be defined. Jean Vincei~z, Director of Public in the forming of districts for the "We want to know, first, the price, ~~Vorks of Fresno, discussed the paper public distribution of Central Valley kind and quantity of the commodity for the group and pointed out the Project power. To date, Mr. Wright we are asked to sell, and second, what difficulties which are encountered by said, nothing has been done by the authority we are to have in disposing ptitblic abencies in acquiring distri- promoting of it. ~Pe can not provide buyers be- systems.. Federal authorities in bution fore we are put in a position to give Regional Director E. tiV. Kramer, these districts. "The Water Project Authority them the answers to these questions." of the Federal tower Commission, through its staff is in a position to do Replying, Mr. Wright quoted from told the board that all present esti- work. The figure of 5.18 mills letter written to Governor Olson by inates of power consumption in Cali- this a for firm power will be available only Secretary of the Interior Harold L. fornia covering the next three years which have been prop- in which said would have. to be revised upward be- to the agencies Ickes, he erly and are in a position cause of the iizcreases caused by the organized this power. ICKES~ LETTER TO GOVERNOR national defense program. to make a bid for That where the greatest bottleneck will "In the sale of Central Valley To be properly integrated with is occur. Power will be available in the power, the State, or an agency of market demands and the program for acting in the of meeting those demands, Kramer cle- spring of 1945, tivhich gives unorgan- the State interests a of public having clarecl that Shasta Dam power should ized districts contemplating the pub- group agencies Dam power power would, under suit- be made available in 1943 when it is lic distribution of Shasta outlets, if able be admirably quali- estimated present and planned capaci- all too little time to organize even conditions, the ties for generation of power other they begin work at once. fied to receive preference given by the law. The State of Califor- than Shasta Danz will be absorbed. "Our duty on the Water Project inform of nia, Ifeel, has a responsibility in Announcement of the probable Authority is to the public situation and if possible arouse connection with the Central Valley value of Central Valley Project this them to action so they will be in a Project. This responsibility, in power by R. V. L. Wright, special position to participate in the benefits part at least, might be discharged representative of the U. S. Depart- of cheaper power rates." by the State's making itself ready ment of Interior, marked the high Numerous other issues concerning to act as a power distributor or point in the conference between mem- the future of the Central Valley Pro~- ready to act in the interests of pub- bers of the ~Tater Project Authority ect were clarified during the discus- lic power distributors. The inter- of California and representatives of sions which ranged from the history est of the Department of Interior the Bureatil of Reclamation, which was of origination of the project by is to gain the widest possible held iii San Francisco, 1~ugust 28th the the financing and public benefits from the project, aiicl 29th. the State, through present construction period on to fu- and if it furthered this interest, I The value of electric power deliv- ture policies and possibilities. would be glad to make a contract ered to city gates, the Federal stud- In addition to presenting a prelim- with the State or a proper author-

QFour~ (o~easeY i~4o~ Cetliforniet Highways and Public 11~orks it~~ of the State for disposal of Cen- tral. Valley power. "I have encouraged aricl «gill. can- tinile to encourage the State to help us in this manner." S~~ecifically 1~Zr. Wright asked the 1Va,ter Project Authority to outline_ t'~ir ~~ir•esentatioil to the Secretary of the [ntei•ior ~ definite pla~~~ by tl~.e Mate of, what ~t can do n2 the way of or~anizinb ai~cl financing public districts for tl~e distribution of Central "f~lley Project power.

PLAN FOR STATE ACTION "Lased on such information as the tit~te may care t~ submit to us," ti~ri~ht caicl, "ire hope to be alale to cori.ve~ to the Secretary of the Inte- ri~r our o}?inion as to the readiness, ~~l~ility and willin~n~se of the State to aicl the development of this project in the matter of the sale and c~istributioil ~f power. It would seem appropriate

Calif oraaa~ I~ighways and Public Works (October 1940) QFive~ Proposed Arroyo Seco Parkway Extension to Los Angeles Business Center Through Elysian Park

By A. D. GRIFFIN, District OFFice Engineer, District VII

IN AND around the metropolitan 22 southerly along North Figueroa Street and Avenue 22 for north- Los Anbeles area it is almost a Street, in order to relieve the bad bound traffic only. foregone conclusion that when a traffic congestion across the Los An- 2. Construct additional four-lane ne~v improved highway facility is geles River Bridge, through the Riv- bridge across the Los Angeles opened to the public so large a vol- erside Drive intersection, and in the River upstream from existing ume of traffic is attracted to it that four Elysian Park tunnels where bridge, the grade of the southerly the adjoining sections of this highway even now during the morning and end of the bridge to be above Riv- which have not already been ade- evening rush hours the trafTic delays erside Drive, permitting north- to quately improved become badly over- are intolerable?" bound Riverside Drive traffic taged. We are certain to face this turn left under the new bridge. situation when the ~rrovv Seco Park- F%istinb traffic cong•e5tion on North 3. Construct afour-lane roadway, in -- h ~~C~ r [_ ~-~~- `~jv%~ —~ i_J ~ , ~i ~- f G ~ L \ J J~ ' -] _ `9

0. i ~ ~! ~. 1. ~ ~~ ~ /~ ~~ J' ~,' i' J ~'~1~~~~ q~ 'r` ~~~~, ~~~~ /~`T~{Ei~1.Y !EXTENSION"v " ~ pUl ' .~ ~~ .~(!y' ~~NNEL6'y'/ JJ~ '\~ i~~ ~j E%16T IH9~ 4~ARR -,R . z ~ Q> -/ Y , -~_~'; o ~ -_=~ .r. — ~` . ~~~ -... ~ ,`-- _ , - ;iii !~ENrER,c~~~ ~'o~n1 . -u~I Io,~ S A N G E

a aoe• z000• a000 i ~, SCaI

Map of Proposed Southerly Extension of Arroyo Seco Parkway into Los Angeles Business District

way is completed, particularly from Figueroa street is shown by recent open cuts if possible, for south- the southerly terminus at Avenue 22 photographs accompanying this ar- bound traffic on the westerly side into the business district of Los A~i- ticle. It is not difficult to imagine of existing tunnels and at a higher geles city. ghat will happen when the Arroyo elevation to facilitate grade sep- Los Angeles city and county traffic Seco Parkway is opened to traffic be- arations for traffic at Solano Ave- authorities, and the general public fore the proposed increased facilities nue, Bishops Road and at Cas- who will use the Arroyo Seco Park- to the south have been completed. telar Street. way between Los Anbeles and Pasa- The general plan developed by the 4. The new work on Figueroa Street dena after it is completed, are even State for handling this situation is- from Avenue 22 to Adobe Street now asking the question to be on a freeway basis. 1. Use the four existing tunnels, "What does the State propose to roadway end bridge over Los An- At the time the city- of Los Angeles do in Los Angeles city from Avenue geles Ri~~er between Castelar built the existin~~ tunnels they- e~:-

~ s;X~ (October 1940) California Highways and Public Works North Figueroa Street Bridge over Los Angeles River showing effect of traffic making left turn for Riverside Drive

Traffic through Nor4h Figueroa Street tunnels meets cross traffic at Solano Street intersection

California Highways and Public forks (October 1940) QSaven~ At top and bottom—Views looking southerly along Castelar Street showing interference of late afternoon traffic on North Figueroa Street by reason of southbound traffic on Figueroa Street making left turn into Castelar Street. This condition will be eliminated by a grade separation on proposed extension route pected, ~n~hen traffic. clevelopecl suffi- the State bLidgetecl funds. The Cali- greater possibilities for beaLitifieation cientl~T to require it, to construct a fornia High~~a~~ Commission made and la.izdscaping. This study of parallel line of tunnels. A receizt these savings available for starting "open-cnt versLis tunneling" imme- estimate by the city for an additional ~~~ork on the Arroyo Seco Parkway- cliately raised the question of stabil- four-lane bridge across the Los An- Southerly Extension through Elysian it3r of the cut slopes and involved us ~eles River acid the additional lime of Park leaclin~ into downtown Los An- in aeolo~ical considerations. tunnels and four-laize roadwav from eles. District Materials Engineer R. J. 1lvenue 22 to Adobe Street was liven A study was made to determine the ~111an, ~~~ho has had considerable out as $2,500,000. possibility of substituting open-cut training and experience in geological B~- reason of the fact that coiisider- construction for the road«gay through and mining studies and investiga- able PW~1 and WPA Federal funds the Elysian Park Hills instead of tun- tions, made an extensive geological became available for the ~rrovo Seco nel construction. P~oadways in open- survey of this portion of the Elysian Park~~vay construction «~hich were not cuts are preferable to tunnels because Park area through which the North anticipated ~~vhen the highway budget of greater safety and efficiency in ve- Figueroa Street tunnels have been vas adopted, savings have resulted in hicular operation, and also because of constructed. The studies conducted

QEight~ (October 1940) California Highways and Public Works by Mr. Allan were for the purpose of answering questions as follows 1. If open cuts are constructed instead of tunnels, what cut slopes should be used in order to be as- sured of safety from future lancl- slides ~ 2. tiVhat ~~ould be the effect of eccen- tric loaclinb on the existing tunnels clue to open cut construction near- bv2 3. What would be the closest distance from existing tLinnels that open cuts could be constructed withoLtt clanger of damage to the existing tniu~els2 4. ti~'hat would be the future possibil- it~- of damae diie to earthquake action 2

