DOCSLIB.ORG

Embedded Intelligence CONTENTS

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics Number 67, October 2006 www.ercim.org Special: Embedded Intelligence CONTENTS JOINT ERCIM ACTIONS SPECIAL THEME: EMBEDDED INTELLIGENCE 4 CoreGRID Summer School 2006 - First Steps in Next Introduction to the Special Theme Generation Grid Technologies 14 Embedded Intelligence by Stephan Springstubbe and Wolfgang Ziegler, Fraunhofer SCAI, by Erwin Schoitsch, ARC Seibersdorf research / AARIT, Austria Germany and Amund Skavhaug, NTNU, Norway 5 Cor Baayen Award 2006 for Oliver Heckmann Embedded Systems Applications 16 Autonomous Systems - Safety Critical Embedded Systems 6 Net-WMS - Towards a New Generation of Networked and Intelligence Warehouse Management Systems by Erwin Schoitsch and Wilfried Kubinger, ARC Seibersdorf by Bruno Le Dantec, ERCIM office research / AARIT, Austria 7 Joint DELOS – MUSCLE Summer School on Multimedia 18 Automotive Visions beyond In-Car Driver Assistance: Digital Libraries Integrated Traffic Management with Coopers by Remi Ronchaud, ERCIM office by Thomas Gruber and Erwin Schoitsch, ARC Seibersdorf research / AARIT, Austria 8 ERCIM Working Group on Software Evolution Spawns Local Chapters 19 Embedded Intelligence for Ambient Assisted Living by Tom Mens; University of Mons-Hainaut, Belgium; Jean-Marie by Frank Bomarius, Martin Becker and Thomas Kleinberger, Favre and Salah Sadou, IMAG, France Fraunhofer IESE, Germany 8 ERCIM Environmental Modelling Workshop 21 iCat - A Friendly Robot that Helps Children and Grown-Ups by Thomas Lux, Fraunhofer FIRST, Germany by Bernt Meerbeek, Jettie Hoonhout, Peter Bingley, and Albert van Breemen, Philips Research Europe, The Netherlands 9 FMICS 2006 - 11th International Workshop on Formal Methods for Industrial Critical Systems Design, Development, Programming by Luboš Brim, Masaryk University / CRCIM, Czech Republic, and 22 The DECOS Tool-Chain: Model-Based Development of Martin Leucker, Technical University Munich, Germany Distributed Embedded Safety-Critical Real-Time Systems by Wolfgang Herzner, ARC Seibersdorf research/AARIT, Austria; EUROPEAN SCENE Bernhard Huber, Vienna University of Technology, Austria; and György Csertan, Andras Balogh, Budapest University of 10 A Security and Dependability Strategic Research Agenda Technology and Economics for Europe by Jim Clarke, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland 24 Ambient Hardware: Embedded Architectures on Demand by Kjetil Svarstad, NTNU, Norway 11 European Research Advances in Embedded Intelligence 25 System-Level Design of Fault-Tolerant Embedded Systems NEWS FROM W3C by Alain Girault, INRIA, France 12 W3C Workshop on Mobile Web in Developing Countries 27 New Tool to Design the Behaviour of Embedded Systems by Jan Friso Groote, CWI, The Netherlands 12 Latest W3C Recommendations 28 Reactive Processing for Reactive Systems 12 W3C Launched Secure Browsing Initiative by Reinhard von Hanxleden, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu 12 W3C Workshop on XSL-FO 2.0 Requirements Kiel, Germany; Xin Li, Partha Roop, University of Auckland, New Zealand, Zoran Salcic and Li Hsien Yoong, 13 COPRAS 'ICT Research and Standardization' Conference 30 TPC: Tagged Procedure Calls 13 W3C Mobile Web Seminar in Paris by Konstantinos Kapelonis, Sven Karsson, and Angelos Bilas, 13 First W3C Webinar on Mobile Web Design ICS-FORTH, Greece Ambient Intelligence Systems 31 A European Ambient Intelligence Research Facility at ICS- FORTH by Constantine Stephanidis, ICS-FORTH, Greece 32 Ecological Approach to Smart Environments by Veikko Ikonen, VTT Technical Research Center of Finland 33 Ambiance: A Platform for Macroprogramming Personalised Ambient Services by Reza Razavi, University of Luxembourg / FNR, Luxembourg 35 Towards a Platform for Widespread Embedded Intelligence by Simon Dobson, Steve Neely, Graeme Stevenson, Lorcan Coyle and Paddy Nixon, University College Dublin / IUA, Ireland 36 Networking Semantic Services for Pervasive Computing by Valerie Issarny, Nikolaos Georgantas and Sonia Ben Mokhtar Cover illustration by Pertti Jarla 2 ERCIM News No. 66, July 2007 37 Materials with Intelligence 56 Digital Libraries by Simon Dobson and Kieran Delaney, University College Dublin BELIEF: Bringing Europe's Electronic Infrastructures to / IUA, Ireland Expanding Frontiers by Federico Biagini, Pasquale Pagano and Franco Zoppi, ISTI- Wireless sensor networks CNR, Italy 39 The CRUISE Project - Network Initiative for Creating 58 Electromagnetic Radiation Ubiquitos Intelligent Sensing Environments Cell Phone Danger by Gabriele Kotsis, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Austria; by Martin Röösli, Unversity of Bern, and Harry Rudin, Consultant, Anelia Mitseva and Neeli R. Prasad, Aalborg University, Denmark Switzerland 40 IntelliSense RFID - An RFID Platform for Ambient Intelligence 60 Satellite Communication Services with Sensors Integration