INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARS ' CONFERENCE th

TRANSLATINGRESEARCH IN A BORDERLESS COMMUNITY: From Theory to Action

October 29-30, 2018 HOSTED BY ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PUTING KAHOY, SILANG, , PHILIPPINES PB 6th international scholars’ conference 6 1 Copyright 2018 By Philippine Publishing House

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Printed in the Philippines

ISSN 2408-3291

Adventist University of the Philippines Telephone: (049) 541-1211 Website www.aup.edu.ph

2 6th international scholars’ conference 3 Message from the Director Contentsof Education of Southern-Asia Pacific Division 4 Keynote Speaker’s Abstracts 5 Speakers’ Abstracts from Partner Institutions TA 6 Universitas Klabat 7 Asia – Pacific International University 8 Adventist University of the Philippines 9 Universitas Advent Indonesia 10 Message from the Conference Chairperson 11 Organizing and Working Committees BLE12 Peer Reviewers 13 Program Schedule 16 Master Schedule of Presenters and Session Venues 30 Abstracts of Contributed Papers Allied Health 56 Science Technology and Engineering OF 128 Theology 162 Business and Governance 182 Arts and Humanities 232 Education 260 Sponsors CON317 2 6th international scholars’ conference TENTS3 4 6th international scholars’ conference 5 Keynote Speaker’s Abstracts

HEAD,Custer RESEARCH MANAGEMENT C. Deocaris DIVISION COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION PHILIPPINES

THE ROAD TO PHILIPPINES’ 3RD NATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION RESEARCH AGENDA, 2019-2028

With its engines of knowledge, innovation and ideas, higher education institutions are now considered as the most powerful sector in the world that can change lives of people for the better especially in this time when knowledge capital is ever more vital to our societies and economies. In the age of the 4th industrial revolution and internationalization, the Philippines’ ability to thrive depends more heavily on ideas and knowledge coupled with the agility of our institutions and human capital. As the regime of the 2nd National Higher Education Research Agenda, 2009-2018 (NHERA-2) comes to a close, we are now engineering a new NHERA that is envisioned to push harder Philippine higher education institutions to the frontiers of knowledge and to maximize conversion of knowledge into innovations and social goods that can help provide solutions to the grand challenges of the country. Ideas, creativity, interdisciplinary thinking and collaboration sit at the heart of the NHERA strategy. The creation of NHERA signals a step towards excellent research in all fields, from natural and health sciences, social sciences, engineering, arts, and humanities. In this talk, I will be discussing the performance and gaps based on the grants management of NHERA-2 in the past 10 years and building on from our experience, I shall be providing an overview of the new concept and strategy for research, innovation and extension for Philippine higher education institutions under the ambit of NHERA-3.

4 6th international scholars’ conference 5 SusanneLOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY, CALIFORNIA,B. Montgomery USA ASSOCIATE DEAN FOR RESEARCH, SCHOOL OF BEHAVIORAL HEALTH DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH, BEHAVIORAL HEALTH INSTITUTE , CALIFORNIA, USA

EMBRACING INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH: A CALL TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE

Abstract: In South East Asia, health challenges now present in complex ways. Leading prevalent diseases range from preventable chronic, lifestyle– related diseases associated with affluence, to infectious diseases more commonly found in developing, low-resourced countries. In Thailand and Indonesia, the lifestyle diseases of stroke, heart disease, and diabetes are among the leading causes of death, closely followed by infectious diseases, such as lower respiratory infections and accidents in Thailand, and diarrheal diseases and malnutrition in Indonesia. This pattern is closely mirrored in the Philippines where, alongside lifestyle diseases, infection with the Dengue virus is the fourth leading cause of death. While this offers many research opportunities, its complexity presents human and monetary resources challenges to small Adventist universities that wish to make a difference to the health of their region. At the same time, the realization of the complexity of disease management and prevention has resulted in a shift from research occurring in isolated silos, to addressing issues from broader social determinants of health perspective. This lecture will explore this shift and present ideas for inter-institutional and interdisciplinary research building on the diversity of disciplines across and within our universities. Such interdisciplinary research requires an openness to broader systems thinking, research methods different to the ones we traditionally used, and patience to respect and even embrace another’s theoretical paradigms to build on each discipline’s strength, when collaborating. While these changes present a challenge, they are exciting in their potential for meaningful contributions in their broad translational applications.

Keywords: lifestyle diseases, interdisciplinary research, theoretical paradigms

6 6th international scholars’ conference 7 Speakers’ Abstracts from Partner Institutions

Joppi J. Rondonuwu UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, INDONESIA VICE PRESIDENT FOR ACADEMICS, UNIVERSITAS KLABAT INDONESIA AIRMADIDI, , INDONESIA

COMPATIBILITY OF THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST HIGHER EDUCATION WITH THE EMERGENCE OF THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN INDONESIA

Abstract: The emergence of the fourth industrial revolution has resulted in creation of new job opportunities that require new hard and soft skills that were not formerly learned nor prescribed in higher education curricula. Indonesian government has endeavored to revisit curricula incorporating national standards of competencies for higher education graduates to be relevant to the skills and knowledge required in the changing job market. Adapting ASEAN Qualification Reference Framework, Indonesia has designed the so-called Kerangka Kualifikasi Nasional Indonesia (KKNI) or Indonesia National Qualification Framework and has been demanding that public, as well as private higher education, reframe their curricula accordingly. The KKNI ranks the emphasis on student learning outcomes as internalization of moral values and soft skills, followed by mastery of hard skills and acquisition of knowledge. As a Seventh-day Adventist higher educational institute in Indonesia, Universitas Klabat has been challenged to equip the institution by enlisting compatible Christian values and relevant skills to be taught and be developed in conventional and online classrooms.

Keywords: ASEAN Qualification Reference Framework, Indonesia National Qualification Framework, soft skills, hard skills

6 6th international scholars’ conference 7 Danny I. Rantung ASIA PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, MUAK LEK, THAILAND

PRESIDENT, ASIA PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY MUAK LEK, SARABURI, THAILAND

NEW HEI MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP DESIGN. Abstract: Competitors are at work reshaping the higher education institution market. Five competitors in particular are having a significant effect on educational design and delivery, yet have not been met with adequate institutional response. There are companies and corporations providing on-site programs for current and future workers; corporate giants in the communications industry with a capability for distance delivery into homes, workplaces, shopping centers, and areas where people congregate. Moreover, there are supplementary education providers such as private tutoring company; high school partnering with business and industry to prepare work ready youth; and service agencies using training programs to prepare workers for many different jobs. What these competitors are doing is to create value in ways surpassing colleges and universities in forms of cost, convenience, great programs and services, customer intimacy, and maverick ideas. To address these problems, higher education institutions (HEIs) will need to consider new designs for management and leadership. Structural solutions such as “skunk works,” strategic alliance, and downsizing are interesting concepts, but they do not remove cultural impediments to competence building and renewal; they only sidestep them. To succeed, HEIs need to provide value equal to or better than competitors while working faster to maintain market share. Some of the strategic actions to be considered are identifying enduring core value; determining what should and should not change about the HEIs; and developing an organizational structure that increases speed.They can also break down boundaries and walls to innovation; prevent budgets from minimalizing college and staff performance; develop systems for planning that involve faculty and staff; and determine the capacity for collective action in carrying out the process of change.

Keywords: Higher Education Institution (HEI), competitors, management, leadership

8 6th international scholars’ conference 9 Speakers’ Abstracts from Partner Institutions

Francisco D. Gayoba ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OFTHE PHILIPPINES PRESIDENT, ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES PUTINGKAHOY, SILANG, CAVITE

CONNECTING TWO WORLDS: COMMUNICATING RESEARCH IN POST-TRUTH ERA

Abstract: Most scholars pursue and apply knowledge and understanding of the natural and social world following a systematic methodology based on evidence. Even those in the hermeneutical disciplines such as philosophy and theology follow rational methodologies. Scholars most often present or communicate what they discovered within the same framework that they do research. They use evidence-based arguments to convince the public about the truth or facts they are sharing. The recent phenomenon of a post-truth era poses challenges on how scholars can translate research in such a way that will engage society. This presentation, first of all, briefly describes the post-truth worldview, highlighting its difference from the scientific or academic culture. Several strategies are then suggested so that academics can connect to society in order to translate research in ways that involve society and have impact in the lives of people.

Keywords: post-truth era, hermeneutics, post-truth worldview

8 6th international scholars’ conference 9 Dr. Bartholomeus Diaz Nainggolan UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

PRESIDENT, UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA BANDUNG, INDONESIA

GOD’S EXCELLENT MANAGEMENT Abstract: God’s Excellent Management is one theme that, as Adventists or more so, as Adventist Educators, needs to be followed in order to fulfill God’s purpose. The concept lies in the Bible in Biblical time. First, as seen in the life of Moses as he listened to the God’s guidance through his father-in-law. Through Jethro, God wanted Moses to have a good organization with two characteristics: having the right person in the right position and maintaining the best quality. However, there are two things that become antithesis and curse to the Excellent Management, namely: complacency and mediocrity. Complacency is defined as self-satisfied; self-righteous; and satisfied with the current condition. On the other hand, mediocre is the opposite of excellence which is averageness, a quality that is adequate or acceptable but not very good. The question is: does God want high quality? The answer given in the Bible is found in the book of Matthew. Jesus tells us to love God with all our heart and with all our mind; and in the book of Ecclesiastes, He tells us that, whatever our hands find to do, we must do it with all our might. In conclusion, we serve God who is excellent in management. God does not want us to be complacent! We should always work with all our might and produce the best for God’s work! Thus, we have a holy responsibility to our Lord and our students − to make schools (God’s universities) stand out in all aspects of education.

Keywords: God, excellent, management

10 6th international scholars’ conference 11 Message from the conference chairperson

MESSAGE FROM THE CONFERENCE CHAIR

It is a great honor for me to welcome all the participants from different parts of the globe to the 6th International Scholars’ Conference with the theme “Translating Research in a Borderless Community: From Theory to Action”. This is another memorable year for the four partner institutions.

This conference features plenary sessions and oral presentations dealing with translational research in the field of allied health, arts and humanities, business, education, sciences, technology, engineering and theology. These sessions will disseminate 264 out of 340 research results and findings submission to discuss with scholars.

As researchers in our respective area of specialization, we have been engaged in various types of research. We should not stop here. It is our obligation to translate the results, ideas, discoveries and many more outputs of research into something useful and sustainable for the community. This partnership will assure that the impact of this conference creates innovations in the aforementioned disciplines that could be translated in a borderless community. Let us harness our potential towards building a stronger research collaboration and more progressive research community.

We would like to thank all the speakers, reviewers, presenters, participants for the effort afforded for this conference, the working committee, and the research staff for their devotion to make this conference possible; and further, partner institutions namely, Asia-Pacific International University (AIU), Thailand, Universitas Advent Indonesia, and Universitas Klabat Indonesia for their support in making this conference possible. Likewise, I would also like to thank our generous sponsors for their full support for this conference.

We hope that this conference will further stimulate research to our local and international scholars. MABUHAY! I wish everyone a fruitful interaction.

Dr. Jolly S. Balila Research Director, AUP Conference Chair, 6ISC

10 6th international scholars’ conference 11 Organizing and Working Committees

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ACCOMODATION

Chair: Dr. Miriam Narbarte Chair: Lowena De Ocampo Members: Dr. Jolly Balila Members: Darlene Riano Dr. Eunice Aclan Zandra Riano Dr. Lorcelie Taclan Dormitory Deans Dr. Beryl Ben Mergal Dr. Robert Borromeo EXHIBITS & SPONSORSHIPS Arjem Noryn Caringal-Agum Chair: Oemer Rey Daquila CONFERENCE MARSHALS Members: All College Deans Dr. Mylene Gumarao Grand Marshal: Dr. Dina Galang Dr. Lorcelie Taclan Members: Dr. Angel Grace Bingcang Dr. Glenda Joy Lopez DOCUMENTATION, MEDIA & PUBLICITY Dr. Uriel Zarzaga Dr. Jesse Songcayawon Chair: Dr. Eunice Aclan Dr. Lualhati Sausa Members: Rodel Romero Dr. Beryl Ben Mergal Kyari Leen Alcantara Dr. Mary Jane Botabara-Yap Jeff Eric Pajarito Dr. Leonardo Dorado - Philippines Dr. Mylene Gumarao Natividad Estapon WEBSITE DEVELOPMENT Harris Lester Catolico Lowena De Ocampo Chair: Ian-ner Cervantes Teofilo Esguerra Members: Jenald Rodelas Raul San Diego Jose Salera III SECURITY, GUEST RELATIONS & PROTOCOL Mark Samson Jovillo Ibanez Chair: Col. Danilo Estapon Members: Arlene Gayoba PROGRAMS & PROCEEDINGS Dr. Uriel Zarzaga Dr. Leonardo Dorado Chair: Dr. Jolly Balila Members: Dr. Beryl Ben Mergal PHYSICAL ARRANGEMENT Dr. Glenda Joy Lopez Arjem Noryn Caringal-Agum Chair: Dr. Ruth Javien Mylene Alboris Members: Jonalyn Aclon Vergel Neil Galang Gwayne Aclon Marikit Anne Gayoba SECRETARIAT Natividad Estapon Jonathan Gonzales Chair: Dr. Beryl Ben Mergal Ruchel Oasan Members: Arjem Noreen Agum Jessrel Lagariza Wilhem Fesalbon Rex Pueblos Arjem Noryn Caringal-Agum Jack Sausa Kyari Leen Alcantara Juarren Vegafria Judy Mae Juayno David Santos Winelfred Pasamba Rona Beth Saban MEDICAL Ardie Tayongtong Mark Samson Chair: Eunice Carpizo Lea Divina Members: Dr. Dina Galang Jo Anne Kristine Lucero Dr. Mercy Buhia FOOD COMMITTEE TRANSPORTATION

Chair: Margeta Apalat Chair: Dr. Angel Grace Bingcang Members: Zenaida Valencia Members: Dr. Ruben Carpizo Dr. Miriam Estrada David Santos Lumen Fajardo

12 6th international scholars’ conference 13 Working Committees and Peer reviewers

Peer Reviewers Allied Health

Dr. Chantana Lortachakul Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Pornpan Saminpanya Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Jarurat Sriratanapraphat Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Jirawan Klommek Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Maxine Newell Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Miriam R. Estrada Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Dina Galang Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Jane Botabara-Yap Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Alvin B. Laguna Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Maribel C. Balagtas Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Eleanor C. Castillo Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Beryl Ben C. Mergal Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Nilawati Soputri Universitas Advent Indonesia Dr. Albert Hutapea Universitas Advent Indonesia Dr. Samuel Maju Simajuntak Universitas Adventi Indonesia

Arts and Humanities/Education

Dr. Helen Edwards Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Bienvisa Nebres Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Jezamine De Leon National Police Academy, Philippines Dr. Florvilla P. Marticio Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Romeo M. Barrios Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Mylene S. Gumarao Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Michael S. Naidas Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Josephine Katenga Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Kham Khan Khai Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Gracel Ann S. Saban Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Eunice M. Aclan Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Jolly S. Balila Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Leonardo B. Dorado Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Jeremiah C. Fameronag Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Caroline Katemba Universitas Advent Indonesia Dr. Oktavian Mantiri Universitas Klabat Manado, Indonesia Dr. Ronny Kountur Binus International University, Jakarta, Indonesia

12 6th international scholars’ conference 13 Peer Reviewers Business and Governance

Dr. Wayne Hamra Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Damrong Sattayawaksakul Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Henry Foster Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Noah Balraj Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Paluku Kazimoto Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Reuel E. Narbarte Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Miriam P. Narbarte Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Glenda Joy B. Lopez Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Robert A. Borromeo Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Ruben C. Carpizo Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Marthen Sengkey Universitas Klabat Manado, Indonesia Dr. Francis Hutabarat Universitas Advent Indonesia Dr. Elvis Ronald Sumanti Universitas Klabat Manado, Indonesia

Science and Technology

Dr. Elvin Walemba Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Kamolnan Taweeyanyongkul Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Warren Shipton Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Anthoney Thangiah Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Annals Tatenda Mushunje Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Edwin A. Balila Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Lorcelie B. Taclan Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Vicky C. Mergal Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Orlex B. Yllano Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Joshua H.L Tobing Universitas Advent Indonesia Dr. Andrew Tanny Liem Universitas Klabat Manado, Indonesia

Philosophy/Theology

Dr. Alfredo Gomeri Agustin Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Sang Hoon Jee Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Youssry Lawandy Mikhael Guirguis Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Boonrat Moolkeaw Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Franklin Hutabarat Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Nestor C. Rilloma Dr. Rico T. Javien Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Julio C. Amurao Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Salvador Molina Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Budi Harwanto Universitas Klabat Manado, Indonesai

14 6th international scholars’ conference 15 editorial Board

Editorial Board

EDITORS AND CONSULTANTS Jolly S. Balila Ph.D. Beryl Ben C. Mergal Ph.D. Lorcelie B. Taclan Ph. D. Eunice M. Aclan Ph.D. Weanne Myrrh R. Estrada, MPh Arjem Noryn Caringal-Agum, LPT

Layout Artist: MarBert Lio Taguba Vergel Neil B. Galang

Data Encoder: Mylyn L. Alboris

14 6th international scholars’ conference 15 Adventist University of the Philippines 6th International Scholars’ Conference Day 1: October 29, 2018

University Gymnasium 7:30 am – 8:30 am REGISTRATION 8:30 am – 10:30 am FIRST PLENARY SESSION

Program 8:30 - 8:32 CONFERENCE VIDEO COUNTDOWN 9:55 - 10:15 SPEAKER DR. DANNY RANTUNG 8:32 - 8:40 PROCESSIONAL President, Asia-Pacific International University ADMINISTRATORS Thailand PLATFORM PARTY RESEARCH COUNCIL 10:15 - 10:18 CLOSING PRAYER CONFERENCE CHAIR DR. SALVADOR T. MOLINA INTERNATIONAL FLAGS Faculty, College of Theology, AUP 8:41 - 8:45 PHILIPPINE NATIONAL ANTHEM 10:18 - 10:30 REFRESHMENTS AUP FACULTY ENSEMBLE MR. RON IVAN S. PERDIDO, CONDUCTING 10:30 - 12:00 pm 1st PARALLEL SESSIONS Faculty, College of Business, AUP 12:00 - 1:30 LUNCH 8:45 - 9:00 INSPIRATIONAL MESSAGE AND OPENING PRAYER 1:30 - 4:00 pm 2nd PARALLEL SESSIONS DR. NESTOR C. RILLOMA Faculty, Manila Adventist College 4:00 - 4:35 pm 2nd PLENARY SESSION 9:01 - 9:05 WELCOME REMARKS 4:00 - 4:02 OPENING PRAYER DR. MIRIAM P. NARBARTE DR. LORCELIE B. TACLAN Vice President for Academics, AUP Research Consultant, Research Office, AUP 9:06 - 9:10 FELICITATIONS 4:02 - 4:07 INTRODUCTION OF THE SPEAKER DR. JUDITH MARY ANN R. CHAN DR. ROMEO M. BARRIOS Education Supervisor II, CHED Chair, Developmental Communications, AUP 9:11 - 9:15 MUSICAL RENDITION 4:07 - 4:12 MUSICAL RENDITION AUP FACULTY ENSEMBLE FACULTY MALE CHORUS MR. RON IVAN S. PERDIDO, CONDUCTING Faculty, College of Business, AUP 4:12 - 4:32 SPEAKER DR. JOPPI RONDONUWU AUP ORCHESTRA Vice President-Academics, MR. ARMAND LEO APALAT, CONDUCTING Universitas Klabat Indonesia, Indonesia Internal Auditor, AUP 4:32 - 4:35 CLOSING PRAYER 9:15 - 9:20 INTRODUCTION OF SPEAKER DR. JULIO C. AMURAO DR. FREDIE B. BULAUAN Chair, College of Theology, AUP Education Supervisor II, CHED 9:20 - 9:50 KEYNOTE ADDRESS DR. CUSTER C. DEOCARIS Head, Research Department MASTER OF CEREMONIES: Commission on High Education Philippines DR. ROMEO M. BARRIOS Chair, Developmental Communications, AUP 9:50 - 9:55 INTERMISSION AUP ORCHESTRA MR. ARMAND LEO S. APALAT, CONDUCTING CULTURAL PRESENTATION Internal Auditor, AUP 7:00 PM – 9:00 PM 16 6th international scholars’ conference 17 6ISC Program

Adventist University of the Philippines 6th International Scholars’ Conference Day 2: October 30, 2018

University Gymnasium 8:00 am – 10:30 am Third PLENARY SESSION

Program 8:00 - 8:05 PHILIPPINE NATIONAL ANTHEM 12:00 -1:30 LUNCH AUP PMV SONG MR. CYRIL O. PUNAY 1:30 - 3:00 pm 4th PARALLEL SESSIONS Faculty, AUP Academy 3:30 - 5:00 pm 4th PLENARY SESSION 8:05 - 8:20 INSPIRATIONAL MESSAGE AND OPENING PRAYER 3:00 - 3:03 INSTRUMENTAL NUMBER DR. BIENVENIDO G. MERGAL MUSIC MAJORS ENSEMBLE Vice President, Southern Asia-Pacific Division of SDA 3:03 - 3:05 OPENING PRAYER DR. BERYL BEN C. MERGAL 8:25 - 8:30 MUSICAL RENDITION Research Consultant, Research Office, AUP AUP ACADEMY CHOIR MR. CYRIL PUNAY, CONDUCTING 3:05 - 3:08 MUSICAL OFFERING Faculty, AUP Academy MU GAMMA CHI 8:30 - 8:35 INTRODUCTION OF SPEAKERS 3:08 - 3:28 SPEAKER DR. EUNICE M. ACLAN DR. FRANCISCO D. GAYOBA Research Consultant, Research Office, AUP President, Adventist University of the Philippines 8:30 - 9:05 KEYNOTE ADDRESS 3:28 - 4:08 WORDS OF APPRECIATION DR. SUSANNE B. MONTGOMERY RESEARCH DIRECTORS Associate Dean for Research Research School of Behavioral Health 4:08 - 4:18 VIDEO PRESENTATION Loma Linda University, U.S.A HOST 7TH INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARS’ 9:05 - 9:08 INTERMISSION CONFERENCE AUP ACADEMY CHOIR MR. CYRIL O. PUNAY, CONDUCTING 4:18 - 4:20 CLOSING PRAYER Faculty, AUP Academy PTR. REX M. MANGILIMAN Church Pastor, Philippine International Church 9:08 - 9:28 SPEAKER Adventist University of the Philippines DR. BARTHOLOMEUS NAINGGOLAN President, Universitas Advent Indonesia, Indonesia 9:28 - 9:33 VOTE OF THANKS DR. JOLLY S. BALILA Chair, University Research office, AUP 9:33 - 9:35 CLOSING PRAYER DR. RICO T. JAVIEN Faculty, College of Theology, AUP

9:35 - 9:45 REFRESHMENTS MASTER OF CEREMONIES: DR. EUNICE M. ACLAN 9:45 -12:00 PARALLEL SESSIONS Research Consultant, Research Office, AUP

9:45 -12:00 pm 3rd PARALLEL SESSIONS 4:30 ONWARDS *TOUR*

16 6th international scholars’ conference 17 AlliedSchedule atHealth a Glance 7:30-8:30: Registration 8:30-10:30: First Plenary Session 10:18-10:30 Refreshment

DAY 1 MORNING SESSION (10:30-12:00) Session 1-CON 306 Session 2-CON 308 Session 3-Grad Sch. Multipurpose Session 4-Grad Sch Rm 3 Session Chair: Dr. D. Galang Session Chair: Dr. S. Jael Session Chair: Dr. B. Mergal Session Chair: Dr. A.Laguna

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter ALH 001 Mary Ann Grace ALH007 Palupi Triwahyuni, ALH013 Jay Ann M. ALH 018 Ivanna Junamel 10:30-10:45 Dorado Jeany Rantung Gamelong Manoppo

ALH002 Pornpan ALH0008 Yulia ALH014 Elisa Anderson ALH019 Joyosthie B. Orbe 10:45-11:00 Saminpanya Maratuzzakiyah

ALH003 Selly Amelia ALH 009 Michael Joseph ALH015 Samuel Simajuntak ALH020 Nova Lina Langingi 11:00-11:15 Suryana Putri Diño

ALH004 Glena Fe Y. Alcabasa ALH 010 Vicky C. Mergal ALH016 Kanokwan Nunchai ALH021 Janieve Ybañez and 11:15-11:30 Ella Jan Dell Arciaga

ALH005 Giovanni Maria ALH011 Ernawaty Siagian ALH017 Jacqueline G. ALH022 Ma. Estrella H. Sales 11:30-11:45 Sinaga Polancos

ALH006 Princess Red Rose ALH012 Suwadee Takan 11:45-12:00 Rodriguez

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSION (1:30-3:30)

Session 5-CON 306 Session 7-CON 308 Session 9-Grad Sch. Multipurpose Rm Session chair: Dr. M. Yap Session chair: Dr. M. Dino Session chair: Dr. Jarurat Sriratanaprapa

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

ALH 023 Titin Sulastri ALH031 Kheirn Karren Pajarito ALH039 Kiki Ocktarianti 1:30-1:45

ALH024 Lea Andy Shintya ALH032 Deborah Cynthia T. ALH040 Dwight Mahaputera 1:45-2:00 Gatchalian Marulitua Hutapea

ALH025 Uriel L. Zarsaga ALH033 Ninuk Permata Sari ALH041 Dina D. Galang 2:00-2:15

ALH 026 Intan Pratiwi ALH034 Jirawan Klommek AH042 Monica Elsyia 2:15-2:30

Session 6-CON 306 Session 8-CON 308 Session 10- Grad Sch Multipurpose Session Chair: Dr. A. Bingcang Session Chair: Dr. M. Estrada Session Chair:Dr. J. Polancos

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

ALH 027 Arvin Laguna ALH035 Mandias Reagen ALH 043 Jarurat Sriratanaprapat 2:30 – 2:45

ALH028 Marvel Reuben Suwitono ALH036 Samuel Simanjuntak ALH044 Beryl Ben C. Mergal 2:45-3:00

ALH029 Albert Manggading Hutapea ALH037 Mary Jane Botabara-Yap ALH045 Andreas Rantepadang 3:00-3:15

ALH030 Kathleen Joyce Estrada ALH38 Ruchell Oasan ALH046 Gladys Mae Laborde 3:15-3:30

3:30 -4:00 Refreshment 4:00-4:35 Second Plenary Session 6:00 -8:30 Dinner and Cultural Presentation

18 6th international scholars’ conference 19 Program Schedule

8:00 – 10:00 THIRD PLENARY SESSION 9:35 – 9:35 REFRESHMENT DAY 2 MORNING SESSION (10:30-12:00)

Session 11-CON 306 Session 13-CON 308 Session 15-Grad Sch. Multipurpose Session Chair: Dr. A. Hutapea Session Chair: Dr. Jirawan Klommek Session Chair: Dr. N. Soputri

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

ALH047 Rona Beth S. Saban ALH055 Christine Bayona ALH063 Maria Julita S. J. Sibayan 10:00-10:15 Florida Hondo, ALH048 Yunus Elon ALH056 Nilawati Soputri ALH064 Epafroditus Edo 10:15-10:30

ALH049 Maria Carmela L. Domocmat ALH057 Evelin Malinti, Firdawati Lola ALH065 Kristel Anne M. Rey 10:30-10:45

ALH050 Evelin Malinti ALH058 James J. Watopa ALH066 Lovely G. Sepang 10:45-11:00

Session 12-CON 306 Session 14-CON 308 Session 16-Grad Sch Multipurpose Session chair: Dr. M. Balagtas Session chair: Prof. J. Orbe Session chair: Prof.M.Sibayan

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

ALH051 Novita Verayanti Manalu ALH059 Susy Jael ALH0067 Jirawan Klommek 11:00-11:15

ALH052 April Yabut ALH060 Worawalun Bunluesup ALH068 Mark B. Samson 11:15-11:30

ALH053 Jennalyn Dela Cruz ALH061 Mercy N. Buhia ALH 069 Lance Erwin Quiles 11:30-11:45

ALH054 Ailine Yoan Sanger ALH062 Angel Grace F. Bingcang ALH070 Miriam Estrada 11:45-12:00

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSION (1:30-3:30) Session 17- Grad Sch. Multipurpose Session chair: Dr. S. Simajuntak

Schedule Paper No. Presenter

ALH071 Maribel Balagtas 1:30-1:45

ALH072 Ardie Tayongtong 1:45-2:00

ALH073 Florida Hondo, Pola Maulita 2:00-2:15

ALH074 Ana Rose Padua 2:15-2:30

ALH075 April M. Obon 2:30-2:45

3:00-3-30 pm Refreshment 3:30-5:00 pm 4th Plenary Session (Closing Ceremony)

18 6th international scholars’ conference 19 Science,Schedule Technology at a Glance & Engineering 7:30-8:30: Registration 8:30-10:30: First Plenary Session 10:18-10:30 Refreshment

DAY 1 MORNING SESSION (10:30-12:00)

Session 1-COB 16 Session 2-COB 24 Session 3- COB 25 Session Chair: Dr. L. Taclan Session Chair: Dr. N. Flores Session Chair: Dr. J. Tobing

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

EST001 Joe Yuan Mambu EST006 Leilani D. Arce EST011 Jemmarie G. Suetos and 10:30-10:45 Samuel R. Simon

EST002 Oktoverano Hendrik EST007 Anthoney Swamy Thangiah EST012 Kamolnan 10:45-11:00 Lengkong Taweeyanyongkul

EST003 Winelfred Pasamba EST008 Challis K. Pulotu EST013 Orlex B. Yllano 11:00-11:15

EST004 Green Ferry Mandias EST009 Myrnille Joy Z. Galang EST014 Ratna Noah 11:15-11:30

EST005 Elmer P. Joaquin EST010 Rex S. Langngag and EST015 Marc Philip R. Ocoma 11:30-11:45 Samuel R. Simon

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSION (1:30-3:30)

Session 4-COB 16 Session 5-COB 16 Session chair: Dr. E. Balila Session chair: Dr. O. Yllano

Schedule Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

EST016 Jackson Niyorugira Sebigunda EST020 Rut Normasari 1:30-1:45 2:30-2:45

EST017 Andi Pujo Rahadi EST021 Ferdinand E. Mendoza 1:45 2:00 2:45-3:00

EST018 Edwin Julius Solaiman EST022 Yongyuth Puriboriboon 2:00-2:15 3:00-3:15

EST 019 Abraham P. Racca EST023 Dexter F. Pajarito 2:15-2:30 3:15-3:30

3:30 -4:00 Refreshment 4:00-4:35 Second Plenary Session 6:00 -8:30 Dinner and Cultural Presentation

20 6th international scholars’ conference 21 Program Schedule

8:00 – 10:00 Third Plenary Session 9:35 – 9:35 Refreshment

DAY 2 MORNING SESSION (10:30-12:00) Session 6-COB 16 Session 8-CON 24 Session 7-CON 16 Session Chair: Dr. K.Taweeyanyongkul Session Chair:Dr. Anthoney Swamy Thangiah Session Chair:Dr. Maribel Balagtas

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

EST024 Giovanni Mercado EST031 Jane Rodriguez EST028 Mary Cyrin Victoria C. Defino 10:00-10:15 11:00-11:15

EST025 Doli Situmeang EST032 Lorcelie B. Taclan EST029 Ferdinand A. Esplana 10:15-10:30 11:15-11:30

EST026 Yanna Yvonne C. Macayan EST033 Jacquline Morlav S. EST030 Ciriaco T. Ragual 10:30-10:45 Waworundeng 11:30-11:45

EST027 Joshua H.L. Tobing EST034 Naomi A. Ubina and Alvin 10:45-11:00 Marayag

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 DAY 2 AFTERNOON SESSION (1:30-3:00) 3:00-3-30 pm Refreshment 3:30-5:00 pm 4th Plenary Session(Closing Ceremony)

20 6th international scholars’ conference 21 Schedule Theologyat a Glance 7:30-8:30: Registration 8:30-10:30: First Plenary Session 10:18-10:30 Refreshment

DAY 1 MORNING SESSION (10:30-12:00)

Session 1-Theol Rm 3 Session Chair: Dr. R. Javien

Schedule Paper No. Presenter

TH001 Houtman Elysha Sinaga 10:30-10:45

TH002 Budi Harwanto 10:45-11:00

TH003 Andresito Fernando 11:00-11:15 Good Meet and Milton Pardosi TH004 11:15-11:30 Youssry Guirguis

TH005 11:30-11:45 Houtman Elysha Sinaga

TH001 10:30-10:45

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSION (1:30-3:30)

Session 2-Theol Rm 3 Session 3-COT Rm 3 Session Chair: Dr. J. Amurao Session Chair: Dr. Y. Guirguis

Schedule Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

TH006 Gabby Jed C. Galgao TH010 Julio Amurao 1:30-1:45 2:30:2:45

TH007 Nestor C. Rilloma TH011 Salvador Molina 1:45-2:00 2:45-3:00

TH008 Petronio M. Genebago TH012 Rico T. Javien 2:00-2:15 3:00-3:15

Th009 Ismael P. Cabason 2:15-2:30

3:30 -4:00 Refreshment 4:00-4:35 Second Plenary Session 6:00-8:30 Dinner and Cultural Presentation

22 6th international scholars’ conference 23 Program Schedule

DAY 2 MORNING SESSION (10:00-12:00)

Session 4- Theol Rm 3 Session 5-Theol Rm 3 Session Chair: Dr. S. Molina Session Chair: Dr. N. Rilloma

Schedule Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

TH014 Suryanica Aristas Pasuhuk TH018 Yoanes Sinaga 10:00-10:15 11:00-11:15

TH015 Isaac Immanuel Sinaga TH019 Yosep Surahman Situmeang 10:15- 10:30 11:15-11:30

TH016 Exson Eduaman Pane TH020 Blasius Abin 10:30-10-45 11:30-11:45

TH017 Donny Chrissutianto TH 021 Yoanes Sinaga 10:45-11:00 11:45-12:00

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00

22 6th international scholars’ conference 23 Business and Governance Schedule at a Glance 7:30-8:30: Registration 8:30-10:30: First Plenary Session 10:18-10:30 Refreshment

DAY 1 MORNING SESSION (10:30-12:00)

Session 1-COB 11 Session 2-COB 15 Session Chair: Dr. G. Lopez Session Chair: Dr. R. Narbarte

Schedule Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

BG001 Victor T. C. Sinaga BG007 Vanessa Febriana & Francis Hutabarat 10:30-10:45

BG002 Subin Putson BG008 Tonny I. Soewignyo 10:45-11:00 Sairung Rutaikarn

BG003 Noah Anburaj Balraj BG009 Marilyn P. Tampes 11:00-11:15

BG004 Deske W. Mandagi BG010 Judith T. G. Sinaga 11:15-11:30

BG005 T. Ryan Keough BG011 Leila T. Bayot 11:30-11:45

BG006 Francis Hutabarat BG012 Prince Mbokani and Lenny Simatupang 11:45-12:00

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSION (1:30-3:30)

Session 3-COB 11 Session 5-COB 15 Session 4-COB 11 Session 6 –COB 15 Session Chair: Dr. M. Narbarte Session Chair: Dr. F. Hutabarat Session Chair: Dr. S. Stanley Session Chair: Dr. H. Malau

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter BG013 Georges Mumbere BG021 Jose P. Salera BG017 Damrong BG025 Fanny Soewignyo 1:30-1:45 Kisumano 2:30-2:45 Sattayawaksakool

BG014 Williams Kwasi BG022 Sorawit Chaiphisit BG018 Lenda Mambo BG026 Erwin A. Caparas 1:45-2:00 Peprah 2:45-3:00

BG015 Ma. Teresa BG023 Rouna Paoki BG019 Robert A. Borromeo BG027 Noah Anburaj Balraj 2:00-2:15 Dimaala-Calma 3:00-3:15

BG016 Reuel E. Narbarte BG024 Thitaree Sirikulpat BG020 Harman Malau, BG028 Sherilyn B. De Leon 2:15-2:30 3:15-3:30 Juve Tan – Macaraig

3:30 -4:00 Refreshment 4:00-4:35 Second Plenary Session 6:00-8:30 Dinner and Cultural Presentation

24 6th international scholars’ conference 25 Program Schedule

8:00 – 10:00 Third Plenary Session 9:35 – 9:35 Refreshment

DAY 2 MORNING SESSION (10:O0-12:00)

Session 7-COB 11 Session 9- COB 15 Session 8-COB 11 Session 10 – COB 15 Session Chair: Dr. Noah Anburaj Balraj Session Chair: Dr. M. Macalalad Session Chair: Dr. R. Borromeo Session Chair: Prof. D. Mandagi

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter BG029 Armando Soriano BG037 Julieta de Castro BG033 Miriam P. Narbarte BG041 Lualhati P. Sausa 10:00-10:15 11:00-11:15

BG 030 Stanley S. Nangoy BG038 Hartiny Pop BG034 Ate Gueen Lasni BG042 Indrajit Taliwongso 10:15-10:30 Koapaha 11:15-11:30 Roha Simanungkalit

BG031 Maropen R. BG039 Michael M. Orozco BG035 Marithel J. Tiangco BG 43 Glenda Joy Lopez 10:30-10:45 Simbolon 11:30-11:45

BG032 Romulo Sinabutar BG040 Nelda Atibagos BG036 Fryddy Djoko Siono BG044 Allan Noel G. 10:45-11:00 Nacion 11:45-12:00 Tiangco

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSION (1:30-3:30)

Session 11- COB 11 Session Chair: Dr. R. Carpizo

Schedule Paper No. Presenter

BG045 Leomar Miano 1:30-1:45

BG046 Cherry D. Abeleda 1:45-2:00

BG048 Meidy Lieke Karundeng 2:00-2:15

BG045 Shirley Lascuna 2:15-2:30

BG049 Ernest Matindas 2:30 – 2:45

BG050 Marta B. Macalalad 2:45-3:00

3:00-3-30 pm Refreshment 3:30-5:00 pm 4th Plenary Session (Closing Ceremony)

24 6th international scholars’ conference 25 Arts andSchedule Humanitiesat a Glance 7:30-8:30: Registration 8:30-10:30: First Plenary Session 10:18-10:30 Refreshment

DAY 1 MORNING SESSION (10:30-12:00)

Session 1-Educ Ground Floor Session 2 –EDUC Rm 103 Session chair: Dr. J. De Leon Session chair: Dr. F. Marticio

Schedule Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

AH001 Lowena De Ocampo AH007 Genfil Villahermosa 10:30-10:45

AH002 Nicolas Chrissutianto AH008 Julie Joy R. Lacificar 10:45-11:00

AH003 Mylene S. Gumarao AH009 Belle C. Manlapig 11:00-11:15

AH005 Janet Nyaboke Odhiambo AH0010 Mangadar Simbolon, Stephanie Bethania 11:15-11:30 Pearly Simbolon

AH006 Edmund Acquioben 11:30-11:45 AH011 Romeo M. Barrios

11:45-12:00 AH012 Myrtle C. Orbon

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSION (1:30-3:30)

Session 3-Educ Ground Floor 2 Session 4-Educ Ground Floor2 Session Chair: Dr. J. De Leon Session Chair: Dr. M. Gumarao

Schedule Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

AH013 Almira Cervantes and Flor Villa Marticio AH 017 Jezamine De Leon 1:30-1:45 2:30- 2:45

AH014 Zussette C. Aplaon AH018 Eric Jeff Pajarito 1:45-2:00 2:45-3:00

AH015 Leomar S. Galicia ALH019 Jebamani Anthoney 2:00-2:15 3:00-3:15

AH 016 Ester J. E. W. Ndruru, Nelson Panjaitan AH020 Hyreizl Love Tangonan, John Merick 2:15-2:30 3:15-3:30 Eupalao, Charlton Selda

3:30 -4:00 Refreshment 4:00-4:35 Second Plenary Session 6:00 -8:30 Dinnner and Cultural Presentation

26 6th international scholars’ conference 27 Program Schedule

8:00 – 10:00 Third Plenary Session 9:35 – 9:35 Refreshment

DAY 2 MORNING SESSION (10:00-12:00)

Session 5-Educ Rm 103 Session 6 Session chair: Dr. Helen Edwards Session Chair: Dr. J. Soncayawon

Schedule Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

AH021 Jeruel B. Ibañez AH025 Ann Galeon Anolin 10:00-10:15 11:00-11:15

ALH022 Araceli C. Corpuz AH026 Anne Lou M. Hendriks 10:15- 10:30 11:15-11:30

AH023 Michael S. Naidas AH027 Nerilyn Beratio and 10:30-10-45 11:30 -11:45 Khristine Ruth F. de Gracia

AH024 Josephine E. Katenga AH028 Mangadar Simbolon 10:45-11:00 11:45-12:00

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 3:00 – 3:30 Refreshment 3:30 – 5:00 Fourth Plenary Session ( Closing Ceremony)

26 6th international scholars’ conference 27 EducationSchedule at a Glance 7:30-8:30: Registration 8:30-10:30: First Plenary Session 10:18-10:30 Refreshment

DAY 1 MORNING SESSION (10:30-12:00)

Session 1-Educ Rm 101 Session 2-Educ Rm 102 Session Chair: Dr. Jimmy Kijai Session Chair: Dr. J. Fameronag

Schedule Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

EDU001 Nimrod S. Salazar EDU007 Gracel Ann S. Saban 10:30-10:45

EDU002 Alma D. Ochoco EDU008 Ranjith Kingston Gladstone 10:45-11:00

EDU003 Reymand Hutabarat, Franklin Hutabarat EDU009 Elmie Lynn V. Lagajino 11:00-11:15

EDU004 Sheryll Ann Castillo EDU010 Ivy Tarun 11:15-11:30

EDU005 Leonardo B. Dorado EDU011 Yunus Elon 11:30-11:45

EDU006 Marvin Nonoy B. Campit EDU012 Ardelma V. Sarmiento 11:45-12:00

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSION (1:30-3:30)

Session 3-EDUC Rm 101 Session 5-EDUC Rm 102 Session 4-EDUC Rm 101 Session 6 –EDUC Rm 102 Session Chair: Dr. L. Dorado Session Chair: Dr.F. Hutabarat Session Chair: Dr. E. Aclan Session Chair: Dr.R. Francisco

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter EDU013 Carol Linda EDU021 Levy M. Fajanilan EDU017 Elias Rafael L. EDU025 Karlton Keller and 1:30-1:45 Kingston 2:30-2:45 Decena Wendy Keough

EDU014 Albinur Limbong, EDU022 Carol Linda EDU018 Phanommas EDU026 Jeremiah C. 1:45-2:00 Horasdia Saragih Kingston 2:45- 3:00 Bamrungsin Fameronag

EDU015 Cecilia Ronia, EDU023 Yenni Christina EDU 019 Kitasha Jingru Li EDU027 Lely Sualang 2:00-2:15 Marieta Pagaduan 3:00-3:15

EDU016 Romulo Sinabutar EDU 024 Nerissa S. Batulayan EDU 020 Oliveth H. Tolentino EDUC 028 Mark Vernon Saban 2:15-2:30 3:15-3:30

3:30 -4:00 Refreshment 4:00-4:35 Second Plenary Session 6:00 -8:30 Dinner and Cultural Presentation

28 6th international scholars’ conference 29 Program Schedule

8:00 – 10:00 Third Plenary Session 9:35 – 9:35 Refreshment

DAY 2 MORNING SESSION (10:30-12:00)

Session 7-EDUC 101 Session 9- EDUC Ground Floor 2 Session 8-EDUC 101 Session 10- EDUC Ground Floor 2 Session chair: Dr. S. Castillo Session chair: Dr. E. Balila Session chair: Prof. T. Esguerra Session chair: Dr. J.Balila

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter EDU029 Ranjith Kingston EDU037 Alvin Tenorio EDU033 April Ann T. Peña EDUC 041 Edwin Balila 10:00-10:15 Gladstone and Jed 11:00- 11:15 Ferrancullo EDU030 Nora Susilowaty EDU 038 Jimmy Kijai EDU034 Josephine Manapsal EDUC 042 Robert John V. 10:15- 10:30 Nainggolan 11:15-11:30 Almocera

EDU031 Ma. Melissa Lynne EDU 039 Jolly Balila EDU035 Petrus Kondo EDUC 043 Emir Lenard 10:30-10:45 Ada Ladisla 11:30- 11:45 Sicangco

EDU032 Amada C. Yllano EDU 040 Teresita G. EDU036 Nakhon EDUC 042 Ricardo A. 10:45-11:00 Belarmino 11:45-12:00 Kitjaroonchai and Catanghal, Jr. Tantip Kitjaroonchai

LUNCH BREAK 12:00-1:00 DAY 2 AFTERNOON SESSION (1:30-3:30)

Session 11- EDUC Rm 101 Session 13- COB 102 Session 12- EDUC Rm 101 Session chair: Dr. L. Dorado Session chair: Dr. O. Tolentino Session chair: Dr. E. Lagajino

Schedule Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter Paper No. Presenter

EDU045 Jennalyn Ann G. dela Viña. EDU053 Dominic Cabauatan EDU049 Josephine P. Manapsal 1:30-1:145 Rechelle F. Matira and 2:30-2:45 Michelle T. Collado EDU054 Rufina F. Francisco EDU050 Ester J. E. W. Ndruru, EDU046 Alvyn Hendriks 2:45-3:00 Nelson Panjaitan 1:45:2:00 EDU055 Arjem Noryn Carinagl-Agum EDU051 Phanommas Bamrungsin EDU047 Ranjith Kingston Gladstone 3:00-3:15 2:00-2:15 EDU056 Rey Gelladuga EDUC 052 Teofilo C. Esguerra, Jr. EDU048 Mahaingam Varah 3:15-3:30 2:15-2:30

3:00-3-30 pm Refreshment 3:30-5:00 pm 4th Plenary Session (Closing Ceremony)

28 6th international scholars’ conference 29 Allied Health DAY 1 MORNING SESSIONS (10:30-12:00) Allied Health: Parallel Session 1 l CON ROOM 306 Session Chair: Dr. Dina Galang SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH 001 Mary Ann Grace Dorado Effects of Play Therapy on the Pain Adventist University of the 10:30-10:45 Management of Post-Operative Pediatric Philippines patients

2. ALH002 Pornpan Saminpanya Perceived Self-Efficacy, Outcome Expectations Asia-Pacific International 10:45-11:00 and Self-Care Behavior of Hypertensive University, Thailand Patients Received a Treatment at Hinlub Subdistrict Health Promotion Hospital, Muak Lek District, Saraburi Province, Thailand

3. ALH003 Selly Amelia Suryana Effect of Postural Drainage and Effective Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu 11:00-11:15 Putri Cough after Nebulizer Intervention on Kesehatan Rajawali, Oxygen Saturation among Children with Universitas Advent Indonesia Bronchopneumonia

4. ALH004 Glena Fe Y. Alcabasa Effect of Holistic Approach Program on Mental Adventist University of the 11:15-11:30 Health among Adolescents of Barangay Dita, Philippines City of Santa Rosa, Laguna

5. ALH005 Giovanni Maria Sinaga Effects of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise 11:30-11:45 on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Universitas Advent Indonesia Prehypertensive Clients at Universitas Advent Indonesia

6. ALH006 Princess Red Rose Comparison of the Glycemic Response of Adventist University of the 11:45-12:00 Rodriguez White Sugar and Monk Fruit Sweetener among Philippines Normoglycemic Subjects

Allied Health: Parallel Session 2 l CON ROOM 308 Session Chair: Dr. Susy A. Jael SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH007 Palupi Triwahyuni, Results of Measurement of Body Temperature Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:30-10:45 Jeany Rantung with Glass Mercury Thermometer and Digital Axillary Thermometer on Adult Patients at a Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia

2. ALH0008 Yulia Maratuzzakiyah The Effects Of Mozart Classical Music Therapy Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu 10:45-11:00 (Clarinet Concerto In A Major K622) For Kesehatan Rajawali, Increasing Muscle Strength in Stroke Patients Undergoing ROM Exercise Admitted Patient

3. ALH 009 Michael Joseph Diño “I feel like I’m drawing strength from it”: Lived Our Lady of Fatima University 11:00-11:15 Experiences of Filipino Elderly Participating in Craft-Making

4. ALH 010 Vicky C. Mergal Phenomenological Study of Traumatic Brain Adventist University of the 11:15-11:30 Injury Survivors Philippines 5. ALH011 Ernawaty Siagian Tuberculosis Patient Adherence to Treatment Universitas Advent Indonesia 11:30-11:45 and Transmission to Home Contact Family Members

6. ALH012 Suwadee Takan Learning Achievement and Satisfaction in Asia-Pacific International 11:45-12:00 teaching through Teleconference of the First University, Thailand Year Nursing Students at Mission Faculty of Nursing, Asia-Pacific International University

30 6th international scholars’ conference 31 Master Schedule of Presenters and Session Venues

Allied Health: Parallel Session 3 l Graduate School Multipurpose Room Session Chair: Dr. Beryl Ben C. Mergal SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH013 Jay Ann M. Gamelong Exploring High Rate Malnutrition Among Adventist University of the 10:30-10:45 Children in a Selected Barangay in Silang, Philippines Cavite

2. ALH014 Elisa Anderson Qualitative Study: Motivation of Post-Stroke Universitas Klabat Manado 10:45-11:00 Rehabilitation after Discharge from Hospital Indonesia 3. ALH015 Samuel Simajuntak Self-Care Pattern among Mature Woman Universitas Advent Indonesia 11:00-11:15 with Hypertension at Karyawangi Village of Parongpong District of Bandung Regency: A Phenomenological Study

4. ALH016 Kanokwan Nunchai Stress Level in Grade 6 Students at Muak Lek Asia-Pacific International 11:15-11:30 District, Saraburi University, Thailand 5. ALH017 Jacqueline G. Polancos Social Media and Self-Esteem of Filipino Adventist University of the 11:30-11:45 College Students as Mediated by Body Image Philippines

Allied Health: Parallel Session 4 l Graduate School Room 3 Session Chair: Dr. Alvin B. Laguna SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH 018 Ivanna Junamel Relationship between Paritas and Husband’s Universitas Klabat 10:30-10:45 Manoppo Support with Postpartum Blues Events in RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado

2. ALH019 Joyosthie B. Orbe Eidetic Dimensions on the Reasons for Adventist University of the 10:45-11:00 Scholarship Participation Captured from Allied Philippines Health Academic Scholars: A Q Method Research

3. ALH020 Nova Lina Langingi The Relationship of Body Mass Index and Age Universitas Klabat 11:00-11:15 toward Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure 4. ALH021 Janieve Ybañez and Marginal Microleakage Evaluation of Four Adventist University of the 11:15-11:30 Ella Jan Dell Arciaga Temporary Restorative Materials Used as Philippines Double Seal in Endodontics: An In Vitro Study

5. ALH022 Ma. Estrella H. Sales Effect of the Complete Health Improvement Adventist University of the 11:30-11:45 Program on Neutrophil Phagocytic Activity Philippines

30 6th international scholars’ conference 31 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSIONS (1:30-3:30) Allied Health: Parallel Session 5 l CON ROOM 306 Session Chair: Dr. Mary Jane Yap SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH 023 Titin Sulastri Modification of Lacto-Ovo Vegetarian Menu to Universitas Advent Indonesia 1:30-1:45 Increase Body Iron Level 2. ALH024 Lea Andy Shintya The Effect of Green Color Therapy on Anxiety Universitas Klabat Manado 1:45-2:00 Level among Primigravida Mothers in their Indonesia Third Trimester

3. ALH025 Uriel L. Zarsaga A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness Adventist University of the 2:00-2:15 of Commercially Available Denture Cleaners Philippines versus Lemon and Calamansi as Complete Denture Cleaning Agents

4. ALH 026 Intan Pratiwi Effectiveness of Music and Aromateraphy as Sekolah Tinggi Kesehatan 2:15-2:30 an Intervention for Preoperative Anxiety: A Rajawali Systematic Review Universitas Advent Indonesia

Allied Health: Parallel Session 6 l CON ROOM 306 Session Chair: Dr. Angel Grace Bingcang

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH 027 Arvin Laguna Effects of Moderate and High Intensity Adventist University of the 2:30 – 2:45 Exercises on Specific Biomakers of Saliva Philippines 2. ALH028 Marvel Reuben Suwitono New Anti-Inflammatory Agent from Genus Universitas Advent Indonesia 2:45-3:00 artocarpus: A Prediction by Molecular Docking 3. ALH029 Albert Manggading Attenuation of Postprandial Hyperglycemia Universitas Advent Indonesia 3:00-3:15 Hutapea in Healthy Subjects Ingesting Gel of Premna serratifolia L. Leaves Thirty Minutes Prior to Consumption of Glucose

4. ALH030 Kathleen Joyce Estrada Clinical Comparison of Three Manual Adventist University of the 3:15-3:30 Toothbrushes with Different Designs Philippines

Allied Health: Parallel Session 7 l CON ROOM 308 Session Chair: Dr. Michael Joseph Dino SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH031 Kheirn Karren Pajarito The Relationship between Parenting Styles on Adventist University of the 1:30-1:45 Internet Usage among Adolescents Philippines

Deborah Cynthia T. Assessment of Oral Health of the Senior 2. ALH032 Gatchalian Citizens Basis for Oral Health Program Adventist University of the 1:45-2:00 Philippines Ninuk Permata Sari The Hemoglobin and Oxygen Saturation 3. ALH033 Levels of Repair Shop Mechanics Before and Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu 2:00-2:15 After Exposure to Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Kesehatan Rajawali, Jirawan Klommek A Survey of Toddler’s Behaviors Risk for 4. ALH034 Unintentional Injuries at Bangkok Metropolitan Asia-Pacific International 2:15-2:30 Area, Thailand University, Thailand

32 6th international scholars’ conference 33 Master Schedule of Presenters and Session Venues

Allied Health: Parallel Session 8 l CON ROOM 308 Session Chair: Dr. Miriam R. Estrada

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH035 Mandias Reagen The Effect of Back Massage to Blood Pressure Universitas Klabat Manado 2:30-2:45 in Men with Hypertension Indonesia 2. ALH036 Samuel Simanjuntak The Education of Smart School Snacks Universitas Advent Indonesia 2:45-3:00 towards the Ability of Choosing Snacks at Preschool Children in IKI PTPN VII Way Galih Kindergarten, Tanjung Bintang, Propinsi Lampung

3. ALH037 Mary Jane Botabara-Yap Predictors of BMI and WHR among Malaysians Adventist University of the 3:00-3:15 of Different Cultural Background Philippines 4. ALH38 Ruchell Oasan Development of Vegetable Marmalade Using Adventist University of the 3:15-3:30 Okra’s (Abelmoschus esculentus) Mucilage Philippines

Allied Health: Parallel Session 9 l Graduate School Multipurpose Room Session Chair: Dr. Jarurat Sriratanaprapat

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH039 Kiki Ocktarianti Relationship between Implementation of Universitas Advent Indonesia 1:30-1:45 Discharge Planning and Patient Satisfaction among Adult Inpatients

2. ALH040 Dwight Mahaputera Antihyperglycemic Effect Premna serratifolia Universitas Advent Indonesia 1:45-2:00 Marulitua Hutapea L. in Attenuating Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Healthy Subjects When Consumed Simultaneously with Glucose

3. ALH041 Dina D. Galang Adherence to Self-Management among Adventist University of the 2:00-2:15 Diabetics Philippines 4. AH042 Monica Elsyia Effectiveness of Aromateraphy as an Universitas Advent Indonesia 2:15-2:30 Intervention for Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review

Allied Health: Parallel Session 10 l Graduate School Multipurpose Room Session Chair: Dr. Jacqueline Polancos

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. ALH 043 Jarurat Sriratanaprapat Adjustment of First and Second Year Nursing Asia-Pacific International 2:30-2:45 Students, Mission Faculty of Nursing, Asia- University, Thailand Pacific International University

2. ALH044 Beryl Ben C. Mergal The Dengvaxia Issue: Its Influence on Mothers’ Adventist University of the 2:45 – 3:00 Perception on Child Vaccination Philippines 3. ALH045 Andreas Rantepadang The Relationship between Body Mass Index Universitas Klabat Manado 3:00-3:15 (BMI) and Blood Pressure to Patient at Manado Indonesia Adventist Hospital

4. ALH046 Gladys Mae Laborde Development of Power Vegan Cupcake Adventist University of the 3:15 -3:30 Philippines

32 6th international scholars’ conference 33 DAY 2 MORNING SESSIONS (10:00-12:00) Allied Health: Parallel Session 11 l CON ROOM 306 Session Chair: Dr. Albert Manggading Hutapea

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH047 Rona Beth S. Saban Social and Spiritual Determinants of Mental Adventist University of the 10:00-10:15 Health among Persons Deprived of Liberty: A Philippines Basis for Program Development

2. ALH048 Yunus Elon Differences in Blood Pressure of Active Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:15-10:30 Smokers and Non-Smokers Before and After Playing Futsal

3. ALH049 Maria Carmela L. The Self-image of Filipino Nurses Manila Adventist College, 10:30-10:45 Domocmat Philippines 4. ALH050 Evelin Malinti Effect of Warm Compress on Body Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:45-11:00 Temperature of Adult Patients with Fever

Allied Health: Parallel Session 12 l CON ROOM 306 Session Chair: Dr. Maribel Balagtas SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH051 Novita Verayanti Manalu The Role of Nurses on Patient Compliance Universitas Advent Indonesia 11:00-11:15 with Fluid Intake Restrictions during Inter- Hemodialysis

2. ALH052 April Yabut Correlates and Demographic Differences on Adventist University of the 11:15-11:30 Nurses’ Awareness and Preparedness on Philippines Palliative Care to End-of-Life Care Practices: Basis for an Intervention Program

3. ALH053 Jennalyn Dela Cruz Caring Agent for the Call: The Lived University of Perpetual Help 11:30-11:45 Experience of Nurses as Call Center Agents System-Binan, Philippines 4. ALH054 Ailine Yoan Sanger Nursing Student’s Attitude toward Care for the Universitas Klabat Manado 11:45-12:00 Dying Indonesia

Allied Health: Parallel Session 13 l CON ROOM 308 Session Chair: Dr. Jirawan Klommek

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH055 Christine Bayona Development and Evaluation of Instant Cookie Adventist University of the 10:00-10:15 Mix from Banana Peel and Malunggay Philippines 2. ALH056 Nilawati Soputri Four Alternative Therapies to Relieve Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:15-10:30 Dysmenorrhea: Comparison between Dysmenorrhea Excercises, Jogging, Massage, and Music Theraphy

3. ALH057 Evelin Malinti, Body Weight and Blood Pressure of Young Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:30- 10:45 Firdawati Lola Adult Women in Universitas Advent Indonesia 4. ALH058 James J. Watopa Betel Nut Chewing Behavior among Universitas Klabat Manado 10:45- 11:00 Adolescents in Papua Province, Indonesia Indonesia

34 6th international scholars’ conference 35 Master Schedule of Presenters and Session Venues

Allied Health: Parallel Session 14 l CON ROOM 308 Session Chair: Prof. Joyosthie B. Orbe SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH059 Susy Jael Clinical Experiences of Nursing Students: A Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Qualitative Study Philippines 2. ALH060 Worawalun Bunluesup The Result of Stress Management Program Asia-Pacific International 11:15-11:30 in Freshman Nursing Students, Asia-Pacific University, Thailand International University

3. ALH061 Mercy N. Buhia Gender Differences towards Dental Health Adventist University of the 11:30- 11:45 Knowledge, Attitude and Utilization of Dental Philippines Care 4. ALH062 11:45-12:00 Angel Grace F. Bingcang Nursing Students’ Stigma on Mental Hospital Adventist University of the Exposure: A Phenomenological Study Philippines

Allied Health: Parallel Session 15 l Graduate School Multipurpose Room Session Chair: Dr. Nilawati Soputri SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH063 Maria Julita S. J. Predilections of Allied Healthcare Adventist University of the 10:00-10:15 Sibayan Professionals toward an Ideal Philippines Interprofessional Education Program via Conjoint Analysis

2. ALH064 Florida Hondo, Nursing Students’ Satisfaction Towards the Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:15-10:30 Epafroditus Edo Teaching Process by Lectures of Faculty of Nursing Science in Universitas Advent Indonesia

3. ALH065 Kristel Anne M. Rey Social Support Affecting Personal Health Adventist University of the 10:30-10:45 Practices among Nursing Students Philippines 4. ALH066 Lovely G. Sepang Breakfast Eating Habit and Academic Universitas Klabat Manado 10:45-11:00 Achievement among Student Nurses Indonesia

Allied Health: Parallel Session 16 l Graduate School Multipurpose Room Session Chair: Prof. Ma. Julita Sibayan

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH0067 Jirawan Klommek Selected Factors Influencing Self-Perception Asia-Pacific International 11:00-11:15 in English Communication Skills of Nursing University, Thailand Students at Mission Faculty of Nursing, Asia- Pacific International University, Thailand

2. ALH068 Mark B. Samson Experience of Top Performers in the Health Adventist University of the 11:15- 11:30 Sciences Licensure Examination in a Selected Philippines University

3. ALH 069 Lance Erwin Quiles Sense-Making in Thesis Writing: Our Lady of Fatima 11:30:11:45 Understanding the Filipino Graduate Students’ Momentum Enablers

4. ALH070 Miriam R. Estrada Utilization of Jackfruit (Artocarpus Adventist University of the 11:45-12:00 heterophyllus) Seed as a Bread Spread Philippines

34 6th international scholars’ conference 35 DAY 2 AFTERNOON SESSIONS (1:30-3:30)

Allied Health: Parallel Session 17 l Graduate School Multipurpose Room Session Chair: Dr. Alvin Laguna

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. ALH071 Maribel Balagtas Development of a Pennywort (Centella Adventist University of the 1:30-1:45 asiatica) Ice Cream with Passion Fruit Philippines (Passiflora edulis) 2. ALH072 Adventist University of the 1:45-2:00 Ardie Tayongtong Lived Experiences of Senior High School Philippines Students in a Sectarian Institution 3. ALH073 Universitas Advent Indonesia 2:00-2:15 Florida Hondo, The Relationship Between Knowledge and Pola Maulita Behavior of Healthy Clean Living Order of Households In RW 17 Village Cihideung Subdistrict of Parongpong West Bandung Regency 4. ALH074 Adventist University of the 2:15-2:30 Ana Rose Padua Marginal Sealing Property of Temporary Philippines Restorative Materials: A Comparative Study 5. ALH075 Adventist University of the 2:30-2:45 April M. Obon Breastfeeding Experience of Women of High Philippines Socioeconomic Status: A Phenomenological Study

36 6th international scholars’ conference 37 Master Schedule of Presenters and Session Venues

Science, Technology and Engineering DAY 1 MORNING SESSIONS (10:30-12:00) Science, Technology and Engineering: Parallel Session 1 l COB ROOM 16 Session Chair: Dr. Lorcelie B. Taclan SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. EST001 Joe Yuan Mambu An Android based Interactive Jogging Universitas Klabat, Manado, 10:30-10:45 Application: A Prototype Indonesia 2. EST002 Oktoverano Hendrik Android-Based Information Searching: The Universitas Klabat, Manado, 10:45-11:00 Lengkong Manado City Government Case Indonesia

3. EST003 Winelfred Pasamba Artificial Intelligence at AUP Online Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Information System (AOLIS) Philippines 4. EST004 Green Ferry Mandias Analysis of Borrowing Patterns at Universitas Universitas Klabat, Manado, 11:15-11:30 Klabat Library Using the Apriori Algorithm Indonesia 5. EST005 Elmer P. Joaquin Design and Development of a License Plate Adventist University of the 11:30-11:45 System for Adventist University of the Philippines Philippines

Science, Technology and Engineering: Parallel Session 2 l COB ROOM 24 Session Chair: Dr. Norma D. Flores SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. EST006 Leilani D. Arce Taxonomical and Palynological Study of Adventist University of the 10:30-10:45 Pteridophytes (Ferns) Along Adventist Philippines University of the Philippines Creek

2. EST007 Anthoney Swamy Soap Production Using Locally Available Asia-Pacific International 10:45-11:00 Thangiah Alkaline Extract from Millet Stalks: A Study on University Chemical and Physical Properties of Soap

3. EST008 Challis K. Pulotu Food Resources of the Paradisaea raggiana Pacific Adventist University 11:00-11:15 along Tropical Forest Corridors within Savannah Landscape

4. EST009 Myrnille Joy Z. Galang In Vitro Alpha-Amylase Inhibition by Pagaris Adventist University of the 1:15-11:30 (Eleusine Indica (L.) Gaertn) Extract and its Philippines Fractions

5. EST010 Rex S. Langngag and Performance of Kalinga’s Heirloom Rice Isabela State University 11:30-11:45 Samuel R. Simon Cultivars under Different Levels of Organic Fertilizer

36 6th international scholars’ conference 37 Science, Technology and Engineering: Parallel Session 3 l COB ROOM 25 Session Chair: Dr. Joshua H.L Tobing SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. EST011 Jemmarie G. Suetos and Evaluation of Different Rice Varieties under Isabela State University 10:30-10:45 Samuel R. Simon Different Methods of Establishment in Cagayan Province

2. EST012 Kamolnan Growth of Fungi on Coating Materials Applied Asia-Pacific International 10:45-11:00 Taweeyanyongkul to Glass Container Surfaces University 3. EST013 Orlex B. Yllano Specialized Feed Induced Growth, Nuchal Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Hump Development and Histological Changes Philippines in Flowerhorn (Cichlosoma citrinella)

4. EST014 Ratna Noah A Comparative Study of Plant Growth Using Asia-Pacific International 11:15-11:30 Cow Dung Manure and No Manure University 5. EST015 Marc Philip R. Ocoma Antimicrobial Effects of Camellia sinensis Adventist University of the 11:30-11:45 Urine Metabolites against Uropathogenic E. Philippines coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumonia

DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSIONS (1:30-3:30) Science, Technology and Engineering: Parallel Session 4 l COB ROOM 16 Session Chair: Dr. Edwin A. Balila SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. EST016 Jackson Niyorugira Bioinformatics and Internet: A New research Central Luzon State 1:30-1:45 Sebigunda Method to Disciplines and Information University, Ilocos Technology

2. EST017 Andi Pujo Rahadi Using Vector and Conventional Approach in Universitas Advent Indonesia 1:45 2:00 Calculating Distance in a Three Dimensional Solid: An Experimental Study

3. EST018 Edwin Julius Solaiman Solution Approach of Linear Equations without Universitas Advent Indonesia 2:00-2:15 Fractional Systems by Using Modification Method Gauss – Jordan for 3 Variables and 3 Equations

4. EST 019 Abraham P. Racca An Iterative Process Applied to Equilateral Adventist University of the 2:15-2:30 Triangles Resulting to the Identity Philippines 1/3+1/9+1/27+...=1/2.