Some years ago a large landslide occLU recd in Elysian Park, only one- fourth mile distant from the northerl3~ portal ~f the North Figueroa, Street Tunnel near the Riverside Drive con- nect.ion ana city authorities were fear- fiil of possible damage to the tunnels because of landslide conditions. Dr. John P. Buwalda, eminent geologist of California Institute of 'Technology, was enbaged to make a geological stLldy by the city to determine safety of existing tunnels. Because of Dr. Buwalda's famili- arit~- with this vicinity, the State en- gabed him as a Consultinb Geologist in regard to feasibility and safety of the district's plans for open-cuts in- steacl of tunnels for the contemplated Arroyo S e c o Parkway Extension southerly through the Elysian Park Hills. It was most gratifying to find that Dr. Buwalda's investigations and View through three Figueroa Street tunnels under Elysian Park report gave full approval of ouz• plans. Geological reports are not al- were further soliclifiecl by the clepo- exposed iiz the tLmnel district but ways "dry as dList" although they sition of calcium carbonate in the they are i~ot seriously detrimental lamely deal with ancient happenings pore s~~aces, cementing the constit- to engineering operations. No aid certain sections of Dr. Buwalda's iient particles together: The sand- major faults pass through or near geological report of August 21, 1940, stones are hence harder than ver3T the Figueroa Tunnels. which will be of interest to readers young sedimentary formations or "Iiz some parts of southern Cali- of this article, are being quoted soils, but softer and less strong fornia the rocks are so severely than grai~ite. jointed as to make construction "GEOLOGY—The rocks of the "ln ai~3r region ii1 ~~vhich the operations very difficult. The North Figtiteroa Street tunnel area stzata have been tilted to angles of strata in the Figueroa Street ttin- belong to the Puente formation, 3U or 4~ degrees, minor faults de- nel district are only normally which is of Miocene age. The mate- velo~ in response to the inequality jointed aiicl shattered rock is un- rials were laid down in the sea as of relief afforded by the harder and common. sands and m~.las some 12 millions softer parts of the formation. Such "The direction of the tunnels is of years ago and, buried beneath faults are seldom long and aside such that they cross the moderately thousands of feet of yoLmger sedi- from shattering the rock somewhat dipping strata at a large angle, ments, they became compacted to locally they are not important. A which is a much more fortunate re- strata of sandstone and shale. They number of such minor fractures are (Continued on page 14)

California Highways and Public Works (October 1940) QNine~ East Shore ~ligh~nray Project Wins Assurance of Highway Commission

FURTHER. development in Cali- dertaking, Mr. Barrett informed the State's participation in the acquisi- fornia of the freeway type of Central California East Shore High- tion of rights of way will amount to highway construction became as- way Committee, the Oakland Cham- $430,000. sured when the Highway Commission ber of Commerce and other civic To a large delegation of citizens at its meeting in Oakland on Septem- groups that funds would be made from Alameda, San Joaquin, Santa ber 27th pledged itself to start build- available in the 1941-43 bu~l~et for a Clara and 1VIonterey counties which ing the proposed East Shore Highway start on the project. was present at the Oakland meeting betweeiz Oakland and San Jose next The East Shore Highway will be a of the commission, Chairman Barrett year. six-lane. divided freeway with separa- said The commission, through its chair- tion structures at various important inan, Larry Barrett, promised to in- cross roads such as Fifth Avenue and STATEMENT BY BARRETT clude in its nett biennial budget Fruitvale Avenue. "The commission is in accord with funds to launch actual construction ~1 possible first unit would extend your thoubhts on this project and oiz the first tilnit of the project. from Fifth and Oak streets to Thirty- when ~~ve begin holding our budget Already $1,03Q,000 have been spent fifth flvenue, and cost approximately sessions in Sacramento in October to by the State and the city of Oakland $2,000,000. prepare our next biennial budget, I jointly in the purchase of rights of am sure you will be pleased with the way for the new highway from Fifth CITY AND STATE COOPERATE consideration we shall give to the Avenue and Oak Streets in Oakland From the 4-ceizt gas tax revenues East Shore Highway. We consider to Fiftieth ~lveilue, south of Fruit- for State highway construction with- this project a very important job vale. in municipal limits the city of Oak- which should be undertaken imme- While t~!e commission was unable land will have contributed about diately." to indicate the exact sum of money it $600,000 by the end of the present The design of the new freeway, as would be able to allocate for the un- biennium for rights of way and the far as overhead structures and cross-

Sketch of proposed overhead structure for East Shore Highway traffic over Fruitvale Avenue and railroad tracks in Oakland

QTen~ (October 1940) California Highways and Public V~orks BAST S~1C1R~; I~IG~I~VAY ~--~ PR.~Pt3S~D ~'I`I2Ut~TLIRE. c~v ~.s~ S~t~uru~.Rn~ P:acs~i~ R.R-~~s~r~~.~ P~c~E~c R_~ LAKE A'~~RRC~'T ~,4NdL QAKIANt}

Proposed Divided ~-iighway Structure for East Shore traffic over Lake Merritt Canal and railroad tracks in Oakland ing separations are. concerned, will be similar to that on the Arroyo Seco September Traffic on Bay Bridge Parl~~vay betv~~een Los tln~eles and Pasadena, now nearing completion, and the design for the proposed Bay Sets an All-Time High Record Shore Freeway between San Fran- cisco and Palo Alto. The East Shore High«ray is de- ~RAFFIC on the San Frai~cisco- the exposition and .return iad to be saned to Oakland Bay Bridge reached an handled by the collectors three times, 1. Provide adequate tran~.portatior~ all-time high record during Sep- the total nLimber of vehicles actually bet`veen Oakland anc~ valley points tember, amonth of 30 days. Since Dandled on that day amounted to for agriculture and indLtstrial needs. the end of the month saw the close of 98,273. the Treasure Island Exposition, it is September traffic on the San Fran- 2. Open a satisfactory trade route probable that the September traffic c sco-Oakland Bay Bridge, the Car- between Oakland and San Jose. figures will stand for some time. gLiinez and Antioch bridges is tabu- 3. Provide an easier route to reach The heaviest day of the month was lated below. The figures for the Car- recreation areas. on SLU~day, September 29, when 75,- quii~ez and Antioch brides are for 4. Elimiizate a defense k~ottleneck, 149 ~~ehicles were accouiztecl for. In- the period from ll a.m., September openiizg routes to the Oakland Naval asmuch as the traffic. from Oakland to 16, to the end of the month only. Supply Depot, the Alameda Naval San Francisco- Air Base, SLlnnyj~ale and Hamilton Oakland Bay Carquinez Antioch Fields and Camp Ord. Bridge Bridge Bridge Passenger autos and auto trailers______1,552,245 127,494 7,923 congestion clur- 5. Eliminate traffic Motorcycles and tricars _____ 4,874 4~3 20 in such events as football Baines. Buses ______31,084 2,151 92 ~1 report of a traffic check made last Trucks and truck trailers______67,463 11,44 2,102 June on East 12th Street presented to Others ______22,303 67 12 the commission showed that 40,000 au- tomobiles traveled that clay on that Total vehicles ______1,677,969 141,629 10,149 four-lane street, which. co~lstitutes a traffic bottleneck. "FULL OF IPTFORMATIOId" first, before being passed around and eventually to our files. I find it so inter- Pssentials for a good date garnered from California Highways esting and full of information about a ;eneral survey of men around the campus and Public Works, California's highways that I would like upon your 1. She doesn't eat much. P. O. Box 1499, to be placed mailing list. Kindly send the publication to my home 2. She's good looking. Sacramento, California. address. 3. She doesn't eat much. Dear Sirs: Very truly yours, 4. She's a good dancer. am an employee of the United States R. J. BRUN, 5. She doesn't eat much. Engineer Office, and your fine magazine 1777 Vallejo Street. —College humor sent to our office falls into my hands San Francisco, California.

California Highways and Pu&lic Works (~ctober 1940) QEleven~ Rugged Point Mugu on the Coast Highway in Ventura County has had its point cut off by a safe modern highway H~h~ g wa y ThruhP~nto ~ 0~ uug By G. R. HALTON, Resident Engineer

TEN miles southeasterly from Additional grading and the construc- ~l~nnecl at Point Mubu it was logical, Oxnard in Ventura County the tion of a t~~o-lane portland cement therefore, that the work be done by terrain bordering the Coast concrete pavement were done by con- the day labor construction cretiv al- Highway, which is designated as U. tract in 1928-29, and a third lane of ready established and equipped at the S. 101 Alternate (State RoLite 60), pavement was added in 1933. site of the work. changes abruptly at Point Mugu from Meanwhile day labor shore protec- The alignment standards of this a tidal flat to an irregular, rocky, tion work has been carried on con- ear13~ constrLiction were far below sharply sloping coast line which continuously to the present time, with those demanded by modern high speed tinLies for approximately six miles, concrete sea wall construction begiil- traffic. The problem of iinprovin~ where it changes to alhivial bench ning in 1928. Because skore defense this alignment was partictitlarly diffi- land. -ork can be done only during low cult because of the necessity for using At Point MLlgLl the physical eharac- titles in calm weather, other work has the existing road during the construc- teristics and the resultant problems of necessarily been provided fir the day tion o~ a~1,y irnprovements. Compre- clesi~n and construction are most diffi- labor crew, in order to hold it i~1 read- hensive relocations were. projected, cult. Approximately nineteei7 years iness for einer~ency repairs. but were not adaptable to stage con- ado work was begun at this point by These S+ate forces, tilnder Constiuc- struction which limited budget alloca- day labor cre«~s, «rho slowly prepared tioii SLiperintenclent M. L. Sullivan, tioi~s made necessary. a route arc~tilnd the rocky cliffs and have clone considerable slope excava- Thy demand for an improved align- caves of the point. Iii 1923-24 a tion for minor wideninb or for remov- ment at Point Mugti was indicated by major highway construction contract inb precarious material and have also the matey seriotits and fatal accicleizts extended the rough grading from done intich slide cleanup work. which occLirred there, one accident re- Point Mugu to Little S~camor.e Creek. tiVhen alignment improvement was sultii~~ in three fatalities. Early in