Capabilities SAFE: Satellites for Epidemiology and Health Early Warning by Ovidiu Vermesan, Nadine Pesonen, Cristina Rusu, Aarne Oja, by Catherine Chronaki, ICS-FORTH and Laurent Braak, Peter Enoksson and Helge Rustad, SINTEF ICT, Norway 61 Satellite Devices Planck Mission 70 GHz Receivers 42 Collaborative Capture: A New Perspective for Sensor by Jussi Varis, MilliLab-Millimetre Wave Laboratory of Finland Networks 62 Detector Technology by Paul Couderc, INRIA-IRISA, France Data Acquisition in Scientific Applications Resources by Rob Halsall, CCLC, UK 43 Autarkic Power Generation for Networked Systems 63 Security by Eberhard Mueller and Ulrich Hofman, Salzburg Research Network Anomaly Detection by Means of Machine Learning GmbH, Austria by Roland Kwitt, Salzburg Research GmbH, Austria 64 Web 2.0 and Novel Interaction 45 Formally Bounded Embedded Systems From Solitary Podcasting by Kevin Hammond, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK to Ambient Pondcasting Massively Deployed Embedded Systems: Trust and security by Emmanuel Frécon and Pär Hansson, SICS 46 Adaptable and Context-Aware Trustworthiness Evaluation by Gabriele Lenzini, Telematica Instituut, The Netherlands; EVENTS Santtu Toivonen and Ilkka Uusitalo, VTT Technical Research Reports Center of Finland 66 EPoSS – A new European Technology Platform on Smart 47 Digital Identity in Ambient Environments Systems Integration by Ben Schouten, CWI, The Netherlands and Onkar Ambekar, by Erwin Schoitsch, ARC Seibersdorf research / AARIT, Austria ARC Seibersdorf research / AARIT, Austria 67 ECDL 2006 - 10th European Conference on Digital Libraries 52 Trust4All enhances Trustworthiness of Embedded by M.Felisa Verdejo, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Component-based Systems Distancia, Spain by Gabriele Lenzini, Andrew Tokmakoff, Telematica Instituut; and Johan Muskens, Eindhoven University of Technology, The 68 Cross-Language Evaluation Forum - CLEF 2006 Netherlands by Carol Peters, ISTI-CNR, Italy 70 ARTEMIS Annual Conference 2006 by Erwin Schoitsch, ARC Seibersdorf research / AARIT, Austria R&D AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 71 XP2006 - Extreme Programming and Agile Processes in 50 Nanotechnology Software Engineering Single Molecule Switch and Memory Element by Outi Salo andPekka Abrahamsson, VTT Technical Research by Emanuel Lörtscher and Heike Riel, IBM Zurich Research Lab, Center of Finland Switzerland 72 Announcements 52 Mobile Hybrid Wireless Networks HyMN: A Self-Organizing System for Interest-based Data 73 Euro Legal Distribution in Mobile Hybrid Wireless Networks 75 In Brief by Steffen Rothkugel, Matthias R. Brust and Adrian Andronache, University of Luxembourg 53 Visualization Visualization of Colour Information on Highly Detailed 3D Models by Matteo Dellepiane and Marco Callieri, ISTI-CNR, Italy 55 Databases Modular Access to Large Socio-Economic Databases - the Sedo Project in Luxembourg by Uwe Warner, Centre d'Etude de Population, de Pauvreté et de Politiques Socio-Economiques, and Thomas Tamisier and Fernand Feltz Centre de Recherche Public - Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourg Next issue: January 2007 Special theme: Traffic Planning and Logistics ERCIM News No. 65, April 2006 3 JOINT ERCIM ACTIONS CoreGRID Summer School 2006 - First Steps in Next Generation Grid Technologies by Stephan Springstubbe and Wolfgang Ziegler The CoreGRID Summer School 2006 (CSS'06) took place in Bonn, Germany from for computing power, data and specific 24 to 28 July. Organising the yearly summer school, CoreGRID - The European services in the Life Sciences and, for Research Network on Foundations, Software Infrastructures and Applications example, the pharmaceutical industry, for large-scale distributed GRID and Peer-to-Peer Technologies - aims at providing which until now may only be covered the possibility of advanced training to students and researchers in a trend-setting using supercomputers. Hence, this domain of computer science, which is currently under-represented in the curricula aspect of student training has a strategic of universities. CoreGRID summer schools are organised by a different CoreGRID impact and helps in assuring competitive partner each year and take place in distinct European cities. advantages. CSS'06 was organised by the indicated on their evaluation forms that Experience gained during this summer Department of Bioinformatics of the they were very satisfied with the event. school and from the previous CSS point Fraunhofer Institute SCAI and hosted by to the creation of initial networks the Bonn-Aachen International Centre CSS'06 will have a bearing on several between participants from different for Information Technology (B-IT). The levels, the most important being the cur- European institutions and
Recommended publications
  • Solving Human Centric Challenges in Ambient Intelligence Environments to Meet Societal Needs