Science, Technology and Engineering: Parallel Session 5 l COB ROOM 16 Session Chair: Dr. Orlex B. Yllano SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. EST020 Rut Normasari An Inventory of Insect Visiting the flower of Universitas Klabat, Manado, 2:30-2:45 Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Indonesia 2. EST021 Ferdinand E. Mendoza Anti-Ova Activity of Momordica charantia Adventist University of the 2:45-3:00 Seeds Against Ascaris lumbricoides Philippines 3. EST022 Yongyuth Puriboriboon Risk of Pesticides Residues in Vegetarian Asia-Pacific International 3:00-3:15 Population in Muak Lek District, Saraburi University Province

4. EST023 Dexter F. Pajarito Comparative Determination of Total Phenolic Adventist University of the 3:15-3:30 Content and Flavonoid Content of Hanopol Philippines (Poikilospermum suaveolens) Using Water and Aqueous Ethanol as Extracting Solvents

38 6th international scholars’ conference 39 Master Schedule of Presenters and Session Venues

DAY 2 MORNING SESSIONS (10:00-12:00) Science, Technology and Engineering: Parallel Session 6 l COB ROOM 16 Session Chair: Dr. Orlex B. Yllano SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. EST024 Giovanni Mercado Colorful Chemistry Demonstrations Using Adventist University of the 10:00-10:15 Plant Dyes and Natural Solvents Philippines 2. EST025 Doli Situmeang Effects of Hormones in Media Subculture Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:15-10:30 Shoots to the Height of Plantlet Paprika (Capsicum Annum Var Grossum L.) In Vitro

3. EST026 Yanna Yvonne C. Comparison of the Anticoagulant Property of Adventist University of the 10:30-10:45 Macayan Freshly-Collected and Powderized Latex of the Philippines Unripe Fruit of Carica Papaya

4. EST027 Joshua H.L. Tobing Plant Growth Regulators and Tubers as Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:45-11:00 Meduim for the Growth Rate of White Oyster Mushrooms

Science, Technology and Engineering: Parallel Session 7 l COB ROOM 16 Session Chair: Dr. Vicky C. Mergal SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. EST028 Mary Cyrin Victoria C. Anticoagulant Activity of Amaranthus viridis Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Defino Philippines 2. EST029 Ferdinand A. Esplana Life Cycle of Tussock Moth (Lymantria Adventist University of the 11:15-11:30 Curvifera) and the Phytochemical Analysis Philippines of the Host Plant, Talisay Tree (Terminalia Catappa)

3. EST030 Ciriaco T. Ragual Acceptability of New Patterns and Designs Mariano Marcos State 11:30-11:45 for Loom Woven Cloth in Paoay, Ilocos Norte, University Philippines

Science, Technology and Engineering: Parallel Session 8 l COB ROOM 24 Session Chair: Dr. Anthoney Swamy Thangiah SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION 1. EST031 Jane Rodriguez Phytochemical Composition and Adventist University of the 10:00-10:15 Antifungal Efficacy of Phaleria Macrocarpa Philippines (MahkotaDewaFruit Extract against Candida Albicans

2. EST032 Lorcelie B. Taclan Dehumidification Efficacy of the Authomated Adventist University of the 10:15-10:30 Multi-Commodity Heat Pump Dryer (AMCHPD) Philippines 3. EST033 Jacquline Morlav S. Prototype of Gas Detector with IoT Platform Universitas Klabat 10:30-10:45 Waworundeng for Notification and Monitoring System 4. EST034 Naomi A. Ubina and Development of ISU Flip Board as an Online Isabela State University, 10:45-11:00 Alvin Marayag Collaborative Tool for Teaching and Learning Cabagan, Isabela

38 6th international scholars’ conference 39 Theology DAY 1 MORNING SESSIONS (10:30-12:00) Theology: Parallel Session 1 l THEOLOGY ROOM 3 Session Chair: Dr. Rico T. Javien

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. TH001 Houtman Elysha Sinaga Spiritual Gifts and Servant Leadership on the Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:30-10:45 Growth of Small Group Ministries in Selected Places in Indonesia as Basis for Program Development

2. TH002 Budi Harwanto Transformational Leadership and Church Universitas Klabat, Manado, 10:45-11:00 Ministry Effectiveness: A Predictive Study at Indonesia Selected Adventist Churches in Indonesia

3. TH003 Andresito P. Fernando Suffering Motif in the Epistle to the Hebrews Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Philippines

4. TH004 Good Meet and Milton Theological View of “Marching Band Prayer” Universitas Advent Indonesia 11:15-11:30 Pardosi as Part of Evangelistic Project 5. TH005 Youssry Guirguis Biblical Principles on Responsible Parenthood Asia-Pacific International 11:30-11:45 in a World Challenged by Uncertainty University

DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSIONS (1:30-3:30) Theology: Parallel Session 2 l THEOLOGY ROOM 3 Session Chair: Dr. Julio Amurao SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. TH006 Gabby Jed C. Galgao Text Mining Analysis of the Conflict of the Asia-Pacific International 1:30-1:45 Ages Series University 2. TH007 Nestor C. Rilloma The Imperative of Biblical Languages in Manila Adventist College 1:45-2:00 Adventist Theological Education: Importance and Implications

3. TH008 Petronio M. Genebago Inner-Biblical Allusion of the Day of the Lord in Adventist University of the 2:00-2:15 Malachi 1:2-5 and its Thematic Function Philippines

4. Th009 Ismael P. Cabason Which Law Serves for the Christians as Adventist University of the 2:15-2:30 “Tutor” to Christ? Philippines

Theology: Parallel Session 3 l THEOLOGY ROOM 3 Session Chair: Dr. Julio Amurao

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. TH010 Julio T. Amurao A Biblical Study of 1 Timothy 4:1, 2 on Unclean Adventist University of the 2:30:2:45 Food Philippines 2. TH011 Salvador Molina Impact of the College of Theology Bible Adventist University of the 2:45-3:00 Teachings to the Graduates of the Adventist Philippines University of the Philippines 3. TH012 3:00-3:15 Rico T. Javien The “Immanuel” of Isaiah 7:14: Immediate Adventist University of the Single Fulfillment or Distance Dual Future Philippines Messianic Prophecy?

40 6th international scholars’ conference 41 Master Schedule of Presenters and Session Venues

DAY 2 MORNING SESSIONS (10:00-12:00) Theology: Parallel Session 4 l THEOLOGY ROOM 3 Session Chair: Dr. Salvador Molina

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. TH014 Suryanica Aristas Relationship between the Doctrines of Trinity Universitas Klabat, Manado, 10:00-10:15 Pasuhuk and Humanity from the Theological Viewpoints Indonesia 2. TH015 Isaac Immanuel Sinaga Al Jumu’ah and the Sabbath: A comparative Philippine Christian 10:15- 10:30 Study of the Day of Worship and the Day of University Congregation

3. TH016 Exson Eduaman Pane A Study on the Understanding of the Law and Philippine Christian 10:30-10-45 Sabbath in the Views of Martin Luther University, Manila 4. TH017 Donny Chrissutianto Developing Understanding about the Reality of Adventist International 10:45-11:00 Heavenly throughout Centuries: An Adventist Institute of Advanced Studies Perspective

Theology: Parallel Session 5 l THEOLOGY ROOM 2 Session Chair: Dr. Nestor Rilloma

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. TH018 Yoanes Sinaga Mission Theology of Worship: A Framework Adventist International 11:00-11:15 in Reaching the Postmodern Generation in Institute of Advanced Studies Jakarta, Indonesia

2. TH019 Yosep Surahman Theological Analysis of the Use of Clothes for Universitas Advent Indonesia 11:15-11:30 Situmeang Women in the Church Based on 1 Timothy 2: 9-10

3. TH020 Blasius Abin Biblical Perspective on Dinosaurs in Universitas Klabat, Manado, 11:30-11:45 Comparison to Traditional Paradigm Indonesia 4. TH 021 Yoanes Sinaga Shared Leadership and Bataknese Culture: Its Adventist International 11:45-12:00 Prospects and Implementations Institute of Advanced Studies

40 6th international scholars’ conference 41 Business and Governance DAY 1 MORNING SESSIONS (10:30-12:00) Business and Governance: Parallel Session 1 l COB 11 Session Chair: Dr. Glenda Joy B. Lopez

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG001 Victor T. C. Sinaga The Effect of Street Vendors’ Efforts on the Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:30-10:45 Improvement of Financial Performance 2. BG002 Subin Putsom The Difference Ability of Accounting and Asia-Pacific International 10:45-11:00 Sairung Rutaikarn Financial Skill: The Empirical Evidences of University, Thailand Dairy Farmers in Saraburi Province, Thailand

3. BG003 Noah Anburaj Balraj Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior’s Asia-Pacific International 11:00-11:15 Usage of ATM/Debit Card University, Thailand 4. BG004 Deske W. Mandagi Measuring Value Relevance of Corporate Virata School of Business, 11:15-11:30 Environmental Performance in Indonesia University of the Philippines 5. BG005 T. Ryan Keough Managing Organizational Structure for Asia Pacific International 11:30-11:45 University Advancement: An Assessment at University, Thailand Asia-Pacific International University Universitas Advent Indonesia

6. BG006 Francis Hutabarat Footwear Trade Industry: An Analysis of Adventist International 11:45-12:00 Export Strategy Based on Indonesia Main Institute of Advanced Studies Export Destination

Business and Governance: Parallel Session 2 l COB 15 Session Chair: Dr. Reuel B. Narbarte

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG007 Vanessa Febriana & The Relationship between Capital Adequacy Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:30-10:45 Francis Hutabarat Ratio and Loan to Deposit Ratio Towards Return on Asset of Banks Listed at Infobank15 of Indonesian Stock Exchange

2. BG008 Tonny I. Soewignyo Analysis of Financial Performance to Firm Universitas Klabat, Manado, 10:45-11:00 Value of Banks in Indonesia Indonesia 3. BG009 Marilyn P. Tampes Marketability of KinCat Taro Chips of Batangas Batangas Statu Univeristy- 11:00-11:15 State University ARASOF-Nasugbu ARASOF, Philippines 4. BG010 Judith T. G. Sinaga The Effect of Firm Size on Audit Fee: An Universitas Advent Indonesia 11:15-11:30 Empirical Study on State-Owned Corporations (SOCs) in Indonesia (2011 – 2016)

5. BG011 Leila T. Bayot Coping Strategies of Beach Resorts in Batangas State Universit 11:30-11:45 Nasugbu, Batangas during Lean Season ARASOF-Nasugbu 6. BG012 Prince Mbokani and The Impact of Financial Pressures on Foreign Adventist University of the 11:45-12:00 Lenny Simatupang Students’ Learning Motivation Philippines

42 6th international scholars’ conference 43 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSIONS (1:30-3:30) Business and Governance: Parallel Session 3 l COB 11 Session Chair: Dr. Miriam P. Narbarte

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG013 Georges Mumbere Predictors of Knowledge Management Adventist International 1:30-1:45 Kisumano Effectiveness in Healthcare Organizations in Institute of Advanced Studies Butembo, Democratic Republic of Congo

2. BG014 Williams Kwasi Peprah International Students’ Satisfaction of ISO Adventist University of the 1:45-2:00 9001 Certified Education: A Basis for a Philippines. Prevetive and Corrective Program , Ghana

3. BG015 Ma. Teresa Impact of Psychological Contract to Motivation Batangas State University- 2:00-2:15 Dimaala-Calma of Permanent Faculty Members at Batangas ARASOF State University ARASOF-Nasugbu Adventist University of the 4. BG016 Reuel E. Narbarte Impuses of Employees in Perpetuating Fraud Philippines 2:15-2:30

Business and Governance: Parallel Session 4 l COB 11 Session Chair: Dr. Stanley Nangoy

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG017 Damrong The Relationship between Perceived Asia-Pacific International 2:30-2:45 Sattayawaksakool Organizational Support and Organizational University, Thailand Climate to Well-being as Mediated by Job Satisfaction in Not-for-profit Organization

2. BG018 Lenda Mambo Microsoft Office Competencies Required of Universitas Klabat, Manado, 2:45-3:00 Secretaries in Postmodern Automated Offices: Indonesia A Comparative Analysis of Classroom and Actual Office Practices

3. BG019 Robert A. Borromeo Mediation Effects of Financial Satisfaction on Adventist University of the 3:00-3:15 the Relationship between Work-Life balance Philippines and Job Satisfaction

4. BG020 Harman Malau, Juve Tan The Influence of the Service Quality toward the Universitas Advent Indonesia 3:15-3:30 Customer Interest at the Hospital

Business and Governance: Parallel Session 5 l COB 15 Session Chair: Dr. Francis Hutabarat SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG021 Jose P. Salera Exploratory Factor Analysis of Political Adventist University of the 1:30-1:45 Engagement Questionnaire: A College Philippines Students’ Perspectives

2. BG022 Sorawit Chaiphisit Employee’s Perception of Effectiveness of Asia-Pacific International 1:45-2:00 Motivation Programs for Regular Workers of University, Thailand Asia-Pacific International University

3. BG023 Rouna Paoki Records Management: A Case Study in Universitas KLABAT, 2:00-2:15 Business Office of Universitas Klabat Indonesia 4. BG024 Thitaree Sirikulpat Conflict Management Practices of Seventh-day Asia Pacific International 2:15-2:30 Adventist Church Members at the Workplace University, Thailand in Thailand

42 6th international scholars’ conference 43 Business and Governance: Parallel Session 6 l COB 15 Session Chair: Dr. Harman Malau

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG025 Fanny Soewignyo Profitability and Market Performance of Listed Universitas Klabat Indonesia 2:30-2:45 Banks in Indonesia 2. BG026 Erwin A. Caparas Development and Validation of Dynamic Batangas State University 2:45-3:00 Cost-Averaging Model Using Relative Strength ARASOF- Nasugbu Index and Stochastic

3. BG027 Noah Anburaj Balraj Managing Management Boundaries of Asia-Pacific International 3:00-3:15 Creativity and Design University 4. BG028 Sherilyn B. De Leon Psychological Contract Breach and Batangas State University- 3:15-3:30- -Macaraig Performance of Faculty Members of BatStateU: ARASOF Input to Faculty Development Program

DAY 2 MORNING SESSIONS (10:00-12:00) Business and Governance: Parallel Session 7 l COB 11 Session Chair: Dr. Noah Anburaj Balraj

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG029 Armando Soriano Capability and Quality of Products In Relation Bell Electronics Corp., 10:00-10:15 to Sustainability: A Model for a Sustainable Philippines Subcontract Electronics Manufacturing Companies

2. BG 030 Stanley S. Nangoy Indonesia through the Lens of World Universitas Klabat, Manado, 10:15-10:30 Economic Forum: Global Competitive Index Indonesia Analysis 2008/09-2016/17

3. BG031 Maropen R. Simbolon Income Smoothing Behavior: A Study of Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:30-10:45 Companies Listed at Food and Beverage Sector Companies at Indonesian Stock Exchange

4. BG032 Romulo Sinabutar The influence of Transformational Leadership Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:45-11:00 and Transactional Leadership on Management Decision Making at Perguruan Adevent Bandung and Perguruan Advent Cinmindi

Business and Governance: Parallel Session 8 l COB 11 Session Chair: : Dr. Robert A. Borromeo

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG033 Miriam P. Narbarte Internationalization in Higher Education Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Institutions in the Asian Countries: Towards a Philippines Framework

2. BG034 Ate Gueen Lasni Roha The Big Five Personality Traits and Marketing Universitas Klabat Indonesia, 11:15-11:30 Simanungkalit Mix of Universitas Klabat as Perceived by Thailand Students

3. BG035 Marithel J. Tiangco Employee Empowerment and Job Performance Batangas State University 11:30-11:45 in the Resort Industry in Nasugbu, Batangas ARASOF-Nasugbu, Batangas 4. BG036 Fryddy Djoko Siono The Influence of Leadership on Organizational Universitas Klabat,, Manado, 11:45-12:00 Behavior of Citizenship, Satisfaction and Work Indonesia Commitment to SDA Employees and Workers in the North Minahasa and Bitung Mission.

44 6th international scholars’ conference 45 Master Schedule of Presenters and Session Venues

Business and Governance: Parallel Session 9 l COB 15 Session Chair: : Dr. Marta B. Macalalad

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG037 Julieta de Castro Guest’s Assessment on Safety and Security Batangas State Univeristy- 10:00-10:15 Measures of Beach resorts in Nasugbu, ARASOF Batangas

2. BG038 Hartiny Pop Koapaha Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior in Universitas Klabat, Manado, 10:15-10:30 Purchasing Honda Motorcycle Indonesia 3. BG039 Michael M. Orozco Graduate Tracer Study: A Web-Based University of Perpetual Help 10:30-10:45 Repository of Computer Studies Alumni with System-Binan, Philiipines Employment Data Analytics

4. BG040 Nelda Atibagos Nacion Estimating the Number of Poor Households 10:45-11:00 in the Municipalities of Cavite: A Small Area -Dasmarinas Estimation Approach

Business and Governance: Parallel Session 10 l COB 15 Session Chair: Prof. Deske W. Mandagi

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG041 Lualhati P. Sausa Self-Esteem, Study Habits, and Academic Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Performance of Business College Students Philippines 2. BG042 Indrajit Taliwongso Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) Universitas Klabat, Manado 11:15-11:30 Comparison on Local Minimarket versus Indonesia national Brand Minimarket

3. BG 43 Glenda Joy Lopez Testing the Moderating Effect of Sex, Age, Adventist University of the 11:30-11:45 and Job Classification on Work Life Balance Philippines and Job Satisfaction of Higher Education Institution Workers

4. BG044 Allan Noel G. Tiangco Job Satisfaction and Organizational Batangas State University- 11:45-12:00 Commitment among Private School teachers ARASOF in Nasugbu, Batangas: Basis for Improving Teachers’ Retention

44 6th international scholars’ conference 45 DAY 2 AFTERNOON SESSIONS (1:30-3:30) Business and Governance: Parallel Session 11 l COB 11 Session Chair: Dr. Reuben Carpizo

SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. BG045 Leomar Miano Job and Life Satisfaction of Teaching Southern Luzon State 1:30-1:45 Personnel in a State University in Quezon University, Lucban, Quezon Province

2. BG046 Cherry D. Abeleda Competency Requirements of Tourism Batangas State University 1:45-2:00 Employees in Selected Establishments in ARASOF-Nasugbu Tourism Travel Distribution Sector, Airline Sector and Accommodation Sector

3. BG048 Meidy Lieke Karundeng Determinants of Employee Performance at the Universitas Advent Indonesia 2:00-2:15 Bandar Lampung Adventist Hospital 4. BG049 Shirley Lascuna Involvement in Mission, Ministry and Adventist University of the 2:15 – 2:30 Community Service among Employees of Philippines Higher Education Institution Universitas Klabat Indonesia, 5. BG050 Ernest Matindas The Effect of Brand Image and Product Quality Thailand 2:30-2:45 on Purchase Decision Adventist University of the 6. BG051 Marta B. Macalalad Customer Service Satisfaction of Frontliners in Philippines 2:45-3:00 a University in Cavite 1. BG049 Shirley Lascuna Involvement in Mission, Ministry and Adventist University of the 2:15 – 2:30 Community Service among Employees of Philippines Higher Education Institution Universitas Klabat Indonesia, 2. BG050 Ernest Matindas The Effect of Brand Image and Product Quality Thailand 2:30-2:45 on Purchase Decision 3. BG051 Marta B. Macalalad Customer Service Satisfaction of Frontliners in Adventist University of the 2:45-3:00 a University in Cavite Philippines

46 6th international scholars’ conference 47 Master Schedule of Presenters and Session Venues

Arts and Humanities DAY 1 MORNING SESSIONS (10:30-12:00) Arts and Humanities: Parallel Session 1 l Education Ground Floor 2 Session Chair: : Dr. Jezamine De Leon SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. AH001 Lowena De Ocampo Workplace Bullying and Stress among Office Adventist University of the 10:30-10:45 Professional Philippines 2. AH002 Nicolas Chrissutianto Sleeping Habits of Teenagers in a Multi- Adventist International 10:45-11:00 Cultural Community: A Case Study Institute for Advanced Studies

3. AH003 Mylene S. Gumarao Lived Experiences of an Only Child Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Philippines 4. AH005 Janet Nyaboke Exploring the Causes and Psychological Adventist University of the 11:15-11:30 Odhiambo Consequences of Teen Pregnancy Philippines

5. AH006 Edmund Acquioben Reanalysis of the Historical Existence of the Adventist University of the 11:30:11:45 Remontado Dumagats in Sierra Madre Philippines

Arts and Humanities: Parallel Session 2 l Education Room 103 Session Chair: Dr. Florvilla Marticio SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. AH007 Genfil Villahermosa Students Perception on the Characteristics of Adventist University of the 10:30-10:45 News and Social Media as News Medium Philippines 2. AH008 Julie Joy R. Lacificar Smartphone Usage and Academic Central Philippine Adventist 10:45-11:00 Performance of College Students College 3. AH009 Belle C. Manlapig Psychological Preparedness of Grade 11 Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Students towards Success in Senior High Philippines School

4. AH010 Mangadar Simbolon, The Study of Gadget Addiction among Universitas Advent Indonesia 11:15-11:30 Stephanie Bethania University Students Pearly Simbolon 5. AH011 Romeo M. Barrios Relationship of Instant Messaging to the Adventist University of the 11:30-11:45 Face-to-Face Communication and Social Philippines Relationship of College Students 6. AH012 11:45:12:00 Myrtle C. Orbon Psychological Experiences of an Individual Adventist University of the with Bipolar Disorder: A Case Study Philippines

46 6th international scholars’ conference 47 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSIONS (1:30-3:30) Arts and Humanities: Parallel Session 3 l Education Ground Floor 2 Session Chair: Dr. Michael Naidas SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. AH013 Almira Cervantes and Lived Experiences of Guidance Facilitators Adventist University of the 1:30-1:45 Flor Villa Marticio Who Take the Role of Guidance Counselors in Philippines the Philippines

2. AH014 Zussette C. Aplaon Determinants of Satisfaction with Life among Mindoro State College of 1:45-2:00 Mathematics Teachers Agriculture and Technology, Philippines

3. AH015 Leomar S. Galicia Personality Type, Organizational Commitment University of Perpetual Help 2:00-2:15 and Collaborative Alliance among University System-Binan, Philippines of Perpetual Help System Laguna (UPHSL) Academic Personnel

4. AH 016 Ester J. E. W. Ndruru, A Comparison Study between Peer Feedback Universitas Advent Indonesia 2:15-2:30 Nelson Panjaitan Technique and Group Feedback Technique in Improving Students’ Writing Achievement in Writing Recount Text

Arts and Humanities: Parallel Session 4 l Education Ground Floor 2 Session Chair: Dr. Mylene S. Gumarao SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. AH 017 Jezamine De Leon Perceived Local Government Unit (LGU) Philippines National Police 2:30- 2:45 Entrepreneurial Training Program Among Academy (PNPA) Typhoon Yolanda Survivors: Basis for an Action Plan

2. AH018 Eric Jeff Pajarito Family Communication and Reproductive Adventist University of the 2:45-3:00 Health Conversations among Seventh-day Philippines Adventist

3. ALH019 Jebamani Anthoney A Powerful Patriarchal Ideology: Women Asia-Pacific International 3:00-3:15 Challenge Dominant Fathers in Selected University, Thailand Shakespearean Plays

4. AH020 Hyreizl Love Tangonan, A Filipino Painter’s Perspective of Filipino Adventist University of the 3:15-3:30 John Merick Eupalao, Identity: What Makes Philippine Contemporary Philippines Charlton Selda Paintings Truly Filipino

48 6th international scholars’ conference 49 Master Schedule of Presenters and Session Venues

DAY 2 MORNING SESSIONS (10:00-12:00) Arts and Humanities: Parallel Session 5 l Education Room 103 Session Chair: Dr. Helen Edwards SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. AH021 Jeruel B. Ibañez Traditional Kaingin (Deforestation) Practices: Adventist University of the 10:00-10:15 The Case of Daraitan Dumagats Philippines 2. ALH022 Araceli C. Corpuz Disaster Risk management Practices and University of Perpetual Help 10:15- 10:30 Readiness for Disasters among Selected System-Binan, Philippines Schools in Biñan City, Laguna

3. AH023 Michael S. Naidas A Postcolonial Reading of Merlinda Bobis’ Fish Adventist University of the 10:30-10-45 Hair Woman Philippines 4. AH024 Josephine E. Katenga One Purpose, Multiple Realities: Parental Asia-Pacific International 10:45-11:00 Involvement in Two Private Secondary Schools University, Thailand in Malawi

Arts and Humanities: Parallel Session 6 l Education Room 103 Session Chair: Dr. Jesse Soncayawon SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. AH025 Ann Galeon Anolin Using Semiotics in the Analysis of Mixed Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Media Art Philippines 2. AH026 Anne Lou M. Hendriks Songs and Spiritual Life: A Phenomenological Universitas Advent Indonesia 11:15-11:30 Study

3. AH027 Nerilyn Beratio and Managing Loneliness through Music Adventist University of the 11:30 -11:45 Khristine Ruth F. de Female Student Girl Dormitory Satisfaction Philippines Gracia 4. AH028 Mangadar Simbolon Assessment of Universitas Advent Indonesia Universitas Advent Indonesia 11:45-12:00 (UNAI) 2017-2018

48 6th international scholars’ conference 49 Education DAY 1 MORNING SESSIONS (10:30-12:00) Education: Parallel Session 1 l Education Room 101 Session Chair: Dr. Jimmy Kijai SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU001 Nimrod S. Salazar Board Competency and Governance Adventist University of the 10:30-10:45 Responsibilities of Selected Higher Education Philippines Institutions: Basis for Board Development Program

2. EDU002 Alma D. Ochoco Motivational Antecedents Influencing Seventh- Cavite State University 10:45-11:00 Day Adventist Teachers in Public Schools to Implement Integration of Faith and Learning (IFL) in Learner-Centered Teaching Asia-Pacific International 3. EDU003 Reymand Hutabarat, Factor Analysis of Student’s Satisfaction on University, Thailand 11:00-11:15 Franklin Hutabarat Academic Courses of Southern Asia Pacific Division Higher Education Institutions Adventist University of the 4. EDU004 Sheryll Ann Castillo Personal and School Factors, and the Philippines 11:15-11:30 Mediating Role of School Engagement as Determinants of Student Leadership Skill: A Structural Equation Model Adventist University of the 5. EDU005 Leonardo B. Dorado Industry Required Competencies as Predictors Philippines 11:30-11:45 of Graduates Employability North Luzon Adventist 6. EDU006 Marvin Nonoy B. Campit Leadership and Personality Correlates of College 11:45-12:00 School Head Performance in the Seventh-day Adventist Church Northern Luzon Mission

Education: Parallel Session 2 l Education Room 102 Session Chair: Dr. Jeremiah Fameronag SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU007 Gracel Ann S. Saban Best Practices of a High-Achieving Teacher Adventist University of the 10:0-10:45 Education Institute in Asia Philippines 2. EDU008 Ranjith Kingston Synergy of United Nations Sustainable Adventist International 10:45-11:00 Gladstone Development Goal of Education and Institute of Advanced Studies, Transformative Learning: Theory to Act ion Philippines

3. EDU009 Elmie Lynn V. Lagajino Discrepancy Evaluation of Track Choices and Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 School Resources for Senior High School Philippines Curriculum Enhancement

4. EDU010 Ivy Tarun Effectiveness of ISU Flipboard as an Online Isabela State University 11:15-11:30 Collaboration Tool for Teaching and Learning 5. EDU011 Yunus Elon College Students as Choir Members versus Universitas Advent Indonesia 11:30-11:45 Not Choir Members in Their Academic Achievements Level

6. EDU012 Ardelma V. Sarmiento Students’ Experience during Their Stay at the Adventist University of the 11:45-12:00 University Academy: Result from Exit Survey Philippines

50 6th international scholars’ conference 51 DAY 1 AFTERNOON SESSIONS (10:00-12:00) Education: Parallel Session 3 l Education Room 101 Session Chair: Dr. Leonardo B. Dorado SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU013 Carol Linda Kingston Second Language Acquisition Research Adventist International 1:30-1:45 Findings from Theory to Action Institute of Advanced Studies, Philippines

2. EDU014 Albinur Limbong, The Correlation between Talent and Academic Universitas Advent Indonesia 1:45-2:00 Horasdia Saragih Achievement of UNAI Students Batch 2016 3. EDU015 Cecilia Ronia, Children’s Learning through Play: Adventist University of the 2:00-2:15 Marieta Pagaduan Perspectives and Practices of Public School Philippines Early Childhood Educators

4. AH016 Romulo Sinabutar Influence of Parent’s Role, Teacher Universitas Klabat, Manado, 2:15-2:30 Commitments and Community Involvement Indonesia to Character Building of Early Childhood of Adventist Kindergarten in Jakarta Conference

Education: Parallel Session 4 l Education Room 101 Session Chair: Dr. Eunice M. Aclan SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. AH017 Elias Rafael L. Decena Motivation, Frequency of Usage and Level of University of Perpetual Help 2:30-2:45 Confidence in Using Philippine English among System-Binan, Philippines Foreign Students

2. EDU018 Phanommas International Cooperative Education and Mahapajapati Buddhist 2:45- 3:00 Bamrungsin Career Path Preparation Program for College, Thailand Undergraduate Students

3. EDU 019 Kitasha Jingru Li Correlation between Students Perceived Asia-Pacific International 3:00-3:15 Creativity and Academic Achievement in University, Thailand International High Schools in Thailand

4. EDU 020 Oliveth H. Tolentino Curricular Practices of Selected Tertiary Adventist University of the 3:15-3:30 Private-Sectarian Institutions Philippines

Education: Parallel Session 5 l Education Room 102 Session Chair: Dr. Gracel Ann S. Saban SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU021 Levy M. Fajanilan Integrating Classroom Music: Its Effects in the Adventist University of the 1:30-1:45 Development of Spatial Skills of Kindergarten Philippines Pupils

2. EDU022 Carol Linda Kingston Experiences of Second Language Learners Adventist International 1:45-2:00 of Learning Strategies into Practice: A Institute of Advanced Studies, Phenomenological Study Philippines

3. EDU023 Yenni Christina Attitude towards English, Speech Anxiety and Adventist International 2:00-2:15 Academic Achievement among Elementary Institute of Advanced Studies, Pupils: Basis for Enriched Language Philippines Communication Program

4. EDU 024 Nerissa S. Batulayan Collaborative Learning Technology from the Adventist University of the 2:15-2:30 Perspectives of the Millennials Philippines

50 6th international scholars’ conference 51 Education: Parallel Session 6 l Education Room 102 Session Chair: Dr. Rufina F. Francisco SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU025 Karlton Keller and Student Response to Use of Reading Assistant Asia-Pacific International 2:30-2:45 Wendy Keough Software for English Language Learners in University, Thailand Thailand

2. EDU026 Jeremiah C. Fameronag Out-of-field Teaching of English Major Adventist University of the 2:45-3:00 Education Graduates: A Phenomenological Philippines Study

3. EDU027 Lely Sualang Relationship of students’ Engagement and Universitas Klabat, Manado, 3:00- 3:15 Motivation in English Achievement Indonesia

4. EDUC 028 Mark Vernon Saban Service Learning Exposure in National Service Adventist University of the 3:15-3:30 Training Program: Implications to Civic Philippines Consciousness

DAY 2 MORNING SESSIONS (10:00-12:00) Education: Parallel Session 7 l Education Room 101 Session Chair: Dr. Sheryll Ann M. Castillo SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU029 Ranjith Kingston Mathematics—Experience of Nightmare to Adventist International 10:00-10:15 Gladstone and Pleasure using Universal Design for Learning Institute of Advanced Studies, Jed Ferrancullo Philippines 2. EDU030 Nora Susilowaty The Effect of Core Learning Models with Universitas Advent Indonesia 10:15- 10:30 Nainggolan Cognitive-Conflict Strategy towards the Mathematics Problem Solving and Anxiety of SMP Students

3. EDU031 Ma. Melissa Lynne Ada Face-to-Face Driver Model: Effects on the De La Salle University- 10:30-10:45 Ladisla Academic Performance and Attitude towards Dasmarinas Mathematics of 4th Grade Learners

4. EDU032 Amada C. Yllano The Effects of Multimedia-Based Instruction on Adventist University of the 10:45-11:00 Students’ Achievement and Attitude towards Philippines Plane Geometry

Education: Parallel Session 8 l Education Room 101 Session Chair: Prof. Teofilo C. Esguerra SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU033 April Ann T. Peña Social Support, School Related Behaviors, and De La Salle University- 11:00- 11:15 Mathematics Academic Performance of STEM Dasmarinas & Far East Students College Silang, Inc.

2. EDU034 Josephine Manapsal Exploring Lavender Aromatherapy in Reducing Francisco Osorio National 11:15-11:30 Math Anxiety to Improve Test Scores in High School-DepEd Cavite Solving Math Problems

3. EDU035 Petrus Kondo Differences in the Learning Anxieties Affecting Universitas Klabat, Manado, 11:30- 11:45 EFL English Major Students at Universitas Indonesia Klabat

4. EDU036 Nakhon Kitjaroonchai Enhancing Thai EFL University Students’ Asia-Pacific International 11:45-11:12 and Tantip Kitjaroonchai English Translation Skills through University, Thailand Collaborative Translation

52 6th international scholars’ conference 53 Education: Parallel Session 9 l Education Ground Floor 2 Session Chair: Dr. Edwin A. Balila SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU037 Alvin Tenorio Assessment Practices in Mathematics at the Capiz State University 10:00-10:15 College of Education, Arts, & Sciences of Capiz State University

2. EDU 038 Jimmy Kijai The Influence of Selected Asian Adventist 10:15-10:30 Universities on Students’ Development of life Skills, Religiosity and Altruism

3. EDUC 039 Jolly Balila Evidence of Convergent and Divergent Validity Adventist University of the 10:30-10:45 of Professional Competence, Active Faith, Philippines Social Responsibility, Selfless Service, and Balanced Lifestyle (PASSB) Measures

4. EDUC 040 Teresita G. Belarmino Influence of Organizational Culture on TQM in Adventist University of the 10:45-11:00 Tertiary Institutions in Asia Philippines

Education: Parallel Session 10 l Education Ground Floor 2 Session Chair: Dr. Jolly S. Balila SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDUC 041 Edwin Balila Influence of Organizational Culture on Total Adventist University of the 11:00-11:15 Quality Management in a Multilevel Regression Philippines Model’s Perspective

2. EDUC 042 Robert John V. Almocera Investigating the Moderating Effect of Social Adventist International 11:15-11:30 Comparison Orientation on the Relationship Institute of Advanced Studies, between Enjoyment and Self-Regulated Philippines Learning

3. EDUC 043 Emir Lenard Sicangco Assessment Practices in the Industrial Tarlac State University 11:30-11:45 Engineering Undergraduate Program Fifth Year Subjects in Tarlac State University

4. EDUC 044 Ricardo A. Catanghal, Jr. Teachers Performance and Level of Happiness University of Antique 11:45-12:00 in the Mono-grade and Multi-grade

DAY 2 AFTERNOON SESSIONS (1:30-3:30) Education: Parallel Session 11 l Education Room 101 Session Chair: Dr. Leonardo B. Dorado SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU045 Jennalyn Ann G. dela Readiness of Faith-Based Community towards Adventist University of the 1:30-1:145 Viña. Rechelle F. Matira Adopting Special Education Program Philippines and Michelle T. Collado 2. EDU046 Alvyn Hendriks Instructional Strategies: A Way of Integrating Universitas Advent Indonesia 1:45:2:00 Faith and Learning in Higher Education

3. EDU047 Ranjith Kingston Sustainable Development Goals: Education Adventist International 2:00-2:15 Gladstone and its Practicality Institute of Advanced Studies, Philippines

4. EDU048 Mahaingam Varah Impediments to Research: Progress and Asia-Pacific International 2:15-2:30 Prospects University, Thailand

52 6th international scholars’ conference 53 Education: Parallel Session 12 l Education Room 101 Session Chair: Dr. Elmie Lyn Lagajino SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU049 Josephine P. Manapsal Effects of Music Therapy in Solving Math Francisco Osorio National 2:302:45 Problems: Basis for Developing Solving with High School-DepEd Cavite Music (SolMus) Program

2. EDU050 Ester J. E. W. Ndruru, A Comparison Study between Peer Feedback Universitas Advent Indonesia 2:45-3:00 Nelson Panjaitan Technique and Group Feedback Technique in Improving Students’ Writing Achievement in Writing Recount Text

3. EDU051 Phanommas A study of University Students’ Public Mahapajapati Buddhist 3:00-3:15 Bamrungsin Relations and Recruitment Strategies for College, Thailand ASEAN Opening Community and the 21st Century

4. Educ 052 Teofilo C. Esguerra, Jr. Spirituality in Higher Education: A Conceptual Adventist University of the 3:15-330 Framework Philippines ABS Education: Parallel Session 13 l Education Room 102 Session Chair: Dr. Oliveth H. Tolentino SCHEDULE PRESENTER TITLE AFFILIATION

1. EDU052 Dominic Cabauatan Teachers’ Perspectives on The Integration of Francisco Osorio National 1:30-1:45 Online Collaborative Tool for Teaching HiIsabela State University

2. EDU053 Rufina F. Francisco Kindergarten’s Short Attention Span: A Case Adventist University of the 1:45:2:00 Study Philippines

3. EDU054 Arjem Noryn College Experiences, Satisfaction, and Adventist University of the 2:00-2:15 Carinagl-Agum Estimated Gains of Graduating Seniors Philippines 4. EDU055 Rey Gelladuga Technology and Livelihood Education Adventist University of the 2:15-2:30 Graduates’ Low Performance in the Philippines Licensure Examination for Teachers: A Phenomenological Study TRA

54 6th international scholars’ conference CTS 55 ABS TRA

54 6th international scholars’ conference CTS 55 Mary Anne Grace M. Dorado ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MARY ANNE GRACE M. DORADO, IS A REGISTERED NURSE, AN EDUCATOR, A GRADUATE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN NURSING MAJOR IN HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION AND IS CURRENTLY FINISHING HER DOCTOR OF PUBLIC HEALTH AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE IS THE HUMAN SIMULATION AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY SKILLS CENTER – HEAD AND THE ADMISSION OFFICER OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES – COLLEGE OF MEDICINE.

Effects of Play Therapy on the Pain Management of Post-Operative Pediatric Patients Mary Anne Grace M. Dorado Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Studies on play therapy in other disciplines have been done but post-operative pain management in pediatric patients has not been considered. This study determined the effects of play therapy using storytelling, bubble blowing, singing and film viewing on the pain management of post-operative pediatric patients. The single-group pretest-posttest design was employed. Post-operative pediatric patients of the orthopedic ward ages 2-7 years old assessed to have acute pain were chosen; seven out of 12 patients qualified and were given a pretest to assess the level of pain. Experimental treatment was administered; a posttest was administered thereafter. The level of pain was assessed before and after the intervention with the use of Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, FLACC technique scale to assess the behavior and assessment of the vital signs. Play was used as the intervention and significant differences in the level of alleviated pain using self-assessment was computed by getting the decrement level of pain from pre to post assessment and subjecting it to the Kruskal-Wallis test. Storytelling was found to be the most effective resulting to lowered respiratory rate, heart rate and a normal blood pressure reading; however, it did not prove statistical significance as indicated by p-values greater than the 0.05 alpha level. Computed W coefficients associated with p-values revealed that pre-assessment data results were statistically different from the post-assessment data results in terms of self, behavioral and physiological assessments across the four types of play. The pain decrement from the pretest to posttest was statistically significant. A pain management program was proposed.

Keywords: play, play therapy, post-operative pediatric, assessment, pain

56 6th international scholars’ conference 57 Allied Health

Pornpan Saminpanya ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. PORNPAN SAMINPANYA HAS BEEN SERVING AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SINCE 1983 AS A COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING LECTURER. SHE IS CURRENTLY A SENIOR LECTURER TEACHING AND SUPERVISING COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING SUBJECTS. THE SCOPE OF HER RESEARCH IS RELATED TO HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE HEALTH BEHAVIORS OF THE PEOPLE IN THAI COMMUNITIES.

Perceived Self-Efficacy, Outcome Expectations and Self-Care Behavior of Hypertensive Patients Received a Treatment at Hinlub Subdistrict Health Promotion Hospital, Muak Lek District, Saraburi Province, Thailand Pornpan Saminpanya, Ampaiwan Toomsan and Supatcharee Makornkan Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: This research examined and compared the levels of perceived self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and self-care behavior of hypertensive patients who received treatment at the studied area. Purposive sampling of 76 patients (21 males and 55 females) who had blood pressure controlling under 160/100 mmHg., answered the questionnaires (Alpha-reliability Coefficient as 0.96) from August to November 2017. The statistics used included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, one sample t-test, one-way ANOVA with comparison test by Scheffe’s method, and Stepwise-multiple regression. The results were as follows: (a) a whole of the three aspects is at high level when comparing with the established criteria (60%) at the .05 level of significance with an average mean of 3.56; (b) comparison between genders is not significant, only income makes the three issues significantly different at the .05 level of significance. The best predictor of self-efficacy perception is appropriate time selection for exercises, which could predict the self-care behavior at 48.70 percent and at the .05 level of significance.

Keywords: perceived self-efficacy, outcome expectations, self-care behavior, hypertensive patients

56 6th international scholars’ conference 57 Selly Amelia Suryana Putri SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN RAJAWATI

Effect of Postural Drainage and Effective Cough after Nebulizer Intervention to in Oxygen Saturation among Children with Bronchopneumonia Selly Amelia Suryana Putri1, Lisbet Octavia Manalu1, Budi Somantri1, Albert Manggading Hutapea2 1Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Rajawali, 2Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Bronchopneumonia is a disease that occurs at the distal end of the bronchioles, where this portion of the bronchiole is blocked by mucopurulent exudate. One of the main problems of children with bronchopneumonia is an increase in excessive sputum secretion that will affect the process of oxygen exchange, which ultimately can reduce the oxygen saturation in the blood of the patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences between postural drainage and effective cough exercises in nebulizer intervention on oxygen saturation changes in children aged 3-5 years with bronchopneumonia. Analytical quasi-experimental study design with pre- and post-test approach among 30 children in a hospital was utilized. Sampling was done with non- probability sampling technique. The methods used were postural drainage and effective cough. The result was analyzed using t-Test. The mean difference in oxygen saturation value in the postural drainage group was higher (4.53 %) than in the effective cough group (3.64 %). Result of unpaired t-Test indicated a p = 0.343. Thus, there is no difference in postural drainage and effective cough exercises in nebulizer intervention to oxygen saturation change in bronchopneumonia. Future studies can be done on the effects of these methods when applied before nebulizer intervention.

Keywords: postural drainage, effective cough, bronchopneumonia

58 6th international scholars’ conference 59 Allied Health

Glena Fe A. Yapchulay-Alcabasa ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

GLENA FE A. YAPCHULAY-ALCABASA HAD HER PRE-MED STUDIES AT UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES WITH A DEGREE IN BS FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND HAD HER MEDICINE PROPER AT PERPETUAL HELP MEDICAL UNIVERSITY. SHE HAD HER SPECIALIZATION STUDIES IN DERMATOLOGY AT MEDICAL SKIN HEALTH FOUNDATION, NATIONAL SKIN CENTRE IN SINGAPORE AND CERTIFICATE AT UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES-MANILA. SHE ALSO HAD HER INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE STUDIES AT UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA. SHE HAS GAINED HER UNITS IN MASTERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH AT UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES -MANILA AND CURRENTLY FINISHING HER DEGREE AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Effect of Holistic Approach Program on Mental Health among Adolescents of Barangay Dita, City of Santa Rosa, Laguna Glena Fe A. Yapchulay-Alcabasa and Mary Jane Botabara-Yap Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Latest studies have shown growing concerns on the adolescents’ mental health problems specifically depression, anxiety and stress. This study utilized one group pre-test post-test descriptive design that aims to determine the prevalence of mental health problems and to determine the effect of holistic approach program to adolescents at risk. Two-phase sampling technique was applied. Initial sampling was done to determine those who have mental health problems among the population. Using modified and translated DASS-21, result revealed an over-all prevalence of 89%. Second-phase sampling included the 32 adolescents with mental health problems and underwent holistic approach intervention program. The specific prevalence showed 93.75% for depression, 84.38% for anxiety and 75% for stress.The following causes of mental health problem addressed were heavy use of social media, lack of socialization and self-esteem, peer pressure, academic difficulties, unhealthy diet, lack of sleep, low spirituality, conflict with family and friends. After the 8-sessions of the intervention program, initial over-all prevalence (100%) decreased (56.25%); depression, anxiety, and stress decreased as well (9.34%, 50% and 18.75%). Prevalence of lack of self-esteem and socialization decreased (53.12% to 18.75%), praying time increased to 62.50%. Eating junkfoods decreased (100% to 46.87%) and lack of sleep decreased as well (75% to 15.62%). Peer pressure decreased (43.75% to 18.75%), conflicts with family and friends decreased from 65.62% to 12.5% and 62.50% to 25%, respectively. Academic difficulties were resolved (62.5% to 6.25%). Therefore, the holistic approach intervention program was seen to be an effective tool in addressing depression, anxiety and stress among the adolescents.

Keywords: mental health, adolescents, anxiety, depression, stress, holistic approach program

58 6th international scholars’ conference 59 Giovanni Maria Sinaga UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MS. GIOVANNI MARIA SINAGA IS AN ALUMNA OF THE FACULTY OF NURSING. CURRENTLY, SHE IS ENROLLED IN NERS PROFESSION PROGRAM AT UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA. HER RESEARCH INTEREST IS IN NURSING STUDIES.

Effects of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Prehypertensive Clients at Universitas Advent Indonesia Giovanni Maria Sinaga and Evelin Malinti Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Elevated blood pressure is a progressive condition. A preliminary study was conducted and revealed that there is a potential for elevated blood pressure in students at Universitas Advent Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a change in blood pressure and heart rate in clients with elevated blood pressure before and after diaphragmatic breathing exercise. This study used an interrupted time series design with multiple treatment replications. Respondents were selected by purposive sampling. A total of 17 respondents participated in this study. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate were measured before and after the diaphragmatic breathing exercise (DBE) for five days. Data was calculated using repeated measures analysis of variance. The results showed that there are significant differencesp ( < .05) in SBP and DBP after performing diaphragmatic breathing exercise, while there is an insignificant difference (p > .05) of heart rate before and after diaphragmatic breathing exercise. The DBE was effective in decreasing systolic and diastolic blood pressure among prehypertensive clients. Recommendation for further research is to study the effects of other breathing exercises, such as pursed lip breathing, on blood pressure and heart rate.

Keywords: diaphragmatic breathing exercise, elevated blood pressure, heart rate

60 6th international scholars’ conference 61 Allied Health

Princess Red Rose Rodriguez ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

PRINCESS RED ROSE G. RODRIGUEZ IS A REGISTERED MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIST WORKING AS A CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR FOR ALMOST SEVEN YEARS AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Comparison of the Glycemic Response of White Sugar and Monk Fruit Sweetener among Normoglycemic Subjects Arddie Gangoso, Dexter Miller Robben, Monisha Caroline Wesley and Princess Red Rose Rodriguez Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Being overweight and a diet involving high calories that adds to the gaining of weight are some of the factors of diabetes mellitus type 2. There is a particular correlation on the glycemic index to some chronic diseases related to central obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetics are often advised to lessen sugar intake thus there is a growing number of artificial sweeteners that have come up to the market. The purpose of this research was to compare the blood glucose response of the participants after the consumption of similar concentrations of white sugar and monk fruit sweetener. The glucose loads were prepared by dissolving 50 grams of the sweetener to 250 mL of water. The blood of twelve non-diabetic participants ages 18 to 25 were obtained using capillary punctures and the glucose levels for fasting and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after the consumption of the glucose load were determined. The data were treated with paired t-test to know if there is a significant difference between the fasting blood sugar and the blood sugar from the different time interval, and it showed that white sugar has significant increase from the baseline, while monk fruit has no significant difference. This result proved monk fruit will not affect blood glucose significantly and is safe for consumption by those who want to maintain a normal blood sugar. Comparing the monk fruit to other sweeteners used by diabetic patients is an area needed to be explored.

Keywords: calories, blood glucose, fruit sweetener, monk fruit

60 6th international scholars’ conference 61 PalupiUNIVERSITAS ADVENT Triwahyuni INDONESIA MRS. PALUPI TRIWAHYUNI IS A MASTER OF HEALTH HOLDER FROM FACULTY OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITAAS GADJAH MADA, YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA. CURRENTLY, SHE IS A LECTURER AT FACULTY OF NURSING, UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA, BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HER RESEARCH INTEREST IS IN HEALTH PROMOTION OF NURSING.

Jeanny Rantung UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA MRS. JEANNY RANTUNG IS A MASTER OF NURSING HOLDER FROM FACULTY OF NURSING, UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA, JAKARTA, INDONESIA. CURRENTLY, SHE IS A LECTURER AT FACULTY OF NURSING, UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA, BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HER RESEARCH INTERESTS IN MEDICAL SURGICAL OF NURSING.

Andi Pengabdian Silaban UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MR. ANDI PENGABDIAN SILABAN IS A BACHELOR SCIENCE OF NURSING HOLDER FROM FACULTY OF NURSING, UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA, BANDUNG, INDONESIA. CURRENTLY, HE IS A STUDENT AT UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA, BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH INTEREST IS IN MEDICAL SURGICAL OF NURSING.

Results of Measurement of Body Temperature with Glass Mercury Thermometer and Digital Axillary Thermometer on Adult Patients at a Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia Andi Pengabdian Silaban, Palupi Triwahyuni and Jeanny Rantung Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: In other studies conducted by previous researchers comparing the results of the different methods of temperature measurement, a variety of significant and non-significant results have been seen. The purpose of this comparative research was to compare body temperature measurements taken using a glass mercury thermometer and a digital axillary thermometer on adult patients at a hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. The two groups’ independent t-test was used to determine the difference. Twenty-two participants were chosen using convenience sampling technique. The data was collected using a mercury thermometer and digital axillary thermometer on the right axilla of each sample. The results show that the temperature of the body by using mercury thermometer and digital axilla is 38.6682 ± 0.58585 and 38.5636 ± 0.57366 respectively. The significance (2-tailed) of the statistical independent t-test results is p =0.553. The temperature of the body by using mercury thermometer and digital axilla is 38.6682 ± 0.58585 and 38.5636 ± 0.57366 respectively. The conclusion is that there are no significant differences in the body temperature measurements between a mercury thermometer and a digital thermometer on adult patients. The results of this study may allow for subsequent research into different modes of clinical measurements.

Keywords: Axilla Digital Thermometer, body temperature, comparison, fever, mercury thermometer

62 6th international scholars’ conference 63 Allied Health

Yulia Maratuzzakiyah UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

The Effects of Mozart Classical Music Therapy (Clarinet Concerto in A Major K622) For Increasing Muscle Strength in Stroke Patients Undergoing ROM Exercise Admitted Patient 1Yulia Maratuzzakiyah, 1Tonika Tohri, 1Karolus Yosef Woitila Wangi, 1Dwight Mahaputera Marulitua Hutapea, 2Albert Manggading Hutapea 1Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Rajawali, 2Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: The Range of Motion (ROM) exercise is a physical training that increases muscle strength of a stroke patient who had hemiparesis. One of the rehabilitation methods for stroke patients is ROM exercise. Mozart classical music therapy is a complementary therapy that can be combined with ROM exercise. This research aimed to determine the effect of Mozart classical music therapy on muscle strength of admitted stroke patients undergoing ROM exercise. This research used quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group with pre-post test design. The study involved 30 participants. The study was conducted for 30 minutes once a day for seven consecutive days, and muscle strength was measured with Manual Muscle Test (MMT). The Wilcoxon test result on the pre- and post-test of each group showed a significant difference with p < 0.05. The Mann-Whitney test comparing the muscle strength between the control and the intervention group showed that a combination of ROM and Mozart music significantly increase the post-exercise muscle strength (p < 0.05). It was concluded that ROM exercise combined with classical music therapy can improve muscle strength of stroke patient better than only ROM exercise. It is recommended that future study be done on the duration and frequency of this method for a better result.

Keywords: stroke, Mozart Classical music therapy, muscle strength

62 6th international scholars’ conference 63 Michael Joseph S. Diño OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY

DR. MICHAEL JOSEPH S. DIÑO IS A NURSE EDUCATOR, RESEARCHER AND HEALTHCARE INFORMATICIST, AND THE RESEARCH DIRECTOR OF OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY. HE HOLDS A MASTER’S DEGREE IN NURSING ADMINISTRATION, OLFU (SUMMA CUM LAUDE) AND PROFESSIONAL DOCTORATE IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES, UST (SUMMA CUM LAUDE). HE IS AN ADVISORY BOARD MEMBER OF THE APPLE DISTINGUISHED EDUCATOR GROUP FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC.

“I feel like I’m drawing strength from it”: Lived Experiences of Filipino Elderly Participating in Craft-Making Ira Fe A. Borillo, Flootz Irish Cariza P. Chua, Christopher R. Aranda, Diane Eraphie A. Taboo and Michael Joseph S. Diño Our Lady of Fatima University

Abstract: In this phenomenological study, the lived experiences of seven Filipino elderly participating in craft-making were explored. The key informants were purposively selected from a municipality in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. The transcribed data gathered through a semi-structured in-depth interview was analyzed using Colaizzi’s approach. Six themes describing the lived experiences emerged: fostering friendship, flourishing health, “furthering service, facing aging with acceptance, finding felicity and self-fulfillment, and feelings of belongingness and security.This exploration speaks to understanding the potential of craft-making as a leisure activity for elderly.

Keywords: elderly, craft-making, leisure activity

64 6th international scholars’ conference 65 Allied Health

Vicky C. Mergal ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. VICKY C. MERGAL IS THE CURRENT DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER FOR GRADUATE STUDIES AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Phenomenological Study of Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors Christine Diane Dien, Jacqueline Polancos, Vicky C. Mergal, Susy Jael, Rima Nepangue Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The number of traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases continues to increase each year and it becomes a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to explore and describe the lived experiences of TBI survivors utilizing a qualitative phenomenological design. Key informants in the study were nine TBI survivors, ages 23 to 59 years old, who had sustained TBI for more than a year. To generate the needed information, a series of in-depth interviews utilizing semi-structured, self- developed open-ended questions, was employed. Findings showed that the survivors experienced a wide range of physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual changes. These changes affected their independent living, work, and relationships and they struggled to reconstruct their lives by coping with the changes. The physical change commonly reported by the survivors is headache. The mental changes are impaired memory and total memory loss where the survivors have to make checklists, relearn, and observe. The most reported emotional changes are increased anger, increased irritability and depression. However, for social changes there was a marked disruption and reduction of the social world that attributed to the breakdown of their relationships. Lastly, with the spiritual changes, the survivors experienced positive and negative changes such as increased faith and religiosity and loss of faith. Coping strategies of the TBI survivors were identified. However, the strong self-motivation and courage as the survivors’ physical, mental, and emotional coping resources had further alleviated their sufferings. These findings offer insight on how to deal with TBI survivors and what coping strategies can be introduced for faster recovery.

Keywords: Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors, coping strategies, phenomenology

64 6th international scholars’ conference 65 Ernawaty Siagian UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

ERNAWATY SIAGIAN, S.KEP. NS. MSN WAS BORN IN BANJARMASIN ON 26 NOVEMBER 1974. SHE GRADUATED FROM BSN AT ADVENTIST MAJOR IN MEDICAL SURGICAL IN 2009. AFTER THAT SHE WORKED FOR 10 YEARS AT THE ADVENTIST HOSPITAL BANDAR LAMPUNG. IN 2010, SHE CONTINUED HER EDUCATION AT AUP IN THE PHILIPPINES AND COMPLETED HER MSN IN 2012. SHE HAS BEEN WORKING FOR ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA SINCE 2013 AS A LECTURER IN THE FIELD OF MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING.

Tuberculosis Patient Adherence to Treatment and Transmission to Home Contact Family Members Ernawaty Siagian Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Tuberculosis is a contagious disease that is still a problem in the health world until today. Treatment of tuberculosis is one of the main strategies in controlling tuberculosis because it can break the transmission chain, especially in families of household contacts where transmission is twice as risky as casual or unfamiliar contact. This study analyzed the secondary data on patient adherence to pulmonary tuberculosis treatment sessions and transmission to household contact families in 2016-2017 at a private hospital in Indonesia. This research used a correlative descriptive design with Secondary Data Analysis (ADS) approach using existing data namely, TB 06 and TB 09. Sixty TB patients were utilized based on the report of patient data of TD DOTS year 2016-2017. The statistical analysis used was Pearson’s r. Result showed patient compliance of pulmonary tuberculosis to treatment sessions. The value of adherence was seen from all respondents who come to the referral clinic according to the TB 06, and TB 09. Investigation based on sputum is 23.3%. It means that from 60 respondents, there are only 14 people (23.3%) diagnosed of tuberculosis based on result of sputum and the remaining 46 people (76.7%) based on the result of the radiology. Identification of household contact family members found positive sputum smear examination of five people (8.3%) while four people (6.7%) were found to be undergoing tuberculosis treatment. There is a significant relationship between tuberculosis patient adherence to treatment sessions and transmission to household contact family with p value 0.001 (<0.05) with a moderate correlation (r) = 0.378%. In Discharge Planning Patient, the nurse includes TB 06 and TB 09 sheets for follow up treatment at the public health service center. The nurse needs to run educational programs on transmission behavior to hospitalized tuberculosis patient.

Keywords: tuberculosis, treatment compliance, family home contact transmission

66 6th international scholars’ conference 67 Allied Health

Suwadee Takan ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

SUWADEE TAKAN HAS BEEN SERVING AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SINCE 2012 AS A FACULTY OF NURSING. SHE IS AN INSTRUCTOR IN ADULT NURSING DEPARTMENT. HER INTEREST IS EDUCATION RESEARCH; THEREFORE, IN THIS CONFERENCE SHE WOULD LIKE TO PRESENT THE STUDY ABOUT TEACHING BY USING TELECONFERENCE.

Learning Achievement and Satisfaction in Teaching Through Teleconference of the First Year Nursing Students at Mission Faculty of Nursing, Asia-Pacific International University Jettana Wongsasung, Suwadee Takan, and Sawapa Vichitvatee Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: This quasi-experimental research aimed to compare students’ learning achievement and their satisfaction in teaching through teleconference system. Purposive sampling technique was utilized to obtain 30 first year nursing students of Mission Faculty of Nursing at Muak Lek Campus. The students’ learning achievement and their satisfaction in the teaching program were assessed by using Knowledge Questionnaire and Student’s Satisfaction Questionnaire which were developed by investigators. Both questionnaires had acceptable validity and reliability. For implementation, the subjects were taught by teachers from Bangkok Campus through teleconference system for one topic. Knowledge was examined prior and after the teaching. T-test was performed to compare the knowledge and their satisfaction. Results revealed a significant difference in learning achievement prior and after the teaching.t ( = 13.46, p < 0.05). The mean scores of knowledge after the teaching are higher than before the teaching. Satisfaction level in teaching by using telecommunication system is different at statistical significance level of .05t ( = 17.74, p < 0.05). The satisfaction mean scores after the teaching is higher than set value of 3.5 (very good level). Suggestions were to encourage teachers to utilize the system and develop it into more advanced level.

Keywords: learning achievement, satisfaction, teleconference

66 6th international scholars’ conference 67 Jay Ann M. Gamelong ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

JAY ANN MORALES-GAMELONG IS A NURSE MARRIED TO AN ARCHITECT WITH A 3-YEAR-OLD SON. SHE IS A FULLTIME MOM AND A STUDENT FROM CITY, CURRENTLY PURSUING DRPH AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Exploring High Rate Malnutrition among Children in a Selected Barangay in Silang, Cavite Jay Ann M. Gamelong Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Malnutrition remains a serious problem in the Philippines. The death rate of children below five years old remains highest in the poorest sector of families in populated urban settings. Literature has identified factors that influence malnutrition quantitatively in other countries; however, this dilemma has not been identified in the Philippines qualitatively. This study explored the reasons for malnutrition among children below five years old in Barangay Inchican, Silang, Cavite anchored on the ecological approach and health belief model. This qualitative case study used purposive sampling. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews of three mothers and three health workers. For triangulation, observation and document analysis were done. Findings showed that factors influencing malnutrition in Barangay Inchican include children’s poor health condition, poor access to affordable healthcare services, bigger family size and rising population, lack of knowledge and education of mothers, negative behavior of mothers and weak financial support from the government. Because of the need for appropriate intervention to curb malnutrition, these findings may merit future sustainable programs to improve children’s nutritional status in Barangay Inchican, Silang, Cavite. Further studies are needed to evaluate malnutrition reduction programs implemented in the barangays of the Philippines.

Keywords: malnutrition, Philippines, descriptive case study

68 6th international scholars’ conference 69 Allied Health

Elisa Anderson UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

Qualitative Study: Motivation of Post-Stroke Rehabilitation after Discharge from Hospital Elisa Anderson Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Motivation is an essential component of adherence to post- stroke rehabilitation program. This study aimed to explore the client’s perspective on motivation in a post-stroke rehabilitation program after discharge from hospital. This qualitative study used phenomenological method with six participants using individual in-depth semi-structured interview. Purposive sampling method was carried out in this study. Five themes were formed: the formation of the basic components of rehabilitation motivation, the consistency of rehabilitation motivation, strengthening and weakening factors of rehabilitation motivation, and the attempt to preserve it. Although motivation was found in the post stroke client during rehabilitation program, it is possible to change due to both internal and external factors and attempt of preserving quality. Rehabilitation motivation should always be evaluated since some factors such as spiritual, physical, psychological, social, and environment factors could affect its quality. In order to support this result, further study is recommended with more varied participants and alternative method such as quantitative or mix method. Additionally, this future work would be beneficial to develop an effective motivation model to rehabilitation adherence.

Keywords: motivation, rehabilitation, stroke

68 6th international scholars’ conference 69 Samuel M. Simanjuntak UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

Self-Care Pattern among Mature Woman with Hypertension at Karyawangi Village of Parongpong District of Bandung Regency: A Phenomenological Study Imanuella and Samuel M. Simanjuntak Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Hypertension, known as the silent killer, is a condition where the systolic blood pressure is more than 120 mmHg and diastolic pressure is more than 80 mmHg. The study explored the patient’s self-care patterns toward the hypertension, environmental patterns, family roles, coping method, and how to obtain health assistance. This study made use of qualitative-phenomenological methods of research by conducting an in-depth interview on seven respondents utilizing ten semi-structured questions.The participants were selected using the purposive sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The following themes were identified after the conduct of the study: self-physical, emotional condition, cognator, mastery experience, vicarious experience, self-concept, self-efficacy, persuasion, regulator and interdependence. The study also recommended that other characteristics from each category be explored such as patient self-care patterns and lifestyle patterns. It also recommended that the health officer provide clear information that is easy to understand. Furthermore, regular health education must be provided among mature woman.

Keywords: hypertension, self-care, adaptation, self-efficacy, community

70 6th international scholars’ conference 71 Allied Health

Kanokwan Nunchai ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

KANOKWAN NUNCHAI HAS BEEN SERVING AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SINCE 2016 AS A NURSING FACULTY. SHE IS A TUTOR IN FUNDAMENTAL NURSING DEPARTMENT. SHE IS INTERESTED IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH, FOCUSING IN STRESS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL.

Stress Level in Grade 6 Students at Muak Lek District, Saraburi Kanokwan Nunchai Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: The stress causes mental health problems and misconduct or violence. Suicide in adolescents due to stress has been increasing in Thailand. Grade 6 students are considered preteen that may be challenged with stress when facing difficulties in lives. This study was conducted to determine the stress level of grade 6 students at Muak Lek District, Saraburi and compare between male and female students. A descriptive survey with purposive sampling was used. The sample group was 153 grade 6 students who participated in the “Better Health with NEWSTART Exhibition” on January 2018 at Asia- Pacific International University. Questionnaires designed from Mental Health Ministry of Thailand with a total score of 15 were administered by sophomore nursing students. Of the 76 male students 59.2% are less stressed (x= 4.50). Of the 77 female students 46.8% are less stressed (x= 4.79). The overall mean (x= 4.65) is interpreted as less to moderate stress and is not significantly different between male and female (p = 0.534), suggesting that assessing the stress level at school age can help the students prevent misconduct or violent behavior from stress at school before becoming a teenager. Moreover, stress and coping program should be considered and implemented as early as primary school age.

Keywords: stress level, NEWSTART, grade 6 student, school age, mental health

70 6th international scholars’ conference 71 Jacqueline G. Polancos ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

JACQUELINE G. POLANCOS IS A DOCTOR OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND CURRENTLY SERVES AS ONE OF THE ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS IN THE COLLEGE OF NURSING, ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Social Media and Self-Esteem of Filipino College Students as Mediated by Body Image XyllaNika Carinio, Ron Vincent Mondelo, Louise Kay Tobongbanua, and Jacqueline G. Polancos Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The advancement in social media use is undeniable and there are many contradictory views on the effects of frequent use. The Philippines was the top among other countries with 83.1% of Filipinos belonging to social networking sites. Also, Filipinos were considered the top users in sharing photos and videos. Thus, this study examined if body image mediates the relationship of social media use and self-esteem of 101 Filipino college students who were conveniently chosen from different departments of a university. A descriptive design using an adopted questionnaire and a constructed questionnaire for literature was employed to gather data. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to generate a model for college student’s self-esteem. The respondents spent an average of 5.06 hours per day in which majority are constantly connected. They have a very good body image as well as high self-esteem. Their body image is found to be related to their self-esteem. However, the daily time spent and frequency of visit to social media negatively relate to their body image and, together with their age and gender, do not affect their self-esteem. SEM revealed that the relationship between social media as to daily time spent and self-esteem was partially mediated by body image. Social media has to affect the body image of the Filipino College students first before it can affect their self- esteem.

Keywords: social media use, body image of college students, mediation of body image

72 6th international scholars’ conference 73 Allied Health

Ivanna Junamel Manoppo UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

IVANNA JUNAMEL MANOPPO EARNED HER BACHELOR’S DEGREE FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF NURSING SCIENCE UNAI, BANDUNG IN 2004 AND LATER HER MASTER’S DEGREE IN PUBLIC HEALTH FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH, GAJAH MADA UNIVERSITY IN 2011. CURRENTLY, SHE IS A LECTURER AT UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, MANADO, INDONESIA.

