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1 St Quarterly Searching for the truth. Magazine of the Documentation Center of Cambodia Special English Edition, First Quarter 2004 Table of Contents EDITORIALS Denials and Genocide Education .................................1 Letters from Youk Chhang: Son Sen Two Important New Projects at DC-Cam ...................2 A Reply to Comrade Nuon Chea .................................5 DOCUMENTATION Tau Thy Pheak, Director of Office K-15 ...................6 Chou Chet, alias Sy, Western Zone Secretary ...........8 To Respected Office 870 (Telegram) .......................11 DC-Cam’s 2004 Work Plan .....................................12 Public Information Room ....................................23 Building the Case against Senior KR Leaders ........25 HISTORY The Cham Rebellion ...............................................26 Second “Open Letter” of Khieu Samphan ..............27 This is not Karma! ...................................................31 The Story of Prak Yoeun .........................................34 Khieu Samphan Mat Ly and His Struggle for the Cham Community....35 Live for the Children ..............................................37 Copyright © LEGAL Documentation Center of Cambodia 50 Legal Precedents in Yugoslav Court .......................39 All rights reserved. 50 50 PUBLIC DEBATE Licensed by the Ministry of Information of 50 Political Transition and Justice ................................43 the Royal Government of Cambodia, 100 Khieu Samphan ......................................................51 Prakas No.0291 P.M99, 100 Letter: The Cowardice of Khieu Samphan .............55 2 August 1999. 100 Letter: A Reply to Khieu Samphan .........................56 100 Photographs by the Documentation Center of 100 FAMILY TRACING 100 The Plum Trees ......................................................58 Cambodia and Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum. Contributors: Rachana Phat, John D. Ciorciari, Irene Sokha, Osman Ysa, Veng Chheng, Kelly Askin, Steve Heder, Maud Sundqvist, Brak Tuny, Qingguo (George) Gao. Staff Writers: Vannak Huy, Sophal Ly, Farina Black So, Kalyan Sann. Co-English Editors-in-Chief: Kok-Thay Eng, Bunsou Sour. Editor-in-Chief and Yellow Publisher: Youk Chhang. Graphic Designer: Sopheak Sim. Distributor: Bunthann Meas. Magenta Cyan Searching for the Truth EDITORIALS Special English Edition, First Quarter 2004 March 2004: Denials and Genocide Education When I was young, the tales of the Khmer Rouge regarding forced labor and execution, and were well were always a source of wonder for me. I was told that aware of the massacres and deaths from starvation, the regime was like a nightmare. People talked of disease, and overwork. The former leaders' denials greatly starvation, secret slaughters in the forest with wooden affect the populace, who know few details about the poles, rotting bodies, cannibalism, forced labor, and other regime. People have asked: if everyone said they were horrors. Those who survived the regime used terms like not killers, then who were the killers? While they want Angkar, cadres, comrades, and political consciousness. to reject the excuses made by these former revolutionaries, I also heard the illusive names that everyone feared: they are somehow hesitant. Although they went through Khmer Issarak, Son Ngoc Thanh, Son Ngoc Minh, the Khmer Rouge regime, they only knew what happened Nguyen Van Thieu (Thieu Ky), Pol Pot, Ieng Sary, and in their villages. They never saw those secretive leaders Khieu Samphan. themselves. What they heard was the abstract word Although observers found the July 2003 election “Angkar.” to be free and fair, the government still has not been The effects of denial are even greater on Cambodia's established. This means that Khmer Rouge leaders children, who are already wondering if genocide really cannot be tried until the tribunal agreement signed by the did occur. Children's thinking is dependent upon what United Nations and the Royal Government of Cambodia they hear, as they have no basic education in or experience on June 6, 2003 is ratified by the new National Assembly. of genocide. Former Khmer Rouge leaders like Nuon Chea, Khieu There are two ways to correct this situation and Samphan, and Ieng Sary are denying their involvement instill independent thinking in Cambodia's young people. in the atrocities. Earlier this month, Nuon Chea said that The first is education on Khmer Rouge history and “hidden enemies” are to blame and asserted that these genocide. We have both the obligation and resources to enemies faked S-21 and Cambodia's mass graves. complete this task. The Ministry of Education and Everything that he did, he claims, was for the country and Cambodian people have expressed their desire to teach 50 its independence. Khieu Samphan wrote “open letters” young people about genocide. Over 85% of respondents 50 to all of Cambodia's newspapers on August 16, 2001 in DC-Cam's 2001 survey stated that junior high and 50 and December 29, 2003, and more recently a “memoir.” high school