    Solving Human Centric Challenges in Ambient Intelligence Environments to Meet Societal Needs

    Solving Human Centric Challenges in Ambient Intelligence Environments to Meet Societal Needs A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the School of Engineering and Applied Science University of Virginia In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy (Computer Science) by Erin Griffiths December 2019 © 2019 Erin Griffiths Approval Sheet This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Computer Science) Erin Griffiths This dissertation has been read and approved by the Examining Committee: Kamin Whitehouse, Adviser Jack Stankovic, Committee Chair Mary Lou Soffa A.J. Brush John Lach Accepted for the School of Engineering and Applied Science: Dean, School of Engineering and Applied Science December 2019 i To everyone who has helped me along the way. ii Abstract In the world today there exists a large number of problems that are of great societal concern, but suffer from a problem called the tragedy of the commons where there isn`t enough individual incentive for people to change their behavior to benefit the whole. One of the biggest examples of this is in energy consumption where research has shown that we can reduce 20-50% of the energy used in buildings if people would consistently modify their behavior. However, consistent behavior modification to meet societal goals that are often low priority on a personal level is often prohibitively difficult in the long term. Even systems design to assist in meeting these needs may be unused or disabled if they require too much effort, infringe on privacy, or are frustratingly inaccurate.
  • Ambient Intelligence