Relationship Between Paritas and Husband’s Support with Postpartum Blues Events Ivanna Junamel Manoppo and Sinta Wongkar Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Postpartum blues is a temporary psychological disorder in women after childbirth characterized by peaking emotions in the first week after delivery. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between parity and husband’s support with postpartum blues event at RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. The research method was observational analytic with cross sectional approach, with 109 postpartum respondents. The result of the study showed that 39 (35.8% did not experience postpartum blues, 37 (33.9%) mothers experienced postpartum blues, 32 (29.4%) mothers experienced postpartum depression symptoms, and one (0.9%) mother experienced postpartum depression. 58 (53%) among the respondents described their husband’s support as very good, 29 (27%) as good, and 22 (20%) as less, respectively.There is a relationship between parity and postpartum blues events with p value 0.001. There is also a significant relationship between husband’s support and postpartum blues events with p value 0.000. Therefore, husband’s support, more than parity, has a greater influence to postpartum blues. To prevent postpartum blues, a greater amount of husband’s support is highly recommended.

Keywords: husband’s support, parity, postpartum blues

72 6th international scholars’ conference 73 Joyosthie B. Orbe ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

JOYOSTHIE B. ORBE IS A NURSE EDUCATOR WHO HOLDS A MASTER’S DEGREE IN NURSING, LLU-SON AND IS A STUDENT FINISHING A DEGREE, PHD IN NURSING ADMINISTRATION, OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY, PHILIPPINES. CONCURRENTLY, JOY IS A PROGRAM COMMITTEE MEMBER OF THE PRESTIGIOUS SIGMA THETA TAU PHI GAMMA VIRTUAL CHAPTER, AND MEMBER OF THE COLLEGE OF NURSING EXECUTIVE COUNCIL, ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Eidetic Dimensions on the Reasons for Scholarship Participation Captured from Allied Health Academic Scholars: A Q Method Research Joyosthie B. Orbe and Michael Joseph S. Diño Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Scholarship participation in the academic community necessitates attendance in local and international conferences to produce, present and publish research. This study captured expressions marked by vivid recall of reasons for scholarship participation of allied health academic professionals in a qualitative research utilizing the Q methodology. Three Factor (Array) solution using varimax rotation was employed to elicit the Eigenvalues, variance and intercorrelations of the data collected. One hundred and ten respondents from seven professions representing 18 countries from four international universities, one institute of advanced studies and one international college participated in the study. Results revealed that respondents needed scholarship participation and the primary reason is to acquire best practices; to improve competencies as an educator and equip oneself of necessary skills to internationalize curriculum both rank next in precedence. Respondents strongly discard the reasons that they participate in scholarly works for prestige and honor, to receive honorarium, and reap rewards and recognition. They also showed neutrality on reasons that the scholarly participation is done in order to improve institution’s reputation, advance career, secure tenureship, and expose oneself to opportunities. The sentiments of the respondents will serve as the impetus for program development to answer the need for scholarship involvement to be prioritized.

Keywords: Q Methodology, scholarship participation, eidetic dimensions

74 6th international scholars’ conference 75 Allied Health

Nova Lina Langingi UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

The Relationship of Body Mass Index and Age Toward Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure Nova Lina Langingi Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The study was intended to determine the relationship of body mass index and age with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, employing cross sectional design and purposive sampling in methodology for 35 participants. Pearson product moment result showed that body mass index was not significantly related to the systolic or diastolic blood pressure, whilst the age was significantly related to the diastolic blood pressure, and had moderate level of positive relationship. In other words, when age is advancing then systolic blood pressure will be rise as well; however, that was not the case with diastolic blood pressure. By utilizing simple regression linear, it was found that the predictor of age toward blood pressure is 12.4% and every one-year advancement of age the systolic blood pressure will rise as much as .580 mmHg.

Keywords: age, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure

74 6th international scholars’ conference 75 ADVENTISTJanieve UNIVERSITY OFIbañez THE PHILIPPINES

ADVENTISTElla UNIVERSITYJan OF THEDell PHILIPPINES Arciaga

Marginal Microleakage Evaluation of Four Temporary Restorative Materials Used as Double Seal in Endodontics: An In Vitro Study Janieve Ibañez and Ella Jan Dell Arciaga Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Placing a double-seal in endodontics using temporary restorative cements is a common practice however the sealing capabilities against marginal leakage of these materials have not been revealed. The study was conducted to determine which combination of cements is going to be more effective in providing provisional barrier in between endodontic appointments. A quantitative comparative research design was employed in this study. Four cements were selected to be used as double seal in 60 endodontically prepared teeth. The 60 specimens were grouped into five: 10 specimens on the first four groups and 20 specimens on the fifth group. Group A was filled with Caviton and IRM©; Group B, with Cavit and IRM©; Group C, with Caviton and Hy-bond Zinc Phosphate Cement; Group D, with Cavit and Hy-Bond Zinc Phosphate Cement; and Group E, with the combination of groups A, B, C, and D. All specimens were mounted in Portland cement up to their cervical lines, exposing their crowns. All specimens underwent thermocycling for 100 cycles by placing them alternately in distilled water baths at a temperature range of 5oC and 55oC, 30 seconds in each bath. After thermocycling, the specimens were immersed in methylene blue dye solution for leakage assessment. Groups A, B, C, and D were immersed for 30 minutes, while Group E was immersed for 1 hour. The teeth were then rinsed under tap water and dried and then sectioned mesiodistally. The greatest depth of dye penetration was measured using a periodontal probe and was recorded.

Keywords: double-seal, marginal leakage, temporary restorative cements, endodontics, dye penetration

76 6th international scholars’ conference 77 Allied Health

Ma. Estrella H. Sales ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MA. ESTRELLA H. SALES IS CURRENTLY A FACULTY OF THE MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, HANDLING COURSES IN HEMATOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY AND SEROLOGY. YOU CAN REACH HER THROUGH EMAIL AT [email protected].

Effect of the Complete Health Improvement Program on Neutrophil Phagocytic Activity Regina C. Gomez, Kristel Joy G. Nayre, Lowen Joy C. Nicolas and Ma. Estrella H. Sales Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The increased incidence of lifestyle diseases has led to the development of health intervention programs. These lifestyle programs have the potential to greatly change one’s overall health. One of such program is the Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP). Although offered in various locations worldwide, this study involved CHIP participants held at Adventist Medical Center-Manila, City, Manila (AMCM). The goal of this study was to determine the effect of participating in the CHIP on the innate immune system particularly the neutrophil phagocytic activity. Using pre-experimental design, incidental quota sampling was used to conduct a pre-post intervention study design. The phagocytic activity of neutrophils was determined through microscopic examination of slides prepared from the participants’ heparinized whole blood, inoculated with a bacterial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus and stained with Wright’s stain. Statistical comparison using dependent t-test of the pre- and post-CHIP neutrophil phagocytic activity of the participants who joined the program showed significant changes. Phagocytic percent, phagocytic index and phagocytic activity are significantly higher after the completion of the program. Further study on whether these results would be consistent in participants who can maintain the lifestyle and the effect on the adaptive immune system may be explored.

Keywords: Complete Health Improvement Program, neutrophil phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, phagocytic percentage

76 6th international scholars’ conference 77 Titin Sulastri UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

Modification of Lacto-Ovo Vegetarian Menu to Increase Body Iron Level Titin Sulastri, Derena Karen Adriana Mangowal, and Marvel Reuben Suwitono Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Iron level in the body is influenced by the consumption and absorption of iron, and its cofactor such as vitamin C. The study was conducted at the cafeteria of Universitas Advent Indonesia which provides lacto-ovo vegetarian diet for the students. Iron content was calculated, based on food composition table from literatures was then compared to the regular menu and modified menu that was served. Iron and vitamin C supplements were added from a food source in the modified menu. A total of 30 healthy female students participated in the study. The participants consumed lacto-ovo vegetarian diet for two months. The participants were served with specific amount of modified menu for 7 days for a frequency of 3 times daily. Coefficient of body iron content was obtained and was analyzed using quantum resonance magnetic analyzer. The result of paired t-test statistical analysis showed that there is significant difference (p = 0.046) between consumption of modified lacto-ovo vegetarian menu and that of the regular menu. The mean score improved from = 0.85 to as high as = 0.93. It is therefore concluded that the modified menu could improve iron levels in the body.

Keywords: nutritional iron, body iron, lacto-ovo vegetarian

78 6th international scholars’ conference 79 Allied Health

Lea Andy Shintya UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

LEA ANDY SHINTYA IS A RESEARCHER FROM MANADO-INDONESIA. SHE GRADUATED FROM THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA BANDUNG, WITH BACHELOR DEGREE IN NURSING IN 2004 AND GOT HER MASTER SCIENCE OF NURSING AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN 2017. SHE IS CURRENTLY WORKING AS A LECTURER AT NURSING FACULTY OF – INDONESIA.

The Effect of Green Color Therapy on Anxiety Level among Primigravida Mothers in Their Third Trimester Chintami Watak and Lea Andy Shintya Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Being a mother is a happy thing for a woman to experience. Mothers feel happy, proud, joyful and blessed. But the process of being a mother is not an easy thing to go through. Pregnant women will experience adaptation, because physical and psychological changes occur among pregnant women. One of the psychological changes that occur in pregnancy is anxiety. This study aimed to determine the influence of green color therapy on the level of anxiety of primigravida mother during the third trimester. This study used pre- experimental design with one-group pretest-posttest design, where data were gathered from 30 primigravida mothers in their third trimester using purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed using the mean and paired t-test. The results of this study showed that the level of anxiety before and after the green color therapy was 3.20 and 2.05, respectively. The study revealed that there is a significant effect of green color therapy to anxiety level of primigravida mother in her third trimester. Based on the result, the health center may consider the color in decorating the room for pregnant women.

Keywords: anxiety, primigravida, Trimester III, green color

78 6th international scholars’ conference 79 Uriel L. Zarsaga ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

URIEL L. ZARSAGA IS A DOCTOR OF DENTAL MEDICINE WHO SERVES AS INSTRUCTOR II AT THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY, ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Commercially Available Denture Cleaners versus Lemon and Calamansi as Complete Denture Cleaning Agents Glory V. Pohan, Febe M.K Wangania and Uriel L. Zarsaga Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The study analyzed the effectiveness of commercially available denture cleaners versus Lemon and Calamansi as complete denture cleaning agent. Specifically, to test the plaque index score of each denture before and after using commercially available denture cleaners and citrus cleaners at different time intervals. Convenience sampling method was used in choosing subjects who are complete denture wearers for not more than two years. The number of the complete denture for this study was 30 pairs. The total number of samples was 60 dentures; each denture has 27 set of teeth excluding the 3rd molar. There were 5 solutions used for this study; namely, Water, Calamansi, Lemon, Efferdent and Polident. The 30 dentures were divided into five solutions, so each solution of denture cleaner got six pairs of dentures for the experiment. Each set of complete denture was recorded twice for ‘before’ and ‘after’ using stopwatch and it’s based on the time that has been settled which are 5, 15 and 30 minutes. Results showed that there is no significant difference in between commercially available denture cleaners and citrus materials for reducing the amount of plaque in complete denture. Citrus materials are just as effective as commercially available denture cleaning agents.

Keywords: dentures, plaque, citrus, cleaning agents

80 6th international scholars’ conference 81 Allied Health

Rizky Intan Pratiwi SEKOLAH TINGGI KESEHATAN RAJAWALI

Effectiveness of Music and Aromatheraphy as an Intervention for Preoperative Anxiety: A Systematic Review 1Rizky Intan Pratiwi, 1Ayu Mellisa, 1Widya Purnama, 1Leli Astriani, 1Dwight Mahaputera Marulitua Hutapea, and 2Albert Manggading Hutapea 1Sekolah Tinggi Kesehatan Rajawali, 2Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Anxiety is a serious condition among preoperative patients. The prevalence of preoperative anxiety disorder in Indonesia is around 6-7% of the general population. A systematic review was conducted from an online database such as EBSCO, CINAHL, Science Direct, ProQuest, E-Journal. Eighteen studies of music and aromatherapy for perioperative anxiety met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eleven studies from 1995 to 2018 indicated a significant effect of music on the reduction of anxiety levels of preoperative patients. Seven studies from 2008 to 2017 showed that aromatherapy exerted a significant effect as an intervention to reduce the level of anxiety among preoperative patients. When comparing the effects of music and aromatherapy, there was no statistically significant difference in the anxiety level between the experimental group and the control group with the combination of music and aromatherapy in experimental and control groups as the intervention. It was concluded that music and aromatherapy are an effective intervention to reduce anxiety for perioperative procedures among patients.

Keywords: anxiety, aromateraphy, music therapy

80 6th international scholars’ conference 81 Arvin B. Laguna ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

ARVIN B. LAGUNA IS A DOCTOR OF DENTAL MEDICINE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES WHO ALSO HOLDS A DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT DEGREE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP. HE IS THE CURRENT DEAN OF THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY, ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Effects of Moderate and High Intensity Exercises on Specific Biomarkers of Saliva Juliana Siziba, Khayali Sherell Wilson, Arvin B. Laguna, Lorcelie B. TaclanUriel Zarsaga, Amelina Fabroa, and Reynaldo San Luis III Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Endurance trainers and athletes are at higher risk for caries and periodontal disease as reported by research studies during the past decades. This experimental study evaluated the effects of moderate intensity exercise (MIE) and high intensity exercise (HIE) on biomarkers of saliva, such as, salivary flow rate and salivary pH. The effects of the MIE and HIE on the biomarkers were analyzed from the said effects on the groups based on gender, diet, regularity of exercise and nationality. Under the guidance and supervision of the researchers, each participant was subjected to MIE and HIE, with samples of saliva collected and analyzed before and after each exercise interval. Findings showed that there is a significant increase in salivary flow rate and a decrease in salivary pH during HIE. It also showed that these changes are more significant in HIE compared to MIE. Females, non-Filipinos, and non- vegetarians are at risk of a decrease in pH during HIE; however, the groups that showed an increase in flow rate during HEI are males, non-vegetarians, regular exercisers, and both Filipinos and non-Filipinos. Although the pH decreased during HIE, the mean levels remained within physiological normal limits. The increase in flow rate contributes to an enhanced cleansing ability of saliva during HIE.

Keywords: moderate intensity exercise; high intensity exercise; salivary flow, salivary pH

82 6th international scholars’ conference 83 Allied Health

Marvel Reuben Suwitono UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MR. MARVEL REUBEN SUWITONO IS A DOCTORATE DEGREE HOLDER FROM INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG IN INDONESIA. CURRENTLY, HE IS THE DEAN AT THE FACULTY OF MATH AND SCIENCE AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE BIOLOGY SCIENCE.

New Anti-Inflammatory Agent from Genus artocarpus: A Prediction by Molecular Docking Marvel Reuben Suwitono Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Inflammation is a normal homeostatic mechanism of body for self-repair from cell damage. However, inflammation effect would give uncomfortable condition, thus drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), is needed to relieve it. Traditionally, Artocarpus spp., in which number of active compounds has been isolated, is believed to have anti-inflammatory activity. This study aims to identify the anti-inflammatory property of Artocarpus spp. Utilizing the computational method such as PyRx and AutoDock Vina. A total of 53 active structures (isolates) of genus Artocarpus were obtained from literature (as ligand). They were then studied by molecular docking with three enzymes, which is believed to be responsible for inflammation, such as cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-11), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX- 12), and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) (as receptor). It was then compared to a common drug structures such as the nine NSAIDs classification and one public-pulled due to its increasing side effect. Data analysis utilizing the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed that each 63 ligand (53 Artocarpus isolates structure and 10 drugs) significantly differed each other according to its binding affinity (p = 0.000). A significant difference for macromolecules (receptor) (p = 0.000) were also found out in this study. Duncan’s multiple range test also showed that the highest rank were engelitin (a) ( = -9.137 kcal/ mol) and artonolD (b) ( = -8.692 kcal/mol). Other isolates including common commercial drug were ranked lower. The findings of this study suggest studying these two substances further for their anti-inflammatory property.

Keywords: Artocarpus, COX-1, COX-2, NF-kβ, PyRx, AutoDock Vina

82 6th international scholars’ conference 83 Albert Manggading Hutapea UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

Attenuation of Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Healthy Subjects Ingesting Gel of Premna serratifolia L. Leaves Thirty Minutes Prior to Consumption of Glucose Albert Manggading Hutapea1, Frisca Simbolon1, Dwight Mahaputera Marulitua Hutapea2 1Universitas Advent Indonesia, 2Sekolah Tinggi Kesehatan Rajawali

Abstract: Premna serratifolia L. leaves are used to make local jelly dessert, unique to West Province population. The leaves have pectin include saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid and magnesium claimed to control blood sugar of diabetics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antihyperglycemic effect of these leaves on blood sugar change profile in normoglycemic subjects. Thirty healthy students were selected by purposive sampling. Glucose tolerance method was used, carried out in three experiments separated by a one-week washout period. Subjects were asked to fast for 8-10 hours in the evening prior to each experiment, and then checked for fasting blood glucose. For the experiment one, the participants were given, the standard 75 g of food grade D (+)-glucose monohydrate solution. Blood glucose was then checked at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes postprandial. In experiment two the same protocol was done for the except that the glucose was consumed thirty minutes before the ingestion of glucose. As for the third experiment grass jelly made of 100 g of Premna serratifolia L. leaves was administered, instead glucose solution. Statistical analysis with t-Test showed insignificant antihyperglycemic effect at 30 minutes (p = 0.071), and but significant effect at 60, 90 and 120 minutes (p = 0.000) postprandial. It is concluded that the gel of Premna serratifolia L. leaves has postprandial antihyperglycemic effects among healthy subjects. It is recommended that the same study be done on diabetic patients.

Keywords: green cincau, Premina serratifolia L., antihyperglycemia, postprandial blood glucose

84 6th international scholars’ conference 85 Allied Health

Kathleen Joyce Estrada ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

KATHLEEN JOYCE ESTRADA IS A DOCTOR OF DENTAL MEDICINE FROM THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, SHE IS A FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY, AUP

Clinical Comparison of Three Manual Toothbrushes with Different Designs Sheena Marie Foja and Kathleen Joyce Estrada Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: With the advent of differing innovative toothbrush designs and the increasing price attached to it, the study compared toothbrush quality as dictated by cost, comfort and effectiveness in removing plaque. The toothbrushes were chosen according to price and design with the following specifications: Toothbrush A (Php 21.75) had soft, curvy bristles and rubber grip handle, Toothbrush B (Php 76.60) had soft bristles, extra-wide handle with cushions and a flexible neck, Toothbrush C (Php 117.75) had soft, multiple- height bristles with soft, rubber bristles on the sides and rubber grip handle. Using the Turesky Modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TQHPI), pre-brush and post-brush indices were taken. Each toothbrush was used twice with participants using the modified Stillman toothbrushing technique. The participants were also blindfolded to eliminate bias during the comfortability assessment of the toothbrush. A questionnaire was used to assess level of comfort provided by each toothbrush every visit. Results from the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed that all toothbrushes had significant reduction from pre-brush baseline. Toothbrush A has the highest mean plaque index score (0.51±0.24) but the difference was found to be statistically insignificant (p = 0.95). Comparison of comfort showed participant’s preference for Toothbrush C but the differences between the three were statistically insignificant (p = 0.36). There is no superior toothbrush among the three as each one is effective in removing plaque and comfortable to use. In contrast to the concept that price is an indicator of quality, results show that an economical toothbrush is as effective in plaque removal as an innovatively designed toothbrush when user follows proper toothbrushing instructions.

Keywords: manual toothbrush, oral hygiene, plaque removal, preventive dentistry, clinical trial

84 6th international scholars’ conference 85 Deborah Cynthia T. Gatchalian ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. DEBORAH CYNTHIA T. GATCHALIAN IS THE CHAIR OF THE PRE-DENTISTRY AT THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY, ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Assessment of Oral Health Status of the Senior Citizens Basis for Oral Health Program Alniel Jo C. Manlapig, Jeremae C. Davao, and Deborah Cynthia T. Gatchalian Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Clinically, a lot of elderly suffer from an oral mucosa condition and most lose their teeth from a young age due to unawareness of the importance of oral health. That is an indication that they lack oral health education. This Descriptive study was conducted to assess the oral health status of citizens who are 60 – 87 years old through random sampling in six barangays in Silang, Cavite. It may also serve as a basis for an oral health program for the elderly in relation to the World Health Organization campaign. Mouth examinations were done and questionnaires were accomplished. The Chi-Square method was utilized to cross-tabulate the respondents’ demographic profile such as age, gender, occupation and oral health status in terms of oral mucosa condition, dentition and prosthetic status including prosthetic needs. Almost 27% of the respondents who are 60-79 years old clinically showed oral pathologic conditions and they were not being treated by any dentist. Edentulism became a common oral health problem of 72% of the elderly and only 50% of them have existing complete dentures. Further studies are recommended in order to gauge the feasibility of dental missions and local government assistance to implement an oral health education and services program for the underserved elderly citizens.

Keywords: senior citizens, oral health status

86 6th international scholars’ conference 87 Allied Health

Jirawan Klommek ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. JIRAWAN KLOMMEK HAS BEEN SERVING AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SINCE 1995 AS A NURSING LECTURER. SHE IS CURRENTLY AN ASSOCIATE DEAN OF THE MISSION FACULTY OF NURSING. THE SCOPES OF HER RESEARCH ARE PEDIATRIC INJURIES AND HEALTH PROMOTION.

A Survey of Toddler’s Behaviors Risk for Unintentional Injuries at Bangkok Metropolitan Area, Thailand Jirawan Klommek and Petcharat Eiamla-or Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: Unintentional injury in toddler is a worldwide problem causing death and hospitalization. This research aimed to survey risk behavior of unintentional injury in toddler. Purposive sampling technique with inclusion criteria was used to recruit 150 parents. The instrument was developed by investigators composing of demographic data and risk behavior of unintentional injury 23 questions. Cronbach’s Alpha was .81. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results revealed that the high risk behaviors of unintentional injury in toddler ranking from the highest score were: (a) fall down, and (b) run out into street in front of their house. The low risk behaviors of unintentional injury scores in toddler ranking from the lowest were: (a) play with matches, candles, lighters, or others; (b) fall out of windows or down the stairways; and (c) get into dangerous substances such as medicine, gasoline, cleaning supplies, and others. Suggestions were for pediatric nurses, educators, institutes of child injury promotion and prevention to provide guidelines for care takers regarding care and safety standard for risk behavior of unintentional child injury in family, community, and nationwide.

Keywords: behaviors risk, toddlers, unintentional injuries, Thailand

86 6th international scholars’ conference 87 Reagen Mandias UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

REAGEN MANDIAS IS A RESEARCHER FROM MANADO-INDONESIA. HE GRADUATED FROM THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA BANDUNG, WITH BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN NURSING IN 2004 AND GOT HIS MASTER SCIENCE OF NURSING AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN 2017. HE IS CURRENTLY WORKING AS A LECTURER AT NURSING FACULTY OF KLABAT UNIVERSITY – INDONESIA.

The Effect of Back Massage to Blood Pressure in Men with Hypertension Reagen Mandias and Noni Stendi Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Back massage is one of the nonpharmacological therapies and is also included in complementary interventional therapies that can be provided by nurses to enhance relaxation and improve circulation of the blood. That is why back massage can be administered to hypertensive patients. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of back massage to blood pressure in men with hypertension.This study used pre-experimental design with one group pre- test and post-test design. Thirty participants were chosen through purposive sampling. Treatment back massage is given on the back of the participants for 15 minutes for 3 consecutive days. The results showed that back massage can lower blood pressure of the participants both systolic and diastolic. Thus, researchers recommend that back massage therapy can be used to lower blood pressure in man with hypertension.

Keywords: back massage, hypertension

88 6th international scholars’ conference 89 Allied Health

Samuel M. Simanjuntak UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

The Education Of Smart School Snacks Towards the Ability of Choosing Snacks at Preschool Children in IKI PTPN VII Way Galih Kindergarten, Tanjung Bintang, Propinsi Lampung Edita Revine Siahaan and Samuel M. Simanjuntak, STIKes Jendral Achmad Yani Cimahi Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Preschool children are the golden age period. The Indonesian Ministry of Health (2014) revealed that around 40%-44% of snacks hawkers in children’s school do not fulfill the health requirements. Snacks consumed in schools are very risky due to biological and chemical contamination which can damage the health of children. Risks can pose long term and short term effects on the health of the preschool children. Parents together with their children choose unhealthy snacks within their school premises. The study aimed to test the approach of education of smart school snacks towards the ability of snacks selection among preschool children. This study utilized quasi-experimental research design with one group pre and post-test without control a group. A total of 75 preschool children were chosen as participants utilizing total sampling. The instrument which was used in this research is international standardized observation. To analyze the data, Mc Nemar test was implemented in this study. There were 47 preschool children (62.7%) who chose kinds of unhealthy snack before the education of smart school snacks is given, meanwhile, those who chose healthy snacks were only 28 children (37.3%). This means that there is alteration and difference after the intervention of smart school snacks is given towards preschool children’s ability in choosing snacks as well as the increasing degree of preschool children’s ability in choosing healthy snacks which is 65.34%. There was a significant difference about the ability in choosing healthy snacks at preschool children before and after the activity of smart school snacks education with the significance p = 0.000. According to the result, the education of smart school snacks was very important for preschool children to establish their behavior and also to prevent harmful impacts of consuming unhealthy snacks at early stage.

Keywords: Preschool children, smart school snacks education, ability of choosing snacks

88 6th international scholars’ conference 89 Mary Jane Botabara-Yap ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. MARY JANE BOTABARA-YAP IS A DOCTOR OF PUBLIC HEALTH HOLDER AND IS CURRENTLY THE DEPARTMENT CHAIR OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENT IN AUP. SHE GRADUATED BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES (AUP) AND MASTERS IN NURSING IN , AUSTRALIA (KUALA LUMPUR CAMPUS).

Predictors of BMI and WHR among Malaysians of Different Cultural Background Mary Jane Botabara-Yap Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The epidemic of overweight and obesity is encroaching in the world today, irrespective of economic and social status and regions. It is now seen as a public health threat and one that must be taken seriously in all aspects of public health interventions. This study investigates the predictors of overweight and obesity, as measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist-to- hip ratio (WHR) among Malaysians. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 459 samples from those who attended a health screening drive, conducted in three major regions in Peninsular Malaysia. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation as well as multiple regression, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results showed that 56% of the respondents were overweight, the prevalence was highest among Indians (24.6%, 95% CI=20.3, 29.3), followed by Malays (23.2%, 95% CI=21.6, 24.8%) while the lowest prevalence was among the Chinese respondents (8.2%, 95% CI=6.2, 10.6). Smoking (p-value of .000) and physical activity (p value of .023) were predictors for BMI while smoking (p-value of .000) was a predictor of WHR. Findings showed that the problem of overweight and obesity in Malaysia is real and smoking and physical activity play a strong role and need to be considered in any public health interventions.

Keywords: overweight, BMI, WHR, smoking, physical activity

90 6th international scholars’ conference 91 Allied Health

Ruchel Oasan ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

RUCHEL G. OASAN HOLDS A DEGREE IN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS AND A MASTER’S IN PUBLIC HEALTH FROM THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. AT PRESENT, SHE IS AN INSTRUCTOR IN THE NUTRITION AND DIETETICS DEPARTMENT OF THE AUP. AS A LECTURER, SHE HAS SHARED HER KNOWLEDGE IN VARIOUS LOCATIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES AND ABROAD.

Development of Vegetable Marmalade Using Okra’s (Abelmoschus esculentus) Mucilage Blessie Xuxa Fronda, Mariannie Gamboa, John David Zabala and Ruchel Oasan Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Okra, the popular name of the “lady finger” plant, has always been neglected by consumers due to its sliminess. Thus, the study utilized the okra mucilage as a substitute for pectin in producing marmalade. A systematic cooking of ingredients (okra mucilage, pandan, lemon extract, and lemon rind) using the standardized recipe was done in order to come up with a successful product. A serving (15g) of the vegetable marmalade was found to have a nutrient content of 195 kcal, 2.3g protein, 0.5g fat, 45.4 carbohydrates, 203mg calcium, 68mg phosphorus, 1.3mg iron, 29µg vitamin A, 0.1mg thiamin, 0.13mg riboflavin, 1.4mg niacin, and 31 mg vitamin C. The finished product was evaluated by 30 people. Results showed that almost all of the evaluators answered liked the product extremely and very much (70.00%, 79.99%, 60.00%, 53. 34% and 70.00%, for color, taste, texture, aroma, and appearance, respectively). The vegetable marmalade is packed in a sterile jar and can be consumed within two weeks when stored at a room temperature. The raw cost of a serving is PhP5.20, while the selling price per jar is PhP117.12, which is cheaper compared to other marmalade products. Therefore, it is possible to produce marmalade utilizing okra’s mucilage.

Keywords: vegetable marmalade, okra’s mucilage, Abelmoschus esculentus

90 6th international scholars’ conference 91 Kiki Ocktarianti SEKOLAH TINGGI KESEHATAN RAJAWALI

KIKI OCKTARIANTI WAS BORN ON OCTOBER 11, 1995 TO A MUSLIM FAMILY. SHE IS A PROFESSIONAL NURSE THAT STUDIED AT SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN RAJAWALI BANDUNG, INDONESIA. SHE WAS A MEMBER OF THE NURSING STUDENT ASSOCIATION DIVISION OF COMMUNITY SERVICE, SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN RAJAWALI BANDUNG (2015-2016).

Relationship Between Implementation of Discharge Planning and Patient Satisfaction among Adult Inpatients Ocktarianti Kiki1, Istianah, Mokh Sandy Haryanto1 and Albert Manggading Hutapea2 1Sekolah Tinggi Kesehatan Rajawali, 2Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Discharge Planning is a dynamic and systematic process for assessment, preparation, and coordination undertaken to facilitate and monitor health services before and after discharge. The objective of this study was to know the relationship between implementation of discharge planning and patient satisfaction among adult inpatients. The analytical cross sectional approach was used through purposive sampling. The respondents were 78 ward patients. Implementation of discharge planning was measured by 25-question questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha = .98) and patient satisfaction by 20-question questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha = .75). Data was analyzed using Chi-Square to test the level of significance atα = .05. The result of statistical analysis shows that 64.1% of the subjects indicated that the manner of the implementation of the discharge planning is categorized as good, and 71.8 % of the subjects expressed good satisfaction with the result of the program. The correlation of these two variables is 0.541, indicating a strong positive correlation. It is concluded that there is a significant correlation between implementation of discharge planning to inpatient satisfaction. It is recommended for future studies be done on other variables that increases satisfaction in patients.

Keywords: implementation of discharge planning, satisfaction, inpatient adult class III

92 6th international scholars’ conference 93 Allied Health

Dwight Mahaputera Marulitua Hutapea SEKOLAH TINGGI KESEHATAN RAJAWALI

DWIGHT MAHAPUTERA MARULITUA HUTAPEA IS A BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING GRADUATE FROM UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA AND A MASTER OF NUSING SCIENCE HOLDER FROM PRINCE OF SONGKLA UNIVERSITY, HATYAI, THAILAND. HE WORKED DIFFERENT NURSE ROLES BOTH IN OFFICES AND HOSPITALS AND HAS PUBLISHED MANY ARTICLES.

Antihyperglycemic Effect Premna serratifolia L. in Attenuating Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Healthy Subjects When Consumed Simultaneously with Glucose Dwight Mahaputera Marulitua Hutapea1, Rodina Sinaga2 and Albert Manggading Hutapea2 1Sekolah Tinggi Kesehatan Rajawali, 2Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: It is claimed that the leaves of Premna serratifolia L. can control the high blood sugar of diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the antihyperglycemic effect of these leaves among healthy subjects. Glucose tolerance test was used on thirty healthy students selected by purposive sampling. The first experiment was done for the control and the second for the treatment. For each experiment the subjects fasted for 8-10 hours in the evening prior to each experiment. For the control group, the subjects were first checked for fasting blood glucose, then given the standard 75 g of food grade D-glucose monohydrate. Blood glucose was checked at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes postprandial. The same protocol was done for the treatment experiment except that the glucose was consumed with gel of blenderized 100g Premna serratifolia L. leaves. Statistical analysis showed that blood glucose was not changed significantly at 30 min p( = 0.585), but was attenuated significantly at 60 min (p = 0.017), 90 min (p = 0.001), and 120 min (p = 0.000) It is concluded that gel of Premna serratifolia L. leaves.can be used to attenuate postprandial hyperglycemia. It is recommended that the same study be done on diabetic patients.

Keywords: green cincau, Premina serratifolia L., antihyperglycemia, postprandial blood glucoseTop of Form

92 6th international scholars’ conference 93 Dina D. Galang ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DINA D. GALANG IS A REGISTERED NURSE AND A DOCTOR OF PUBLIC HEALTH WHO CURRENTLY CHAIRS THE MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NURSING AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Adherence to Self-Management among Diabetics Danica Arianne T. Pulido and Dina D. Galang Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This quasi-experimental study investigated the effects of client education with telephone follow-up on adherence to self-management among diabetics. Purposive sampling was utilized to choose the 79 participants of the study, and was divided into control and experimental group through cast lots. At pre-test, both the control and experimental groups have moderate adherence to blood glucose monitoring practices, medication management, and foot care practices, while fasting blood glucose was high. At post-test, the experimental group adherence to medication management and foot care practices was high, while blood glucose monitoring practices remained moderate, and fasting blood glucose was still high. There was no significant difference in the pre- test adherence level to self-management among the control and experimental group in terms of blood glucose monitoring practices, fasting blood glucose, medication management, and foot care practices. There was a significant difference in the pre-and-post-test adherence to self-management among the control and experimental group; however, in the control group, medication management is not significant. There was significant difference in the gain score in terms of blood glucose monitoring, medication management, and foot care practices between the control group and the experimental group. Those who are female, younger, and diagnosed to have diabetes for less than five years are more adherent to self-management.

Keywords: self-management, diabetes, medication management

94 6th international scholars’ conference 95 Allied Health

Monica Elsyia SEKOLAH TINGGI KESEHATAN RAJAWALI

Effectiveness of Aromateraphy as an Intervention for Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review Monica Elsyia1, Sifa Nursopa1, Sri Rosalina1, Dwight Mahaputera Marulitua Hutapea1 and Albert Manggading Hutapea2 1Sekolah Tinggi Kesehatan Rajawali, 2Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Dysmenorrhea is not a disease, but it is a common problem that makes adolescent and adult women feel uncomfortable during menstruation which this can interfere with their daily life activities. Aromatherapy using essential oils has been commonly used for reduction of stress and anxiety and pain management. A systematic review was conducted on a publication from December 2012 to January 2018 in the International and Indonesian databases. The search terms used were aromatherapy or aroma and Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain. Research was performed using Science Direct, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. A total of 20 articles were reviewed and analyzed for this study. A total of 20 studies showed that aromatherapy is significantly effective in reducing and eliminating dysmenorrhea, where this nonpharmacological aromatherapy massage and inhalations were found to be more effective in reducing dysmenorrhea than placebo massage. Analysis showed that aromatherapy intervention methods using essential oils (lavender, clary sage, rose, jasmine, ginger) can significantly reduce primary dysmenorrhea.

Keywords: aromatherapy, dysmenorrhea, menstrual pain

94 6th international scholars’ conference 95 Jarurat Sriratanaprapat ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. JARURAT SRIRATANAPRAPAT IS A DEAN OF MISSION FACULTY OF NURSING, AIU. HER FNP PROFESSION BROUGHT HER THE TITLE “EMPLOYEE OF THE YEAR” AND HER PHD WAS COMPLETED WITH EXCELLENCE. SHE HAS CONDUCTED A WIDE SCOPE OF RESEARCH IN NURSING. SHE OFTEN ESCAPES REALITY BY SUBMERGING HERSELF UNDERWATER THROUGH SCUBA DIVING.

Adjustment of First and Second Year Nursing Students, Mission Faculty of Nursing, Asia-Pacific International University Jarurat Sriratanaprapat and Prayadsri Theurnsiri Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: On average, nursing students resigned 6.9% in the past 5 years. No study conducted in non-profit, religious based university. This research aimed to study the adjustment level of nursing students and their adjustment differentiated by age and CGPA. Havighurst Theory as fundamental of adjustment was discussed. One hundred sixty-one purposive samples were selected. The instrument was adopted with acceptable validity and reliability. One sample t-test was performed and result showed mean total adjustment score (3.89 ± 0.41) which is higher than set norm adjustment score, a statistically significant difference of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.83-0.96), t (160) = 27.74, p = .000. Independent t-test was done and result revealed no significant difference in the adjustment score for 18-20 years old (M=3.89, SD=.42) and 21-23 years old (M=3.93, SD=.40); t (151) =-.42, p = 0.68. Lastly, one-way ANOVA was executed and found no significant effect of CGPA on adjustment score at the p < .05 level [F (4.148) = 1.34, p = 0.26]. Overall, students’ adjustment is at high level and their age including CGPA has no effect on the adjustment. Others can learn how they adjust and other factors like income or passion in nursing should be explored.

Keywords: adjustment, nursing students

96 6th international scholars’ conference 97 Allied Health

Beryl Ben C. Mergal ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. BERYL BEN C. MERGAL, RN IS AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE SERVES AS A RESEARCH CONSULTANT AT THE RESEARCH OFFICE WHILE ALSO SERVING AS THE CHAIR OF THE ETHICS REVIEW BOARD. HE ALSO TEACHES IN THE COLLEGE OF NURSING BOTH IN THE GRADUATE AND UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM OF THE UNIVERSITY. HE HOLDS A DOCTORATE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN NURSING, MAJOR IN NURSING ADMINISTRATION FROM THE OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY.

The Dengvaxia Issue: Its Influence on Mothers’ Perception on Child Vaccination Zen Sian Lun, Jan Lenard Dorado, Wang Xue Qian, Beryl Ben C. Mergal, Narcar Hernandez Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Dengue has been endemic in several countries worldwide. It is reported that millions are infected with the disease yearly, causing thousands of deaths. The Dengvaxia issue occurred when Sanofi Pasteur announced that the vaccine, which has been administered to grade-schoolers in the Philippines, can only be effective for those who have been previously infected with dengue. It has also been reported that the immunization program of the Philippines has been experiencing a decrease in the immunization rate. The study aimed to look into the influence of the Dengvaxia issue on mothers’ perceptions on child vaccination. This study employed a qualitative phenomenological research design. To recruit for participants, a purposive sampling method and snowball sampling methods were utilized to select 11 participants. A validated semi- structured questionnaire was used for the interview. Participants included mothers of children ages 0-24 months who have knowledge of the Dengvaxia issue. The data gathered were then analyzed using standardized methods. The findings of the study revealed that on the Dengvaxia issue, the themes were fear, empathy, and anger. On the mother’s perception towards vaccination, the themes were protection and giving up authority. Also, in terms of the influence of Dengvaxia Issue on child vaccination, identified themes were vaccine confidence and vaccine hesitancy. Furthermore, the study also revealed that nine out of the 11 mothers are still in favor of their children being vaccinated. It was therefore recommended that nurses must do continuous health education about the positive effects of immunizations in the community.

Keywords: dengue, Dengvaxia issue, child vaccination

96 6th international scholars’ conference 97 Andreas Rantepadang UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

ANDREAS RANTEPADANG IS A TEACHER AT THE NURSING DEPARTMENT OF KLABAT UNIVERSITY. HE WAS BORN IN TORAJA IN 1984, MARRIED AND WITH TWO DAUGHTERS. HE GOT HIS BACHELOR IN NURSING DEGREE AT KLABAT UNIVERSITY IN 2010 AND MASTER IN NURSING AT SINT CAROLUS IN 2016. HE STARTED AS INTERN TEACHER IN NURSING DEPARTMENT AT KLABAT UNIVERSITY IN 2010 AND BECAME A TEACHER STAFF IN 2017.

The Relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Blood Pressure to Patient at Manado Adventist Hospital Andreas Rantepadang and Apriyani Repriance Rame Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Body mass index (BMI) is the ratio for body mass to height in quadrant and usually used as general health indicator. Over in body mass index like obesity is the factor that influences the blood pressure. The goal of this research was to know the relationship of body mass index and the blood pressure at Manado Adventist Hospital. Design of the research used was observational analytic trough cross section approach. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The amount of samples was 85 respondents comprising of 43 men and 42 women. 40 respondents (47.1%) are obese, 12 (14.1%) are overweight, and 33 (38.8%) are normal. Twenty-nine (34.1%) got systolic blood pressure at pre-hypertension or level 1. Based on diastolic pressure, 31 people (36.5%) are classified at hypertension level 1. Result of spearmen correlation statistic showed the significant relationship between body mass index and blood pressure with p value = 0.000<0.05. Coefficient correlation amount is 0.519 for systolic pressure and 0.446 for diastolic pressure that indicates the medium relationship for both variables. The researchers recommend keeping the body mass index normal so the blood pressure will be normal too.

Keywords: BMI, blood pressure, obesity

98 6th international scholars’ conference 99 Allied Health

Gladys Mae Laborde ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

GLADYS MAE R. LABORDE, RND, MPH, DRPH CANDIDATE, A MOTHER OF TWO BOYS AND AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS DEPARTMENT AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES WHERE SHE TAKES HIS POSTGRADUATE DEGREE IN PUBLIC HEALTH. SHE WORKED IN THE ACADEME SINCE 2004. SHE EARNED HER B.S. IN NUTRITION FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOS BAÑOS. SHE IS AN ADVOCATE OF FOOD SAFETY AND NON- COMMUNICABLE DISEASES PREVENTION.

Development of Power Vegan Cupcake Johnson Llagas, John Jayson Datoy, Patricia Dela Cerna, Gladys Mae Laborde Miriam Estrada, Maribel Balagtas, and Ruchel Oasan Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The objective of this study was to develop a healthy eating on the go for busy people. The Power Vegan Cupcake is a plant-based, nutrient-dense product, and is made from local plant-based ingredients. Saluyot and soymilk were used as replacements for egg and milk. Brown rice flour, muscuvado, banana, raisins, and peanuts made the cupcake a complete food. The dry ingredients were sifted and mixed. Saluyot and pandan leaves were boiled for 15 minutes and then cooled, blended, and strained. The saluyot puree and pandan juice were then mixed with the dry ingredients, soy milk, and vanilla. The batter was mixed, and raisins and banana were added. The batter was baked in an oven for 25 minutes at 200°C. Each Power Vegan Cupcake (70g) contained 41.7g of carbohydrates, 4.7g of protein, and 3.12g of fat for a total calorie content of 198.4kcal. It also contained 28.75ug of Vitamin A, 2.4mg of Vitamin C, 50.6mg of calcium, 1.5mg of iron, 0.17mg of thiamin, 0.19mg of riboflavin, 2.93mg of niacin, and 98.7mg of phosphorus. The product was found to contain a higher amount of carbohydrates, protein, and micronutrients compared to regular cupcakes on the market. Thirty respondents, ages 18-29, evaluated the product. The results showed a rating of like very much from 63%, 53%, and 50% of the evaluators in terms of appearance, texture, and taste, respectively. Advance development of saluyot as egg substitute for strict vegetarian foods is recommended.

Keywords: vegan, cupcake, product development

98 6th international scholars’ conference 99 Rona Beth S. Saban ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

RONA BETH S. SABAN IS A FULL-TIME CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES –COLLEGE OF NURSING, SINCE 2007. SHE RECEIVED HER MASTER OF ARTS IN NURSING DEGREE FROM THE PHILIPPINE WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY.

Social and Spiritual Determinants of Mental Health among Persons Deprived of Liberty: A Basis for Program Development Gia Zonuel G. Ilagan, Karen Ann D. Quidilla, Diana A. Elkanah, and Rona Beth S. Saban Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Issues on mental health among Persons Deprived of Liberty [PDL] are seen but mostly are not recognized in the Philippines. This study aimed to determine the social and spiritual determinants of mental health among PDLs. Self-esteem, aggressiveness, and outlook are considered the dimensions of mental health in this study. This research was also conducted to establish the predictors of mental health among the respondents. A descriptive correlational research design was utilized. Through convenience sampling, 143 PDLs from a jail institution in Region IV-A were selected. A self-constructed questionnaire which had undergone validation and reliability testing was used. Data gathered were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and linear regression. The study revealed that the respondents have high levels of social and spiritual determinants, high levels of self-esteem, positive outlook, and low levels of aggression. Aggressiveness and outlook are significantly related to social and spiritual determinants, while self- esteem is not significantly related to both determinants. Furthermore, gender is significantly related to self-esteem and the outlook of the respondents; age has a significant relationship with aggressiveness; and the length of imprisonment has no significant relationship with all dimensions of mental health. Predictors for each mental health dimension were also determined. The gender of the respondents was the only predictor for self-esteem; social determinant and the age of the respondents were the predictors for aggressiveness. Also, the spirituality of the respondents was the only predictor for their outlook. A proposed program was made based on the results of the study. This program, if implemented, aims to enhance the promotion of mental health among Persons Deprived of Liberty.

Keywords: psychosocial health, self-esteem, aggressiveness, outlook, inmates

100 6th international scholars’ conference 101 Allied Health

Yunus Elon UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

Differences in Blood Pressure of Active Smokers and Non-Smokers Before and After Playing Futsal Yunus Elon, Darius Kore Universitas Advent Indonesia Abstract: Smoking is a bad habit that greatly affects the health of a person who either exercises regularly or who does not exercise. This study was conducted to determine the differences in blood pressure of smokers and non- smokers before and after playing futsal. The study utilized quasi experimental design. Purposive sampling technique was used to ensure that the pasrticipants met the criteria of the study. Active smokers group as well as non-smokers groups consisted of 20 participants. Both groups showed a normal blood pressure before playing futsal, while after playing the blood pressure increased. T-test result showed a significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the smokers and non-smokers’ group after playing futsal, p value < .05. While diastolic blood presure between groups was not significantly different. The sistolic blood pressure of participants in the smokers group was higher than participants in the non–smokers group after playing futsal.

Keywords: active smokers, non-smokers, futsal, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure

100 6th international scholars’ conference 101 Maria Carmela Lacsa Domocmat MANILA ADVENTIST COLLEGE

MARIA CARMELA LACSA DOMOCMAT SERVES AS THE CENTER FOR ASSESSMENT AND RESEARCH COORDINATOR AT MANILA ADVENTIST COLLEGE. SHE DID HER BS NURSING AT NORTHERN LUZON ADVENTIST COLLEGE, MS NURSING AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, AND PHD IN NURSING AT SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY, BAGUIO CITY. SHE HAS PUBLICATIONS IN BOTH NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALS. SHE IS MARRIED TO A PASTOR AND THEY HAVE THREE CHILDREN.

The Self-image of Filipino Nurses Maria Carmela L. Domocmat\ Manila Adventist College

Abstract: Image is an essential factor in the development of the nursing profession. It may have an impact on nursing workload, resource allocation to nursing, salaries available to nurses, recruitment of students, and public trust and funding for research. This paper determined the self- image of Filipino nurses in Region I, Philippines. Mixed-methods convergent parallel research design was employed. The quantitative data has undergone statistical analysis (i.e., Mean) while the qualitative data were transcribed, coded, and themes were subsequently developed. The quantitative part determined the extent of self- image of nurses using the Porter Nursing Image Scale. A convenience sample of 1,125 nurses currently employed in Region 1 Philippines was employed to determine their self-image. On the qualitative section, 23 purposively sampled nurses from three employment settings (i.e., hospital, public health, and academe) were interviewed using semi-structured questions. The quantitative aspect revealed that the overall self-image of nurses is extremely positive. Out of the 22 characteristics that described the self-image of nurses, the nurses highly rated themselves in 19 items and it is interpreted as extremely positive image. The five qualities that were found to be the image most commonly manifested are respectful, compassionate, responsible, nurturing, and professional. Nurses, however, rated themselves lower in being powerful, bold and follower which is interpreted as positive image. In the qualitative aspect, nurses gave additional descriptions of their image. These include being spiritual, self-fulfilled, and modern-day hero. The findings have implications on policy development and implementation, nursing ethics, and recruitment and retention.

Keywords: self-image, nurses, Filipino, Philippines, nurses’ image

102 6th international scholars’ conference 103 Allied Health

Evelin Malinti UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

EVELIN MALINTI IS A LECTURER AT THE NURSING FACULTY OF UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA. SHE FINISHED HER MSN IN ADULT HEALTH NURSING DEGREE FROM ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN 2015 AND BSN FROM UNIVERSITAS ADVENT ADVENT INDONESIA IN 2003. SINCE 2003, SHE HAS BEEN A CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR AND TEACHER TO NURSING STUDENTS. THE COURSES SHE HAS TAUGHT INCLUDE FUNDAMENTAL OF NURSING, CARDIOVASCULAR NURSING, RESPIRATION NURSING, AND NEURO-BEHAVIOUR NURSING.

Effect of Warm Compress on Body Temperature of Adult Patients with Fever Evelin Malinti and Kristanto S. S. Min Dala Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Fever is a commonly occurring health problem. One of the independent nursing interventions for the treatment of fever is the application of warm compress. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of warm compress on body temperature of adult patients with increased body temperature. The method used in this study is pre-experiment with one group pre-test and post-test design. A total of 20 adult patients with fever became respondents in this study. Warm compress was applied for 10 minutes, using a washcloth soaked in warm water at 37.5 °C, on the forehead and both axilla. The washcloth is replaced three times or every three minutes. The results showed that the average body temperature of the respondents before applying warm compress was at 38.39 °C and the average body temperature after applying warm compress was at 37.88 °C. The paired t-test results showed p value <.05, with large effect size (d > .8). This suggests that warm compress on forehead and axilla applied on adult patients with fever is effective to lower the body temperature.

Keywords: fever, warm compress, body temperature

102 6th international scholars’ conference 103 Novita Verayanti Manalu UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MRS. NOVITA VERAYANTI MANALU IS A MASTER OF ART IN NURSING HOLDER FROM PHILLIPINE WOMAN’S UNIVERSITY IN MANILA. CURRENTLY, SHE IS A LECTURER AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HER RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE NURSING WOUND CARE AND HYPNOTHERAPY IN NURSING CARE.

The Role of Nurses on Patient Compliance with Fluid Intake Restrictions during Interhemodialis Novita Verayanti Manalu and Ernawaty Siagian Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: The incidence of chronic renal failure over the past ten years is increasing and hundreds of thousands of people are undergoing hemodialysis. Non-compliance has a very apprehensive effect as it affects the occurrence of acute and chronic complications. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between nursing roles and patient compliance with fluid intake restrictions. It identified the distribution of the nurse’s role, the patient’s compliance with fluid intake restriction based on changes in body weight inter-hemodialysis and the relation between the nurse’s role with client compliance with fluid intake restriction, based on patient’s weight change. The population were 90 patients who underwent hemodialysis over one year. The descriptive correlation design was used; the instrument used a questionnaire consisting of 22 questions. Weight was measured after hemodialysis and before the next hemodialysis. The data analysis used univariate analysis for the role of nurse and patient compliance in limiting fluid intake and bivariate analysis to determine the Pearson Product Moment correlation between nurse role and patient compliance. The results showed that overall, nurses always performed their role as nurse care provider, educator, consultant and collaboration, with a percentage of 56.3%.Compliance variable showed that patient obedience in limiting fluid intake was 58.9%, with mild gain weight. Pearson correlation test results obtained a p value of p = 0.000 and r of 0.773 which means there is a significant relationship between the role of nurses with patient compliance to limitation of fluid intake.

Keywords: role of the nurse, limitation of patient’s fluid intake

104 6th international scholars’ conference 105 Allied Health

April Sodusta Yabut ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

APRIL SODUSTA YABUT IS AN EXPERIENCED REGISTERED NURSE WITH A DEMONSTRATED HISTORY OF HOME HEALTH AND THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY. SHE COMPLETED THE END-OF-LIFE NURSING EDUCATION CONSORTIUM (ELNEC) ON DELIVERING QUALITY CARE AT END-STAGE. SHE HAS A MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NURSING (MSN) FOCUSED ON ADULT HEALTH NURSING FROM AUP.

Correlates and Demographic Differences on Nurses’ Awareness and Preparedness on Palliative Care to End-of-Life Care Practices: Basis for an Intervention Program April Sodusta Yabut and Jacqueline Guerra-Polancos Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Studies have shown that the Philippines has less emphasis on supplying quality palliative care and that end-of-life care is inadequate and limited. This study explored the relationship and demographic differences in awareness, and preparedness on palliative care and practices towards end-of-life care among hospital nurses. The descriptive-correlation design was utilized in this study. Respondents were 381 hospital nurses from 17 different hospitals from eight different regions. A conceptualized self-constructed questionnaire from literature was developed and used in gathering the data. Results of the analysis showed that nurses have very high (M=3.50, SD =0.33) awareness but only have a high (M=3.47, SD=0.34) level of preparedness in palliative care. Whereas, end-of-life care practices as to psycho-spiritual (M=3.92, SD =0.50), socio- cultural (M=4.11, SD =0.56), physical (M=4.44, SD =4.44), and coordination (M=4.35, SD=0.50) are all often practiced. Correlation analysis revealed that both awareness and preparedness on palliative are positively, and significantly correlated with their end-of-life care practices (p=0.00; p=0.00). There were no significant differences found in end-of-life care practices considering age, gender, marital status, years of clinical experience, and unit of assignment of the nurses. Moreover, only preparedness came out as significant predictor of all the dimensions of practices (R2=0.18, p=0.00; R2=0.16, p=0.00; R2=0.12, p=0.00; R2=0.13, p=0.00) It is recommended that a further study that will consider other factors in examining the relationship and differences between the variables be conducted.

Keywords: palliative care, end-of-life practices, nurses preparedness on palliative care

104 6th international scholars’ conference 105 Jennalyn A. Dela Cruz

JENNALYN A. DELA CRUZ WAS BORN ON JANUARY 19, 1997 IN STA. ROSA, LAGUNA. SHE FINISHED HER PRIMARY SCHOOL AT PHILIPPINE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABHA, KSA; HER SECONDARY SCHOOL AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM-LAGUNA; AND HER BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN THE SAME INSTITUTION. SHE IS A FRESH COLLEGE GRADUATE.

Caring Agent for the Call: The Lived Experience of Nurses as Call Center Agents Jennalyn A Dela Cruz, Bianca Louise C. Casis, Diana O. Castillo, Tricia Adrienne C. Cruz, Gileen Joyce D. Doria, Cathlaine Raye Gwyneth A. Gensaya, Raven Jeffsey B.Itable, Dejie M. Rusiana, Ma. Xenia Z. Bitera and Estrella A. San Juan University of Perpetual Help System-Laguna

Abstract: A number of registered nurses are working as call center agents instead of practicing their profession. This phenomenological inquiry aimed to understand and provide perspective on the lived experience of seven registered nurses, who worked as a call center agent for at least two years. Through intensive recorded interviews, the responses were initially clustered in ten. The initial five clusters were categorized into textural themes such a) ceasing opportunities vs chasing pavements; b) learning to adjust; c) deception and false images: seeing from inside out; d) reflection on the derailed career path ; e) self-fulfillment in the chosen path. The final five clusters were categorized into structural theme such as f) making ends meet; becoming the breadwinner; g) change vs tradition; h) gaining strength through challenges; i) eyes on the patient, ears on the phone; j) vulnerability of the strong. In conclusion, the lived experience of nurses working as call center agents provided self-fulfillment, through financial stability that enable them to provide for their family, personality and career growth, and the benefits received. They cope with the challenges encountered on this job by being competitive and having a strong personality, though two of the participants resorted to vices.

Keywords: nurse, call center, experience

106 6th international scholars’ conference 107 Allied Health

Ailine Yoan Sanger UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

AILINE YOAN SANGER FINISHED BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING (2011) AND MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NURSING (2014) AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE HAS BEEN WORKING IN UNIVERSITAS KLABAT SINCE 2014.

Nursing Student’s Attitude Toward Care for the Dying Ailine Yoan Sanger Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Dying and death are experiences that are painful for the ones experiencing it and their loved ones caring for them. Nurses are frequently exposed to the care of death and dying patients. This experience often gives rise to their level of anxiety and undesired attitudes that reflect on the quality of care they give to the patients. It is a challenge for nurses to care for dying patients and this has raised a special interest in the recent years. This descriptive- comparative study was conducted to determine the attitude of student nurses towards the care for the dying, with an adapted instrument from the Frommelt Attitude toward Care of the Dying (FATCOD) with the reliability score of .81. The respondents who participated in this study were 98 nursing students, where the majority was female (75%). Convenience sampling method was used to gather the data. Findings of this study showed a mean of 4.16, indicating that majority of the nursing students has a positive attitude towards care for dying patients. There are no significant differences in the nursing students’ attitudes when exposure to dying patients is considered (p = 0.99). This indicated that whether they are exposed to the dying patient or not, they all have positive attitude in taking care of the terminally ill patient. It is important for the school to keep such positive attitude of the students and prepare them in taking care of dying patients.

Keywords: attitude, care of dying, student nurses

106 6th international scholars’ conference 107 Christine Bayona ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

CHRISTINE BAYONA IS A YOUNG PROFESSIONAL WITH AN UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE IN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS FROM THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE IS A REGISTERED NUTRITIONIST-DIETITIAN. SHE BELIEVES THAT THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTHY PRODUCTS MUST BE USED TO PROMOTE HEALTH AND PREVENT DISEASE RATHER THAN A THERAPY.

Development and Evaluation of Instant Cookie Mix from Banana Peel and Malunggay Christine Bayona, Esther Melody Faith Ganal, and Ruchel Oasan Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This study was conducted to utilize banana peel and malunggay in the development of an instant cookie mix. Using a multi-commodity heat pump dryer, the banana peel and malunggay were dehydrated for 15 and 5 hours, respectively. The ingredients were then powdered and mixed with other ingredients: flour, sugar, flaxseed, baking soda, and butter. Each tablespoon of batter was molded into a flat round shape then baked at 375ºF for 18 minutes. One pack of the instant cookie mix (262 grams) was found to have 288 kcal, 3.5 grams protein, 10.53 grams fat, 45.6 grams carbohydrates, 75 mg of calcium, 44 mg phosphorus, 1.5 mg iron, 86 µg vitamin A, 0.04 mg thiamine, 0.06 mg riboflavin, 1.8 mg niacin, and 8 mg vitamin C. The product was generally liked by all levels (elementary, high school, and college). The cookie mix is stored inside a grip seal bag stand-up pouch with aluminum foil, which will last approximately one month. The raw cost of one pack is PhP35.98 or PhP2.99 per cookie. The selling price of one pack is PhP57.57, cheaper compared to other cookie mixes. The utilization of banana peel and malunggay for vegan cookie mix exhibits innovation in food technology.

Keywords: instant cookie mix, banana peel, malunggay

108 6th international scholars’ conference 109 Allied Health

Nilawati Soputri UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MRS. NILAWATI SOPUTRI IS A DOCTOR OF EDUCATION HOLDER FROM ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES UNIVERSITY IN SILANG, CAVITE, PHILIPPINES. CURRENTLY, SHE IS A LECTURER AND SECRETARY OF THE BOARD AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HER RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE NURSING STUDIES.

Four Alternative Therapies to Relieve Dysmenorrhea: Comparison Between Dysmenorrhea Exercises, Jogging, Massage, and Music Therapy Nilawati Soputri, Sabatini Kitnasari Kana Wadu, and Ayu Nathania Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Dysmenorrhea is a pain that occurs before or during menstruation. The pain is generally felt in the lower abdomen and can spread to the hips and thighs with intensity ranging from mild to uncontrolled pain. Often women who experience dysmenorrhea cannot even perform daily activities. This study aims to compare four natural ways to ease dysmenorrhea. Sixty students at a in Indonesia who are constantly experiencing dysmenorrhea every month at the time of their menstruation were voluntary involved in this study. They were divided into four groups: 15 students did dysmenorrhea exercise, 15 students did jogging, 15 students underwent massage therapy, and 15 students underwent music therapy. The 60 research samples did not take pain killers or use other methods to relieve pain. The instrument used to measure pain before and after intervention is a numerical rating scale with a scale of 0 for painless to 10 for uncontrolled pain. The results showed that the average value of pain before dysmenorrhea exercise is 4.47 and after exercise is 1.47 (z = -3.69, p = 0.00 < α = 0.005). The average value of pain before the jogging is 4.47 and after jogging is 1.93 (z = -3.51, p = 0.00 < α = 0.005). For the massage group, the average of pain before treatment is 4.67 and after therapy to 1.2 (z = -3.22, p = 0.00 < α = 0.005). Average pain scale for music therapy before intervention is 4.13 and after therapy to 2.67 (z = -3.04, p = 0.00 < α = 0.005). There is a statistically significant difference between the study groups by using one-way ANOVA (F = 2.289, p = 0.43). A Tukey post Hoc test revealed that only the massage group (3.47 ) is statistically more effective in relieving dysmenorrhea than jogging (2.53 . Multiple comparisons between the other groups don’t show any significant difference to relieve dysmenorrhea.

Keywords: Dysmenorrhea, exercise, jogging, massage, music therapy

108 6th international scholars’ conference 109 Evelin Malinti UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

EVELIN MALINTI IS A LECTURER AT THE NURSING FACULTY OF UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA. SHE FINISHED HER MSN IN ADULT HEALTH NURSING DEGREE FROM ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN 2015 AND BSN FROM UNIVERSITAS ADVENT ADVENT INDONESIA IN 2003. SINCE 2003, SHE HAS BEEN A CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR AND TEACHER TO NURSING STUDENTS. THE COURSES SHE HAS TAUGHT INCLUDE FUNDAMENTAL OF NURSING, CARDIOVASCULAR NURSING, RESPIRATION NURSING, AND NEURO-BEHAVIOUR NURSING.

Body Weight and Blood Pressure of Young Adult Women in Universitas Advent Indonesia Evelin Malinti and Firdawati Lola Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: The number of people in the world with high blood pressure is on the rise, and the incidence rates among young women are increasing. One of the risk factors of elevated blood pressure is obesity. This study aimed to determine the differences in blood pressure between young adult women with normal body weight and overweight at the Universitas Advent Indonesia. The research design used in this study is descriptive analysis. A total of 224 respondents participated in the study that consisted of 112 respondents with the category of normal weight and 112 respondents with the category of overweight. The blood pressures of all respondents are measured in the morning before breakfast. The results showed that the group of participants with normal weight and the group of participants with overweight category had normal range systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The results on both systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups showed significant differences (p <.05). This study proves that body weight affects blood pressure in young age women.

Keywords: blood pressure, normal body weight, overweight

110 6th international scholars’ conference 111 Allied Health

James J. Watopa UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

JAMES J. WATOPA WAS A PASTOR IN PAPUAN PROVINCE FOR 10 YEARS BEFORE HE WAS CALLED TO WORK AS A THEOLOGY LECTURER IN UNIVERSITAS KLABAT IN 2004. HE FINISHED HIS GRADUATE STUDIES IN ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF PHILIPPINES IN 2015. MOST OF HIS WRITINGS ARE BASED ON HIS INTEREST IN PAPUAN CULTURE.

Betel Nut Chewing Behavior among Adolescents in Papua Province, Indonesia James J. Watopa Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Chewing betel nuts is a Papuan tradition that has been passed down from generation to generation, and is widely accepted in Papuan community. However, betel nut contains a psychotropic substance called arecoline, which is a stimulant with a similar effect to that of nicotine. In this study, it was found that the group age of 17 to 29 is significant (0.0) in consuming betel nut compared to other group ages. This study used the descriptive cross-sectional method. The objective of this study is to find what dominant factors exist regarding the betel nut chewing behavior among adolescents in Papua province. Data were taken from 293 respondents from eight different high schools in Papua and were used as a sample for this study. One dominant factor influencing high school students in chewing betel nuts was the cultural factor (mean 2.81). This study also considered the habits of eating betel nuts based on level of education, religion, and tribe. In addition, there is a significant difference (0.0) between participants from SDA and non-SDA schools in terms of chewing betel nuts. This study will help young people in Papua province to be informed about the negative effects of chewing betel nuts on health and social life.

Keywords: Areca nut, oral health, social networking

110 6th international scholars’ conference 111 Susy A. Jael ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

SUSY A. JAEL, PHD, RN IS THE DEAN OF THE COLLEGE OF NURSING AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES SINCE 2008 AND A NURSE EDUCATOR FOR 23 YEARS. SHE IS AN APPOINTED MEMBER OF THE ACCREDITING TEAM OF THE ASSOCIATION OF CHRISTIAN SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, UNIVERSITIES ACCREDITING AGENCY, INC., AND SERVED AS APPOINTED MEMBER OF THE COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION REGIONAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT TEAM. BOTH HER BSN AND MSN WERE COMPLETED AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, AND HER PH.D IN NURSING AT LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY, CALIFORNIA, USA.

Clinical Experiences of Nursing Students: A Qualitative Study Vivien Louise Estapon, Rosy Lalawmpuii, Jahziel Manzano, and Susy A. Jael Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Clinical learning is a vital component of nursing education that takes place in a complex environment and has challenges that are not present in the classroom setting. Research studies have been done to determine strategies that promote students’ learning in the classroom; however, student nurses’ experiences to explore the factors that promote and inhibit their learning in the clinical area have rarely been studied. A qualitative-phenomenological research design was used and data were collected from 23 Filipino nursing students selected through purposive sampling. A semi-structured interview guide was used in conducting the one-on-one face-to-face interview. Data gathered were analyzed and interpreted following Collaizi’s method using a thematic framework approach. Seven main themes emerged from the data. From the participants’ experiences, support (support from the clinical instructors, staff nurses, and doctors), hands-on experience (performance of skills in the classroom and actual performance of skills in the clinical area), and classroom concepts, were considered as the factors that promote their learning in the clinical area. On the other hand, lack of information (lack of orientation and lack of knowledge), lack of self-confidence (mistakes, anxiety, and nervousness), lack of support (doctors/clinical instructors’ attitude and clinical instructors competence), academic overload (insufficient time and too much requirements) were considered as the factors that inhibit their learning in the clinical area.

Keywords: clinical learning, hands-on experience, classroom concepts

112 6th international scholars’ conference 113 Allied Health

Worawalun Bunluesup ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

WORAWALUN BUNLUESUP HAS BEEN SERVING AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SINCE 2016 AS A FACULTY OF NURSING. SHE IS AN INSTRUCTOR IN PEDIATRIC NURSING DEPARTMENT. HER INTEREST IS EDUCATION RESEARCH; THEREFORE, IN THIS CONFERENCE SHE WOULD LIKE TO PRESENT THE STUDY ABOUT STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAM.