students “deserve” education on Khmer 50 In all of these writings, he said he was just a nominal Rouge history. DC-Cam plans to train teachers on how 100 leader. He did not know about the existence of S-21 or to convey the topic of Democratic Kampuchea to their 100 the widespread killings until only recently. He has students. We will also provide materials and references 100 contacted infamous French lawyer Jacques Verges to to the Ministry of Education, teachers and students that 100 defend him in court. Like Pol Pot before them, Ieng can help them access a variety of educational resources 100 Thirith, Ieng Sary, Ke Pauk and others claim that they on genocide, improve their knowledge, and help them 100 acted only for the good of their country. convey it to others. We would also learn how countries There is an overwhelming amount of information that have experienced grave human rights abuses teach Black to show that these leaders were involved in decisions the subject of genocide. Yellow Magenta Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) 1 Cyan Special English Edition, First Quarter 2004 Searching for the Truth EDITORIALS The second way is to prosecute these former leaders genocide committed by the Khmer Rouge. And only we at a proper tribunal in which retributive, restorative and can help the younger generation to understand their history distributive justice is sought for the victims. The tribunal and work to ensure that we live in a just, democratic will hopefully build trust in the Cambodian judiciary. society that gives opportunities to everyone. Only by We will see who the culprits are in the tribunal and hear ensuring justice and memory can we hold out the hope what those culprits have to say. that genocide will never occur again in Cambodia. Instead of listening to former Khmer Rouge leaders like Nuon Chea talk about why they weren't responsible ______________________ for what happened, it is time for us to move on and judge Kok-Thay Eng is the Co-English-Editor-in-Chief of them in a court of law. Only an impartial court can the Special English Edition series of Searching for the determine who bears the major responsibility for the Truth magazine. March 2004: Two Important New Projects at DC-Cam 1. Living Documents: Engaging the Survivors of of stealing a small amount of food, she denied their Democratic Kampuchea in the Quest for Justice and charges. To test her veracity, they cut open her stomach. Reconciliation They found no food there, and she died soon after from her wounds. I was luckier. I survived that brutal period. Introduction For many years, I harbored anger at the Khmer I have spent the last nine years of my life collecting Rouge and wanted revenge. I even wished to kill the documents related to the crimes committed by the men who had cut open my sister’s stomach. But above Democratic Kampuchea regime. In less than four years, all, I dreamed that the people who had so abused my that regime was responsible for roughly two million loved ones and millions of other Cambodians would deaths, or over a quarter of Cambodia’s population. But one day be brought to justice for their crimes. 50 what drove me to document those crimes was more than In 1995, I joined the Cambodian Genocide Program 50 an abstract number of victims; the horrors of Democratic at Yale University and returned to Phnom Penh to head 50 Kampuchea were also personal. the new Documentation Center of Cambodia. I set my 50 I was a teenager during those years and suffered sights on a tribunal. My colleagues at DC-Cam and I 100 like almost all of my compatriots. When I picked water worked hand in hand with members of the international 100 grass for my sister, who was pregnant and starving, I and Cambodian communities to gather information that 100 was considered to be a criminal, hit with an axe, pushed would demonstrate the ugly truth about Democratic 100 to the ground, and tied up with ropes. I was put in jail Kampuchea. Nothing has shaken my view that Cambodians 100 for weeks. My mother was afraid to cry when she need a properly conducted tribunal for the most serious 100 witnessed the cadres beating me because the Khmer offenders. It can make a very important statement that Rouge also thought that expressing grief was a crime. what the Khmer Rouge did was intolerable. It can put Black Another of my sisters died because she did not have convicted criminals in prison. And it can help build the Yellow enough to eat. When Khmer Rouge soldiers accused her rule of law in Cambodia. All of these are essential. But Magenta 2 Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) Cyan Searching for the Truth EDITORIALS Special English Edition, First Quarter 2004 trials are not the whole answer, and they alone cannot Their experiences were unique, and no other victims have heal all the wounds of the past. suffered in quite the way they have. However, their Over the years I came to see the need for something emotional response to the events they suffered through else, something more difficult to define.
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