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Environment Impact Assessment Draft Copy September, 2016

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Environment Impact Assessment Draft Copy September, 2016 NATIONAL HIGHWAY AUTHORITY FEASIBILITY STUDY AND DETAILED DESIGN OF DUALIZATION OF OLD BANNU ROAD KM 1040+000-1050+000 & KM 1088+000-1167+000 Environment Impact Assessment Draft Copy September, 2016 Sr. No. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Executive Summary E-1 List of Abbreviations Vi Table of Contents i SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 1.0 Project Background 1 -1 1.1 Need of the Project 1-2 1.2 Magnitude of the Project 1-2 1.3 Project Objective 1-3 1.4 Objectives of EIA Study 1-3 1.5 Scope of Study 1-4 1.6 The Proponent and Consultant 1-5 1.7 Project Implementation Schedule 1-5 1.8 Study Approach and Methodology 1-6 1.9 Structure of the Report 1-8 SECTION 2: POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORKS 2.0 Policy Framework 2-1 2.0.1 National Environment Policy, 2005 2-1 2.1 Legal Framework 2-1 2.1.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 2-1 2.1.2 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, Review of IEE/EIA 2-2 regulation, 2000 2.1.3 Environmental Assessment Guidelines 2-3 2.1.4 Pakistan National Conservation Strategy 2-3 2.1.5 Provincial Local Government Ordinance, 2001 2-4 2.1.6 Relevant Laws 2-4 2.1.7 Preservation of Cultural Heritage 2-5 2.1.8 Toxic and Hazardous Waste 2-5 2.1.9 National Environmental Quality Standards 2-6 2.2 Administrative Framework 2-10 2.2.1 National Highway Authority 2-10 i 2.2.2 Environmental Protection Agency, Khyper Pakhtunkhwa 2-10 2.2.3 Khyper Pakhtunkhwa Forest Department 2-11 2.2.4 Khyper Pakhtunkhwa Wild Life Department 2-11 2.2.5 Khyper Pakhtunkhwa Revenue Department 2-11 SECTION 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 3.0 General 3-1 3.1 Main Beneficiaries of the Project 3-1 3.2 Scope of Work 3-2 3.3 Location of the Project 3-2 3.4 Identification of Zone of Influence 3-3 3.5 Project Administrative Jurisdiction 3-3 3.6 Period of Implementation 3-4 3.7 Project Cost 3-4 3.8 Components of the Project 3-4 3.9 Geometric Design of the Proposed Road Project 3-5 3.10 Traffic Forecast 3-6 3.10.1 Traffic Count 3-6 3.11 Construction Camps 3-9 3.12 Construction Equipment 3-10 SECTION 4: ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE PROFILE 4.0. General 4-1 4.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 4-1 4.1.1. Geographical Representation of the Area 4-1 4.1.2. Topography 4-2 4.1.3. Seismicity of the Area 4-5 4.1.4. Location of Bannu District with respect to Seismic Zone of Pakistan 4-6 4.1.5. Water Resources 4-7 4.1.6. Climate of the Project Area 4-8 4.1.6.1. Temperature 4-8 4.1.6.2. Rainfall Patterns 4-9 4.1.6.3. Precipitation 4-10 4.1.6.4. Wind Speed 4-11 ii 4.1.7. Geology and Soil 4-11 4.1.8. Solid Waste Management 4-12 4.2. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 4-12 4.2.1. Agriculture 4-12 4.2.2. Floristic Composition of the Area 4-13 4.2.3. Fauna 4-16 4.2.3.1. Mammals 4-16 4.2.3.2. Reptiles 4-17 4.2.3.3. Amphibians 4-17 4.2.3.4. Birds 4-17 4.2.3.5. Critical Habitats 4-18 4.2.3.6. Protected Area 4-18 4.2.3.7. Present Status of Ecological Resource and Biodiversity 4-18 4.3. SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT 4-18 4.3.1. Administrative Setup 4-18 4.3.2. Population 4-19 4.3.3. Education 4-19 4.3.4. Religion 4-19 4.3.5. Languages 4-19 4.3.6. Health Facilities 4-19 4.3.7. Source of Drinking Water 4-19 4.3.8. Electricity 4-20 4.3.9. Hygienic Condition 4-20 4.3.10. Irrigation 4-20 4.3.11. Main Occupation 4-20 4.3.12. Public Utilities 4-20 4.3.13 Acquisition of Land 4-20 SECTION 4: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 5.0. Environmental Impact Matrices 5-1 5.1. Potential Impact Sources 5-2 5.2. IMPACT ANALYSIS DURING DESIGN/PRE CONSTRUCTION 5-5 PHASE 5.2.1. Impact on Income/Livelihood 5-5 iii 5.2.2 Impact on Land Uses 5-5 5.2.3. Change in Aesthetics 5-6 5.2.4. Solid Waste Management 5-6 5.2.5. Resource Mobilization 5-6 5.2.6. Changes in Hydraulic Regimes 5-7 5.3. IMPACT ANALYSIS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE 5.3.1. Topography 5-7 5.3.2. Air Quality 5-8 5.3.3. Noise and Vibration from Construction Works 5-9 5.3.4. Smoke Burning of Waste Material or Burning Firewood 5-10 5.3.5. Dust Pollution 5-10 5.3.6. Damage to Cross Drainage 5-10 5.3.7. Location of Labour Camps and Equipment Yard 5-11 5.3.8. Solid Waste from Construction Materials 5-11 5.3.9. Solid Waste and Sanitation at Labour Camps 5-12 