Contents 12 | Geography of the Region 13 | Transportation Network Chapter 2: Regional Overview Michiana on the Move
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Contents 12 | Geography of the Region 13 | Transportation Network Chapter 2: Regional Overview Michiana on the Move Figure 2-2: Region Location 2 Geography of the Region The MACOG region is located in North Central Indiana and consists The region is centrally located to several major cities in the Mid- of Elkhart, Kosciusko, Marshall and St. Joseph Counties. Two of the west. South Bend (the largest city in the region) is located 95 miles four counties (St. Joseph and Elkhart Counties) border the Michigan or two and a half (2 1/2) hours of drive time east of downtown Chi- state line. There are 35 cities and towns in the Michiana Area. Fig- cago, 155 miles or three (3) hours north of downtown Indianapo- ure 2-1 shows the population estimates for the largest communities lis, and 215 miles or three and a half (3 1/2) hours southwest of in each of the four counties. Detroit. Additionally, the region is approximately 35 miles or 45 minutes south east from Lake Michigan. Figure 2-1: 2013 Estimated Population Ranking of Cities and Towns 12 Chapter 2: Regional Overview 2040 Transportation Plan The MACOG region is home to several fascinating water resources. region, more than half being located within Kosciusko County. Many The region is unique in that its water resources drain into three ma- of these lakes are hot spots for recreation, such as Lake Wawasee, jor water body networks: the Great Lakes, the Mississippi River, and the largest lake wholly contained in Indiana. Below the surface, the only sole source aquifer in Indiana is located within Elkhart, Kos- St. Joseph River via the Elkhart River and other tributaries, and fur- ciusko, and St. Joseph Counties. This portion of the region is des- therthe Ohio drains River. into A Lake large Michigan. portion ofOver the 130 region’s natural water lakes flows occur into in the ignated as a Wellhead Protection Area, meaning that it receives a special level of protection from groundwater contamination. Figure 2-3: Roadway Network Transportation Network The transportation network is more than roads and highways; it includes public transportation, bicycle and pedestrian paths and the movement of freight. It is not just one of these elements, but all - portation network for people and products to move throughout the region.of them working together, to create an efficient and effective trans Roads and Highways The MACOG region is comprised of over 6,554 miles of roadway, providing connectivity and access, both locally and regionally. At its most basic, the roadway network can be separated into three cate- gories: the national highway system, state facilities, and local facili- their intended character of service, into interstates, expressways, principalties. Furthermore, and minor roadways arterials, are major functionally and minor classified, collectors, based and uponlocal roads. The transportation network is always evolving and because of this it is important to identify and address changes, challenges, and opportunities that might occur in the future through the vision- ing of the transportation planning process. National Highway System The National Highways System (NHS) contains roads and highways important to the nation’s economy, defense, and mobility and there- fore should be given the highest priority for improvements and re- pairs. Within in the MACOG region there is one corridor that is part of the Eisenhower Interstate System: I-80/I-90 (Indiana Toll Road). Chapter 2: Regional Overview 13 Michiana on the Move This interstate runs through the northern portion of the region, 7,359 crashes. traveling all the way from California to New York. Other highways that are part of the NHS include US 31, US 20, US 33, US 30, SR 120, Every crash is recorded as either property damage only, fatal crash- es, incapacitating injuries, non-incapacitating injuries, and possible - injuries. The large majority of crashes tend to be property dam- tionSR 19, category. SR 23 and This SR includes 331. MAP-21 roads suchredefined as Lincolnway, the National Western Highway Av- age only, resulting in no injuries. In 2013, 86 percent of crashes in enue,System Main to include Street (Mishawaka)Other Principle McKinley Arterials, Highway a functional (Old US classifica 20), CR Elkhart County, Marshall County, and Kosciusko County were prop- 6 and CR 17. erty damage only crashes. St. Joseph County experience a higher percentage of injury related crashes with only 80 percent of crashes Regional State Facilities being recorded as property damage only. Elkhart County has the State highways are generally a mixture of primary and secondary highest number of fatal crashes, 20, in 2013 followed by 17 fatal roads intended to provide regional connectivity between the cities crashes in St. Joseph County, 12 in Marshall County, and 6 in Kos- and towns within the state. For the MACOG region, SR 2, SR 4, SR ciusko County. 