~ Twelve ~ (October 1940) Calif o~ °nia Highways and Public Works 1937 the studies of this rugged coast line hacl not indicated the complete ultimate location of the road, but it was obvious that whatever the relocation, approximately the same improve- inent at Point Mugu itself woillcl hold. Frmn the standpoints of traffic safety and of alignment the most urgent izeed was there. Therefore, in Octo- ber, 1937, the work of gradin5 a cut 200 feet iiz depth through the rocky ridge of the point was begun. The contemplated design was for ~ :1 slopes in cut with a 60-foot roadbed on a curve of 2000 feet radius, re- placing the old 275-foot radius curve around the point. Adjacent fills were to be 80 feet wide and provision was made for future widening of the Point Mugu cut to 80 feet. ~ total of 320,000 cubic yards of excavation was involved at Point Mugu alone and an additional 15,000 ~~ards for adjacent sections. Changes during constrtitction broLight the total to 400,OQ0 cubic ,yards. Contrary to most jobs this material was not all utilized for embankment pnr. poses ; it ~~as not a balanced job. Heavy riprap was used to protect the ocean side of existing fill slopes or to protect concrete sea walls from undermining. l~Tany thousands of cubic yards which were not of riprap grade were used to backfill wave washed fill slopes and to build up the ocean floor and beach in front of the walls. Approximately 40 per cent of the excavated material was placed in new roadway embankment, most of which was across the tidal lands northwesterly from Point Mugu. The cut was made by bulldozing the softer upper layers and by drilling and blasting the remainder from steep, full-section working faces. Black powder in conjunction with stick d3~namite was the principal ex- plosive used but some 5 per cent gr~izul~r blasting powder and a small quantity of 20 per cent bad dynamite were tried. An average of 0.537 of a pound of explosives ~~as used for each cubic ~and blasted, assuming 20 per cent of total displacement to have been mechanically made, ~~ithout ex- ~losives. Grading; equipment consisted of a 1~-yard diesel shovel with. from two to ten clump trucks, an ankle dozer and RD8 tractor, and two compressors and five jackhammers. Motor graders and a spreader box were used to lay the plant mix surfacing. During the progress of the work it was cleeidec~ to make eonneetionr~ with Blasting and excavation scenes at cut through Point Mugu and old road around ocean end of mountain (Continued on page 21)

California Highways and Public Works (o~roee,~ i94o~ Q Thirteen ~ Sketch of Proposed lo►rroyo Seco Parkway Extensioi /;=~. ,fi'''r ~ Federal ~rorks Progress ~lclministra- ..~ lam-,.~~~ ,~ tion for some of the new construction work to be done by WPA forces. It is proposed that the WPA worl~ers will do only that portion of the worl~ which is adapted to their operations

l ;p /i ~.

" - ; --_ ~~ 1,/s

.~ (Continued from page 9) lation than various others «~hich ~/~ might have occurred. -'o "Broadly speakin;, the eological ,- zs conditions are more favorable than ~; in the average case, for coizstruction of either tLlnnels or open cLits. "L~1NDti~LIDES—At the time of the Elysian Park landslide some anxiety was felt for the existing Figueroa Street tunnels, the slide proeed by Dr. ~3uwalda, is not being less than one-fourth mile dis- only more desirable for traffic tant and in rocks similar to those but is considerably cheaper pierced by the tunnels. The topob- than an additional line of tun- raphy and structure in areas OLlt- nels. The approximate estimate side but contiguous to the tunnel of cost for this freeway devel- or cut sites are not such as to ren- opment between Avenue 22 and der probable the development of Adobe Street on the basis of open cuts /~i landslides which might move into instead of tunnels, is $1,500,000, such as right of r~,1~f~ '------'~ the cuts or destroy the tunnels, and based on some WPA assistance as way clearing, recon- it is believed that adoption of 1:1 1lereinafter outlined. City of Los structin o~ Elysian Yark facilities, slopes, with the exceptions rioted, Angeles officials concur in this solu- carrying out roadway grading, con- will prevent landsliding in the walls tion of the problem of creating a structing retaiiziizg walls and other of the cuts. free«•ay extension for the Arroyo related work. Deco Parkway. Although plan prepa- The substructure for the proposed ` —California `EARTHQUAKES ration is barely started ancl design cle- new bridge on the Los Angeles River is an earthquake region and it is tails still have to be «orked out, the to carry southbound traffic is also certain, taking into re- account the ;~eneral scheme for Arroyo Seco Park- work that will be handled by the carded shock history of the State, ~s~ay Southerly Extension through ~~PA forces. It is then proposed that that the tunnels gild cuts will expe- Elysian Park is shown on the perspec- the new Los Anbeles River bridge rience severe shaking duriizg their tive sketch accoinpanyin~ this article. superstructilre and also the necessary lifetime. If tunnels are built earthquake accelerations should be The Federal authorities, realizing bridge structures at Castelar Street, taken into account iii the design that many ti~TPA projects in this vi- Bishop's Road, Park Row a,nd Solano and construction. It is believed cinity are drativi~~g to a close, are very Avenue, v~~hich require intricate that 1:1 slopes, «pith exceptions anxious to have other important pub- specialized work not appropriate for ~ mentioned, will be stable iiz an lic work available to utilize workers WPA operations, be constructed by unem- earthgLiake of the magizitiide and from the large reservoir of advertising and lettiizg State contracts ployed in the metropolitan Los An- intensity of the San Francisco in the usual way. ~;eles area. There are certain portions earthquake of 1906, which is prob- While much preliminary work has ably strong of the ~~oxk on the proposed Southerly as a shock as it is eco- already been done this is a project nomically practicable to guard Extension of the Arroyo Seco Park- which many against." ~uay on which these WPA workers requires intricate de- can be used advantageously. signs for storm drains, sewers, retain- The open ctit constriction, the safe- Mr. Frank W. Clark, Director of iiig walls, and bridge structures, and ty and stability of which was ap- Public Worl~s, has arranged with the it will be several months before all

QFourteen~ ~o~rov~,~~9ao~ Cdlifo~-nia I~ighzvays and Public Works Through Elysian Park to l.os ~►ngeles Civic Center

plans ca,n be coizipleted for the Ar- TYPICAL CROSS-SECTION royo Seco Parkway Southerl~~ Exten- sion between Avenue 22 and Adobe Street, which is 1.5 miles in length. But during the interval while detailed plans are bein; prepared, it is pro- ~~'~ovn posecl that certain of the coizstruction tivork be carried out iiuinecliately by s \\~U~ ~VPA day-labor operations on those portions of the project for which plans can be turned out quickly. ~ large force of men has already started on the WPA portion of the work, clearing for the new open cuts and carefully boxing and moving for later replanting, all valuable or de- NEW ROADWAY /N OPEN CUT FOR SOUTH-BOUND TRAFF/C ONLY

FREEWAY DEYELOPM ENT FOR SOUTHERLY EXTENSION ARROYO SECO PARKWAY EX/ST/NG N.F /GUEROA ST. TUNNELS AVENUE 22 TO ADOBE ST TO BE US£D FOR NORTN-BOl/NO TRAFF/C aM/LY

sirable trees within the occupied Park area. The remaining plan preparation will be vigorously pushed so that construction contracts can be advertised and awarded for the required bridge cozistruction, to the end that all various essential items of construction «pork will be carried out expeditiously and that this southerly extension of Arroyo Seco Parkwa~~ will. be made available for traffic as soon as possible. Perspective Drawing by H2r,~nphr~~s

California Highways and Public 1~orks (October 1940) ~ Fifteen itelocation of Obsolete Section of U.S. 99 In Tehama County Underway

By F. W. HASELWOOD, District Engineer

THE improvement of six miles itself with imlilmerable restrictions in clesi~n in terms of sight c~istauces, of the Pacific Highwa;~ in Teha- sight distance, caused by sharp, hori- passing and non-passing, of the num- ma County from Red Bluff zoi~tal or vertical curves or combina- ber of restrictions per mile and of north is a contiiivatioiz of the cam- tions of both, which restrict passing free-flowiizg traffic. We talk of rl~ulti- paign to modernize this heavily far long distances, impede the normal lane and divided highways, hilt a first traveled route. It is another attack flow and cause congestion and hazards. step in remedying the conditions that on the few remaining stretches of 15- Nothing is static in highway affairs, prevail on an obsolete highwa~~ with a foot pavement on State highways. particularly those relating to or affect- pavement 15 feet wide is to provide This six-mile improvement will replace ed by the increasing volume and the best two-lade highway permitted a twenty-year-old highway that has chanting behavior of traffic. High- by the character of the country. seen traffic pass by in increasing vol- way design must keep a jump ahead The relocation north of Red Bluff is ume, speed and weight until it has of these chaizges that affect it, even throuo~h rolling country. The c~esian become obsolete to meet present re- though highway finances seem never prop-ides for a free flow of traffic at quirements. The new road will em- to be able even to keep up with them. all points at the present legal speed body the best that engineers now and with one short exception, at know in the matter of providing for a INiPRO~ING SIGHT DISTANCE speeds of 60 miles per hour. To cross safe and free flow of traffic. Therefore, new standards for safe a to«~, broad ridge begini~irib about a The road that in its day served well highway alignment and grades have mile oitt of Recl Bluff, the problem of and faithfully its purpose now finds been set up, and we talk of highway securing the desired minimum sight

One cf sharp curves eliminated by relocation of old section of U. S. 99 north of Red Bluff in Tehama County

QSixteen~ ~o~tobe,-iv4o~ Calafornia Highways and Public Wo~~ks Top and center—Views of dumping and rolling cement stabilized base material on prepared subgrade of relocation north of Red Bluff Bottom—Operation of applying curing seal of asphaltic emulsion on prepared subbase-

California Highways and Public Works (Qcfober 1940) QSeventeen~ ~„ .,x,~.,s ,~ ; ~r -•~ ~~~ ;~' ,

n ~ ..