The Result of Stress Management Program in Freshman Nursing Students, Asia-Pacific International University Worawalun Bunluesup, Orapen Pongklum, Pannee Pakluck and, and Tunyawan Khuttamasoon Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: This quasi-experimental research aimed to study stress level and the result of stress management program of freshmen nursing students. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 60 freshmen nursing students. They are divided equally into control group and intervention group. Stress management program was developed by investigators and implemented in the intervention group for 3 weeks. Stress level was assessed in both groups before and after the implementation in the intervention group by using Suanprung Stress Test-20 which is a standardized test with Cronbach’s Alpha of .87. Descriptive and Independent t-test were performed in statistical analysis. The results revealed that high level of stress in both groups (p < .05) before the intervention. However, the stress level of freshmen students who receive stress management program in the intervention group decreases (t = 2.20, p < .05). These findings suggest that instructors and administrators should develop and promote mental health activities for nursing students.

Keywords: stress management program, stress, nursing students

112 6th international scholars’ conference 113 Mercy N. Buhia ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Gender Differences Towards Dental Health Knowledge, Attitude and Utilization of Dental Care Mercy N. Buhia and Ruben T. Carpizo Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Understanding the effect of gender on oral health would facilitate the development of successful attitude and behavior modification approach towards sustainable oral health. This study assessed the behavior, knowledge, rate, and pattern of dental service utilization of the students and workers of Adventist University of the Philippines (AUP). It also tested the widely documented hypothesis that women have better oral health behavior, oral hygiene, and periodontal status but higher dental caries rates than men. Further, it determined what dental procedure is mostly utilized by the patients. The data were based on annual dental records of AUP Dental Department and oral interviews. From the dental record of the year 2017, a total of 2,472 patients visited the dental clinic for the following procedures: oral prophylaxis (40%), tooth extraction (13%), tooth restoration (14%), prosthodontics (7%) and orthodontics (25%). Among the dental procedures, women are always higher in number compared to men. In terms of gender, 960 or 39% of men and 1,512 or 69% of women visited the clinic revealing that women have dental visits more often than men. Oral prophylaxis and orthodontic are two of the most availed dental procedure while prosthodontics is the least. Despite AUP Clinic’s promotion for health care and health care services, dental health care utilization remains very low relating to the whole university population. Women are more concerned with oral health than men, contrary to other researches that males have higher oral health knowledge score than females. Gender differences have no significance in terms of dental care utilization. Participants’ oral health knowledge is at least average and they showed positive attitude towards dental treatment. It is recommended that more oral or dental health campaign be done; utilization of dental service fee among students be promoted; and the importance of oral health be taught.

Keywords: gender difference, dental health knowledge, attitude, utilization

114 6th international scholars’ conference 115 Allied Health

Angel Grace F. Bingcang ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. ANGEL GRACE F. BINGCANG, RN, MSN IS THE CHAIR OF THE COLLEGE OF NURSING LEVEL III AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Nursing Students’ Stigma on Mental Hospital Exposure: A Phenomenological Study Kathleen Jose G. Balajadia, Christine C. Carlos, Dawnald Russel L. De la Cruz and Angel Grace F. Bingcang Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Exposure to mentally ill clients is challenging because of the fear attached to it. Oftentimes, the mentally ill are viewed as dangerous, unpredictable, and bizarre, which brings fear to other individuals, including health professionals. Professional care providers suffer from common fears and apprehension upon contact with the patient. Professional stigma, which refers to the nursing students’ fears towards exposure to mentally ill patients, was explored in this study. The study utilized a phenomenological research design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among ten nursing students from a university in Cavite and triangulation of the data using interviews with clinical instructors and blockmates was employed. Thematic analysis was done using Colaizzi’s approach. Findings showed that mental illness was considered as a poor coping mechanism that results in mental dysfunction, disturbance of a normal pattern of thinking, and a point of struggle to adjust to the society for acceptance.Themes that emerged regarding fear before mental health exposure were fear of physical harm or violence, transference, and inadequacy in delivery of care. However, after exposure, the fears were observed to be minimal. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that schools of nursing which expose their students in the psychiatric ward must include briefing and debriefing of students. Clinical instructors should orient nursing students prior to exposure to the mental ward to desensitize them. In addition, emphasis on the importance of increasing awareness on how stigma affects society and the mentally ill must be given importance in order to provide efficient nursing care.

Keywords: mentally ill, transference, nursing care

114 6th international scholars’ conference 115 Maria Julita S. J. Sibayan ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MARIA JULITA SJ. SIBAYAN IS A NURSE, AN EDUCATOR, AND RESEARCHER WHO SERVES AS A PRECEPTOR AND MENTOR FOR GRADUATE NURSING STUDENTS AND UNDERGRADUATE CLINICAL DIVISION STUDENTS AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE ACTIVELY PARTICIPATES AS A RESOURCE SPEAKER FOR POST GRADUATE SEMINARS AND COMMUNITY PROGRAMS.

Predilections of Allied Healthcare Professionals toward an Ideal Interprofessional Education Program via Conjoint Analysis Maria Julita S. J. Sibayan, Michael Joseph S. Diño, Raymond C. Caagbay, Joyosthie B. Orbe Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: To shape competent healthcare professionals, a working educational system that facilitates multiprofessional and interprofessional partnership should be in place to foster and deliver better outcomes efficiently, enhancing the quality of healthcare education. Interprofessional Education (IPE) is learning and teaching approach where two or more healthcare professions learn with, from, and about each other. To meet the objective, academic reform that encompasses silos and profession centrism has to be instituted. This study delved into the proclivity of medical and paramedical professionals towards a curricular program that concretizes and strengthens interprofessional collaboration in practice via Conjoint Analysis. Orthogonal Array was employed to elucidate validity and applicability of the five attributes namely Content, Participants, Setting, Teaching Methods, and Format. One hundred allied healthcare professionals representing 25 countries from three international universities participated in the study. Results revealed that setting was the major factor considered when choosing an IPE program with a relative importance of 43.7%. It was followed by content with a relative importance of 15.8%. Trailing behind were teaching methods (14.5%) and participants (13.1%), respectively. The stakeholders’ perspectives will serve as a benchmark for a program to be implemented on the Philippine context in line with the ASEAN integration which is currently being embraced.

Keywords: conjoint analysis, healthcare and interprofessional education

116 6th international scholars’ conference 117 Allied Health

Kristel Anne M. Rey ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

KRISTEL ANNE M. REY IS A PHD STUDENT IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH MAJOR IN NURSING AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE HAS BEEN WORKING AS A CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES SINCE JUNE 2008. SHE HAS BEEN TRAINED IN THE PEDIATRIC WARD, MATERNITY WARD AND OPERATING ROOM.

Social Support Affecting Personal Health Practices among Nursing Students Danielle Peninoy, Hezekiah Suherman, Aldie Vingco, Kristel Anne M. Rey Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Nursing students are trained to promote healthy practices among clients but it does not necessarily mean that they are applying it to themselves. As healthcare providers, nursing students offer support to clients in the promotion of healthy lifestyle. However, there is limited literature exploring the types of social support that nursing students have and its relationship to personal health practices. The purpose of this study was to determine personal health practices among nursing students and its relationship to social support. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 163 nursing students from two universities in Cavite and Pasay and selected using purposive sampling. They answered self-report questionnaires including the perceived social support scale and personal health practices. Data were analyzed by statistical tests of Spearman Rank correlation coefficient. The results revealed a high level of social support with a mean of 3.78(SD = 0.62) and moderate personal health practices with a mean of 3.15 (SD = 0.31). Although there is no significant relationship between the general perceived social support and personal health practices, emotional support showed a positive relationship with personal health practices (p = 0.004). Students’ score in health practices does not differ significantly considering gender, but significant differences are found when age is considered (p = 0.01).

Keywords: health-promoting lifestyle, university students, interpersonal

116 6th international scholars’ conference 117 Lovely G. Sepang UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

LOVELY G. SEPANG IS A LECTURER AND CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR FROM THE FACULTY OF NURSING, UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, INDONESIA. SHE RECEIVED HER BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN NURSING AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES AND HER MASTER’S DEGREE IN PUBLIC HEALTH FROM UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA WITH A CONCENTRATION IN COMMUNITY PARTICULARLY ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH.

Breakfast Eating Habit and Academic Achievement among Student Nurses Lovely G. Sepang Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Energy is the main fuel for the cells that exist in the body in order to perform physiological functions properly. By not eating, there will be no energy to undergo daily activities. The nutritional needs of humans vary for each stage of development. Daily activities should also be balanced with adequate nutritional intake. In reality, doing so many activities can lead a person into bad or irregular eating habits. One example is the habit of skipping breakfast. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between the habits of eating breakfast with academic achievement among students. The research used descriptive correlation with cross sectional approach. This research was conducted among 129 respondents by using total sampling technique. Hypothesis test used spearman correlation. The result showed that 72 respondents (56%) have breakfast four times or more in a week. As for academic achievement, 64 (3%) of respondents have high GPA. The result showed that there is a significant relationship between breakfast habits and academic achievement, (p = 0.036). Thus, there is a significant relationship between breakfast habits and academic achievement among students of nursing university faculty.

Keywords: breakfast habit, academic achievement, student nurses

118 6th international scholars’ conference 119 Allied Health

Jirawan Klommek ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. JIRAWAN KLOMMEK HAS BEEN SERVING AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SINCE 1995 AS A NURSING LECTURER. SHE IS CURRENTLY AN ASSOCIATE DEAN OF THE MISSION FACULTY OF NURSING. THE SCOPES OF HER RESEARCH ARE PEDIATRIC INJURIES AND HEALTH PROMOTION.

Selected Factors Influencing Self-Perception in English Communication Skills of Nursing Students at Mission Faculty of Nursing, Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Jirawan Klommek and Sutthipong Saelee Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: Speaking English skill in Thai students is still an important national problem.This study aimed to identify factors influencing self-perception in English communication skills of nursing students. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit 70 junior nursing students. Research instrument was developed composing of demographic data: learners (13 items), learning and teaching (8 items), social (5 items) factor; and self-perception in English communication skills with respectable validity and reliability. Data analysis was examined by using descriptive statistics and Stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results revealed the most significant predictor of self-perception in English communication skills accounting for 39.9% variance is learner factor relating to confidence in speaking English with others. This model composing of learner (2 items), learning and teaching (3 items), and social (2 items) factors, accounts for 71.4 % of the overall variance. Findings suggested that instructors and administrators develop strategies to promote students’ confidence in expressing English with teachers and others, supply adequate materials, develop interesting teaching and learning method, and provide international environment for practicing English both inside and outside the classroom.

Keywords: self-perception, English communication skills, nursing students, Thailand

118 6th international scholars’ conference 119 Mark B. Samson ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MARK B. SAMSON TEACHES AS A CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR IN THE COLLEGE OF NURSING AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF PHILIPPINES SINCE 2003 TO THE PRESENT. HIS TRAININGS ARE FOCUSED ON PEDIATRIC AND MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING. HE HOLDS A DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN NURSING FROM PHILIPPINE WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY AND ITS AFFILIATE SCHOOLS FOR MEN AND WOMEN.

Experience of Top Performers in the Health Sciences Licensure Examination in a Selected University Lucinda Dela Pena, Ronald Jay Escasa, John Jerico Labro and Mark B. Samson Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The quality of education offered by an institution is often determined by the graduates it produces; likewise, the quality of graduates produced by an institution is measured by their performance in the licensure examinations. This study attempted to capture the lived experiences of the top performers in the different health sciences licensure examinations in a selected university. Descriptive phenomenological method was used to extract information on the experiences of the eight top performers from the four departments: Nursing, Medical Technology, Psychology, and Dentistry who graduated from a selected university in Silang, and are currently working in the Philippines. A formulated set of questions served as the primary method for data collection. Triangulation of the data utilizing interviews with their deans and instructors was used and thematic analysis was done using Collaizi’s method.Three emergent themes encapsulated the experiences of the informants before, during and after the licensure exam. First is their preparation, with four occurring facets: academic, spiritual, psychosocial, and physical. The next theme is anxiety, wherein all of the eight informants claimed the notion of inadequacy of knowledge and possibility of failing. The last theme is the impact of the licensure exam success in the lives of the top performers, with three commonalities among them: strengthened faith, increased opportunity, and widened influence. It was evident that a holistic approach was seen in the preparation of the informants and despite the anxiety, they were able to perform satisfactorily which brought them advances in their professional career and spiritual life. Holistic approach should be considered in designing learning plans to produce high-performing graduates.

Keywords: anxiety, licensure examination, high-performing students

120 6th international scholars’ conference 121 Allied Health

Lance Erwin Quiles OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY

Sense-Making in Thesis Writing: Understanding the Filipino Graduate Students’ Momentum Enablers Lance Erwin Quiles, Christopher A. Patricio, April Grace Morquin and Michael Joseph S. Diño Our Lady of Fatima University

Abstract: “Research in research” focusing on the critiques of methodologies, designs, and approaches has flourished over time; however, there is a paucity of understanding regarding the essence of doing research. In this qualitative study, the essence of doing research was explored by uncovering the significant experiences of 25 graduate students in thesis writing since thesis writing constitutes a diversity of research experiences. This descriptive phenomenological inquiry following Colaizzi’s approach revealed the essence of doing research in the form of the Momentum of Enablers, conveyed as the Sense of Beings. Momentum Enablers offered an in-depth description of researchers’ behavior and mechanisms that may affect the research process experiences.

Keywords: thesis writing, sense of beings, momentum enablers

120 6th international scholars’ conference 121 Maribel Balagtas ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. MARIBEL BALAGTAS IS THE CHAIR OF THE NUTRITION DIETETICS, COLLEGE OF HEALTH AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Development of a Pennywort (Centella asiatica) Ice Cream with Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis) Michelle Salas, Ethel Grace Fonte, Maribel Balagtas, Miriam Estrada, Gladys Laborde and Cryslie Romero Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Ice cream is a popular frozen dessert usually made of milk, cream, sugar, and flavoring. The goal of this study was to determine methods to enhance ice cream nutritionally through the addition of pennywort (Centella asiatica) and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) extract. Pennywort is a nutritious leaf but not commonly utilized as food. The development of the product through laboratory experiments. The standardized ingredients and procedures were determined after five trial formulations. The pennywort leaf was dehydrated using the Multi-Commodity Heat Pump Dryer and ground using a food processor. Coconut milk was first chilled then mixed with soya milk from fresh soybeans. Sugar, vanilla, salt, pennywort and passion fruit extract were mixed using a blender. The mixture was poured into a plastic cup and frozen for 24 hours. The pennywort ice cream with passion fruit containeds 177 kcal per serving (125 ml). Each serving contained 33g of carbohydrates, 5g of protein, 2.8 g of fat, 88mg of calcium, 85mg of phosphorus, 1.1 mg of niacin, 0.9 mg of iron, 0.04 mg of thiamine, and 0.03 mg of riboflavin. The cost of one serving was ₱17. The product was evaluated by 30 individuals from both genders and was rated by the majority as like extremely in terms of odor, color, appearance, texture. Its taste was rated as like very much. This study showed that utilizing pennywort and passion fruit to enhance the taste and nutrient content of ice cream is possible.

Keywords: pennywort, passion fruit, ice cream

122 6th international scholars’ conference 123 Allied Health

Miriam Razon-Estrada ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MIRIAM RAZON-ESTRADA, RND, MPH (NUTRITION), DRPH (PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE) IS THE DEAN OF THE COLLEGE OF HEALTH OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Utilization of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) Seed as a Bread Spread Ellen Grace Supit, Merry Chris H. Caparida, Warlito G. Retutar, Miriam R. Estrada, Maribel Balagtas, Lorcelie Taclan, Gladys Laborde, Ruchel Oasan Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Jackfruit is the largest tree-borne fruit in the world. It is a widely cultivated and well-consumed fruit in the Philippines and other parts of South-east Asia. The seed makes up 15-18% of the fruit weight. However, the seeds are underutilized due to the lack of information about its nutritional and food product potential. Hence, the purpose of this research was to utilize the jackfruit seed as a bread spread that is nutritious, affordable, and acceptable in terms of consistency, texture, aroma and taste. The standardized recipe for the jackfruit seed spread was obtained after three trial formulations. The jackfruit seeds were cleaned and boiled for 30 minutes, then mixed with jackfruit rags, raw sugar, olive oil, lemon juice, lemon rind, turmeric powder, and salt in a blender until a paste-like consistency and smooth texture was achieved. The blended ingredients were cooked in low heat for 15 minutes to remove excess moisture, increase shelf-life, and attain a spreadable consistency. The final product was placed in sterile airtight jars. The jackfruit seed spread has the following characteristics: canary yellow color, smooth texture, lemony aroma, and sweet acidulous taste. One serving (21g) provides 82 kcal and is a source of potassium (59mg), phosphorus (8mg), calcium (26mg), magnesium (4mg), thiamin (0.02mg), riboflavin (0.02mg), niacin (0.2mg), and vitamin C (2mg). The product was rated as like very much by 30 evaluators from both genders using a nine-point hedonic scale. The jackfruit seed spread is affordable with a selling price of ₱58.00 for a jar of 200g net weight. The shelf-life is 30 days in refrigerator temperature. It was recommended that further studies be done on producing jackfruit seed spread for a large scale business in regions were jackfruit is widely cultivated.

Keywords: jackfruit seed, bread spread

122 6th international scholars’ conference 123 Ardie Tayongtong ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

ARDIE TAYONGTONG IS ONE OF THE FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF NURSING, ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Lived Experiences of Senior High School Students in a Sectarian Institution Raemon Oscar F. Bingcang, Jewilyne G. Hopida, Nathan Joshua O. Gangoso, and Ardie Tayongtong Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This study aimed to understand the effects of bullying among senior high school students’ well-being and academic performance, and the impact of the support they received while in a sectarian institution. A phenomenological study was done to determine the lived experiences of students from a university in Cavite, Philippines. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Triangulation was conducted through validation of selected information from the participants’ school counselor, teachers, and peers; Colaizzi’s thematic analysis was done to identify underlying concepts of these experiences. Findings revealed that bullying affected students’ emotional wellness where 80% internalized the incident and 20% externalize the experience. Academic performance was unaffected for the 60% of the participants, while 40% experienced hindrances in their class participation. All participants resorted to certain types of defense mechanisms of which 60% used distancing and 40% utilized rationalization. Further, all (100%) bullying incidents has witnesses and 40% of it was seen by friends, 40% by peers, and 20% by teachers. Only 40% opened-up and received emotional support from friends and felt reassure, while the remaining 60% handled the situation alone and turned out to be independent. In conclusion, bullying as an act has changed the students’ lives, and support was viewed as important in the coping experience of the victims.

Keywords: bullying, emotional wellness, support

124 6th international scholars’ conference 125 Allied Health

Florida Hondo UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MRS. FLORIDA HONDO IS A DOCTOR IN PUBLIC HEALTH FROM ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILLIPINES IN SILANG, CAVITE, PHILIPPINES. CURRENTLY, SHE IS A LECTURER AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA. HER RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING AND MATERNITY NURSING.

The Relationship Between Knowledge and Behavior of Healthy Clean Living Order of Households in Rw 17 Village Cihideung Subdistrict Of Parongpong West Bandung Regency Florida Hondo, Pola Maulita Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Households with PHBS in West Java were still low so that people at high risk of experiencing health problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and behaviour regarding the household in order PHBS RW 17 Village Sub-district Cihideung Parongpong West Bandung Regency. This research used descriptive method of correlation. Fifty-two mothers were chosen through simple random sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire sheet containing 12 questions about knowledge and 12 statements about behavior (PHBS). The results showed that the knowledge of respondents about the PHBS is good. PHBS household often washes hands after bowel movement, and seldom do not use PAM/ gallon water for cooking and drinking in RW 17 Village Cihideung. There is no significant relationship between knowledge and behavior of living clean and healthy household order.

Keywords: knowledge, behavior, PHBS

124 6th international scholars’ conference 125 Ana Rose Padua ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Marginal Sealing Property of Temporary Restorative Materials: A Comparative Study Ana Rose Padua, Roderick Perez, Vicente Medina III Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This study compared the marginal sealing property Provifil (Promedica, Germany), a new light-cured one-component temporary filling material with IRM (Dentsply-Caulk) and Cavit (3M ESPE). Standard box- shaped cavity preparations were completed in 40 caries-free anterior bovine teeth. The teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 10) and were filled with one of the three restorative materials. In five teeth (Positive control), no restorative material was placed; while five teeth of the negative control group had no restorative material but were filled with sticky wax. After thermocycling in water baths with temperatures of 5±5°C and 55±5°C (dwell time, 30 seconds) for 200 cycles, the teeth were coated with nail varnish, leaving an area of 1 mm short of the cavity margin uncovered. The samples were immersed in 2% Methylene blue dye solution for 10 days, sectioned and then digital pictures were taken. Dye penetration along the walls was measured using the UTHSCA Image Tool software. The greatest depth of dye penetration was considered the score of the specimen. Data was analyzed using One-way ANOVA (p < 0.05) and Tukey’s HSD Post Hoc Test. Results showed that all the materials tested leaked at the tooth-restorative material interface. Provifil had the lowest mean leakage value (1.609 mm) while Cavit had the next lowest (2.028 mm). IRM demonstrated significant leakage values (4.587 mm) signifying complete dye penetration on all the samples. There was no statistical significant difference between the marginal sealing property of Cavit and Provifil (p >0.05). The marginal sealing property of Provifil was better than that of IRM.

Keywords: marginal sealing property, nail varnish, cavity margin

126 6th international scholars’ conference 127 Allied Health

April M. Obon ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

APRIL M. OBON IS A PHD STUDENT IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH MAJOR IN NURSING AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE HAS BEEN WORKING AS A CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES SINCE JUNE 2008. SHE HAS BEEN A FOLLOW-UP CI IN PEDIATRIC WARD, IN MATERNITY WARD AND IN CITY HEALTH OFFICE/RURAL HEALTH UNIT.

Breastfeeding Experience of Women of High Socioeconomic Status: A Phenomenological Study Audrey Ysabelle S. Berbano, Ally Shawnae I. Ordanozo, Isabelle Rae O. Lalatag, Angel Grace Fio Bingcang and April Marqueses Obon Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Studies on the implications brought about socioeconomic and breastfeeding practices is not sufficiently explored in the Philippines. The aim of the study is to explore the breastfeeding experiences among Filipino women with high socioeconomic status, as well as their needs in order to initiate and continue breastfeeding. The study utilized qualitative research methods. Six respondents participated in the study and were selected using snowball sampling. A semi-structured interview was done to obtain relevant information about the study. Colaizzi’s method was used to analyze the collected data. The emergent themes developed as follows: (a) perceptions of mothers about breastfeeding, (b) breastfeeding experience of mothers, and (c) needs of the mothers in order to breastfeed successfully. All mothers found breastfeeding to be difficult, most thought that it is best for infants and mothers. All mothers planned to breastfed antenatally and had to balance employment and breastfeeding. Most of them received support from their families, others from breastfeeding support groups, and workplaces. All mothers highlighted the importance of breastfeeding education for mothers, families, and health workers. They all found that determination and family support are significant for mothers to accomplish her desired breastfeeding goals. The researchers recommended that future studies should look into the specific knowledge deficiency of mothers, particularly those of high socioeconomic status regarding breastfeeding; development an extensive breastfeeding education program for health care professionals, pregnant and breastfeeding women, and family members.

Keywords: qualitative, nursing mothers, financial status, educational status

126 6th international scholars’ conference 127 Joe Yuan Mambu UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

JOE YUAN MAMBU IS A LECTURER AT THE UNIVERSITAS KLABAT IN INDONESIA. HE IS PART OF THE COMPUTER SCIENCE FACULTY SINCE 2012. HE TEACHES IN THE COMPUTER NETWORKING AND IT MANAGEMENT AND GOVERNANCE RELATED SUBJECTS AS WELL AS RESEARCHING IN TOPICS IN THE AREA OF NETWORKING, IT AUDITING (E.G. COBIT & ITIL), IMPLEMENTATION AND GAMIFICATION OF VIRTUAL/AUGMENTED REALITY TECHNOLOGY.

An Android Based Interactive Jogging Application: A Prototype Joe Yuan Mambu and Andria K. Wahyudi Universitas Klabat

Abstract: In recent years, there were more people that stay at home. This was due to the advancements of food-delivery app, remote working, TV on demand and other technology innovations which allow people to enjoy the never-before convenience from their couch. However, according to report, the number of people being sluggish, depressed and sick was also quite high among this “indoor generation”. One solution is to have them go outside and exercise. Yet, not everyone is able to make the switch right away or live in a place that can make exercise accessible e.g. a good place for jogging. This paper aimed to give an alternative solution to this problem. There were two technologies that we utilized: First was the virtual reality (VR) technology. VR opened up limitless possibility of interaction which allow user to have his own temporary world to interact with. Accelerometer sensor was used to detect user’s feet movement which allows him to actually move forward in the VR world. Both were available on a typical android cellphone. By combining VR and android accelerometer sensor, we were able to create an application where user can jog at home without any other equipment but the cellphone itself and a cardboard headset. The end result has been initially tested and was able to detect movement of a person running in place and show the estimate distance as if they really running in place. This prototype serves as an initial step for further researches that can be enhanced or extended in many ways such as for health-related test or gamification of the app.

Keywords: virtual reality, android, exercise, user interfaces, accelerometers

128 6th international scholars’ conference 129 Science, Technology and Engineering

Oktoverano H. Lengkong UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

OKTOVERANO H. LENGKONG IS A LECTURER AND GRAPHIC DESIGNER FROM THE FACULTY OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, INDONESIA. HE RECEIVED HIS BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AT UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, AND HIS MASTER’S DEGREE IN DESIGN FROM UNIVERSITAS TRI SAKTI, INDONESIA WITH A CONCENTRATION IN VISUAL COMMUNICATION DESIGN.

Android-Based Information Searching: The Manado City Government Case Oktoverano Hendrik Lengkong, Mariamtha Lumimuut Sundah and Valentino Stevan Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Indonesia has 34 provinces, divided into three areas, namely western, central, and eastern Indonesia. One of the 34 provinces in Indonesia is North Province in East Indonesia. Its provincial capital is Manado City which has an institution that has the responsibility and authority, respectively, recording 18 Regional Offices and 14 Regional Technical Agencies of Manado City. Thus, Regional Offices and Technical Institutions are quite numerous, so a series of information is needed related to the institutional function of the Manado city area. In order for information requests can be met for the people of Manado city, researchers saw the opportunity to create a government information search application in the city of Manado based on Android, which can display information about the municipal government of Manado. Prototyping process model was used in the research. Android Studio, Google Maps API, and SQLite were utilized to develop the application. An application will be developed to provide the following information: address, phone number, email, website, location (map), and other services provided by Manado City government, both from the regional office as well as the regional technical institutions.

Keywords: government institution, Manado, android studio, Google Maps, prototyping

128 6th international scholars’ conference 129 Winelfred Pasamba ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

WINELFRED PASAMBA IS A COMPUTER SCIENCE GRADUATE FROM THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES AND HAS BEEN WITH THE PROGRAMMING TEAM EVEN BEFORE FINISHING HIS STUDIES. HE HAS BEEN MAINTAINING THE SYSTEM SINCE YEAR 2000. HE ALSO TEACHES IN THE ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE PROGRAMS.

Artificial Intelligence at AUP Online Information System (AOLIS) Winelfred Pasamba Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making computers function like humans. Its value is on automating manual processes, reducing human errors, and analytics. The question is, how much AI can a school practically use help its processes? Case studies on the whys, the hows, and the effects of different Artificial Intelligence technologies, algorithms, solutions implemented at Adventist University of the Philippines Online Information System from 1999 thru 2018 include: at least three versions of automated student evaluation for academic departments, techniques to reduce encoding errors, automatic decisional computation and balanced entry of assessment with 140+ variables and 220+ conditions, scheduling conflicts identification and resolution for teachers and rooms, learning algorithms to reduce encoding by remembering corrections, and fun things like Facebook-like automated personalized video editing of classmates’ videos. Results point out that once AI has helped a process, it is almost unimaginable to do revert to pre-AI era style processing; hence, continuous improvement in AI implementations is recommended in the future.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, enrollment system, academic system, checklist, automated video editing

130 6th international scholars’ conference 131 Science, Technology and Engineering

Green Mandias UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

GREEN MANDIAS EARNED HIS BACHELOR’S DEGREE FROM DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, UNIVERSITAS KLABAT (UNKLAB) IN 2003 AND LATER HIS MASTER’S DEGREE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE FROM DEPARTMENT OF MIPA, UGM, YOGYAKARTA IN 2011. CURRENTLY HE IS A LECTURER AT UNKLAB AND HE CAN BE REACHED THROUGH [email protected]

Analysis of Book Borrowing Patterns at Universitas Klabat Library Using the Apriori Algorithm Green F Mandias, Green A Sandag ,Angel G Takalumbide and Christian Wahongan Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Data owned by an institution is one of the assets of the institution. The existence of daily operational activities will increasingly multiply the amount of transaction data. Universitas Klabat Library is one of the special academic libraries located on the campus of Universitas Klabat. Provide a variety of library materials such as books, literature, scientific magazines, general magazines, tales and other textbooks. In this research, the researcher utilized Apriori Algorithm to analyze the lending data of book in Klabat University Library based on the tendency of item set that appear together in a literature visit activity. Apriori algorithm is one of the algorithms in data mining that can be used in the Association Rule by using KDD (Knowledge Discovery in Data) method as a process to help find patterns or rules in a data. With the Apriori Algorithm, the result of the analysis proves that all the rules do not exist that meet the minimum support and confidence that have been determined and the results of the analysis also said that the books titled Troubleshooting Family and Sowing Seed Reap Results, Rules, Patterns and Words and Pictures for Language Learning, Education Dynamics Christian and Christian Religious Education, Indonesia Sues and Events Around Proclamation 17-8-1945, fit with Weight Training and Seniors Health with Nursing Care Approach, never borrowed equally by library visitors.

Keywords: data mining, Apriori Algorithm, support, confidence

130 6th international scholars’ conference 131 Jonalyn D. Castaño ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

JONALYN D. CASTAÑO IS A GRADUATE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING AT MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY- INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (MSU-IIT). SHE EARNED HER MASTER IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEGREE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF IMMACULATE CONCEPCION (UIC). SHE IS A LICENSED ELECTRONICS ENGINEER AND A LICENSED PROFESSIONAL TEACHER. CURRENTLY, SHE IS AN INSTRUCTOR OF ENGINEERING AND ELECTRONICS DEPARTMENT OF ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Design and Development of a License Plate Recognition System for Adventist University of the Philippines Elmer P. Joaquin, Christine F. Fuentes, Anita Meñeng Nseng Okomo, Richelle Joy G. Riosa, Jonalyn D. Castaño, Melquiades Garrino and Lorcelie B. Taclan Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Plate number recording is a practice that is done in vehicular terminals to ensure the security and order inside the premise that corresponds to the vehicular terminal. The Adventist University of the Philippines adopts the method by manual logging of plate numbers at the university main gate. The study designed an automation process of recording vehicle’s plate number using Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) algorithm, a barrier beam prototype-to-software interaction using Arduino microcontroller, and secured data storage using MySQL administrator. Findings showed that the ALPR library is tuned to have greater affinity with 2016 Philippine Plate Number format. The software interacts with the barrier beam through serial communication that which is facilitated by the microcontroller. The system is able to detect and recognize the plate number of interacting vehicles, and store it in the database with minimum supervision required. It also has the ability to distinguish local vehicles from the visiting ones. The system’s override capabilities compensate for the ever-varying environment and situation in the university. On the other hand, the barrier beam reacts accordingly for every prompt given by the system. The proposed system is warranted as useful for automating the license plate recording process in the university’s vehicular terminals.

Keywords: plate number, automate, recognize, prompt, MySQL

132 6th international scholars’ conference 133 Science, Technology and Engineering

Leilani D. Arce ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

LEILANI D. ARCE IS A FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, SPECIFICALLY OF THE BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Taxonomical and Palynological Study of Pteridophytes (Ferns) along Adventist University of the Philippines Creek Danise Ariana Dayego,Charen Mae Orais,Rom Mc Lowell Illustrisimo Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Deficiency of references to determine the diversity, taxonomy and palynology of ferns in Adventist University of the Philippines has impelled to investigate the various floras of Pteridophytes along AUP creek near motorpool area. Shannon - Wiener index was used to measure the species richness and diversity, whereas, the palynology of 13 Pteridophytic species belonging to seven families were examined using light microscope (LM). All investigated spores were more or less monolete and trilete in shape. Spore size ranged from 23 to 42 μm. Pteris ensiformis Burm. F has the largest spore while Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C. Presl has the smallest spore. Among the species, Cyathea sp. has the largest frequency, followed by Pneumatopteris laevis and Pneumatopteris sp. while Bolbitis rhizophylla has the lowest frequency. Richness and diversity of the species and morphological characteristics like spore type could be a significant identification tool for ecological studies and fern taxonomy.

Keywords: Pteridopytes, ferns, palynology, monolete, trilete, spore

132 6th international scholars’ conference 133 Anthoney Swamy Thangiah ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. ANTHONEY SWAMY THANGIAH IS A SENIOR LECTURER IN CHEMISTRY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE IN APIU. HE IS VERY MUCH INTERESTED IN RESEARCH AND HAS PUBLISHED MORE THAN FIFTY ARTICLES AND PRESENTED SEVERAL PAPERS IN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES AND SEMINARS. HE SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETED TWO FUNDED RESEARCH AND CURRENTLY DOING ANOTHER ONE.

Soap Production Using Locally Available Alkaline Extract from Millet Stalks: A Study on Chemical and Physical Properties of Soap Anthoney Swamy Thangiah Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: An agricultural by-product namely millet stalks were examined for their potential as an alternative source of potash for soap production. The alkaline extract was used in the preparation of soap using the traditional method. These materials were ashed and the sample was subjected to hot aqueous extraction. Extract from the crushed samples was characterized by its inorganic elements calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium. The resulting soap was subjected to physicochemical test; saponification value, iodine value, acid value, ash content, color, texture and the results were; 74mg/KOH/g, 31.72g/100g, 5.64mg/KOH, 1%, white, hard and rough, respectively. This showed that the white color of soap was a result of bleaching of the oil sample and the hardness of the soap was due to the presence of high concentration of K+ ions in the prepared soap. Also, emulsification test was performed and the result was positive. White soluble precipitate was formed with KCl, NaCl, and NH4Cl solution while with CaCl2, MgCl2, and FeCl3 solution white gelatinous precipitate was formed which gave the insoluble complex with water. This research showed that some agricultural by-products such as millet stalks can be utilized for the traditional soap production.

Keywords: soap, alkaline extract, millet stalks, traditional method, physicochemical

134 6th international scholars’ conference 135 Science, Technology and Engineering

Challis K. Pulotu PACIFIC ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY

CHALLIS K. PULOTU IS A YOUNG ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST INTERESTED IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION BIOLOGY. HE GRADUATED WITH HONORS AT THE PACIFIC ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY WITH THE DEGREE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. HE ENJOYED EXPLORING LANDSCAPES AND FORESTS AND LIKES DISCOVERING NEW BREAKTHROUGHS AND IDEAS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE.

Food Resources of the Paradisaea raggiana along Tropical Forest Corridors within Savannah Landscape Challis K. Pulotu Pacific Adventist University

Abstract: The Raggiana Bird-of-Paradise (BOP) within the Paradisaeidae family is endemic to New Guinea and extensively studied due to their rarity, colorful plumage and cultural importance. This study examined known food resource availability of the Paradisaea raggiana (P. raggiana) at Varirata National Park (VNP) to that of Whisky Creek (WC) seeing how the P. raggiana would fare if tropical forest corridors were conserved. Belt transect methods were used at both sites consisting of twenty randomized plots, each measuring 50x20 metres, where all tree species above two meters were collected. Identification was through the online James Cook University tropical herbarium and the New Guinea’s Herbarium. Findings showed that identified food resources at VNP and WC were very similar across sites. The difference lied in the floristic composition and abundance of food resources between sites, showing no overlap of tree species sampled from VNP and WC, thus P. raggiana food resources were floristically different across sites. At VNP the Meliaceae Dysoxylum sp. was most abundant which the P. raggiana fed on predominantly, while WC has high abundance of Moraceae Ficus sp. and Myrtaceae Syzygium sp.

Keywords: floristic, food resource, forest corridors, Paradisaea raggiana

134 6th international scholars’ conference 135 Myrnille Joy Z. Galang ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MYRNILLE JOY Z. GALANG RECEIVED HER BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S DEGREES IN CHEMISTRY FROM ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES (AUP) AND ATENEO DE MANILA UNIVERSITY, RESPECTIVELY. SHE IS CURRENTLY TEACHING ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY IN ADDITION TO THE CHEMISTRY SERVICE COURSES PROVIDED TO NON-MAJOR COLLEGE STUDENTS AT AUP. HER RESEARCH INTEREST INCLUDES NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY.

In Vitro Alpha-Amylase Inhibition by Paragis (Eleusine Indica (L.) Gaertn) Extract and Its Fractions Regeim-Melech H. Ocampo and Myrnille Joy Z. Galang Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Plants are rich sources of potential hypoglycemic agents to control blood glucose. Since the antidiabetic studies on Eleusine Indica has not been widely explored, this study aimed to investigate the effect of crude ethanol extracts as well as acetone, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of E. Indica using an in vitro α-amylase assay (iodine method) and to determine the phytochemical profile of the plant sample using colorimetric qualitative tests. Crude ethanol extract of paragis was found to be the most potent α-amylase inhibitor among all plant samples with 96.56 ± 1.60 % inhibition at 100 µg/mL extract concentration, and is significantly higher p( < 0.001, Tukey’s post-hoc test) than the acarbose standard with 79.56 ± 0.44 % inhibition at the same concentration. Qualitative tests showed that these samples contain phytochemicals such as glycosides, phenols, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. Through this finding, it was postulated that synergistic effects of these phytochemicals may contribute to its hypoglycemic activity in vitro. Inhibition of α-amylase suggested that E. Indica has the potential to hinder glucose absorption in the small intestine. Statistical correlation with the 13C nuclear magnetic resonance phytochemical profile and the inhibition activity will be subject for future studies to identify the specific structural features of active compounds.

Keywords: Eleusine indica, antidiabetes, in vitro, α-amylase, iodine method

136 6th international scholars’ conference 137 Science, Technology and Engineering

Rex S. Langngag KALINGA STATE UNIVERSITY REX S. LANGNGAG IS A LICENSED AGRICULTURIST AND FARM PRACTITIONER WHO GRADUATED AT CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY WITH BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN AGRICULTURE MAJOR IN ANIMAL SCIENCE (2012) AND MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE MAJOR IN CROP SCIENCE AT ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY (2017). HE IS CURRENTLY AN INSTRUCTOR AT THE KALINGA STATE UNIVERSITY’S COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE.

Samuel R. Simon ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

DR. SAMUEL R. SIMON IS A LICENSED AGRICULTURAL ENGINEER, AGRICULTURIST AND TEACHER. HE IS A GRADUATE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING IN 1989, MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION IN 2002, BOTH IN ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY (ISU), AND DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AT THE CENTRAL LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY, SCIENCE IN 2012. AT PRESENT HE IS THE CAMPUS DIRECTOR FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ISU AT CABAGAN CAMPUS.

Performance of Kalinga’s Heirloom Rice Cultivars Under Different Levels of Organic Fertilizer Rex S. Langngag and Samuel R. Simon Kalinga State University and Isabela State University

Abstract: The study was conducted under wetland culture at Tabuk City, Kalinga using two factor experiment laid in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and with the following treatments: Heirloom rice cultivars which include: a1-Chong-ak and a2-Ulikan Red; Organic fertilizer namely: b1-No fertilizer (control), b2-100% of the recommended rate of fertilizer, b3-75% of the recommended rate of fertilizer, b4-50% of the recommended rate of fertilizer and b5-25% of the recommended rate of fertilizer. It aimed to determine which of the different fertilizer treatments would give the best in terms of agronomic characteristics and highest yield of the cultivars and to provide bench mark data on the profitability of producing the two cultivars. Results revealed that different levels of organic fertilizer as a single factor did not produced significant effect on the yield of the two heirloom rice cultivars tested. A significant interaction effect between the two factors tested is obtained in terms of the mean number of tillers, mean number of days to maturity, percent filled and unfilled grains. Ulikan Red obtained significantly the highest mean specifically on the following parameters: number of days to flowering, height at maturity, number of tillers, days to maturity and computed yield in tons per hectare.

Keywords: Heirloom rice cultivars, organic fertilizer, Ulikan Red cultivar, Chong-ak cultivar

136 6th international scholars’ conference 137 Jemmarie G. Suetos SOUTHERN CAGAYAN RESEARCH CENTER JEMMARIE G. SUETOS OBTAINED HER MASTER’S DEGREE IN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AT THE ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY – CABAGAN CAMPUS. SHE WORKS AS A RESEARCHER FROM 2012 TO PRESENT AT THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE – SOUTHERN CAGAYAN RESEARCH CENTER (DA-SCRC), IGUIG, CAGAYAN, PHILIPPINES. SHE SPEARHEADED PARTICULAR RICE RESEARCHES INCLUDING VARIETAL, FERTILIZER AND COMMUNITY-BASED PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCHES.

Samuel R. Simon ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

DR. SAMUEL R. SIMON IS A LICENSED AGRICULTURAL ENGINEER, AGRICULTURIST AND TEACHER. HE IS A GRADUATE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING IN 1989, MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION IN 2002, BOTH IN ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY (ISU), AND DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AT THE CENTRAL LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY, SCIENCE IN 2012. AT PRESENT HE IS THE CAMPUS DIRECTOR FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ISU AT CABAGAN CAMPUS.

Evaluation of Different Rice Varieties Under Different Methods of Establishment In Cagayan Province Jemmarie G. Suetos and Samuel R. Simon Southern Cagayan Research Center and Isabela State University – Cabagan Campus

Abstract: The study was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield performance of different rice varieties under different methods of establishment in Cagayan Province during the 2017 wet cropping season. The experiment was laid out following the split-plot design and replicated three times with the following treatments: rice varieties (main plot): a1–NSIC Rc412H (Mestiso 70, LP 205), a2–NSIC Rc132H (Mestiso 6, SL-8H), a3–NSIC Rc218SR (Mabango 3), a4–NSIC Rc13 (Malagkit 1); and methods of establishment (Sub-plot): b1–transplanted (TPR) method, b2–direct seeded (DSR) method and b3–modified (System of Rice Intensification or SRI) method. Results revealed that there is a significant difference among the varieties tested in terms of growth and yield parameters tested. Inbred rice varieties planted singly in a wider spacing attained yield higher than the hybrid rice varieties. The different methods of establishment applied significantly affected the growth and yield performance of the four varieties tested. With respect to the cost and return analysis, modified SRI method of establishment appeared to be the most profitable to practice in rice production compared to transplanted and direct seeding methods of establishment as evidenced by the computed ROI.

Keywords: methods of rice establishment, system of rice intensification, performance of rice varieties

138 6th international scholars’ conference 139 Science, Technology and Engineering

Kamolnan Taweeyanyongkul ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. KAMOLNAN TAWEEYANYONGKUL HAS BEEN SERVING AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SINCE 2002 AS A BIOLOGY LECTURER. SHE IS CURRENTLY A RESEARCH DIRECTOR. THE SCOPE OF HER MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH IS BROAD, RANGING FROM BACTERIA TO FUNGI. SHE AUTHORED A GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY TEXT BOOK IN THAI MEDIUM WHICH WAS PUBLISHED IN 2017.

Growth of Fungi on Coating Materials Applied to Glass Container Surfaces Kamolnan Taweeyanyongkul, Warren Shipton, Tatenda Mushunje, Wichai Siloh and Isaiah Chitlay Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: Coating materials are applied to glass surfaces in order to improve toughness, chemical resistance, and clarity. External application improves slip ability, therefore easing the packing process. Under dusty and humid storage conditions, microbial growth may be encouraged on surfaces causing discoloration thus rendering the articles unusable for the primary purpose of carrying items for human consumption. Two coating materials, oleic acid wax and polyethylene, used in Thailand were laboratory tested for their ability to support growth of airborne microbes for the purpose of suggesting ways to ameliorate the problem. Several species of imperfect fungi were isolated and identified using recognized morphological criteria; some species failed to spore and remain unidentified. On the oleic acid based agar formulation, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Phoma, and Fusarium species were supported. Aspergillus and Penicillium were found growing on the polyethylene carbon-based medium. In addition, the agar plate mixture of oleic acid and polyethylene, Aspergillus and Cladosporium were found. Possible approaches to minimizing contamination and growth of the organisms in real life was discussed.

Keywords: glass coating, imperfect fungi, airborne microbe, oleic acid, polyethylene

138 6th international scholars’ conference 139 Orlex Yllano ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. ORLEX YLLANO IS THE CHAIR OF THE BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT AT AUP. HE FINISHED HIS PH.D. IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY AT UPLB. HE IS THE RECIPIENT OF SEVERAL AWARDS AND FELLOWSHIPS. CURRENTLY, HE IS THE PRESIDENT OF PHILIPPINE SOCIETY OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY SLC. HIS RESEARCH INTEREST INCLUDES MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, GENETICS, AND ECOTOXICOLOGY.

Specialized Feed Induced Growth, Nuchal Hump Development and Histological Changes in Flowerhorn (Cichlosoma citrinella) Kristine Mae G. Infante, Arvin Marc A. Bartolome, Jan Reuel M. Ganoria, Ephraim Evangelista, Leilanie Arce, Merbeth Pedro, Lester Harris Catolico, Neil John Vegafria, and Orlex B. Yllano Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Ornamental fish trade is a multibillion-dollar industry worldwide. One of the highly-demanded ornamental fish is the bumpy head flowerhorn (FH). In spite of its popularity, scientific studies on the FH nuchal hump (NH) development are considerably limited. This inferential study aimed to determine the growth, development, and NH histology of FH treated with conventional and specialized feeds for 17 weeks. Two groups consisting of 12 fish were randomly selected and regularly observed. Quantitative and qualitative data were subjected to T-test and histological analysis, respectively. Results showed a significant increase in body length of the treated group on the fourth - seventh weeks (p = 0.04-0.01). Likewise, the significant increase in weight started in the third week (p = 0.03-0.001) onwards. Nuchal humps’ vertical and horizontal components significantly increased at seventh week p( = 0.04) and fourteenth week (p =0.04), respectively. Histological analysis revealed greater fat deposits under stratum compactum, thicker dermis (203.58 μm), and bigger lateral line canal (84.4 μm). This study demonstrated that the specialized feed significantly contributed to the growth, nuchal development, and increase fat deposits in flower horn. Results provide vital information on the biology of flowerhorn and fish industry. Further study on the histological changes of other organs is recommended.

Keywords: flowerhorn fish, nuchal hump, feeds, histology

140 6th international scholars’ conference 141 Science, Technology and Engineering

Ratna Noah ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

RATNA NOAH IS A TEACHER IN THE FACULTY OF SCIENCE AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY AND HER PASSION IS TO LEARN SCIENCE IN SIMPLE THINGS.

A Comparative Study of Plant Growth Using Cow Dung Manure and No Manure Ratna Noah and Noah Anburaj Balraj Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: This empirical study aimed to find out the soil condition to achieve maximum plant growth using cow dung manure and to compare it with soil without any manure. The experiment was done in an area of 4.5m2 divided into six plots of 0.75m2. Five plots were with varied percentages of cow dung manure. Plots 1,2,3,4 and 5 were conditioned with 100,50,40,30, and 20 percent of cow dung manure with that of the soil proportion, respectively. However, plot 6 was with no manure. Measurement of the plant’s height, leaf’s length and width, number of nodes, and branches in all the plots were measured periodically. The researchers identified and measured the different proportion of cow dung manure and its direct impact on the plant growth comparing with the plot with no manure. Results in the plots with 50 and 40 percent of cow dung manure produced healthy and large leaves, growth of the plants were supported with sufficient nutrients and micro-organisms compared to plots 1, 4, and 5. The plot with no manure showed the opposite of all other plots. Implication of this paper was to scientifically determine the right amount of cow dung manure and soil proportion for optimizing plant growth.

Keywords: cow dung manure, no manure, plant growth, soil proportion

140 6th international scholars’ conference 141 Marc Philip Rogelio Ocoma ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MARC PHILIP ROGELIO OCOMA, 24 YEARS OF AGE, HAS BEEN A FACULTY OF THE MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE DEPARTMENT UNDER THE COLLEGE OF HEALTH AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES FOR TWO YEARS NOW. HE WORKED PREVIOUSLY AS STAFF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIST AT ADVENTIST MEDICAL CENTER MANILA.

Antimicrobial Effects of Camellia sinensis Urine Metabolites against Uropathogenic E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae Hoiner Kyle C. Bofetiado, Cedric John A. Sta. Lucia, Lois Kyle Zabat and Marc Philip R. Ocoma Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common complications in the Philippines today. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial effects of Camellia sinensis (green tea) against pathogens that cause UTI. The study utilized the convenience sampling technique and interventional-experimental method. Ten healthy participants were screened through routine urinalysis and urine culture; urine was then collected before and after drinking 4.5g of pure green tea leaves brewed with 500 ml of water at 98˚C for 5-10 minutes. The pooled first morning urine, 0-4-hour urine, and 4-8- hour urine were mixed, autoclaved, and used as solvent for preparation of MH agar respectively. Inoculation of the test organisms onto the MH agar were done in triplicates with check plates. After overnight incubation, an average of 140000 Colony Forming Units were significantly reduced in Urine-MH agar with green tea metabolites collected within less than 4 hours showing its greatest activity. It was found out that catechins, which are the main bioactive antibacterial compound in green tea, were effective against E. coli and K. pneumoniae but not against multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Further study can be done to harness the effects of catechins in other food sources other than green tea.

Keywords: urinary tract infection, Camellia sinensis, catechins

142 6th international scholars’ conference 143 Science, Technology and Engineering

Jackson Niyorugira Sebigunda CENTRAL LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY

JACKSON NIYORUGIRA SEBIGUNDA IS CURRENTLY A PHD STUDENT AT CENTRAL LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY, SCIENCE CITY MUNOZ, NUEVA ECIJA, PHILIPPINES. HE IS A CONGOLESE RESEARCHER IN THE FIELD OF PLANT BREEDING, GENETICS AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, A VISITING LECTURER AT THE UNIVERSITY OF GOMA AND A MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AGROCHEMISTS OF DR CONGO.

Bioinformatics and Internet: A New Research Method to Disciplines and Information Technology Jackson Niyorugira Sebigunda Central Luzon State University

Abstract: Bioinformatics is a new and emerging branch of Biotechnology. It mainly involves the use of software to utilize information from vast biological database that is developed by experienced Biotechnologists. The paper dealt with the Bioinformatics and Internet. It introduced Bioinformatics and led to Internet and its relation to Bioinformatics. Furthermore, it discussed the various facilities and services provided by Internet for Bioinformatics. It further mentioned required resources. It also explained the links available on Internet, various products and services, and involvement of private firms. It highlighted some aspects related to techniques and tools for Bioinformatics on Internet. Moreover, it explained some searching methods and role of library and information centers regarding Bioinformatics and Internet. Based on the discussion, the researcher concluded with the idea that shows the importance of Bioinformatics on Internet, online data bases of biological sciences, World Wide Web Virtual Library of Biotechnology are our units of analysis. The analysis of this data is generating new knowledge needs to be captured. As the volume of this knowledge grows, so does the need to develop formal ways of representing this knowledge.The future holds the ever increasing dependability on information and information technology so it can be said that Internet is an efficient tool for accessing the Bio-information in the form of Bioinformatics.

Keywords: bioinformatics, Internet, Internet links, searching methods, data analysis

142 6th international scholars’ conference 143 Andi Pujo Rahadi UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

ANDI PUJO RAHADI HAS GRADUATED AS MAGISTER OF SCIENCE FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS, UNIVERSITAS GADJAHMADA. SINCE 2016, THE HE IS TEACHING MATHEMATICS SUBJECTS IN UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA, SUCH AS GEOMETRY, CALCULUS, STATISTIC, ETC. HE IS MARRIED TO MONALISA SINAGA AND THEY ARE BLESSED WITH A BABY BOY BORN IN JUNE 2018.

Using Vector and Conventional Approach in Calculating Distance in a Three Dimensional Solid: An Experimental Study Andi P. Rahadi Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Many high school students find difficulty in studying three- dimensional geometry. They find difficulty in understanding a solid form such as cube, pyramid, prism, etc. Most students fail to make correct perception about the distance to calculate, when the problems are dealing with lines or surfaces. Only students with good spatial capability can solve such problems. This research focused on making new approaches to understand and calculate the distance in a three dimensional solid form. The approach developed was called vector approach, which includes developing connection vectors, normal vector of a surface, and calculating distance from a point to certain line or surface using vector theorems. The approach was tested by experimental study to two Grade 12 classes in SMAN 1 Parongpong, Indonesia. Each class consists of 32 students and the experiment was conducted in eight meetings. The test quality was analyzed using the software anates, and SPSS 20 was used to analyze the research data. The conclusion of the study was that students treated with vector approach achieve higher performance improvement compared with the students treated with conventional approach. By using vector theorems to solve three dimensional problems, we turn the theory into action.

Keywords: vector approach, three dimensional, distance, line, surface

144 6th international scholars’ conference 145 Science, Technology and Engineering

Edwin Julius Solaiman UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MR. EDWIN JULIUS SOLAIMAN IS A MASTER HOLDER FROM DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY IN MANILA, PHILIPPINES. CURRENTLY, HE IS A LECTURER AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE MATH AND LINEAR EQUATIONS.

Solution Approach of Linear Equations Without Fractional Systems by Using Modification Method Gauss – Jordan for 3 Variables and 3 Equations Edwin Solaiman Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Based on Linear Algebra teaching experience and Numerical Method Analysis five years back, students have difficulty in solving linear equation system by using the Gauss-Jordan method when they are met with fractions. The modification of the Gauss-Jordan method in its completion can avoid fractions, although the end result can be in the form of fractions. The modification of the Gauss-Jordan method integrates two rules into new i th -row equal to k1 times the old i th - row minus by k2 times the row j th (where i ≠ j).

Keywords: linear algebra, Gauss – Jordan Method

144 6th international scholars’ conference 145 Dr. Abraham P. Racca ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. ABRAHAM P. RACCA IS CURRENTLY A FACULTY OF THE MATH AND PHYSICS DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Title: An Iterative Process Applied to Equilateral Triangles Resulting to the Identity 1/3+1/9+1/27+...=1/2. Levi L. Bicua, Precious R. Tayaben, Abraham P. Racca Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: In this paper, we define a particular iterative process and apply it to triangles. It was shown that the process results to self-similar triangles if and only if the generator triangle is an equilateral triangle. Furthermore, the identity 1/3+1/9+1/27+...=1/2 resulted from the process.

146 6th international scholars’ conference 147 Science, Technology and Engineering

Rut Normasari UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

RUT NORMASARI IS A LECTURER AT THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE OF UNIVERSITAS KLABAT. SHE COMPLETED HER MASTER IN BIOLOGY AT BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, INDONESIA. HER RESEARCH FIELDS OF INTEREST ARE ON INSECT POLLINATOR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY. SOME OF HER RESEARCHES HAVE BEEN PRESENTED IN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES AND PUBLISHED IN SOME JOURNALS.

An Inventory of Insect Visiting the Flower of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Rut Normasari Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Insect pollinator is one of the very important ecosystem services for human and environment. The study of insects as flower visitors is important to know about sexual reproduction in plants. There has been no research on insects as visitors on eggplant flowers. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of insects that visited eggplant flowers Solanum( melongena L.). Collection of samples was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Klabat, Manado. The research method used was the method of observation and direct collecting using insect nets. The sample identification was done at the Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Klabat, Manado using Borror, Triplehorn, and Johnson (1996). The results of the study found 17 genera belonging to nine families and three orders of insects of the order Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, and Diptera who visited eggplant flowers. The most dominant insects visiting eggplant flowers were the order of Hymenoptera. Some genera of visitor insects found in this study were known to act as pollinating insects such as Episyrphus, Calliphora, Apis, Trigona, Xylocopa, Vespula, Vespa, Papilio, Graphium, Appias, Cephrenes, Pelopidas, Eurema, and Dolichoderus. This indicated the important role of insects in sexual reproduction of eggplant.

Keywords: Solanum melongena, insects, visitor, flower

146 6th international scholars’ conference 147 Ferdinand E. Mendoza ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MR. FERDINAND E. MENDOZA IS CURRENTLY A FACULTY OF THE MEDTECH DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF HEALTH AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Anti-Ova Activity of Momordica charantia Seeds Against Ascaris lumbricoides Reitzel Joyce O. Gabat, Maricar B. Garces, Maria Patricia C. Gregorio, Ferdinand E. Mendoza Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) is a popular vegetable in Southeast Asia not only as table fare but also as traditional medicine for many ailments ranging from diabetes to intestinal parasitic infections. The combination of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins in bitter gourd is believed to exert anthelminthic effects. A number of studies have demonstrated that its seeds and leaves target adult and larval stages of a number of both free- living and parasitic worms. However, it is yet to be demonstrated whether the seeds have activity against ova of parasitic nematodes. To determine anti-ova activity, 23 fresh stool samples containing fertile ova of Ascaris lumbricoides were treated with ground bitter gourd seeds. Egg embryonation rates were then measured and compared after three weeks of incubation in soil. Results show a significant decrease in embryonation among samples treated with bitter gourd seeds compared to the untreated controls. Unlike most treatments that target only one parasite stage, Momordica charantia seeds have activity against adults, larvae, and ova. Its potential for development as anthelminthic drug must be further explored by isolating its bioactive compounds, testing against other parasitic helminth species, and determining potential for resistance.

Keywords: Momordica charantia, helminth, traditional medicine

148 6th international scholars’ conference 149 Science, Technology and Engineering

Yongyuth Puriboriboon ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

YONGYUTH PURIBORIBOON HAS BEEN SERVING AS AN INSTRUCTOR IN THE FACULTY OF SCIENCE AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, THAILAND, SINCE 2013. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS ARE IN THE AREA OF PRIMARY STEM CELL AND HEALTH SCIENCE.

Risk of Pesticides Residues in Vegetarian Population in Muak Lek District, Saraburi Province Yongyuth Puriboriboon, Kamolnan Taweeyanyongkul and Alwyn Chacko Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: Organophosphate and carbamate pesticides are commonly used by Thai farmers and are substantial residues in vegetables. Due to consumption habit, the vegetarian population runs a considerable risk.Therefore, this research investigated the risk of pesticide residues in vegetarian population in the area of Muak Lek District, Saraburi Province. Colorimetric cholinesterase inhibitor assay by MJPK test kit was used to examine the level of pesticides residues in ten vegetable samples. The lowest amount of inhibited enzyme activity of the test kit is 15 % which represents insecurity or its not being safe. The results found that 60% of the samples were contaminated with organophosphate and carbamate. Within the contaminated samples, 40% revealed insecurity level and 20% showed high insecurity. Morning glory and cabbage sprout were detected at high level of insecurity vegetables. Washing vegetables either with only water or with other special agents showed significant reduction of pesticide concentration from insecurity level to undetectable level and from high insecurity level to insecurity level (p < 0.01). In conclusion, this finding may be used as a guideline for monitoring the purchase of vegetables and developing the effective washing methods to reduce the risk of possible exposure to pesticide residues in the vegetarian community

Keywords: pesticides, residues, risk, vegetarian, vegetables

148 6th international scholars’ conference 149 Dexter F. Pajarito ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DEXTER F. PAJARITO RECEIVED HIS BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CHEMISTRY AND MASTER IN PUBLIC HEALTH FROM ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES (AUP) IN 2002 AND 2005, RESPECTIVELY. IN 2016, HE FINISHED HIS MASTER OF SCIENCE IN BIOCHEMISTRY FROM UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, LOS BAÑOS, LAGUNA. HE IS A FULL TIME FACULTY OF THE CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT OF AUP FROM 2004 TO PRESENT. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY AND BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES.

Comparative Determination of Total Phenolic Content and Flavonoid Content of Hanopol (Poikilospermum suaveolens) Using Water and Aqueous Ethanol as Extracting Solvents Glemcie Jane V. Francisco and Dexter F. Pajarito Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Phenolic compounds which are ubiquitous in plants have been shown to exhibit antioxidant activity. Consequently, these compounds may reduce the risk of degenerative diseases including certain types of cancer and heart diseases. Since the phenolic contents of Hanopol (Poikilospermum suaveolens) have not been widely explored, this study was conducted to compare to the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of water and aqueous ethanol crude extracts of the dried leaves and vines of Hanopol using Folin-Ciocalteau and Aluminum chloride colorimetric assays, respectively. The leaves and vines extracted with aqueous ethanol as solvent showed TPC values of 485.4 and 148.0 mg gallic acid equivalent, respectively, higher than extracted with water only with 63.9 mg and 56.2 mg gallic acid equivalent, respectively. Total flavonoid content in the leaves and vines extracted with aqueous ethanol were 152.3 and 24.9 mg catechin equivalent, respectively while leaves and vines extracted with water only showed significantly lower TFC (p <0.001, Tukey’s post-hoc test). Results of this study showed that the enhanced polarity of aqueous ethanol exhibited better extracting capacity than water only towards phenolic compounds. The use of liquid chromatographic technique to separate individual phenolics compounds and identification of molecular structure using mass spectrometry are warranted for future studies.

Keywords: Hanopol, phenolics, flavonoids, bioactive compounds

150 6th international scholars’ conference 151 Science, Technology and Engineering

Giovani P. Mercado ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

GIOVANI P. MERCADO HAS BEEN TEACHING CHEMISTRY LABORATORY TO STUDENTS WHO WOULD BE SCIENTISTS, ENGINEERS, HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, AND EDUCATORS. HIS SCIENCE AND EDUCATION DEGREES, PLUS HIS YEARS OF TEACHING EXPERIENCE, ALLOW HIM TO BLEND BOTH WORLDS INTO SOMETHING RELEVANT AND INTERESTING THAT STUDENTS CAN RELATE TO.

Colorful Chemistry Demonstrations Using Plant Dyes and Natural Solvents Giovanni Mercado Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This study identified some common plants whose colored parts may be extracted and used as alternatives to commercial indicators in acid-base titration demonstrations. Conventional procedures had long used synthetic indicators which are considered hazardous and can be difficult to source. Six samples were derived from three common plants cultivated in many parts of the world: alugbati (Basella alba), camote (Ipomoea batatas), and ube (Diescorea alata L.). Without the use of hazardous solvents such as alcohol, these samples were extracted by boiling them in plain water. The extracts were then qualified for indicator use by observing color changes in a strong acid-strong base titration. The results from one-sample t-tests showed that four out of the six natural samples tested closely mimic the behavior of the indicator phenolphthalein, thereby providing the potential to replace this popular synthetic indicator in school chemistry demonstrations. This safe and inexpensive way to do colorful titrations without the synthetic chemical may be replicated anywhere where these plants grow, and opportunities exist for further testing using other dyed plants. The simplicity of the preparation provides for a more appealing approach in teaching some difficult concepts in Chemistry.

Keywords: green chemistry, plant extracts, natural indicators, chemistry education

150 6th international scholars’ conference 151 Doli Situmeang UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

Effects of Hormones in Media Subculture Shoots to the Height of Plantlet Paprika (Capsicum annum var grossum L.) In Vitro Doli Situmeang Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Culture is one of the methods for propagation of plant in order to have more production in a shorter time. Paprika (Capsicum annum Var Grossum L.) is a plant that needed mass production due to the limitation of plants. The price of seed plant is expensive and in order to have mass production, the tissue culture method is helping the farmers to produce more plants. The plant is derived from eggplant or Solanaceae that tastes sweet and slightly spicy. Paprika has many benefits such as flavoring or cooking ingredients, it is also used as a food coloring agent. It contains carotene and is a good source of vitamin C. This study was conducted to determine the effect of hormones on subculture medium shoots to the height of planlets paprika (Capsicum annum var Grossum L.) in vitro using spider red star variety of paprika. There were two different hormones used in this research, namelyGiberellin , and Naphtalene Acetic Acid. We also studied the effect of the Combination of the two hormones, with one control sample without hormone. The results revealed that the effect of Giberellin hormone with 4 ppm dose showed the best results, with a height mean of 2.09 cm.

Keywords: tissue culture, hormones, paprika

152 6th international scholars’ conference 153 Science, Technology and Engineering

Yanna Yvonne Macayan ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

YANNA YVONNE MACAYAN RECEIVED HER BS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY DEGREE FROM THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE HAS BEEN TEACHING CLINICAL CHEMISTRY, HEMATOLOGY AND BLOOD BANKING AT THE SAME INSTITUTION FOR MORE THAN EIGHT YEARS. SHE IS ALSO A MEMBER OF THE PHILIPPINE ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOLS OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH.

Comparison of the Anticoagulant Property of Freshly- Collected and Powderized Latex of the Unripe Fruit of Carica Papaya Viana Heudel M. Gonzaga, Denzie Nicole C. de Guzman, Gleidelyn M. Malaguit and Yanna Yvonne C. Macayan Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Studies claim that Carica papaya latex (CPL) has anticoagulant and antiplatelet properties as opposed to it being known in natural medicine to promote wound healing. In this experimental-intervention study, the researchers intended to ascertain only the anticoagulant property of CPL. The researchers used incidental sampling in obtaining fruit latex from accessible Carica papaya trees; as well as in drawing blood from 30 random people around the campus, mostly students. Informed consent was distributed and signed by the participants and the study was approved by the university’s research ethics committee. CPL was used in two different preparations; first, in a freshly- collected form, second in its powderized form. The samples were tested for its Prothrombin Time (PT) and for its Activated Partial Prothrombin Time (aPTT). The samples were run three times; to get the normal parameters first, and then each for both the preparations mentioned a forehand. The PT and aPTT are significantly prolonged (p = <0.05) in the powderized form of CPL, having values of 15.71 and 33.74 seconds respectively compared to the control results of 12. 32 and 28.14 seconds respectively. Whereas, the freshly-collected CPL significantly decreased p( = <0.05) the clotting time for both tests, having results of 1.96 and 9.01 seconds, respectively. This study showed that only the powderized preparation of CPL has anticoagulant properties. Thus, the powderized form of CPL can be utilized through further studies as a potential principal component of drugs used to address coagulation disorders and/or those in under anticoagulant therapy.

