2019 Pacific Seabird Group 46Th Annual Meeting
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2019 Pacific Seabird Group 46th Annual Meeting Kaua’i Beach Resort Lihue, Kaua’i, Hawai’i 27 FEBRUARY – 3 MARCH 2019 SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM FULL ABSTRACTS 1 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MARBLED MURRELET A CONSERVATION ROADMAP FOR OCEAN (BRACHYRAMPHUS MARMORATUS) NESTING WANDERERS SUCCESS IN WESTERN OREGON Karel Allard ([email protected])1 and Carina Lindsay J. Adrean Gjerdrum ([email protected])2 ([email protected])1*, S. Kim Nelson ([email protected]) 2, Marie-Sophie Garcia- 1Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, 17 Heras ([email protected])1, Daniel D. Waterfowl Lane, Sackville, NB E4L 4N1 Canada; Roby ([email protected]) 3, Matthew G. 2Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Betts ([email protected])4, and James W. Dartmouth, NS Rivers ([email protected])1 Procellariiformes wander over extensive expanses of 1Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, ocean, regularly spanning geo-political boundaries, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA and facing different anthropogenic threats along the 2Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State way. Today, the International Union for the University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA Conservation of Nature (IUCN) considers this bird 3Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, group to be the most threatened on the planet. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State Conservation strategies focus on improving University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA knowledge and addressing threats, on breeding 4Forest Biodiversity Network, Department of Forest colonies and at sea. However well designed and Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, collaboratively developed, these strategies can remain Corvallis, Oregon, USA species-centered and structurally disjoint from broader conservation work and related opportunities. Management of habitat in Oregon’s coastal forests for the threatened Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus Our primary goal is to share an increasingly adopted, marmoratus) requires information on nesting success comprehensive approach to overcoming barriers to and on factors that may affect nesting outcome. The informing and integrating conservation efforts across cryptic breeding behavior of this species is a challenge species, mandates, and jurisdictions, toward for nest searching; prior to 2018, just 30 active nests improving overall conservation outcomes. Through had been found in Oregon, preventing precise coordinated questionnaires, online and in-person conclusions on the factors responsible for successful workshops, interested parties will develop a reproduction. During the April–September breeding comprehensive Situation Analysis for seasons in 2017 and 2018, we used a combination of Procellariiformes, following the steps outlined within VHF telemetry and visual dawn surveys to track 137 the Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation. murrelets radio-tagged at sea and identify their nest Outputs will include transferable guidance and sites in the Oregon Coast Range. We collected blood decision-support to enhance partner efficiency and samples to assess the physiological condition of the effectiveness in implementation of new and ongoing birds, and used nest cameras and automated telemetry work, with clear avenues for connecting systems to monitor nesting activities. In contrast to Procellariiforme projects to broader conservation 2017, when no inland movements by tagged birds initiatives. were detected, we detected inland movements of 12 murrelets tagged in 2018 (16%) and 8 nest sites were Using common language, common metrics and a identified. Nest initiation dates ranged from May 2 to common framework, we propose to enhance efficient July 11, extending much later into the summer than development and implementation of conservation expected. All nests were located on federal lands, but strategies, with an emphasis on monitoring to the positions within mature forest patches varied. Of demonstrate effectiveness. International partners, the 7 active nests monitored, 3 fledged young. With including the World Wildlife Fund, IUCN, Nature just this small sample of nests, we confirmed a Conservancies, and more recently government agency previously undocumented nest predator, documented managers, planners and conservation practitioners, a new nest tree species for Oregon, and increased the have recognized the benefits of accessible and number of active nests with known fates in the state by standardized conservation roadmaps, as these can 20%. Subsequent years of this long-term study will present needed context, while enhancing allow for robust analysis of physiological and communication, scalability, transferability, and overall environmental factors affecting nest success and legitimacy of efforts. provide valuable information to land managers. 