    Ambient Intelligence

    Ambient intelligence Ambient intelligence is closely related to the long term vision of an intelligent service system in which technolo- gies are able to automate a platform embedding the re- quired devices for powering context aware, personalized, adaptive and anticipatory services. Where in other me- dia environment the interface is clearly distinct, in an ubiquitous environment 'content' differs. Artur Lugmayr defined such a smart environment by describing it as ambient media. It is constituted of the communication of information in ubiquitous and pervasive environments. The concept of ambient media relates to ambient media form, ambient media content, and ambient media tech- nology. Its principles have been established by Artur Lug- mayr and are manifestation, morphing, intelligence, and experience.[1][2] An (expected) evolution of computing from 1960–2010. A typical context of ambient intelligence environment is In computing, ambient intelligence (AmI) refers to a Home environment (Bieliková & Krajcovic 2001). electronic environments that are sensitive and respon- sive to the presence of people. Ambient intelligence is a vision on the future of consumer electronics, 1 Overview telecommunications and computing that was originally developed in the late 1990s for the time frame 2010– 2020. In an ambient intelligence world, devices work in More and more people make decisions based on the effect concert to support people in carrying out their everyday their actions will have on their own inner, mental world. life activities, tasks and rituals in an easy, natural way us- This experience-driven way of acting is a change from ing information and intelligence that is hidden in the net- the past when people were primarily concerned about the work connecting these devices (see Internet of Things).
  • Event and Map Content Personalisation in a Mobile and Context-Aware Environment

    Event and Map Content Personalisation in a Mobile and Context-Aware Environment

    EVENT AND MAP CONTENT PERSONALISATION IN A MOBILE AND CONTEXT-AWARE ENVIRONMENT RALF BIERIG A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Robert Gordon University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy This research programme was carried out in collaboration with SINTEF Telecom and Informatics April 2008 It takes an awful long time to not write a book. Douglas Adams Abstract Effective methods for information access are of the greatest importance for our modern lives – particularly with respect to handheld devices. Personalisation is one such method which models a user’s characteristics to deliver content more focused to the user’s needs. The emerging area of sophisticated mobile computing devices has started to inspire new forms of personalised systems that include aspects of the person’s contextual environment. This thesis seeks to understand the role of personalisation and context, to evaluate the effectiveness of context for content personalisation and to investigate the event and map content domain for mobile usage. The work presented in this thesis has three parts: The first part is a user experiment on context that investigated the contextual attributes of time, location and interest, with respect to participants’ perception of their usefulness. Results show highly dynamic and interconnected effects of context on participants’ usefulness ratings. In the second part, these results were applied to create a predictive model of context that was related to attribution theory and then combined with an information retrieval score to create a weighted personalisation model. In the third part of this work, the personalisation model was applied in a mobile experiment.
  • Human-Computer Interaction 10Th International Conference Jointly With

    Human-Computer Interaction 10Th International Conference Jointly With

    Human-Computer Interaction th 10 International Conference jointly with: Symposium on Human Interface (Japan) 2003 5th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics 2nd International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction 2003 Final Program 22-27 June 2003 • Crete, Greece In cooperation with: Conference Centre, Creta Maris Hotel Chinese Academy of Sciences Japan Management Association Japan Ergonomics Society Human Interface Society (Japan) Swedish Interdisciplinary Interest Group for Human-Computer Interaction - STIMDI Associación Interacción Persona Ordenador - AIPO (Spain) InternationalGesellschaft für Informatik e.V. - GI (Germany) European Research Consortium for Information and Mathematics - ERCIM HCI www.hcii2003.gr Under the auspices of a distinguished international board of 114 members from 24 countries Conference Sponsors Contacts Table of Contents HCI International 2003 HCI International 2003 HCI International 2003 Welcome Note 2 Institute of Computer Science (ICS) Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH) Conference Registration - Secretariat Foundation for Research Thematic Areas & Program Boards 3 Science and Technology Park of Crete Conference Registration takes place at the Conference Secretariat, located at and Technology - Hellas Heraklion, Crete, GR-71110 the Olympus Hall, Conference Centre Level 0, during the following hours: GREECE Institute of Computer Science Saturday, June 21 14:00 – 20:00 http://www.ics.forth.gr Opening Plenary Session FORTH Tel.:
  • A. Define and Explain the Internet of Things