Keywords: Carica papaya, latex, anticogualant, Prothrombin Time, Activated Partial Prothrombin Time

152 6th international scholars’ conference 153 Joshua H. L. Tobing UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

Plant Growth Regulators and Tubers as Medium for the Growth Rate of White Oyster Mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) Mycelium Joshua H. L. Tobing, Reinhard William Nussy, Donn R. Ricky Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Research on tissue culture method on White Oyster Mushroom is being done mainly for the purpose of production. To increase the amount of production some methods are still being done by researchers. In this research, boiled tubers (cassava, potato, sweet potato, and canna) are the four different growth media used. In the experimental group, the different kinds of growth media were added with 2 ppm of growth hormone regulator (ZPT), Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and Kinetin (N6-furfuryladenine); while the control group was without the growth hormone regulator (non-ZPT). The data of this study is the length of the mycelium. The results of the study showed that: (a) ZPT does not significantly affect the growth of mushroom mycelium with p = 0.639; (b) the types of growth media used significantly affects the mycelium growth p = 0.005. Duncan Multiple Range Test shows that canna tuber and sweet potato give the most to the significance of the analysis, thus they are the best growth media; (c) the length of time, as indicated by the time of measuring the length of the mycelium of the experimental group, significantly affects withp = 0.000. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) shows that the seventh time of measurement is the best; (d) in the interaction of ZPT, non- ZPT, and types of media significantly influence the growth of the mycelium with p = 0.000; (e) the interaction of ZPT, non-ZPT, and tuber media on time does not significantly affect the growth of the mycelium withp = 0.562; (f) the interaction of the types of growth media and time media do not significantly affect the growth of the mycelium withp = 0.924; (g) ZPT, non-ZPT tuber, and time medium do not affect the growth of white oyster mushroom mycelium with p = 0.791.

Keywords: Pleurotus ostreatus, tubers, growth hormone regulators (ZPT), tissue culture

154 6th international scholars’ conference 155 Science, Technology and Engineering

Mary Cyrin Victoria C. Defino ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MARY CYRIN VICTORIA C. DEFINO IS A REGISTERED MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIST WHO CURRENTLY SERVES AS A CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR IN THE MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Anticoagulant Activity of Amaranthus viridis Mary Cyrin Victoria C. Defino Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Anticoagulant is essential to stop the natural clotting of collected blood, or else it will be unsustainable for tests, particularly the complete blood count (CBC). Complete Blood Count is the most often requested test on hematology laboratory. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is considered to be the best anticoagulant for the said test. The purpose of the study was to determine if extracts of Amaranthus viridis can be used as a potential alternative blood anticoagulant. The study used various concentrations of the Amaranthus viridis extract. The anticoagulant activity was investigated through the observation of clot in the samples being tested. Moreover, blood samples with the extract were also tested for complete blood count on a certain period of time and was compared to the results of EDTA blood. Results showed Amaranthus viridis extract was comparable to EDTA in effectively preventing the blood from clotting. Moreover, results of complete blood count showed no significant differences as compared to the result of EDTA blood, except for the results of the platelet count and WBC count. WBC counts were still within normal range after two hours of testing. Thus, the study concluded that Amaranthus viridis extract is a potential laboratory anticoagulant and can be utilized for complete blood count but only for the first two hours.

Keywords: EDTA, anticoagulant, Amaranthus viridis, complete blood count

154 6th international scholars’ conference 155 Ferdinand A. Esplana ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MR. FERDINAND A. ESPLANA IS AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT THE BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

The Life Cycle of Tussock Moth (Lymantria curvifera) and the Phytochemical Analysis of the Host Plant, Talisay Tree (Terminalia catappa) Lorna Mavingeri, Abel Simatele, Ferdinand A. Esplana Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Talisay trees were infested by numerous black unknown larvae that left it entirely leafless at the Adventist University of the Philippines campus. No record of infestation among Talisay trees has been established that prompted the researchers to study the life cycle of the larvae and the host plant. This study examined the relationship between the Tussock moth (Lymantria curvifera) specie and its host plant, Talisay tree (Terminalia catappa). More so, the study aimed to identify the phytochemicals present in the Talisay tree. Results showed that the tree is rich in glycosides and tannins that aid in the moth’s life cycle development. Other phytochemicals present in the tree include flavonoids, saponins and sterols. The entire life cycle of the Tussock moth takes two months to complete from oviposition to adult. After oviposition, it takes an average of five days for the egg to hatch to larvae. The larvae starts with a smooth body, as it develops, the body develops hairy tussocks. The larval stage progresses to the pupal stage after an average of five days and an average of seventeen days to become a fully developed adult moth.

Keywords: oviposition, host plant, phytochemicals, life cycle

156 6th international scholars’ conference 157 Science, Technology and Engineering

Ciriaco T. Ragual MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY

College Readiness in Mathematics of Senior High School Graduating Students in the Schools District of Paoay Rick Harley P. Bolibol. Jessa G. Rosete and Ciriaco T. Ragual Mariano Marcos State University

Abstract: This study primarily determined the college readiness of the Senior High School graduating students as measured by their performance in mathematics. Specifically, it assessed the level of performance in mathematics and level of performance in producing all forms of text, and determined the readiness index of Senior High School graduating students. This descriptive study used 167 randomly selected Senior High School graduating students from four schools in Paoay. The students answered a 50-item validated College Advanced Placement Examination in Algebra and Trigonometry (CAPEAT) and composed 10-15 sentences that describe how they understand mathematics, where it was being used, and the roles of mathematics in their world. Results showed that the majority of the students got low score in the CAPEAT. Most of the students got higher score in Algebra than in Trigonometry. The general mean score of the students is 30.90%. The students are generally low in the mathematics reflection composition (MRC) as evidenced by the modal score of 1 which means that the students are able to elicit the ideas and concepts of the guide questions but show erroneous understanding of these. In general, School B has surpassed the district mean in both CAPEAT and MRC. School D surpassed only the district mean in MRC but not in CAPEAT. Both Schools A and C were not able to exceed the district mean in both CAPEAT and MRC. The college readiness in mathematics of the Senior High School graduating students in the school district of Paoay got low scores and the students need to exert more effort in mathematics. They need to focus and understand the concepts in Algebra and Trigonometry to improve their performance. Moreover, the students must review the concepts learned to be ready in tertiary mathematics.

Keywords: mathematics, senior high school, readiness in mathematics

156 6th international scholars’ conference 157 Jane L. Rodriguez ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

JANE L. RODRIGUEZ IS AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AND CURRENTLY CHAIR OF THE COLLEGE OF NURSING LEVEL II AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Phytochemical Composition and Antifungal Efficacy of Phaleria macrocarpa (Mahkota Dewa Fruit) Extract against Candida albicans Chelsea Sundah, Diether Jon Rejuso Rejuso, Mikko Trinidad, Jane Rodriguez Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The study aimed to determine the phytochemical composition and anti-fungal efficacy of Phaleria macrocarpaMahkota ( Dewa) fruit extract against Candida albicans. The results of the phytochemical analysis revealed that Flavonoids and Triterpenes are the abundant followed by Tannins with moderate content. Traces of sterols, glycosides, and alkaloids were found. However, tests for the presence of saponins revealed that there were no traces of saponins in the extract. The antifungal susceptibility test results also revealed that P. Macrocarpa fruit extract, had no inhibitory activity and no reactivity against the test organism Candida albicans. The study recommends that a high level of concentration of the P. Macrocarpa fruit extract must be used for the antifungal susceptibility tests. Furthermore, it recommends that future researchers must develop their own scientific methods in preparing the extract.

Keywords: phaleria macrocarpa, candidas albicans, efficacy

158 6th international scholars’ conference 159 Science, Technology and Engineering

Lorcelie B. Taclan ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. LORCELIE B. TACLAN IS AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES WHERE SHE ALSO SERVES AS ONE OF THE RESEARCH CONSULTANTS.

Dehumidification Efficiency (DHE) of the Automated Multi Commodity Heat Pump Dryer (AMCHPD) Lorcelie B. Taclan, Emson Y. Taclan, Roy Ephraim M. Umpad, Darwin Garduque, Jolly S. Balila and Miriam P. Narbarte Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The inside condition of the drying air (% relative humidity) in a drying process is a crucial parameter to consider during the dehydration of commodities but this is often neglected yielding to food losses. The study identified the dehumidification efficiency of the Automated Multi Commodity Heat Pump Dryer (AMCHPD) in terms of the percent Relative humidity, ambient (RHa) and Relative humidity, desired (RHd). The AMCHPD was set to drying process using 5 selected fruits and vegetables, namely: mango, pineapple, moringa, saluyot and ube, respectively. From each drying process, the RHa and RHd were recorded in a database using a Raspberry pi. Average RHa and RHd were calculated using MS Excel. The % DHE was calculated using the formula: HE= (RHa-RHd)/RHa x 100 . Research findings revealed that the average RHa using the 5 commodities is 80.0% and the average RHd is 18.0% yielding to a 77.5% DHE. This means that the % RHd required to extract the initial moisture content of the commodities dehydrated is within the standard which is > or = to 18.0% and the calculated % DHE falls within the standard simulated in a convective drying method. Thus, the assembly of the major components of the AMCHPD was appropriate such that the operating conditions of the drying system isconditions of the drying system are ideal.

Keywords: multi-commodity heat pump dryer, relative humidity, dehumidification efficiency

158 6th international scholars’ conference 159 Jacquline Morlav S. Waworundeng UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

JACQULINE MORLAV S. WAWORUNDENG RECEIVED A BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING FROM UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI IN 2007 AND A MASTER OF ENGINEERING FROM INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG IN 2011. HER RESEARCH INTERESTS CENTERED ON COMPUTER NETWORKS, CONTROL SYSTEMS, IOT AND ROBOTICS. SHE WORKS AS A LECTURER AT COMPUTER SCIENCE FACULTY IN UNIVERSITAS KLABAT.

Prototype of Gas Detector with IoT Platform for Notification and Monitoring System Jacquline Morlav S. Waworundeng Universitas Klabat

Abstract: The aim of this research is to build a simple prototype of gas detector based on microcontroller which is integrated with MQ2 gas sensor that can detect harmful gases. The design of this research is based on Prototyping method. Data are gathered through gas sensor and send to Internet of Things platforms. Wemos board is preferred as microcontroller because it has a build- in wifi module to pass the input data from MQ2 gas sensor to internet. MQ2 connected toWemos board processed the output voltage and measure the sensor threshold. When the harmful gases level detected beyond the sensor threshold, the output voltage is also increased, vice versa. The detector is connected to Thingspeak that record the data from the MQ2 gas sensor through graphic chart. For notification purpose, the gas detector using Blynk apps which alert user through smartphone. The result of this study is a gas detector prototype that potentially used as a monitoring or alert system to minimize the risk of harmful gases leakage.

Keywords: monitoring system, notification, gas detector, IoT, sensor

160 6th international scholars’ conference 161 Science, Technology and Engineering

Naomi A. Ubina ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

Development of ISU FlipBoard as an Online Collaborative Tool for Teaching and Learning Naomi A. Ubina, Alvin Marayag Isabela State University

Abstract: Academic institutions can use technology to achieve better learning and teaching collaboration among students themselves and teachers to fill the gap of the traditional learning set-up and the use of Internet. The study designed and developed an online collaborative tool for teaching and learning called the ISU FlipBoard. Specifically, it utilized the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Model as the software model, and was subjected to user- acceptance test evaluate the effectiveness in terms of usability. The RAD software model incorporated the phases of analysis and quick design; iteration process of build, demonstrate and refine; testing; implementation. After development, a survey questionnaire was distributed to 158 students and 11 teachers for the evaluation of its ease of use, appropriateness and over-all performance. Results were computed using weighted mean, frequency count, percentages and ordinal logistic regression; Likert Scale was used for the interpretation. Results revealed that the respondents find the FlipBoard to be very easy to use and its interface design to be very appropriate. For its over-all performance, faculty members gave an“average” performance rating while students perceived it to be “high” performance. The capability of students in using the WWW has an effect on the ease of use, appropriateness and over-all performance rating. At present, the FlipBoard provides class and quiz management, learning workspace for discussions and collaboration, announcements/information dissemination, class calendar (displays deadlines/events/class activities) and instructional materials available for students. The FlipBoard should be utilized by everyone in the campus incorporating suggestions given during the evaluation.

Keywords: collaboration, educational tool, online learning

160 6th international scholars’ conference 161 Houtman Elysha Sinaga UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

DR. HOUTMAN ELYSHA SINAGA IS ONE OF THE TEACHERS OF UNAI POST GRADUATE STUDIES. HE WAS THE FORMER SSD MINISTERIAL SECRETARY.

Spiritual Gifts and Servant Leadership on the Growth of Small Group Ministries in Selected Places in Indonesia as Basis for Program Development Houtman Elysha Sinaga Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: The phenomenon of increasing number of baptism but decreasing church members has plagued almost all churches including the Adventist churches in Jakarta Local Conference. Most of the baptized people came from the front door and went out to the back door. To solve this problem, the researcher suggested small group ministry. To utilize small group ministry, people need to understand the variables that contribute to its success.Therefore, this study determined the relationship between servant leadership and spiritual gifts on small groups in selected places. Descriptive survey design utilizing purposive sampling was employed to discover the relations among three variables (small groups, spiritual gifts, and servant leadership). Each variable is composed of four aspects: (a) spiritual gifts = teaching, evangelism, giving, and hospitality; (b) servant leadership = service to others, holistic approach, promoting a sense of community, and sharing of power in decision making; (c) small group growth = discipleship, nurturing, retaining, and reclaiming. Two hundred fifty questionnaires were distributed among small group leaders in Jakarta Local Conference but only 143 were retrieved and analyzed. Result showed that there is a significant relationship between spiritual gifts and servant leadership on small group growth. The most dominant aspect of spiritual gifts is teaching; while the highest aspect for servant leadership is the willingness to share their power. Based on the result, the author proposed a program to help the small group ministry. This study verifies that small group ministry could reverse the trend of decreasing church membership; identifies aspects which lead to the success and growth of small group ministry; and the proposed program helps the local pastors in developing an ideal and healthy small group ministry.

Keywords: spiritual gifts, small group ministry, evangelism

162 6th international scholars’ conference 163 Theology

Budi Harwanto UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

DR. BUDI HARWANTO SERVES AS A LECTURER OF CHURCH MINISTRY AND MISSION OF THEOLOGY DEPARTMENT AT UNIVERSITAS KLABAT. HE RECEIVED A PHD DEGREE FROM AIIAS THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. HE EXPERIENCES BOTH PASTORAL AND ACADEMIC ROLES. HIS PRIMARY FOCUS HAS BEEN ON DISCIPLESHIP IN RELATIONSHIP TO SPIRITUAL LIFE, CHURCH MINISTRY AND MISSION.

Transformational Leadership and Church Ministry Effectiveness: A Predictive Study at Selected Adventist Churches in Indonesia Budi Harwanto Universitas Klabat

Abstract: The practice of transformational leadership behavior (TLB) and organizational effectiveness has been a large amount of study in recent years. Research has found that transformational leadership is one of the most significant contributors to organizational performance and outcomes. However, there is only a little research done on the link between TLB and church ministry effectiveness (CME) in Adventist Church setting. This paper explored the influence of TLB to CME. A total of 525 church members participated in this study from five local missions and conferences in East Indonesia Union Conference (EIUC) of Seventh-day Adventist (SDA). The findings showed that: (1) using Pearson’s correlation, all dimensions of TLB (idealized influence, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration, and inspirational motivation) and CME (worship service, evangelism, fellowship, group Bible study, and fellowship) have a positive and significant relationship, and (2) using multiple regression analysis, all dimensions of TLB help predict the variance in CME.

Keywords: church leadership, transformational leadership, church ministry, church organization effectiveness

162 6th international scholars’ conference 163 Yoanes Sinaga ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

YOANES SINAGA IS A PHD STUDENT MAJORING IN INTERCULTURAL STUDIES FROM ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES IN THE PHILIPPINES. WHILE STUDYING AS A DOCTORATE STUDENT, HE IS ALSO SERVING AS A CHURCH ADVISOR IN THE INDONESIAN FELLOWSHIP MANILA AND AS ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT IN THE PHILIPPINE FRONTIER MISSION.

Mission Theology of Worship: A Framework in Reaching The Postmodern Generation in Jakarta, Indonesia Yoanes Sinaga Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: The rise of postmodern influence in Jakarta triggers a change of perspective among the younger generation which is contrary to the core values of older generations. However, the Adventist church members in Indonesia adopted a rigid form of worship theology that hindered a more flexible evangelistic approach in reaching postmodern generation.This attitude toward worship signifies a perplexing theological and practical problem that need to be addressed to make the gospel more relevant to the current generations. In order to address this issue, it is necessary to develop a mission theology of worship that enables the church to reach more effectively the younger generation who has been influenced by postmodern worldview. There were three purposes that served as the foundation of the research. First, to explore the biblical understanding of worship; second, to observe the impact of post modernistic worldview upon the people in Jakarta; and third, to establish a mission theology of worship which will give the church the needed framework in ministering to the younger generations who seem apathetical toward the Adventist gospel. After an extensive analysis of both Old and New Testament, the author developed seven statements which form a theological framework of worship in reaching postmodern generations in Indonesia.

Keywords: post-modern generation, attitude towards worship, mission theology of worship

164 6th international scholars’ conference 165 Theology

Good Meet UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MR. GOOD MEET IS A BACHELOR IN PHILOSOPHY FROM UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA, INDONESIA. CURRENTLY, HE IS AN ASSISTANT PASTOR AT THE MELATI SEVENTH DAY ADVENTIST CHURCH IN PEKANBARU, AND ALSO A TEACHER FOR ENGLISH AND RELIGION SUBJECT IN THIS CHURCH’S SCHOOL.

Theological View of “Marching Band Prayer” as Part of Evangelistic Project Good Meet and Milton T. Pardosi Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: The story of Israel’s victory when it conquered the city of Jericho was remarkable. God gave Israel a tremendous victory. They had to compass the city once a day for six days, and seven times on the seventh day. Then the wall fell down flat and Israel won the battle. Based on this story, some Christians nowadays practice the Israelite’s victory over the city of Jericho in terms of evangelism, winning a soul, praying for the sick, and in a great event like evangelistic meeting that ends up to baptism. They’re doing a program where they walk or commute just to visit houses, compass a place, a region, or a target city and then pray. The concepts to be questioned are: 1. How is the correct prayer: concerning the content and the way to pray? 2. Is it important for the target of prayer to know that those who get involved in the project are praying for the target? Through this research the author conclude that the story of Israel’s victory over Jericho was God’s plan and under his command and instruction. Victory directly comes from God as written in Joshua 6:2, 3, “And the LORD said unto Joshua, See, I have given into thine hand Jericho, and the king thereof, and the mighty men of valour, and ye shall compass the city.” The author suggests that Seventh-day Adventist members do not do these. The Lord gave his people nowadays strategy in spreading the gospel, how to heal the sick, how to encourage, and how to win a soul.

Keywords: compass the target, prayer

164 6th international scholars’ conference 165 Youssry Guirguis ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. YOUSSRY GUIRGUIS IS A GRADUATE OF ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES AND IS NOW WITH THE FACULTY OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES, ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, THAILAND.

Biblical Principles on Responsible Parenthood in a World Challenged by Uncertainty Youssry Guirguis and Warren A. Shipton Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: In the increasingly uncertain world in which we find ourselves, parenthood brings difficulties and responsibilities. The scriptures provide sound advice on the principles that might direct decisions before parenthood is entertained. These include considerations encompassing the physical, mental, social, and spiritual domains. Are we able to provide the guidance and support necessary in the environment we find ourselves? In making these decisions, alternative interpretations are suggested regarding the instruction to “fill” the earth and to have “dominion” over it. An overarching instruction given in scripture is for the human family to reason analytically and creatively. This encompasses all aspects of human endeavor.

Keywords: responsible parenthood, Christian responsibilities, higher mental abilities

166 6th international scholars’ conference 167 Theology

Gabby Jed C. Galgao ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

GABBY JED C. GALGAO IS AN INSTRUCTOR AT THE FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES, ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY.

Text Mining Analysis of the Conflict of the Ages Series Darrin Thomas and Gabby Jed C. Galgao Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: Research regarding the writings of Ellen White has primarily relied on qualitative measures to develop insights and themes. Consequently, quantitative measures have been largely left unused in this regard. The purpose of this study was to help fill this gap through quantitative text mining analysis of Ellen White’s Conflict of the Ages series utilizing an exploratory design that used word frequencies, word clouds, and topical models to discover themes. Themes were created using topic models derived from the latent Dirichlet allocation (DLA) algorithm. Results revealed the word frequencies of each of the five books in the series as well as an aggregation of the word used in the Conflict of the Ages series as a whole. A four-theme model was developed which included (a) God and His people, (b) Evangelism, (c) Old Testament concepts, and (d) Prophecy. Further findings showed that words such as “Christ”, “Lord”, and “God” were the most frequently used terms in the series, making the Conflict of the Ages series primarily Christ-centered in terms of word frequency. Continuing text mining analysis on writings of Ellen White is suggested for further study and validation of these results.

Keywords: text mining, Ellen White, topical models, Conflict of the Ages

166 6th international scholars’ conference 167 Nestor C. Rilloma MANILA ADVENTIST COLLEGE

DR. NESTOR C. RILLOMA IS THE DEAN FOR ACADEMIC AFFAIRS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE AND ACCREDITATION OFFICER OF ADVENTIST MEDICAL CENTER MANILA AND COLLEGES. PRIOR TO THIS, HE WAS THE PRESIDENT OF NORTHERN LUZON ADVENTIST COLLEGE AND HEAD OF ITS THEOLOGY DEPARTMENT. HE ALSO SERVED PHILIPPINE PUBLISHING HOUSE AS EDITOR-IN-CHIEF OF THE FLAGSHIP JOURNAL, HEALTH AND HOME, AND VICE PRESIDENT FOR EDITORIAL AFFAIRS. HE HOLDS A THD DEGREE FROM THE ASIA BAPTIST GRADUATE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY.

The Imperative of Biblical Languages in Adventist Theological Education: Importance and Implications Nestor C. Rilloma Manila Adventist College

Abstract: This article revisited the foundation of why biblical languages are important in the theological and biblical education of the Seventh-day Adventist Church-operated colleges, universities and seminaries belting the world. It unveiled the reasons why the study of biblical Hebrew and Greek are included in the theological curriculum as essential components of a rounded preparation of the pastor in handling the word of God. It was the intention of the author to review the scriptural and historical reflections of biblical scholars in the playing field of theological studies that includes hermeneutics, homiletics, exegesis, and biblical criticism. Biblical languages, as a field of discipline, promote a balance approach to the context of inspiration in the incarnational model revelation. The word of God in the language of man is a paradoxical truth that calls for understanding the role of biblical languages in God’s revelation of Himself and His will to finite mortal beings. This article challenged all who handle the interpretation and proclamation of the Bible and its contents to consider it as a holy ground in the exploration of the human mind as the reader wrestles with the reality of God’s transcendence and immanence.

Keywords: Hebrew, Greek, Aramaic, biblical languages, curriculum, Adventist, theological education, revelation, inspiration, biblical criticism, exegesis, hermeneutics, homiletics, translation and transliteration

168 6th international scholars’ conference 169 Theology

Petronio M. Genebago ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

PETRONIO M. GENEBAGO IS A PH.D. STUDENT IN OLD TESTAMENT AT THE ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES (AIIAS) IN SILANG, CAVITE, PHILIPPINES. HE EARNED HIS MAR IN BIBLICAL LANGUAGES IN THE SAME INSTITUTION. HE IS AN INSTRUCTOR AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES (AUP). HE HAS SERVED IN PASTORAL MINISTRY AND AS A DEPARTMENTAL DIRECTOR IN THE PHILIPPINES.

Inner-Biblical Allusion of the Day of the Lord in Malachi 1:2-5 and its Thematic Function Petronio M. Genebago Adventist University of the Philippines, Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: Scholars generally focus on discussing the concept of the Day of the LORD (DOL) in Malachi 3:1-5 and 4:1-6 but hardly touch on the DOL allusion in Mal. 1:2-5. The purpose of the study was to establish the DOL allusion in Mal. 1:2-5 and to determine the thematic function of the concept of the “the Day of the LORD” in Malachi. This study, employing the Inner- biblical Allusion and Exegesis method, established that Mal. 1:2-5 alluded to the DOL thematically and linguistically as indicated by the following Hebrew .לַּ֣דְגִי (and (h ;סַרָה (g) ;תֹו֔אָבְצ (f) ;הָּבְרָח (e) ,םֹו֜דֱא (d) ,ׁשַׁשָר (c) ,ןַּת (b) ,הָ֔מָמְׁש (terms: (a Historically, structurally, and linguistically, Edom had experienced desolation already upon the writing of Malachi. Some of the thematic functions of the historical DOL in this passage are (a) it serves as a thematic inclusion in the book of Malachi. The first one in Malachi 1:2-5 is a historical DOL and the latter in Mal. 4:1-6 seems to be eschatological. It shows that Malachi purposely structured his book to start with DOL and ends with DOL, (b) it shows that the “Jacob and Esau/Edom” theme does not stop in Mal. 1:2-5 but extends in Malachi 4:1-6, (c) it serves as a reminder of God’s love for Judah and a warning at the same time. It will be a fruitful study, which this paper recommends, if Mal. 3:1-5 and Mal. 4:1-6 will be studied deeper in connection with Mal. 1:2-5 in the context of DOL.

Keywords: day of the Lord, eschatology, allusion, Malachi, inner-biblical

168 6th international scholars’ conference 169 Ismael P. Cabason ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

PASTOR ISMAEL P. CABASON IS A GRADUATE OF BACHELOR OF ARTS, PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION AT PHILIPPINE , NOW ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN 1988; MASTER OF ARTS IN RELIGION AT AIIAS IN 2012; AND MASTER OF ARTS IN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AT NLAC IN 2013. HE WORKED AS CHURCH/ DISTRICT PASTOR, DEPARTMENTAL DIRECTOR, ADMINISTRATOR IN NORTHERN LUZON MISSION. HE ALSO SERVED AS INSTRUCTOR TO THE COLLEGE OF THEOLOGY (COT) AT NORTHERN LUZON ADVENTIST COLLEGE. AT PRESENT, HE SERVES AS COT INSTRUCTOR AT AUP.

Which Law Serves for the Christians as “Tutor” to Christ? Ismael P. Cabason Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Among the epistles of Paul, the book of Galatians along with Romans, are considered by many readers as theologically difficult. Especially in his indiscriminate use of the word law. In Galatians 3 alone, the term law has been used more than ten times. One of the issues in this particular letter, is, when Paul claims that “the law was our tutor to bring us to Christ” (Gal 3:24 NKJV). The Old Testament alone has 600 laws. The questions that emerged: first, which law − natural, ceremonial, moral, civil, dietary and health, social, purity − serve as the tutor of the Christians to Christ? Second, the word tutor from Greek paidagogos, in what sense does the law become the tutor to Christ? The result of the study showed that the laws are the Christians’ tutor to Christ. All the ceremonial laws, though temporary in its duration, contained in ordinances in all His types and sacrifices; and the moral law, as enduring, showed the absolute need of a Redeemer served as tutor to Christ. The tutor functions as the guardian, trainer, supervisor, protector, in-charge, trustworthy slave, custodian and disciplinarian conduct the pupil to the Christ.

Keywords: law, tutor, pupil, ceremonial law, natural law

170 6th international scholars’ conference 171 Theology

Dr. Julio C. Amurao ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. JULIO C. AMURAO SERVES AS THE DEAN OF THE COLLEGE OF THEOLOGY AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN SILANG, CAVITE, PHILIPPINES.

A Biblical Study of 1 Timothy 4:1, 2 on Unclean Food Julio C. Amurao Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Paul was the reliable and dependable spiritual-leadership mentor of the young minister, Timothy, whom he assigned in the church of Ephesus. He made him aware and conscious of the ongoing and possible future challenges of his ministry. His pastoral letter to Timothy warned him of iterant false teachers who wanted to become teachers of the law but knew nothing about the law. Some would be apostatized by seducing spirits and doctrine of the demons (1Tim 1:1, 3, 4, 7). This ongoing incident disturbed the Ephesian church. Paul’s statement says, “For everything God created is good, and nothing to be rejected if it is received with thanksgiving” (1Tim 4:4). This is the bone of contention within biblical scholarship. The apostle’s declaration has been taken as blanket authority that all unclean food is no longer a biblical issue. Two questions emerge. First, does the text nullify the health and dietary laws in Deuteronomy (14) and Leviticus (11)? Second, what was the real issue why Paul made such statement and what is its contextual background? This research points out that what Paul says was the biblical standard, and cannot be used as categorical. The issue has to do with Greek and Jewish philosophies that crept into the Ephesian church considered as seduction of evil spirit and doctrine of demons. The biblical understanding of the passage has nothing to do seemingly with nullification of dietary laws.

Keywords: clean, unclean, food, marriage, false teacher, false teaching, doctrine of the demons

170 6th international scholars’ conference 171 Yoanes Sinaga ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

YOANES SINAGA IS A PHD STUDENT MAJORING IN INTERCULTURAL STUDIES FROM ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES IN THE PHILIPPINES. WHILE STUDYING AS A DOCTORATE STUDENT, HE IS ALSO SERVING AS A CHURCH ADVISOR IN THE INDONESIAN FELLOWSHIP MANILA AND AS ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT IN THE PHILIPPINE FRONTIER MISSION.

Shared Leadership and Bataknese Culture: Its Prospects and Implementations Yoanes Sinaga Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: Tensions between Bataknese cultural traditions and the beliefs of Adventist church has often occurred among the members. Many researches has discussed on various controversial Bataknese cultural practices, but less attention has been given to Bataknese worldview on leadership and its impact to the West Indonesia Union Mission at large. Bataknese leadership style and worldview is heavily influenced by Dalihan na Tolu and the three philosophy of Batak way of life (Hamoraon, Hagabeon, Hasangapon). This resulted in a competitive, centralized, and hierarchical style of leadership. In contrast with this, leadership theorist has developed the “shared leadership” system where responsibilities are distributed equally among the ranks. The question at hand is whether this theory is compatible with Bataknese culture. The purpose of this research was threefold, first was to analyze shared leadership theory in the light of biblical understanding and principles of leadership. Second, was to examine the compatibility of shared leadership within Bataknese context and culture. Third, was to design an implementation program. In conducting this study, the researcher utilized documentary research as its methodology. Bible and books about shared leadership and Bataknese culture were utilized as literary sources. Based on these sources, the author concluded that biblical model of shared leadership is not compatible with Bataknese cultural model of leadership.

Keywords: practical theology, leadership, Bataknese culture, Bataknese worldview, shared leadership

172 6th international scholars’ conference 173 Theology

Rico T. Javien ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. RICO T. JAVIEN HOLDS AB THEOLOGY AT MOUNTAIN VIEW COLLEGE, MA AND PHD SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY AT ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES. HE SERVES THE COLLEGE OF THEOLOGY AND COLLEGE OF MEDICINE AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

The “Immanuel” of Isaiah 7:14: Immediate Single Fulfillment or Distance Dual Future Messianic Prophecy? Rico T. Javien Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The great Messianic prophecy of Isaiah 7:14 that states: “Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a Son, and shall call His name Immanuel.” This prophetic utterance of Isaiah regarding Immanuel has been considered difficult to be resolved. As a result, it has provoked endless controversy from both scholars from the Old Testament and the New Testament. A number of interpretative positions have been advanced by scholars from different camps and yet they have not arrived to a consensus. For instance, it was argued that the Immanuel was restricted only in the time of Isaiah, never in the New Testament. Another view holds that it was a near future in the prophet’s own time and the remote New Testament fulfilment as recorded in Matthew’s Gospel. The varied interpretations have been carefully analyzed through contextual settings and time frame factors. The study asserts that the Immanuel according to contextual analysis has dual fulfillment: first, there was immediate Immanuel at the time of the prophet Isaiah; second, the final Immanuel arrived more than seven hundred years later, when Jesus was born.

Keywords: Immanuel, virgin, messianic, prophecy

172 6th international scholars’ conference 173 Suryanica Aristas Pasuhuk UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

DR. SURYANICA ARISTAS PASUHUK IS A LECTURER AND THE DEAN OF THE THEOLOGY DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITAS KLABAT. HE FINISHED HIS PHD IN SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY FROM ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES, PHILIPPINES. THE FOCUS OF HIS RESEARCH IS TO ANALYZE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DOCTRINE OF TRINITY AND THE DOCTRINE OF HUMANITY

Relationship between the Doctrines of Trinity and Humanity from the Theological Viewpoints Suryanica Aristas Pasuhuk Universitas Klabat

Abstract: This research analyzed the relationship between the doctrine of Trinity and the doctrine of humanity. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the word Elohim (plural) and trinity, a unity of three coeternal persons and their relationship to the doctrine of humanity, especially terminology body, soul and spirit as a threefold union. The Bible explains that human were created according to God’s image and likeness (Gen 1:26, 27). The Hebrew word God in Genesis 1:26 is Elohim. According to theologians, the word Elohim implies Trinity. Adventists’ understanding of Trinity as stated in the Seventh- day Adventist Fundamental Belief, as follows: “There is one God: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit a unity of three coeternal Persons.” According to Ellen White in Education (p. 15), “When Adam came from the Creator’s hand; he bore, in his physical, mental, and spiritual nature, a likeness to his Maker.” Apostle Paul also writes in 1 Thessalonians 5:23 “… may your spirit and soul and body be preserved entire, without blame at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.” The Bible uses this term as a threefold union, to signify the unity of human being as a whole person.

Keywords: Trinity, threefold, Elohim

174 6th international scholars’ conference 175 Theology

Issac Immanuel Sinaga PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY

ISSAC IMMANUEL SINAGA HAILS FROM JAKARTA, INDONESIA. HE GRADUATED MASTERS IN DIVINITY FROM THE ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES (2015). HE HAS SERVED AS A PASTOR IN PALEMBANG, AND BANDAR LAMPUNG OF SOUTH MISSION, AND IS CURRENTLY TAKING UP DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN RELIGIOUS STUDIES AT PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY

Al Jumu’ah and the Sabbath: A Comparative Study of the Day of Worship and the Day of Congregation Isaac Immanuel Sinaga Philippine Christian University

Abstract: Al-Jumu’ah or a Friday prayer service for those of the Islamic faith, is an important occasion for them to worship, pray to and acknowledge Allah. In reflecting the occasion, one can find similarity as that in the Bible, wherein God specifically points out to a certain day to honor and worship Him. In the essence of both faith, time is an essential hour or day to worship the Creator, thus it bridges the two faiths in a definite, particular hour of worship to the Almighty. The history of Al-Jumu’ah, its conception and its practices is rooted at a particular time wherein Jews, and Sabbath-keeping people were known to Mohammad himself, and it is interesting to note that the possible historicity of the belief is profoundly similar in its practices to that of the keeping of the Sabbath; thus, it reckons the need for one to seek commonalities over the theology of Al’Jumu’ah and its practices in reflection to Seventh-Day Adventists’ understanding of the Sabbath. This paper found that both Al-Jumu’ah and the Sabbath profess to a special time created by the Creator to be honored, to either worship Him or to be in worship with one another to Him; it also found that both remarks of a time wherein this very space and time is not just meant for the reminder of what God has created or a creation retelling, but also an eschatological nuance of what it is to come. For the Seventh-Day Adventist, it is a foretelling of a taste of the Sabbath in heaven, and for Muslims it is a foretelling of an eschatological conclusion.

Keywords: Al Jumu’ah, Day of Worship, Day of Congregation

174 6th international scholars’ conference 175 Exson Eduaman Pane PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY

EXSON EDUAMAN PANE IS A PASTOR OF SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST CHURCH. HE SERVED AS A PASTOR IN NORTH SUMATRA ADVENTIST MISSION IN INDONESIA FROM 2003-2014. FROM 2014 TO 2016, HE PURSUED MA.R MAJOR IN SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY AT THE ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES, SILANG, CAVITE. FROM 2016- PRESENT, HE IS TAKING UP PH.D IN SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY AT PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, MANILA.

A Study on the Understanding of the Law and Sabbath in the Views of Martin Luther Exson Eduaman Pane Philippine Christian University

Abstract: Martin Luther was one of the greatest reformers in the sixteenth century. He led the revolt against the Roman Catholic Church, which hid biblical truths from the masses for many centuries. Luther confronted the Church by posting his 95 theses at Wittenberg on 31 October 1517. Luther promoted sola scriptura, which means the Scriptures is the source of all doctrines and teachings, and they provide authority for the Church. However, as Luther uplifted Sola Scriptura as the principle for understanding the Bible regarding the Ten Commandments, he argued that they did not refer to Christian life objectively. He insisted that Moses’ rendition of the Ten Commandments was simply his meditation on natural law of God written on all human hearts. Luther believed that the Ten Commandments were given to Moses for the Jews only. This meant that keeping the Law does not apply to Christians. During the Protestant Reformation, most Christians worship God on Sunday which they considered as the Lord’s Day. As the leading figure of the reformation, Luther did not emphasize the day of worship and the significance of Sabbath day. Although Luther believed that the Sabbath day was the day of rest and a part God’s law, he considered it equal to all other days and not a day God sanctified during creation. Luther’s understanding of the Law and Sabbath has a huge impact to Christians, generally. This paper studied and reviewed Luther’s view of the validity of the Law and Sabbath, and its relation to the Christians. To complete the study, the researcher used primary resources as found in Luther’s Works and included secondary sources.

Keywords: law, Sabbath, ten commandments

176 6th international scholars’ conference 177 Theology

Donny Chrissutianto ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

DONNY CHRISSUTIANTO IS AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES (AIIAS). HE IS TEACHING CHURCH HISTORY AND SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY.

Developing Understanding about the Reality of Heavenly Sanctuary throughout Centuries: An Adventist Perspective Donny Chrissutianto Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: The discussion about the reality of the heavenly sanctuary has been a long debate among scholars. Some believe the reality of the sanctuary in heaven but others deny the concept and its existence. Some scholars attempted to compromise it by accepting the concept of the heavenly sanctuary but not the reality. The purpose of this work was to see the development acceptance of this concept throughout the centuries. This paper argued that there were six stages of development in understanding the reality of the heavenly sanctuary. The first was among the Near East literature (before the Bible is written). There was an assumption about the reality of the heavenly sanctuary. The second stage covers the biblical period which showed the acceptance of the reality of this heavenly sanctuary. However, since the time of early church fathers to the medieval era, there was a denial to the reality of the literal heavenly sanctuary. The third stage was the restoration concept of the reality of the sanctuary in heaven. This period embraced the reformation time. The fourth development was a clarification of the reality of the heavenly sanctuary. This era was marked by the understanding of the Seventh-day Adventist Church about its existence and the role of Jesus Christ in the heavenly sanctuary. The last stage was the challenging idea to the heavenly sanctuary reality and its concept. Some Adventist scholars questioned the reality of the heavenly sanctuary. Thus, for Seventh-day Adventist Church, these challenges are an opportunity to develop this teaching in a more tangible way. This paper is a historical approach using documentary research method. For each development stage of the view, researcher utilizes primary resources. Secondary resources are employed only to see current opinions about the issue.

Keywords: heavenly sanctuary, Adventist, near east literature, church fathers, reformers

176 6th international scholars’ conference 177 Andresito P. Fernando ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

ANDRESITO P. FERNANDO SERVES AS ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT THE COLLEGE OF THEOLOGY, ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Suffering Motif in the Epistle to the Hebrews Andresito P. Fernando Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The rising popularity of prosperity gospel among many Christian circles tends to obscure the question on the reality of suffering in Christian experience. Prosperity theologians claim that those who accepted the Gospel would always experience affluent life. The inconsistency between the prosperity theology and the presence of hardships in Christian life calls for a reevaluation of the theme of suffering based on biblical viewpoint. The suffering motif is deeply embedded in the Epsitle to the Hebrews. The book of Hebrews presupposes the reality of suffering and offers key answers on why Christians experience hardships in life even though they are faithful to God. With this perspective in mind, this paper examines a major issue in the Epistle to the Hebrews; How does the book of Hebrews explain the presence and purpose of suffering in Christian life? Using the synthetic approach, this paper found that the presence of sufferings is an integral part of Christian life and in line with the Divine plan. Sufferings function as prophylactic against spiritual laxness and apostasy and motivate believers for further endurance and faithfulness. They escalate the anticipation of the promised eschatological reward. Thus, Christians should have a healthy and positive outlook in the midst of their suffering experiences.

Keywords: prosperity gospel, suffering, endurance, faithfulness, eschatological reward

178 6th international scholars’ conference 179 Theology

Yosep Surahman Situmeang UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

Theological Analysis of the Use of Clothes for Women in the Church Based on 1 timothy 2:9-10 Yosep Surahman Situmeang and Gerry C. J. Takaria M. Fil. Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: In this study the author tried to examine the use of clothing which is suitable for use by women in the Church based on the principle in 1 Timothy 2: 9-10. Simply put, this study was based on four indicators of discussion, namely: Definition of dressing with modesty 1 Timothy 2:9; The notion of dressing with shamefacedness according to 1 Timothy 2:9; The notion of dressing up by not braiding hair by 1 Timothy 2:9; and the meaning of costly attire in the context of 1 Timothy 2:9. The notion of dressing up appropriately on the basis of 1 Timothy 2: 9 means that women should wear clothing that does not invite sexual desire to those who look at it, and should also wear conservative attire. The notion of dressing up modestly according to 1 Timothy 2: 9 is that women will dress themselves respectfully; thus, will not wear impolite clothing. One of them is a narrow garment that will show body parts. The notion of dressing with no braids based on 1 Timothy 2: 9 is that women should not be busy spending time just to decorate their hair, and should not show any striking hairstyles. The notion of the meaning of costly attire in the context of 1 Timothy 2: 9 is a garment bought with a personal motive to boast.

Keywords: modest, shamefacedness, braided hair, costly attire

178 6th international scholars’ conference 179 Blasius Abin UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

BLASIUS ABIN, PHD WAS BORN IN MANGGARAI-FLORES, INDONESIA ON 1968. HE EARNED HIS BACHELOR IN PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION FROM KLABAT UNIVERSITY- MANADO, INDONESIA (1997) AND HIS MASTERS (M.DIV) AND DOCTORS (PHD) DEGREE FROM ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCE STUDIES, PHILIPPINES (2008/2013). HIS SPECIALIZATION IS BIBLICAL STUDIES, EMPHASIS IN OLD TESTAMENT. HE HAS BEEN A LECTURER AT FACULTY OF THEOLOGY OF KLABAT UNIVERSITY FROM 2003.

Biblical Perspective on Dinosaurs in Comparison to Traditional Paradigm Blasius Abin Universitas Klabat

Abstract: This article is not an exhaustive discussion of evolutionist’s tenet in contrast to Biblical perspective on dinosaurs. The depicting of dinosaurs’ evolution, the geologic timescale, the existence and extinction of dinosaurs has been covered by numerous publications. The researcher attempted to demonstrate that when one takes the events of history as given in the Bible, as well as the doctrines of Christianity (that are all ultimately, directly or indirectly, founded in Genesis 1-11), then an entire way of thinking can actually be developed that can be applied to all areas of the created universe. Once Christians understand this, they will find it easy to be able to give answers to a variety of question on dinosaurs. In order to achieve that purpose, this article discussed the conventional paradigm on dinosaurs and biblical perspective in comparison. Based on the result, once Christians believe and understand the Bible to the history book of the universe, they will be able understand the existence and extinction of dinosaurs.

Keywords: dinosaurs, creation, evolution

180 6th international scholars’ conference 181 Theology

Salvador Molina ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. SALVADOR T. MOLINA IS A PROFESSOR AT THE COLLEGE OF THEOLOGY, ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

College of Theology Bible Teachings and Its Perceived Effect to the Religious Beliefs of the Graduates of the Adventist University of the Philippines Samuel Sengiyumba and Salvador Molina Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Bible teaching is indispensable to Adventist education; however, there is dearth of literature to measure its perceived effects to the religious beliefs of students. This study examined the perceived effects of the College of Theology (COT) Bible teachings among the students of the Adventist University of the Philippines. Data were gathered from 123 senior students using the convenience sampling strategy. The existing Desired Spiritual Outcomes questionnaire was used to determine its effects. This study used the descriptive design to determine the perceived effects that COT had on students. Findings revealed that COT Bible teachings perceived effect on Bible teachings; commitment to SDA church and Commitment to SDA lifestyle were very high. While relationship with Jesus and commitment to service were high but needs to be improved. Effect on Adventist students were high compared to non-Adventist, while the effect on female students was high compared to male. Perceived effect on the COE was high compared to other colleges. No significant difference was found in terms of length of stay to AUP. Future research can be focused on non-Adventist only to see the real effect of Bible teachings on their beliefs.

Keywords: Bible teaching, perceived effect, relationship to Jesus, commitment, service

180 6th international scholars’ conference 181 Victor C. Sinaga UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

VICTOR C. SINAGA IS CURRENTLY A FACULTY MEMBER OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT OF UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA AND IS TEACHING ACCOUNTANCY. HE TOOK HIS MASTER’S DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AT PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, PHILIPPINES.

The Effect of Street Vendors’ Efforts on the Improvement of Financial Performance Victor T.C. Sinaga and Judith T. G. Sinaga Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Street vendors are booming nowadays. Most of the street vendors sell food that are easy to cook and affordable to everyone. This small scale of business is found everywhere. The purposes of this study were to know the different efforts done by the street vendors to improve financial performance, to analyze the financial performance of the vendors, to analyze financial performance, and to explore the effect of street vendors’ efforts on improve financial performance. The method used in this study was an explanatory of which a purposive sampling technique was applied. This research was conducted in one of the towns located in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. There were 30 street vendors as participants around the town. Regression analysis was used to analyze the effect. The findings showed that the efforts done by the street vendors have a low correlation with financial performance. Thus, the effect of street vendor’s efforts on the improvement of financial performance is insignificant.

Keywords: street vendors, small scale, financial performance, West Java, efforts

182 6th international scholars’ conference 183 Business and Governance

Sairung Rutaikarn ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

SAIRUNG RUTAIKARN HAS BEEN SERVING AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SINCE 1999 AS A GOVERNMENT LIAISON AND LECTURER RESPONSIBLE FOR ACCOUNTING THAI PROGRAM IN 2011. SHE IS CURRENTLY ADMISSIONS AND RECORDS DIRECTOR. THE SCOPE OF HER RESEARCH IS IN ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL SKILL.

The Difference in Ability of Accounting and Financial Skill: The Empirical Evidences of Dairy Farmers in Saraburi Province, Thailand Subin Putsom and Sairung Ruthaikarn Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: The purposes of this research survey were to 1) investigate the ability level of accounting and financial skills from dairy farmers, and 2) compare the difference between gender and education level with the abilities of accounting and financial skills from dairy farmers. The samples were 240 dairy farmers or owners, who operate in dairy farms that are located all around Saraburi Province. Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and One-One-way ANOVA were performed for the statistical analysis. The findings found that the results show significant in gender and age with accounting and financial skills except there was not signification difference between genders in financial ability’s farmers at a statistical level of 0.05. Nevertheless, this study sheds an insight the finding in the ability of dairy farmers and in the part of discussion and conclusion shows the implications, contributions, limitations, and suggestions for future research.

Keywords: accounting ability, financial ability, dairy farmers

182 6th international scholars’ conference 183 Noah Anburaj Balraj ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. NOAH ANBURAJ BALRAJ IS A TEACHER IN THE FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY AND HIS PASSION IS TO LEARN THROUGH INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH.

Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior’s Usage of ATM/Debit Card Noah Anburaj Balraj, Pradeep Tudu and Payom Sriharat Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: The preference in the 21st century’s trend among studying and growing adults are moving in the direction of using ATM/Debit cards for major transactions (cashless) and cash payments for minor transactions. This study investigated how consumers were influenced to use ATM/Debit card. The objective of the study was to identify the influence of the factors considered. The researchers considered 19 influencing factors due to its current relevance viz. culture, technological trends, social status, social group influence, family influence, occupation, convenience, user personality, reduction in transaction time, card benefits, card usage facilities, bank influence, spending habits of the user, being an influencer, cashless transaction, security, easy to carry and store, facing uncertainty, and innovation trend. These factors were considered due to their current relevance. A questionnaire was utilized as research instrument to find out ATM/Debit card users behavior’s discretion over a sample size of 294. Descriptive analysis using SD and percentage was used for data analysis. Two demographic characteristics such as age group and gender were used to understand the influence. The overall influence on the factors was 71.61 %, while 29.39 % were not influenced. Follow up study on unlisted factors could be considered.

Keywords: ATM/Debit Card Usage, consumer behavior, influencing factors

184 6th international scholars’ conference 185 Business and Governance

Deske W. Mandagi VIRATA SCHOOL OF BUSINESS, UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DESKE W. MANDAGI IS A SECOND-YEAR PH.D IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION STUDENT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, VIRATA SCHOOL OF BUSINESS. HE RECEIVED A BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN ECONOMICS AND MASTER’S DEGREE IN MANAGEMENT FROM UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, AIRMADIDI, SULAWESI UTARA, INDONESIA. HIS AREAS OF INTEREST AND RESEARCH ARE IN THE MANAGEMENT, MARKETING, AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION.

Measuring Value Relevance of Corporate Environmental Performance in Indonesia Deske W. Mandagi Virata School of Business, University of the Philippines

Abstract: This study empirically examined the value relevance of corporate environmental performance of Indonesian publicly listed companies from 2009 to 2017. Two main hypotheses were tested: first, corporate environmental performance was value relevant; second, corporate environmental performance influenced the value relevance of accounting variables, which are Earning Per Share (EPS) and Book Value per Share (BPS). This study utilized a valuation model in which the stock price was a function of accounting variable and environmental variable controlling for firm’s size. The analysis of 343 sample companies from 3 different industries showed that corporate environmental performance is not value relevant. Moreover, the second analysis on the indirect effect of environmental performance on stock price showed that corporate environmental performance does not affect value relevance of accounting information. This study also provided empirical evidence that value relevance does not depend on the firm’s size and the industrial sector.

Keywords: corporate environmental performance, value relevance, non- financial performance, firm’s value

184 6th international scholars’ conference 185 Timothy Ryan Keough ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

T. RYAN KEOUGH IS THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR UNIVERSITY ADVANCEMENT AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY. HE HAS A BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY DEGREE IN QUALITY MANAGEMENT FROM ANDREWS UNIVERSITY, A MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION FROM ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY AND IS A CERTIFIED FUND RAISING EXECUTIVE (CFRE) WITH 20 YEARS OF PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE.

Managing Organizational Structure for University Advancement: An Assessment at Asia-Pacific International University T. Ryan Keough and Paluku Kazimoto Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: Organizational structures are important factors because they help organizations ensure that they are designed to accomplish their institutional mission and vision. The aim of this study was to look at organizational structures and how they affect university advancement. The study used a correlational design for analysis, and convenience sample technique was used for respondents selection (n = 34). Findings indicated that a flat, matrix and organic organizational structures were the better suited structures for university advancement. There were statistically significant relationships between University Advancement’s marketing factor and the matrix organizational structure (r =.461, p = 0.006); marketing and the flat organizational structure r( =.385, p = 0.025); the fundraising university advancement and the matrix organizational structure (r =.410, p =.016); alumni with the matrix organizational structure (r =.400, p =.019) and with organic organizational structure (r =.438, p =.010). It was concluded that organizational structures have significant positive influence on university advancement. Recommendations include further studies to include more institutions, increased institutional focus on university advancement and its functions, and instituting a collaborative environment with a flat, organic or matrixed organizational structure.

Keywords: organizational structure, university advancement and higher learning institution

186 6th international scholars’ conference 187 Business and Governance

Francis M. Hutabarat UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

DR. FRANCIS M. HUTABARAT IS A DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT FROM PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY IN MANILA, PHILIPPINES. CURRENTLY, HE IS A LECTURER AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AND INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO.

Footwear Trade Industry: An Analysis of Export Strategy Based on Indonesia Main Export Destination Darwin Simanjuntak and Francis Hutabarat Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting footwear trade industry in Indonesia based on Indonesia’s main export destination. Understanding these factors could help leaders in the trade industry to plan their strategies better and further research on footwear trading. A set of data was obtained from Badan Pusat Statistic (BPS) based on the data from Indonesia’s footwear main export destination namely: United States, China, Belgium, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Korea, Italy, Australia, Mexico, France, Canada, Denmark, Singapore, Brazil, Hong Kong, Russian Federation, Chile, Argentina and other countries. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the underlying dimensions of countries as Indonesia main export destination. The result of the study showed that the sample size was adequate for the analysis and the communalities of all the variables were more than .4; therefore, all the variables were useful in the model. Since, the variables were identified in a factor of 0.7 or more, the result showed that all factors based on Indonesia’s main export destination which was from the years 2012-2016 contributed to the exports of footwear in Indonesia.

Keywords: footwear, factor analysis, export, Indonesia

186 6th international scholars’ conference 187 Francis M. Hutabarat UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

DR. FRANCIS M. HUTABARAT IS A DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT FROM PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY IN MANILA, PHILIPPINES. CURRENTLY, HE IS A LECTURER AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AND INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO.

The Relationship Between Capital Adequacy Ratio and Loan to Deposit Ratio Towards Return on Asset of Banks Listed at Infobank15 of Indonesian Stock Exchange Vanessa Febriana1 and Francis Hutabarat2 1Management, Economic Faculty, Universitas Advent Indonesia 2Dean of Economic Faculty., Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: The existence of banks is very important for today’s society. Banks can manage the financial traffic and control the economic growth. Bank is a financial intermediary that receives savings from the community in the form of savings, demand deposits, deposits, and others; then the funds are collected and channeled back to the community in the form of loans or credit. However, banks still need to gain profit. The study explored the effect of the adequacy of banks capital and the ratio between loan and deposit towards the return on asset of banks. The study is conducted on banks listed INFOBANK15 index at Indonesian Stock Exchange. Eight banks listed from the index were studied and data were obtained from PT, Capital Market Electronic Library. The variables used in the study is independent variables consists of Capital Adequacy Ratio & Loan to Deposit Ratio and dependent variables consist of Return on Asset from year 2012-2016. The study used statistical method to process and to analyze the data. They are: descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, normality test, and regression analysis. The results showed that there is no significant relationship between CAR, LDR and ROA with F-statistic of 0.250581 and probability 0.779659. R-square is 0.013364 that shows only 1.33364% of independent variables can explain the variation in dependent variables.

Keywords: Capital Adequacy Ratio, Loan Deposit Ratio, Return on Asset

188 6th international scholars’ conference 189 Business and Governance

Tonny Irianto Soewignyo UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

TONNY IRIANTO SOEWIGNYO IS A SENIOR LECTURER AT THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS OF UNIVERSITAS KLABAT. HE COMPLETED HIS PH.D IN COMMERCE AT SANTO TOMAS UNIVERSITY, PHILIPPINES. HIS RESEARCH AREA IS ENTREPRENEURIAL, FINANCE, MARKETING, AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT. SOME OF HIS PAPERS HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED IN INTERNATIONAL AND LOCAL JOURNALS.

Analysis of Financial Performance to Firm Value of Banks in Indonesia Tonny I. Soewignyo Universitas Klabat

Abstract: As investors’ rate of return depends on the level of profitability, the company’s ability to meet its long-term obligations, and its dividend policy, investors generally pay more attention to firm’s financial performance, namely liquidity, profitability, solvency, and corporate dividend policy. Therefore this study aimed to examine the influence of firm’s liquidity (loan to deposit ratio), profitability (return on equity and return on asset), solvability (debt to equity ratio and debt to asset ratio), and dividend policy (dividend payout ratio) to firm value (price to book value). This study employed banks listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2012-2016 as sample with the total of five banks using purposive sampling method. Results of F-test showed that all independent variables have significant effect to firm value, with prediction ability of 62.4%. Further, this study showed a significant and positive influence of return on equity and dividend payout ratio on firm value, it implies that an increase in profitability and dividend policy will result to the increase in firm value. Therefore, it is useful for investors to consider these variables of research in order to make the right investment decisions and doing stock trading confidently.

Keywords: bank, dividend policy, firm value, liquidity, profitability, solvability

188 6th international scholars’ conference 189 Marilyn P. Tampes BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF- NASUGBU

MARILYN P. TAMPES IS A GRADUATE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION MAJOR IN MARKETING MANAGEMENT AT ROGATIONIST COLLEGE AND MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION IN CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY. SHE COMMITS HERSELF TO SERVING AND GLORIFYING GOD BY CREATING IMPACT ON THE LIVES OF PEOPLE AND ORGANIZATION THROUGH BUSINESS, PERSONAL ADVISING, CONSULTANCY, EDUCATION, AND TRAINING.

Marketability of KinCat Taro Chips of Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu Marilyn P. Tampes Batangas State University ARASOF- Nasugbu

Abstract: This research identified the marketability of KinCat taro chips in Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu– an initiated extension project of the College of Accountancy, Business, Economics and International Hospitality Management. The study explored the level of acceptability of the product’s three flavors in terms of color, aroma, flavor, texture and general acceptability to distinguish the marketing mix to formulate a marketing and positioning strategy that will attract the market. The first phase of the study involved a survey where the researcher identified 347 samples composed of 297 students and 50 employees (teaching and non-teaching staff). Frequency count and percentage was considered. Results revealed that the general acceptability of the product is 38.33 % which means that the marketability of the product is high. Similarly, comments provided by the participants suggested that in order to increase the market acceptability of the KinCat taro chips, manufacturers should consider further improvement in nutritional content, expiry date and a more interesting brand name. However, it was further recommended that the college should determine factors such as introduction or market testing of KinCat taro chips to enhance customer familiarity.

Keywords: marketability, market acceptability, marketing strategy, market positioning

190 6th international scholars’ conference 191 Business and Governance

Judith T. G. Sinaga UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

JUDITH T. GALLENA - MBA IS A NATURAL BORN CITIZEN OF THE PHILIPPINES AND WAS BORN ON JUNE 22, 1973. SHE IS CURRENTLY TEACHING IN UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN THE FIELD OF ACCOUNTANCY AND AUDIT.

The Effect of Firm Size on Audit Fee: An Empirical Study on State-Owned Corporations (SOCs) in Indonesia (2011 – 2016) Judith T. G. Sinaga and Victor T.C. Sinaga Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) are the backbone of Indonesia’s economy. SOEs are considered large companies that conduct business with huge number of complex transactions. Auditing these large companies need large audit staff, more working hours, and audit techniques to finish the audit before its deadline. Audit fee is affected by the size of the company. A high audit fee is charged to the clients whose company is large. This study explored the effect of firm size on audit fee. A purposive sampling technique was used in determining the sample. There were 20 companies as the object of this research, of which 11 companies were chosen as the final sample. Data were analyzed by regression analysis. The findings of the study showed that firm size has significant and positive effect on audit fee.

Keywords: backbone, complex, large companies, audit techniques

190 6th international scholars’ conference 191 Leila T. Bayot BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF-NASUGBU

LEILA T. BAYOT IS A GRADUATE OF BS HRM AT BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY - ARASOF AND IS CURRENTLY TAKING MASTER’S IN INTERNATIONAL HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT AT LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES, CAVITE. SHE WAS CHAMPION IN STAARDEC FIESTA AND RSRDEH 2016 “SHOWCASING THE REGION’S PRODUCT AND INNOVATION” AMONG OTHER ACHIEVEMENTS. SHE HAS BEEN ATTENDING DIFFERENT SEMINARS AND TRAININGS ABOUT HOTEL OPERATIONS.

Coping Strategies of Beach Resorts in Nasugbu, Batangas during Lean Season Edward J. Nioko, Sam C. Villamas, Marjorie A. De Vera, Julieta G. De Castro and Leila T. Bayot Batangas State University ARASOF- Nasugbu

Abstract: A resort is a full-service lodging facility that provides access or offers a range of amenities and recreation facilities to emphasize leisure experience. The patronage of leisure establishments depends solely on the type of season. This study aimed to determine the coping strategies implemented by beach resorts in Nasugbu, Batangas. Descriptive-survey method was employed which involved 21 beach resorts. Most of the beach resorts in Nasugbu, Batangas operated more than 5 years, employed more than 10 employees, majority of beach resorts offer 11-15 rooms with 2-4 types of recreational facilities. Customer attrition was the most common problem encountered by the beach resorts during lean season. Study showed that beach resort management used price differential, reduced number of employees and multi-tasking and energy conservation was the most frequent used as their coping strategies. As to level of effectiveness of the coping strategies used, loyalty programs and price differential for marketing strategies, for maintenance and other operating expenses strategies, energy conservation and reduce number of employees and multi-tasking for the human resource utilization strategies were extremely effective. Results implied that resort management should focus and maintain their coping strategies during lean season.

Keywords: beach resorts, resort management, coping strategies, lean season, customer attrition

192 6th international scholars’ conference 193 Business and Governance

Prince Mbokani ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

PRINCE MBOKANI RECEIVED HIS BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AND ECONOMIC SCIENCES AND MASTER’S IN FINANCE, BANK AND INSURANCE FROM UNIVERSITY PROTESTANT OF CONGO IN REPUBLIC DEMOCRATIC OF CONGO. HE IS CURRENTLY IN PURSUIT OF HIS PHD IN COMMERCE, MAJOR IN ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE IS AN ACCOUNTANT AT CETRACA COMPANY (BRANCH OF CASE AIRLINE) AND BUSINESS ADVISOR AT JP MBOKANI COMPANY (FAMILY COMPANY).

Lenny Simatupang ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

LENNY LEORINA EVINITA BSC.MA, MBA HAS BEEN A LECTURER AT (INDONESIA) FOR SIX YEARS. SHE HAS A BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING, AND MASTER’S DEGREE IS IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT. SHE IS CURRENTLY TAKING DOCTORAL DEGREE AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF PHILIPPINES WITH AN EMPHASIS IN ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE.

The Impact of Financial Pressures on Foreign Students’ Learning Motivation Prince Mbokani and Lenny Simatupang Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: International students have been noted to experience stress that affects their learning motivation. This research was done with the aim of determining the perceptions of financial stress and learning motivation as well as establishing if there is a relationship between financial stress and learning motivation. The research used a random sampling technique among 100 international students in Cavite, Philippines as the respondents. The results of the study showed that there is significant relationship between financial stress and learning motivation. International students are moderately experiencing financial stress but disagreed that it is affecting their learning motivation. This paper recommends that further study must be done to identify the intrinsic learning motivation of the international students amidst the acceptance that there is a relationship between financial stress and learning motivation.

Keywords: financial stress, learning motivation, international student

192 6th international scholars’ conference 193 Georges Mumbere Kisumano ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

GEORGES MUMBERE KISUMANO IS AN ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES’ PHD STUDENT IN BUSINESS. HE WORKED IN A NON- GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION, THE DIANE FOSSEY GORILLA FUND. CURRENTLY, HE TEACHES STATISTICS, BUSINESS ETHICS, AND MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM AT LUKANGA ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY IN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO. HIS RESEARCH AREAS INCLUDE BUSINESS ETHICS, KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, TECHNOLOGIES ADOPTION, BANK MARKETING, AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT.

Predictions of Knowledge Management Effectiveness in Healthcare Organizations Georges Mumbere Kisumano Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: Having the right knowledge to act and decide has become very crucial in the 21st century and particularly for healthcare organizations where medical errors can cause millions of injuries (Ghosh & Scott, 2006). Effective knowledge management improves the quality of care provided by medical doctors and nurses to patients. This research studied the impact of change readiness, organizational culture, organizational ethical climate, knowledge management process on knowledge management effectiveness in a rural town in Democratic Republic of Congo. A sample of 117 nurses and medical doctors participated in the study. Three main findings were reached. First, change readiness, organizational culture, organizational ethical climate, knowledge management process, and knowledge management effectiveness are significantly related. Second, change readiness and knowledge management processes significantly predicted knowledge management effectiveness. Lastly, knowledge management processes are significantly predicted by organizational ethical climate, change readiness, and organizational culture. Implications of the study were that hospitals should invest in developing knowledge management processes such as knowledge acquisition and foster a culture of learning, risk taking and team working in order to provide appropriate services to patients.

Keywords: knowledge management, health care organization, change readiness, organizational culture, ethical climate

194 6th international scholars’ conference 195 Business and Governance

Williams Kwasi Peprah ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

WILLIAMS KWASI PEPRAH IS CURRENTLY A PH.D. IN COMMERCE STUDENT AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES AND ALSO THE MANAGING DIRECTOR OF PWP RESERVATIONS LIMITED, MANAGING ADVISOR AND TRAINING OF PWP ADVISORY AND TRAINING AND A PART-TIME LECTURER AT VALLEY VIEW UNIVERSITY. HE HAS BBA IN ACCOUNTING, AN MBA IN FINANCE, A FELLOW AND A CHARTERED FINANCIAL AND INVESTMENT ANALYST, AMONG OTHER CREDENTIALS.

International Students’ Satisfaction of ISO 9001 Certified Education: A Basis for a Preventive and Corrective Program Williams Kwasi Peprah Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The concept of people seeking education outside their country has been with humanity for a very long time. It is all because of the perception of quality education or non-existing schools, programs or courses in the home country. This quantitative study was based on the service quality (SERVQUAL) dimensions of reliability, assurance, tangible, empathy and responsiveness coupled with ISO 9001 requirement of conformity and nonconformity to determine the level satisfaction of international students on an ISO 9001 certified institution in the Philippines and developed a responsive program. Responses from 100 conveniently selected international students in 10 ISO certified universities have been analyzed with SPSS 20. The results indicate that the overall service quality of these universities is moderately satisfied. Again, the SERVQUAL determinants of Assurance, Tangibles, and Empathy are all moderately satisfied to indicate conforming to observation. Reliability indicated conformance with the opportunity to improve. However, Responsiveness is noted to be slightly satisfied which is a minor non-conformity. It requires immediate root-cause analysis and using correction and corrective actions to seek continual improvement. The Preventive and Corrective Program should be based on orientation, training, educating, communication and repair and maintenance and beautification. The paper recommends the universities, CHED and ISO certifying institutions intensify their standards to address the elements of Assurance, Tangibles, Empathy and more importantly, Responsiveness.

Keywords: educational quality, ISO 9001, service quality, international student, satisfaction

194 6th international scholars’ conference 195 Ma. Teresa Dimaala-Calma BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF-NASUGBU

MA. TERESA DIMAALA-CALMA IS A LICENSED PROFESSIONAL TEACHER, A GRADUATE OF BS BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AND HAS BEEN SERVING AS COLLEGE INSTRUCTOR AT THE BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY – ARASOF, NASUGBU, BATANGAS FOR 18 YEARS. SHE IS NOW FINISHING HER MBA IN THE SAME UNIVERSITY. SHE PREVIOUSLY WORKED AT AMA COMPUTER COLLEGE AS AN OUTREACH COORDINATOR.