Finished base ready for second course of plant- mixed, machine-spread asphaltic concrete-

distance of 2200 feet offered a severe as other features. For several years, prevent evaporation during the curing challenge and was finally solved by field experiments have been made with period. The result is a combination the use of a vertical curve 8000 feet the use of portland cement as a stabil- that looks and acts like concrete. The long. Until challenged by a longer izer for the material composing the first seven-day test showed a com- one, this vertical curve will claim the pavement base. On this project, an- pressive strength of 1245 pounds per record for length of any such curve other step has been taken toward the square inch. on any highway. development of a lower cost but still Over this stabilized grave] base will substantial and durable surface suit- be placed a plant-mixed, machine- CHANNEL CHANGE INVOLVED able for heavy, main-line traffic. spread layer of bituminous mix three For clearly half its length, the high- inches thick and 22 feet wide. Bitum- way relocation encroaches on the CEMENT STABILIZED BASE inous-mixed shoulders will be five feet channel of Blue Tent Creek. This is Gravel from the channel change was wide on each side. The asphalt used one of those creeks that has a broad, spread over the entire width of grade will have a penetration of from 71 to gravelly bed, from 200 to 500 feet to a compacted depth of six inches. 100. Mineral aggregate will be pro- wide, and a small flow in normal win- Additional gravel from the stream duced from gravel from the stream ters that meanders back and forth in bed was crushed to one inch maximum bed of Blue Tent Creek, which will be a poorly defined channel and an in- size and mixed in a large concrete crushed and segregated into three frequent flow that sometimes covers mixer that handles 8000 pounds at sizes before being combined. almost the entire stream bed. one time, with 6 per cent of cement In some respects conditions were To provide assurance that this flow and sufficient water to provide the op- ideal for this type of surface. An in- would not disturb the highway which timum moisture for maximum com- exhaustible supply of gravel was avail- occupied portions of the old stream p~ ction. able at the middle of the job. It was becl, a channel change 2.5 miles lonb This mixture was spread on the of such size that crushing to a magi- was made about 250 feet away from road to a width of 24 feet and to a mum size of 1 inch for the stabilized the road. Since material excavated compacted depth of six inches. This base and 2 inch for the bituminous from the cuts was of poor quality, the layer was rolled with a 12-ton, three- mix was not expensive. These sizes gravel removed from the channel wheeled roller, leveled with a blade contributed much to the workability change played an important part in and lightly sprinkled during rolling, of the mixes. The 6 inch by 24 foot the design of the road surface. finished with drubber-tired roller and cement-stabilized base will cost about The absence of anything static in covered with a fifth of a gallon of as- $6,550 per mile, and the bituminous road design applies to surfaces as well phaltic emulsion to a square yard to top will cost $5,550 per mile.

QEighteen~ (October 1940) California Highways and Public Works Walter T. Ballow New Secretary State Adopts Of Highway Commission a Program for Marketing TRANSFERRED by Governor Po~►e~ Culbert L. Olson to a larger field {Continued from page 5) of public service, Walter T. Bal- lou, the Governor's assistant executive and 178,000,000 kilowatt hours of secretary, assumed the office of secre- secondary po~ver at Antioch. tary to the California Highway Coin- The figures were based on the inission on October 1, succeeding Wal- assumption that 40 per cent of the ter Chambers, who resigned. $103,000,000 cost of Shasta Dam Because of his familiarity with the would be allocated to po~~er. If the State Highway System Mr. Ballow is Federal government built secondary considered by Goverizor Olson to be transmission Hiles from the substation ideally equipped for his new position. at Antioch to city gates the value of He is well acquainted with the many the power would be 5.18 mills per kiio- problems confronting the highway watt hour for firm energy and 1.77 Commission and has a wide knowledge mills for secondary energy or an over- of the road needs of every county in all average value of 4.70 mills per the. State. kilowatt hour. Mr. Ballon has been in State service since February, 1939, when he was TOTAL ESTIDZATED REVENUE appointed Deputy Director of the De- The total required revenLie for re- partment of Motor Vehicles. He was payment, operation and maintenance transferred from this office in April, of the po~~er features of the project. 1939, to the State Relief Ac~ministra- was estimated at $6,652,000 a year. tion v~=here he acted as Director of If the entire output were sold at the Persoi7nel until ilugust, 1939, when average figures quoted the income he was appointed assistant executive would be $7,202,000 or 8.3 per cent secretary for the Governor. I3e WALTER T. BALLOU Aver the required income. served in that capacity until October Attending; the conference as repre- 1 of this ,year, when he assumed the Governor Olson expressed his thanks and appreciation to Mr. Cham- sentative of the Federal government. duties of Highway CommiSSion secre- were tary. bers for his loyal services as Relief Administrator R. V. L. ~~right, Special Representative of Coining to California in 1907, Mr. and Highway Commis- Department of Interior ; sion secretary and voiced the hope Balloil established himself in Los An- ~~'all~er R. Yottng, Supervising Engineer of geles, where he actively engaged in that future developments will permit Central STalley Project.; the automotive industry for 25 years, the fiirther use of Chambers' services Harvey F. 1VIcPhail, Senior Electrical successfully operating and managing in Suite work. Fn~ineer ; manufacturing companies of his own Arthur Goldschmidt, Observer from Office of Under Secretar~~ A. J. Wirts ; which manufactured and distributed WANTEID IN PHILIPPINES G. A. Pleminb, ~lectrieal IIngineer ; of own in- automotive instruments his J. It. Riter, Hydraulic Enbineer ; vention in many of world. Collegio De San Carlos, Cebu City, P. I. parts +he Phil Dickinson, Director of Information, For many years Mr. Balloil took an Mr. Frank W. Clark, Director, Central Valley Project. active part in civic and business af- California Highways Representing the Water fairs in Southern California. and Public Works Project Authority of California Mr. ~a11oL1's appointment was an- Sacramento, California. were mem- ilounced by Chairman Larry Barrett. bers: of the Highway Commission at a Dear Sir: P'ranl~ V~~. Clark, Director of Public Works, meeting of the Commission in Oak- We are fortunate this year to have a Chairman ; complete College of Engineering in our land on September 27. In selecting Farl j~'arren, Attorney General ; institution. We can boast that it is one Charles G. Johnson, State. Treasurer ; lZr. Ballots, Governor Olson said : of the best in the Islands. John R. Richards, Director of "~~alter Ballow is entitled to this We owe our success in building up this Finance.. promotion and the duties of the office college to some contributors in States Also who have given their help, as in books, are perfectly sLiited to his abilities. magazines or newspapers to our library. Edward Hyatt, Etecutive Officer ; The Highway Commission could not In like manner, we would like to beg you A. D. Edmonston, Acting Secretary find a more faithful, a more honest ar to include us in your free mailing list. \TOrthcutt Ely,. Special Leal Representative, a more capable man for the position Thanking you in advance for the favor, and others. of secretary than Mr. Salloix. He de- beg to remain serves the confidence placed in him by Very respectfully, Haughty One•: "Sure, I've three fraternity all with whom he has worked in his pins. I've got. three boy friends." AMANCIO ALCORDO, Dean, Other Gal: "H'm. T'l~at puts you a coupla public activities." College of Engineering. c~hump~ ahead of me~."

Cetliforni~ Highways and Publac ZVorks (Octaberl940) QNineteen~ I~su~ -,

=rs r

~5~' ~. Fw°«'• ~ .. ~~ ~ ~ ~ i *~ - g, °yi e ;~ ' .'~.._._ ~ ,3,a '.``r,~ ,.3'.