    A. Define and Explain the Internet of Things

    IoT Solutions 1. Attempt any three of the following: a. Define and explain the Internet of Things. Ans: The Internet of things is defined as a paradigm in which objects equipped with sensors, actuators, and processors communicate with each other to serve a meaningful purpose. Equation of Internet of Things: Physical Object + Controllers, Sensors and Actuators + Internet = Internet of Things Physical Object: Devices, vehicles, buildings and other items which are embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity, which enables these objects to collect and exchange data. Controllers: A controller, in a computing context, is a hardware device or a software program that manages or directs the flow of data between two entities In a general sense, a controller can be thought of as something or someone that interfaces between two systems and manages communications between them. Sensors: Sensor is a device, module, or subsystem whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment and send the information to other electronics, frequently a computer processor. A sensor is always used with other electronics. Actuators: An actuator is a component of a machine that is responsible for moving and controlling a mechanism or system. Internet: The internet is a globally connected network system that uses TCP/IP to transmit data via various types of media. The internet is a network of global exchanges – including private, public, business, academic and government networks – connected by guided, wireless and fiber-optic technologies. Example of Internet of Things: In your kitchen, a blinking light reminds you it’s time to take your tablets.
  • Core Concept: the Internet of Things and the Explosion of Interconnectivity

    Core Concept: the Internet of Things and the Explosion of Interconnectivity

    CORE CONCEPTS The Internet of Things and the explosion of interconnectivity CORE CONCEPTS Stephen Ornes, Science Writer It was 1982, and a group of computer science graduate students at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was thirsty for more than knowledge: some wanted a Coca Cola. But the researchers were frustrated. The Coke machine was on the third floor of the university’s Wean Hall, and oftentimes they’d venture up to the dis- penser only to find it empty, or worse, full of warm soda. So the scientists connected the machine to the university’s computer network. By checking online, thirsty researchers could ensure the machine was stocked with cold bottles before visiting. This turned out to be more than an achieve- ment in efficient caffeine delivery; it’s thought to be one of the first noncomputer objects to go online (1). The notion of pervasive computing entails a vision of the world in which computing isn’t limited to tab- lets, smartphones, and laptops. The realization of this vision, called the “Internet of Things” (IoT), is the ever- expanding collection of connected devices that cap- ture and share data. Any object, outfitted with the right Pervasive computing and its realization, known as the “Internet of Things,” entails sensors, can observe and interact with its environment. an ever-expanding collection of connected devices that capture and share data. A homeowner can adjust the thermostat, close the Image courtesy of Shutterstock/a-image. blinds, or raise a garage door with a voice command to a smartphone app. A connected refrigerator can send a list of its inventory to a shopper.
  • Ubiquitous Computing Research at PARC in the Late 1980S

    Ubiquitous Computing Research at PARC in the Late 1980S

    The origins of ubiquitous computing research at PARC in the late 1980s by M. Weiser R. Gold † J. S. Brown ‡ Ubiquitous computing began in the Electronics At the same time, the anthropologists of the Work and Imaging Laboratory of the Xerox Palo Alto Practices and Technology area within PARC, led by Research Center. This essay tells the inside story of its evolution from “computer walls” to “calm Lucy Suchman, were observing the way people re- computing.” ally used technology, not just the way they claimed to use technology. To some of the technologists at PARC, myself included, their observations led toward thinking less about particular features of a comput- er—such as random access memory and number of pixels or megahertz—and much more about the de- n late 1987, Bob Sprague, Richard Bruce, and tailed situational use of the technology. In partic- other members of the Xerox Palo Alto Research I ular, how were computers embedded within the com- Center (PARC) Electronics and Imaging Laboratory plex social framework of daily activity, and how did (EIL) proposed fabricating large, wall-sized, flat- they interplay with the rest of our densely woven panel computer displays from large-area amorphous physical environment (also known as “the real silicon sheets. It was thought at the time that this world”)? technology might also permit these displays to func- tion as input devices for electronic pens and also for From these converging forces (“from atoms to cul- the scanning of images (by placing documents di- ture,” as we like to say of PARC) emerged the Ubiq- rectly against the displays).
  • Challenges in Ubiquitous Computing and Networking Management