2 POPULATION GENETICS OF THE BAND-RUMPED 1Department of Ocean Sciences, University of STORM PETREL (OCEANODROMA CASTRO), AN California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 ENDANGERED HAWAIIAN SEABIRD 2NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 Carmen C. Antaky ([email protected])1*, Emily E. 3Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge, Santa Cruz, CA Conklin ([email protected])2, Robert Toonen 95062 ([email protected])2, Ingrid Knapp 4NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA ([email protected])2, and Melissa R. Price 98115 ([email protected])1 5Present address: American Bird Conservancy, Santa Cruz, CA 95062 1Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 1910 Pacific Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis rodgersii) East-West Road, Honolulu, HI USA 96822 overlap with U.S. North Pacific groundfish fisheries 2 Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology, University of while foraging, resulting in incidental take of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 46-007 Lilipuna Rd., Kāne‘ohe, HI thousands of fulmars annually. The majority of these USA 96744 birds breed at four major colonies in the Bering Sea (Pribilofs, St. Matthew, Hall Is.), western Aleutians The Hawaiian Band-rumped Storm Petrel (‘Akē‘akē; (Chagulak Is.) and Gulf of Alaska (Semidi Is.). Oceanodroma castro), listed in 2016 as federally Previously, it was demonstrated that, despite low Endangered, nests in remote locations that are difficult levels of genetic differentiation, a set of 141 genetic to access and spends most of its life at sea. As such, markers can be used to link individual fulmars back to very little is known about the movement among their natal colonies. We used these markers to evaluate islands and the potential for establishing new breeding the colony of origin for 1,536 fulmars caught as colonies in managed areas with predator controls. As a bycatch between 2006 and 2016. After quality first step in assessing connectivity, in this study we filtering, 1,501 bycatch samples remained in the evaluated patterns in genetic diversity among dataset and 47% of birds were assigned to one of the populations on the Main Hawaiian Islands. We four colonies at a 90% likelihood (high confidence) performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) on DNA threshold. Of these birds, 35% originated from the from blood, feather, or tissue samples collected from Semidi Is., 20% from the Pribilofs, 25% from St. breeding colonies or downed individuals found on Matthew and Hall Islands, and 20% from Chagulak Is. Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Maui, and Hawaiʻi islands. Results These results suggest that among the samples tested, suggest minimal differences between the Kaua‘i and bycatch is not equally distributed among breeding Hawaiʻi island populations. Genetic analyses revealed colonies and is not proportional to colony size. In strong differentiation between the Maui population particular, fulmars from the Pribilof Is. make up about and those on Kaua‘i and Hawaiʻi islands. Findings from a fifth of the bycatch specimens sampled, but comprise this study may be used to inform seabird conservation less than 10% of the overall breeding population of the efforts in Hawai'i. The maintenance of genetic species. Spatial and temporal collection information diversity in future generations is an important paired with genetic stock identification can help consideration for conservation management of the elucidate potential impacts of bycatch to individual Endangered O. castro. colonies and the overall population of Pacific Northern Fulmars. GENETIC ASSIGNMENT OF NORTHERN FULMAR BYCATCH REVEALS CONTRIBUTIONS FROM MAJOR RESTORING OFFSHORE ISLANDS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM LEHUA, HAWAII. BREEDING COLONIES Also alphabetized by Beck 1 Patricia Baiao([email protected]) *, 1 Diana Baetscher ([email protected])1,2, Jessie Mele Khalsa ([email protected]), 2 Beck ([email protected])3*, Michelle Hester Josh Atwood ([email protected]) , Sheri 2 ([email protected])3, Shannon Fitzgerald Mann ([email protected]) , Patrick Chee 2 ([email protected])4, Hannah Nevins ([email protected]) , Shane Siers 3 ([email protected])3,5, and John Carlos Garza ([email protected]) , Michael Fry 4 ([email protected])1,2 ([email protected]) , Gregory Howald ([email protected])1 3 1Island Conservation: 2100 Delaware Ave., Santa Cruz, 1Oregon Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit, CA. 95060 Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, 2 Department of Land & Natural Resources, Division of Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3803 Forestry & Wildlife, 3060 Eiwa St # 306, Lihue, HI USA 96766 or Kalanimoku