Section of recently improved State Highway No. 17 in Nevada County on new alignment eliminating many curves Thirty Sharp Curves Eliminated Between Auburn and Crass Valley

By CHARLES H. WHITMORE, District Engineer

MOTORISTS Lising State High- Rattlesnake Creek have become in- many curves on the old route com- way No. 17 (Sign Route 49) creasingly hazardous. A~ a result, bined to make up a total curvature between Auburn and Grass several serious accidents have oc- of 1379 degrees, while the- total on Valley in Nevada County are now curred and many others have been the new construction amounts to traveling over the recently impioved narro~~vly averted. Improvement of only 87 degrees, a decrease of 1292 section been advocated for section between one and one-half this has degrees. Tlie new alignment and some time and funds for reconstruc- grades were designed in accordance miles south and one and one-half tion were inchided in the current miles north of Rattlesnake Creek with standards providing fora traf- highway budget. The project is fic speed of 50 miles per hour. ~~hich eliminates much of the uTorst abotiit three miles in length and ra- alignment on this road. This route sults in a saving in distance of about The revision in the alignment connects two of the larger towns in 0.~ of a mile owing to the fact that necessitated a new crossing over the Mother Lode territory and car- the major portion of the construction Rattlesnake Creek a short distance ries atraffic of between 1500 and 2000 is on new alignment. upstream from the existing crossing. cars per day, about 20 per cent of A doLible ~- by 7-foot reinforced con- which are trucks. The new alignment includes a total crete box culvert was constructed at During the past few years, as aver- of 5 curves with a minimum radius the new crossing to carry the waters age traffic speeds have. increased, the of 1500 feet, as compared to the 35 of the creek. A channel change was many short radius etirves on the por- curves on the old alignment with a constructed adjacent to the new cross- tion of this road in the vicinit3~ of minimum radius of 90 feet. The in~ and concrete slope paving was

QTwenty~ (October 1940) California Highways and Public forks placed in portions of the new channel to pre~•ent erosion. Roadway excavatioiz necessitated Uv the ne~v construction amolmted to about 150,000 cubic yards and about 430,000 station yards of overhaul Deere involved. The character of material encountered made it necessary to use both shovel and scraper units in the excavation work. The material encoLU~tered in road- ~~-a~• excavation was unsuitable for SLl}J~racle for the planned surfacing and a layer of imported borro~a~ «*as placed throughout the length of the project over the full width of the 30- foot roadbed. This layer of imported borrow• was 0.85 of a foot thick except over a one-half mile section, where the thickness was 0.60 of a foot. The roadway on this project has a plant-mixed surfacii~gL2 feet ~~ide by 021 of a foot thick over crusher ,.w~~::. rLin base 23 feet wide by 0.33 of a foot thick. The total cost of the new construction ~~as about $110,000. The con- tractor «gas the firm of Hemstreet and Bell, and W. G. Remington repre- sentPd the State as Resident Engi- neer.

Highway Ttirough Point Mugu

(Continued from page 13)

the olcl existing road around the point in order to utilize it for a ~ceizic drive or as aiz emergency by-pass. The connection at the soLitheasterly end «gas made in 1939, anci the material for the north~i~esterly connection was stockpiled alongside and constructed after the iiew road through the cut had been graded and surfaced in Februar~~, 1940. Eighty per cent of the i7latex~ial rehandled was doize by shovel and trucks, the reii~ainder bein~ btilldozecl directly or cart by the sho~-e1. A total of 30.000 cubic yards of embaizkment was involved in this latter connecting road. Surfacing for the new road and for the b~--pass around the point coi2sisted of plant-mix sLirfacing 33 feet wide by 4 inches thick. The total cost of making this im- proeement was approximately $200,- 000 and took 2~ years to construct. New alignment has 5 curves compared with 35 on old road ti~'ork proceeded continuously except when the crew was engamed in sea- labor construction forces under M. L. George, District Construction Engi- wall or slide removal operations. Sullivan, Superintendent, with G. R. neer, all under the general supervision This work was done b3~ State day Halton, Resident Engineer, aizd A. N. of District Engineer S. V. Cortelyou.

California Highways and Pzeblic 1~'Torks (October 1940) QTwent}r-ones I11ew Russian River le~~y Projec# Gets Under V1/ay With Culebra#ion

CONSTRUCTION of the new one-half to one foot slope on the required for the jetty will be tal~en jetty project at Jenner at the ocean side and one and one-half to from Goat Rock at Jenner. Manipu- mouth of the RLissian River in one foot on the channel side. The lating a huge steam shovel at the Sonoma County got under way on elevation of the crown of the jetty will groundbreakinb ceremonies, IDoctor E. September 26th and is expected to be be 17 feet above low water, H. Crawford, who has for years been completed by the end of November. For many years, d~ae to the scour- one of the leaders in the movement to The work is being performed under ing of the channel of the. Russian obtain State aid far the project, load- an agreement bet~~een the Depart- River during high water periods and ed oi~ a truck the first rock for the ment of Public Works aid The Basalt the high incoming tides. of the Pacific jetty wall. Rock Company of Napa. Tt involves Ocean, the mouth of the Russian Preceding the. ceremony at the the extension and improvement of the River at Jenner has been blocked by mouth of the Russian River attending unfinished jetty at Jenner. The sand bars and gravel deposits. The officials aid visitors were entertained amount of the contract is $48,7D0. sportsmen of California anc~ the Divi- at 1LU7cheon at MLlelenbrock's Resort

h b~' Q 381 n

V yy %'~' b ~~ y ~' 1 yam`

Sketch showing present project for improvement of South Jetty at mouth of Russian River now almost closed by drifting sands and proposed future extensions of bath the south and north jetties to keep the river open

A total of $61,050 has been con- Sion of Fish and Gan1e have been par- at Jenner, tivhich was presided over by tributed for the project by State and ticularly interested in this situation Chairman E. J. Guidotti of the So- county agencies. The Division of Fish because the sand and gravel bars have noma County Board of Supervisors. and Game appropriated $55,000, So- prevented the seasonal runs of steel- Speech making after luncheon was noma County X5,500 anc~ Mendocino head Lip the river. opened by V. M. Moir, Regional 1VIan- CoLmty $550, thus providing; a reserve Start of construction on the new ager of the North Coast Council of fund over and above the amount of jetty was made the occasion fora cele- the Stag Chamber of Commerce. The the construction contract. bratioiz at Jenner which was attended principal speaker was Senator Her- The length of the new jetty exten- by State and county officials, sports- bert W. Slater of Santa Rosa, who led sion will be 600 feet. Approximately men, and representatives of the the fight ii1 the Legislature to secure 1750 cubic yards of concrete and 10,- various chambers of commerce and State appropriations for the work. 000 tons of rock will be required for civic groups of Sonoma, Mendocino Guests at the hincheon paid a silent the job. The jetty will have a mini- and neighboring counties. standing tribute to the memory of the muin crown width of 12 feet with a The tons of material which will be late R. L. Jones, Deputy Engineer of

