Lava Flows Experiment

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LAVA FLOWS ACTIVITY SHEET YOU WILL NEED: Lava is molten rock that is erupted from a volcano. Some Cutting board/ baking sheet volcanoes erupt lava that is very runny and can flow over Liquids of different viscosities (e.g. water, oil, washing up liquid, chocolate sauce, honey) large distances but others produce lava that is very Support for cutting board (e.g. wooden block) sticky and can’t flow very far at all. Paper The ‘stickiness’ of a liquid is known as its viscosity. The Catch tray to catch liquids Graph paper more viscous a liquid is, the stickier it is and the slower it Stopwatch will flow down a slope. Wooden block to support board Cutting board (work in groups of 2 or more) TASK: LAVA VISCOSITY Stopwatch Paper Using a ruler, draw a horizontal line at the top of your paper and label it 0cm - this will be your start line. Measure 25cm downward from this line and draw another horizontal line labelling it 25cm - this will be your finish line. Catch tray Stick your paper to your cutting board using masking tape and set up the board in a catch tray as in the diagram opposite. Different Choose your first liquid and spoon a tablespoon of it at the top of your paper on the liquids start line . At the same time start your stopwatch and measure how long it takes for the liquid to reach the finish line. Do this for all of your liquids and repeat each test 2 times so that you have 3 measurements for each liquid. Record your results in the table. Mean time Liquid Time taken 1 Time taken 2 Time taken 3 taken LAVA FLOWS ACTIVITY SHEET Plot your results below as a bar graph using the mean time taken on the y axis and the type of liquid on the x axis. Which of your liquids was the most viscous? Which of your liquids was the least viscous? Look at the two volcanoes below. Based on the experiment you have just done, do you think the lava flows that created these volcanoes were viscous or not very viscous? Write your answers in the boxes. Composite volcano e.g. Mount St. Helens, Shield volcano e.g. Mauna Loa, Hawaii Washington When volcanoes erupt they tend to either explode violently with huge clouds of ash and gas or the erupt gently with flowing rivers of red hot lava. Will a more or less viscous lava cause an explosive eruption? Will a more or less viscous lava cause a gentle eruption? .

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