Impact of Psychological Contract to Motivation of Permanent Faculty Members at Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu Elaine B. Mendoza, Laurice Rein V. Ramos, Jonamer G. Raña and Ma. Teresa Dimaala-Calma Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the impact of psychological contract to motivation of permanent faculty members at Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu. Data were gathered through survey questionnaire from 55 respondents. Data gathered were tallied, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted. The statistical methods used were frequency, percentage, mean and ANOVA. Based on the findings, the following conclusions were drawn: There are more female permanent faculty members than males and they are within the age range of 39-47, there were more married employees than unmarried ones; Most of the employees are Master’s Degree Program Graduate and majority of them are Assistant Professors and rendered work in the University for 11-15 years; Permanent faculty members and their employer of the university are fulfilling their commitment/obligations in the university; and are intrinsically and extrinsically motivated because they are driven by personal enjoyment, interest and pleasure to perform their work in the university; Fulfillment of psychological contract of employees drives them to benefit the university as a whole because it tends to increase the quality of their obligations. There is a positive impact of psychological contract to motivation of permanent faculty members in the university; and Civil status and highest educational attainment have significant difference in the psychological contract or commitment/obligations of them to their employer. It is recommended that Human Resource Management of the university continuously provide growth opportunities to permanent faculty members and should maintain the fulfillment of psychological contract of permanent faculty members to increase the quality of their commitment and obligation to the university and motivation to perform their work and for the future researchers, the researchers recommend that they should further understand and explore the study about the psychological contract of permanent faculty members.

Keywords: psychological contract, motivation, permanent faculty members

196 6th international scholars’ conference 197 Business and Governance

Reuel E. Narbarte ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. REUEL E. NARBARTE IS A CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANT AND AN ACCREDITED ACCOUNTING TEACHER. HE IS CURRENTLY THE HUMAN RESOURCE DIRECTOR AND A PROFESSOR OF BUSINESS AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE EARNED BOTH HIS MBA AND PHD MAJOR IN COMMERCE DEGREES FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS. HE HAS SERVED THE COMMISSION FOR HIGHER EDUCATION OF BOTH THE PHILIPPINES AND KENYA AS MEMBER OF THE QUALITY ASSURANCE TEAM PARTICULARLY IN THE REVIEW OF PROPOSED ACCOUNTING AND BUSINESS PROGRAMS OF VARIOUS COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES.

Impulses of Employees in Perpetuating Fraud Reuel E. Narbarte and Mary Jane Genebago-Valdez Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Fraud examiners and forensic accountants have been mystified by the question: “Why do employees commit fraud?” This research paper provides the psychology of fraud and the factors that motivate fraudsters to commit crime. Interviews were conducted with the Employee Relations officers handling workplace disciplinary cases in a multinational manufacturing company. Majority of the fraud incidents involved stealing from the company’s inventory and other assets, thieving money and property from another employee, and violating conflict of interest resulting to purchasing fraud. Further, majority of the perpetrators’ reasons for committing fraud is the need for money for their family and because there is an opportunity to commit such fraud. Based on these findings, recommendations are made to improve internal controls and build a strong corporate culture based on ethics to minimize if not totally extinguish the opportunity for fraud.

Keywords: internal control, fraud, workplace discipline, occupational fraud

196 6th international scholars’ conference 197 Damrong Sattayawaksakool ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. DAMRONG SATTAYAWAKSAKOOL IS THE VPAA AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY. HE HAS A BBA DEGREE IN FINANCE AND BANKING, A BECON DEGREE IN BUSINESS ECONOMICS, A MBA, AND A PHD IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION.

The Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Climate to Well-Being as Mediated by Job Satisfaction in Not-for-Profit Organization Wanlee Putsom and Damrong Sattayawaksakool Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: The concept that perceived organizational support and organizational climate relates to well-being with the mediating effect of job satisfaction has been well accepted, yet it has not been widely tested with the not-for-profit organization. The study aimed to investigate the mediating role of job satisfaction on the relationship between perceived organizational support and organizational climate toward well-being in not-for-profit organizations (i.e. educational institution). This study randomly collected survey data from 99 respondents working in the not-for-profit organizations. The results showed insignificant relationships existing between perceived organizational support and well-being. Furthermore, the study did not find the mediating effect of job satisfaction on the hypothesized relationships. The results were dissimilar from prior studies. The paper shed a new insight into the existing body of knowledge on job satisfaction and well-being in the context of not-for-profit organizations. Implications of the study were discussed, together with limitations and suggestions for future research.

Keywords: perceived organizational support, organizational climate, job satisfaction, well-being, not-for-profit organization

198 6th international scholars’ conference 199 Business and Governance

Lenda Mambo AKADEMI SEKRETARI MANAJEMEN INDONESIA KLABAT

LENDA MAMBO IS CURRENTLY A SENIOR LECTURER AT ASMIK, UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, MANADO-INDONESIA. SHE HOLDS A MASTER’S DEGREE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT FROM UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1999) AND HAS SERVED AS OFFICE ADMINISTRATION LECTURER AT THE UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN AFRICA, BARATON, KENYA (2008-2012) AND HELDERBERG COLLEGE, SOUTH AFRICA (2012-2014).

Microsoft Office Competencies Required of Secretaries in Postmodern Automated Offices: A Comparative Analysis of Classroom and Actual Office Practices Lenda Mambo Akademi Sekretari Manajemen Indonesia Klabat

Abstract: This paper investigated the professional competencies required of secretaries using Microsoft Office and compared them to the current secretarial classroom training in Akademi Sekretari Manajemen Indonesia Klabat. Specifically, the study sought to determine competencies required of secretaries when using MS-Word, MS-Excel, MS-Power Points, MS-Access, and MS-Publisher. Data were collected using survey questionnaire and interview. A comparative analysis between classroom trainings and actual office practices were analyzed using paired-sample t tests of 36 students and office professionals. The findings showed that office professionals’ ratings are higher than students’ ratings and the most important skills a professional secretary must acquire are the ability to create document using MS Word (mean= 4.5625 & 4.4376), followed by Microsoft Power-points (mean= 4.2188 & 4.1146), Microsoft Outlook (mean= 4.0833 & 4.0313), Microsoft Excel (4.1094 & 3.7110) and Microsoft Access (mean= 3.7917 & 3.4688); however, the result also found no significant differences between classroom trainings and office practices, except for the training in MS Power Point (p =0.037), MS Excel (p =0.01), and MS Access (p =0.03).

Keywords: secretarial competencies, secretarial training, Microsoft office competencies

198 6th international scholars’ conference 199 Robert A. Borromeo ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. ROBERT A. BORROMEO IS CURRENTLY THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR FINANCE AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Mediation Effects of Financial Satisfaction on the Relationship between Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction Jolly S. Balila and Robert Borromeo Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Studies have identified that work-life balance leads to positive organizational outcomes. Although work-life balance and job satisfaction has been a frequent subject of inquiry in any organization, there is a scarcity of studies on the mediation effects of financial satisfaction. The present study explored the mediating effects of financial satisfaction on the relationship of work-life balance to job satisfaction. The study was conducted among 120 employees in higher education sector using a validated-survey questionnaire. The measure includes work-life balance, financial satisfaction, job satisfaction with reliability indices of .947, .837, and .843, respectively. The data were analyzed using SPSS and PLS Smart with bootstrapping techniques. The descriptive analysis revealed that employees in the higher education sector are moderately satisfied in the financial aspect, have a good work-life balance, and are satisfied with their job. The findings of the study further revealed that the relationship among work-life balance, financial satisfaction, and job satisfaction is statistically significant (p< .05), in which it corroborates with the previous studies. The mediation effect of financial satisfaction to work-life balance and job satisfaction was partial. Thus, this study concludes that the work-life balance affects job performance. However, the partial mediation effect of financial satisfaction implies that their job satisfaction can also be attributed be other factors such as work-life balance but not totally due to financial. This study highlights that recommendation on financial management and work-life balance policy and practices be implemented in the higher education sector to improve higher job satisfaction.

Keywords: work-life balance, financial satisfaction, job satisfaction

200 6th international scholars’ conference 201 Business and Governance

Harman Malau UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA MR. HARMAN MALAU IS A DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN COMMERCE FROM SANTO TOMAS UNIVERSITY IN MANILA, PHILIPPINES. CURRENTLY, HE IS A LECTURER AND DIRECTOR OF HUMAN RESOURCE AS WELL AS PUBLIC RELATION AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE MARKETING AND MANAGEMENT.

Juve Tan UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MR. JUVE TAN IS AN ALUMNUS OF THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS. CURRENTLY HE IS WORKING AT , INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE MARKETING AND MANAGEMENT.

The Influence of Service Quality to Customer Interest of Patients at Bandung Adventist Hospital Harman Malau and Juve Tan Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: This research aimed to: (a) assess the quality of the service and interest of Bandung Adventist Hospital customers and (b) determine if service quality is related to customer interest. This study used a quantitative approach. The population was specified as Bandung Adventist Hospital’s customers, and the samples were patients in second and third class rooms with 40 respondents. The researcher used questionnaire with 8 indicators. The result of this study are as follows: (a) the respondents perceived that the service quality was good, (b) the customer interest was also good , (c) and the correlation analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between service quality and customer interest of patients in an Adventist hospital in Bandung. .

Keywords: service quality, customer interest

200 6th international scholars’ conference 201 Gizelle Lou C. Fugoso ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

ATTY. GIZELLE LOU FUGOSO IS A FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS IN THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Exploratory Factor Analysis of Political Engagement Questionnaire: A College Student’s Perspectives Jose P. Salera III, Armando A. Apalat, Ron Ivan S. Perdido and Gizelle Lou C. Fugoso Adventist University of the Philippines Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: There is an increasing number of Seventh Day Adventists (SDAs) who engaged in politics. Church members have varied perception of their engagement in politics. Thus, this study aimed to develop a psychometrically validated instrument that assessed students’ perception of political engagement among SDAs. Survey questionnaires were administered to 105 college students. Exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation was conducted resulting to a two-dimensional structure of the students’ perception of political engagement among SDAs. Good internal consistency reliability was indicated by a Cronbach alpha estimate of .745 in the final scale. A two- factor model was generated specifying that SDAs joined politics because they served as church ambassadors to the country (Factor 1) and politics engagement is a Personal Belief and Modeling (Factor 2). The total percent of variance accounted for the model is 50.78 where the 32% is contributed by the Factor 1. This study concludes that the Political Engagement Questionnaire have sufficiently strong construct validity evidence. This developed questionnaires and the corresponding construct may be useful in studies investigating patterns of political engagement of SDAs. However, it can be still improved using larger population. Other implications are also discussed.

Keywords: political engagement, exploratory factor analysis, psychometric properties

202 6th international scholars’ conference 203 Business and Governance

Sorawit Chaiphisit ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

MR. SORAWIT CHAIPHISIT IS STUDYING AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL AS MBA STUDENT IN THE FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION IN THAILAND. HE IS WORKING IN ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY AS RESIDENCE DEAN DIRECTOR. HE LOVES TO MINGLE AND WORK WITH YOUNG PEOPLE. HIS HOBBY IS PLAYING FOOTBALL (SOCCER).

Employee’s Perception of Effectiveness of Motivation Programs for Regular Workers of Asia-Pacific International University Sorawit Chaiphisit and Noah Anburaj Balraj Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: The study focused on the employee’s perception of the effectiveness of motivation programs for regular workers of Asia-Pacific International University (AIU). The sample of the study is 69 employees, both Thai and International, who worked in AIU, Muak Lek Campus during the academic year, 2017-2018. The data was collected through a survey questionnaire. The researcher used descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation Coefficients, multiple regression, Independent t-test to test the statistically significant difference between the means and one way ANOVA to determine whether there are any statistically significant differences between the means of two or more independent variables. The result showed that both extrinsic and intrinsic motivational factors had a positive effect of the employees’ perception toward their performances. In intrinsic motivational factors, interpersonal relations between employee and employees and employees and their supervisors were the highest with the mean of 4.090 and recognition was the lowest mean of 3.426. In extrinsic motivational factors, conductive work environment and the conditions of work was the highest mean of 4.140 and fringe benefits was the lowest motivational factor with the mean of 3.568. Further study could be done based on other factors of motivational programs in AIU.

Keywords: motivation programs, employee’s performance

202 6th international scholars’ conference 203 Rouna Paoki UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

ROUNA PAOKI, S.PD, M.M. IS A LECTURER OF AKADEMI SEKRETARI MANAJEMEN INDONESIA KLABAT (ASMIK) INDONESIA. HER BACHELOR’S DEGREE IS IN EDUCATION OF ECONOMICS FROM KLABAT UNIVERSITY AND HER MASTER DEGREE IS IN MANAGEMENT. SHE HAS BEEN TEACHING COURSES IN SECRETARIAL SCIENCE FOR 22 YEARS IN ASMIK AND ALREADY PUBLISHED SEVERAL ARTICLES.

Records Management: A Case Study in Business Office of Universitas Klabat Rouna Paoki Akademi Sekretari Manajemen Indonesia Klabat

Abstract: The purpose of this research was to identify the records management and to determine the challenges in records management at the business office of Universitas Klabat. This case study utilized five employees from the business office of Universitas Klabat. The data collection techniques used were observation and interview using Miles and Hubberman model. The observation showed that the business office has applied the filing system; however, the staff lacked the skills in manipulating the filing system. Therefore, the filing system was not in accordance to the correct filing standards. This study implied that each employee needs more knowledge in records management. Aside from the employees, it is recommended that the office secretaries participate in records management training. Further, the records facilities should be improved to support the records management in the offices. Lastly, a clear procedure in records management should be developed and implemented.

Keywords: management, records

204 6th international scholars’ conference 205 Business and Governance

Thitaree Sirikulpat ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

THITAREE SIRIKULPAT WAS A MBA GRADUATE STUDENT IN THE FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION OF ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, THAILAND. SHE IS CURRENTLY THE ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT.

Conflict Management Practices of Seventh-day Adventist Church Members at the Workplace in Thailand Thitaree Sirikulpat and Paluku Kazimoto Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate how the Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) Church members in Thailand manage conflict at the workplace with the influence of their fundamental belief, moral laws, and interpersonal practices. The research involved a descriptive exploration design based on a quantitative technique method. One hundred seventy-one SDA church members, who are organization’s workers, were selected as respondents. Factor analysis was used to extract features that explain the practices of SDA Church members in Thailand when they are managing conflict at their workplace. Findings showed that the six groups of variables including the Communication Skills, Adventist Culture and Bible Teaching, Social Skills, Empathy, Skills of Accommodating, and Acceptance of Individual Difference are prevalent in conflict management at the workplace of SDA Church members in Thailand. The KMO test result showed a value of .899, which means that the sample size was acceptable for extracting the factors. The Bartlett’s Test showed a Chi-Square value of 2020.387 with 406 degrees of freedom and an associated probability of .000. This result is significant at .01 level. Recommendations were made to the workplace organizations as well as the Church to provide training that could help improve the interpersonal practices and religious practices of the SDA church members in Thailand.

Keywords: conflict, conflict management, conflict management practices, Seventh-day Adventist church, religious practices

204 6th international scholars’ conference 205 Fanny Soewignyo UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

FANNY SOEWIGNYO IS AN ACCOUNTING LECTURER AT UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, INDONESIA. SHE COMPLETED HER PHD IN COMMERCE AT UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS, MANILA. THE MAIN FOCUS OF HER RESEARCH IS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND CORPORATE PERFORMANCE. SHE IS ACTIVE IN ACADEMIC WRITING AND HAS PUBLISHED SEVERAL ARTICLES IN ACADEMIC JOURNALS.

Profitability and Market Performance of Listed Banks in Indonesia Fanny Soewignyo and Aprillia Izy Manansal Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Prior studies found that most revenues of Asian banking industry, including Indonesia, come from interest as compared to fee although the 1997 Asian financial crisis pushed the Asian financial industry into non-traditional activities that resulted in the fee-based income. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of net interest margin and net non-interest margin on market performance of 43 banking companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016. Net interest margin and net noninterest margin were used to measure banking profitability while average stock price after the publication date of financial statements was used to measure market performance. The results of this study showed that both net interest margin and net non-interest margin have a significant positive effect on market performance. Furthermore, the effect of net interest margin is greater than the effect of net non-interest margin on the market performance. This result may be explained by the fact that investors of Indonesian banking industry are still more focused on interest-based income rather than fee-based income in making investment decision as most of the revenues of listed Banks in Indonesia are derived from interest.

Keywords: fee-based income, interest-based income, market performance, net interest margin, net non-interest margin, profitability, stock price

206 6th international scholars’ conference 207 Business and Governance

Erwin A. Caparas BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF-NASUGBU

MR. ERWIN A. CAPARAS IS A STUDENT OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN COMMERCE PROGRAM MAJOR IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. THE RESEARCHER IS CURRENTLY THE ASSOCIATE DEAN OF THE COLLEGE OF ACCOUNTANCY, BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND INTERNATIONAL HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT AT BATSTATEU. HIS FIELD OF INTEREST IS ABOUT FINANCIAL LITERACY, MARKETABLE SECURITIES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP.

Development and Validation of Dynamic Cost- Averaging Model Using Relative Strength Index and Stochastics Erwin A. Caparas Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu

Abstract: The ultimate goal of an investor is the maximization of profits and reduction of risks involved in stocks trading. In spite of the numerous literatures on the benefits of Cost-Averaging, there are papers challenging its effectiveness in theory and in practice as it contradicts the principle of buying- low and selling-high. The study aimed to develop a model that will guide the investors for a more profitable trade. It attempted to modify the principle of buying at regular intervals into a more strategic determination of optimal buying positions. To be able to validate the developed model, this study utilized an empirical method of research. The research used the price data in the last ten years of 10 stocks representing various sectors. The buying and selling price of the stocks were recorded based on the signals given by Relative Strength Index (RSI) and Stochastics (STS) as technical indicators. Empirical evidence proves that DCA provides a substantial increase in profitability over CA. There is a significant increase in the profit ratio (by 33.71 percent) as evidenced by the result of the t-test. A decision tree model was developed to standardize the method and may serve as a guide for long-term investments.

Keywords: cprofitability analysis, cost-averaging, dynamic cost-averaging, stocks trading, position trading

206 6th international scholars’ conference 207 Noah Anburaj Balraj ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. NOAH ANBURAJ BALRAJ IS A TEACHER IN THE FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY AND HIS PASSION IS TO LEARN THROUGH INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH.

Managing Management Boundaries of Creativity and Design Noah Anburaj Balraj Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: This descriptive study examined the fundamental beliefs of creativity and design in management perspective. The problem of managing management boundaries of creativity and design is quite challenging. The researcher identified the elements that exert influence to creativity and design of products. Data were collected mainly on two broad perspectives to find solutions to the existing challenge. Observation method was used to identify product creativity and design boundaries using, (a) the product design of personal computers in comparison with the compatibility of human and other structures; (b) how nature and its stakeholders contribute to creativity and design. Systematic methodology using grounded theory especially by inferential and theoretical generalization was used. Analyzed data considered the functional impact of the products in relation to needs of human living and creativity and design. Physical, cognitive, spiritual and social criteria were used for deriving conclusions on the data analyzed from the product/elements. Findings revealed that the boundaries of creativity and design were directly proportionate to the reflection and growth of human being’s (consumers’) physical, cognitive, spiritual and social domains. This logical/scientific ongoing process is often hidden and unspoken but still occurs naturally. A further study on components of creativity could be undertaken.

Keywords: creativity, design, boundaries, management, domains

208 6th international scholars’ conference 209 Business and Governance

Sherilyn de Leon-Macaraig BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF-NASUGBU

SHERILYN DE LEON-MACARAIG IS AN INSTRUCTOR AT BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF AND A MEMBER OF THE FACULTY OF COLLEGE OF ACCOUNTANCY BUSINESS ECONOMICS AND INTERNATIONAL HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT. FOR OVER FOUR YEARS, SHE HAS BECOME INVOLVED IN MANY EXTENSION PROGRAMS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE SAME UNIVERSITY. HER TEACHING AREAS ARE MANAGEMENT COURSES, HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT/ PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT, SOCIAL STUDIES, BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR.

Psychological Contract Breach and Performance of Faculty Members of BatStateU: Input to Faculty Development Program Sherilyn B. De Leon- Macaraig Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu

Abstract: In the Philippines, heavy use of contractual faculty continues. Campus administrators need a more comprehensive understanding of how to best manage this type of employment relationship (Marlier, 2014). This study aimed to determine how full-time contractual faculty members perceived Psychological Contract Breach (PCB) and its relationship to the assessment of their performance to provide appropriate input to the Institutionalized Faculty Development Program. Psychological Contract Breach and Performance were the major variables in the study. PCB was measured using the thirteen factors from Knoppe (2012). Performance was measured using three factors from faculty members’ IPCR. The respondents of the study included 229 full-time contractual faculty members of Batangas State University. The statistical tools used were frequency, percentage, weighted mean, Pearson r, ANOVA, and t-test. Results suggested that statistically, PCB had a significant relationship to Performance of full-time contractual faculty members in some of its factors. Moreover, significant differences are found in most of the profile variables when compared to PCB. On the contrary, most of the profile variables when compared to performance are not significantly different. Analysis also showed that despite the contractual appointment, the respondents perceived that the University provides enough rewards that satisfy them.

Keywords: psychological contract breach, performance, psychological contract, faculty development program

208 6th international scholars’ conference 209 Armando S. Soriano BELL ELECTRONICS CORPORATION AND ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OFTHE PHILIPPINES

DR. ARMANDO S. SORIANO IS THE CEO OF BELL ELECTRONICS CORPORATION

Capability and Quality of Products in Relation to Sustainability: A Model for a Sustainable Subcontract Electronics Manufacturing Companies Armando S. Soriano, Lualhati P. Sausa, Jolly S. Balila, Miriam P. Narbarte, Robert A. Borromeo, Ruben Carpizo and Edwin A. Balila Bell Electronics Corporation and Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The study aimed to determine the relationship of capability and quality of products in relation to sustainability of subcontract electronics manufacturing companies in the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. The respondents’ profile such as plant location and years of operations were considered as moderator variables. Data from 46 subcontract electronics manufacturing companies were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Furthermore, bootstrapping procedure was used due to the limited number of electronics subcontract manufacturing companies who participated in this study. The study shows that the subcontract electronics manufacturing companies were all capable in terms of the control processes and packages classification; and highly capable in terms of production capacity. The quality of products in terms of goods and services was all perceived to be good. Company respondents were perceived to be high in economic and social sustainability and very high in terms of environmental sustainability. Further results revealed that packaging, production capacity, consumer specification, and reliability testing are significant predictors of the economic sustainability. It also shows that control processes, reliability testing, and inspection and quality were significant predictors of social sustainability. Customer specification and reliability testing are significant predictors of environmental sustainability. Overall, the result showed that production capacity, consumer specification, and inspection and quality are the significant predictors of the sustainability. CAPAQUALISUS model for sustainable subcontract electronics manufacturing companies was developed from this study.

Keywords: sustainability, quality of products, capability

210 6th international scholars’ conference 211 Business and Governance

Stanley Nangoy UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

DR. STANLEY NANGOY IS A BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTING LECTURER FROM UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, INDONESIA. FOR ABOUT 35 YEARS, HE HAS SERVED VARIOUS SDA HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AS SENIOR LECTURER, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INCLUDING UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN AFRICA-BARATON , KENYA; HELDERBERG COLLEGE, SOUTH AFRICA. CURRENTLY HE IS THE GRADUATE SCHOOL PROGRAM COORDINATOR OF UNIVERSITAS KLABAT.

Indonesia Through the Lens of World Economic Forum: Global Competitive Index Analysis 2008/09-2016/17 Stanley S. Nangoy Universitas Klabat

Abstract: This paper investigated World Economic Forum report on the trend of Indonesia competitiveness from 2008/09 to 2016/17 in order to find out factors that positively and negatively affect its long-term competitiveness sustainability. In determining the country competitiveness, World Economic Forum developed a model called Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), which classified a country economy into three stages: factor-driven, efficiency- driven and innovation-driven. Given the complex nature of competitiveness, the index identifies twelve pillars of competitiveness reflecting the diverse and interrelated factors that have a bearing on long-term potential for sustained growth and prosperity. Data published by World Economic Forum from 2008/09 to 2016/17 were collected and analyzed in form of competitive scores and ranks. The result showed that in 2016, Indonesia’s competitiveness ranks 41st among 138 countries with competitive status at efficiency driven economy, ranks 4th among ASEAN countries behind Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand. Corruption, inefficient government bureaucracy and inadequate supply of infrastructure are three most problematic factors must be addressed to ensure Indonesia competitiveness regionally and globally.

Keywords: Indonesia competitive analysis, Indonesia GCI index, World Economic Forum report

210 6th international scholars’ conference 211 Maropen R. Simbolon UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

Income Smoothing Behavior: A Study of Companies Listed at Food and Beverage Sector Companies at Indonesian Stock Exchange Maropen R. Simbolon, Francis M. Hutabarat and Richard F. Simbolon Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Income smoothing, or the so-called income smoothing steps management purposed to make the company’s reported accounting earnings smooth or with low fluctuation. This behavior was motivated by the existence of market behavior that tends to be responding positively to the knowledge about the company’s improved fundamentals and definite properties. This phenomenon was used by management to provide for the welfare of its shareholders as indirectly seen in agency theory. The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence of the influences of the fundamental values that drive management to perform income smoothing. By making observations of selected Consumer Sector companies’ data were analyzed using logistic regression. Based on the analysis, the income smoothing behavior and factors that affected it whether it is significantly affect it or not and whether the influence towards the income smoothing practices are positive or negative as seen in companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in the observation period.

Keywords: income smoothing behavior

212 6th international scholars’ conference 213 Business and Governance

Romulo Sinabutar UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MR. ROMULO SINABUTAR WAS BORN IN SIDIKALANG ON 27 NOVEMBER 1956. HE GOT HIS BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION FROM UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, MANADO. HE CONTINUED HIS EDUCATION AT PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, MANILA AND COMPLETED HIS MBA IN 2001. HE CONTINUED HIS EDUCATION AT PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, MANILA AND COMPLETED HIS PH. D IN DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION IN 2003. HE HAS BEEN WORKING FOR ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA SINCE 2003 AS A LEKTOR.

Indonesia through the Lens of World Economic Forum: Global Competitive Index Analysis 2008/09-2016/ The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Transactional Leadership on Management Decision Making at Perguruan Advent Bandung and Perguruan Advent Cimindi 17 Romulo Sinabutar and Kamto Putra Nainggolan Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: The study aimed to determine the influence of transformational and transactional leadership on management decision making at two Adventist schools in Bandung, Indonesia. Data were collected among 51 respondents and were processed using SPSS program. The degree of relationship of transformational leadership to management decision making was r = 0.310. Transformational leadership contributed only 9.6% of the variance in management decision making. The regression obtained was Y = 2.632 + 0.374 X1. Further, the transactional leadership had a very low influence to management decision making (r = -0.160). Transactional leadership contributed only 2.6% of the variance in management decision making. The regression obtained was Y = 9.914 + 0.147 X2. The results showed that transformational and transactional leaderships had very low influence r( = 0.341) to management decision making. In F-test indicates that F-counted 3.163 < F-table 3.190; contribution of 8% and regression obtained Y = 3.231 + 0.365 X1 + 0.132 X2.

Keywords: transformational leadership, transactional leadership, management decision making

212 6th international scholars’ conference 213 Miriam P. Narbarte ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. MIRIAM P. NARBARTE, A FELLOW IN BUSINESS EDUCATION IS THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR ACADEMICS OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE IS A PROFESSOR, AN ACCREDITOR, A BOARD MEMBER AND THE VICE PRESIDENT OF ACSCU-ACI. SHE SERVED AS CHED REVIEWER-EVALUATOR OF BUSINESS-DEGREE PROGRAMS IN KENYA AND CURRENTLY SERVES THE CHED IN THE PHILIPPINES AS REGIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE TEAM (RQAT) MEMBER.

Internationalization in Higher Education Institutions in the Asian Countries: Towards a Framework Miriam P. Narbarte, Jolly S. Balila and Glenda Joy B. Lopez Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Internationalization is one of the core priorities for achieving international excellence in education. However, internationalization aspect of higher education is becoming increasingly important yet challenging. The study determined the degree of importance and degree of implementation of internationalization of higher education institutions in the Asian countries as basis of a framework. This study further determined the perceived effects of internationalization and barriers in the implementation. This descriptive study was conducted among 92 Higher Education Institutions in Asia. Of the 92 participating higher education institutions, 72 were from the Philippines and 13 were from other Asian countries. The 54.5% of the respondents were the school heads and administrators and 45.5% were faculty and staff representing their respective institutions. Questionnaires were used as the main data gathering tool with open-ended questions to determine the experiences and barriers of the implementation of internationalization. Using descriptive statistical tools and content analysis, the study revealed that the importance of internationalization was perceived as moderate, however, the degree of implementation of internationalization was low among higher education institutions in the Asian countries. Learning other culture, increasing international students’ enrolment, exposing students to research, and having international linkages were some of the positive effects of internationalization. However, lack of training in cultural sensitivity, communication barriers, understanding of other culture, and funding were the barriers identified in the implementation of internationalization. Based on these results, an internationalization framework was developed.

Keywords: internationalization, implementation, importance, Higher education

214 6th international scholars’ conference 215 Business and Governance

Ate Gueen Lasni Roha Simanungkalit UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

DR. ATE GUEEN LASNI ROHA SIMANUNGKALIT IS AN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AT THE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, UNIVERSITAS KLABAT WHERE SHE EARNED HER MM DEGREE IN MARKETING MANAGEMENT AND SPD IN ENGLISH EDUCATION. SHE EARNED HER MAED IN ENGLISH EDUCATION FROM ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES AND A PHD IN CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION FROM ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED. SHE HAS PUBLISHED RESEARCHES IN THE TEACHING ENGLISH, EDUCATION, AND MARKETING MIX IN NATIONAL AND LOCAL JOURNALS.

The Big Five Personality Traits and Marketing Mix of Universitas Klabat as Perceived by Students Ate Gueen Lasni Roha Simanungkalit Universitas Klabat, Manado

Abstract: This research article reported the exploration of 168 students’ perception of the Big Five Personality Traits and Marketing Mix of Universitas Klabat. Specifically, this study inquired whether the Big Five Personality Traits (openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) were associated with 7Ps of Marketing Mix (product, price, promotion, place, process, people, and physical evidence). Data were collected with purposive sampling method, by using an adopted questionnaire of Big Five Personality Traits and a self-constructed questionnaire of 7Ps of Marketing Mix. Analysis of the data revealed that the students moderately agree on openness to experience, conscientious, extravert, and neurotic. Female students appeared to be more conscientious than male significantly. Both female and male students perceived Universitas Klabat as a university that was good in 7Ps of Marketing Mix; but not good in setting the price, namely tuition fee and other school expenses. However, female students scored significantly higher than male students regarding high quality teachers and staff. Openness to experience and conscientiousness personality traits have a significant contribution to the model of 7Ps of Marketing Mix.

Keywords: big five personality traits, 7Ps of marketing mix, gender, students’ choice of university’s marketing mix

214 6th international scholars’ conference 215 Marithel J. Tiangco BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF-NASUGBU

ASST PROF. MARITHEL J. TIANGCO IS THE TOURISM MANAGEMENT PROGRAM CHAIR AT THE COLLEGE OF ACCOUNTANCY, BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND INTERNATIONAL HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT, BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF NASUGBU. SHE IS A GRADUATE OF BS TOURISM FROM UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES DILIMAN AND MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AT BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY.

Employee Empowerment and Job Performance in the Resort Industry in Nasugbu, Batangas Marithel J. Tiangco, Krishelle R. Limeta, Gellyn A. Nilo and Aireen G. Montealegre Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu

Abstract: Finding out what may lead to increased job performance is a central issue for the resort industry, as increased job performance will also lead to higher levels of customer satisfaction. The study aimed to determine the employee empowerment and job performance in the resort industry in Nasugbu, Batangas. Descriptive study design with questionnaire as the main data gathering instrument was used to survey 208 rank-and-file employees of the various resorts. The data gathered were tallied, analyzed and interpreted using frequency, percentage, mean and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The result of the study showed that employee empowerment practices are applied and practiced in the resort industry through participation, empowerment through involvement and empowerment through delayering. The study also revealed that there is a significant relationship between employee empowerment practices and the job performance of the employees. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that resort establishments continue practicing employee empowerment for it has a significant effect on the performance of the employees that may also enhance the organizational performance.

Keywords: employee empowerment, job performance, resort industry

216 6th international scholars’ conference 217 Business and Governance

Fryddy Djoko Siono UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

FRYDDY DJOKO SIONO IS A LECTURER AT THE RELIGION EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF UNIVERSITAS KLABAT. HE COMPLETED HIS M.TH. IN BIBLICAL STUDIES AT STT AGAPES JAKARTA, INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH AREA IS RELIGION EDUCATION, THEOLOGY, CHURCH MANAGEMENT, CHURCH LEADERSHIP, AND TRACER STUDY. SOME OF HIS PAPERS HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED.

The Influence of Leadership on Organizational Behavior of Citizenship, Satisfaction and Work Commitment to SDA’s Employees and Workers in the North Minahasa and Bitung Mission Fryddy Djoko Siono and Joula Sherly Supit Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Leadership is the way how a leader directs, arranges, and even influences all the elements in the group to reach the goal. A leader has an important role to achieve maximum employee performance results.The influence of leadership behaviors will build trust, inspire, envision, encourage creativity and emphasize development to positively affect the affective commitment of employees. Employees who are committed to high responsibility will be willing to give all their ability because they feel they have an organization that will make employees feel useful and comfortable to be in the organization. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of leadership on organizational behavior citizenship, determine the influence of leadership on work commitment and job satisfaction, especially among 70’s Pastors, office staff, and mission workers in the North Minahasa and Bitung Mission. These results indicate that variables which influence leadership have a positive and significant effect on the variable citizenship organizational behavior, commitment and job satisfaction.

Keywords: leadership, organization citizenship behavior, job satisfaction and commitment

216 6th international scholars’ conference 217 Julieta G. De Castro BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF-NASUGBU

JULIETA G. DE CASTRO WAS DESIGNATED AS THE COLLEGE’S RESEARCH COORDINATOR FROM 2014 UP TO JULY 2018 UNDER THE COLLEGE OF ACCOUNTANCY, BUSINESS, ECONOMICS & INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT. SHE HAS BEEN GIVEN THE OPPORTUNITY TO ATTEND VARIOUS RESEARCH- RELATED SEMINARS AND WORKSHOPS, PRESENTING BOTH LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL PAPERS AND WAS THE SESSION CHAIR DURING THE BATSTATEU ARASOF-NASUGBU TRIANGULAR RESEARCH CONFERENCE 2017.

Guest’s Assessment on Safety and Security Measures of Beach Resorts in Nasugbu, Batangas Ryan Regor R. Umandal, Nicole C. Butiong, Kimberly C. Quiñosa and Julieta G. De Castro Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu

Abstract: Safety and security plays an important role in the hospitality industry under tourism. Nasugbu is one of the favorite tourists’ destinations in western part of Batangas. According to the Local Tourism of Nasugbu, tourists’ arrivals increase every year and safety and security are concerns that must be given attention. The study aimed to determine the safety and security measures implemented by the resort management and as the guests personally experienced the resort facilities, their assessments were solicited. Descriptive- survey method was employed in this study using a validated questionnaire. Four hundred participants were determined by Stratified Random Sampling. The study arrived to the following findings: most of the respondents are female, local tourists, first timers and stay for only a couple of days. The resort establishments have precautionary signs in pools and other areas while lifeguards and flotation devices are present in the establishments to monitor water activities. Emergency facilities like smoke detectors, sprinklers and fire extinguishers, generators and emergency lights are visibly installed. In case of emergencies, surveillance cameras and emergency hotlines are functional. Study revealed that the guests’ assessment on safety and security of the resort establishments in Nasugbu is Very Good. These assessments implied that resort establishments in Nasugbu, Batangas are safe to visit by the tourists.

Keywords: safety and security measures, tourism industry, resort management, tourists’ assessment, emergency facilities

218 6th international scholars’ conference 219 Business and Governance

Hartiny Pop Koapaha UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

HARTINY POP KOAPAHA WAS BORN ON JULY 20, 1965 IN MANADO, INDONESIA. SHE TOOK HER MAGISTER MANAGEMENT AT UNIVERSITAS KLABAT. SHE USED TO WORK AS ACCOUNTANT IN DIFFERENT COMPANIES IN INDONESIA. CURRENTLY, SHE IS TEACHING IN THE ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS DEPARTMENT OF UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, AIRMADIDI.

Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior in Purchasing Honda Motorcycle Hartiny Pop Koapaha Universitas Klabat

Abstract: This research explained the factors which influence customers to purchase the HONDA motorcycles in Universitas Klabat 2017. The customer’s attitude toward price, taste, quality, after-sale price, prestige, and promotion influence the buying decision of the customers. The data were taken from the owners and the users of HONDA motorcycles in Universitas Klabat from January 2017 to July 2017. There were 150 questioners spread to customers and the data were analized by utilizing SPSS 16 to be analyzed by using Normality Test, Releability Test, and Validity Test in Likert Scale rating. The results of this research showed that there is no significant influence of price, taste, quality, after-sale price, prestige, and promotion on the buying decisions of the customers to purchase Honda Motorcycle in Universitas Klabat from January 2017 – July 2017. Interestingly for individual factor, the quality and promotion factors had positive significant influence for buying decisions of the customers to buy Honda motorcycle in Universitas Klabat for the year 2017. The result showed that only 26.9% were positively influenced by the buying factor and the 73.1% are from the other factors that were not in the area of this research.

Keywords: price, taste, quality, after-sale price, prestige, promotion and buying decision

218 6th international scholars’ conference 219 Michael M. Orozco UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM–BIÑAN

MICHAEL M. OROZCO IS A COMPUTER STUDIES FACULTY RANKED AS ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR TEACHING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND COMPUTER SCIENCE STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM BIÑAN CAMPUS. HE IS A SCHOLAR IN DOCTOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AT THE TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE FINISHED HIS MASTER’S DEGREE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AT MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY, LUCENA (2010).

College of Computer Studies Graduate Tracer with Data Analytics Michael M. Orozco University of Perpetual Help System–Biñan

Abstract: University systems around the world are increasingly recognizing the importance of gathering information about their graduates to assess and improve institutional quality, monitor employment outcomes, adapt old, and develop new curriculum. The researcher conducted a study about web-based graduate tracer study to trace the Computer Studies alumni employment status, alignment of job, and job whereabouts, collect high rate of data collection from the alumni using an online based website. The project analyzes the alumni job employment history if aligned with the bachelor’s degree status for curriculum development and create a productive and accurate way to collect alumni whereabouts. The researcher used the descriptive research to summarize quantitative data collection using descriptive statistics and conducted survey for the selected Computer Studies alumni from 2010 to 2017. Using the applied research and development (R&D), the researcher created a website for collecting detailed data information. Based on ISO 9126 website evaluation, the criteria on portability ranked as the highest with 4.31 weighted mean, while the criteria for the efficiency of the website project ranks as the lowest with a weighted mean of 4.17. The result of the evaluation of Alumni Graduate Tracer with Data Analytics showed that the developed system has achieved its functional requirements in applying the modern way of saving information and performing analytics.

Keywords: website project, ISO 9126, graduate tracer, online survey, career jobs, curriculum alignment

220 6th international scholars’ conference 221 Business and Governance

Nelda Atibagos Nacion DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY - DASMARIÑAS

NELDA ATIBAGOS NACION IS TEACHING AT THE MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS DEPARTMENT OF DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY DASMARIÑAS. SHE IS CURRENTLY WRITING HER THESIS IN HER SECOND MASTER’S DEGREE, MASTER OF SCIENCE IN STATISTICS AND AT THE SAME TIME WRITING HER DISSERTATION IN HER PHD PROGRAM, PHD IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION. SHE’S BEEN PRESENTING PAPER EVERY YEAR IN THE ISC.

Estimating the Number of Poor Households in The Municipalities of Cavite: A Small Area Estimation Approach Nelda Atibagos Nacion De La Salle University - Dasmariñas

Abstract: Poverty has always been a challenge in many countries in the world. Based on the report of Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) in 2015, more than 26 million Filipinos remain poor, living in extreme poverty. Because of the reported poverty incidence in the different countries, poverty alleviation has always been a part of each country’s development programs. Since the poverty problem is serious, and the resources are limited, this research was conducted to efficiently target the poor households especially at a lower level (municipal) by estimating the number of poor households. The method of estimating at a lower aggregate is called Small Area Estimation (SAE). SAE, is the method of estimating reliable statistics in small geographical area or spatial micro population unit. The data used in this study came from the Census of Population and Housing (CPH, 2010) and the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES, 2009) retrieved from the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). After selecting the best fit model, the number of poor households and the corresponding poverty incidence were computed in each of the municipalities in Cavite. The poorest municipality in Cavite is GMA, followed by Carmona. On the other hand, the municipality with the lowest poverty incidence is Indang, followed by Trece Martires City. Future researchers may do the same methodology with a modification on the variables used for a more efficient estimate.

Keywords: small area estimation, poverty, poverty incidence, poor households

220 6th international scholars’ conference 221 Lualhati Parulan Sausa ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. LUALHATI PARULAN SAUSA, IS AN MBA, A REGISTERED NURSE AND A LICENSED PROFESSIONAL TEACHER, AND CURRENTLY THE CHAIR OF THE GRADUATE BUSINESS DEPARTMENT OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN-CHARGE OF THE MBA AND PHD IN COMMERCE PROGRAMS.

Self-Esteem, Study Habits, and Academic Performance of Business College Students Jessica M. Vicente, Nerissa I. Gonzales, Manilyn A. Cabilan, Veroncia C. Diaz, Lual- hati P. Sausa and Lowena De Ocampo Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Individual’s academic success may be affected by personal and social dimensions of life. Self-esteem and study habits are that dimensions in life that have influential effects on academic achievement. Thus, this study was conducted to determine if there is a significant relationship between self-esteem, study habits and the academic performance of 151 students from the College of Business. This study utilized the descriptive and correlational designs. Using stratified sampling, the questionnaires were administered to a sample of 151 business students. The descriptive results revealed that the business students have high self-esteem, good study habits, and average academic performance (GPA=3.31). Using Pearson’s correlation, a significant relationship was found between self-esteem and academic performance and between study habits and academic performance in terms of reading textbooks, taking notes and using resources. It was recommended that educators should encourage and cheer up students, raise their spirits when they are down, and congratulate them when they are doing well. Educators should find activities that will motivate students to study harder to improve their academic performance.

Keywords: self-esteem, study habits, academic performance

222 6th international scholars’ conference 223 Business and Governance

Indrajit Taliwongso UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

INDRAJIT TALIWONGSO IS A LECTURER AT THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS OF UNIVERSITAS KLABAT. HE COMPLETED HIS MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AT ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES AND BACHELOR OF COMMERCE, MAJOR IN MARKETING AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HIS RESEARCH AREA IS MARKETING, RETAILING, AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT.

Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) Comparison on Local Minimarket versus National Brand Minimarket Indrajit Taliwongso and Ernest Matindas Universitas Klabat

Abstract: The entrance of the national brand retailers gave a certain impact to the local people and retailers, especially the traditional once known as “mom and pop” stores. The impact is diverse; whereas for customers it gives more options, but it gives more competition to the local retailers resulted in the closing of some local retailers. However, there are local retailers that survive the situation. This research is intended to know service factors that customers deem important for a retailer, and by knowing these important factors the local retailers may face the competition by focusing and allocating their resources to the appropriate area of services that of most important. This is a cross-sectional descriptive research using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method as a tool to compare customers’ opinions on a retail store. This research has used a total sample of 400 retailers in the form of minimarket customers in Airmadidi, North Minahasa using accidental sampling method. This research has found that there are similarities in customers opinion regarding the services rendered that need to be improved such as; all customers in the four sampled stores agree that complain handling and guarantee on the product quality are the most important factors but haven’t been performed very well by the four stores.

Keywords: service quality, retail, minimarket, Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA), customer satisfaction

222 6th international scholars’ conference 223 Nedilyn T. Reyes ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

NEDILYN REYES IS A CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANT AND CURRENTLY A FACULTY OF COLLEGE OF BUSINESS IN THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Testing the Moderating Effects of Sex, Age and Job Classification on Work-life Balance, and Job Satisfaction of Higher Education Institution Employees Glenda B. Joy Lopez, Nedilyn T. Reyes and Evely Lintao Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Work-life balance and job satisfaction have become a predominant issue in the workplace especially for those with conflicting responsibilities. This study examined the relationship of work-life balance and job satisfaction of 120 employees of a sectarian higher education institution. It further tests the effects of sex, age, and job classification on the relationship between work-life balance and job satisfaction. Validated survey questionnaires were used to assess the employees’ work-life balance and job satisfaction. The moderator variables are sex, age (classified as above 40 years old and 40 years and below), and job classification in terms of teaching and non-teaching. The study utilized the descriptive and structural equation modeling techniques using SPSS version 23 and AMOS. The overall results revealed that the employees agree that they have a balanced work and family life. Further, the employees also claimed that they are highly satisfied with their current job. This study established that work-life balance has a positive influence on job satisfaction. The effects of sex, age, and job classification do not moderate the relationship of work life balance and job satisfaction. This research can be beneficial not only to academic institutions but also to any organization especially in maintaining the human resources of the institution.

Keywords: work-life balance, job satisfaction, moderating effects

224 6th international scholars’ conference 225 Business and Governance

Allan Noel G. Tiangco BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF NASUGBU

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ALLAN NOEL G. TIANGCO IS THE BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM CHAIR AT THE COLLEGE OF ACCOUNTANCY, BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND INTERNATIONAL HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT, BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF NASUGBU. HE IS CURRENTLY A PHD IN COMMERCE STUDENT AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment among Private School Teachers in Nasugbu, Batangas: Basis for Improving Teachers’ Retention Allan Noel G. Tiangco Batangas State University ARASOF Nasugbu

Abstract: In the face of uncertainties, organizational handlers have come to the realization that organization’s success can no longer be sustained through improved products and services alone but through dedicated, satisfied and committed employees.The study investigated job satisfaction and organizational commitment among private school teachers in Nasugbu, Batangas. The sample consisted of 57 teachers from the different private schools in town. Statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, Pearson r correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are utilized to analyze the data gathered. Findings revealed that private school teachers in Nasugbu, Batangas are very satisfied with their jobs and that they are committed to the organization. Result of correlation analysis suggested that there exists a moderate positive and significant correlation between job satisfaction and organizational commitment. It was also revealed that there is no significant difference among each of the profile variables of the respondents and their job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Based on the findings, the researcher recommends that the management continue to offer a fair and flexible promotional policies and opportunities and effective job advancement schemes; build effective communication; and give frequent and clear feedback to improve the employees’ perception of security and further improve their job satisfaction.

Keywords: job satisfaction, organizational commitment, teachers, private schools

224 6th international scholars’ conference 225 Leomar C. Miano SOUTHERN LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY

MR. LEOMAR C. MIANO IS A FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AT SOUTHERN LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY WHERE HE OBTAINED THE DEGREE OF MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION. HE IS CURRENTLY ON THE LAST LEG OF HIS PHD IN COMMERCE MAJOR IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE HAS BEEN TEACHING UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS SINCE JUNE 2012. MR. MIANO HAS RESEARCHES PUBLISHED AND PRESENTED IN THE INTERNATIONAL AND LOCAL CONFERENCES.

Job and Life Satisfaction of Teaching Personnel in a State University in Quezon Province Leomar C. Miano Southern Luzon State University

Abstract: This study aimed to explore the relationship of job and life satisfaction of the teaching personnel in a state university in Quezon Province. Data from 204 teaching personnel were collected through purposive sampling from that state university. Descriptive-Correlational design was used in this study. Based on the result, the teaching personnel are satisfied with the compensation and benefits, promotion, supervisory practices and working condition. Furthermore, the teaching personnel are satisfied with their family, health, social relationship and work. Consequently, the teaching personnel in that state university in Quezon Province are satisfied with their lives. Moreover, there is a significant relationship between job satisfaction and life satisfaction. The result also showed that there is no significant difference on the level of job and life satisfaction when grouped according to profile.

Keywords: job satisfaction, life satisfaction, teaching personnel

226 6th international scholars’ conference 227 Business and Governance

Cherry del Mundo Abeleda BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY ARASOF-NASUGBU

CHERRY DEL MUNDO ABELEDA, A GRADUATE OF BACHELOR IN TOURISM IN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES AND A LICENSED PROFESSIONAL TEACHER, IS CURRENTLY ENROLLED IN HER LAST SEMESTER FOR THE COMPLETION OF THE MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM AT BATSTATEU ARASOF- NASUGBU. HER ADVOCACIES INCLUDE TRAVEL JOURNALISM AND CULTURAL HERITAGE TOURISM.

Competency Requirements of Tourism Employees in Selected Establishments in Tourism Travel Distribution Sector, Airline Sector and Accommodation Sector Reinadel I.Aquino, Angelica B.Cahayon, Ma.Danzhiela Teeney A. Dacumos, and Cherry D. Abeleda Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu

Abstract: This study investigated the gap between the competency requirements that the Tourism industry imposes among its employees, and the actual training and instruction given by HEIs, in the face of job mismatch cases in the field. The research covered the profile variables of the respondents in terms of sex, age, highest educational attainment, position in the company, years in the service, and most importantly the respective skills required by each of the sectors involved. Among the things that generated curiosity of the researchers were: (a) whether or not the graduates are trained in line with the industry requirement, (b) whether there is a common set of competencies that would surface, (c) and the possibility of revealing sector specific competencies across the three select sectors. Questionnaires were distributed among 15 purposively chosen full scale establishments tourism with 5 participants for every sector. Results revealed that there is a significant difference in competency requirements when grouped according to sector. The research also identified sector-specific competencies and highlighted the employer‘s preference to communication skills. The outcome of this study may shed useful insights on HEI instruction in producing competitive graduates who may hopefully give significant contributions to the industry.

Keywords: competency requirements, tourism skills, HEI Instruction

226 6th international scholars’ conference 227 Meidy Lieke Karundeng UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MEIDY LIEKE KARUNDENG HOLDS A MASTER IN MANAGEMENT DEGREE. SHE IS A LECTURER AND THE ASSISTANT REGISTRAR AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA. MEIDY ENJOYS WRITING AND READING.

Determinants of Employee Performance at the Bandar Lampung Adventist Hospital Meidy Lieke Karundeng Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: To know the determinants of employee performance has been a concern of employers. Through questionnaires and interviews, this quantitative study utilized 104 respondents, medics and non-medics, from Bandar Lampung Adventist Hospital in West Indonesia. The results of the study claimed that job placement, educational attainment, and training are factors of the employee performance and they influence a total of 41.9% towards workers’ accomplishment. Further study suggests identification of more determinants for an efficient and effective employee performance.

Keywords: educational attainment, training, job placement, employee performance, Indonesia

228 6th international scholars’ conference 229 Business and Governance

Shirley J. Lascuña ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

SHIRLEY J. LASCUÑA, MBA, PHD, WORKS AS ASSISTANT DIRECTOR IN THE HUMAN RESOURCE OFFICE OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES AND A PART-TIME ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN THE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS.

Involvement in Mission, Ministry and Community Service among Employees of Higher Education Institution Shirley J. Lascuña, Arlene M. Gayoba and Reuel E. Narbarte Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Employee involvement in the programs and activities has been an issue in many Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), thus, should be given importance. With this concern, this study was conducted to determine the extent of employee involvement in the mission, Christian ministry, and community services. Survey questionnaires were administered to 187 University employees using purposive sampling. These workers were regular (89.8%), probationary (5.3%), and contractual (4.8%), who were single (19.3%) and married (77.5%). The descriptive results showed that the involvement of the University workers in the mission (x = 4.66), Christian ministry (4.65), and community service (4.58) were Very high, respectively. In order to nurture students for Accountability and integrity, Committed service, and Excellence in work (ACE), the University workers are directly involved as sponsors/ advisers of small groups and Sabbath school teachers and officers. Moreover, they lead Bible reading and worship; pray with students; join Smoking, Alcohol, and Drug (SAD) free campaign with students; and help them with their immediate needs. Workers are also involved in Christian ministries such as school teachers, small group sponsors, Week of Prayer participants, music ministry, women’s health and wellness, church officers, crusades, and independent ministries. Further, the University workers were also involved in community services such as Bayanihan in nearby and adopted barangays; work scholar adoption and sponsorship; medical missions; church, home and hospital visitations; charitable works; clean up drives; and feeding programs. Based on these results, recommendations were made to maintain and/or increase employee involvement in University-related programs and activities.

Keywords: involvement, mission, Christian ministry, community service

228 6th international scholars’ conference 229 Ernest Cornelius Matindas UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

ERNEST CORNELIUS MATINDAS IS A LECTURER AT THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS, UNIVERSITAS KLABAT (UNKLAB), INDONESIA. HE EARNED BACHELOR OF ACCOUNTING FROM UNKLAB AND MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION FROM ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES (AIIAS), SILANG, CAVITE, PHILIPPINES. HIS RESEARCH INTEREST LIES IN THE AREAS OF MARKETING AND HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT.

The Effect of Brand Image and Product Quality on Purchase Decision Ernest C. Matindas and Indah Kurnia Beatrix Watung Universitas Klabat

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze whether brand image and product quality, together, can influence purchase decision, and also whether age, gender, and level of education affected the influence of brand image and product quality toward purchase decision. This study used descriptive correlation method. The population of the study was all the young people around Airmadidi who used Samsung smartphone. Using purposive random sampling technique, there were 300 respondents as the sample of this study. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression to see the effect of brand image and product quality on purchase decision with age, gender, and education as the moderator variables. The results showed that brand image and product quality together affect purchase decision. However, further analysis found that based on their age, the respondents above 16 years old consider product quality when making purchase decision, whereas when based on gender, both male and female respondents consider product quality in making purchase decision although male respondents also consider brand image. Lastly, when based on the level of education, the respondents in middle school are more influenced by brand image, while the respondents with higher level of education are more concerned with product quality.

Keywords: brand image, moderating variable, product quality, purchase decision

230 6th international scholars’ conference 231 Business and Governance

Marta B. Macalalad ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. MARTA B. MACALALAD IS ONE OF THE FACULTY MEMBERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Customer Service Satisfaction of Frontliners in a University in Cavite Marta B. Macalalad Universitas Klabat

Abstract: Frontliners are people who work on the front lines of a business operation, primarily in customer service roles. They are the first to interact with the customers and are expected to represent the face of the business. However, some fronliners are not behaving the way they are expected to behave. This study determined the customer satisfaction of the frontliners of the student finance, records and admission office, cashier, and student services office of one university and compared the satisfaction rating about the services that is provided by frontliners in the university according to their gender, age, and department. Likert-type survey questionnaires were administered to 100 students who were selected using convenience sampling. The customer satisfaction survey consisted of 20 descriptive questions using the scale strongly agree (4), agree (3), disagree (2), and strongly disagree (1). The respondents were given survey questionnaires right after they were served by frontliners of the various departments of the university. Results from the descriptive statistics revealed that the student customers were generally satisfied with the services of the frontliners of the various departments in the university. The comparison of the satisfaction by gender, age, and year in college is not significant (p > .05). Equally important in this study are the qualitative results which revealed positive and negative comments on the way the frontliners handled queries and inquiries. Areas that need improvement were identified by the respondents. Similar studies on customer service satisfaction of fronliners be conducted regularly including other service department in the university. Seminar be conducted to improve and/or maintain customer satisfaction.

Keywords: customer, service, satisfaction, frontliners, university

230 6th international scholars’ conference 231 Kheirn Karren V. Pajarito ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

KHEIRN KARREN V. PAJARITO IS AN INSTRUCTOR AT THE COLLEGE OF NURSING, ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

The Relationship between Parenting Styles on Internet Usage among Adolescents Joshua David O. Aguilar, Kennedy O. Abuga and Kheirn Karren V. Pajarito Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Parenting styles are known to have a powerful influence to children but this does not define whether the child is susceptible to the harmful effects of internet usage or not. Although adolescents are the biggest technology users, there is limited literature exploring the extent of their internet usage and its relationship to parenting style in the Philippines. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of parenting styles to internet usage among adolescence. This cross-sectional study was conducted to 105 respondents from a high school facility in Lipa City, Batangas. The participants were selected using purposive sampling. Respondents answered a self- constructed questionnaire which includes an internet checklist and parenting style questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation and Pearson correlation. The results revealed that the extent of internet usage in terms of frequency and duration of the respondents has a mean of 5.70 (SD = 1.41) and mean of 3.97 (SD = 1.40), respectively. Moreover, uninvolved parenting style (p = .04) showed a low (r = .197) positive correlation with internet usage in terms of duration of internet use. There is no significant difference in the frequency of internet usage (p = .83) and in the duration of internet usage (p = .44) between male and female respondents.

Keywords: technology, teenager, parenthood

232 6th international scholars’ conference 233 Arts And Humanities

Nicolas Anugerah Chrissutianto ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES - ACADEMY

NICOLAS ANUGERAH CHRISSUTIANTO WAS BORN IN MARCH 1, 2001 IN KLATEN, INDONESIA TO PARENTS DONNY CHRISSUTIANTO AND MARIA NURDIANA. HE HAS A LITTLE SISTER NAMED KEZIA CHARISMA CHRISSUTIANTO AND SHE IS JUST TWO YEARS OLD. AT PRESENT, HE IS IN GRADE 12 AT AIIAS ACADEMY.

Sleeping Habits of Teenagers in a Multi-Cultural Community: A Case Study Nicolas Chrissutianto1 and Ranjith Kingston Gladstone2 1Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies - Academy 2Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: Sleep is an essential phase of every living being’s everyday life cycle. However, activities engaged in this modern world by the teenagers cause lack of sleep, resulting in negative impact. In addition, both restoration theory by Oswald and Hibernation theory of Webb explain the results of lack of sleep to be causing daydreams, restlessness in the body, having difficulty with memory, etc. Studies done in this area highlights the cause and challenges of teenagers’ sleep deprivation, but there are no direct studies done in relation with multicultural community. Therefore, this qualitative research identified the factors of sleeping deprivation for teenagers in a multicultural community using case study design. There were 12 participants as purposive sampling from the 70 countries representatives who are residing in an International Higher Education Institution. Data were collected through interviews, focus group, and observation. Upon coding the data, categories, themes were developed. Findings revealed that the major causes are: activities for the self (video games, watching movie, social media), mental activities (having too much napping), and physical activities (house chores). Recommendations are presented to both teenagers and the teachers who may deal with them in the classroom.

Keywords: qualitative research, case study, teenagers sleep habits, multi- cultural community, restoration theory, and hibernation theory

232 6th international scholars’ conference 233 Mylene S Gumarao ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. MYLENE S. GUMARAO IS CHAIR OF THE GRADUATE PSYCHOLOGY DEPARTMENT AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Lived Experiences of an Only Child Ghexis Jeb Guillem, Analie Joy Patricio, Mylene S Gumarao, and Eva Castillo Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Birth ranking has been used to describe the personality of the eldest, middle and the youngest child, and how they act the way they do because of the birth order that they were born into. This is not the case for an only child. An only child’s personality is said to be more complicated compared to those with siblings. Hence, this phenomenological study aimed to understand the self-perception, lived experiences, issues, and challenges of an only child. Eight participants (five males and three females) ranging from 15-21 years old were chosen through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. One-on-one interviews were conducted utilizing a set of semi- structured self-made interview questions, and then the data were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed through thematic analysis. Six themes emerged for an only child’s lived experiences, namely: academically contented, positive interpersonal relationship, emotionally satisfied, inclined to sports, lack of spiritual convictions, and feels compensated through friends; three themes for an only child’s self-perception such as: the priority, lack of companionship, and emotionally weak; three themes emerged for the issues and problems that an only child faces, specifically: no issues in general, sibling issues, and distant relationship with the parents; lastly, two themes emerged for their challenges, particularly, being alone in supporting parents and lack of freedom. This study can be an informative tool to help practitioners in dealing with individuals who are an only child. It is recommended that a deeper study on an only child’s performance during adulthood in terms of career and family be done.

Keywords: only child, pamper, singletons, phenomenological study

234 6th international scholars’ conference 235 Arts And Humanities

Janet Nyaboke Odhiambo ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

JANET NYABOKE ODHIAMBO IS CURRENTLY PURSUING HER DOCTOR OF PUBLIC HEALTH AT AUP. HER RESEARCH INTEREST INCLUDES ADOLESCENTS AND WOMEN. SHE HOLDS MASTER’S DEGREES IN PUBLIC HEALTH AND PSYCHOLOGY. SHE IS A CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANT WHO HAS WORKED IN BOTH HOSPITAL AND CORPORATE SETTING IN KENYA. SHE ALSO WORKED AS A PSYCHOLOGIST IN NON-GOVERNMENT INSTITUTION.

Exploring the Causes and Psychological Consequences of Teen Pregnancy Janet Nyaboke Odhiambo Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Teenage pregnancy has become a global and a public health concern as mortality rates associated with it are on the increase. In the last two decades, worldwide, the rate is slowly decreasing. However, this is not the case in the Philippines, yet not much is known about its background as majority of the studies have focused on the outcomes. This current study explored the causes of teenage pregnancy and the psychological consequences in the light of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model. Utilizing qualitative case study, nine participants were interviewed. Data were transcribed and analyzed using Miles, Huberman, and Saldana’s thematic analysis. Three main themes emerged, namely: sociocultural factors (peer influence, lack of parental guidance, culture, and transactional sex); individual factors (curiosity and poor sex knowledge, uncontrolled emotions, and revenge), and psychological consequences (emotional reactions, fear, and low self-esteem). The study concluded that teenage pregnancy is multifaceted and is influenced by psychological factors within the micro, meso, and macro systems. A multidisciplinary approach using coordinated effort may prove appropriate in reducing cases of teenage pregnancy.

Keywords: teenage pregnancy, psychological consequences, adolescents, qualitative, public health

234 6th international scholars’ conference 235 Edmund R. Acquioben ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MR. EDMUND R. ACQUIOBEN IS ONE OF THE INSTRUCTORS OF THE HISTORY AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Reanalysis of the Historical Existence of the Remontado Dumagats in Sierra Madre Edmund Acquioben, Jesse Songcayawon, Jeruel Ibanez, Joseph Ledesma Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: One of the least studied and documented ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines is the Remontado Dumagat group inhabiting the Sierra Madre Mountains in Rizal and Quezon. This tribal group is considered by writers and researchers who mostly worked on linguistics as a branch of the woolly haired and dark skinned Pygmy aborigines of the Philippines whom the Spaniards called Negritos. Other sources claim that the Remontado Dumagats are but mestizos, offsprings of intermarriages between a branch of the Malays (the dominant race among Austronesians) and the Negritos. But getting in close contact with the Remontado Dumagats, physically most of them are noticeably no different from those of the brown skinned and straight haired Malay Filipinos like the Ilocanos, Tagalogs, Cebuanos, Bicolanos, Ilonggos, Karay-a Waray, etc. except that many of them resemble the physical features of the people of South Asia (the Indians, Bangladeshis and Pakistanis). They are not short and small like the Negritos; instead, some of them are even bigger and taller than the average Malay Filipinos. This paper dealt with the reanalysis of the historical existence of the Remontado Dumagats as a group. It investigated who this group of people are and where they came from based on the different explanations why they are called Remontado Dumagats; the dispersal of their population; their cultural distinctions and similarities with other indigenous people of the Philippines; a discussion of their social and political organization; and, the cultural transformation brought about by industrialization.

Keywords: historical analysis, aborigines, Negritos

236 6th international scholars’ conference 237 Arts And Humanities

Genfil Q. Villahermosa ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MR. GENFIL Q. VILLAHERMOSA IS ONE OF THE INSTRUCTORS OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Students’ Perception on the Characteristics of Online News and Social Media as News Medium Andrea Louise C. Seguin, Genfil Q. Villahermosa and Romeo Barrios Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Social media have become significant in the lives of many young people. Use of social media increases as that of newspapers decreases. Nowadays, cellphones and other electronic devices have taken over all forms of communication. As access and availability on online news grow, the concern for the quality of information found online deceases. This descriptive study determined students’ perception on the characteristics of online news and social media as news medium. Further, it examined the significant difference in the characteristics of online news and social media as news medium considering gender, school affiliation, and religion. Credibility Perceptions of Television and Online News questionnaire was used to gather information from a purposively sampled 120 students among three colleges in Region IV. Bipolar adjectives in a semantic scale of 1-5 were used in this questionnaire. The respondents used Facebook (91.67%), Twitter (41.67%), YouTube (43.33%), Snapchat (5.83%) and Others (17.5%). The respondents perceived a low credibility of online news and social media in terms of fairness, unbiased, coverage of the story, accuracy, public, privacy, separating facts and opinion, trustworthiness, concerns, factual, and presentation. Further results revealed that the respondents perceived that online news cares about the audience’s needs and interests, concerned about the public interest and community’s well-being, uses active voice, with political leanings, and offers fresh news. The gender difference on the characteristics of news and social media as news medium is significant in favor of female. The respondents’ perception of the characteristics of news and social media as news medium significantly differ by schools and religion. It is recommended to find other factors that influence the credibility of news medium. Other implications were discussed in the study.

Keywords: online news, social media, news medium, credibility

236 6th international scholars’ conference 237 Julie Joy Lacificar CENTRAL PHILIPPINE ADVENTIST COLLEGE

JULIE JOY LACIFICAR IS THE DEAN OF CENTRAL PHILIPPINE ADVENTIST COLLEGE - SCHOOL OF NURSING. SERVING THE COLLEGE FOR MORE THAN A DECADE NOW, SHE HAS DEVOTED HER TIME AND VIGOR SERVING HER ALMA MATER WITH CHOCKFULL COMMITMENT AND COMPASSION. HER PASSION IN TRAINING YOUNG PEOPLE FOR GOD’S WORK THROUGH CHRISTIAN EDUCATION AND HEALING MINISTRY IS SELFLESS AND NEVER COMPELLED.

Smartphone Usage and Academic Performance of College Students Julie Joy R. Lacificar Central Philippine Adventist College

Abstract: There are varied views about smartphones weighed benefits and deemed disadvantages to academic performance. The researcher would like to break in the barrier between this prevalent yet still perplexing matter. This study described the relationship of smartphone usage and academic performance of college students in a faith-based institution. A descriptive correlational design was used to purposively sampled 75 students. Of the 75, 51% have high grade point average and 47% were using smartphone for an average of 5-8 hours per day. Students claimed they need smartphones in classroom primarily to provide additional resources for research work. However, they only use smartphone moderately to support their classroom learning. This study ascertained that most of the teachers were distracted when students use smartphones in the classroom. Nevertheless, the use of smartphone in the classroom has neither negative nor positive impact to student’s learning. The study revealed no significant relationship between extent of smartphone use to support classroom learning and academic performance, between classroom learning and academic performance and between impact of smartphone use in classroom to learning and academic performance. However, this study showed a moderate, negative, significant relationship between hours spent in using smartphone per day and academic performance. This implies that the more time is spent in using smartphone, the lower the academic performance. Therefore, there is a need to regulate if not totally prohibit the use of smartphone in the classroom. Nonetheless, students must be encouraged to minimize the total number of hours spent in smartphone use per day.

