The Mirage of International Criminal Law
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The Mirage of International Criminal Law The Mirage of International Criminal Law: Kant’s Metaphysics of Mens Rea By Farhad Malekian The Mirage of International Criminal Law: Kant’s Metaphysics of Mens Rea By Farhad Malekian This book first published 2018 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2018 by Farhad Malekian [email protected] All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-0406-9 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-0406-6 To My father Mohammed Taghi Malekian and Mohammed Mossadegh TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................. x Chapter I ...................................................................................................... 1 The Optical Delusion in International Criminal Law 1. The Mirage of the Rule of the Law .................................................... 1 2. Reaching the Definition of Mirage .................................................... 2 3. Illusion of Mens Rea in Justice .......................................................... 5 4. Knowing Iniquity on Kant’s Mens Rea .............................................. 9 5. Publicists Missing Kant’s Theory of Mens Rea ............................... 13 6. Moral Faculty of Judgment .............................................................. 16 7. Divorcing from Criminal Justice ...................................................... 18 8. The Existence of Non-Existence ...................................................... 21 9. Kant’s Dimension of Predicate Existence ........................................ 25 10. Kant Awakening the Complex Form of Fata Morgana ................. 26 11. Inclination in Mens Rea ................................................................. 28 12. Lawful and Unlawful Mens Rea .................................................... 31 Chapter II ................................................................................................... 34 The Mirage of Intuitionalism in International Criminal Law 1. Introduction ...................................................................................... 34 2. Autonomous Beings ......................................................................... 36 3. Heteronomy in International Criminal Law ..................................... 39 4. Morality Equating Freedom ............................................................. 42 5. Motives Endangering Morality ........................................................ 44 6. Supreme Principle of Morality ......................................................... 45 7. Connections between Reason and Morality ..................................... 47 8. Ground Reason Effecting Will and Duty ......................................... 49 9. The Concept of the Categorical Imperative ..................................... 51 10. False Maxim Against the Categorical Imperative .......................... 53 11. Formula of Humanity in the Categorical Imperative ..................... 55 viii Table of Contents Chapter III ................................................................................................. 58 The Mirage of Security Council’s Resolutions 1. Evility of Unequal Treaties .............................................................. 58 2. The Den of Iniquity in the United Nations ....................................... 60 3. Conditional Value of the Security Council ....................................... 62 4. Resolutions of the Security Council and Bare Reason ..................... 63 5. Kantian Objections to the Security Council’s Morals ...................... 65 6. Chapter VII of the Charter against Kant’s Metaphysics ................... 67 7. Morality in Comic Maxims .............................................................. 69 8. Kant Rejecting the Bad Maxim ........................................................ 70 9. Security Council Preventing Proper Choices ................................... 72 Chapter IV ................................................................................................. 76 Radical Evil Constituting a One-Eyed Justice 1. Self-Love ......................................................................................... 76 2. Transparency in Kant’s Philosophy .................................................. 78 3. Non-Subjective Position of Morality ............................................... 79 4. Accurate Treatment of Human Morality .......................................... 82 5. Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason .................................... 84 6. Substance of a Maxim ...................................................................... 87 7. Self-Interest Violating the Principle of Love for Justice .................. 88 8. Blessing Radical Evil ....................................................................... 90 9. Stabilizing the Notion of Morality ................................................... 93 10. Moral Culpability in the Security Council ..................................... 94 11. Radical Evil Facing Radical Terror ................................................ 95 12. Physical Evil and Criminal Conduct .............................................. 98 13. Mens Rea Assimilating to Radical Evil in the Security Council .... 101 14. Mental Inclination to Mens Rea ................................................... 103 15. The Art of Preventing Radical Evil .............................................. 105 16. The Notion of Evil Resolutions.................................................... 107 17. Mens Rea Occupying the Supreme Principle of Morality ............ 109 18. The Security Council Departing from Morality ............................112 Chapter V..................................................................................................116 Kant Codex versus the Security Council 1. Violation of the Principle of Morality .............................................116 2. Rights of Man beyond Radical Evil ................................................119 3. Dissenting to the Justice of Force .................................................. 122 4. Illusions of Bad Maxims ................................................................ 124 5. The Mirage of Accusation .............................................................. 126 6. Bad Maxim Causing Serious Violations ........................................ 129 The Mirage of International Criminal Law ix 7. Conspiracy Behind the Evil Morality ............................................ 130 8. Underlying Reasons for a Good or Bad Maxim ............................. 132 9. The Mirage of Conceptualising a Maxim − Good for Bad ............ 135 10. Hiding the Evil Intentions of Resolutions .................................... 138 11. Irrationality Violating Reason ...................................................... 140 12. The Gist of Irrational Morality ..................................................... 144 13. Circumventing Justice with Evil Mirage ...................................... 146 14. Show Mirage on Justice ............................................................... 148 15. Permission to Invade by Evil Maxims ......................................... 151 16. Evil Maxims Beyond any Limit ................................................... 154 Chapter VI ............................................................................................... 159 The Fata Morgana of Humanitarian Rights of Children 1. Monopolization of Evil Maxims .................................................... 159 2. Supporting Minor Victims with Metaphysics of Morals ................ 161 3. Fata Morgana Against Minors Rights ........................................... 165 4. Good Will Stemming from Duty .................................................... 167 5. Kant Condemning Evilness Against Minors .................................. 169 6. Edifing Kant’s Philosophy of Justice ............................................. 172 Chapter VII .............................................................................................. 174 Conclusion Appendix ................................................................................................. 178 A Few Selected Texts of the UN Security Council Resolutions which are against the Metaphysics of Morals Bibliography ............................................................................................ 199 Index ........................................................................................................ 213 INTRODUCTION Once upon a time, Alexander the Great captured a notorious pirate and asked him, why are you plundering the high seas? The pirate replied, why are you plundering the lands? I am the king. If you are the king of the lands, I am the king of the high seas. What is the difference? The business is the same for both of us. This book elaborates the metaphysics of the monopolisation of the Security Council in conjunction with Kant’s philosophy of self-love and radical evil in human nature, or the inclination to evil, or the propensity to knowingly commit unlawful behaviour.