QTwenty-two (October 1940) California Highways and Public Works ~_~

~~~ ~~

.;y

the Division of Water Resources, who supervised the building of the old Jenner Jett~~, which is now being rebuilt and extended. Others called upon included As- semblyman-elect Richard H. McCol- lister of Mill Valley; Malcolm Mc- Intyre, general manager of the basalt Rock and Gravel Company, who pledged that his company will complete the jetty to the best of the firm's engineering ability; Gerald H. Jones of the State Division of V~~ater Re- sources, who succeeds the ]ate P,,. L. Jones; Dr. William Makaroff of Guerneville, president of the Russian River Sportsmen's Club ; A. M. To- masi of Petaluma, president of the Sonoma County Sportsmen's Chib ; Morgan Keaton, Deputy Director of the Department of Public Works ; Fred M. Huson ~,nd C. P. Shellenger of the State Engineer's office ; Super- visors J. Frank Churchill and Geor;e Kennedy.

Insurance Salesman: "Now that you're married and have the responsibility of a wife, you will surely want to take out life insurance." Bridegroom : "Insurance? Shucks, Rio. Why, she's not the least bit dangerous !"

Traffic Cop: "Hey, you can't make a turn to the right" Lady b4otorist: "WhV not?" T. C.: "Well, a right turn is wrong here— the left turn is right. If you want to turn At top, part of old jetty remaining at mouth of Russian River. Center—Waves destroy- right turn left and then—aw, go ahead !" ing construction trestle. Bottom —River mouth almost closed by sand

California Highways and Public Works (OctoGer• 1940) Twenty-three Sepulveda Boulevard In San Fernando Valley Rebuilt as Divided Highway

By WILLIAM H. MOHR, Assistant Engineer and A. N. GEORGE, district Construction Engineer

N '1`lIE spi•in~ o£ 193~J Los ~ng~e- Sepul.vecla Poulevard has become ~~I:~iis, acgitix~e the ri„l~lt o~ ~i~dy and les city found itself in th.e situ- well known in the last few years as liaiiclle the coiistrtiction enbiueering• ation of having a large amount the most direct route from the Ridge on this work, but in order to meet of Federal money in approved grants Ii~oute hear San Fernando to West the requirements of the PW~I it vas for highway construction, but having Holly~~vood and the coastal cities in necessary for the Los Iingeles citS~, no money with. which to match these Los Angeles County. That portio~z to whom the PW~1 brants hacl oribi- ~railts so as to make them available. of Sepulveda Boulevard in San Fer- nally been made, to advertise for bids The city engineer appealed to the naildo Valley which has just been and award the contracts. Thus it California Highway Commission and completed was formerly a narrow «gas necessary during construction it was arranged to make money avail- road with only a 20-foot pavement for tl~e State to deal through the city able to match the Federal grants on in the center. in all formal matters with the con- certain highways in the city of Los tractors. STATE HANDLED Angeles. CONSTRUCTION Work was immediately started on One of the projects was the recon- ~ln agreement was made between the plans and the project was diviclecl struction of Sepulveda Boulevard be- the State acting through its Division into two parts so as to make com~le- tween Ventura Boulevard and Branca of Highways and Los Angeles city tion possible by the deadline for Boulevard, a distance of 8.05 miles. that the State would prepare the PWA projects, which was June 30,

Reconstructed section of Sepulveda Boulevard showing railroad right of way used as division strip with new pavement for north bound traffic

QTwenty-four (October 1940) California Highways and Public lX/orks .ice

~{~,4~ T¢

Section of Sepulveda Boulevard reconstructed as a divided highway with 4-foot center dividing strip with 5-inch P. C. curbs

1940. The plans as developed pro- The 34-foot A. C. pavement is de- Crete curbs and gutters were con- vided fora divided highway through- si~ned to permit three traffic lanes structed on each side of the 40-foot out the length of the proposed im- 11, 11 and 12 feet ~~vide, respectively. center dividing strip. The gutter is provement. The plans were prepared On the east side of, and adjacent 1 foot wide and the curb is 5 inches and right of way obtained so that to the railway right of way, there high and slopes away from the pave- the first. contract, which was from was constructed 22 feet of asphalt ment. Brand Boulevard to Gamut Place, a concrete pavement. This pavement distance of 2.8 miles, was awarded was placed in three layers and is 6 SECOND CONTRACT STARTED to Oswald Brothers, who submitted inches thick, with a thickened edge The second contract on Sepulveda the low bid of $143,660. Work was on the outside. The shoulders were Boulevard provided for the widening started on this contract on Decem- unproved for a width of 20 feet with between Gamut Place and Ventura ber 11, 1939. road mix surface treatment and slope Boulevard, a distance of 5.25 miles. to a drainage point 12 feet from the This contract MADE A DIVIDED HI(~`fIWAY vas awarded to the edge of the A. C. pavement. Griffith Company, who submitted the Under this contract the existing The Pacific Electric Railway has a low bid of $231,339.35. Work was pavement on the west side of the right of way width of 40 feet on Sep- started on this contract on January Pacific Electric Railway right of way ulveda Boulevard from Brand Soule- 22, 1940. was designed for southbound traffic vard to Gamut Place. This 40 feet The existing pavement was widened (to coastal cities) and a new pave- has been utilized as a center dividing and a 4-foot center dividing strip was ment was constructed on the east side strip to separate the traffic that flows constructed. The dividing strip was of the tracks for northbound traffic in opposite directions. constructed from Gamut Place to (to Ridge Route). The 40-foot traffic separation island Moorpark Street, which is one. block On the west side of the track the is continuous except for the cross north of Ventura Boulevard. It is old 30-foot pavement was widened to roads, which are oiie-half mile apart. continuous except for cross-over open- 42 feet between curbs. This improve- At these intersecting roads, the rail- ings every 1000 feet ~,nd at all street ment consisted of the resurfacing and way right of way was paved, making intersections. placing of asphalt concrete pavement it possible for vehicles to go to the On each side of the center island 34 feet wide and the construction of other side of the highway where the portland cement concrete curbs were 7 feet of plant mix surfacing between traffic is flowing in the opposite direc- constructed 5 inches high with slop- the pavement and the 1-foot wide tion. ing sides. The center of the dividing portland cement concrete gutter. Monolithic portland cement con- strip between curbs has been filled

California Highways and Public Works (October 1940) QTwent~y-five with earth and planted with ice plant cuttings. Highway Service The existing 20-foot P. C. C. pave- An Appreciation widened 4 feet on each side. ment was Compton Junior College A portland cement concrete base was Trend Toward constructed 4 feet on each side of the 601 S. Acacia Street, existing pavement. Over the old Compton, California Traffic Efficiency pavement and the 4-foot widening strip, asphalt concrete resurfacing Mr. J. W. Howe, Editor California Highways and ASATISFACTORY standard of was placed on each side of the center Public Works highway service involves not dividing strip. The resurfacing was only adequate physical plant, a Sacramento, California placed in 12-foot wide lanes with but also its proper maintenance and minimum of 2 inches. thickness Dear Mr. Howe efficient operation. For satisfactory On side of center line adja- each On behalf of our institution, transportation can no longer be con- cent to the resurfacing there was con- I am again writing you to ex- economical move- structecl a standard 11-foot wide ceived merely as the press our appreciation of the but. portland cement concrete pavement regular of your bulletin, ment of passengers and freight, receipt rather as movement with speed lane. Outside of, and adjacent to the "California Highways and safe pavement lanes the shoulders on both Public Works." and comfort. sides were treated for a width of 20 In the provision of highway trans- This publication has been that em- feet with road mix surface treatment. connection portation it is fairly evident used regularly in has shifted from exransion of The 20-foot shoulders slope to a with the work of the Depart- phasis drainage point 12 feet from the edge plant to modernization, replacement ment of social Science in this For Fed- of the pavement. in our and maintenance. example, institution, particularly eral projects today in nearly 60 classes in Economics and Gov- -aid RIVER BRIDgE WID~N~D per of all are located where ernment. It has been made cent cases The existing 100-foot reinforced previous Federal work his already available for study to the stu- remain- concrete bridge across the Los Ange- been done, while much of the dents in the appropriate classes, reconstruction of les River was widened as a part of a ing work has been and we have also maintained by the States the second contract. The two 50-foot file of the bulletins for some previous undertakings spans were widened from 24 to 54 time past. and counties. The increasing importance of the feet from curb to curb. The four- If possible, I should appre- foot center dividing strip was carried maintenance bill also is evident, State ciate your continuing to send since continuously across the bridge. A highway expenditure figures me these bulletins regularly in revealing that while capital out- four-foot sidewalk was constructed similar 1921 the future. Any other in 1938 was less than in 1928, on each side of the bridge, adjacent which feel might lay materials you maintenance expenditures had in- to the pavement curb. be of educational value to Com- drain was con- creased by close to X100,000,000. A 48-inch storm young people between the ages when Sepulveda Boulevard parin~ the years 1931 and 1937, structed along of 18 and 30 will always be identicftl at $551,- carry water from a low point in capital outlays were to gratefully received. 