Keywords: smartphone usage, academic performance

238 6th international scholars’ conference 239 Arts And Humanities

Belle C. Manlapig ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

BELLE C. MANLAPIG IS ONE OF THE ENGLISH INSTRUCTORS OF THE LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Psychological Preparedness of Grade 11 Students towards Success in Senior High School Belle C. Manlapig Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: To be at par with other countries’educational system, the K to 12 launched in 2012 was fully implemented nationwide in 2016. Doubtful concerning the Senior High psychological preparedness, researchers surveyed 121 Grade 11 students aged 15-20 from two private and one public schools in Quezon City where 80 (66%) are females and 41(34%) are males representing STEM (26%), ABM (25%), TVL (23%), HUMSS (15%), SMAW (6. %), BP (3%) and GA (2%) tracks. Four dimensions: adaptability, self-efficacy, motivation, and goal-orientation were examined using 20-item four-point Likert scale at Cronbach’s alpha 0.82. Findings revealed that students possess moderate level of motivation (mean 3.37 and SD of 0.69), adaptability (mean 3.36 and SD 0.63), goal orientation (mean 3.22 and SD 0.63) and self-efficacy (mean 3.00 and SD 0.71) with overall mean 3.26 and SD 0.67. Similar results were obtained when respondents were disaggregated by track, gender and school type however, those under TVL, male and enrolled in public were found to have the lowest self-efficacy relative to their counterpart. To raise the level of self-efficacy, responsiveness to the students’ needs were recommended. Further studies should see whether significant differences between groupings under track, gender, and type exist.

Keywords: K-12, Philippines education, psychological traits

238 6th international scholars’ conference 239 Mangadar Simbolon UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA AND ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OFTHE PHILIPPINES

MR. MANGADAR SIMBOLON IS A MASTER OF ARTS HOLDER FROM FACULTY OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA, YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA. CURRENTLY, HE IS A LECTURER AT FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA, BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE IN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PSYCHOLOGY.

The Study of Gadget Addiction of Among University Students Mangadar Simbolon1 and Stephanie Bethania Pearly Simbolon2 1Universitas Advent Indonesia and 2Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Data in the country of Indonesia in 2017 shows the number of gadget users is 74.9 million people, while those exposed or using social media is 129.2 million. Research done in 2017 showed that 168 children to elderly were using gadgets (100%). The purpose of this study was to find out how dependent a person is on the gadget. Respondents of this study were the 270 university students. The method used in this study was descriptive utilizing the accidental sampling technique. The results showed that: 100% of the respondents feel the gadget is vibrating even if it doesn’t. 99.6% of respondents check gadget every now and then, respondents bring the gadget to the bathroom (99.6%), and panic when gadget is not found (99.6%). Further results revealed that 99.3 % of the respondents are more preoccupied with their gadget and 99.6% of them examined their gadgets regularly. This study concluded that students are very dependent on their gadgets since these are their source of information.

Keywords: addiction, student, gadget

240 6th international scholars’ conference 241 Arts And Humanities

Romeo M. Barrios ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. ROMEO M. BARRIOS IS CHAIR OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE FORMERLY SERVED THE SAME UNIVERSITY AS THE RESEARCH DIRECTOR.

Relationship of Instant Messaging to the Face-to-Face Communication and Social Relationship of College Students Michelle Anne P. Diamante and Romeo M. Barrios Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Instant messaging has become a very popular and common application in everyday life. It is perceived to be useful for interpersonal communication. However, this application may affect the social aspects of individuals. Thus, this study determined the relationship of instant messaging to college students’ face-to-face communication, particularly in the aspects of kinesics, and their social relationship with their peers, classmates, family, relatives and teachers. Sixty seven college students participated in the study through a researcher-made questionnaire. The data was analyzed using Pearson’s r, ANOVA, and Mann Whitney U-test. The findings of the study are as follows: 1) the respondents use smartphones more that their other devices, and that Facebook Messenger is the application they used most for communication; 2) the respondents use instant messaging more frequently to communicate with their classmates and peers than with their family, relatives, and teachers; and 3) that respondents’ face-to-face communication happens more frequently with their peers and classmates than with their family, relatives, and teachers. This study also revealed that the more the respondents use instant messaging, the more their face-to-face communication improved. In the same way, their social relationship also develops as they use instant messaging. Make use of instant messaging as a tool to improve the quality of students life is one of the many implications of the study.

Keywords: instant messaging, face-to-face-communication, social relationship

240 6th international scholars’ conference 241 Myrtle C. Orbon ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MS. MYRTLE C. ORBON FINISHED BOTH HER AB PSYCHOLOGY AND MA PSYCHOLOGY DEGREES AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES WHERE SHE CURRENTLY SERVES AS CHAIR OF THE PSYCHOLOGY DEPARTMENT. SHE IS NOW ON THE LAST LEG OF HER PHD PSYCHOLOGY, STILL, IN THE SAME UNIVERSITY.

Psychological Experiences of an Individual with Bipolar Disorder: A Case Study Myrtle C. Orbon Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Bipolar is one of the mood disorders. It is characterized by episodes of manic, hypomanic and major depressive. The present study aimed to understand the underlying psychological experiences in the development of the disorder. The participant is a female, 51-year-old patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder. The study used psychological tests, observations, interviews, and existing charts to gather relevant data. The psychodynamic and attachment theory was used in evaluating and analyzing the case. The result has shown that the patient experienced disruption of secure attachment in her early childhood stage. She had a pattern of unresolved feelings of dethronement, felt neglected by her father and was abused by her mother. These experiences may have led to her insecure attachment which presently manifests in her emotional dysregulation. The study implies the importance of attachment experienced in the earliest years as its outcome is extended in the present psychological domains. Further psychological implications and recommendations are discussed.

Keywords: bipolar disorder, case study, attachment theory, psychodynamic theory

242 6th international scholars’ conference 243 Arts And Humanities

Florvilla P. Marticio ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. FLORVILLA P. MARTICIO IS DEAN OF THE COLLEGE OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Lived Experiences of Guidance Facilitators Who Take the Role of Guidance Counselors in the Philippines Almira Cervantes, Eunice Aclan, Florvilla P. Marticio, Mylene Gumarao Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Guidance facilitators in the Philippines usually do not hold the qualifications of a guidance counselor. Yet, due to registered guidance counselor (RGC) shortage, guidance facilitators who graduated in various fields must take RGC’s role, thus, the gap remains and literature on this issue is scarce. Hence, this phenomenological research explored the experiences of guidance facilitators with their clients. It answered two research questions: a) How do the guidance facilitators describe their experiences in taking RGC’s role? b) What issues and challenges have the guidance facilitators faced? Fifteen guidance facilitators who met the criteria set were the study’s participants. To achieve maximum variation, participants were chosen across age, employment type, and location. Data were collected via one-on-one interviews and analyzed using Creswell’s model retaining only relevant themes. The themes that emerged on the guidance facilitators’ experiences were clients with special needs and boundary issues. Under boundary issues were multiple relationships, multiple roles, and love interest by clients with the guidance facilitators. The feelings of fear, difficulty, confusion, guilt, and sense of achievement were felt by the guidance facilitators as they described their counseling experiences. Issues and challenges faced by guidance facilitators were lack of training, job mismatch, lack of documentation, false accusation, limited technology and skills, and guidance counselors’ insufficiency. Based on the findings, a training program for guidance facilitators is necessary. For future research, mixed method studies may be conducted to find out the extent of the problem in terms of the shortage of RGCs and to design intervention to address the RGC shortage.

Keywords: guidance counselor shortage, counseling in the Philippines, boundary issues

242 6th international scholars’ conference 243 Zussette C. Aplaon MINDORO STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY MALIANGCOG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BULALACAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Determinants of Satisfaction with Life among Mathematics Teachers Zussette C. Aplaon1, Honey Shane M. Malibiran2, and Leo Carlo M. Montebon3 1Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology 2Maliangcog Elementary School 3Bulalacao National High School

Abstract: Happiness and satisfaction with life are vital to the total well- being of an individual. In the teaching profession, the attitude as well as the emotional state of the teachers affects their teaching performance and their relationship with the learners. In this sense, the researchers conducted this study in the aim of determining the factors and the level of satisfaction with life of the mathematics teachers currently enrolled in the Graduate Studies. The factors that were included in the study are personal profile in terms of age, gender, position, length of service, salary, and teaching load while school profile included class type, type of school, school population, book ratio and school facilities. Forty randomly selected mathematics teachers were the respondents of the study. The data gathering tool used was composed of four parts: the survey form for personal and school profile, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The data gathered were treated using mean, frequency – percentage, correlation and stepwise regression. The results show that age, type of school and school population are determinants of satisfaction with life.

Keywords: satisfaction with life scale, determinants, mathematics teachers, graduate students, stepwise regression

244 6th international scholars’ conference 245 Arts And Humanities

Leomar S. Galicia UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA

DR.LEOMAR S. GALICIA IS PRESENTLY THE RESEARCH DIRECTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA WHERE HE TEACHES UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE COURSES IN LANGUAGE AND RESEARCH. HE IS ALSO A PEER REVIEWER OF ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH (APJMR) AND A TRAINER OF COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION (CHED) FOR PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION/MALAYUNING KOMUNIKASYON.

Personality Type, Organizational Commitment and Collaborative Alliance among University of Perpetual Help System Laguna (UPHSL) Academic Personnel Sherill S. Villaluz and Leomar S. Galicia University of Perpetual Help System Laguna

Abstract: Higher education moved from elite system to mass system and accommodated different forms of partnership and collaboration which is now viewed as a mechanism for enhancing service delivery in education. The academic personnel of UPHSL are encouraged to participate in various support services essential in ensuring delivery of quality education. It is imperative that collaboration among employees is evident. The objective of this study was to identify how the personality type of 43 UPHSL academic personnel relate to their level of organizational commitment and how organizational commitment relate to their collaborative alliance. This descriptive-correlation research used convenience sampling. Findings showed that the more the respondents manifest traits such as abasement, achievement, deference, and respect for others, the higher is their level of organizational commitment; the more the respondents manifest traits such as abasement, achievement, deference, modesty, optimism, respect for others, the greater is their extent of collaborative alliance especially in terms of giving quality service to satisfy their stakeholders; and that the higher the level of the academic personnel’s organizational commitment is, the greater is their involvement in institutional marketing and promotion, community outreach program involvement and customer satisfaction. Creating a rich employment environment is also highly encouraged.

Keywords: personality type, organizational commitment, organizational alliance

244 6th international scholars’ conference 245 Nelson Balisar Panjaitan UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

ESTER J.E.W NDRURU DID HER BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN ENGLISH EDUCATION AT UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA, BANDUNG. NOW SHE IS WORKING AS AN ENGLISH INSTRUCTOR AT A PRIVATE ENGLISH COURSE IN PEKANBARU, RIAU, SUMATERA. HER RESEARCH INTERESTS WERE ABOUT IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING ACHIEVEMENT.

A Comparison Study between Peer Feedback Technique and Group Feedback Technique in Improving Students’ Writing Achievement in Writing Recount Text Ester J. E. W. Ndruru and Nelson Balisar Panjaitan Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Senior High School students still have difficulty in writing recount text. Their usual problem is the lack of finding ideas, lack of confidence and their weak motive to write in English. The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is significant difference of students’ writing achievement in writing recount text between those who were taught using Peer Feedback technique and those who were taught using Group Feedback technique. This quantitative research used comparative design. The population of this research was all the X students while the sample was the X-1 IPS students and X-2 IPS students. The instrument used in this research was writing recount text test. The result showed that there was no significant difference in the students’ achievement in writing recount text between groups who were exposed to peer feedback technique and group feedback technique. Even the difference is not significant, this study indicated that both Peer Feedback and Group Feedback technique can enhance students’ writing recount text.

Keywords: peer feedback and group feedback

246 6th international scholars’ conference 247 Arts And Humanities

Jezamine R. De Leon PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY (PNPA)

Perceived Local Government Unit (LGU) Entrepreneurial Training Program among Typhoon Yolanda Survivors: Basis for an Action Plan Jezamine R. De Leon1,2, Boots M. Aseo2, Giusseppe A. Geralde2, Roger U. Mangaoang2, and Eleuterio M. Ricardo Jr.2 1Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) 2Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This research study supports the advocacy of promoting public safety and helping typhoon survivors through efforts and initiatives of local government units (LGUs) in strengthening its entrepreneurial programs. Typhoon survivors are considered vulnerable population and the LGUs have a crucial responsibility for the recovery and progress of its populace. The main purpose of this research was to identify the LGU entrepreneurial efforts among Typhoon Yolanda survivors at a selected locality in Tacloban City, Philippines. Significant findings were revealed through the use of descriptive research design and random sampling technique among 295 Typhoon Yolanda survivors as respondents. Results showed that LGU entrepreneurial training programs provided to the respondents covers mindsets and capabilities. Furthermore, respondents are satisfied with the LGU entrepreneurial programs provided to them such as soft skills or socio-emotional skills and capacitating their competencies on business management, accounting, and marketing. However, despite these trainings and opportunities, respondents’ perception on their actual entrepreneurial status and performance are only average. These implied that having entrepreneurial mindset and capability trainings are not enough. At this level, it is important that local government units and stakeholders work together to provide opportunities for an individual to have his or her own business and be employed to have a better entrepreneurial status and performance. Finally, the overall results of this study served as a base line for an action plan with the hope of guiding LGUs and other significant members of the community to facilitate and guide typhoon survivors.

Keywords: public safety, vulnerable population, Typhoon Yolanda, entrepreneurial programs

246 6th international scholars’ conference 247 Jeff Eric Pajarito ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Family Communication and Reproductive Health Conversations among Seventh-day Adventist Jeff Eric Pajarito Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This study determined how reproductive health was discussed in the family; what topics were discussed under reproductive health; and determined the reasons why they discuss reproductive health. Premised on the Family Communication Pattern Theory (McLeod & Chaffee, 1972), the study determined the nature of family communication of Seventh-day Adventists families in terms of cohesion and conversation levels. The study employed a one-shot survey and convenient sampling. The respondents of the study are 82 Filipino SDA parents who have children between 15-20 years old, with life stage where adolescents experience various physical and emotional changes; belonged to generation X, and worked from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. The results revealed that both parents carry out decision-making in the home with regard to reproductive health issues. An open communication environment of reproductive health issues using casual objective approach was found effective for teenagers. Proper timing and current issues are anchors to start a reproductive health conversation leading to more transparent and communicative learning families. Having an open mind can lead to healthier discussions and implies getting away from the dangers of teenage pregnancy or unwarranted sexual behaviors. This means that the respondents of the study know how to deal with their teenagers as far as reproductive health conversations are concerned. Parents who reaffirm the value of their children could help in the development of positive and healthy attitudes.

Keywords: family communication, reproductive health, Seventh-day Adventist families

248 6th international scholars’ conference 249 Arts And Humanities

Jebamani Anthoney ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

JEBAMANI ANTHONEY IS A LECTURER OF FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY. HER AREAS OF INTEREST AND RESEARCH ARE IN THE CULTURES AND LITERATURE STUDIES AND HER MAIN RESEARCH AREA IS PATRIARCHAL PRESENTATION OF WOMEN CHARACTERS IN SHAKESPEAREAN PLAYS. SHE HAS PRESENTED PAPERS AT CONFERENCES, AND PUBLISHED ARTICLES AND PAPERS IN VARIOUS JOURNALS.

A Powerful Patriarchal Ideology: Women Challenge Dominant Fathers in Selected Shakespearean Plays Jebamani Anthoney Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: The Shakespearean text cannot avoid socially acceptable practices in its presentation of women characters. However, the presentation of women was neither a blatant exhibition of patriarchal ideology nor an uncritical celebration of its collapse. Patriarchy takes different forms and is portrayed with varying degrees of emphasis in Shakespeare. This study was based upon the exhaustive text analysis and interpretation. This study examined the representation of women in selected Shakespearean plays. The study’s aim was to show how some of Shakespearean women characters challenged dominant fathers and, thereby, a powerful patriarchal ideology. In this context, a daughter’s rebellion or her refusal to conform to her father’s wishes had serious consequences. The characters Rosalind in As You Like It, Jessica in Merchant of Venice, Hermia in A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Cordelia in King Lear, Desdemona in Othello and Juliet in Romeo and Juliet played roles ranging from innocent to devious to accommodate the needs of the text and society. The main hypothesis of the study was that though Shakespeare plays highlighted an irreversible search for free spaces for and by women, however unsuccessfully fashioned or unjustly presented, which support a powerful patriarchal ideology.

Keywords: patriarchy, women characters, Shakespearean plays, dominant fathers, daughter

248 6th international scholars’ conference 249 Hyreizl Love Tangonan ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES MS. HYREIZL LOVE TANGONAN IS A PART-TIME INSTRUCTOR IN THE FINE ARTS DEPARTMENT OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES WHERE SHE OBTAINED HER BACHELOR IN TRADIGITAL FINE ARTS. SHE IS CURRENTLY TAKING HER MASTER IN FINE ARTS AND DESIGN AT THE PHILIPPINE WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY. HER RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE VISUAL ARTS AND DESIGN, AND ACADEMIC ISSUES REGARDING ART TEACHING.

John Merick Eupalao ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES MR. JOHN MERICK EUPALAO IS THE STAFF/INSTRUCTOR OF THE FINE ARTS DEPARTMENT OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES WHERE HE COMPLETED HIS BACHELOR OF FINE ARTS. HE IS CURRENTLY TAKING HIS MASTER IN FINE ARTS AND DESIGN AT THE PHILIPPINE WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY. HIS INTEREST IS ON FILIPINO VISUAL ARTS AND CULTURE WHICH IS ALSO HIS CURRENT RESEARCH.

Charlton Selda ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES MR. CHARLTON SELDA IS A PART-TIME INSTRUCTOR IN THE FINE ARTS DEPARTMENT OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES WHERE HE FINISHED HIS BACHELOR IN TRADIGITAL FINE ARTS. HE IS CURRENTLY TAKING HIS MASTER’S DEGREE IN FINE ARTS IN THE PHILIPPINE WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY. HIS RESEARCH INTEREST INCLUDES THE SIGNIFICANCE OF VISUAL ARTS IN THE EMOTIONAL STABILITY AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ARTIST.

A Filipino Painter’s Perspective of Filipino Identity: What Makes Philippine Contemporary Paintings Truly Filipino Hyreizl Love Tangonan, John Merick Eupalao, Charlton Selda Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: There has been literature examining artists and their paintings in Philippine art history. However, understanding Filipino identity in the field of contemporary paintings from contemporary Filipino artists has not been researched extensively yet. The study, anchored on the psychoanalytic theory, answered the research question, “What makes Philippine contemporary paintings truly Filipino?” Qualitative case study design was used to gain understanding of this concept from a Filipino painter in the field of Philippine contemporary visual arts. To accomplish this, data were gathered using in-depth interviews with a Filipino painter who has been active in contemporary art production, and currently involved in art organizations and in the academe. According to the analysis of the interviews, the visual character (alibata) incorporated in the artwork, is an essential identifying element in Philippine contemporary paintings. Another element is the subject depicting current events in the country. The experiences, influences, and exposure of the artists are contributing factors in the creative process behind the paintings of the Filipino artist. This study will contribute to future research regarding the experiences of contemporary artists in the Philippines, as well as a source of reference for teachers of Philippine art history, with the intention of cultivating a love for national heritage, developing the eye to critique and understand Philippine paintings, and creating a deeper appreciation for being Filipino. Future research can focus on exploring other visual art disciplines and mediums such as sculpture, literary works and folk art, in relation to Filipino identity.

Keywords: Filipino identity, Philippine paintings, contemporary paintings 250 6th international scholars’ conference 251 Arts And Humanities

Jeruel B. Ibañez ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MR. JERUEL B. IBAÑEZ IS ONE OF THE FACULTY MEMBERS OF THE HISTORY AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Traditional Kaingin (Deforestation) Practices: The Case of Daraitan Dumagats Jeruel B. Ibanez, Cutie B. Canesares, Eunice M. Aclan, and Edmund R. Acquioben Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Many indigenous groups in the Philippines, especially those living in the mountainous regions, continue to practice the traditional deforestation called kaingin. Kaingin is slashing and burning of trees and plowing the ashes for fertilizer. It causes soil erosion, loss of soil fertility, and climate change. It is an illegal farming practice, which the Dumagats of Daraitan, Tanay, Rizal are aware of. However, they do not have any alternative way of farming. This paper, based on Ogburn’s Social Change Theory, is a qualitative case study that aimed to understand the cultural meaning of kaingin to the Dumagats and why they continue to practice it despite the environmental laws in the country. Also, this study proposes an alternative upland farming for environmental and economic sustainability. Data thematically analyzed were from the focus group discussions (FGD) and one-on-one interviews with the tribal kaingenyeros. Results showed that kaingin is a part of Dumagat culture and it is a source of their social and economic (socio-economic) bonding and therefore, cultural preservation. Furthermore, despite law’s prohibition, they continue the practice because they have no alternative land to till except the mountains which are their ancestral lands. They also lack education and training in farming. Alley cropping is proposed to restore the soil fertility without destroying the cultural economic bonding of the Dumagats by growing suitable plants based on the soil type as farm alleys while planting other crops such as corn in between the alleys without using chemicals as the leaves of the alley plants may serve as organic fertilizer.

Keywords: cultural preservation, slash and burn farming, alley cropping, sustainable farming, indigenous people

250 6th international scholars’ conference 251 Araceli C. Corpuz UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA

ARACELI C. CORPUZ IS A REGISTERED CHEMICAL ENGINEER AND A LICENSED PROFESSIONAL TEACHER, WHO TEACHES MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE COURSES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA. SHE HAS COMPLETED THE ACADEMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR HER PHD IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND HAS BEEN IN THE TEACHING PROFESSION FOR 27 YEARS. SHE IS ALSO A COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION (CHED) TRAINER FOR MATHEMATICS.

Disaster Risk Management Practices and Readiness for Disasters among Selected Schools in Binan City, Laguna Araceli C. Corpuz University of Perpetual Help System Laguna

Abstract: Nobody can predict when a disaster will exactly occur. Disasters can strike without warning and everyone must be prepared as disasters can happen anywhere – at home, at the workplace or at school. Disaster plans should be in place to at least lessen the impact of disasters on peoples’ lives especially. This descriptive-correlation study involved 30 schools in Biñan City, Laguna. Majority were public schools, with land area of less than one hectare and will evacuate approximately 500 people in case of a disaster. The schools have very high level of implementation of disaster risk management practices for earthquakes, high level of implementation of disaster risk management practices for fires and floods, and high level of readiness for disasters. Schools with land area of one hectare and above had higher level of implementation of disaster risk management practices for earthquakes. Private schools and those with land area of 1-2 hectares have higher level of implementation of disaster risk management practices for fires. Private schools have higher level of implementation of disaster risk management practices for floods and have higher level of readiness for disasters than public schools. The higher is the schools’ level of implementation of disaster risk management practices, the higher is their level of readiness for disasters. Disaster risk reduction management councils can use the findings as basis for policies to make all stakeholders ready for disasters.

Keywords: disaster risk management, disaster risk management practices, readiness for disaster

252 6th international scholars’ conference 253 Arts And Humanities

Michael Sagario Naidas ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MICHAEL SAGARIO NAIDAS HOLDS A PHD IN LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY-MANILA. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE CULTURAL, DIASPORA AND POSTCOLONIAL STUDIES. CURRENTLY, HE CHAIRS THE LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

A Postcolonial Reading of Merlinda Bobis’ Fish Hair Woman Michael Sagario Naidas Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The paper attempted to uncover the postcolonial underpinnings of Merlinda Bobis’Fish Hair Woman (2012) using Ashcroft, Griffith, and Tiffin’s The Empire Writes Back (1989) by considering the novel’s characterization, narrative technique, and significations. Phenomenological type of research was employed particularly the descriptive-analytical approach in interpreting the novel under study. After careful evaluation and analysis of the novel, the study found out that the novel may be read and analyzed using postcolonial lenses as mirrored by the novel’s characterization, narrative technique, and signification. Further, the study recommends that the novel be further evaluated using diaspora and cultural lenses and that other diaspora novel written by Filipinos be read using postcolonial perspectives.

Keywords: diaspora, postcolonial, postcolonialism, literary criticism, narrative technique, characterization, signification

252 6th international scholars’ conference 253 Josephine Katenga ASIA PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

DR. JOSEPHINE KATENGA IS TEACHING GRADUATE COURSES IN THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND PSYCHOLOGY AT ASIA PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY IN THAILAND. HER PHD IS IN CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION. DR. KATENGA WAS AN ADJUNCT TEACHER IN THE DEPARTMENT OF TEACHING, LEARNING AND CURRICULUM AT ANDREWS UNIVERSITY.

One Purpose, Multiple Realities: Parental Involvement in Two Private Secondary Schools in Malawi Josephine E. Katenga Asia Pacific International University

Abstract: Parental Involvement has been associated with better academic achievement. However, some studies indicate that parental involvement diminishes during adolescence. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive multisite case study was three-fold: (a) to explore the nature of Parental Involvement in children’s education at the secondary level; (b) to determine types of involvement; and (c) to examine parents’ and educators’ attitudes towards Parental Involvement in private schools in Malawi. The 90 participants comprised of six administrators, 19 teachers and 62 parents. Grounded theory, an inductive methodology that uses constant comparative data analysis process was used to make generalizations and discover emergent themes from the data. The cross-case analysis portrayed a package of contrasting ideologies held by proprietors, educators and parents which formed the bedrock of the type of partnership that existed between parents and educators. These ideological influences resulted in the formation of perspectives and attitudes, which in turn translated into the schools’ practices and participants’ actions. Based on the findings, recommendations were developed with the intention of improving Parental Involvement in the two Malawian private secondary schools.

Keywords: parental involvement, academic conversation, alliance, alienation, proprietors

254 6th international scholars’ conference 255 Arts And Humanities

Ann Galeon Anolin ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

ANN GALEON ANOLIN IS THE CURRENT CHAIR OF THE TRADIGITAL FINE ARTS DEPARTMENT OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE EARNED HER BACHELOR IN FINE ARTS DEGREE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS, AND HER MFA MAJOR IN ART AND DESIGN DEGREE, FROM PHILIPPINE WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY.

Reuben A. Pagaduan ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

REUBEN ABAYA PAGADUAN IS A FINE ARTS GRADUATE FROM THE . HE CHAIRED THE TRADIGITAL FINE ARTS DEPARTMENT OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES FOR TWO DECADES. HE IS NOW A PHILIPPINE REPRESENTATIVE FOR GLOBAL ARTISTS CREATIVE COLLABORATION EMPOWERMENT USA (GACCE).

Using Semiotics in the Analysis of Mixed Media Art Ann Galeon Anolin and Reuben A. Pagaduan Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Semiotics in visual art communication takes the form of words, sound, scents, flavors, actions, situations, emotions. Through signs and symbols, visual artists communicate their message to their audience. This art based study explored the artists’ and viewers’ perspectives. The artists, on how they use signs and symbols in mixed media artworks to communicate their message effectively. Using Jakobson’s (1960) theory of encoding, the artist as the addresser; the artist’s artworks with images/symbols the signifier and its concept as the message, and the decoding by addressee as the viewer. Data were gathered through interviews with a selected male artist and selected audience to analyze the artist’s paintings, and interpret meanings from what they see. The findings implied that the artist as author can effectively use his visual rhetoric through signifiers in his work without relinquishing his creative ideas and expressions, engaging and empowering his viewers to interpret his message accordingly.

Keywords: semiotics, visual art, communication, design literacy

254 6th international scholars’ conference 255 Anne Lou M. Hendriks UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

ANNE LOU M. HENDRIKS IS A PHD CANDIDATE IN THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT AT THE ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES IN SILANG, CAVITE, PHILIPPINES. CURRENTLY, SHE IS A LECTURER AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HER RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE TEACHING STRATEGIES AND CURRICULUM AND MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT.

Songs and Spiritual Life: A Phenomenological Study Anne Lou M. Hendriks Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: The influence of songs in English language learning is substantiated in many studies. Songs are considered to be influential not only to learners’ language skills but also to their character. However, though the aforementioned relationships are widely studied, little is known about the relationship between song and its role to learners’ spiritual life. This phenomenological study among 28 participants revealed the kind of songs that can contribute to the spiritual life of the learners. It highlights pedagogical insights of an instructional strategy for integrating faith into learning.

Keywords: songs, spiritual life, phenomenological study, Indonesia

256 6th international scholars’ conference 257 Arts And Humanities

Nerilyn R. Beratio ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

NERILYN R. BERATIO IS A LICENSED PROFESSIONAL TEACHER WHO IS CURRENTLY TEACHING AT THE MUSIC DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

KhristineADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE Ruth PHILIPPINES F. De Gracia

KHRISTINE RUTH F. DE GRACIA IS A FACULTY OF THE MUSIC DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Managing Loneliness through Music Frances Dominique Alvarez, Mahalva Lou Ruiz-Torres, Verona Eloisa Ramada, Neri- lyn Beratio, Khristine Ruth F. De Gracia and Jewel Solidum Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Loneliness affects those who live alone, or even those who live with other people. While the feeling of loneliness can normally happen, it becomes“chronic” when it persists over a long time and many people experience it. Music is believed to heal social, emotional, cognitive, physical and spiritual sickness. Since ancient times, several philosophers and researchers studied therapeutic use of music to the emotions. Most of the studies mentioned about music and depression. However, there are only few studies which deal with managing loneliness through the use of music in the Philippine setting. This phenomenological study answered two research questions: a) “How does music influence the emotion and mental condition of a lonely individual? and b) What kind of music do the participants listen to when they are lonely?” For this study, five Filipino adults who experienced loneliness in a Christian university were purposively selected. Data were collected through an interview. The interviews were voice recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically. Findings show that music helps the participants concentrate and helps them manage loneliness by listening to their preferred music. The participants listen to secular music such as love songs, classical music and spiritual music. These songs generally have good meanings or message despite its style. Based on the shared experiences given, music influences the mental and emotional condition by serving as enlightenment, comfort, relief, consolation, and an uplifting instrument in times of sadness or loneliness. It was also found out that music cannot really influence someone when the mind is not conditioned to positivity and for not having a deep relationship to God. This implies that music has a big impact in how Christians think, feel, and react to sad situations. It is recommended that this research study can be conducted in a large number of participants using quantitative approach, and have further study about the effect of music to a person with depression.

Keywords: loneliness, managing, music

256 6th international scholars’ conference 257 Mangadar Simbolon ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA

MR. MANGADAR SIMBOLON IS A MASTER OF ARTS HOLDER FROM FACULTY OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA, YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA. CURRENTLY, HE IS A LECTURER AT FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA, BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE IN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PSYCHOLOGY.

Female Students Girl Dormitory Satisfaction Assessment of Universitas Advent Indonesia (UNAI) 2017-2018 Yane Restuwati Walukouw and Mangadar Simbolon Adventist University of Indonesia

Abstract: Dormitory satisfaction of a university is one of the most significant aspects in the sustainability of a higher education. This study aimed to assess the implementation of dormitory policies and Adventist Education Philosophies on Dormitory satisfaction of female students in school year of 2017-2018. A quantitative survey was conducted to measure some hypotheses through a self- structured questionnaire. A total of 228 respondents were involved in this survey. Convenience purposive sampling was used on this study. SPPSS technique was applied to process the data. The empirical results provided a strong support for the existence and sustainability of Adventist University of Indonesia (UNAI).

Keywords: dormitory, satisfaction, dormitory satisfaction assessment

258 6th international scholars’ conference 259 Arts And Humanities

Lowena De Ocampo ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

LOWENA DE OCAMPO IS THE CHAIR OF THE OFFICE ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Workplace Bullying and Stress among Office Professionals Matt Lester G. Magro, Don Benson P. Valdez, Carmi Anelie V. Musa, Joe Marie D. Ferrera, Lowena G. De Ocampo Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Workplace bullying has been identified as one of the major contemporary challenges for occupational health and safety and linked to other emerging risks such as work-related stress. This study aimed to determine the extent of workplace bullying and stress among office professionals of selected companies and institutions in Silang, Cavite and Sta. Rosa, Laguna. The study was conducted among 102 office professionals using convenience sampling. This correlation study on workplace bullying and stress were measured using a validated questionnaire adapted from Tabang (2017) and Gumarao (2011), respectively. The results revealed that the overall workplace bullying was perceived to be very low in terms of verbal, nonverbal, psychological, and physical. The stress level of the office professional was also perceived as low. The correlation analysis revealed that verbal bullying (p=.010), nonverbal bullying (p=.000), psychological bullying (p=.005), and physical bullying (p=.005) were significantly associated with stress. Further results revealed that stress level is significant considering the demographic profile (age, gender, marital status, educational attainment, length of service, and religion). However, emotional stress significantly differs by age but not on the other types of stress. Recommendations were made to address the issues of bullying and stress in the workplace.

Keywords: workplace bullying, stress, office professionals

258 6th international scholars’ conference 259 Nimrod S. Salazar ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. NIMROD SALAZAR IS AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF THE COLLEGE OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES WHERE HE ALSO COMPLETED HIS MASTER’S DEGREE IN EDUCATION AND FINISHED HIS DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN EDUCATION MAJOR IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION. EMBRACING THE CORE VALUES OF CHRISTIAN EDUCATION, DR. SALAZAR’S RESEARCH INTEREST FOCUSES ON ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, SCHOOL GOVERNANCE AND BOARD DEVELOPMENT.

Board Competency and Governance Responsibilities of Selected Higher Education Institutions: Basis for Board Development Program Nimrod S. Salazar Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The purpose of this correlational study was to investigate the board competency and governance responsibilities practices of selected higher education institutions in Southern Asia-Pacific territory and to determine their relationship to governance responsibility performance. The study used purposive sampling with questionnaire and a supplementary interview to gather the data from 115 respondents composed of board officers, board members, and school representatives. The empirical evidence has shown the positive relationship of six competency factors, namely: strategic, contextual, analytical, political, educational, and interpersonal to governance responsibilities such as: fiduciary, strategic, and generative. The board competency factors were appropriate variables to measure governance responsibility performance. Two consistent variables of educational and strategic competencies emerged as strong predictors to influence governance responsibilities. It was implied that the school and board leadership should commit to a strategy to educate the board and to consciously create opportunities for trustee education. Seven relevant themes emerged from the interview that served as guidelines to enhance board competency and governance responsibilities namely, orientation, competency qualification requirement, strategic planning, board education, evaluation of the president, generative leadership, and board evaluation. The diversity of gender and position of members in the board revealed a significant difference towards board function where male and female board members played an important role in governance responsibility. The intervention of the demographic variables showed a significant challenge to SDA board of trustees to improve the representation of gender in the trusteeship and to empower those members in key positions for the advantage of the school. Consequently, a recommended guideline for the development program was proposed to enhance board competency and governance responsibility performance.

Keywords: board competency, governance responsibilities, board development program 260 6th international scholars’ conference 261 Education

Alma D. Ochoco CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY

Motivational Antecedents Influencing Seventh-Day Day Adventist Teachers in Public Schools to Implement Integration of Faith and Learning (IFL) in Learner- Centered Teaching Alma D. Ochoco Cavite State University

Abstract: While it holds true for most Seventh-day Adventist teachers in the denominational institutions to actively implement instructional policies on Integration of Faith and Learning (IFL) teaching in all academic subjects, the experience of IFL in teaching among Seventh-day Adventist teachers in public schools conversely reflects a different scenario. Given their school contexts, it becomes inevitable for them to forego commitment to IFL teaching even if this had been strongly ingrained during their pre-service trainings and consistently reminded to bring the gospel message inside their classrooms. With this premise, this study was conceptualized to explore motivational antecedents for IFL inclusion in classroom teaching, which can provide complementary support to Seventh-day Adventist teachers in public schools to rekindle their commitment and calling to bring the gospel message to their students. What this paper significantly offers the existing body of literature covers a proposed 5-factor motivation model, which includes the following themes: a) spiritual growth; b) professional development; c) school climate; d) positive feedback; and e) availability of time. Results yielded provided substantial recommendations useful in teaching and learning processes, governance, and pre-service training.

Keywords: motivational antecedents, school climate, spiritual growth, positive feedback, professional development, time availability, integration of faith and learning

260 6th international scholars’ conference 261 Reymand Hutabarat ASIA PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MR. REYMAND HUTABARAT. IS A DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY FROM ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES IN SILANG, PHILIPPINES. HE IS THE FORMER PRESIDENT AT UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA AND CURRENTLY A LECTURER AT MASTER IN MINISTRY PROGRAM IN THE SAME UNIVERSITY.

Factor Analysis of Student’s Satisfaction on Academic Courses of Southern Asia Pacific Division Higher Education Institutions Reymand Hutabarat1, Franklin Hutabarat2 and Francis Hutabarat2 1Asia Pacific International University, Thailand 2Universitas Advent Indonesia, Indonesia

Abstract: This study aimed to identify factors affecting student satisfaction in the Southern Asia Pacific Division Higher Education Institutions. Understanding these factors could help leaders in educational institutions to better plan their strategies and further research on student satisfaction. A set of questionnaire was developed and distributed to students at two higher education institution (HEI) institutions in Southern Asia Pacific Division Higher Education Institution namely, Asia Pacific International University (AIU) of Thailand and Universitas Advent Indonesia (UNAI) of Indonesia. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the underlying dimensions that drive student satisfaction. Factor analysis pertains to analysis on dimensions of academic courses. The results showed that KMO value is 0.590 which is > 0.5; hence, the sample size is adequate for the analysis. On the other hand, the communalities of all the variables are more than .4; therefore, all the variables are useful in the model. The results showed that factors in the analysis of student satisfaction on academic courses at AIU and UNAI are that the courses helped them in: problem solving skills, work as a team member, communication skills, planning ability development, systematic content, and valuable course.

Keywords: satisfaction, factor analysis, Higher Education Institution

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Sheryll Ann M. Castillo ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

SHERYLL ANN M. CASTILLO, PHD., RGC., LPT STUDIED AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES AND FINISHED BS BIOLOGY IN 2000, MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATION MAJOR IN GUIDANCE AND PSYCHOLOGY IN 2003, AND PHD IN PSYCHOLOGY MAJOR IN SCHOOL COUNSELING IN 2017. CURRENTLY, SHE SERVES AS A GUIDANCE COUNSELOR IN THE SAME UNIVERSITY.

Personal and School Factors, and the Mediating Role of School Engagement as Determinants of Student Leadership Skill: A Structural Equation Model Sheryll Ann M. Castillo Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Leadership is an important 21st Century skill, and it is imperative that schools develop responsible and authentic student leaders primarily to equip them for future employment. However, school programs that aimed to develop leadership capacities are short-term, and often benefit students already elected as organization officers. Using structural equation modeling procedures, this study explored inherent personal and school factors, and the mediating role of school engagement in developing leadership skill. The main objective of this analysis was to come up with a student-leadership development model beneficial to all students. A total of 881 grades 9 and 10 students selected through probability and non-probability sampling techniques in schools in the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, and Pakistan comprised the total sample of the study. The result showed that among personal and school factors, self- efficacy, sense of well-being, and school climate had direct and indirect effects to leadership skills indicating a partial mediation. With this, school climate had the largest total effect which suggests that a positive school climate is the strongest predictor of leadership development among students. Moreover, teacher quality achieved a full mediation to leadership skill which implies that in producing leaders, the role of the teacher is to ensure that students are engaged in school. The theoretical and practical implications of the result are further discussed in the study.

Keywords: self-efficacy, sense of well-being, school climate, school engagement, teacher quality, student leadership, 21st Century Skill

262 6th international scholars’ conference 263 Leonardo B. Dorado ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. LEONARDO B. DORADO SERVED IN DIFFERENT CAPACITIES AS VICE PRESIDENT FOR ACADEMIC AFFAIRS, EDUCATIONAL CONSULTANT, RESEARCH DIRECTOR, DEAN, DEPARTMENT HEAD, CHURCH PASTOR AND ACADEMY PRINCIPAL AMONG HIS EXPERIENCE BEFORE ACCEPTING THE CALL TO WORK AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN 2015. HE IS CURRENTLY THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE GRADUATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF AUP, CENTER FOR GRADUATE STUDIES.

Industry Required Competencies as Predictors of Graduates’ Employability Leonardo B. Dorado Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This study primarily focused on understanding the required competencies of the industry for our graduates and the factors that predict employability of graduates. It answered the following objectives: a) determine the competencies required by companies in hiring new graduate students and graduates with one-year experience; b) find out difference in competencies that predict employability of graduates when new and one year graduates were compared. This research utilized descriptive methods and used purposive sampling in the selections of 32 participants who are supervisors and human resource managers that were responsible for hiring and selection of employees within the CALABARZON area (Region IV-A). The study utilized CHED Memorandum Order No. 20, series of 2015 (CMO) and Graduate Employability Indicators (GEI) Employers Survey by the Australia Learning and Teaching Council as the basis in the development of questionnaire. The participants answered the validated survey questionnaire to generate the findings of this study. The data gathered were tallied and interpreted through a statistical tool and utilized mean score, t test and Pearson r. The findings showed that employers expect new graduates to must have competencies such as: computing professionalism & ethics; communication; and individual and team work; work attitude; and work spirit. While competencies that predict employability of graduates are working quality; working attitude; working spirit; and working efficiency. The study implied the necessity to look at the alignment of curriculum that would produce competencies among graduates. It is recommended to increase the number of participants and involve more stakeholders in the enhancement of the curriculum.

Keywords: employability skills, graduates, employability, job qualification, information technology

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Marvin Nonoy B. Campit NORTHERN LUZON ADVENTIST COLLEGE

A LOCAL OF MONCADA, TARLAC, MARVIN NONOY B. CAMPIT IS CURRENTLY THE ALUMNI COORDINATOR, PUBLIC RELATION OFFICER, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR FOR BOTH UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE STUDIES, DEAN OF THE SCHOOL OF TEACHER EDUCATION AND GRADUATE PROGRAM COORDINATOR AT THE NORTHERN LUZON ADVENTIST COLLEGE. HE HAD BEEN THE DIRECTOR FOR RESEARCH AND EXTENSION SERVICES AND DEVELOPMENT AND PHILANTHROPIC SERVICES.

Leadership and Personality Correlates of School Head Performance in the Seventh-day Adventist Church Northern Luzon Mission Marvin Nonoy B. Campit Northern Luzon Adventist College

Abstract: Nusche and Moorman (2008) postulated that school leadership is now an education policy priority around the world. Concerns such as clear cut guidelines or standard framework for performance, qualifications and preparations are consideration that needs to be rationalized and institutionalized. Anchored on Fiedler’s Contingency theory, the study critically analyzed the association of leadership style and personality types to the performance of 41 basic education school heads of SDA-NLM in the Philippines in an attempt to improve educational outcomes. Descriptive correlational method was used aided with three sets of questionnaires in leadership, personality and performance. Data on leadership and personality correlated to the performance of school heads. Participative leadership style manifested. Personality types fall under extroverted, sensing, thinking and judging (ESTJ). Autocratic leadership style correlates to school heads performance. Personality type of thinking and feeling correlates to performance. Leadership correlates to school heads performance. Autocratic style, sensing and judging for personality type serves as the predictive model for high performance. Premised on the result, the Performance Development Framework was offered to accomplish the needed leadership growth. Differences on leadership style and personality types on selected variables can be considered for further inquiry. Spiral model of leadership emerged as a result of the study.

Keywords: leadership, personality, performance, school heads

264 6th international scholars’ conference 265 Gracel Ann S. Saban ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. GRACEL ANN S. SABAN IS DEAN AND PROFESSOR OF THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN SILANG, CAVITE, PHILIPPINES. HER EXTENSIVE EXPOSURE TO RESEARCH AND SCHOLARSHIP INFORMS HER PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES. AS A TEACHER TRAINER, SHE ENDEAVORS TO EMPOWER LEARNERS THROUGH INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING AND CONSTRUCTIVISM. HER RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE LANGUAGE PEDAGOGY, EFFECTIVE TEACHING, AND CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION, AMONG OTHERS.

Best Practices of a High-Achieving Teacher Education Institute in Asia Gracel Ann S. Saban Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: “Best Practices” are anchored on solid learning principles. Scholars and accrediting agencies have put these “practices” at the core of various professional programs (MacCallum & Ross, 2010). This qualitative study aimed to identify the best practices of a high-achieving teacher education institute in Asia. This premiere institution is considered high-achieving due to its standing in the World University Rankings in recent years. Piaget’s theory of Constructivist learning has had wide ranging impact on learning theories and teaching methods in education and is an underlying theme of many education reform movements. An appreciative inquiry research design was employed to draw out the best practices of the high-achieving teacher education institute. Data were gathered through one-on-one in-depth interviews with 10 participants: five faculties, three students, and two alumni. Interview data were transcribed and analyzed using Seidel’s Qualitative Data Analysis Model of noticing, sorting, and classifying. Findings show that the best practices include empowerment of the teaching profession, implementation of a balanced program, contextualization and diversity of practice, application of a highly constructivist pedagogy, and openness to multiple perspectives.These findings imply the importance of quality teacher preparation through instructional quality, service learning, and overseas exposure. It is therefore recommended that Teacher Education Institutions consider holistic training of pre-service teachers that includes not only equipping the academic realm but also the spirit and service facets.

Keywords: best practices, constructivist pedagogy, high-achieving, teacher education institute

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Ranjith Kingston Gladstone ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

RANJITH KINGSTON GLADSTONE, AN INDIAN, IS PRESENTLY A PHD CANDIDATE IN C&I FROM ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES. HE IS MARRIED TO CAROL LINDA KINGSTON, AN INDIAN WHO IS ALSO A PHD STUDENT IN ED AD AT AIIAS. THEY WERE BLESSED WITH A SON, CARL JASON KINGSTON. RANJITH KINGSTON GLADSTONE’S RESEARCH INTERESTS ARE IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY SPECIFICALLY IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS, SOCIAL SCIENCES, INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY, AND TRANSFORMATIVE LEARNING.

Synergy of United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of Education and Transformative Learning: Theory to Action Ranjith Kingston Gladstone Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: The 21st century for United Nations (UN) began with Millennium Development Goals (MGGs) from 2001-2015 and is being continued with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs are a collection of 17 global goals set by the UN. Goal 4 states: “Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.” This goal has several key areas such as inclusive education, equitable education, quality education, lifelong learning, and education for all. On the other hand, Transformative Learning (TL) emphasizes on learning through meaning transformation which means that the learners can transform an individual meaning scheme by examining previous actions. This is completely learning for a lifetime, which lasts till the meaning changes. Both the SDG 4 and TL acts on lifelong learning, the underlying fact is for peaceful world through betterment of the educated society. Though the ideas of both the concepts converge, the synergy needs to be identified. This study is a theoretical study that has identified the synergy of SDG 4 and TL in the premise of philosophy, values, beliefs and action. This study presented argument both in favor of and against from the origin of these concepts.

Keywords: transformative learning, sustainable development goal, theoretical analysis, synergy

266 6th international scholars’ conference 267 Elmie Lynn Villagomez Lagajino ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. ELMIE LYNN VILLAGOMEZ LAGAJINO IS A FULL-PLEDGED AUPIAN. SHE STARTED HER ELEMENTARY DAYS IN AUP (PUC THEN) UNTIL SHE GOT HER PH. D IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION LAST MAY 2018. SHE SERVED AS THE PRINCIPAL OF PACIFIC VIEW ACADEMY IN 2005-2006; CHAIR, SECONDARY EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, AUP COE IN 2006-2007; AND PRINCIPAL OF AUP ACADEMY IN 2007-2013. FOR FIVE YEARS NOW, SHE IS THE THESIS EDITOR FOR COE (GRADUATE AND UNDERGRADUATE) AND A FULLTIME TEACHER IN HER ALMA MATER.

Discrepancy Evaluation of Track Choices and School Resources for Senior High School Curriculum Enhancement Elmie Lynn V. Lagajino, Jolly S. Balila, Gracel Ann S. Saban, Leonardo B. Dorado, Ruth P. Javien, Vicky C. Mergal Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Evaluated in the study, using the discrepancy evaluation model (DEM) were students’ track choices, and school resources for the Senior High School (SHS) program of selected Philippine Adventist denominational schools. The Department of Education (DepEd) and Adventist denominational goals and standards aligned with 21st century skills were the basis for the discrepancies. Purposive sampling was employed wherein 668 students, 102 teachers and 17 high school principals from 20 schools participated. The results revealed Very High discrepancy above the standard in the choice of the academic track; and High on Technical-Vocational, livelihood (TVL), Sports, and Arts-Design tracks. Among the academic strands, Moderate discrepancy above the standard was found in the choice of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) while the Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM), General Academic Strand (GAS) and Humanities and Social Science (HUMMS) had a rating of Low, Moderate and Moderate, respectively. Discrepancies on Senior High School (SHS) program design, installation, process, and perceived cost imbedded in the evaluation of the school resources were found. The study recommends that Adventist senior high schools maintain programs for variables with Very High (above the standard) to Low discrepancies, and apply enhancement programs for variables with Moderate to Very High discrepancies. Furthermore, strong recommendations emphasized that schools collaborate with each other not to compete for students but to refer them to the schools that offer their track or strand choices and to integrate AY/Pathfinder modules into course outlines and classroom teaching as enhancement for a distinctly Adventist SHS curriculum.

Keywords: Discrepancy Evaluation (DEM), track choices, school resources, academic track, core subjects

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Ivy M. Tarun ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

IVY M. TARUN IS A GRADUATE OF BS COMPUTER ENGINEERING (2000) FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF SAINT LOUIS, TUGUEGARAO CITY; HER MASTER’S DEGREE IN IT (2004) AT THE UNIVERSITY OF LA SALETTE, SANTIAGO CITY; AND HER DOCTOR IN IT WAS AWARDED WITH HIGHEST DISTINCTION BY THE TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES, QUEZON CITY IN (2015). SHE IS CURRENTLY AN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AT ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY AND THE DEAN OF THE COLLEGE OF COMPUTING STUDIES, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY. SHE HAS AUTHORED BOOKS THAT ARE BEING CIRCULATED THROUGHOUT THE PHILIPPINES.

Effectiveness of Flipboard as an Online Collaboration Tool for Teaching and Learning Ivy M. Tarun Isabela State University, Cabagan, Isabela

Abstract: This study assessed the effectiveness of Flipboard. Specifically, it described the demographic profile of the students; identified the perceived effectiveness of Flipboard; and identified the effectiveness of the Flipboard using Application Performance Index, Error Rate and Completion Rate. The study employed a descriptive research design where questionnaire-based and metrics-based approaches were used to address the study objectives. Students from the BSIT, BSCS and BSCpE were purposively selected as samples. Data gathered were analyzed using Frequency, weighted mean and ANOVA. Under this study, students are predominantly in BSIT program who are minor adult, female, owns smartphone, and have no personal computer and Internet access at home but with experience in using online collaboration tools. The students generally perceived that Flipboard is very effective as tool for collaboration, teaching and learning. On the other hand, Flipboard’s performance is poor based from Application Performance Index, but has good completion rate and least acceptable error rate. It is recommended that faculty members may integrate the use of Flipboard in classrooms as students generally find it very effective for collaboration, teaching and learning. Flipboard should be further enhanced by addressing errors to meet user satisfaction, and its effectiveness should be further evaluated using experimental approach.

Keywords: Flipboard, online collaborative tool, Application Performance Index

268 6th international scholars’ conference 269 Yunus Elon UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

Choir Members Versus Non-Choir Members: A Comparative Study of their Academic Achievement Yunus Elon and Evelin Malinti Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Music can improve academic achievement. College students who become members of the choir have the challenge of dividing time for studying and practicing singing. This study aimed to investigate the academic achievement of students who actively participated in singing groups and who did not participate in any singing group. This study used secondary data from a total of 138 second and third year students. The respondents of this study were randomly chosen based on students’ ID number. Grading Point Average (GPA) of each student was taken from Biro Academic Affair. The result showed that the students who were choir members have an average GPA= 3.4, and the group of student who were not choir members have an average GPA=3.16. Independent t-test result showed that there was a significant difference (p < .05) in academic achievement between the two groups. Activeparticipation in singing groups has a good impact on academic achievement.

Keywords: choir, music, GPA

270 6th international scholars’ conference 271 Education

Ardelma V. Sarmiento ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

ARDELMA VILLARIAS-SARMIENTO, LPT, MA, HAS BEEN AN EFFICIENT MENTOR IN THE LAST THREE DECADES AS AN EDUCATOR. FINISHING HER MASTER’S DEGREE IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, HER HEART FOUND ITS WAY HOME TO THE PHILIPPINES TO REVITALIZE HER INNATE GOAL OF SERVING THROUGH DEPICTING POSITIVE INFLUENCE TO HER STUDENTS, COLLEAGUES, AND PEOPLE IN THE COMMUNITY. CURRENTLY ON HER 5TH YEAR AS AUP ACADEMY PRINCIPAL, SHE HAS BEEN A DYNAMIC SPEAKER TO BOTH ACADEMIC AND SOCIO-RELIGIOUS EVENTS, AND ALWAYS FINDS JOY IN RESEARCH ENGAGEMENTS.

Students’ Experience During their Stay at the University Academy: Result from the Exit Survey Ardelma V. Sarmiento, Jolly S. Balila, and Mercedes M. Ibañez Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Effective monitoring and evaluation is deemed necessary to determine whether the school is delivering to the desired results and improve planning and its operations. Thus, this quantitative study aimed to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a University Academy (UA) operation. Utilizing an exit survey instrument, data were taken from randomly sampled 100 UA alumni from 2016 and earlier. Results from the descriptive analysis showed that respondents had a very good academic learning experiences, students- faculty interaction and extra and co-curricular activities. Respondents were very satisfied with the administrative and academic support services. Further, it was found that the overall perception was very high, indicating that they had gained a lot from the UA and had quality relationship with the administration, fellow students, faculty and staff. It was also revealed that their relationship with God became stronger. Forty-six percent (46%) strongly recommended the school to friends and relatives. Among the total number of respondents, only 20% had encountered difficult problems at the school, specifically in fulfilling class requirements, participating in class activities and managing time. A difference was evident in the approach students take in learning. Thus, it was recommended that students be given opportunities to engage in self-directed learning activities and lessons be directed towards students’ holistic growth.

Keywords: students’ experience, University Academy, exit survey

270 6th international scholars’ conference 271 Carol Linda Kingston ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

BORN IN SHILLONG, INDIA, CAROL LINDA KINGSTON HAS EXPERIENCED TEACHING FROM ELEMENTARY TO GRADUATE SCHOOL FOR A DECADE IN THE FIELD OF ENGLISH. SHE COMPLETED HER MASTER’S DEGREES IN EDUCATION, ENGLISH, PSYCHOTHERAPY AND COUNSELING, AND ECONOMICS. PRESENTLY, SHE IS A DOCTORAL STUDENT AT ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES WITH EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND TESOL AS EMPHASIS. HER RESEARCH INTEREST IS IN THE PROBLEMS AND TRENDS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING AND LINGUISTICS.

Second Language Acquisition Research Findings from Theory to Practice Carol Linda Kingston Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, Philippines

Abstract: Effective Instructional practices can provide students the support in learning the language. Bridging the gap between theory and practice in language teaching has been a compelling and strenuous task; and how do the language teachers go about closing the gap? To answer this question, this study identified the integration of instructional practices of the language to second language learners from theory to practice as essential. Behavioral Learning Theory (Brown, 1994; Gass & Selinker, 1994; Skinner, 1957) and Self- Determination Theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000) contribute to learning the language. Teaching the breadth and depth of vocabulary, building reading comprehension and writing skills with certain strategies and providing language using models and integration of all the skills can aid to the teaching and learning of the targeted language (Cobb, 2004 & Cohen, 2010; Freeman& Freeman, 2009; Sherris, 2008). This theoretical paper further explored the advantages and disadvantages of pedagogical practices and theories as well as the action plan for the language. In addition, this paper demonstrated the research findings for practical applications with regard to selection of appropriate materials for teaching and teachers getting engaged and motivated in the teaching materials.

Keywords: pedagogical practices, Second Language Learners, learning strategies, empowering learners, action plan

272 6th international scholars’ conference 273 Education

Albinur Limbong UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

ALBINUR LIMBONG IS A PHD HOLDER FROM MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA. CURRENTLY, HE IS THE VICE PRESIDENT OF ACADEMIC AFFAIRS AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA. HIS EXPERTISE INCLUDES MATERIALS PHYSICS, SOLID STATE PHYSICS, AND MATERIALS SCIENCE.

The Correlation between Talent and Academic Achievement of Universitas Advent Indonesia Students Batch 2016 Albinur Limbong and Horasdia Saragih Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare students’ academic performance between those justified as talented or not talented in the study program that they chose. The population of the study was the new students of batch 2016. However, not all students join the talent test, only 384. The talent test was conducted by a professional talent test institution, while the academic achievement was based on the average GPA for the first and second semesters. The talent test result is classified into three parts, namely recommended, doubted, and not recommended. Based on the talent test, there were 365 candidate students recommended to take the study programs that they chose, 17 of those were doubted and only 2 of those were not recommended. Based on the talent test, the students were asked to determine their choice before taking any courses. Most of the students chose the program for the first time, some students changed their mind and moved to another study program within UNAI, and only few students changed their mind and did not enroll in UNAI at all. The study showed that the correlation coefficient between the talent test result and the academic result was low, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.125. Based on the ANOVA test, it was found that there is a difference in the academic achievement between students who were recommended, doubted or not recommended to take the courses that they chose. If the talent does not significantly correlate with the achievement, then it is interesting to study in future what other significant factors, besides the talent, that influence the academic achievement.

Keywords: talent, academic achievement

272 6th international scholars’ conference 273 Cecilia F. Ronia ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES CECILIA F. RONIA HAS BEEN SERVING ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES AS A KINDERGARTEN TEACHER FOR 13 YEARS NOW. SHE IS AN ADVOCATE OF THE PLAY-BASED KINDERGARTEN PROGRAM. SHE IS PURSUING HER PHD IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT AT AUP CENTER FOR GRADUATE STUDIES. SHE IS A MOTHER TO GIO AND CRAYON, AND A WIFE TO GEDION.

Marieta B. Pagaduan ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES MARIETA B. PAGADUAN EARNED HER DEGREE IN MASTERS OF ARTS IN EDUCATION WITH EMPHASIS IN CHILD STUDY AT PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY IN 2004. SHE WAS A PRESCHOOL TEACHER IN ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES WHERE SHE IS CURRENTLY SERVING AS PROGRAM COORDINATOR OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND AT THE SAME TIME TEACHING MAJOR COURSES IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION IN THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION. SHE HAS ATTENDED CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS AND PRESENTED PAPER IN NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL FORUMS.

Children’s Learning Through Play: Perspectives and Practices of Public School Early Childhood Educators Jeviel Diaz, Myrtle Magalang, Joanne Villafuerte, Cecilia Ronia and Marieta Pagaduan Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Play serves as the source of learning and knowledge to children in an early age. Piaget’s cognitive theory supports that different exploration capacities develop and progress as children mature through their play experiences. However, different perspectives arise from this theory due to the greater demand for academics than play. Thus, this phenomenological study explored the perspectives and practices of public early childhood educators on play. Five public school early childhood educators with 2-10 years of kindergarten teaching experiences were the participants. Findings showed that public school educators describe play as a means of learning, enjoyment, exploration and motivation. The participants demonstrated full knowledge on the benefits of play to the development of the physical, mental and emotional aspects which are necessary for learning. However, it was found out that participants were challenged to practice and utilize play as a means of teaching and learning due to the limited provision of learning materials, classroom spaces and the large number of pupils including parent’s expectations. This study showed that educators’ role is to practice knowledge and play an active role in utilizing and advocating play as an effective strategy in teaching and learning.

Keywords: learning though play, perspective, practices, play experiences, early childhood educators

274 6th international scholars’ conference 275 Education

Romulo Sinabutar UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

DR. ROMULO SINABUTAR WAS BORN IN SIDIKALANG ON 27 NOVEMBER 1956. HE GOT HIS BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION FROM UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, MANADO. HE CONTINUED HIS EDUCATION AT PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, MANILA AND COMPLETED HIS MBA IN 2001. HE CONTINUED HIS EDUCATION AT PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, MANILA AND COMPLETED HIS PH. D IN DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION IN 2003. HE HAS BEEN WORKING FOR ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA SINCE 2003 AS A LEKTOR.

Influence of Parent’s Role, Teacher Commitments and Community Involvement to Character Building During Early Childhood of Adventist Kindergartens in Jakarta Conference Romulo Sinabutar, Goksan Romauli Simorangkir and Meei Sabandar Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: The aims of this research are to find out how the role of parents, teachers’ commitment, and community involvement have a partially and simultaneously influence on the character building during early childhood of Adventist Kindergarten in DKI Jakarta Conference. This descriptive correlational study utilized questionnaires to 210 samples. The results of the study are the following: 1) the role of the parents was not significantly related to the character development of kindergarten, 2) teacher commitment was significantly related to the character building of kindergarten, and 3) community involvement is significantly related to the character building during early childhood of the kindergartens. Based on the result, the community involvement has more impact in the development of character among Adventist kindergarten in DKI Jakarta conference.

Keywords: role of parent, Teacher commitment, Community involvement

274 6th international scholars’ conference 275 Elias Rafael L. Decena UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM-BINAN, PHILIPPINES

Motivation, Frequency of Usage and Level of Confidence in using Philippine English among Foreign Students Alma Torres – Jallorina and Elias Rafael L. Decena University of Perpetual Help System-Binan, Philippines

Abstract: The main objective of this descriptive-correlational study was to determine the motivation, frequency of usage and level of confidence in using Philippine English among foreign students. The study found out that the respondents’ motivation in using Philippine English is their wish to speak Philippine English perfectly. The respondents often used Philippine English like the terms comfort room, Xerox, aircon, mineral water and rubber shoes. The respondents’ had high level of confidence in using Philippine English. The respondents’ frequency of usage of Philippine English is not dependent on their motivation in using Philippine English. The respondents’ level of confidence in using Philippine English is not dependent on their motivation in using Philippine English. The respondents’ level of confidence in using Philippine English is not dependent on their frequency of usage of Philippine English. Determining motivation, confidence in using Philippine English may shed light on situating this local variety of World Englishes which has its distinctive structures that are contextually understood in various social contexts of foreign students in the country which promotes pluralistic society and multilingualism.

Keywords: motivation, frequency of usage, level, confidence, Philippine English

276 6th international scholars’ conference 277 Education

Phanommas Bamrungsin MAHAMAKUT BUDDHIST UNIVERSITY, MAHAPAJAPATI BUDDHIST COLLEGE, NAKHON RATCHASIMA

PHANOMMAS BAMRUNGSIN IS A MBC FULLTIME LECTURER AND THE EXCLUSIVE SECRETARY OF THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION. SHE HOLDS BSC. IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH FROM SURANAREE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, THAILAND AND B. ED IN EDUCATION FROM ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, THAILAND.

International Cooperative Education and Career Path Preparation Program for Undergraduate Students Phanommas Bamrungsin Mahamakut Buddhist University, Mahapajapati Buddhist College, Nakhon Ratchasima

Abstract: Internationalization has become a trend in the society and education. Thus, the higher education institutions are required to produce more internationally skillful bachelor’s degree graduates. The International Cooperative Education Program (ICEP) and Career Path (CP) became some of the means to prepare undergraduate students of the international skills. This mixed method research used a five-point Likert scale questionnaire (IOC from 0.50-1.00) for collecting data from 25 participants and structured interview form for collecting data from three key informants of Mahapajabati Buddhist College (MBC) in Thailand. The purposes of this study were to provide the effective approaches of ICEP and CP for MBC and to create students’ future plan of ICEP and CP. The findings showed that the effective approaches of ICEP and CP should be a crucial policy and important mission of MBC graduate production as well as ICEP and CP should be implied continually from the first year of learning until graduating. In addition, five categories, namely, (a) self-actualization approaches (b) future goals setting (c) interested careers (d) interested international workplaces and (e) future necessary skills preparation could be applied as effective means for students’ future plan of ICEP and CP.

Keywords: international cooperative education program, career path, self- actualization, under graduate students

276 6th international scholars’ conference 277 Kitasha Jingru Li ASIA PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

KITASHA JINGRU LI GRADUATED WITH MASTER OF EDUCATION ADMINISTRATION DEGREE AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY IN THAILAND IN 2018. SHE HAS TEACHING EXPERIENCE BOTH IN PUBLIC AND PAROCHIAL INTERNATIONAL SCHOOLS. SHE IS A CHURCH WORKER, MISSIONARY, A TEACHER BY DAY AND A STUDENT BY NIGHT.

Correlation between Students Perceived Creativity and Academic Achievement in International High Schools in Thailand Kitasha Jingru Li Asia Pacific International University

Abstract: This study was designed to investigate the relationship between student’s perceived creativity and academic achievement. Researchers have argued that student’s creative potential are to be achieved academically in the classroom. This quantitative study surveyed 311 students aged 15 to19 years old from three international parochial high schools in Thailand. Students’ perception of their creativity was measured using Dr. Kumar & Dr. Holman’s questionnaire. The cumulative grade point average (CGPA) was the standard used to evaluate their academic achievement. The findings showed that all schools are moderate in relevant skills and process but rather low in the remaining creativity dimensions. The multiple regression analysis showed that the relationship between creativity dimensions and academic achievement is essentially zero, except for self-regulation which suggested that self-regulation could be the most important creativity construct that explains academic achievement. Based on these findings, it is recommended that self-regulation be examined further to see the extent to which it contributes to academic achievement.

Keywords: perceived creativity, academic achievement, self-regulation, motivation.

278 6th international scholars’ conference 279 Education

Oliveth H. Tolentino ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. OLIVETH H. TOLENTINO IS A FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES UNDER THE LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT.

Curricular Practices of Selected Tertiary Private- Sectarian Institutions Oliveth H. Tolentino and Manuela S. Tolentino Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Gap between curricular practice and the idealism in the goals of education exists. This study evaluated the status of the curricular practices of selected tertiary private-sectarian institutions using the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) evaluation model and answered the following research questions: (1) What is the status of the curricular practices of the selected tertiary private-sectarian institutions as evaluated by the school administrators, faculty, staff, and students in terms of the following: (a) goals and objectives; (b)faculty qualifications and performance; (c) on program of studies and curriculum; (d)teaching methodologies, techniques and assessments (f) values practice and integration(g) library services; (h) community services and social awareness; (f) research. (2) Is there a significant difference on the assessments of the three groups of respondents as to the above-mentioned variables? (3) What factors hinder and facilitate the implementation of the curricular practices in the selected tertiary private-sectarian institutions? Using descriptive method, data were gathered from 207 respondents from three tertiary Adventist schools in the Philippines, namely the Northern Luzon Adventist College (NLAC), the Northeast Luzon Adventist College (NELAC), and the North Visayan Adventist College. The findings reveal that the curricular practices for all three groups, namely the administrators, the faculty, and the students were generally rated as implemented. There is significant difference on the evaluation of the three groups of respondents on goals and objectives; on teaching methodologies, techniques, and assessments; on values practice and integration; on library services; on community extension services and social awareness. There is no significant difference though on faculty qualifications and performance; on program of studies and curriculum; and the dissemination and relevance of research. The factors that hinder the implementation of the curricular practices include among others: a) weak research; b) need for the tertiary private-sectarian institutions to hire and train young faculty members.

