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GEN Y and the WORLD of WORK a Report Into the Workplace Needs, Attitudes and Aspirations of Gen Y Russia

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GEN Y and the WORLD of WORK a Report Into the Workplace Needs, Attitudes and Aspirations of Gen Y Russia RUSSIA GEN Y AND THE WORLD OF WORK A report into the workplace needs, attitudes and aspirations of Gen Y Russia 1 GEN Y AND THE WORLD OF WORK CONTENTS FOREWORD FOREWORD 3 In 1939, Winston Churchill famously described It is in this context that Gen Y Russia—those born Russia as “a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an between 1983 and 1995—have grown up. They have SUMMARY OF OUR RESEARCH 4 enigma”. Russia, the largest country in the world, lived through turbulent times, but with an availability spans 11 time zones and is a land of extremes. Lake of technology and new social freedoms that were 1. GEN Y RUSSIA AND THE WORLD OF WORK 6 Baikal in Siberia is the deepest lake in the world not available to their parents they should have an and holds roughly one fifth of the world’s fresh opportunity to prosper. Instability, though, is never water. Mount Elbrus, near Russia’s border with far away. Much, of course, will depend upon how the 2. LEADERSHIP 10 Georgia, is Europe’s largest mountain. Russia also rest of the world responds to the crisis in Ukraine and has a rich array of natural resources at its disposal. how Russian foreign policy is acted out in the Crimea. 3. ENTREPRENEURSHIP 12 It is the second largest producer of dry natural gas in the world and the third largest oil producer.1 Several key areas are explored in this report based 4. ATTRACT 16 on answers given by 1,000 Russian 18–30-year-olds The country has undergone dramatic political and about their attitudes to issues surrounding their work 5. RETAIN 20 economic change over the last few decades and that and careers. We wanted to know what attracts them continues to the present day. Emerging from years of to a potential employer and what makes them stay in 6. TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIAL MEDIA AT WORK 24 communist rule, Mikhail Gorbachev sought to reform a job. We asked what they look for in an ideal boss and and restructure the Soviet economy in the mid 1980s what they regard as markers of success in their careers. ABOUT HAYS 26 through ‘glasnost’ and ‘perestroika’, allowing more We explored their attitudes to changing jobs and transparency, certain economic freedoms and the starting their own businesses. Further, we asked about SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 27 expansion of trade that was not state-controlled—the their use of social media that is transforming the way Komsomol economy. Just as the economy accelerated, people communicate at work and in their leisure time. in 1991 the former Soviet Union fell apart. By then many state assets had fallen into private ownership and Our findings show that Russia is a different place to whilst individual and political freedoms were increasing, the other economies that we have explored so far in so was the country’s debt burden. Vladimir Putin this series. Young Russians prioritise personal wealth succeeded Yeltsin as President with an initial agenda of creation, personal development and entrepreneurial law and order. Over time, with increased state control opportunities more highly than other countries of both the media, energy resources and the Duma surveyed. This also makes sense in the context of through Putin’s United Russia party, the country has the shift in the political situation and the economic become an authoritarian ‘sovereign democracy’ that change experienced in recent years. Yet in other has reduced the pace of democratisation. Following the ways they are similar to their counterparts elsewhere debt default in 1998, the Russian economy recovered in the world. This report offers insight and practical with growth rates reaching nearly eight per cent support for the HR community, managers and business on average between 2003 and 2007.2 Oil and gas leaders as they seek to understand and motivate revenues were central to this—they now account for this critical segment of the Russian labour market. more than 50 per cent of the federal budget revenues3 and 75 per cent of all Russian exports. Sensibly, the government built up substantial financial reserves4 and won popular support by increasing benefits, subsidising James Cullens state sector employment, paying unpaid wages and Group HR Director bringing prosperity to ordinary citizens.5 However, Hays balancing the budget will not be easy going forward. In 2005 the government was able to do this at an oil price of US$20 a barrel. In 2013 it needed a price of US$103. Given the low level of state debt, the government will be able to borrow more, but that could lead to higher inflation and a drop in living standards for many Russians—something that could trigger social unrest and a degree of political instability. 