    Challenges in Ubiquitous Computing and Networking Management

    APNOMS 2003 DEP, Fukuoka, Japan Challenges in Ubiquitous Computing and Networking Management Jong T. Park ([email protected]) Kyungpook National University Korea Ubiquitous Computing & Networking Environment Electronic Cyber Space Smart Real Space Internet Internet Home Network Server (G)MPLS Server Fusion IPv6 Hot Spots 3G/4G Convergence UWB Tiny Invisible Objects Notebook Smart Interface Sensors Web/XML Actuators Bluetooth Multimedia Wearable Handheld Device Computing KNU AIN Lab. APNOMS’2003 2 Features of Cyber Space and Smart Real Space Electronic Cyber Space Smart Real Space Any (time, where, format) Any (device, object)+ Client/Server Computing, P2P Proactive & Embedded (G)MPLS, Broadband Access Computing Network Sensors, MEMS, Wearable B3G/4G, NGN, Post PC, IPv4/v6, Computing, IPv6(+), Near Field XML Communication (UWB, ..) Converging Networks Ad-hoc networks, Home networking Communication/Banking, Comm./(Music/TV Broadcasting), Telematics/Telemetry, e-commerce/government, … u-commerce/government /university/library KNU AIN Lab. APNOMS’2003 3 Current Issues in Ubiquitous Computing and Networking Current Technical Issues Low Power Intelligent Tiny Chip and Sensors Ubiquitous Interface Near-field Communication (UWB, ..), IPv6 Protection of Privacy and Security Management Intelligent Personalization Non-Technical Issues Laws and Regulation Sociological Impact KNU AIN Lab. APNOMS’2003 4 Research Projects America MIT’s Auto-ID and Oxigen, Berkeley’s Smart Dust, NIST’s Smart Space MS’s EasyLiving, HP’s CoolTown Europe
  • The Coming Age of Calm Technology

    The Coming Age of Calm Technology

    Bits flowing through the wires of a computer network are invisible; a “network monitor” Page 1 of 8 Bits flowing through the wires of a computer network are invisible; a “network monitor...” Page 2 of 8 for the road. Any computer with which you have a special relationship, or that fully engages or THE COMING AGE OF occupies you when you use it, is a personal computer. Most handheld computers, such as the Zaurus, the Newton, or the Pilot, are today still used as personal computers. A $500 network computer is still CALM TECHNOLOGY[1] a personal computer. Mark Weiser and John Seely Brown TRANSITION - THE INTERNET AND DISTRIBUTED Xerox PARC October 5, 1996 COMPUTING A lot has been written about the Internet and where it is leading. We will say only a little. The INTRODUCTION Internet is deeply influencing the business and practice of technology. Millions of new people and their information have become interconnected. Late at night, around 6am while falling asleep after twenty hours at the keyboard, the sensitive technologist can sometimes hear those 35 million web pages, 300 thousand hosts, and 90 million users shouting "pay attention to me!" The important waves of technological change are those that fundamentally alter the place of technology in our lives. What matters is not technology itself, but its relationship to us. Interestingly, the Internet brings together elements of the mainframe era and the PC era. It is client- server computing on a massive scale, with web clients the PCs and web servers the mainframes In the past fifty years of computation there have been two great trends in this relationship: the (without the MIS department in charge).
  • Taking the Internet to the Next Physical Level