120, SR 933 (Lincolnway), US 6, US 20 and US 30 provide east-west connections inside and outside the region. For north-south connec- Figure 2-5 represents the percent of injuries sustained in each tion, SR 23, SR 331, SR 19, SR 15, SR 13, US 31 and US 33 provide county from 2009 to 2013. Elkhart and Kosciusko Counties have connection inside and outside the region. exhibited an upward trend of injuries related to crashes. Elkhart County has seen an increase from 1,119 injuries in 2009 to 1,371 Local Facilities injuries corresponding from crashes in 2013. Kosciusko County The Michiana area has an extensive network of arterial and collec- experienced an increase from 471 injuries in 2009 to 548 injuries tor roadways that provide access and connectivity for a high volume in 2013. These injury increases largely stem from increases in non- incapacitating injuries rather than fatalities and incapacitating incorporated towns and cities, accommodating travel demand. In injuries. Even though St. Joseph County records the most injuries total,of vehicular 35 cities traffic. and towns These arenetworks connected are byextended the network to other within smaller the MACOG region. Figure 2-4: Number of Crashes by County from 2009-2013 Safety The region has experienced a slight increase in vehicle crashes re- cently with a total of 18,117 crashes in 2013. From 2009 to 2013, crashes in Kosciusko and Marshall Counties remained relatively range of 2,200 to 2,500 crashes in Kosciusko County and 1,300 to 1,500flat, consistent crashes in with Marshall daily County.vehicle milesElkhart traveled, County stayinghas seen within a slight a increase in crashes since 2011 from 5,962 crashes in 2011 to 6,952 crashes in 2013. Crashes in St. Joseph County decreased from 2009 to 2012; however, in 2013 crashes increased from 6,636 in 2012 to 14 Chapter 2: Regional Overview 2040 Transportation Plan Figure 2-5: Percentage of Crashes Resulting in Injury by Type of Injury from crashes, the number of injuries has remained relatively simi- Asset Management lar from 2009 to 2013. Marshall County is the only county in the re- Asset management provides local public agencies a method for gion to record lower injury numbers from crashes, decreasing from compiling important information about their assets in order to be 351 injures in 2009 to 266 in 2013. able to formulate quality management strategies for current and future time periods. According to Federal Highway Administration MAP-21, continued the Highway Safety Improvement Program (FHWA), (HSIP), emphasizing the importance of dedicating funding to con- tinually increase safety conditions in the transportation network. “Asset management is a strategic and systematic pro- - cess of operating, maintaining, and improving physi- cal assets, with a focus on engineering and economic dataThis fundingthrough is the applied Automated to projects Reporting that will Information significantly Exchange reduce trafSys- analysis based upon quality information, to identify a temfic fatalities (ARIES). and Through serious geographic injuries. information MACOG utilizes system the applications, State crash structured sequence of maintenance, preservation, re- MACOG maps and analyze the location of crashes in order to effec- pair, rehabilitation, and replacement actions that will achieve and sustain a desired state of good repair over from safety enhancements. MACOG continually strives to improve the lifecycle of the assets at minimum practicable cost.” thetively safety determine of the transportation which segments system of roadway within the would region most in order benefit to (23 U.S.C. 101(A)(2), MAP-21 § 1103) reverse increasing crash rates. The transportation network is a critical infrastructure asset for the Chapter 2: Regional Overview 15 Michiana on the Move Figure 2-6: Regional Public Transit criteria, allowing for better budgeting and targeted improvements of the road infrastructure. Public Transit Public transit is an integral part of the transportation system, providing anoth- er mode choice for transportation. This includes providing options for senior citizens, the young, disabled and eco- nomically disadvantaged populations. all populations access to businesses, healthProviding care efficient facilities, public employment, transit allows and recreation. For this reason, public tran- sit is a crucial link to a stable economy and a better quality of life. Choosing public transit can also yield environ- and lessening automotive emissions. mental benefits, lowering congestion Currently, the people living in the MA- region and local public agencies. Preservation and maintenance are route public transit services in the urbanized areas and a variety of and reliable. Asset management can maximize life cycle costs, being COG region are served by two fixed- akey cost for effective ensuring practice that the in network comparison remains to reconstruction safe for travel, activities. efficient, service throughout South Bend and Mishawaka. The Interurban INDOT estimates that $1 spent on pavement preservation can save Trolleytravel options serves (SeeElkhart, Figure Goshen, 2-6). andTranspo major provides points offixed-route commerce bus in $6 to $14 on future repairs.