2 GEN Y AND THE WORLD OF WORK GEN Y AND THE WORLD OF WORK 3 SUMMARY OF OUR RESEARCH ABOUT OUR SURVEY For our eighth Hays report on the needs GENDER SPLIT YEARS IN WORK and aspirations of Gen Y worldwide, we asked young people in Russia to tell us how they see their future at work. 44% A total of 1,000 members of Gen Y Russia took part in our survey. A large proportion—38 per cent—are working Male Female in at least their second full time job, 51% 49% compared to a cross-country average of 15% 19 per cent. Only 17 per cent are students, 13% and 11 per cent are working part time. 11% 10% 7% The research explores what young Russian people look for in the world of work, what kind of career they 0–12 months 13–24 months 25–36 Over 3 years Not started Still in months working since full time aspire to, the rewards they expect AGE SPLIT completing education and what gives them job satisfaction. full time It throws light on the kind of working education 11.9% 11.8% environment they seek and the qualities 8.8% 9.7% 8.1% 8.1% 7.5% 7.8% they look for in their bosses. Finally 7.0% 7.0% 4.0% 3.8% 4.5% the research reveals some insights into CURRENT WORKING STATUS the way Gen Y Russia relate to social 38% media and technology. The findings 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 are invaluable for HR departments and organisations seeking to recruit, motivate and retain Gen Y Russia. REGIONAL 17% REPRESENTATION 13% 12% 11% 25.8% 8% 20.5% 16.9% 14.0% 1% 9.5% 8.6% 4.7% Working full Student/ Unemployed Working full Working Other Intern time—not first in full time and looking time—in first part time (up full time job education for work full time job to 35 hours (35 hours per (35 hours per per week) week or more) week or more) Ural Federal District Central Federal District Southern Federal District Siberian FederalFar District East Federal District Northwestern Federal District Volga Region Federal District PROFILE OF RESPONDENTS A total of 1,000 Russian 18–30-year-olds answered our survey. 50 per cent of our sample are working full time, a higher proportion than the 41 per cent average of other countries surveyed to date. 44 per cent have been in work for over three years. Respondents come from a number of sectors—ranging from consulting, banking and manufacturing through to sales roles—where the highest number of respondents work. Only 17 per cent are still in full time education, which is somewhat lower than the cross-country average of 27 per cent, while just over 11 per cent are working part time. 4 GEN Y AND THE WORLD OF WORK GEN Y AND THE WORLD OF WORK 5 1. GEN Y RUSSIA AND THE WORLD OF WORK The younger generation in Russia live in a world very different from the austerity and state control of their own parents’ youth. Personal and social freedom exist to a much greater degree than even a couple of decades ago. GEN Y RUSSIA’S One- party communist rule has been replaced with a form of ‘sovereign IDEAL BOSS: democracy’ with the same man holding either the role of President and Prime Minister continuously since 2000, with every possibility that he will remain in office until 2024. State capitalism exists alongside some commitment to free markets. The country is reliant on natural resources and the economy is in desperate need of diversification and reform. The population is in decline, increasing the burden on the younger generation as they move into management and leadership roles. The 58% 51% 25% 24% country is perhaps at an inflection point where much change is needed, making it DIRECTOR/ LEADER CONFIDANT/ ADVISOR an interesting time to be a member of Gen Y Russia. ALLOCATOR DISCUSS PRIVATE & OF WORK WORK MATTERS Despite some of the increased personal freedoms the Russian people have experienced over recent decades, the state has become increasingly authoritarian MOST IMPORTANT in many areas of life. It is clear from our 21% 11% 7% FACTORS IN THE survey that younger people want to exert PEER FRIEND COACH/MENTOR more control over their own destiny, WORKING ENVIRONMENT: develop their skills and capabilities and build financial independence. I’LL RUN MY OWN BUSINESS of the Russian version of Facebook called acquiring knowledge and expertise as an Vkontakte.ru, and Maxim Nogotkov, founder important priority. These are powerful PLEASE TELL ME WHAT TO DO Our survey shows that in addition to the of Svyaznoy Bank, a mobile devices retailer needs in combination. Our sample also and consumer banking services provider. see opportunities for self-development Russian history has seen many authoritarian 11 per cent of our Gen Y Russia sample as critical to their future and one of the leaders who have thrived on control and who are already self-employed, a further So important is the need to continue to building blocks of a successful career.
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