    Taking the Internet to the Next Physical Level

    THE IOT CONNECTION Taking the Internet to the Next Physical Level Vint Cerf and Max Senges, Google Research Our physical universe has been transformed by computing’s ubiquity. The authors describe the challenges and delights we’ll find in a future enabled by the Internet of Things. e’ve come a long way since the article in which Mark Weiser FROM THE EDITOR envisioned small, With the realization of the ideas behind the Internet of Things (IoT)— a network ubiquitous,W connected computers of everyday items with embedded computers that can connect directly or indi- that enhanced all aspects of our rectly to the Internet—we’re entering the era of ubiquitous computing. As the IoT lives.1 Here, we present our analy- takes root, the number of devices connecting to the Internet is likely to increase sis of the architectural leitmotifs 10- or even 100-fold over the next 10 years, forever changing our relationship with that should be pursued so the In- “things”—now they’ll be smart: smart devices, smart homes, smart buildings, and ternet of Things (IoT) ecosystem smart cities. can enjoy the staggering success of Although its origins date back to 1999, the IoT’s core ideas were first described the Internet, which resulted in the in Mark Weiser’s vision of ubiquitous computing in 1988. Although these ideas have been around for more than 25 years, it has only recently become practical for World Wide Web. By success, we high-performance processing and networking to be built into everyday products. mean the economic value and the We now have the ability to augment our things’ capabilities at a reasonable cost social and technological innova- and size: this embedded computing—with the equivalent performance of a com- tion these platforms have brought plete 1980s-era workstation—can be added to products for less than $10.
  • City Research Online

    City Research Online

    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by City Research Online Goker, A.S., Myrhaug, H., Whitehead, N., Faegri, T.E. & Lech, T.C. (2004). AmbieSense: a system and reference architecture for personalised and context-sensitive information services for mobile users. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 3295, 327 - 338. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-30473-9_31 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30473-9_31> City Research Online Original citation: Goker, A.S., Myrhaug, H., Whitehead, N., Faegri, T.E. & Lech, T.C. (2004). AmbieSense: a system and reference architecture for personalised and context-sensitive information services for mobile users. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 3295, 327 - 338. doi: 10.1007/978-3- 540-30473-9_31 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30473-9_31> Permanent City Research Online URL: http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/608/ Copyright & reuse City University London has developed City Research Online so that its users may access the research outputs of City University London's staff. Copyright © and Moral Rights for this paper are retained by the individual author(s) and/ or other copyright holders. Users may download and/ or print one copy of any article(s) in City Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non- commercial research. Users may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. All material in City Research Online is checked for eligibility for copyright before being made available in the live archive. URLs from City Research Online may be freely distributed and linked to from other web pages.
  • Toward Sustainable Ubiquitous Computing and Interaction

    Toward Sustainable Ubiquitous Computing and Interaction

    Toward Sustainable Ubiquitous Computing and Interaction Tengxiang Zhang Assistant Research Scientist Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Contents • Background and Motivation • What is ubiquitous computing • Why sustainability is important • Thing-computer Interconnection • Redistribute resources between thing and computer • Research Areas • Thing: Self-sustainable backscatter sensors • Computer: Finger wearables • Interconnection: Power and information transfer techniques Mark Weiser’s Vision of Ubiquitous Computing Tab Inch-size ~2.5cm Pad Foot-size ~30cm Board Yard-size ~1m [Weiser, 1991] “you may see more than 100 tabs, 10 or 20 pads and one or two boards. This leads to … hundreds of computers per room.” 3 Mark Weiser. 1991. The Computer for the 21st Century. Scientific American 265, 3. Ubiquitous Computing in the IoT era Tab : Smartphone, smartwatch Pad : Tablets and laptops Board: TVs 4 Internet of Things World of Batteries A Paradigm for Sustainable Ubiquitous Computing Computer Thing Resource-abundant Resource-constrained Interconnection Power Information Necessary Functions for Computers and Things Computer Thing (sensor) Sensing Feedback Storage Sensing Feedback Storage Computation Communication Computation Communication Augmented Things Computer Thing Resource-abundant Resource-constrained Interconnection Power Information Research Taxonomy 1. Self-sustainable Backscatter Sensor Thing 2. Finger Wearables Computer 3. Power and Information Transfer Techniques Interconnection Research Taxonomy 1. Self-sustainable