000,000, maintenance expenditures the highway to the Los Angeles River. Cordially yours, had increased from $169, 00,000 to This storm drain was placed under north- Robert C. Gillingham $227,000,000. the east shoulder and extends in high- Two cross Chairman Social Studies The newest development erly to the low point. programs, however, been placed under the Compton Junior College way expenditure pipes have been the growing attention to effi- pavement to drain the surface waters has cient movement of traffic. Experience to the storm drain. on the State highway system of Cali- When the information was given way and do not feel that it will in fornia, for example, provides specific out that it was proposed to improve data on expenditures for services di- Sepulveda Boulevard as a divided any way be detrimental to their property. rectly related to public convenience, highway, considerable opposition de- safety and comfort. It is revealed of Highways veloped among abutting property The State Division that these services, including pave- and pro- owners, but as the case for the divided supervised the construction inen.t markings, signs, traffic control highway was explained to them and vided the inspectors and engineers de`ices, roadside development, snow they were referred to business prop- required on these projects. E. L. removal and ice control have trebled erty on roads which had already been Seitz was the Resident Engineeer in in cost since 1930. In the next two V. improved as divided highways where charge of both contracts under S. ,years the California Division of High- Engineer, A. the business men were quite unani- Cortelyou, District and ways expects to use approximately 12 mous in their belief that their busi- N. George, District Engineer. per cent of all maintenance funds to ness did not suffer by the dividing comply with the growing; demands of roadway, the greater portion the Actor: "A horse ! a horse ! my kingdom for a better quality of highway serv- of the opposition was removed. for a horse !" ice--t~merican Highways. It is now believed that the greater Voice from tl~e gallery : "Will a jackass bulk of property owners recognize do?" the advantages of the divided high- Actor: "Sure, come right on down:' Snid tl~e angry molecule: "I.et me atom."

QTwenty-six ~o~rober ~9ao~ California HighZUays and Public Works ~1Aodel wilt to Aid Study of Bridge Design By Kenneth W. bowie, Assis#ant Bridge Engineer ~0~VIEET the neecl of the bridge designer for ~-isualizin~ the deformations of a structure under loading, and iiz appreciation of the c~ifficLilties of picturing these deformations accurately-, a small model rigid frame of spring steel was con- structecl by the author. The frame consists of three 19-inch spans and t~~o short cantilever arms on four col- mm~s about 18 inches high. All mem- Method of demonstrating deformations in rigid frame structures, as used by Glenn L. bers are made of 12 gauge spring steel, Enke, Associate Bridge Engineer, in his "Bridge Design" class columns and girders connected to- ~ether bar soldering the wire to tri- an~nlar iron plates. As these members 12 are made of .;, gauge spring steel, ., they respond very i~r~ ~i< readily to light loads, and with their high elastic limit completely regain their original shape when the load is taken oft. Columns are all removable, ~~ partly to snake it easier to carry the frame around, bLit mainly to investi- gate the effect of loading spans of un- S SPAN equal length.

LOCKING DEVICE ARRANGED The loads shown in the lower illus- tratioil weigh one pound each. For horizontal loads, such as would exist in a bridge with earth-filled abut- ments, or from temperature, seismic or tractive forces, deformations are Comparison with simple span showing increased stiffness of modern continuous bridge most clearly shown by applying such loads with the hands. grasp of the deformations is possible, might come from an earth-filled abut- In order to show the difference in with a clear understanding of the ment. End columns are fixed and in- stress due to having fixed and free- proper loading to secure maximum termediate columns free. end columns, a locking device has been moments in the various parts of the The second illustration shows clear- arranged that enables the demonstra- structure. By placing the proper ly that the deflection of a simple span tor to lock or free the base of each loads on the model frame, the prob- is many times that from the same column. at will. It was found neces- lem of the correct direction of the loading for a continuous span. The sary to anchor the cohimn bases, as bending moments is instantly clarified. gain in stiffness from the continLtity tender Lmsymmetrical loading some The model shown here has been of a slender frame such as this one is columns developed negative reactions. used in a class of engineers led by Mr. remarkable. If it is desired to show the presence Glenn L. Enke, Associate Engineer of One has only to drive over the deck of these negative reactioizs in a some- the Bridge Department, and has of a modern continuous type bridge, ~i~hat dx•amatic fashion, it is a simple proved successful in demonstrating and compare the riding quality with matter to loosen the thumb-screw an- dramatically the kind of deformations the hollows and bumps of the old chors and apply a heavy live load, undergone by a bridge or similar simple span bridge to realize how i~n- ivhereLipon some of the columns pop rigid frame under load. In the first portant is this matter of reclueing c~e- out of the grotiind. illustration, Mr. Enke shows the de- flections to a minimum. While it is in no sense a precision formation of such a strilcture under In spite of the fact that nearly all instrument it is thoLtght that by a truck load on the second span, to- the engineers of the Department of means of the model ail instantaneous gether with a horizontalload such as (Continued on page 28)

Cetlifornia Highways and Public Wos-ks (~~toGer1944) ~fTw~nry-sey~n~ i°lighway Bids and Awards for the Month of September, 1940

BUTTE AND PLUMAS COUNTIES- 768 ; The Utah Construction Co., San Fran- $104,867 ; A. Teichert & Son, Inc., Sacra- At various locations between Hines Creek cisco, $93,440. Contract awarded to Harold mento, $125,677 ; A. S. Vinnell Co., Alham- and Howell's, about 4 miles, eroded em- Smith, St. Helena, $71,841. bra, $130,354. Contract awarded to Heafey bankments to be reconstructed, rock riprap MERGED COUNTY-Between Merced Moore Co. and Fredrickson &Watson Con- to be placed as slope protection, rubble and Tuttle, about 3.3 miles to be graded struction Co,, Oakland, $72,732. masonry to be constructed and drainage and surfaced with plant-mi%ed surfacing. SUTTER COUNTY-At Berg. and Lomo, facilities to be installed. District II, Route District X, Route 18, Section A. S. M. about 0.4 mile to be graded and surfaced 21, Section C,AB. A. S. Vinnell Co•., McCaw, Stockton, $51,982 ; Louis Biasotti with plant-mixed surfacing on crusher run Alhambra, $55,540 ; Hemstreet & Bell, & Son Valley Construction Ca., Stockton, base. District III, Route 3, Section A. Marysville, $57,582 ; Poulos & McEwen, $52,867 ; Piazza &Huntley, San Jose, $55,- Claude C. Wood, Lodi., $13,933 ; C. M. Sacramento, $57,828 ; Harms Bros., Sacra- 428 ; M. J. B. Construction Co. & F. Kaus, Syar, Yuba City, $13,333. Contract mento, $58,269. Contract awarded to Stockton, $56,859 ; Claude C. Wood, Lodi, awarded to Hemstreet & Bell, Marysville, Claude C. Wood, Lodi, $52,793. $57,284 ; Marshall S. Hanrahan, Redwood $10,883. FRESNO COUNTY-Across Four Mile City, $67,138. Contract awarded to J. A. TRINITY COUNTY-At various loca- Slough about 27 miles west of Fresno, a Casson Co., Hayward, $48,878. tions between Big Bar and 33elena, about reinforced concrete bridge to be constructed SAN DIEGO COUNTY-On Washing- 3.4 miles to be graded, portland cement and about 02 mile of approaches to be ton St., between Fifth Avenue and Ninth concrete cribbing, rock slope protection and graded and surfaced with plant-mixed snr- .Avenue, about 0.3 mile to be graded and drainage facilities to be constructed. Dis- facing. District VI, Route 41, Section P. surfaced with plant-mixed surfacing on trict II, Route 20, Section ~. Scheumann Piazza & Huntley & Trewhitt-Shields & crusher run base and portlancl cement con- & Johnson, Eureka, $87,054 ; A. S, Vinnell Fisher, San Jose, $21,335 ; M. J. B. Con- crete pavement to be constructed. District Co., Alhambra, $87,694 ; Hemstreet &Bell, struction Co., Stockton, $21,951 ; A. S. Vin- XI, Washington St. B. G. Carroll &Harry Marysville, $86,475 ; Poulos & lZcEwen, nell Co., Alhambra, $2,569. Contract L. Foster, San Diego, $31,359 ; Griffith Co., Sacramento, $94,997. Contract awarded to awarded to F. Fredenburg, South San Fran- Las Angeles, $31,851 ; Daley Corp., San Clifford A. Dunn, Klamath Falls, Oregon, cisco, $18,372. Diego, $31,988 ; R. E. Hazard &Sons, San $72,875. IMPERIAL COUNTY-Between Heber Diego, $33,584. Contract awarded to V. R. and Niland, about 15.4 miles to be surfaced Dennis. Construction Co., San Diego, $29,- with road-mix surfacing. District XI, 744. Routes 201,187, Sections AB,E. Oewald SA\T LUIS OBISPO COUATTY-At Model Built to Aid Bros., Los Angeles, $32,847 ; Daley Corp., Miles Station about 1.4 miles to be graded San Diego, $44 631 • V. R. Dennis Con- and surfaced with plant-mixed surfacing. Study of Bridge Design struction Go., S'an Diego, $49,321; A. S. District V, Route 2, Section E. Frederick- Vinnell Co., Alhambra, $49,654 ; J. E. Had- seu & Westbrool~, Sacramento, $15,055; (Continued from page 27) dock, Ltd., Pasadena, $56,480 ; Chas. H. Utah Construction Co, San Francisco, Johnston, Los