5.3.10. Flood Condition 5-12 5.3.11. Soil Erosion 5-13 5.3.12. Release of Construction Water and Dumping of Soil 5-14 5.3.13. Traffic Impact 5-14 5.3.14. Impact on Surface Water 5-14 5.3.15. Impact on Ground Water 5-15 5.3.16. Impact on Sourcing of Construction Water 5-15 5.3.17. Impact on Drinking Water Sources 5-15 5.3.18. Obstruction of the Flow of Water for Stream Crossing the Road 5-16 5.3.19. Impact on Roads / Infrastructure Used for Transportation of 5-16 Construction Material 5.3.20. Impacts on Heavy Vehicles on the Existing Road Network 5-16 5.3.21 Health and Safety 5-17 5.3.22 Waste and Hazardous Waste 5-19 5.3.23 Impacts of Waste Disposal at Site 5-19 5.3.24 Impacts of Borrowing Site 5-20 5.3.25 Loss of Agricultural Land 5-21 5.3.26 Impact on Floral Diversity 5-21 5.3.27 Impacts on Fauna 5-22 iv 5.3.28 Impact on Protected Areas 5-22 5.3.29 Socio-Economic Impact 5-22 5.3.30. Impact on Public Utilities 5-22 5.3.31 Land Acquisition 5-23 5.4. IMPACT ANALYSIS DURING OPERATION PHASE 5-23 5.4.1. Air Quality and Noise 5-23 5.4.2. Impact on Road Safety 5-24 5.4.3. Impact on Drainage Pattern 5-25 5.4.4. Emergency Management 5-25 5.4.5. Deterioration of Vehicles 5-25 5.4.6. Economic Boost 5-25 5.4.7. Change in Aesthetic Value 5-26 SECTION 6: PUBLIC CONSULTATION 6-1 SECTION 7: ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT 7-1 7.0. General 7-1 7.1. Economic Benefits 7-1 SECTION 8: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN 8.0. General 8-1 8.1. Implementation of Mitigation Plan 8-1 8.2. Objective of EMP 8-1 8.3. Roles and Responsibilities 8-2 8.3.1. EMMP Implementation Responsibility 8-2 8.4. Management and Monitoring 8-5 8.4.1. During Construction Phase 8-5 8.4.2. During Operation Phase 8-6 8.5. Checklists of Environmental Monitoring 8-7 8.6. Environmental Monitoring Plan 8-9 8.7. Affected Trees 8-21 SECTION 9: CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS 9-1 v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials DOW District Officer Wildlife EALS Environment Afforestation Land and Social EMMP Environment Management and Monitoring Plan EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EPD Environment Protection Department EMP Environment Management Plan FHA Frontier Highway Authority GoP Government of Pakistan GHG Green House Gas IEE Initial Environmental Examination KPK-EPA Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Environmental Protection Agency LAA Land Acquisition Act LAC Land Acquisition Collector MVE Motor Vehicle Examiners NEQs National Environmental Quality Standards NOC No Objection Certificate NCS National Conservation Strategy NHA National Highway Authority PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Act PPC Pakistan Panel Code PEPC Pakistan Environment Protection Council RE Resident Engineer ROW Right of Way PPE Personal Protective Equipment USEPA United States Environment Protection Agency WHO World Health Organization vi LIST OF TABLES Table 3-1 Main Components of the Project Table 3-2 Number of Structures Proposed in the Project Table 3-3 Total Estimated Traffic Count Table 3-4 Machinery and Equipment Requirement Table 4-1 Meteorological Data Pertaining to Project Site and Surroundings Table 4-2 Major Rabi Crops Table 4-3 Major Kharif Crops Table 4-4 Plant Diversity in District Bannu Table 4-5 Tree Species Table 4-6 Herbal Species Table 4-7 Shrubs Table 4-8 Grass Species Table 4-9 Common Mammalia Table 4-10 Avifauna Species Table 5-1 Environmental Checklist Table 5-2 Evaluation of Environmental and Social Impacts Table 8-1 Roles and Responsibilities Table 8-2 (a) Environmental Management Plan Table 8-2 (b) Operational Phase LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3-1 Location of the Project Figure 4-1 Location of Water Bodies Traverse the Project Area Figure 4-2 Western Mountain Ranges Figure 4-3 Natural Topography Including Drainage Pattern Figure 4-4 Map Showing the Seismic Characteristics of the Area Figure 4-5 Geological Map of Pakistan Figure 4-6 Average Minimum, Maximum and Mean Temperatures over the last 20 years in Distruct Bannu Figure 4-7 Average rain days, frost days, precipitation and sunshine %over the last 20 years in Bannu Figure 4-8 Average Rainfall per Month and Rain Days for Bannu, Pakistan Figure 4-9 Wind Rose Showing the Direction of Wind vii viii Executive Summary EIA Report on Dualization & Improvement of Old Bannu Road (Km 1040-1050 & Km 1088-1167) Executive Summary General The old Bannu road was taken under administrative control of federal government in 1988.
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