Keywords: curricular practices, strategic planning model, evaluation

278 6th international scholars’ conference 279 Levy M. Fajanilan ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. LEVY M. FAJANILAN HAS BEEN SERVING ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES AS AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR FOR 14 YEARS NOW. CURRENTLY, SHE IS THE ELEMENTARY PRINCIPAL AND A PART-TIME PROFESSOR IN THE PSYCHOLOGY PROGRAM. SHE IS MARRIED TO DANILO FAJANILAN.

Integrating Classroom Music Instruction: Its Effects in the Development of Spatial Skills of Kindergarten Pupils Becy O. Cruz, Levy M. Fajanilan, Jewel B. Solidum, Nerilyn R. Beratio Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the effects of integrating classroom music instruction in the development of spatial skills of kindergarten pupils. In the Philippines, music education encounters many problems, too. There are difficulties related to the full implementation of the Music Law or the Republic Act 4723. There are issues on the quality of music teachers and trainings. There is shortage of music materials and assessment, and budget for music activities and many others (Borromeo, 2015). This study used a quasi-experimental design and employed the pretest-posttest non-equivalent group design. Four spatial tasks were used to assess the spatial skills of the respondents. Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test were specifically used in analyzing the data. The findings of this study revealed that the baseline characteristics of the control and the experimental groups were comparable in four spatial tasks: jigsaw puzzle solving task, block building task, short term memory picture task, and children’s mental transformation task CMTT. The control and experimental groups showed significant differences in their pretest-posttest scores in jigsaw puzzle solving task and in CMTT.There were 52 Kindergarten participants for this study from Laguna BelAir Science School (LBASS). The control group is composed of 27 and 25 for the experimental group. Moreover, the experimental group showed one significant difference in block building task. The two groups did not show significant difference in short term memory picture task. The experimental group demonstrated improvement in four spatial tasks as well as the control group except in block building task. The improvement manifested by the control and experimental group was found to be insignificant in four spatial tasks when gain scores between the two groups are considered. It was concluded that integrating classroom music was deemed to be effective in the development of spatial skills in terms of enhancing the problem-solving abilities of kindergarten pupils as revealed by significant improvement of the experimental group in jigsaw puzzle solving task, block building task, and CMTT.

Keywords: block building task, Carabo-Cone method, Dalcroze approach, Eclectic, Euryhthmic, Intelligence, Kodaly method, Orff-Schulwerk method, Short- term memory picture task, Spatial skills

280 6th international scholars’ conference 281 Education

Carol Linda Kingston ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

BORN IN SHILLONG, INDIA, CAROL LINDA KINGSTON HAS EXPERIENCED TEACHING FROM ELEMENTARY TO GRADUATE SCHOOL FOR A DECADE IN THE FIELD OF ENGLISH. SHE COMPLETED HER MASTER’S DEGREES IN EDUCATION, ENGLISH, PSYCHOTHERAPY AND COUNSELING, AND ECONOMICS. PRESENTLY, SHE IS A DOCTORAL STUDENT AT ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES WITH EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND TESOL AS EMPHASIS. HER RESEARCH INTEREST IS IN THE PROBLEMS AND TRENDS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING AND LINGUISTICS.

Experiences of Second Language Learners of Learning Strategies into Practice: A Phenomenological Study Carol Linda Kingston Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: Education has been one of the essential ingredients that a modern society yearns for higher status and standard living. Second Language Learners do have to learn the concepts theoretically; however, when the learned concepts are put to practice, students go through a great deal of stress and anxiety. Perpetually, they need to be strong emotionally, physically, and mentally in order to meet the goals of the targeted language (Cairney, 2007; Loxton, Mooney & Young, 2006; Samuel- Dennis, 2006).Often, students do not show interest in instructions as they feel culturally isolated. Self-determination theory explains that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations are essential to progress forward (Deci & Ryan, 2000). This qualitative study (phenomenological study) examined the challenges and the issues of ESL students in the Philippines. Research respondents were 15 ESL students from different higher educational institutions in Region IV A, CALABARZON, Philippines. The data were collected through observations and in depth interviews and literature for triangulation; and were analyzed through two cycles of coding where themes and categories were developed. The findings showed that there are challenges and issues that ESL students face when transferring theory to practice. The study ended with recommendations to bridge the gap of the challenges and experiences of ESL students in learning.

Keywords: cmulticultural higher education students, ESL students, motivation, qualitative study, ESL students’ experiences

280 6th international scholars’ conference 281 Yenni Christina INDONESIA

YENNI CHRISTINA GRADUATED FROM PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY ON MAY 2018 FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATION. CURRENTLY, SHE IS PURSUING HER DOCTORAL PROGRAM AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

Attitude towards English, Speech Anxiety and Academic Achievement among Elementary Pupils: Basis for Enriched Language Communication Program Yenni Christina Indonesia

Abstract: English is the leading foreign language and is considered as the second language in many countries including the Philippines. However, there are many students who cannot speak English fluently and are anxious to communicate in English. This study determined the learners’ attitude towards English, speech anxiety and academic achievement in English among grade 3 to grade 6 pupils of Lora Carnig School of All Nations. The respondents are 29 Grade 3 pupils, 22 Grade 4, 14 Grade 5, and 11 Grade 6 pupils. Descriptive- correlational method was employed with the use of survey questionnaire in determining the attitude towards English and pupils’ speech anxiety. For the academic achievement in English, school record was used. The statistical tools used were weighted mean, mean, standard deviation (SD) and Pearson r. Findings revealed that majority of the respondents have high positive attitude towards English. The standard deviation of 0.426 indicates that the group is homogenous in terms of their attitude towards English. Overall, the respondents’ speech anxiety in English is low. This means that the pupils are accustomed to speak English at school not only during English subject, but also in other subjects. The respondents’ academic achievement is high (86.84%) interpreted as outstanding level. The test of correlation between attitudes of the pupils towards English and speech anxiety has no significant correlation. While pupils’ attitude towards English and academic achievement in English has a significant correlation, and pupils’ speech anxiety towards English and academic achievement in English has significant correlation as well. This study provides a basis or as reference for future researchers to conduct the similar research or related study.

Keywords: attitude, anxiety, achievement

282 6th international scholars’ conference 283 Education

Nerissa Batulayan ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

NERISSA BATULAYAN IS A FULL-TIME FACULTY IN THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WITH SPECIALIZATION IN CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION. SHE TEACHES SPECIALIZATION COURSES IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION COURSES SHE IS CURRENTLY TAKING PHD IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT.

Collaborative Learning Technology from the Perspectives of the Millennials Lendyl Love P. Licayan, Juvi Marie P. Mabale, Rosalyn B. Pertiz, Theresa Rose S. Worri and Nerrisa S. Batulayan Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Students of today are labelled as millennials―a generation born with technology in their hands. To make good use of technology, schools are already adopting Collaborative Learning Technology (CLT) with all its effectiveness and drawbacks. Viewpoints on CLT from educators and researchers outside and inside the country had been established but studies on the standpoint of the millennial students are minimal. Hence, this phenomenological study identified how millennial students perceive collaborative learning technology. Using a validated semi-structured interview guide, data were gathered through interviews among 10 purposively sampled participants. Practical, useful, and group-oriented are the three themes that emerged after the analysis. Results revealed that millennials positively welcomed the use of CLT in their class; however they perceive that construction of content, learners’ differences, technical problems, and student-teacher gap are challenges to be faced in utilizing CLT. Hence, for further study, researchers should delve into the possible interventions to address these challenges.

Keywords: Collaborative Learning Technology, millennials, teaching millennials

282 6th international scholars’ conference 283 Karlton Keller ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

KARLTON KELLER HAS BEEN A LECTURER AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SINCE 2013 SERVING IN ESL, EDUCATION, AND MUSIC. HIS DEGREES ARE BMUSICED, MMUSIC, PASC II (CALIFORNIA PROFESSIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES CREDENTIAL). HIS PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION EXPERIENCES INCLUDE TEACHING INSTRUMENTAL AND CHORAL MUSIC K-UNIVERSITY, ELEMENTARY PRINCIPAL, ACTING SUPERINTENDENT, AND K-12 PRINCIPAL.

Student Response to Use of Reading Assistant Software for English Language Learners in Thailand Karlton Keller, Wendy Keough and Forsythia Galgao Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: The purpose of this research was to examine student’s response to the use of Computer Aided Language Learning (CALL) system, Reading Assistant (RA). RA is a computer-based reading program with voice recognition, offering learners a placement test, and then providing access to a library of over 300 level appropriate book titles. Students first listen to the book being read, answer prompts and quiz questions, and then record their voice as they read the book aloud, before taking a quiz. In a “yes or no” survey, over 95% of participants (n=205) stated that the use of RA improved their English proficiency in the skills of reading, listening, and speaking. Independent t-tests also demonstrated a significant difference in speaking proficiency among students who used Reading Assistant for a minimum of 90 minutes per week (n=15) and those who read paper books using traditional classroom reading methods (n=19). Two student focus groups (n=8 and n=9) concluded that students believe the use of RA improved English language proficiency more quickly than traditional classroom methods. In conclusion, training with Reading Assistant has shown to be an effective method to increase ESL students’ English language proficiency, as well as a positive student experience.

Keywords: ESL, English language, reading, speaking, Computer-Aided Language Learning

284 6th international scholars’ conference 285 Education

Jeremiah C. Fameronag ADVENTIST UNVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. JEREMIAH C. FAMERONAG, LPT, IS CURRENTLY SERVING AS THE SECONDARY EDUCATION DEPARTMENT CHAIR OF THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (A CENTER OF EXCELLENCE IN TEACHER EDUCATION) OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE IS INDIGENOUS TO LIAN, BATANGAS, AND IS ON A MISSION TO EQUIP EDUCATORS TO GROW WHOLISTICALLY THROUGH SPEAKING ENGAGEMENTS, CONDUCTING RESEARCHES, PRESENTING PAPERS, PUBLISHING BOOKS AND ARTICLES, AND MENTORING PRE-SERVICE AND IN-SERVICE TEACHERS.

Out-of-Field Teaching of English Major Education Graduates: A Phenomenological Study Darl Jasmin M. Andueza, Sheilla G. Aquino, Herssel Shaira A. Capobres, Shiela C. Ejurango, Eunika Marie Libosada, Jeremiah C. Fameronag Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Teaching is a complex job. Not only should teachers be adept in handling challenging students but they should also be skilled in adapting to the ever-changing curriculum in their field of specialization. In a country where ESL learning is prevalent, it is important to know the reason constituting this phenomenon on Out-of-FieldTeaching. This phenomenological study explored the reasons why English Education Graduates (EEGs) teach outside their field of specialization and the challenges they encountered in teaching other fields. Six English Education graduates with at least three years experiences in teaching another subject in either a private or public school were selected through purposive-sampling technique. Data were gathered using a semi- structured interview guide and were analyzed using Gestalt-Phenomenological perspective. The interview results revealed that the reasons identified by EEGs teaching outside their field of specialization are: responding to a need in a particular school, EEGs willingness to teach subjects aside from English and other personal reasons such as urgent hiring and being skillful in the assigned subject area. The challenges encountered by EEGs teaching other fields pertain to the content and pedagogy of teaching the assigned out-of-field subject. In order to address these challenges, EEGs ought to stick to their major only. On the other hand, administrators should be objective in assigning teaching loads to teachers based on their teaching qualifications. Further study may be conducted on the effectiveness of Out-of-Field Teachers. Moreover, another study using mixed method may be done involving a bigger number of participants.

Keywords: English Education Graduates, English as a Second Language, Out-of-Field teaching, non-practicing

284 6th international scholars’ conference 285 Lely Sualang UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

LELY SUALANG WORKS AT UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, MANADO, INDONESIA, PARTICULARLY IN ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FACULTY. GRADUATED HER BACHELOR DEGREE IN ENGLISH AT UNIVERSITAS KLABAT AND HER MASTERAL IN ENGLISH AT AUP, PHILLIPINES.

Relationship of Students’ Engagement and Motivation in Achievement in English Lely Sualang Universitas Klabat

Abstract: EFL students in some English classes are lack of motivation to engage in English learning activities as what some English teachers reported. This study was to explore the correlation between student engagement in English learning and their English achievement, the correlation between motivation in English learning and English achievement analyzed by Pearson correlation. The 90 eleventh grade students, Social 1 and 2, Science 1, 2 and 3 were the respondents. Convenience sampling method was utilized in collecting the data, and the findings revealed that eleventh grade student engagement in English learning was low, their motivation in English learning was high, and their English achievement was high. There was no significant correlation between student engagement in English learning and their achievement; however, there was a significant correlation between eleventh grade student motivation in English learning and English achievement. Therefore, English teachers are to motivate their students by presenting interesting and challenging English lessons that allow students to engage in English learning in order for them to improve their English achievement, students need to aware the importance of boosting themselves in English learning, so they can engage in every activity in English learning.

Keywords: engagement, motivation in English learning, English achievement

286 6th international scholars’ conference 287 Education

Mark Vernon E. Saban ADVENTIST UNVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MARK VERNON E. SABAN IS FACULTY OF NATIONAL SERVICE AND TRAINING PROGRAM (NSTP) DEPARTMENT OF ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE IS A REGISTERED NURSE BY PROFESSION AND AGRICULTURIST BY HEART. HIS INTEREST IN HUMAN RESOURCE EVENTUALLY LED HIM TO RESPOND TO HIS PRESENT CALLING—TEACHING. CURRENTLY, HE IS PURSUING PHD COMMERCE MAJOR IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE SAME INSTITUTION

Service Learning Exposure in National Service Training Program: Implications to Civic Consciousness Mark Vernon E. Saban Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The National Service Training Program (NSTP) is a civic education and defense preparedness program for students instituted by the Philippine government by virtue of Republic Act 9163, otherwise known as the NSTP Act of 2001. One of the aims of NSTP is to inculcate civic consciousness among Filipino youth through this program. However, as widely observed, not all students who completed NSTP have imbibed such aim. The quality of program implementation could be a potential factor which includes service learning exposure and how this is translated to students’ sense of civic consciousness. Hence, this qualitative study aimed to analyze the service learning exposure of NSTP students in the first semester, academic year 2018- 2019 enrolled in a private university. Anchored on Dewey and Freire’s service- learning theory, service learning is a form of experiential education, deeply rooted in cognitive and developmental psychology, pragmatic philosophy, and democratic theory. Using a case study design, eight participants were purposively sampled and interviewed in a focus group. Consequently, interview data were transcribed and analyzed accordingly using Seidel’s (1998) model. Findings show that participants described their service learning exposure as something that is practical, essential, fulfilling, and a spiritual calling. Based on these themes, implications for civic consciousness were drawn. These identified themes imply that service learning exposure seems to awaken one’s awareness, sensitivity, and consciousness of the needs of others; thereby seeking out for ways to do something to contribute for the common good. This underpins the crucial role of NSTP program towards nation building. It is recommended that further enrichment of implementation be done to ensure sufficient service learning exposure identified to help raise the level of civic consciousness.

Keywords: civic consciousness, exposure, national service training program, service learning,

286 6th international scholars’ conference 287 Jed Bernette Ferrancullo ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

JED BERNETTE FERRANCULLO IS MARRIED TO STEPHEN AND HAS THREE CHILDREN. SHE HAS TAUGHT BOTH ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL. SHE HAS BEEN TEACHING FOR 12 YEARS AND CURRENTLY SERVING AT ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES ACADEMY AS A MATHEMATICS TEACHER. SHE IS ALSO PURSUING HER MASTER’S DEGREE IN CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION AT ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES.

Mathematics—Experience of Nightmare to Pleasure using Universal Design for Learning Ranjith Kingston Gladstone and Jed Ferrancullo Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: Centuries long, learning Mathematics is a nightmare for students. Many struggle, and most of the time, the students avoid taking Mathematics as much as possible (Gafoor & Kurukkan, 2015). However, there are limited researches on presenting mathematics with fun and creating a conducive learning environment. In this context, how do teachers help students to be motivated to learn Mathematics? How do teachers use the standard Mathematics curriculum in the most fun way? Universal Design for learning (UDL), among other designs, attempts for successful learning. This theoretical study answered the above central research questions. This research used literature as the main source of data to answer. Further, UDL provides educators with practical strategies and techniques to ensure that all their learners meet with higher standards, even to meet with common core state standards (CAST, 2018). The findings reflect in learner’s perspective, UDL provides opportunity for all students to access, participate, and progress in education by reducing the barriers to instruction (Ralabate, 2011). In a multicultural or diverse set-up, researchers are beginning to recognize UDL as a useful tool and resource (Sadowski, 2014). Teacher’s knowledge about attribute and cultural diversity are powerful determinants of learning opportunities and outcomes for different students (Gay, 2002). This study dwelt on the initial questions about the implementation of UDL and in specific—a multi-cultural student-learning set-up, and for Mathematics educators.

Keywords: mathematics, UDL, Multi-cultural Learning, student achievement, and instructional barriers

288 6th international scholars’ conference 289 Education

Nora Susilowaty UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

The EEffect of Core Learning Models with Cognitive- Conflict Strategy towards the Mathematics Problem Solving and Anxiety of SMP Students Nora Susilowaty and Marlin Steffi Marpaung Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: To improve the ability of mathematical problem solving and to decrease mathematical anxiety, the teacher needs a teaching strategy which invites students to learn actively. Thus, this research aimed to know the improvement of the students’ ability of mathematical problem solving using CORE learning with cognitive-conflict strategy and conventional learning, and to know the influence of CORE learning with cognitive-conflict strategy towards the students’ mathematic anxiety. This quasi-experimental research used non-equivalent control group design. Implementation of this research was conducted on grade VIII students in one of the State Junior High School in Cimahi. Instruments used consist of test and non-test. The test instrument was a test of mathematical problem solving skills presented as pre-test and post-test, while non-test instrument consist of mathematical anxiety scale, observation sheet and interview. Quantitative data analysis was done by using t test and Wilcoxon sign rank test, while qualitative data analysis was done descriptively. The results of this study showed that the students that had CORE learning model with cognitive-conflict strategy have improved the mathematic ability of problem solving better than the students that used the conventional learning, and the CORE learning model with conflict strategy have effected to decrease the students’ mathematic anxiety.

Keywords: CORE Learning Model, Cognitive-Conflict Strategy, Mathematic, understanding, Mathematic Problem Solving, and Mathematic Anxiety

288 6th international scholars’ conference 289 Ma. Melissa Lynne A. Ladisla DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY – DASMARIÑAS

MA. MELISSA LYNNE A. LADISLA IS AN ELEMENTARY PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHER, MATH COACH AND MTAP TRAINER IN DASMARIÑAS. SHE IS A GRADUATE OF BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION MAJOR IN MATHEMATICS AT SAMAR STATE UNIVERSITY AND MASTER OF ARTS IN MATHEMATICS AT DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY- DASMARIÑAS. HER PASSION IN DRESEARCHING NEW IDEAS TO ENHANCE PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM STARTED WHEN SHE EXPERIENCED DIFFICULTIES IN TEACHING MATHEMATICS. SOME OF WHICH ARE LOCALIZED PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGY AND THE USE OF QR CODES IN RECORDING LEARNERS’ SCORES.

Face-To-Face Driver Model: Effects on the Academic Performance and Attitude towards Mathematics of 4th Grade Learners Ma. Melissa Lynne Ada Ladisla De La Salle University – Dasmariñas

Abstract: This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of Face-to-Face Driver Model to the academic performance and attitude towards Mathematics of fourth grade learners. The researcher used Quasi-Experimental design. Sixty respondents came from two sections of 4th grade learners in one of the Elementary Schools in Dasmariñas. Control and experimental groups were statistically equated at the start of the experiment. Findings revealed that there was a significant difference in the mean achievement in Mathematics and academic performance mean scores of each groups. The group exposed in the integration of technology obtained a higher mean gain. There is no significant difference in the attitude of the control group. However, there is a significant difference in the attitude of the experimental group. There is a significant difference in the gain score between the experimental and control groups, but no significant difference exists on achievement and attitude of the group according to types of learner. There is a significant difference in the change in attitude and performance of the students in the experimental and control group while there is no significant difference in the change on attitude and performance of different type of learners. Likewise, the interaction effect of treatment (Control and Experimental) and type of learner (Auditory, Visual and Tactile) is not significant. The result indicated that learners’ performance and positive attitude of learning towards Mathematics increased when technology is integrated. The findings also led to conclusion that Face-to-Face Driver Model proves to be a better approach in teaching 4th grade Mathematics.

Keywords: Face-to-Face Driver Model, 4th Grade Mathematics, type of learner

290 6th international scholars’ conference 291 Education

Amada C. Yllano ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES ACADEMY ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

AMADA C. YLLANO IS A MATH TEACHER AND AREA COORDINATOR IN AUPA JHS. SHE TEACHES SUBJECTS SUCH AS ALGEBRA, INTERMEDIATE ALGEBRA, ADVANCED ALGEBRA, PLANE GEOMETRY, STATISTICS, PATHFINDER AND A CLASSROOM ADVISER FOR SIXTEEN (16 YEARS) IN THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES ACADEMY. SHE IS THE ADVISER OF THE MATH, SCIENCE, AND TECHNOLOGY (MAST) CLUB. SHE IS ALSO A MASTER’S DEGREE HOLDER AND IS CURRENTLY TAKING HER PHD IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION IN AUP.

The Effect of Multimedia-Based Instruction on Students’ Achievement and Attitude Towards Plane Geometry Amada C. Yllano1 and Precious R. Tayaben2 1Adventist University of the Philippines Academy 2Math Dept. Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: The use of technology in the pedagogical process is growing at a phenomenal rate. It has been integrated in many areas of learning particularly in math. However, there is still a dearth research on the effectiveness of multimedia-based instruction in teaching and learning Plane Geometry. Mainly, the paper showed the significant difference of students’ achievement and attitude in the pretest and posttest scores. This study investigated the effect of multimedia-based instruction on students’ achievement and attitude towards Plane Geometry using a quasi-experimental design. Seventy-eight students were divided into two groups (experimental group or the multimedia- based instruction-MBI and the control group or the non-multimedia-based instruction –NMBI). Students’ pretest and posttest achievement and attitude scores were analyzed using independent T-test. Findings of this study revealed a low level of students’ mean achievement score on distance formula, midpoint, slope, the equation of the line, and the equation of the circle during the pretest (mean score = 16.64 in NMBI and 14.23 in MBI). However, the students’ achievement significantly increased in the MBI (posttest mean score = 26.03) compared with NMBI (24.36) group. The student’s attitude towards Geometry was satisfactory for both groups with means of 2.83 and 3.14 for NMBI and MBI, respectively. Gender, on the other hand, had no significant influence on their achievement and attitude towards Geometry. Between the two teaching strategies, the multimedia-based instruction was found to significantly enhance students’ achievement in Geometry. The result highlights the positive influence of MBI in learning Geometry concepts and may be utilized in teaching complex and higher mathematics subjects.

Keywords: multimedia instruction, effectiveness, achievement, attitude, mathematics

290 6th international scholars’ conference 291 April Ann T. Peña DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY – DASMARIÑAS AND FAR EASTERN COLLEGE SILANG, INC.

APRIL ANN T. PEÑA IS A SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS TEACHER AT FAR EASTERN COLLEGE SILANG, INC. SHE GRADUATED FROM DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY – DASMARIÑAS WITH A MASTER’S DEGREE IN MATHEMATICS IN 2017, CERTIFICATE IN TEACHING IN 2015, AND BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING IN 2008.

Social Support, School Related Behaviors, and Mathematics Academic Performance of STEM Students April Ann T. Peña De La Salle University – Dasmariñas and Far Eastern College Silang, Inc.

Abstract: In the present education system, social support and school related behaviors are given less attention as contributing factors to students’ performance in mathematics. The study aimed to determine the extent/ level of students’ mathematics academic performance, social supports from family, teachers, and friends/peers, and school related behaviors in terms of mathematics attitude and absenteeism; interlinking relationships; and the significant predictors of mathematics academic performance. Two surveys were administered to a group of 74 STEM students enrolled at Far Eastern College Silang, Inc. in S.Y. 2016 – 2017. Through descriptive correlational method, the study revealed that the respondents have very satisfactory mathematics academic performance; have high levels of social support and favorable attitude towards mathematics; and have 0 to 2 absences per semester. Social support does not affect the respondents’ school related behaviors and mathematics academic performance. However, school related behaviors affect mathematics academic performance since higher positive mathematics attitude means higher mathematics performance while higher absenteeism indicates lower mathematics performance. The model predicting mathematics academic performance based on absenteeism is derived. Since the study was focused on STEM, the same research can be conducted to Accountancy and Business Management, and Humanities and Social Sciences to compare the results among the three strands.

Keywords: social support, Mathematics academic performance, Mathematics Attitude, Absenteeism, School Related Behaviors

292 6th international scholars’ conference 293 Education

Josephine P. Manapsal FRANCISCO OSORIO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL - DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION- CAVITE

DR. JOSEPHINE P. MANAPSAL IS A MASTER TEACHER II, DESIGNATED GUIDANCE COUNSELOR, RESEARCH FOCAL PERSON AND SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL COORDINATOR IN FRANCISCO OSORIO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, TRECE MARTIRES CITY, CAVITE. SHE IS A REGISTERED PSYCHOLOGIST AND A LICENSED PROFESSIONAL TEACHER. SHE HAS CONDUCTED SEVERAL RESEARCHES AND SEMINARS AND HAS ATTENDED TRAININGS. SHE ALSO HAS PUBLISHED HER DISSERTATION AND ARTICLES IN INTERNATIONAL JOURNALS. SHE IS ALSO A MEMBER OF DIFFERENT PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND A CO-HOST OF DWDD RADIO STATION EVERY SUNDAY.

Exploring Lavender Aromatherapy in Reducing Math Anxiety to Improve Test Scores in Solving Math Problems Josephine P. Manapsal Francisco Osorio National High School - Department of Education- Cavite

Abstract: This study determined the effect of aromatherapy using lavender oil in reducing math anxiety before and during math problem solving activity among Grade 11 students. The experimental group was confined in an air-conditioned room with three pieces of aroma humidifier to centralize the effect of lavender oil placed in strategic airflow ends. The experimental group was exposed in an hour inside the classroom during their math problem solving activity. The control group was given the same math problems simultaneously without lavender aromatherapy in a separate ventilated room. The 30 item Math Anxiety Scale was pilot tested among 178 students with a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.89. The mean on the level of math anxiety of the experimental group before the treatment is relatively higher (MD=3.92174) than the level of their math anxiety after the treatment (MD=2.565). The result revealed that lavender aromatherapy has a significant effect (p-.001) in reducing math anxiety. It may also help the students to perform better in other related subjects causing them anxiety.

Keywords: logico-mathematical intelligence

292 6th international scholars’ conference 293 Petrus Kondo UNIVERSITAS KLABAT

PETRUS KONDO IS A PERMANENT ENGLISH TEACHER AT UNIVERSITAS KLABAT-MANADO. HE RECEIVED BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN ENGLISH EDUCATION FROM UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, MANADO AND MASTER’S DEGREE IN ENGLISH EDUCATION FROM ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. CURRENTLY HE IS TEACHING FOR FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN (FKIP) AT UNIVERSITAS KLABAT.

Differences in the Learning Anxieties Affecting EFL English Major Students at Universitas Klabat Petrus Kondo Universitas Klabat

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate which of the English learning anxieties (communication apprehension, test anxiety and fear of negative evaluation) is most experienced by EFL of the English major students of Universitas Klabat in year 2017/2018. The respondents of this study comprised of 207 English major students of Universitas Klabat, 47 males and 160 females. This study utilized descriptive-correlational research design. Mean and standard deviation were utilized for descriptive. Multiple comparison Sceffe was utilized to see the differences of English language anxiety among the respondents and independent t-test and Pearson correlation were utilized for correlation between the length of study and English language anxiety. The results showed that the English major students of Universitas Klabat highly experienced English language anxiety: communication apprehension, test anxiety and fear of negative evaluation. The difference of variance ANOVA test showed there are significant differences in students’ English learning anxiety among different variables in communication apprehension and fear of negative evaluation, but no significant difference is shown in Test Anxiety. Pearson correlation showed there is a correlation between the length of study in campus and communication apprehension and has a negative low correlation, but there is no correlation between the length of study and both test anxiety and fear of negative evaluation.

Keywords: English language anxiety, communication apprehension, test anxiety, fear of negative evaluation

294 6th international scholars’ conference 295 Education

Nakhon Kitjaroonchai ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

NAKHON KITJAROONCHAI IS A LECTURER AT THE FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES, ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, THAILAND. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE L2 LEARNING MOTIVATION, L2 WRITING, COLLABORATIVE LEARNING, AND LANGUAGE IDEOLOGY.

Tantip Kitjaroonchai ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

TANTIP KITJAROONCHAI IS A LECTURER AT THE FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES, ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, THAILAND. CURRENTLY, SHE IS SERVING AS THE CHAIR OF THE ENGLISH (THAI-PROGRAM). HER RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE L2 LEARNING MOTIVATION, COLLABORATIVE LEARNING AND THE USE OF L1 IN TEACHING L2.

Enhancing Thai EFL University Students’ English Translation Skills through Online Collaborative Translation Nakhon Kitjaroonchai, Tantip Kitjaroonchai and Chomphunut Phutikettrkit Asia-Pa- cific International University

Abstract: Although online collaborative learning (OCL) is now gaining broad acceptance in a multitude of language learning classrooms to improve productivity and language skills, very few studies have investigated online collaboration in EFL translation class. This study attempted to fill the research gap by investigating the Thai students’ translation skills through online collaborative translation (OCT) in Google Docs. Purposive sampling was used to select 26 students enrolling in the Thai to English translation course during second semester of 2017-2018 Academic Year at Asia-Pacific International University. A paired-sample T-test was used to analyze the data of students’ pre- test and post-test scores before and after participating in online collaborative translation. The results indicated there was a statistically significant difference in the scores on the test from before participating in OCT (M =16.92, SD = 1.38) and after participating in OCT (M =18.85, SD =1.38) as determined by the paired-samples t-test; [t (25) = -11.08, p < .000]. Most students held a positive attitude towards OCT. Following these findings, some pedagogical implications are discussed.

Keywords: collaborative learning, online collaborative translation, translation, learning

294 6th international scholars’ conference 295 Alvin D. Tenorio CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY

ALVIN D. TENORIO IS A DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH AND EVALUATION STUDENT AT UP DILIMAN. CURRENTLY, HE IS AN INSTRUCTOR AT THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ARTS, AND SCIENCES AT CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY.

Assessment Practices in Mathematics at the College of Education, Arts, & Sciences of Capiz State University Alvin Tenorio Capiz State University

Abstract: This study explored the assessment practices of mathematics teachers in the College of Education, Arts, and Sciences of Capiz State University. Using qualitative descriptive research, a population of six mathematics teachers and eight purposively selected BSEd mathematics major students were covered in the study. Open-ended questionnaire was utilized and documentary analysis was done to obtain the needed data. The data gathered were analyzed using the General Inductive Approach to draw significant views of the participants relevant to the research objectives. Results show that teacher-participants use a combination of traditional and authentic assessments in their mathematics class; the former for pedagogic functions, while the latter for enhancing instruction, summarizing learning, and testing students’ ability to apply the concepts learned in real-life context. Traditional and authentic assessments have their own strengths and limitations as perceived by the participants. Issues and concerns surrounding both methods of assessments are related to the preparation, implementation, evaluation, and communication of results. An assessment program that captures students’ thought processes and enhances mathematics learning not tapped by written exams is proposed. Further, diagnosing individual learner to determine the kind of intelligence they possess as well as their varying backgrounds is recommended for a more improved and informed assessment practices in mathematics class.

Keywords: assessment methods, assessment practices, traditional assessment, authentic assessment, assessment in mathematics

296 6th international scholars’ conference 297 Education

Jimmy Kijai ANDREWS UNIVERSITY, USA ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

DR. JIMMY KIJAI IS MALAYSIAN BY BIRTH. HE TEACHES GRADUATE LEVEL COURSES IN RESEARCH AND STATISTICAL METHODS IN THE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION AT ANDREWS UNIVERSITY, USA. HE IS A FORMER HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE/MATH TEACHER. HE HAS TAUGHT GRADUATE LEVEL COURSES IN MANY COUNTRIES. HE IS A MEMBER OF THE AMERICAN RESEARCH ASSOCIATION, THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON MEASUREMENT IN EDUCATION, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, AMERICAN COUNSELING ASSOCIATION, AND THE MIDWEST PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS CENTER AROUND SCHOOL EFFECTS PARTICULARLY WITH RESPECT TO THEIR INFLUENCE ON VALUES DEVELOPMENT. The Influence of Selected Asian Adventist Universities on Students’ Development of Life Skills, Religiosity and Altruism Jimmy Kijai1 and LeRoy Ruhupatty2 1Andrews University, USA, 2Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe the influence of four Adventist universities in Indonesia, Philippines and Thailand on the development of life skills, religiosity and altruism among students. Survey research methodology was the design used to collect data using printed questionnaires. The questionnaire was primarily designed to elicit information on reasons for attending the universities, engagement in curricular and extra- curricular activities, and the extent to which the university influence student development of life skills, religiosity and altruism. One thousand nine hundred and sixty-eight (1968) students participated in this study. Students generally agree that the universities have positively influenced the development of their life skills (M = 4.05, SD = 0.59), religiosity (M = 4.15, SD = 0.69), and altruism (M = 3.88, SD = 0.60). There are no significant class status or gender differences on these variables. There are some variation among the universities but the effect size is small (η2 ≤ .05). Approximately 45% of the variance on the linear combination of the development of religiosity, life skills and altruism can be explained by student engagement in religious and extra-curricular activities, and interaction with professors/staff and friends. It is quite apparent that the university experience influence both religious and non-religious aspects of the student life development.

Keywords: life skills, religiosity, altruism

296 6th international scholars’ conference 297 Jolly S. Balila ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. JOLLY S. BALILA, IS THE RESEARCH DIRECTOR, RESEARCH CONSULTANT, AND PROFESSOR IN RESEARCH AT AUP. SHE EARNED HER PH.D. IN EDUCATION MAJOR IN RESEARCH AND EVALUATION AT UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, DILIMAN. SHE WAS ONE OF THE FOUNDING MEMBERS OF THE PARTNERSHIP WITH THREE ASIAN UNIVERSITIES ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY IN THAILAND, UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA, AND UNIVERSITAS KLABAT, INDONESIA WITH THE GOAL TO GATHER ADVENTIST RESEARCHERS TO SHARE THEIR RESEARCH OUTPUTS IN AN INTERNATIONAL SCHOLAR’S CONFERENCE.

Evidence of Convergent and Divergent Validity of Professional Competence, Active Faith, Social Responsibility, Selfless Service, and Balanced Lifestyle (PASSB) Measures Jolly S. Balila Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Evidence to validity is important in scale development. Previous studies use content validity as the only evidence to establish the validity of a measure. Researchers have paid little attention to convergent and discriminant validity. Thus, this study investigated the construct validity of measures of Professional competence, Active faith, Social responsibility, Selfless service, and Balance lifestyle (PASSB). The questionnaire was administered to 192 senior college students who are internationally diverse and have enrolled in the university for an Average of 8.6 semesters. This questionnaire was developed in order to determine the impact of Adventist Education to the measured characteristics. Confirmatory factor analysis investigated the convergent and discriminant validities using SPSS and AMOS. The results revealed that Active faith accounted for the largest proportion of variance, followed by Professional competence, Selfless service and Balance lifestyle. Social responsibility accounted for the smallest proportion of trait variance. A model with five latent trait provided a better fit to the data. The results further provided evidence of convergent and discriminant validity on the measures. The total variance accounted for by the five-factor model is 66.02%. The implications for what institutional outcomes are expected of students, research, and institutional policy were discussed.

Keywords: construct validity, convergent validity, divergent validity, confirmatory factor analysis

298 6th international scholars’ conference 299 Education

Teresita G. Belarmino ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

TERESITA G. BELARMINO, PH. D. CANDIDATE, AND TEFL/TESOL CERTIFIED TEACHER IS AN ENGLISH INSTRUCTOR AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE HAS BEEN AN ENGLISH TEACHER FOR 12 YEARS AND HAS ALSO SERVED AS A LANGUAGE CENTER COORDINATOR, MISSIONARY TEACHER, SPANISH TEACHER, ENGLISH E-PALS PROJECT COORDINATOR, RESOURCE SPEAKER AT INTERNATIONAL VENUES BEYOND THE PHILIPPINES TO SUCH COUNTRIES IN ASIA INCLUDING HONG KONG, NEW ZEALAND, AND INDONESIA. SHE IS ALSO A CONTRIBUTOR TO THE ADVENTIST EDUCATOR’S BLOG THROUGH THE PARTNERSHIP OF CIRCLE AND THE JOURNAL OF ADVENTIST EDUCATION.

Influence of Organizational Culture on TQM in Tertiary Institutions in Asia Teresita G. Belarmino and Leonardo B. Dorado Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Total Quality management (TQM) approach has been proven to enhance quality in the educational field.TQM is a vision for continuous improvement, which tertiary institutions can easily achieve through school administrators’ full commitment. However, several studies show the demand for a supportive organizational culture that could function as a kind of control for administrators to influence the kind of values that an institution develops for a successful TQM implementation. The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of organizational culture on total quality management among school administrators in seven selected tertiary institutions in Asia. This paper presents how Organizational Culture can influence TQM and highlights the relationship between these two factors. The respondents were 295 school administrators in 12 colleges and universities in seven selected countries in Asia. The study used a quantitative approach using descriptive- correlation. Survey findings suggest that four OC elements can influence the successful implementation of TQM in education namely; “involvement,” “consistency,” adaptability,” and “mission.”. School administrators must continuously practice positive organizational culture traits as evidenced by this study. These traits have strong influence to attain total quality management in education. Further, they must provide clear and transparent avenues to consult subordinates and colleagues on whatever decisions they may undertake.

Keywords: organizational culture, Total quality management (TQM), continuous improvement involvement, consistency, adaptability, mission

298 6th international scholars’ conference 299 Edwin A. Balila ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. EDWIN A. BALILA IS THE DEAN OF THE COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE EARNED HIS PHD IN MATHEMATICS AT UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES - DILIMAN.

Influence of Organizational Culture on Total Quality Management in a Multilevel Regression Model’s Perspective Edwin A. Balila, Teresita Belarmino and Veronica C. Diaz Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This paper made use of 295 school administrators coming from 12 different colleges and universities operated by the Seventh-Day Adventist Church within Asia-Pacific Division. The statistical test used in the analysis was Hierarchical Linear Modeling. Existence of multilevel data is not accidental and hence cannot be ignored. Discounting it, may lead to overlooking any group effects and therefore nullifying many traditional techniques of statistical procedure used to investigate inter-relationship among variables. Applying a 2-Level Hierarchical Linear Modeling on administrators as respondents in a school level and considering years of service, the results were as follows: The effect of Years of Service on Total Quality Management (TQM) was not statistically significant ( =.0133, t=1.133, p > .05), indicating that the mean TQM according to years of service did not differ significantly. Organizational Culture, likewise, did not affect TQM ( =2.7515,t =-.855, p > .05). This meant that administrators have the same organizational culture regardless of school level. School mean ( =0.3501, t=1.553, p>.05) was not statistically significant to TQM indicating that the school mean did not influence organizational culture on TQM. Similarly, the gamma coefficient of the interaction of school mean and organizational culture was not significant ( =.03274,t =.810, p > .05) indicating no significant effect in the relationship between organizational culture and TQM. Thus, Organizational Culture impacts TQM, regardless of SDA school location within Asia-Pacific Region.

Keywords: Hierarchical Linear Model, organizational culture, Total Quality Management, school mean

300 6th international scholars’ conference 301 Education

Robert John Almocera ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

ROBERT JOHN “RJ” ALMOCERA IS A MEMBER OF THE RESEARCH STAFF AT THE ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES AND IS CURRENTLY COMPLETING HIS PHD IN EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AT DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY. HIS PRIMARY RESEARCH INTERESTS REVOLVE AROUND AUTONOMY SUPPORT AND GOAL STRUCTURES IN THE FILIPINO CLASSROOM.

Investigating the Moderating Effect of Social Comparison Orientation on the Relationship between Enjoyment and Self-Regulated Learning Robert John V. Almocera Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: The present study examined the moderating effect of social comparison orientation on the relationship between enjoyment and self- regulated learning among Filipino college students (n = 206) enrolled in a mathematics-related courses in university in the Philippines. The measures used in the study include the Academic Emotions Questionnaires (AEQ), Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measures (INCOM), and the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ), and were administered to the respondents toward the end of the course. A. The results of the moderation analysis suggested that social comparison orientation moderates the relationship between enjoyment and self-regulated learning among the respondents F (3, 202) = 7.624, p = .000). Specifically, a buffering effect on the relationship between enjoyment and self-regulated learning is observed. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.

Keywords: social comparison orientation, self-regulated learning, academic emotions, enjoyment

300 6th international scholars’ conference 301 Emir Lenard Sicangco TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY

ENGR. EMIR LENARD SICANGCO IS AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AND DIRECTOR FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AT THE TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY (TSU). HE COMPLETED HIS UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES - DILIMAN AND MASTER’S DEGREE IN EDUCATION AT TSU. HE IS TAKING UP HIS DOCTORATE STUDIES IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH AND EVALUATION AT UP DILIMAN.

Assessment Practices in the Fifth-Year Subjects of Industrial Engineering Undergraduate Program in Tarlac State University Emir Lenard Sicangco Tarlac State University

Abstract: This study identified and described the assessment practices in the fifth-year subjects of the industrial engineering undergraduate program in Tarlac State University. Four teachers and twenty-two students participated in this study. Using an explanatory sequential research design, quantitative surveys and focus group discussion were utilized to obtain the necessary data. Results indicated that the teachers utilize both traditional and authentic assessments in their subjects, with the latter being utilized more often. They utilize both types of assessments for formative and summative purposes and all assessments contribute to the final grade of the students. Strengths and limitations were identified for each type of assessment. Issues and concerns surrounding assessments were raised by the participants. The study proposed an assessment program consisting of three phases which hope to address varying student characteristics, administering issues, subjectivity, teacher- student communication, inappropriate assessment characteristics, and lack of resources for assessment purposes. The study recommends teacher training on educational assessment to address the assessment issues and concerns and for them to become more competent and efficient in conducting assessments towards good assessment practices and adherence to assessment standards.

Keywords: educational assessment, assessment practices, traditional assessment, authentic assessment, engineering education

302 6th international scholars’ conference 303 Education

Ricardo A. Catanghal Jr. DEPED DIVISION OF ANTIQUE AND UNIVERSITY OF ANTIQUE

RICARDO A. CATANGHAL JR. IS CURRENTLY A FACULTY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ANTIQUE – MAIN CAMPUS, SIBALOM, ANTIQUE. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS ARE ABOUT EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, DATA MINING, AI AND MACHINE LEARNING.

Teachers Performance and Level of Happiness in the Mono-grade and Multi-grade Class Joe-Ann B. Catanghal1 and Ricardo A. Catanghal Jr.2 1DepEd Division of Antique and 2University of Antique

Abstract: This study determined the level of happiness and teaching performance of Mono-grade and Multi-grade teachers. Furthermore, the researchers explored the relationship between happiness and performance among teachers. The subjects of the study consisted of 171 teachers across 8 towns in the province of Antique, Philippines and were selected using the multistage random sampling. The instrument used in data collection was the personal profiles of the teachers, the Happiness Index questionnaire, and the Performance Appraisal Standard for Teachers (PAST). Results showed that in the level of happiness teachers teaching in mono-grade had higher happiness level than multi-grade teachers. While mono-grade teachers had higher teaching performance than multi-grade teachers but when categorized by age, older teachers in multi-grade had a higher teaching performance. Further result of the study showed that performance was not significantly correlated with happiness (rho = .029, p =.704). In the sources of Happiness only family (rho = .158, p = .040) and friends (rho = .166, p = .030) were found to have significant correlation. There is a significant difference in the teaching performances of teachers teaching when classified by type of classes (U = 994.000, p = .038) using Mann-Whitney U test.

Keywords: teachers’ happiness, mono-grade, multi-grade, performance

302 6th international scholars’ conference 303 Michelle T. Collado ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

MICHELLE T. COLLADO, MA, IS THE COORDINATOR OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AREA IN COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. SHE EARNED HER BACHELOR DEGREE IN SPECIAL EDUCATION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES-DILIMAN. SHE HAD HER MASTER DEGREE IN EDUCATION MAJOR IN GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING AT THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. CURRENTLY, SHE IS PURSUING HER PHD DEGREE IN SPECIAL EDUCATION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP -DALTA, LAS PIÑAS CITY, PHILIPPINES.

Readiness of Faith-Based Community towards Adopting Special Education Program Jennalyn Ann G. Dela Viña, Romeo Tolentino Jr., Rechelle F. Matira, Aileen C. Barion, Michelle T. Collado, Gracel Ann Saban and Noemi Gelladuga Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: In the increasing number of students with special needs, it was reported that less than 3% of Adventist schools have direct provision of special services and only 6% of Adventist schools reported access to Adventist Special Education Services in the United States. In the Philippines, there is no concrete special education program in all Adventist schools. This study focused on the exploration of the readiness towards adopting special education program that dug into the subject of administration, facilities, teaching, funding, the challenges and solutions that might be faced in Faith-Based Community (FBC). The researchers employed multi-method and purposive sampling. The respondents were the administrators, teachers, and finance personnel of Faith- Based Community and the participants were chosen based on the criteria set by the researchers. For the quantitative, the data were gathered through survey questionnaires and checklist which revealed that FBC is not ready in terms of facilities and personnel who are equipped in handling the program. Thematic analysis was utilized in collecting qualitative data through in-depth interview. The researchers found out that the challenges towards adopting special education program that the participants mentioned are: lack of qualified teachers, community awareness, scarcity of training, classroom management, administrative support, lack of facilities and curriculum. While, the solutions that popped out to address these challenges are Individualized Education Program, comprehensive seminars or trainings, provision of facilities, fund allocation, supportive administrators and spirit-filled personnel. Based on the findings, the community is ready to adopt the program but the knowledge about the program is limited. Moreover, the researchers recommend that the community needs more involvement in seminars and trainings related to special education.

Keywords: special education, curriculum development, supervision and school management

304 6th international scholars’ conference 305 Education

Alvyn Hendriks UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

LVYN HENDRIKS IS A DOCTOR IN MINISTRY. HE IS A PROFESSOR AND THE DEAN OF THE THEOLOGY DEPARTMENT AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA.

Instructional Strategies: A Way of Integrating Faith and Learning in Higher Education Alvyn Hendriks and Anne Lou M. Hendriks Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Despite the vast research on the integration of faith and learning, little is known on how instructional strategies can enhance what true education necessitates, i.e. an IFL that prepares learners beyond the present life. This quantitative study explored the implementation of such strategies as perceived by students in higher education in West Indonesia. The findings revealed that to be more effective and powerful in IFL, instructional strategies play an important role—within and without the classroom setting. Implications of this study include the necessities for teachers’ knowledge on the effective application of instructional strategies.

Keywords: integration of faith and learning, instructional strategies, students, West Indonesia

304 6th international scholars’ conference 305 Ranjith Kingston Gladstone ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

RANJITH KINGSTON GLADSTONE, AN INDIAN, IS PRESENTLY A PHD CANDIDATE IN C&I FROM ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES. HE IS MARRIED TO CAROL LINDA KINGSTON, AN INDIAN WHO IS ALSO A PHD STUDENT IN ED AD AT ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES. THEY WERE BLESSED WITH A SON, CARL JASON KINGSTON. RANJITH KINGSTON GLADSTONE’S RESEARCH INTERESTS ARE IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY SPECIFICALLY IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS, SOCIAL SCIENCES, INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY, AND TRANSFORMATIVE LEARNING.

Sustainable Development Goals: Education and Its Practicality Ranjith Kingston Gladstone Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies

Abstract: Transformative Learning in the 21st century is more than adult education. Transformative Learning could highly be possible in comparison with online education, since there is a personal touch of the teacher. However, online learning has become an alternative in the current higher educational system. The research objective was to systematize the existing literature in the current decade (2008-2018) on the relation between transformative learning and online learning at the micro-level. This study used meta-analysis as research method instead of using traditional literature review. Further, the study allows comparing estimate from studies focusing on transformative learning and online learning. Data are analyzed, method were identified, control variables, and/or sample selected. Additionally, it focused on two effects: the impact of transformative learning on Higher Education students and the impact of transformative learning for online learners. The findings revealed the significance of transformative learning in Online Education.

Keywords: Transformative Learning, online learning, meta-analysis, higher education students

306 6th international scholars’ conference 307 Education

Mahaingam Varah ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

MAHAINGAM VARAH SERVES AS AN INSTRUCTOR IN THE FACULTY OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES AT ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY THAILAND. HE ALSO SERVES AS AN ASSOCIATE CHURCH PASTOR IN THE SAME UNIVERSITY.

Impediments to Research: Progress and Prospects Yongyuth Puriboriboon, Mahaingam Varah, Wayne Hamra Asia-Pacific International University

Abstract: This study’s purpose was twofold: a) to find out what progress, if any, a university located in Thailand has made in breaking down previously identified research barriers; and b) to provide practical suggestions on changes to university policies that would foster research in various departments. Data were collected from a questionnaire administered to the faculty (n = 84) of Asia-Pacific International University. Descriptive statistics and t-test were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that the university has achieved significant progress in breaking down past research barriers. The results showed that 77.3% of respondents had been published in the last five years (2013- 2018) as compared to 23.9% of respondents in an earlier study conducted in 2007. Progress has been made in reducing personal barriers to research. On the other hand, institutional barriers have apparently increased. Most respondents viewed “Heavy teaching and administrative loads” to be the greatest hindrance to their research. A remaining personal barrier for all groups is “Inadequate knowledge of statistics”. These findings can be used as guidelines for administrators to foster more effective research.

Keywords: impediments to research, research barriers, non-profit educational institutions

306 6th international scholars’ conference 307 Josephine P. Manapsal FRANCISCO OSORIO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL - DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION- CAVITE

DR. JOSEPHINE P. MANAPSAL IS A MASTER TEACHER II, DESIGNATED GUIDANCE COUNSELOR, RESEARCH FOCAL PERSON AND SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL COORDINATOR IN FRANCISCO OSORIO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, TRECE MARTIRES CITY, CAVITE. SHE IS A REGISTERED PSYCHOLOGIST AND A LICENSED PROFESSIONAL TEACHER. SHE HAS CONDUCTED SEVERAL RESEARCHES AND SEMINARS AND HAS ATTENDED TRAININGS. SHE ALSO HAS PUBLISHED HER DISSERTATION AND ARTICLES IN INTERNATIONAL JOURNALS. SHE IS ALSO A MEMBER OF DIFFERENT PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND A CO-HOST OF DWDD RADIO STATION EVERY SUNDAY.

Effects of Music Theraphy in solving Math Problems: Basis for developing solving with music (SolMus) program Josephine P. Manapsal, Rovel A. Aparicio and Nenita V. Del Rosario Francisco Osorio National High School - Department of Education- Cavite

Abstract: This study examined the effect of mood calming music in math problem solving.Experimental research design was used in the study among 32 Grade 11 students who are “at-risk” in General Mathematics. The experimental group (N = 16) listened to mood calming music while they are solving math problems in a conducive well-lighted and ventilated environment; meanwhile, the control group (N = 16) were given the same room condition without treatment. Ten-item math problems equivalent to 40 points were given to the participants to solve in one-hour period. The results revealed that the test scores in the Mathematics problem solving for the control and experimental groups are 14.31 (SD = 2.24), and 17.31 (SD = 3.96), respectively. Using Independent Sample t-test, the result showed that the difference between the two means is significant (t = 2.64, df = 30, p = .013). Learning difficulty in math can be enhanced by incorporating music to increase test scores. Thus, this study would serve as a basis for developing the SolMus program.

Keywords: math learning difficulty, students-at-risk

308 6th international scholars’ conference 309 Education

Nelson Balisar Panjaitan UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA

MR. NELSON BALISAR PANJAITAN TOOK HIS MASTER’S DEGREE IN ENGLISH EDUCATION FROM ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN SILANG, CAVITE. CURRENTLY, HE IS A LECTURER AT THE UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA. HIS RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE TECHNIQUES IN IMPROVING STUDENTS’ READING AND WRITING ACHIEVEMENT.

A Comparison Study between Peer Feedback Technique and Group Feedback Technique in Improving Students’ Writing Achievement in Writing Recount Text Ester J. E. W. Ndruru and Nelson Balisar Panjaitan Universitas Advent Indonesia

Abstract: Senior High School students still have difficulty in writing recount text. Their usual problem is the lack of finding ideas, lack of confidence and their weak motive to write in English. The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is significant difference of students’ writing achievement in writing recount text between those who were taught using Peer Feedback technique and those who were taught using Group Feedback technique. This quantitative research used comparative design. The population of this research were all the X students while the sample were the X-1 IPS students and X-2 IPS students. The instrument used in this research is writing recount text test. The result showed that there is no significant difference in the students’ achievement in writing recount text between groups who were exposed to peer feedback technique and group feedback technique. Even the difference is not significant, this study indicated that both Peer Feedback and Group Feedback technique can enhance students’ writing recount text.

Keywords: recount text, Peer Feedback, Group Feedback

308 6th international scholars’ conference 309 Teofilo Esguerra Jr. ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

TEOFILO ESGUERRA JR. IS A FACULTY MEMBER OF THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE IS CURRENTLY COMPLETING HIS PHD. IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AT ADVENTIST INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES (AIIAS), PROPOSING A DISSERTATION ON SPIRITUALITY IN ADVENTIST HIGHER EDUCATION.

Spirituality in Higher Education: A Conceptual Framework Teofilo C. Esguerra Jr. Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Spirituality is defined as a vague concept. However, interest in spirituality’s role in higher education has given rise to many different points of view of its impact to stakeholders and educational outcomes. This study reviewed at least 70 studies published within the last decade that explored different facets of spirituality as applied in higher educational institutions and their stakeholders, including students, administrators, and faculty. Noting descriptions, findings, and recommendations from the different studies, the paper did simple textual analysis using Nvivo software and found eight prevalent dimensions to spirituality: church, developmental contexts, faculty spirituality, faith, God, institutional mission and vision, social contexts, and leadership. Although not exhaustive, these aspects indicate a clearer description of what researches can refine when working with spirituality as a variable or object of study. One of this study’s recommendations is for administrators to focus on student services and academic engagement as areas of concern when dealing with spirituality in the higher education institution.

Keywords: spirituality, faith, higher education

310 6th international scholars’ conference 311 Education

Dr. Ruth P. Javien ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

DR. RUTH P. JAVIEN IS THE DIRECTOR OF RECORDS AND ADMISSIONS AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES.

An Investigation on the Number of Freshmen Students Sent by Seventh-day Adventist Academies to Adventist University of the Philippines: Basis for Promotional Strategies Ruth P. Javien, Marievec Baret, Jackilyn Bicua, Liezel Edquilang, Rosalinda Franche, Marikit Gayoba, Cherry Latigay, Darlene Riano, May Shiell Sonio Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: This study determined the number of students sent by the Seventh-day Adventist academies to Adventist University of the Philippines (AUP). This study employed descriptive internal desk research method in the data collection and analysis. The data were taken from the application forms accomplished by the 1,263 freshmen students who came and studied at AUP from Academic Year 2012-2017. Frequency was used to describe the number of students from different academies. The results of the study revealed the number of students from the different academies in the country from the highest to the lowest number of students sent to AUP. Rank no. 1 in the list is AUP academy with a total of 400 freshmen students, rank no. 2 is Lipa Adventist Academy with a total of 120 freshmen students, rank no. 3 is Central Luzon Adventist Academy with a total of 79 freshmen students, rank no.4 is Northeast Luzon Adventist Academy with a total of 54 freshmen students and rank no. 5 is Pasay City Adventist Academy with a total of 51 freshmen students and the rest of the Seventh-day Adventist academies in the country. The researcher recommends that the marketing department of AUP should do something in order to have many freshmen students from our Seventh-day Adventist academies. After knowing the results of the study, it is time to promote to the academies which have minimal to no students sent to AUP.

Keywords: Seventh-day Adventist Academies, promotional strategies

310 6th international scholars’ conference 311 Dominic C. Cabauatan ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

Teachers’ Perspectives on the Integration of Online Collaborative Tool for Teaching Dominic C. Cabauatan Isabela State University

Abstract: The study determined the perspectives of the teachers on the integration of online collaborative tools for teaching. Specifically, it aimed to identify the online collaborative tools used; determine the problems or challenges encountered; describe the perception of the teachers on the use of online collaborative tool; identify the needs of the teachers; and determine the significant difference on the perception of the teachers. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the study. Thirteen ICT teachers and 30 non-ICT teachers served as the participants of the study. Results revealed that Edmodo, Skype, Yahoo Groups, Google Apps and Facebook Group are the online collaborative tools used. The problems encountered include unavailability of Internet connectivity, absence of real time feedback, limited uploaded file capacity, insufficient time for posting, checking, uploading and downloading. Likewise, teachers perceived favorable perception on the use of online collaborative tool for teaching. The needs of the teachers include viewing of class standing, free Internet connectivity, user-friendly collaborative tool, file sharing, availability of computers. Further, the study pointed out that there is no significant difference on the mean perception. It is recommended that online collaborative tool must be utilized recognizing its potential use in the teaching- learning context.

Keywords: ICT, online collaborative tool, perception, teaching, collaboration, Internet

312 6th international scholars’ conference 313 Education

Rufina P. Francisco ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

RUFINA P. FRANCISCO HOLDS A PHD IN PSYCHOLOGY MAJOR IN EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AND IS THE CURRENT CHAIR OF THE ELEMENTARY EDUCATION DEPARTMENT AT AUP. SHE HAS BEEN AN EDUCATOR FOR THE LAST 30 YEARS. AND HAS PRESENTED HER RESEARCH FINDINGS IN VARIOUS INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL CONFERENCES.

Kindergartens’ Short Attention Span in School: A Case Study Krislyn Mae P. Fiedacan, Ainee Joy B. Fetizanan, Esther Crista J. Jumantoc, Abbygale C. Mabituin, Monica N. Yanson and Rufina P. Francisco Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Attention-span is the interval of concentration on a single activity or idea. The lower the age of the child, the shorter his/her attention span is. Studies on kindergarten-level attention span are sparse. This qualitative study aimed to find out factors affecting short attention span among kindergarten pupils in school. Using a case study design, two observed pupils identified with short attention span, one teacher from each of the two selected private schools with at least three years of experience, and two mothers were purposively sampled and interviewed. The researchers observed kindergartens’ classroom behavior, recorded the data, documented necessary information for data analysis, and interviewed the participants. Data were transcribed and analyzed through the Seidel’s Qualitative Data Analysis Model (1998). Findings showed the factors affecting the attention span of kindergarten pupils are: lack of interest to the activity, poor health, and over exposure to electronic gadgets. These factors make the pupils’ attention span shorter than the average which eventually results to the difficulty in maintaining the child’s attention to a given task and minimal class participation that leads to compromised learning. Enjoyable activities like singing and dancing and utilization of reinforcements and motivations help both teachers and parents to address the aforementioned challenges. Future researchers can give full attention on how to improve the child’s attention span and investigate more if having short attention span is normal to young children in this generation.

Keywords: attention span, short attention span, Kindergarten Pupils

312 6th international scholars’ conference 313 Arjem Noryn Caringal-Agum ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

ARJEM NORYN CARINGAL-AGUM, IS THE EDITOR AND ONE OF THE CONSULTANTS OF THE ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES RESEARCH OFFICE. HER TEACHING PASSION ENTHUSED HER TO ORGANIZE FREE ENGLISH TUTORIAL FOR THE INDIGENOUS STUDENTS IN AUP WITH THE SUPPORT FROM THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY EXTENSION SERVICES.

College Life Experiences, Satisfaction, and Estimated Gains of Graduating Seniors Jolly S. Balila and Arjem Noryn Caringal-Agum Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Students’ satisfaction data helps in making curriculum more effective and responsive. The researchers saw the need to conduct an exit survey for institutional improvement; hence, this study was conceptualized. The study assessed the college life experiences, satisfaction, and estimated gains which measured the skills and competencies developed during the university students’ stay at the Adventist University of the Philippines (AUP). The exit survey was yearly administered to graduating seniors for three consecutive years with a total number of 152, 138, and 130, respectively during the school year 2014-2015, 2015-2016, and 2016-2017. Using descriptive statistics, results revealed that the graduating seniors for three consecutive years have good and commendable college life experiences in terms of academic learning and students-faculty interaction. However, the graduating seniors perceived that they have fair college life experiences in terms of co-curricular and extra-curricular activities. The satisfaction level of the administrative, academic, and support services is moderate. The level of gains acquired by the graduating seniors is very high for three consecutive years. The degree of satisfaction of the graduating seniors in their quality of vertical and horizontal relationship is high. The practical implications of the findings and possible future research directions were identified in this study.

Keywords: satisfaction, college life experiences, estimated gains, exit survey

314 6th international scholars’ conference 315 Education

Rey Lobo Gelladuga ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

REY LOBO GELLADUGA, MBA IS SERVING AS ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION SINCE 1998. HE FINISHED HIS MBA DEGREE IN 2005 AT ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. HE IS NOW PURSUING HIS DOCTORAL DEGREE IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION.

Technology and Livelihood Education Graduates’ Low Performance in the Licensure Examination for Teachers: A Phenomenological Study Gliddy Fernadez, Larry Tabianan, Niez Dayson, Rey L. Gelladuga Adventist University of the Philippines

Abstract: Among the major areas in the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) in a higher educational institution in CALABARZON area, Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) ranks the lowest. This qualitative study explored reasons of TLE graduates’ low performance. Using phenomenological design, four participants were purposively sampled and interviewed one-on-one. Interview data were transcribed and analyzed using Colaizzi’s method. Findings show that the reasons leading to the participants’ low LET performance were: curriculum misalignment, inadequate facilities, unavailability of well-maintained laboratory tools, demotivation to study, lack of TLE faculty, long process for laboratory budget and requisition, and misaligned faculty specialization. Participants gave suggestions on how TEIs can adequately prepare TLE graduates for LET: aligning curriculum with national standards, hiring of additional expert faculty, adequate provision of facilities, and further support for LET preparation. It can be concluded that low LET performance is influenced by TEI curriculum and instruction. Mixed method studies may be conducted using these findings to investigate graduates’ TLE performance nationwide.

Keywords: technology, livelihood education, performance, licensure examination

314 6th international scholars’ conference 315 Phanommas Bamrungsin FACULTY OF EDUCATION, MAHAMAKUT BUDDHIST UNIVERSITY, MAHAPAJAPATI BUDDHIST COLLEGE, NAKHON RATCHASIMA, THAILAND

PHANOMMAS BAMRUNGSIN IS A MBC FULLTIME LECTURER AND THE EXCLUSIVE SECRETARY OF THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION. SHE HOLDS BSC. IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH FROM SURANAREE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, THAILAND AND B. ED IN EDUCATION FROM ASIA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, THAILAND.

A Study of University Students’ Public Relations and Recruitment Strategies for ASEAN Opening Community and the 21st Century Udomtheerakhun, Phanommas Bamrungsin and Srisalab Upamai Faculty of Education, Mahamakut Buddhist University, Mahapajapati Buddhist College, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

Abstract: Presently, Thai higher education institutions are more aware of the continual reducing numbers of higher education admission of Thai students which is lower than the provided seats in universities. Hence, the students’ Public Relations and Recruitment Strategies (PRRS) are considered to be the necessary strategies to solve this difficult situation especially in the new challenges of ASEAN opening community and the 21st century era. Therefore, “A study of university students’ PRRS for ASEAN opening community and the 21st century” was conducted. The purposes of this research were to 1) study the important channels of PRRS and 2) provide the effective strategies of PRRS in this era. The survey research was conducted by using the seven main indicators as a tool of research to search the PRRS information on the websites of 27 Thai Autonomous Public Universities (TAPU). The data of each indicator were analyzed in to percentage and ordered them. The findings show that mostly TAPUs provided the important channels of PRRS such as online admission application form, electronic posters, Facebook, call centers, radio, and Youtube. Hence, it was recommended that the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) strategy should be utilized for this era as well.

Keywords: students’ recruitment, public relations, university students, reducing, 21st century

316 6th international scholars’ conference 317 Sponsors Sponsors

Dr. Elmer and Mrs. Lorie Bangloy

316 6th international scholars’ conference 317 Mr. Rafael & Mrs. Lita Laoyan

Drs. Jose and Eppie Manalo

318 6th international scholars’ conference 319 Sponsors

Dr. Corazon Banaga

Dr. & Mrs. Benjamin Francisco Jr. and Family

318 6th international scholars’ conference 319 Dr. Armando Soriano and Family

Mr. Ronald Labisto

320 6th international scholars’ conference 321 Sponsors

FOR32 8th ERStreet, ON New T BOO Manila, K QuezonCo., Inc City 1112 Philippines

Tels. (632) 722-6855/721-6252 Fax (632) 722-4770 Call PLDT Toll Free Outside MM 1800 FBCo (3226)

Mr. Henry and Mrs. Ruth Galang

320 6th international scholars’ conference 321 Drs. Jesse & Elizabeth Role

Dr. Serafin & Mrs. Angela Lalas and Family

322 6th international scholars’ conference 323 Sponsors Mr. Adam, Mrs. Janelle and Ava Novielli

Mr. Sigfred Kit Lagajino and Ms. Paola Maria T. Villena

322 6th international scholars’ conference 323 Mr. Ben & Mrs. Gilden Perez

Mr. Nestor & Mrs. Jan Caballero

324 6th international scholars’ conference 325 Sponsors

Dr. Eva Castillo and Family

EDITA DACUYCUY

REFMAD Farm

324 6th international scholars’ conference 325 Senior Chief Vic Navarro

Mr. & Mrs. Nanette Tugade

326 6th international scholars’ conference 327 Mapayapa Belview Inc., Inc. Hardware

326 6th international scholars’ conference 327