Angeles, $58,336. Contract $167,767 ; J. E. Haddock, Ltd., Pasadena, Public Works are graduate. engineers awarded to R. E. Hazard & Sons, San $175;339 ; A. Teichert & Son, Inc., Sacra- Diego, $31,204. menta, $181,768 ; N. 12. Ball Sons, Berlce- they have found continuous study KERN AND INYO COUI~TTIES-Be- le`~, $186,775 ; Basich Bros., Torrance, $195,- necessary in order to keep pace with tween Armistead's and 5.5 miles north of 325 ; Oswald Bros., Los Angeles, $198,037 ; Little Lake, 232 miles of penetration oil tlZc\TUtt Bros., Eugene, Oregon, $225,146. the fast development of our technical treatment and seal coat to be applied. Dis- Contract awarded to Gibbons R Reed Co., world. trict IX, Route 23, Sections DE and GH. Burbank, $149,803. Vido Kovacevich, South Gate, $12,270 ; A. Several classes of special interest to Vinnell SAN LUIS OBISPO COUNTY-Across S. Co., Alhambra, $12,827 ; Basich San Luis Obispo Creek aUout six miles engineers have been organized Bros.., Torrance, $14,483. Contract awarded south of San Luis Obispo, a reinforced through the Committee Education to Brown & Doko, Pismo Beach, $11,987. on concrete girder bridge on concrete bents of the State Employees Chapter No. LAKE COUNTY-About 15 miles east with pile foundations to be constructed. of Lucerne, eroded embankments to be re- District V, Route 2, Section E. C. W. 2. Yearly 140 engineers attended the placed, sacked concrete riprap slope protec- Caletti & C4•, San Rafael, $77,$39 ; J. E. class conducted by Engineer Enke, tion to be replaced, and road-mix surfacing Haddock. Ltd., Pasadena, $78,583 ; R. H. to be applied. District I, Route 15, Section Travers, Los Angeles, $79,746 ; Oberg Bros., most of whom were from the Depart- C. Helwig Construction Co., Sebastopol, Los Angeles, $79,811 ; Byerts &Dunn, Los ment of Public Works. Those attend- $6,910. Contract awarded to Harold Smith, Angeles., $82,268; Trewhitt-Shields & ing St. Helena, $6,585. Fisher, Fresno, $82,692 ; Gibbons & Reed the class receive valuable syllabus LOS ANGELES COUI~TTY-On Arroyo Co., Burbank, $84,933 ; M. J. B. Construc- material covering the latest informa- Seco Parkway, between Grand Avenue and tion Co. ~C F. Kaus, Stockton, X88,206 ; tion on bridge design practice. This Fair Oaks Avenue, about 0.7 mile to be The Utah Construction Co., San Francisco, graded and paved with portland cement con- $94,554. Contract awarded to Dan Caputo, class is being continued main this crete and asphalt. District VII, Route 20a, San Jose, $68,388. year. S.Pas. Oswald Bros., Los Angeles, $81,163 ; SANTA BARBARA COUNTY-Across Two new classes were inaugurated Griffith Co., Los Angeles, $87,405 ; Oscar Dos Pueblos Creek, 16 miles north of Santa Oberg, Los Angeles, $88,437 ; Sander Pear- Barbara, a reinforced concrete bridge to this year that have proved. very suc- son, Santa Monica, $99,75&; Radich & be constructed. District V, Route 2, Sec- cessful. One is a class in f.~undation Brown, Burbank, $102,353 ; Carlo Bongio- tion G. J. E. Haddock,. Ltd., Pasadena, vanni, Los Angeles, $109,999. Contract $23,131; J. S. lZetzger R Son, Los Angeles, engineering, conducted by Mr. 0. J. awarded to J. E. Haddock, Ltd., Pasadena, $24,856 ; J. J. Munnemann, Santa Barbara, Porter, Senior Testing Engineer for $79,699. X26,000 ; Byerts ~ Dunn, Los Angeles, $27,- the testing laboratories of the MEI~TDOCINO COUNTY-Steel piles and 622. Contract awarded to Carl Hallin, Los. Division steel pike splices for repairs to Noyo River Angeles, $22,966. of Highways. Approximately eighty Bridge. District I, Route 56, Section E. SONQMA COUNTY-About 2.5 miles engineers have enrolled in this class. Contract awarded to R. G. Clifford, San north of Cloverdale, about 0.4 mile to be Francisco, $1,860. graded and surfaced with plant-mixed sur- The other class, conducted by R. W. M E N D O C I N O COUNTY- Across facing. District IV, Route 1, Section D. Hutchinson, Associate Bridge Engi- Schooner Gulch about 32 miles south of Macco Construction Co., Clearwater, $74,- neer, goes into the analysis of inde- Point Arena, a reinforced concrete bridge 957 ; Claude C. Wood, Lodi, $83,970 ; Fred- to be constructed and about 0.13 mile of ericksen &Westbrook, Sacramento, $88,972 ; terminate structures by moment dis- roadway to be graded and an armor coat Harms Bros. and N. M. Ball Sons, Berke- tribution. Nearly fifty engineers of applied. District I, Route 56, Section A. A. ley, $89,608 ; Louis Biasotti & Son, Stock- T. Beckett, Oakland, $72,473 ; S. J. Amoroso ton, $90,052; Fredrickson Bros., Emery- the Department are enrolled. Construction Co., San Francisco., $75,537 ; ville, $90,573 ; McNutt Bros., Eugene, Ore., These classes are being held at Sac- Fred J. Maurer & Son, Eureka, $76,998 ; $94,537 ; Hemstreet ~~ Bell, Marysville, ramento Junior College in conjunc- C. W. Caletti & Co., San Rafael, $83,737 ; $95,120 ; R. E. Campbell, Los Angeles, R. G. Clifford, South San Francisco, $91,- $9&,412 ; Piombo Bros., San Francisco, tion «pith adult education di`ision.

QTwenty-eight ~o~eaberi9~o~ California Highways and Public Works State of Ca~iFornia CULBERT L. OLSON, Governor De a r~t ment o F Pu bl ic orks -leadquarters: Public Works Building, Twelfth and N Streets, Sacramento

FRAPIK W. CLARK, Dorector of Pu61ic Works FRANZ R. SACI--iSE, Assistant Director MORGAN KEATON, Deputy Directar

CALIFORNIA HIG~iWAY COMMISSION' J DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES of Division LA~VREI~TCE BARRETT, Chairman, San Francisco EDWARD HYATT, State Engineer, Chief INNER W. ~TIELSEN, Fresno GEORGE T. GUNSTON, Administrative Assistant AMERIGO BOZZANI, Los Angeles HAROLD CONKLING, Deputy in Charge V~'ater Rights BERT L. VAUGHN, Jacumba A. D. ED~TONSTON, Deputy in Charge Water Santa Rosa L. G. HITCHCOCK, Resources Investigation ~ALTF.R B1I.LOII, Secretar~~ GEORGE W. HAWL~Y, Deputy in Charge Dams SPEl~TCER BURROUGHS, Attorney 0~' HIGI'lV~TAYS DI~7I~ION CORDON ZANDER, Adjudication, Water Distribution

C. H. PURC~LL, State Highway En;ineer G. T. '~IcCOY, Assistant State Highway Engineer J. G. STANDLEY, Principal Assistant Engineer DIVISION OF ARCHITECTURE It. H. WILSON, Office Engineer T. E. STr~NTON, Materials and Research Engineer ANSON BOYD, State Architect FILED J. GRUMM, engineer of Surveys and Plt~ns Ii. State Architect It. M. GILLIS, Construction Engineer W. DANIELS, Assistant T. H. DENATIS, Maintenance Engineer P. T. POAGE, Assistant State Architect F. W. PANHORST, Bridge Engineer L. V. CADZPBELL, Engineer of City and Cooperative Projects HEADQUARTERS R. E3. STALNAKER, Equipment Engineer H. Tyr. DEHAV~+N, Supervising Architectural Draftsman J. W. VICKREY, Safety Engineer C. H. KRODZER, Principal Structural Engineer E. R. HIGGINS, Comptroller CARL~TON PIERSOAT, Supervising Specification Writer DISTRICT ENGINEERS J. l~T. DUTTO\T, Principal Engineer, General Construction E. R. GREEN, District I, Eureka t1'. H. ROCKI\TGHADS, Principal Mechanical and Electrical HASELWOOD, District II, Redding I'. ~'V. engineer CHARLES H. WHIT1bTORE, District III, Marysville C. ~. BERG, Supervising Estimator of Building Construction JNO. H. SgEGGS, District IV, San Francisco L, H. GIBSON, District V, San Luis Obispo L~'. T. SCOTT, District VI, Fresno CORTELYOti, District VII, Los Angeles S. V. DIVISION OF CONTRACTS AND RIGI3TS OF WAY E. Q. SULLIVAN, District VIII, San Bernardino S. W. LOWD~N (Acting), District IX, Bishop \T, Chief R. E. PIERCE, District X, Stockton C. C. CARLETO r ~. E. WALLACE, District XI, San Diego FRANK B. DURKE~, Attorney MO:~'TGOMEFt.Y, Attorney SAN FRANCISCO-OAKLAND BAY BRIDGE C. R. ROBERT E. REED, Attorney RALPH A. TUDOR, Principal Bridge engineer, PZaintenance and Operation

printed tfL CALIFORNIA 57ATE PRINTING OFFICE 91ss0 1~-4Q 22400 SACRAMENSO~r9go GEORGE H.MOORE~SiAiE PRINTER California Highways and Pu61ic Works Division of Highways P. O. Box 1499' Sacramento, California Return Postage Guawanteed

'~~~ ~~ i~~T _ •r~~ •--7 LVlI"~P ~~~i, ~1 ~~ f ~,_,s,r~~~Yreka ~~ ~r,~h~~~~~ ~ Sx~WIN~a `;.,-,` I Alruras STATE HIGHW AY SYSTEM ~~\ 1 .-~ Weed ~ °' ~ LEGEND c `'~. ~~ j• '— ~''—' - ---~ Primary Roads ~~ =,_ ~• ~'~" ~ ~ Secondary Roads~ la ~ Weavervilte/ I I Proposed Roads =___=__ ==- e ~ ~ !.9 ~ ~ Pl i

/ eddin ~ I J ~.~___Tf_~; Susanville ,~ C 1,

ti `. I i ~ Red Bluf ~~) f~ r f, ti.~i" r~ S ~' ~ 'j ~~~o~h !~'9daPi Sao ~e,-~ . ~~ 1~1~~~ -~- Quincy ~~ 3 J! o ~ec~~,~~~r P

.\ J Walnut Creek S J y ;3 :i <~ ,,~ ~%r<1 C ~ 5'fA o ovine ~( ~~ ~ I j Willows ~' wnievill asaliro '~. -.-1 j, ~ N~Yr1D .' Oakland_,_, v ~s ~~ ~~. JLlJ ~'~- ~ ~/ Ukla~ tij ~ Coluse San Francisco J ~ -E Williams avarla pe as ` I y Ma siflle CI1 ~~ j \ °~ San J Yu ~~~~ ryl !~~ j /~` a Leiandro -~ p' ~~ e` 1 ~~{ I - V.~' v Ao rte.% hdywd~d \ ~ ~ sa^ ~ ,'J VWooa lane ~/ ~ '-~` ~ erl~leP~piNe ;~ ~~ San Mateo 'a~ yj l % J , Placerville Z,z n.'\ ~ :i J ~~ i :1 City .o . 'ej a ~ F ~ c'~ aeµson`r Redwood ~\ ° '/ ;fir' 1 ~h m ^r y, A ;17.1 /( ~ 1`~A:il l`J ~~ ~ lr ~nAndr~s ~ ~ J` "~J L`1 J QA ~ ~J `1 D ~ ~ °y, ~7 ~• ~. San Rafael ~ ar ~~e / !.i ,~~ ,`\ /~ ~, ~,.\ Sonora ~ ~O J ~. Q O ~"e4'1~J~~.~1 t H ~S l~ ~ v ' ~r.F ~ /~, ~ SaniaCla anJose San Francisco o Oakl`n ~ i~ qpe, J f~~ r~ ~J t Mo e5 0 ~~)~ ~ SAN FRANCISCO AND VICINITY ~ ~L,r 1 Ly•~ ~ .~/~ Redwoodl~I~ ~ 'fiL1:i1' ~JA~~'~\, \ Y 4~~ 1 ~rl~y' ,\ Man pose i~ ~ ~ ~ s SeeDetai:IMap _° s~ Merced t Bishop ` n ti,. ilc FSCS, ~/ ~ L iq Pine '\ ~\ - ~~ _~ y~ ~ aderal ~, Santa Cruz ~ Hollister ~ V mac" a ^1 \~~ ,\ ~ i ----~ r ~'~ ~, resno / r r—' "c c~muou Lone Pire 1 ~ ~. ~%~ _ ~. ~ I r ~ ~ j J ~, `~ `~ r ~+ nwn

\\ -~ ~~ r ~~• ~ td 1 VALLEY ~'+~ :~ f J ~ H~Fi ~ _' 1 '. :~ '~~ J N S S~ _~_ --- L---"T -- - --,`~~ \ V ~~ ' Pas bias ~ ~ ~. `\ a' aNersf gel .` San( pb~ ~ A1 .f S! ~Y of eve 'r v i _ ~ ~y g ~ 1 ii Al A 7i D ) M

_'_'.) ar Lancaster ~ y err» ~.+ar~~usa Stpw vc3YV~n! ~ n ~Barbafa ~g~a

~ ys ~j— ~~__ve~rz R Seles ~~ .a'` :~ h~ ~ o ~ f"~ ~ ~ Sec Detail Wla~ ~ ,~z Cam. ~~: ~ ~. O \moo/o. cc~ ~ ~~~ q `~~, J vl ..' `' - - ~~'. ~ ~~ 1~

LOS ANGELES AND VIGNITY